WO2015115094A1 - 固形油脂組成物及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
固形油脂組成物及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015115094A1 WO2015115094A1 PCT/JP2015/000361 JP2015000361W WO2015115094A1 WO 2015115094 A1 WO2015115094 A1 WO 2015115094A1 JP 2015000361 W JP2015000361 W JP 2015000361W WO 2015115094 A1 WO2015115094 A1 WO 2015115094A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fat composition
- solid fat
- raw material
- oil
- solid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
- A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
- A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
- A21D2/14—Organic oxygen compounds
- A21D2/16—Fatty acid esters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
- A21D13/00—Finished or partly finished bakery products
- A21D13/10—Multi-layered products
- A21D13/16—Multi-layered pastry, e.g. puff pastry; Danish pastry or laminated dough
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D7/00—Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid fat composition and a method for producing the same.
- Layered puffed foods such as pies, croissants, and Danish are manufactured using a dough raw material containing wheat flour and an oil and fat composition, and are mainly divided into two types, folded pie and kneaded pie, due to differences in manufacturing methods.
- Folding pie is made by laminating dough and margarine, shortening and other sheet-like oil and fat compositions on the dough obtained by kneading the dough ingredients, and repeating the extension process to stretch and fold many layers of dough and oil and fat, This is obtained by firing.
- a sheet-like oil-and-fat composition the thing of patent document 1 is mentioned, for example.
- kneaded pie is obtained by adding a small piece of plastic fat such as butter, margarine, shortening, etc. to the dough material, kneading and then extending or folding repeatedly and baking.
- plastic fat such as butter, margarine, shortening, etc.
- a blocky fat composition is processed in advance with a special machine to form a chip (for example, see Patent Document 2).
- the folded pie is composed of multiple layers obtained by alternately stacking the pie dough and the sheet-like oil and fat composition and going through several extension steps.
- the oil and fat composition for folded pie is required to have an appropriate extensibility following the pie dough. If the oil / fat composition is too hard and has poor extensibility, it may cause cracking during folding or insufficient extension to the fabric. On the other hand, if it is too soft, it may be kneaded into the dough or protrude from the dough, resulting in the formation of a non-uniform layer, insufficient float, void formation, and blistering, resulting in increased product variation.
- the fat and oil composition for kneaded pie in order to disperse it uniformly in the dough material, it is usually cut in advance or shaped into small chips and used in small pieces. If the oil / fat composition is not sufficiently fragmented, it will not be dispersed in the dough raw material and will be ubiquitous in the dough, resulting in uneven baking after baking and a non-uniform pie layer and texture.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a novel solid fat composition that easily disperses uniformly in a dough raw material and exhibits good extensibility when overlaid on the dough, and a method for producing the same.
- a confectionery dough or a bakery dough can be obtained by using a solid fat composition comprising a plate-like and / or stick-like solid fat structure containing a gas phase. It was found that the above problems can be solved by easily disintegrating into small pieces when producing the present invention, and the present invention has been completed.
- the fat composition raw material while supplying gas to the fat composition raw material during the manufacturing process of the solid fat composition, the fat composition raw material easily breaks down into small pieces by passing the fat composition raw material through the mesh during the crystallization process of the fat composition raw material. As a result, it was found that a product was manufactured, and the present invention was completed.
- the following solid fat composition is provided.
- a solid fat composition that easily disintegrates into small pieces by an external force when making a confectionery dough or a bread dough.
- 2. The solid fat composition according to 1, comprising a unitary integral of plate-like and / or rod-like solid fat structures, wherein the unity includes a gas phase.
- 3. The solid fat composition according to 1 or 2, comprising 0.1 ml to 20 ml of gas per 100 g of the solid fat composition. 4).
- a solid fat composition comprising a step of supplying a gas to the fat composition raw material and a step of crystallizing the fat composition raw material, wherein the fat composition raw material is passed through a mesh in the crystallization step. Manufacturing method. 9.
- the manufacturing method of the solid fat composition of 8 including the process of shape
- Solid oil composition The solid fat composition of the present invention is characterized by being easily disintegrated into small pieces by an external force when producing a confectionery dough or a bread dough.
- small piece literally means a small piece.
- collapse literally means to collapse and break. Therefore, “disintegrate into small pieces” means that the solid fat composition breaks down into a plurality of pieces smaller than the original size and breaks.
- the small piece is not limited to a specific shape or a specific size.
- external force when creating a confectionery dough or bread dough refers to a solid oil composition when mixed with other food ingredients such as dough ingredients when creating a confectionery dough or bread dough.
- it means the force applied from the outside. Specifically, when mixing or kneading the solid fat composition and other food ingredients by mechanical means such as a mixer or by human hands, the force normally applied to the solid fat composition is there.
- “easily disintegrates into small pieces due to external force when making confectionery dough or bread dough” means that in the process of producing food using a solid fat composition as a raw material, special pressure such as excessive pressure and shear force It means that the solid fat composition collapses into small pieces by the force normally applied when mixing the solid fat composition with other food ingredients without applying any force.
- the solid fat composition When making a confectionery dough or a bread dough, the solid fat composition may be scraped off by mechanical means such as a blade of a mixer or a mixer bowl into small pieces.
- “collapse into small pieces” in the present invention does not mean that it is a small piece as a result of scraping, but means that it is broken or broken by an external force to become a small piece. Therefore, it cannot be said that the solid fat composition of the present invention is obtained simply by scraping the solid fat composition into small pieces. Moreover, as long as it disintegrates to a small piece by external force, even if it is scraped off and a small piece is made, such a solid fat composition is not excluded from the scope of the present invention.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention is used in the production of foods, particularly layered puffed foods, the solid fat composition easily collapses into fine pieces by external force applied when mixing with the dough raw material. It can be uniformly dispersed. There is no need to cut the solid fat composition in advance or mix it into small lumps before mixing with the dough raw material. Moreover, the solid fat composition of this invention is excellent also in the extensibility on dough raw material. Therefore, the solid fat composition of the present invention can be suitably used for producing layered expanded foods, particularly kneaded pie and folded pie.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention can be, for example, shortening, margarine, fat spread, butter and the like.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention can be in the same form as general margarine of several tens of kilograms or pound margarine of about 0.5 kilograms. Furthermore, according to a use application, it can be a form shape
- sheet refers to a flat plate having a thickness of less than 40 mm, for example, and “block” refers to a rectangular parallelepiped having a thickness of 40 mm or more.
- the “dice-like” means, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a side of about 5 to 30 mm or a form that can be regarded as the same, and the “cylindrical shape” means, for example, a cylindrical shape having a diameter of about 5 to 30 mm or A form that can be equated with it.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention may be composed of a plate-like and / or rod-like solid fat structure containing a gas phase, and the joint may contain a gas phase.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention either a plate-like solid fat structure or a rod-like solid fat structure is combined, or both a plate-like solid fat structure and a rod-like solid fat structure are mixed. They may be combined to form a unity. At this time, the unity may include a gas phase.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention can be easily disintegrated into small pieces by the external force applied when mixing with the dough raw material, and can be uniformly dispersed in the dough raw material.
- the dimensions of the plate-like solid fat structure and the rod-like solid fat structure are not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the plate-like or rod-like solid fat structure depends on the size of the mesh used in the method for producing the solid fat composition of the present invention described later, and is, for example, 250 ⁇ m to 5.6 mm.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention may have a fibrous structure composed of a fat crystal phase and a gas phase.
- a gas exists in the solid fat composition, and the gas does not exist as dispersed bubbles but exists as a continuous phase.
- the fat crystal is divided into a plurality of fat crystal phases by this gas phase.
- the adjacent plurality of oil crystal phases are not bonded to the entire adjacent surfaces, but are bonded to a part of the adjacent surfaces, and as a result.
- the solid fat composition is composed of a plate-like and / or rod-like solid fat structure, which has a structure containing a gas phase.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the solid fat composition of the present invention. Gas exists in the solid fat composition, and the gas penetrates between the plate-like and / or rod-like solid fat structure, not spherical bubbles.
- FIGS. 2 to 5 show photographs of examples of the internal structure of the solid fat composition of the present invention.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention is a united body in which a plurality of plate-like and / or plate-like solid fat compositions are bound on a part of adjacent surfaces.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a general shortening (quenched and frozen product).
- gas is dispersed as bubbles in a continuous phase of oil crystal.
- gas is dispersed and present as bubbles, such as a general shortening, even when mixed with a dough raw material, it does not sufficiently collapse into small pieces due to an external force applied at that time.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention preferably contains 0.1 ml to 20 ml of gas per 100 g of the solid fat composition.
- gas By containing gas appropriately, the solid fat composition becomes brittle, and easily breaks down into small pieces due to external force.
- the amount of gas per 100 g of the solid fat composition is more preferably 0.2 ml to 15 ml, still more preferably 0.5 ml to 10 ml.
- the “gas amount” means the volume (ml) of gas contained in 100 g of the solid fat composition, and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries “Japan Agriculture Standards, July 17, 2014, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Notification No. 1 It is a value measured according to "No.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention preferably has a moisture content of 0 to 17% by weight based on the total weight of the solid fat composition in terms of the texture of confectionery and bread produced using the solid fat composition. .
- the water content is more preferably 0% by weight to 10% by weight, and still more preferably 0% by weight to 5% by weight.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention can be produced by the method for producing the solid fat composition of the present invention described later.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention is manufactured by dissolving a solid fat composition raw material excluding gas, then supplying gas, and passing through the mesh when crystallizing the fat composition raw material It is.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention is manufactured by molding the fat composition raw material after passing through a mesh.
- the method for producing a solid fat composition of the present invention includes a step of supplying a gas to the fat composition raw material, and a step of crystallizing the fat composition raw material, and the fat composition raw material is meshed in the crystallization step. It is characterized by being passed through. Thereby, the solid fat composition which disintegrates easily to a small piece with external force can be manufactured.
- the solid fat composition produced by the production method of the present invention easily disintegrates when mixed with the dough raw material, and is uniformly dispersed in the dough raw material.
- the solid fat composition manufactured by the manufacturing method of this invention is excellent also in the extensibility on dough raw material.
- the step of supplying gas to the fat and oil composition raw material can be performed before the step of crystallizing the fat and oil composition raw material, or can be performed during the step of crystallizing the fat and oil composition raw material. However, the step of supplying gas to the oil and fat composition raw material is performed before passing the oil and fat composition raw material through the mesh in the crystallization step.
- a solid fat composition is manufactured by mixing each raw material which comprises a solid fat composition in a liquid state, quenching and kneading the mixed fat composition raw material, and also crystallizing through a resting tube. .
- gas may be supplied into the mixed liquid of raw materials when mixing the oil and fat composition raw materials, or gas is supplied to the fat and oil composition raw materials when quenching and quenching.
- the gas may be supplied to the oil and fat composition raw material in the resting tube.
- the resistance when supplying the gas increases as the crystallization progresses. Therefore, depending on the pressure of the supplied gas, it is difficult or impossible to supply the gas later in the crystallization process. Can also occur.
- the type of gas used is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for food.
- nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, air, nitrous oxide, or the like can be used.
- Nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide that do not denature the oil and fat composition material are preferred.
- the flow rate of the gas to be supplied can be appropriately determined depending on the flow rate of the oil and fat composition raw material and the volume of the production equipment.
- the flow rate of the gas to be supplied is, for example, 5 to 25%, preferably 10 to 20% with respect to the flow rate of the oil and fat composition raw material.
- the flow rate of the supplied gas is preferably such that the amount of gas per 100 g of the manufactured solid fat composition is 0.1 ml to 20 ml.
- the step of crystallizing the oil / fat composition raw material can be performed, for example, by rapidly quenching the oil / fat composition raw material and passing it through a resting tube. By rapid quenching, the oil and fat composition raw material is crystallized, and further, when passed through a resting tube, crystallization proceeds and a crystal is aged.
- “Suwa” of rapid cooling means mechanical kneading. Quenching can be performed using any suitable apparatus known in the art. Specifically, it is rapidly cooled in a scraped tubular cooler (also referred to as “A unit”) such as a botator, a combinator, an onrator, and a perfector, and then a pin machine (also referred to as “B unit”) or resting. A method of mild plasticization through a tube is common. For example, a water-in-oil emulsion in which water, an emulsifier, a taste substance or the like is added to an oil / fat raw material or an oil / fat raw material as needed is rapidly cooled and kneaded after heating and melting. As the quenching method, a method for producing margarine or shortening can be generally used.
- the method for producing a solid fat composition of the present invention is characterized in that the fat composition raw material is passed through a mesh in the crystallization step.
- the obtained solid-oil composition is easily disintegrated by an external force.
- An arbitrary number of meshes can be arranged at arbitrary locations in the crystallization process. What is necessary is just to arrange
- the mesh is arranged perpendicular to the flow direction of the oil and fat composition raw material.
- the mesh it is preferable to install the mesh at an arbitrary position between the entrance of the resting tube and the intermediate point. Moreover, it is preferable to install two meshes in the resting tube. It is more preferable to install two places between the inlet of the resting tube and the middle point, and it is even more preferable to install two places between the inlet of the resting tube and the middle point of the flow direction length of the resting tube. .
- the material constituting the mesh is not particularly limited, and a wire, a thread, a piano wire or the like can be used. Usually, a metal mesh used for a sieve is used.
- the size of the mesh opening is preferably 150 ⁇ m to 9.5 mm, and more preferably 250 ⁇ m to 5.6 mm.
- the oil and fat composition raw material may be passed through a plurality of wires, yarns, piano wires, and punching metal arranged so as not to be parallel to the flow direction of the oil and fat composition raw material.
- the fat composition raw material is passed through an in-line mixer. May be.
- gas can be refined
- the in-line mixer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a static mixer (manufactured by Noritake Co., Ltd.), a pipeline homomixer (manufactured by Primix Co., Ltd.), a throughzer mixer (manufactured by Green Machinery Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- the in-line mixer can be installed in front of the resting tube, for example.
- the method for producing a solid fat composition of the present invention preferably further includes a step of molding the fat composition raw material.
- a step of molding the fat composition raw material By molding the oil / fat composition crystallized in the crystallization process through a suitable die, a molding machine or the like, a solid oil / fat composition molded into a sheet, block, dice, or columnar shape can be produced.
- One aspect of the method for producing the solid fat composition of the present invention includes a step of mixing the fat composition raw material, and a step of crystallization by quenching and quenching the fat composition raw material and passing through a resting tube. And supplying the gas to the oil composition raw material and passing the oil composition raw material through a mesh in the crystallization step.
- the mixing of the oil and fat composition raw material can be performed using a suitable mixing means known in the art.
- the fat composition raw material is emulsified in the mixing step in the production method of the present invention. It is preferable to perform the sterilization process of sterilizing the oil and fat composition raw material after the mixing process and before the quenching and kneading process.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention is shortening, since the fat composition raw material does not contain water, it is not emulsified in the mixing step in the production method of the present invention.
- each raw material which comprises an oil-fat composition is fully mixed in the mixing tank 1.
- the mixing tank those known in the art can be used, and the mixing conditions and the like can be appropriately set.
- the oil and fat composition raw material that has undergone the mixing process is supplied to the subsequent crystallization process by the pump 2.
- a pump known in the art can be used.
- the oil and fat composition raw material is first supplied to the quenching and kneading device 3, where it is quenched and kneaded.
- the quenching and kneading apparatus those known in the art can be used, and conditions and the like can be set as appropriate. Crystallization of the oil and fat composition raw material is started and proceeds by the rapid cooling kneader.
- the oil and fat composition raw material is supplied to the resting tube 4, where the crystals are aged.
- the resting tube those known in the art can be used, and conditions and the like can be appropriately set.
- an arbitrary number of meshes can be arranged at arbitrary locations on the quenching kneader 3 and the resting tube 4 constituting the crystallization process.
- the step of supplying gas to the fat composition raw material is performed before the step of crystallizing the fat composition raw material, or is performed during the step of crystallizing the fat composition raw material.
- gas can be supplied to the mixing tank 1, or gas can be supplied to the quenching kneader 3 or the resting tube 4.
- the gas is supplied before the oil and fat composition raw material is passed through the mesh in the crystallization step.
- the solid fat composition manufactured through the resting tube 4 in FIG. 7 can be further formed into a desired form by passing it through an arbitrary die or a molding machine. .
- the oil and fat composition raw material that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an edible oil and fat used in ordinary processed oil and fat foods.
- the oil and fat composition raw material that can be used in the present invention is appropriately selected depending on whether the solid oil and fat composition of the present invention is margarine, shortening, fat spread, or butter. Can do.
- the layered puffed food of the present invention is produced using the above-described solid fat composition of the present invention and a dough raw material.
- a dough raw material for example, pie, Danish, croissant, tart and the like can be mentioned.
- the raw material for the dough is not particularly limited.
- wheat flour such as soft flour, medium flour and strong flour
- flour such as buckwheat flour, rice flour, barley flour and rye flour
- nut flour such as soybean flour
- corn starch and tapioca starch Etc. processed starches obtained by processing these starches, salt, water, milk powder, etc.
- the layered puffed food can be produced by a method known in the art.
- the pie may be a kneaded pie or a folded pie, and can be produced, for example, by the method described in Examples described later.
- Example 1 Using a device as shown in FIG. 7, a solid fat composition was produced from the fat composition raw material. Specifically, first, an oil and fat composition raw material was prepared, mixed thoroughly, and mixed.
- the oil and fat composition raw material is a mixed oil transesterified oil consisting of 70% palm oil, 20% coconut oil, 10% rapeseed oil and 50% palm oil, 30% coconut oil, and 20% rice oil. Was mixed at 5: 5.
- the raw material mixture was crystallized at a flow rate of 150 L / h through a quenching kneader and a resting tube in this order, and formed into a sheet to obtain a solid fat composition.
- a predetermined amount of nitrogen gas shown in Table 2 is blown into the raw material, and at the two points of the inlet of the resting tube and the midpoint of the flow direction length of the resting tube, Table 2 A mesh having a predetermined opening shown in FIG.
- the amount of gas was measured about the obtained solid fat composition.
- the amount of gas is the volume (ml) of gas contained in 100 g of the solid fat composition, and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries “Japan Agriculture Standards, July 17, 2000, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Notification No. 1688” It was measured by. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Dispersibility was evaluated by the following method. First, raw materials other than ice water shown in Table 1, that is, strong powder, thin powder, salt and solid fat composition are put in a mixer bowl, and a low speed (speed) is achieved using a 30 coat mixer (Canto Mixer, Kanto Blender Industries, Ltd.). (Select 1, using hook). Three minutes after the start of mixing, the mixture was recovered, passed through a sieve having an opening of 9.5 mm, and the weight (A) [g] of the mixture remaining on the sieve was measured.
- the dispersibility was evaluated by classification according to the following criteria based on the values of (A) / (B). ⁇ : Very good, (A) / (B) is less than 1 ⁇ : Good, (A) / (B) is 1 or more and less than 1.5 ⁇ : Slightly poor, (A) / (B) is 1.5 Or more and less than 2 x: defective, (A) / (B) is 2 or more
- the dough is stretched into a sheet having a thickness of 3 mm using a reverse sheeter, cut into a size of 20 cm ⁇ 6 cm, refrigerated at 5 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then heated in an oven at 220 ° C. and 200 ° C. Baked for 14 minutes. After cooling the baked pie, the following items were evaluated.
- Examples 2-5 A solid fat composition was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of nitrogen gas and the mesh opening were changed as shown in Table 2. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Examples 6-7 A solid fat composition was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the fat composition raw material was changed and the amount of nitrogen gas and the mesh opening were changed as shown in Table 2. .
- the oil composition raw material is 70% palm oil, 20% palm oil, 10% rapeseed oil mixed oil and oil phase with 0.3% glycerin fatty acid ester and 0.2% soybean lecithin.
- Comparative Example 4 A solid fat composition was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that nitrogen gas was not introduced. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 3 a negative value was measured for the gas amount of the solid fat composition of Comparative Example 2 produced by supplying gas. If the mesh is not installed even if the gas is supplied, it is considered that the gas escapes without being dispersed and held in the oil and fat composition.
- the solid fat composition produced in Examples 1 to 7 easily disintegrated into uniform small pieces when mixed with the dough raw material.
- the solid fat composition produced in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 does not collapse into small pieces even when mixed with the dough raw material, but the fat mass is scraped by the stirring blade, and the small fat mass is scraped off. Oils and fats were mixed.
- Example 8 (Pie production test 2) (Preparation of pie dough) A pie (so-called folded pie) was produced using the solid fat composition obtained in Example 5. Specifically, a predetermined amount of strong powder, thin powder, salt, and kneading shortening shown in Table 3 are placed in a mixer bowl, and a 30 coat mixer (Canto Mixer, Kanto Blender Industries, Ltd.) is used to reduce the speed (speed). (Select 1, using hook) and mixed for 1 minute.
- a 30 coat mixer Canto Mixer, Kanto Blender Industries, Ltd.
- the extensibility was evaluated by the following method.
- the solid fat composition temperature-controlled at 15 degreeC overnight was pinched
- ⁇ Good extensibility and no cracks are observed in the oil and fat composition.
- ⁇ Slightly poor extensibility, and some cracks are observed in the oil and fat composition.
- X Extensibility is poor, and cracks are observed in the oil and fat composition.
- Comparative Example 5 A pie (so-called folded pie) was produced and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the solid fat composition obtained in Comparative Example 1 was used. The results are shown in Table 4.
- Example 9 The solid fat composition of the present invention prepared in Example 5 was cut into a constant weight when discharged from a die molded into a sheet having a thickness of 20 mm, and stored frozen at -18 ° C. After putting 60 g of wheat flour (30 g of strong flour and 30 g of weak flour) into a mixer bowl of a 30 coat mixer (Can Tho Mixer, Kanto Blender Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 600 g of a solid oil composition in the form of a sheet stored frozen is put at 20 ° C. ⁇ 2 The mixture was mixed at a low temperature for 30 seconds at a room temperature of ° C.
- the mixture was collected, passed through a sieve having an opening of 18 mm, and the weight (A) [g] of the mixture remaining on the sieve was measured.
- the mixture that passed through a sieve having an opening of 18 mm was passed through a sieve having an opening of 9.5 mm, and the weight [g] of the mixture remaining on the sieve was measured.
- the mixture that passed through a sieve having an opening of 9.5 mm was passed through a sieve having an opening of 5.6 mm, and the weight (B) [g] of the mixture remaining on the sieve was measured.
- Comparative Example 6 A conventional casting shortening (Juan Solare, Taiyo Yushi Co., Ltd.) was cut into a sheet and stored frozen at ⁇ 18 ° C. Using this sheet-like casting shortening, the same procedure as in Example 9 was used to calculate (A) / (B) [-]. The results are shown in Table 5. Moreover, the state 30 seconds after mixing is shown in FIG.
- Example 9 the solid fat composition of the present invention easily disintegrated into small pieces in a short time by mixing with wheat flour.
- the size of the small piece is often 18 mm or less even when it is large, and the size of the small piece is often larger than 3.5 mm and 5.6 mm or less.
- Comparative Example 6 the conventional casting shortening crushed into large chunks by mixing with flour, but few collapsed into small pieces less than 18 mm in size.
- the solid fat composition of the present invention can be suitably used for producing a layered puffed food such as pie, Danish, croissant, and tart.
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Abstract
Description
1.製菓生地又は製パン生地を作成する際の外力により容易に小片へと崩壊する固形油脂組成物。
2.板状及び/又は棒状の固形油脂組織の合一体からなり、前記合一体がガス相を含む、1に記載の固形油脂組成物。
3.固形油脂組成物100g当たり、0.1ml~20mlのガスを含む、1又は2に記載の固形油脂組成物。
4.シート状、ブロック状、サイコロ状、又は円柱状に成型された、1~3のいずれかに記載の固形油脂組成物。
5.固形油脂組成物の全重量を基準として水分が0重量%~17重量%である、1~4のいずれかに記載の固形油脂組成物。
6.ガスを除く固形油脂組成物原料を溶解した後、ガスを供給し、前記固形油脂組成物原料を晶析する際に網目に通すことにより製造された、1~5のいずれかに記載の固形油脂組成物。
7.前記固形油脂組成物原料を網目に通した後に、成型することにより製造された、6に記載の固形油脂組成物。
8.油脂組成物原料にガスを供給する工程と、前記油脂組成物原料を晶析する工程とを含み、前記晶析工程において前記油脂組成物原料を網目に通すことを特徴とする、固形油脂組成物の製造方法。
9.更に、前記油脂組成物原料を成型する工程を含む、8に記載の固形油脂組成物の製造方法。
10.9又は10に記載の製造方法により製造された固形油脂組成物。
11.1~7及び10のいずれかに記載の固形油脂組成物と、生地原料とを用いて製造した層状膨化食品。
本発明の固形油脂組成物は、製菓生地又は製パン生地を作成する際の外力により容易に小片へと崩壊することを特徴とする。
本発明の固形油脂組成物の製造方法は、油脂組成物原料にガスを供給する工程と、前記油脂組成物原料を晶析する工程とを含み、前記晶析工程において前記油脂組成物原料を網目に通すことを特徴とする。これにより、外力により容易に小片へと崩壊する固形油脂組成物を製造することができる。本発明の製造方法により製造される固形油脂組成物は、生地原料と混ぜ合わせる際に崩壊しやすく、生地原料に均一に分散する。また、本発明の製造方法により製造される固形油脂組成物は、生地原料上への伸展性にもすぐれる。
図7において、油脂組成物を構成する各原料は、混合槽1において充分に混合される。混合槽は、当技術分野において既知のものを使用することができ、混合条件等も適宜設定することができる。
混合工程を経た油脂組成物原料は、ポンプ2により、続く晶析工程に供給される。ポンプは、当技術分野において既知のものを使用することができる。
また、必要に応じて、油脂加工食品に通常添加される、呈味成分、香料、栄養成分、乳化剤、着色料、増粘剤、酸化防止剤等が含まれていてもよい。
本発明の層状膨化食品は、上記説明した本発明の固形油脂組成物と、生地原料とを用いて製造されるものである。例えば、パイ、デニッシュ、クロワッサン、タルト等が挙げられる。
図7に示すような装置を用いて、油脂組成物原料から固形油脂組成物を製造した。具体的には、まず、油脂組成物原料を準備し、充分に混合して混ぜ合わせた。油脂組成物原料は、パーム油70%、ヤシ油20%、菜種油10%からなる混合油のエステル交換油とパーム油50%、ヤシ油30%、米油20%からなる混合油のエステル交換油を5:5で混合したものを用いた。
(パイ生地の調製)
得られた固形油脂組成物を用いてパイ(いわゆる練りパイ)を製造した。具体的には、表1に示す所定量の強力粉、薄力粉、食塩、及び固形油脂組成物をミキサーボウルに入れ、30コートミキサー(カントーミキサー、関東混合機工業株式会社)を用いて、低速(スピードセレクト1、フック使用)で2分50秒混合した。尚、固形油脂組成物は、大きな塊から所定量を切り出したものをそのままミキサーボウルに入れた。ミキサーにより低速にて過度なせん断力を加えることなく他のパイ生地原料と混合する以外は、固形油脂組成物を細かくするための特別な処理はしていない。
(分散性)
分散性は、以下の方法により評価した。
まず、表1に示す氷水以外の原料、即ち、強力粉、薄力粉、食塩及び固形油脂組成物をミキサーボウルに入れ、30コートミキサー(カントーミキサー、関東混合機工業株式会社)を用いて、低速(スピードセレクト1、フック使用)にて混合した。混合を開始してから3分後に混合物を回収し、目開き9.5mmの篩に通し、篩に残った混合物の重量(A)[g]を測定した。次に、9.5mmの篩を通過した混合物を目開き5.6mmの篩に通し、篩に残った混合物の重量(B)[g]を測定し、(A)/(B)[-]を計算した。
◎: 非常に良好、(A)/(B)が1未満
○: 良好、(A)/(B)が1以上1.5未満
△: やや不良、(A)/(B)が1.5以上2未満
×: 不良、(A)/(B)が2以上
次いで、混合物に氷水を加え、低速で1分間混合した後、生地をまとめて5℃で1時間冷蔵した。冷蔵後、生地を三つ折りにしてから、四つ折りにして、5℃で30分間冷蔵した。冷蔵後、さらに生地を三つ折りにしてから、四つ折りにして、5℃で30分間冷蔵した。
焼き上がったパイを冷却した後、以下の項目を評価した。
それぞれの実施例及び比較例について12個のパイの高さ(パイの高さ方向の最も膨らんでいる頂点と底面との間の距離)をノギスで測定し、平均値と標準偏差を算出した。高さの平均値、標準偏差、最大値、最小値を表2に示す。
パイの外観を評価した。パイの各層が均一に浮いているものを良(○)とし、浮きが不均一で、パイ表面に凹凸がある、パイの層が大きく剥がれ捲れている、もしくは割れているものを不良(×)とした。
外観良好なパイの数[個]と良品率[%]を表2に示す。
パイの内層の状態を以下の基準により評価した。結果を表2に示す。
5: 全体的に層が均一である。
4: 空洞がわずかにあるが、全体的に層が均一である。
3: 大きな空洞がわずかにあるが、全体的に層が均一である。
2: 大きな空洞が多く、全体的に不均一である。
1: 殆どのもので層が大きくつぶれている。
パイの高さ、外観、内層の状態を勘案して、製菓性を総合的に評価した。製菓性を1~5(1、2、3、4、5)の基準で区別し、1~2を不良、3~5を良好とした。数字が大きくなるほど製菓性が高く良好であることを示す。
窒素ガスの量と網目の目開きを表2に示すように変更したことを除いては、実施例1と同様に固形油脂組成物を製造し、評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
窒素ガス導入の有無及び窒素ガスの量、並びに、網目の有無と網目の目開きを表2に示すように変更したことを除いては、実施例1と同様に固形油脂組成物を製造し、評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
油脂組成物原料を変更し、窒素ガスの量と網目の目開きを表2に示すように変更したことを除いては、実施例1と同様に固形油脂組成物を製造し、評価を行った。油脂組成物原料は、パーム油70%、ヤシ油20%、菜種油10%からなる混合油のエステル交換油にグリセリン脂肪酸エステル0.3%、大豆レシチン0.2%を添加した油相に対し、水14%、塩0.5%を添加した油中水型エマルションを使用した。
窒素ガスを導入しなかったことを除いては、実施例6と同様に固形油脂組成物を製造し、評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
ガスを供給せずに製造した比較例1、3の固形油脂組成物のガス量は、マイナスの値が測定された。ガス量測定時の加温による油脂組成物の体積変化の影響によるものと考えられる。
(パイ製造試験2)
(パイ生地の調製)
実施例5で得られた固形油脂組成物を用いて、パイ(いわゆる折りパイ)を製造した。具体的には、表3に示す所定量の強力粉、薄力粉、食塩、及び練り込み用ショートニングをミキサーボウルに入れ、30コートミキサー(カントーミキサー、関東混合機工業株式会社)を用いて、低速(スピードセレクト1、フック使用)で1分間混合した。
次いで、生地をリバースシーターにて厚さ3mmのシート状に延ばし、20cm×6cmの寸法にカットして、5℃で30分間冷蔵してから、上火220℃、下火200℃のオーブンにて14分間焼成した。
焼き上がったパイを冷却した後、実施例1と同様に、高さ、外観、内層の状態を評価した。
また、固形油脂組成物の伸展性を以下のとおりに評価した。結果を表4に示す。
伸展性は、以下の方法により評価した。
15℃で一晩調温した固形油脂組成物をベーキングシートに挟み、リバースシーターで厚さ5mmに延ばした。このときの様子を以下の基準で分類して評価した。
○: 良好な伸展性があり、油脂組成物に割れが見られない。
△: やや伸展性が乏しく、油脂組成物に若干の割れが見られる。
×: 伸展性が乏しく、油脂組成物に割れが見られる。
比較例1で得られた固形油脂組成物を用いたことを除いては、実施例8と同様にパイ(いわゆる折りパイ)を製造し、評価した。結果を表4に示す。
実施例の固形油脂組成物は、伸展性にすぐれ、折りパイの製造にも好適であった。
本発明の固形油脂組成物と従来の流し込みショートニングについて、崩壊性を評価した。
実施例5で調製した本発明の固形油脂組成物を、厚さ20mmのシート状に成型する口金から製品を吐出時一定重量にカットし、-18℃にて冷凍保存した。
30コートミキサー(カントーミキサー、関東混合機工業株式会社)のミキサーボウルに小麦粉60g(強力粉30g及び薄力粉30g)を入れた後、冷凍保存したシート状の固形油脂組成物600gを入れ、20℃±2℃の室温にて、低速にて30秒混合した。
また、混合30秒後の状態を図8に示す。
従来の流し込みショートニング(ジュアンソラーレ、太陽油脂株式会社製)をシート状にカットし、-18℃にて冷凍保存した。このシート状流し込みショートニングを用いて、実施例9と同じ手順で操作を行い、(A)/(B)[-]を計算した。結果を表5に示す。また、混合30秒後の状態を図8に示す。
比較例6では、従来の流し込みショートニングは、小麦粉との混合により大きな塊へと砕けはしたが、寸法18mm未満の小片へと崩壊したものは少なかった。
この明細書に記載の文献及び本願のパリ優先の基礎となる日本出願明細書の内容を全てここに援用する。
Claims (11)
- 製菓生地又は製パン生地を作成する際の外力により容易に小片へと崩壊する固形油脂組成物。
- 板状及び/又は棒状の固形油脂組織の合一体からなり、前記合一体がガス相を含む、請求項1に記載の固形油脂組成物。
- 固形油脂組成物100g当たり、0.1ml~20mlのガスを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の固形油脂組成物。
- シート状、ブロック状、サイコロ状、又は円柱状に成型された、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の固形油脂組成物。
- 固形油脂組成物の全重量を基準として水分が0重量%~17重量%である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の固形油脂組成物。
- ガスを除く固形油脂組成物原料を溶解した後、ガスを供給し、前記固形油脂組成物原料を晶析する際に網目に通すことにより製造された、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の固形油脂組成物。
- 前記固形油脂組成物原料を網目に通した後に、成型することにより製造された、請求項6に記載の固形油脂組成物。
- 油脂組成物原料にガスを供給する工程と、前記油脂組成物原料を晶析する工程とを含み、前記晶析工程において前記油脂組成物原料を網目に通すことを特徴とする、固形油脂組成物の製造方法。
- 更に、前記油脂組成物原料を成型する工程を含む、請求項8に記載の固形油脂組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項9又は10に記載の製造方法により製造された固形油脂組成物。
- 請求項1~7及び10のいずれかに記載の固形油脂組成物と、生地原料とを用いて製造した層状膨化食品。
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