WO2015002220A1 - インクジェットヘッドおよびインクジェットプリンタ - Google Patents
インクジェットヘッドおよびインクジェットプリンタ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015002220A1 WO2015002220A1 PCT/JP2014/067627 JP2014067627W WO2015002220A1 WO 2015002220 A1 WO2015002220 A1 WO 2015002220A1 JP 2014067627 W JP2014067627 W JP 2014067627W WO 2015002220 A1 WO2015002220 A1 WO 2015002220A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ink
- pressure chamber
- drive signal
- actuator
- inkjet head
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 377
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
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- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/04541—Specific driving circuit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/04581—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits controlling heads based on piezoelectric elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/04588—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits using a specific waveform
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/045—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by pressure, e.g. electromechanical transducers
- B41J2/04501—Control methods or devices therefor, e.g. driver circuits, control circuits
- B41J2/04596—Non-ejecting pulses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2/14201—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements
- B41J2/14233—Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/165—Prevention or detection of nozzle clogging, e.g. cleaning, capping or moistening for nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2202/00—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet or thermal heads
- B41J2202/01—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads
- B41J2202/12—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads with ink circulating through the whole print head
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pressure-type inkjet head that applies pressure to ink in a pressure chamber by an actuator and ejects ink from the pressure chamber, and an inkjet printer including the inkjet head.
- an ink jet printer having an ink jet head having a plurality of channels for discharging liquid ink is known.
- a two-dimensional image can be output to the recording medium.
- Ink can be ejected using a pressure actuator (piezoelectric, electrostatic, thermal deformation, etc.) or by generating bubbles in the ink in the tube by heat.
- the piezoelectric actuator has advantages such as high output, modulation, high responsiveness, and choice of ink, and has been frequently used in recent years.
- piezoelectric actuators There are two types of piezoelectric actuators, one using a bulk piezoelectric material that fires like a ceramic tile, and the other using a thin film piezoelectric material (piezoelectric thin film) formed on a substrate. Since the former has a large output, large droplets can be discharged, but it is large and expensive. On the other hand, since the latter has a small output, the amount of droplets cannot be increased, but is small and low in cost. In order to realize a small, low-cost printer with high resolution (small droplets may be sufficient), it can be said that it is suitable to configure an actuator using a piezoelectric thin film. In the piezoelectric actuator, whether to use a piezoelectric thin film or a bulk piezoelectric body may be selected depending on the application.
- 15A and 15B are a plan view and a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ showing a schematic configuration of an inkjet head 200 provided with a conventional piezoelectric actuator 101.
- the inkjet head 200 is configured by disposing the actuator 101 on one surface side of the head substrate 100 having the pressure chamber 100a and disposing the nozzle substrate 102 on the other surface side.
- a nozzle hole 102a for controlling the amount of droplets is formed in the nozzle substrate 102.
- the nozzle hole 102a communicates with the pressure chamber 100a.
- the actuator 101 is configured by laminating a diaphragm (driven film) 201, an insulating layer 202, a lower electrode 203, a piezoelectric layer 204, and an upper electrode 205 in this order from the head substrate 100 side.
- the lower electrode 203 and the upper electrode 205 are connected to the drive circuit 206.
- An ink supply port 301 for supplying ink from a storage chamber (not shown) to the pressure chamber 100 a is formed so as to penetrate the vibration plate 201 and the insulating layer 202.
- the ink supply port 301 communicates with the pressure chamber 100a via a sub chamber 100b formed alongside the pressure chamber 100a on the head substrate 100.
- the piezoelectric layer 204 expands and contracts in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction (a direction parallel to the surface of the head substrate 100). Then, due to the difference in length between the piezoelectric layer 204 and the diaphragm 201, a curvature is generated in the diaphragm 201, and the diaphragm 201 is displaced (curved) in the thickness direction.
- pressure can be applied to the ink introduced into the pressure chamber 100a, and ink droplets can be ejected from the nozzle hole 102a.
- an ink channel (ink ejection part) can be formed.
- the inkjet head 200 is configured. Is done.
- foreign matter such as dust generated during processing or assembly may adhere to the inside of the inkjet head.
- the supplied ink may contain foreign matters such as dust and aggregates.
- the pressure chamber is in a negative pressure state, so that bubbles may be generated in the ink due to cavitation (cavity phenomenon).
- cavitation cavitation phenomenon
- Patent Document 1 In order to remove foreign matter and bubbles from the pressure chamber, it is necessary to circulate the ink in the pressure chamber.
- a control mechanism including a pump, a flow path, and a controller for circulating ink is provided outside the head, and the ink is continuously supplied to the outside and inside of the head by this control mechanism. To circulate automatically.
- JP 2009-101516 A (refer to claim 1, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, etc.)
- Patent Document 1 since the control mechanism for ink circulation is provided outside the head, the entire printer including the head becomes large and expensive. Further, if the number of pressure chambers is increased in order to cope with a higher printing speed, the external control mechanism is increased in size and the cost is increased. Furthermore, if the pressure chamber is made smaller to cope with higher printing resolution (higher DPI (dot (per inch)), the flow path including the ink supply port also becomes smaller, which increases the resistance during circulation and increases the ink. The pressurizing force required for circulation is increased. When the applied pressure increases, in addition to the above-described increase in size and cost, there is a risk of leading to failure of the head and the flow path.
- DPI dot (per inch
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to circulate ink in the pressure chamber without separately providing a control mechanism dedicated to ink circulation, thereby increasing the size. It is another object of the present invention to provide an inkjet head that can avoid the increase in cost and can easily cope with the increase in printing speed and resolution, and an inkjet printer including the inkjet head.
- An inkjet head is a pressure-type inkjet head that applies pressure to ink in a pressure chamber by an actuator and ejects ink from the pressure chamber, and supplies a plurality of ink to the pressure chamber.
- a plurality of ink supply ports and a drive circuit that generates a drive signal for driving the actuator, and the flow resistances of the plurality of ink supply ports are different from each other, and the drive circuit supplies ink from the pressure chamber.
- an ink circulation drive signal different from that for ink ejection is generated as the drive signal and applied to the actuator, and the actuator is driven by the ink circulation drive signal to drive the pressure.
- the flow rate of ink flowing through each ink supply port is different between when ink is drawn into the chamber and when ink is discharged from the pressure chamber. Thereby becoming circulates the ink in the pressure chamber.
- the ink when ink is not ejected, the ink is circulated using an existing actuator, that is, an ink ejection actuator, so that the head is compared with the conventional configuration in which a dedicated control mechanism for circulating the ink is provided. It is possible to easily cope with higher printing speed and higher density while avoiding the increase in size and cost.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an inkjet printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of one channel of an ink jet head provided in the ink jet printer, and a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ in the plan view. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the supply path
- FIG. 7 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ showing a schematic configuration of an inkjet head including a conventional piezoelectric actuator.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an inkjet printer 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the ink jet printer 1 is a so-called line head type ink jet recording apparatus in which an ink jet head 21 is provided in a line shape in the width direction of a recording medium in the ink jet head unit 2.
- the ink jet printer 1 includes an ink jet head unit 2, a feed roll 3, a take-up roll 4, two back rolls 5 and 5, an intermediate tank 6, a liquid feed pump 7, a storage tank 8, and a fixing tank. And a mechanism 9.
- the inkjet head unit 2 ejects ink from the inkjet head 21 toward the recording medium P to perform image formation (drawing) based on image data, and is disposed in the vicinity of one back roll 5.
- the configuration of the inkjet head 21 will be described later.
- the feeding roll 3, the take-up roll 4 and the back rolls 5 are members each having a cylindrical shape that can rotate around its axis.
- the feeding roll 3 is a roll that feeds the long recording medium P wound around the circumferential surface toward the position facing the inkjet head unit 2.
- the feeding roll 3 is rotated by driving means (not shown) such as a motor, thereby feeding the recording medium P in the X direction in FIG.
- the take-up roll 4 is taken out from the take-out roll 3 and takes up the recording medium P on which the ink is ejected by the inkjet head unit 2 around the circumferential surface.
- Each back roll 5 is disposed between the feed roll 3 and the take-up roll 4.
- One back roll 5 located on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the recording medium P is opposed to the inkjet head unit 2 while winding the recording medium P fed by the feeding roll 3 around and supporting the recording medium P.
- Transport toward The other back roll 5 conveys the recording medium P from a position facing the inkjet head unit 2 toward the take-up roll 4 while being wound around and supported by a part of the peripheral surface.
- the intermediate tank 6 temporarily stores the ink supplied from the storage tank 8.
- the intermediate tank 6 is connected to a plurality of ink tubes 10, adjusts the back pressure of ink in each inkjet head 21, and supplies ink to each inkjet head 21.
- the liquid feed pump 7 supplies the ink stored in the storage tank 8 to the intermediate tank 6, and is arranged in the middle of the supply pipe 11.
- the ink stored in the storage tank 8 is pumped up by the liquid feed pump 7 and supplied to the intermediate tank 6 through the supply pipe 11.
- the fixing mechanism 9 fixes the ink ejected to the recording medium P by the inkjet head unit 2 on the recording medium P.
- the fixing mechanism 9 includes a heater for heat-fixing the discharged ink on the recording medium P, a UV lamp for curing the ink by irradiating the discharged ink with UV (ultraviolet light), and the like. Yes.
- the recording medium P fed from the feeding roll 3 is conveyed to the position facing the inkjet head unit 2 by the back roll 5, and ink is ejected from the inkjet head unit 2 to the recording medium P. Thereafter, the ink ejected onto the recording medium P is fixed by the fixing mechanism 9, and the recording medium P after ink fixing is taken up by the take-up roll 4.
- the line head type inkjet printer 1 ink is ejected while the recording medium P is conveyed while the inkjet head unit 2 is stationary, and an image is formed on the recording medium P.
- the ink jet printer 1 may be configured to form an image on a recording medium by a serial head method.
- the serial head method is a method of forming an image by ejecting ink by moving an inkjet head in a direction orthogonal to the transport direction while transporting a recording medium.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of one channel (ink discharge portion) 21a of the inkjet head 21 and a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in the plan view.
- the inkjet head 21 is configured by disposing an actuator 32 on one surface side of a head substrate 31 made of a silicon (Si) substrate and disposing a nozzle substrate 33 on the other surface side.
- the head substrate 31 is formed with a pressure chamber 31a for containing ink.
- nozzle holes 33a for controlling the amount of droplets are formed.
- the nozzle hole 33a communicates with the pressure chamber 31a.
- the head substrate 31 is formed with a first sub chamber 31b and a second sub chamber 31c communicating with the pressure chamber 31a.
- the first sub chamber 31 b is formed side by side with the pressure chamber 31 a and is formed in a part of the head substrate 31 in the thickness direction.
- the second sub chamber 31c is formed side by side with the pressure chamber 31a on the opposite side of the pressure chamber 31a from the first sub chamber 31b, and is formed in a part of the head substrate 31 in the thickness direction.
- the first sub chamber 31b and the second sub chamber 31c are formed with a cross-sectional shape larger than ink supply ports 51 and 52, which will be described later, and a smaller cross-sectional shape than the pressure chamber 31a.
- the actuator 32 includes a diaphragm (driven film) 41, an insulating layer 42, a lower electrode 43, a piezoelectric layer 44, and an upper electrode 45, which are sequentially stacked from the head substrate 31 side.
- the lower electrode 43 and the upper electrode 45 are connected to the drive circuit 46 and are provided so as to sandwich the piezoelectric layer 44.
- the drive circuit 46 generates a drive signal for driving the actuator 32.
- the drive signals include ink discharge drive signals and ink circulation drive signals. Details of these signals will be described later.
- the vibration plate 41 is configured to depressurize or pressurize the inside of the pressure chamber 31a by vibrating with the displacement of the piezoelectric layer 44 by the application of the drive signal, and is configured by a silicon substrate.
- the head substrate 31 and the vibration plate 41 described above may be integrated (may be constituted by a single silicon substrate), or two silicon substrates may be bonded via an oxide film.
- Each silicon substrate of an SOI (Siliconilion Insulator) substrate may be used.
- the insulating layer 42 is made of, for example, a thermal oxide film such as silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), and is formed for the purpose of protecting and insulating the vibration plate 41 or the head substrate 31.
- the lower electrode 43 is configured by, for example, laminating a titanium (Ti) layer and a platinum (Pt) layer. The Ti layer is provided to improve the adhesion between the insulating layer 42 and the Pt layer.
- the piezoelectric layer 44 is a driving film (displacement film) that expands and contracts in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction, and is, for example, a solid solution of PTO (PbTiO 3 ; lead titanate) and PZO (PbZrO 3 ; lead zirconate). It is composed of a thin film of PZT (lead zirconate titanate).
- the piezoelectric layer 44 may be configured in bulk.
- a lead-based or non-lead-based perovskite metal oxide can be used as a material constituting the piezoelectric layer 44.
- the upper electrode 45 is formed by laminating a Ti layer and a Pt layer.
- the Ti layer is provided in order to improve the adhesion between the piezoelectric layer 44 and the Pt layer.
- the pressure-type inkjet head 21 configured to apply pressure to the ink in the pressure chamber 31a by the actuator 32 and discharge the ink from the pressure chamber 31a through the nozzle hole 33a is configured. .
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view schematically showing an ink supply path to the inkjet head 21.
- a storage chamber 22 for storing ink is provided above the inkjet head 21.
- Each channel 21 a of the inkjet head 21 is connected to the storage chamber 22 via two tubes 23.
- Each tube 23 is provided with a filter (not shown).
- the ink in the storage chamber 22 is supplied to each channel 21 a via the tube 23.
- the storage tank 8 and the ink tube 10 shown in FIG. 1 may constitute the storage chamber 22 and the tube 23 described above.
- the inkjet head 21 is provided with a plurality of (two in this embodiment) ink supply ports 51 and 52 for supplying ink from the tube 23 to the pressure chamber 31a.
- the ink supply port 51 is an ink flow path provided through the insulating layer 42, the vibration plate 41, and the head substrate 31 above the first sub chamber 31b, and the pressure chamber 31a via the first sub chamber 31b. Communicated with.
- the ink supply port 52 is an ink flow path provided through the insulating layer 42, the vibration plate 41, and the head substrate 31 above the second sub chamber 31c, and pressure is passed through the second sub chamber 31c. It communicates with the chamber 31a.
- the sizes of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 are appropriately set according to the specifications of the printer, the viscosity of the ink, and the like, but in this embodiment, the opening diameters of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 are different from each other. More specifically, the opening diameter (diameter) of the ink supply port 51 is, for example, 30 ⁇ m, and the opening diameter (diameter) of the ink supply port 52 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m.
- the lengths of the flow paths of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 are the same.
- the flow path resistances of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 are different from each other.
- said flow path resistance refers to the difficulty of the substance (ink) flowing through the ink supply ports 51 and 52. That is, the smaller the opening diameter of the ink supply ports 51 and 52, or the longer the length of the flow path, the more difficult the ink flows, so the flow path resistance increases.
- the flow path resistances of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 change according to the pressure reduction or pressurization speed (volume change rate of the pressure chamber 31a) in the pressure chamber 31a by the actuator 32, respectively, and the pressure reduction or pressurization speed.
- the flow path resistance is larger.
- the rate of change in flow path resistance (change rate of flow path resistance) with respect to the change in pressure reduction or pressurization speed is different from each other at the ink supply ports 51 and 52, and the ink supply having a larger opening diameter.
- the port 51 has a smaller change rate of the channel resistance than the ink supply port 52 having a smaller opening diameter (the change in the channel resistance with respect to the change in the pressure reduction or pressurization rate is smaller).
- the drive circuit 46 when the ink is not ejected from the pressure chamber 31a, the drive circuit 46 generates a drive signal for ink circulation different from that for ink ejection as a drive signal and applies the drive signal to the actuator 32. Driven to circulate the ink in the pressure chamber 31a.
- By such ink circulation it is possible to reduce the accumulation of bubbles and foreign matter in the pressure chamber 31a, and to avoid the situation where ink cannot be ejected due to nozzle clogging or pressure loss.
- the details of the drive signal for ink ejection and the drive signal for ink circulation will be described, and the ink ejection operation and the ink circulation operation based on each drive signal will be described.
- FIG. 4 shows the waveform of the drive signal for ink ejection generated by the drive circuit 46
- FIG. 5 shows the flow of ink during ink ejection.
- the drive circuit 46 applies the pulsed drive signal to the actuator 32.
- the pulse potential (applied voltage), pulse width (applied time), and pulse frequency in the drive signal vary depending on the printer specifications and the actuator performance.
- Applied voltage V2 20V
- applied voltage V1 0V to the lower electrode
- pulse width: 10 ⁇ sec (t2-t1 10 ⁇ sec)
- the piezoelectric layer 44 extends in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the diaphragm 41 is curved so as to protrude upward.
- the pressure chamber 31 has a negative pressure, so that ink is drawn into the pressure chamber 31a through the ink supply ports 51 and 52.
- the rise time of the pulse in the drive signal is close to zero, and the deformation speed of the diaphragm 41 is fast, so that the pressure reduction in the pressure chamber 31a is fast.
- the way of increasing the flow path resistance is greater in the ink supply port 52 than in the ink supply port 51, and the difference in flow path resistance between the ink supply ports 51 and 52 is increased.
- the difference in the flow rate of ink between the ink supply ports 51 and 52 becomes large (the flow rate (large) at the ink supply port 51, the low flow rate at the ink supply port 52), and the flow rate of ink flowing through the ink supply port 51.
- the flow rate of the ink flowing through the ink supply port 52 becomes larger.
- the piezoelectric layer 44 returns to the original length, and the diaphragm 41 returns flat.
- the pressure chamber 31a is pressurized, and the ink in the pressure chamber 31a is ejected as droplets to the outside through the nozzle holes 33a.
- the pulse is applied to the actuator 32 so that ink is drawn in and discharged. Thereafter, ink is repeatedly drawn and ejected by repeatedly applying the pulse to the actuator.
- FIG. 6 shows the waveform of a drive signal for ink circulation generated by the drive circuit 46
- FIG. 7 shows the flow of ink during ink circulation (at the time of drawing and discharging).
- the drive circuit 46 applies the triangular drive signal to the actuator 32.
- the drive signal includes a start side of an application period T corresponding to the start of pressure reduction in the pressure chamber 31a in an application period T ( ⁇ sec) of one pulse that is a repetition unit when circulating the ink in the pressure chamber 31a
- the waveform is asymmetrical with the end side of the application period T corresponding to the end of pressurization in the pressure chamber 31a.
- the drive signal has a waveform in which the rise time (t2 ⁇ t1) and the fall time ( ⁇ 0) of the pulse are different, and the application period is based on the time point (t1 + t2) / 2.
- the waveform is asymmetric between the start side and the end side of T.
- the pulse potential (applied voltage), pulse width (applied time), and pulse frequency in the drive signal vary depending on the physical properties of the ink and the performance of the actuator, but are set to values that do not eject ink.
- the piezoelectric layer 44 extends in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction, and the vibration plate 41 becomes convex upward. To bend. As a result, the pressure chamber 31 has a negative pressure, so that ink is drawn into the pressure chamber 31a through the ink supply ports 51 and 52.
- the piezoelectric layer 44 returns to its original length, the diaphragm 41 returns flat, and the pressure chamber 31a is pressurized.
- the pulse falling time at time t2 is close to zero, the deformation speed of the diaphragm 41 is increased and the pressurizing speed in the pressure chamber 31a is increased.
- the way of increasing the flow path resistance is greater in the ink supply port 52 than in the ink supply port 51, and the difference in flow path resistance between the ink supply ports 51 and 52 is increased.
- the difference in the flow rate of ink between the ink supply ports 51 and 52 becomes large (the flow rate (large) at the ink supply port 51, the low flow rate at the ink supply port 52), and the flow rate of ink flowing through the ink supply port 51.
- the flow rate of the ink flowing through the ink supply port 52 becomes larger. That is, more ink is discharged from the ink supply port 51.
- the drive waveform is applied to the actuator 32, whereby ink is drawn in and discharged as described above. Thereafter, by periodically performing the above-described operation, ink drawing and discharging are repeated, whereby the ink in the pressure chamber 31a returns to the storage chamber 22 and circulates.
- the ratio of the flow rate of ink drawn from the ink supply port 51 and the flow rate of ink drawn from the ink supply port 52 is 6: 4.
- ink flows from the ink supply port 52 side to the ink supply port 51 side via the pressure chamber 31a by one drawing and discharging. Therefore, the ink in the pressure chamber 31 a can be circulated between the storage chamber 22 by repeating such drawing and discharging.
- the rise time of the pulse in the drive signal for ink circulation is longer than the fall time, but a drive signal having a pulse rise time shorter than the fall time is applied to the actuator 32. Also good.
- the direction of the ink circulation can be reversed (the ink can be circulated in the direction from the ink supply port 51 to the ink supply port 52 through the pressure chamber 31a).
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation flow in the inkjet head 21 of the present embodiment.
- n a natural number
- A a predetermined number (for example, 50 sheets)
- the flow path resistances of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 of the inkjet head 21 are different from each other, and the flow path resistances change according to the pressure reduction or pressurization speed of the pressure chamber 31a by the actuator 32, respectively. Therefore, when the ink is not ejected from the pressure chamber 31a, the actuator 32 repeats the decompression and pressurization in the pressure chamber 31a at different speeds based on the drive signal for circulating the ink, thereby reducing the pressure in the pressure chamber 31a.
- the flow rate of ink flowing through the ink supply ports 51 and 52 by changing the difficulty of the ink flow at the ink supply ports 51 and 52 between when the ink is drawn in and when the ink is discharged due to pressurization in the pressure chamber 31a. (And flow rate difference) can be varied. Therefore, the ink in the pressure chamber 31a can be circulated through the ink supply ports 51 and 52 by repeating such ink drawing and discharging.
- the actuator 32 is In addition, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated control mechanism for circulating the ink. As a result, an increase in the size and cost of the head can be avoided. Further, even when the number of pressure chambers 31a in the head is increased in order to cope with high-speed printing, the above control mechanism is unnecessary, so that the problem of increase in size and cost of the above control mechanism does not occur. As a result, the number of pressure chambers 31a can be increased to easily cope with an increase in printing speed.
- the ink is circulated by utilizing the speed difference between the pressure chamber 31a during pressure reduction and pressure application (difference in the flow rate of ink flowing through the ink supply ports 51 and 52 during drawing and discharging), printing is performed. Even in the case where the pressure chamber 31a is formed to be small in order to achieve high resolution, high pressurizing force is not required as in the case where ink is pressurized and circulated in one direction. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the failure of the head and the flow path that are likely to occur when the ink is circulated by applying a high pressure, and as a result, the pressure chamber 31a can be formed small to easily achieve high resolution printing. .
- the drive signal for ink circulation has an asymmetric waveform on the start side (drawing side) and the end side (discharge side) of the application period T, such a drive signal is applied to the actuator 32, and the pressure chamber By depressurizing or pressurizing the inside of 31a, the depressurization speed and the pressurization speed can be made different.
- the flow path resistance of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 is surely changed between when the ink is drawn by pressure reduction and when the ink is discharged by pressure, the flow rate of the ink flowing through the ink supply ports 51 and 52 is reduced.
- the ink in the pressure chamber can be reliably circulated through each ink supply port by being changed with certainty.
- the rise time and the fall time of the pulse in the application period T of the drive signal for circulating the ink are different, it is possible to surely realize an asymmetric drive waveform in the time axis direction in the application period T. For this reason, by driving the actuator 32 based on the drive signal, the pressure in the pressure chamber 31a can be varied and the ink in the pressure chamber 31a can be reliably circulated.
- a configuration that is a prerequisite for circulating the ink using an asymmetric drive signal that is, a configuration in which the flow path resistances of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 are different from each other.
- the actuator 32 is a piezoelectric actuator having the diaphragm 41, the lower electrode 43, the piezoelectric layer 44, and the upper electrode 45, the effect of the present embodiment can be obtained with a configuration using such a piezoelectric actuator. Obtainable.
- the piezoelectric actuator has advantages such as high output and high responsiveness, a high-performance inkjet head 21 can be realized.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another configuration of the inkjet head 21 of the present embodiment.
- the ink supply ports 51 and 52 of the inkjet head 21 may have the same opening diameter and different channel lengths.
- the ink supply port 51 is shorter than the ink supply port 52, and thus the flow channel resistance is reduced.
- the ink supply port 51 having a shorter flow path has a smaller rate of change in flow path resistance with respect to a change in the pressure reduction or pressurization speed than the ink supply port 52.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration of the inkjet head 21 of the present embodiment.
- the flow path resistances may be made different from each other by making both the opening diameters of the ink supply ports 51 and 52 and the lengths of the flow paths different.
- an ink supply port (an ink supply port 52 in the example of FIG. 10) having a larger flow path resistance is provided through the entire thickness direction of the head substrate 31, and the head substrate 31 is provided via the intermediate substrate 34. You may make it join with the nozzle substrate 33.
- the intermediate substrate 34 has an opening 34a having the same cross-sectional shape as the pressure chamber 31a for communicating the pressure chamber 31a and the nozzle hole 33a, and the opening 34a and the ink supply port 52.
- a communication path 34b is formed.
- the ink supply port 51 side having a smaller flow path resistance is the ink discharge side
- the ink supply port 52 side having the larger flow path resistance is the ink draw side. Since the tip of the ink supply port 52 on the side (the end opposite to the storage chamber 22 side) is located near the nozzle hole 33a of the nozzle substrate 33, the ink around the nozzle hole 33a is efficiently used during ink circulation. It is possible to circulate well and efficiently remove bubbles and foreign matters around the nozzle hole 33a.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing another waveform of the drive signal for ink circulation
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing still another waveform of the drive signal for ink circulation.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 are explanatory diagrams showing still other waveforms of the drive signal for circulating the ink.
- a plurality of pulses may be included in the application period T of the drive signal.
- the drive signal may have a waveform with a different pulse width between a plurality of pulses within the application period T, or a waveform with a different pulse potential between the plurality of pulses within the application period T. May be.
- the widths of these pulses are different between W1 and W2 (for example, W1> W2).
- W1 and W2 for example, W1> W2
- the waveform is asymmetric on the start side (drawing side) and the end side (discharge side) of the application period T with reference to the time point (t1 + t2) / 2. Therefore, the ink in the pressure chamber 31a can be circulated also by driving the actuator 32 based on such a drive signal.
- the ink flow rate is changed between the ink supply ports 51 and 52, and the ink in the pressure chamber 31a can be circulated through the ink supply ports 51 and 52.
- an asymmetric waveform can be realized between the start side and the end side of the application period by making the pulse width or the pulse potential different from each other.
- the inkjet head of the present embodiment can also be expressed as follows. That is, the ink jet according to this embodiment is a pressure type ink jet head that applies pressure to ink in a pressure chamber by an actuator and ejects ink from the pressure chamber, and includes a plurality of inks that supply ink to the pressure chamber. A supply port and a drive circuit that generates a drive signal for driving the actuator. The flow path resistances of the plurality of ink supply ports are different from each other, and pressure reduction or pressurization in the pressure chamber by the actuator is performed. The drive circuit generates a drive signal for ink circulation different from that for ink discharge and applies it to the actuator as the drive signal when ink is not ejected from the pressure chamber.
- the actuator performs pressure reduction and pressurization in the pressure chamber based on the drive signal for circulating the ink.
- the flow rate of the ink flowing through each ink supply port differs between when the ink is drawn by the pressure reduction and when the ink is discharged by the pressure, and the ink in the pressure chamber is circulated. is there.
- the flow path resistances are made different from each other by making the opening diameters and flow path lengths of the plurality of ink supply ports 51 and 52 different.
- the flow path resistance may be made different from each other by arranging the objects.
- the pressure chambers can be made different from each other by changing the flow path resistance for at least two. It is possible to circulate the ink in 31a.
- ink is circulated at least immediately before the start of printing and after all printing has been completed. In addition, even when the number of printed sheets reaches a predetermined number (after the completion of printing of a predetermined number of sheets, although the ink is circulated (even in the non-printing section before the start of printing of the paper), the ink may be circulated in the non-printing pixel section in one sheet.
- the ink jet head and ink jet printer of the present embodiment described above can be expressed as follows, and thereby have the following effects.
- the inkjet head is a pressure-type inkjet head that applies pressure to ink in a pressure chamber by an actuator and ejects ink from the pressure chamber, and a plurality of ink supplies that supply ink to the pressure chamber And a drive circuit for generating a drive signal for driving the actuator, the flow resistances of the plurality of ink supply ports are different from each other, and the drive circuit does not eject ink from the pressure chamber.
- a drive signal for ink circulation different from that for ink ejection is generated and applied to the actuator.
- the actuator is driven to the pressure chamber by driving based on the drive signal for ink circulation.
- the flow rate of ink flowing through each ink supply port is different between when the ink is drawn and when the ink is discharged from the pressure chamber. Circulates the ink in the pressure chamber.
- each ink supply port Since the flow path resistance of each ink supply port is different from each other, when the ink is not ejected from the pressure chamber, the actuator is driven based on a drive signal for ink circulation, so that the ink is drawn into the pressure chamber, The difficulty of ink flow at each ink supply port varies depending on when the ink is discharged from the pressure chamber. As a result, the ink flow rate flowing through each ink supply port can be changed depending on whether the ink is drawn or discharged, and the ink in the pressure chamber can be circulated through each ink supply port.
- the ink ejection actuator is driven (utilized) to circulate the ink. Therefore, in order to remove foreign matter and bubbles from the pressure chamber, dedicated control to circulate the ink outside the head There is no need to provide a separate mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an increase in the size and cost of the head as compared with the conventional configuration in which the control mechanism is provided. In addition, since the above control mechanism is unnecessary, there is no problem of an increase in the size and cost of the control mechanism even when the number of pressure chambers is increased in order to cope with an increase in printing speed. As a result, the number of pressure chambers can be increased to easily cope with a higher printing speed.
- the ink is circulated using the difference in flow rate of each ink supply port between when the ink is drawn in and when the ink is discharged, high pressure is not required as in the case where the ink is circulated by pressurizing in one direction.
- the pressure chamber is formed small in order to increase the resolution of printing, it is possible to reduce head and flow path failures that are likely to occur when high pressure is applied and ink is circulated. Therefore, it is possible to easily increase the resolution of printing by forming the pressure chamber small.
- the drive signal for circulating the ink is a repetition unit when circulating the ink in the pressure chamber, and at the start side of the application period corresponding to the start of depressurization in the pressure chamber in the application period of at least one pulse. It is desirable that the waveform be asymmetrical with the end of the application period corresponding to the end of pressurization in the pressure chamber.
- each ink supply port changes reliably between when the ink is drawn due to decompression in the pressure chamber and when the ink is discharged due to pressurization in the pressure chamber, and the flow rate of ink flowing through each ink supply port is ensured. Can be changed. Thereby, the ink in the pressure chamber can be reliably circulated through each ink supply port.
- the drive signal for circulating the ink may have a waveform in which the rise time and the fall time of the pulse are different.
- the actuator is driven based on such a drive signal to reduce the pressure in the pressure chamber and the pressure. Differently, the ink in the pressure chamber can be circulated.
- the drive signal for circulating the ink may have a waveform having a different pulse width or pulse potential between the plurality of pulses in the application period.
- the pulse width or potential differs between the pulses, so that the application period starts and ends on the entire application period. And an asymmetric waveform. Therefore, by driving the actuator based on the drive signal, the pressure in the pressure chamber can be varied and the ink in the pressure chamber can be circulated.
- the opening diameters of the plurality of ink supply ports may be different from each other. In this case, a configuration in which the flow path resistances of the plurality of ink supply ports are different from each other can be reliably realized.
- the lengths of the flow paths of the plurality of ink supply ports may be different from each other. Even in this case, a configuration in which the flow path resistances of the plurality of ink supply ports are different from each other can be reliably realized.
- the actuator is provided so as to sandwich the piezoelectric layer, the two electrodes for applying a drive signal for ink ejection or ink circulation to the piezoelectric layer, and the drive signal There may be provided a diaphragm that depressurizes or pressurizes the pressure chamber by oscillating with the displacement of the piezoelectric layer by application. In the configuration using such a piezoelectric actuator, the above-described effects can be obtained.
- the ink jet printer of this embodiment includes the above-described ink jet head.
- the pressure type ink jet head of the present invention can be used for an ink jet printer.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施形態のインクジェットプリンタ1の概略の構成を示す説明図である。インクジェットプリンタ1は、インクジェットヘッド部2において、インクジェットヘッド21が記録媒体の幅方向にライン状に設けられた、いわゆるラインヘッド方式のインクジェット記録装置である。
次に、インクジェットヘッド21の構成について説明する。図2は、インクジェットヘッド21の1つのチャネル(インク吐出部)21aの概略の構成を示す平面図と、その平面図におけるA-A’線矢視断面図とを併せて示したものである。インクジェットヘッド21は、シリコン(Si)基板からなるヘッド基板31の一方の面側にアクチュエータ32を配置し、他方の面側にノズル基板33を配置して構成されている。ヘッド基板31には、インクを収容する圧力室31aが形成されている。ノズル基板33には、液滴量を制御するためのノズル孔33aが形成されている。ノズル孔33aは圧力室31aと連通している。
図4は、駆動回路46が生成するインク吐出用の駆動信号の波形を示し、図5は、インク吐出時におけるインクの流れを示している。インク吐出時には、駆動回路46は、アクチュエータ32にパルス状の上記駆動信号を印加する。上記駆動信号におけるパルスの電位(印加電圧)、パルス幅(印加時間)、パルスの周波数は、プリンタの仕様やアクチュエータの性能により異なるが、本実施形態では、例えば、印加電圧:20V(上部電極への印加電圧V2=20V、下部電極への印加電圧V1=0V)、パルス幅:10μsec(t2-t1=10μsec)、周波数:10kHz(t3-t1=100μsec)である。
図6は、駆動回路46が生成するインク循環用の駆動信号の波形を示し、図7は、インク循環時(引込時および排出時)におけるインクの流れを示している。インク循環時には、駆動回路46は、アクチュエータ32に三角波状の上記駆動信号を印加する。上記駆動信号は、圧力室31a内のインクを循環させる際の繰り返し単位となる1つのパルスの印加期間T(μsec)において、圧力室31a内の減圧開始に対応する印加期間Tの開始側と、圧力室31a内の加圧終了に対応する印加期間Tの終了側とで非対称な波形である。より具体的には、上記駆動信号は、上記パルスの立ち上がり時間(t2-t1)と立ち下がり時間(≒0)とが異なる波形であり、(t1+t2)/2の時点を基準にして、印加期間Tの開始側と終了側とで非対称な波形となっている。
図9は、本実施形態のインクジェットヘッド21の他の構成を示す断面図である。インクジェットヘッド21のインク供給口51・52は、開口径が同じで、流路の長さが異なっていてもよい。図9では、インク供給口52よりもインク供給口51のほうが、流路が短いため、流路抵抗が小さくなる。また、流路の長さがより短いインク供給口51のほうが、インク供給口52よりも、減圧または加圧の速度の変化に対する流路抵抗の変化率が小さくなる。
図11は、インク循環用の駆動信号の他の波形を示す説明図であり、図12は、インク循環用の駆動信号のさらに他の波形を示す説明図である。上記駆動信号の印加期間Tにパルスが1つのみ含まれる場合において、パルスの立ち上がり時間d1(μsec)と立ち下がり時間d2(μsec)とが異なる波形であれば(パルスが立ち上がり側と立ち下がり側とで非対称な波形であれば)、上記パルスは、図11に示すような三角波であってもよいし、図12に示すような台形波であってもよい。
本実施形態では、複数のインク供給口51・52の開口径や流路の長さを異ならせることによって、流路抵抗を互いに異ならせているが、例えば一方のインク供給口にフィルタなどの障害物を配置することにより、流路抵抗を互いに異ならせるようにしてもよい。
21 インクジェットヘッド
31a 圧力室
32 アクチュエータ
41 振動板
43 下部電極
44 圧電体層
45 上部電極
46 駆動回路
51 インク供給口
52 インク供給口
Claims (8)
- アクチュエータによって圧力室内のインクに圧力を付与して、前記圧力室からインクを吐出させる圧力式のインクジェットヘッドであって、
前記圧力室にインクを供給する複数のインク供給口と、
前記アクチュエータを駆動するための駆動信号を生成する駆動回路とを備え、
前記複数のインク供給口の流路抵抗は、互いに異なり、
前記駆動回路は、前記圧力室からのインクの非吐出時に、前記駆動信号として、インク吐出用とは異なるインク循環用の駆動信号を生成して前記アクチュエータに印加し、
前記アクチュエータは、前記インク循環用の駆動信号に基づく駆動により、前記圧力室へのインクの引込時と前記圧力室からのインクの排出時とで、各インク供給口を流れるインクの流量を異ならせて、前記圧力室内のインクを循環させることを特徴とするインクジェットヘッド。 - 前記インク循環用の駆動信号は、前記圧力室内のインクを循環させる際の繰り返し単位となる、少なくとも1つのパルスの印加期間において、前記圧力室内の減圧の開始に対応する前記印加期間の開始側と、前記圧力室内の加圧の終了に対応する前記印加期間の終了側とで非対称な波形であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のインクジェットヘッド。
- 前記印加期間にパルスが1つのみ含まれる場合において、
前記インク循環用の駆動信号は、前記パルスの立ち上がり時間と立ち下がり時間とが異なる波形であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のインクジェットヘッド。 - 前記印加期間にパルスが複数含まれる場合において、
前記インク循環用の駆動信号は、前記印加期間内の複数のパルス間で、パルス幅またはパルスの電位が異なる波形であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のインクジェットヘッド。 - 前記複数のインク供給口の開口径が互いに異なっていることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のインクジェットヘッド。
- 前記複数のインク供給口の流路の長さが互いに異なっていることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のインクジェットヘッド。
- 前記アクチュエータは、
圧電体層と、
前記圧電体層を挟持するように設けられ、前記圧電体層にインク吐出用またはインク循環用の駆動信号を印加するための2つの電極と、
前記駆動信号の印加による前記圧電体層の変位に伴って振動することにより、前記圧力室内を減圧または加圧する振動板とを有していることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれかに記載のインクジェットヘッド。 - 請求項1から7のいずれかに記載のインクジェットヘッドを備えたインクジェットプリンタ。
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JP7172426B2 (ja) | 2018-03-22 | 2022-11-16 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液体噴射装置および方法 |
JP2019171687A (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-10 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 液体吐出ヘッド及び液体吐出装置 |
JP7033247B2 (ja) | 2018-03-28 | 2022-03-10 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 液体吐出ヘッド及び液体吐出装置 |
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US9662877B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
JP6304251B2 (ja) | 2018-04-04 |
EP3017952A4 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
US20160375682A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
JPWO2015002220A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
EP3017952B1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
EP3017952A1 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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