WO2015002205A1 - コーティング組成物 - Google Patents
コーティング組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015002205A1 WO2015002205A1 PCT/JP2014/067581 JP2014067581W WO2015002205A1 WO 2015002205 A1 WO2015002205 A1 WO 2015002205A1 JP 2014067581 W JP2014067581 W JP 2014067581W WO 2015002205 A1 WO2015002205 A1 WO 2015002205A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coating composition
- polydialkylsiloxane
- formula
- composition according
- polysilazane
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1656—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the film-forming substance
- C09D5/1662—Synthetic film-forming substance
- C09D5/1675—Polyorganosiloxane-containing compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/16—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
- C08G77/16—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups to hydroxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/60—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
- C08G77/62—Nitrogen atoms
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antifouling coating composition having water repellency mainly composed of organic polysilazane.
- the antifouling coating compositions currently under investigation are (a) a coating composition containing an antifouling agent based on an insoluble resin, and (b) a soluble or hydrolyzable resin as the main component.
- the antifouling coating composition (1) making the composition solvent-free in order to prevent the remaining organic solvent from being released from the coated film, (2) harmful Do not use antifouling agents that are present or suspected of being harmful. (3) In order to reduce the construction cost during painting, there is no need for repeated painting, and a coating that exhibits sufficient characteristics can be obtained with a single painting. (4) It is difficult to be corroded by immersion in seawater, etc., so that it is not necessary to carry out anticorrosion coating separately, and (5) It is highly transparent and does not impair the appearance of the pattern applied to the base coating. It is desirable.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a coating composition containing polysilazane, polysiloxane, and a curing catalyst.
- the composition disclosed in this document contains a curing catalyst, and the composition is cured by a condensation reaction of silanol groups. Therefore, when a thick cured film is formed, defects such as cracks may occur, and there is room for improvement.
- the coating composition according to the present invention comprises: (A) a polysilazane having an alkoxy-modified silane group in the side chain; (B) a polydialkylsiloxane having an alkyl-terminated end; (C) a polydialkylpolysiloxane having a hydroxyl group at the terminal; It is characterized by comprising.
- the cured film according to the present invention is obtained by applying the coating composition onto a substrate and curing the coating composition. Furthermore, the ship according to the present invention is characterized by being coated with the cured film.
- the present invention (1) no organic solvent is contained, (2) no harmful antifouling agent is contained, (3) there is no need for repeated coating, and a coating exhibiting sufficient characteristics in one application is obtained.
- Coating compositions are provided. And according to this coating composition, the cured film suitable for the exterior of a ship or an underwater structure which is (4) excellent in corrosion resistance and antifouling property, and (5) high in transparency can be obtained.
- the coating composition according to the present invention comprises the following three polymer components.
- A Polysilazane having an alkoxy-modified silane group in the side chain
- B Polydialkylsiloxane in which the terminal is alkyl-substituted
- C A polydialkylsiloxane having a hydroxyl group at the terminal.
- Polysilazane having alkoxy-modified silane group in side chain The polysilazane used in the present invention mainly functions as a binder during film formation.
- This polysilazane is generally a structure in which hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group is bonded to a main chain structure consisting of silicon and nitrogen, as in the case of polysilazane.
- an alkoxy-modified silane group is used as a side chain. It is characterized by having.
- This alkoxy-modified silane group causes a crosslinking reaction of the composition components to form a cured film. For this reason, the coating composition according to the present invention does not require a catalyst or a polymerization initiator for the curing reaction.
- the alkoxy-modified silane group is preferably a trialkoxysilane group.
- the alkoxy group constituting the trialkoxysilane group preferably has 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an ethoxysilane group.
- the polysilazane that can be used in the present invention is preferably represented by the following general formula (a).
- R 1 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. At least one of R 1 is an alkoxy group, and each R 1 may be the same. May be different, R 2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and each R 2 may be the same or different, and two R 2 in the formula are bonded to form a cyclic structure.
- any R 2 in the formula may combine with R 2 of other polysilazane polymer units represented by the formula (a) to form a branched chain structure
- L is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and each L may be the same or different
- a1 and a2 are numbers representing the degree of polymerization of the first repeating unit and the second repeating unit, each being a number exceeding 0;
- the first repeating unit and the second repeating unit may be bonded at random or may form a block.
- the polysilazane represented by the formula (a) is composed of a first repeating unit having an alkoxysilane group in the side chain and a second repeating unit having no alkoxysilane group.
- the first repeating unit and the second repeating unit may be a combination of repeating units each having a different substituent.
- the first repeating unit has an alkoxysilane group in the side chain.
- the alkoxysilane group is bonded to a nitrogen atom constituting the main chain of polysilazane directly or via a hydrocarbon chain.
- L is preferably a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the first repeating unit has an alkoxysilane group, and this group becomes an active part when the coating composition is cured as described above.
- This alkoxysilane group has at least one alkoxy group and preferably has three alkoxy groups in order to make the reaction rate of the curing reaction appropriate.
- the number of alkoxy groups is 1 or 2
- hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms can be bonded to the remaining bond of the silicon atom constituting the alkoxysilane group.
- the alkoxy group preferably has 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the coating composition according to the present invention is rather free of commonly used curing catalysts.
- the first repeating unit and the second repeating unit both contain a silicon atom constituting the main chain structure of polysilazane. These silicon atoms are bonded to a nitrogen atom constituting an adjacent repeating unit, but have two other bonds. Hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is bonded to these bonds. It is preferable that at least one of these two bonds has an alkyl group bonded thereto.
- the polysilazane represented by the formula (a) has a linear structure, a branched structure, or a cyclic structure, and a hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is bonded to the terminal. Yes. Of these, polysilazane having a linear structure is preferred.
- the polymerization ratio of the first repeating unit and the second repeating unit is appropriately adjusted according to the substituent constituting the repeating unit, the effect rate of the coating composition, and the like. be able to.
- the ratio of the first repeating unit is high in order to obtain a sufficient curing rate, while in order to prevent defects such as cracks occurring in the cured film, the second repeating unit is preferred. It is preferable that the ratio of the repeating unit is high. From such a viewpoint, the blending ratio of the first repeating unit and the second repeating unit, that is, a1: a2 in the formula (a) is 0.01: 0.99 to 0.35: 0.65.
- the polysilazane used for this invention may contain the repeating unit different from a 1st repeating unit or a 2nd repeating unit in the range which does not impair an effect to this invention.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polysilazane represented by the formula (a) is not particularly limited, but in order to maintain the coating property of the coating composition, the mechanical properties of the formed cured film, etc. at a sufficient level, the weight average molecular weight is 500 to 50,000. Preferably, it is 1,000 to 20,000.
- a weight average molecular weight is a styrene conversion weight average molecular weight by gel permeation chromatography.
- the polysilazane used in the present invention is preferably liquid at normal temperature. This is because when the polysilazane which is the coating composition according to the present invention is in a liquid state, a liquid composition can be obtained without using a solvent as a component of the composition. When the polysilazane is in liquid form, its viscosity is preferably 5 to 200 cst at room temperature.
- the coating composition according to the present invention comprises a terminally alkyl-substituted polydialkylsiloxane. Since this terminal is not active, this siloxane compound is poor in reactivity, and the contribution of the coating composition to the curing reaction is small. However, during the curing reaction, a reactive polymer component and a matrix are formed to form a cured film, and the water repellency of the cured film is improved.
- the polydialkylsiloxane (B) preferably used in the present invention is represented by the following general formula (b).
- R b is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and each R b may be the same or different, and two R b in the formula may combine to form a cyclic structure.
- any R b in the formula may combine with R b of other dialkylsiloxane units represented by the formula (b) to form a branched chain structure
- b1 is a number representing the degree of polymerization and is a number exceeding 0.
- the polydialkylsiloxane represented by the formula (b) may have any of a linear structure, a branched structure, or a cyclic structure, and among these, those having a linear structure are preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polydialkylsiloxane represented by the formula (b) is not particularly limited. However, in order to maintain the applicability of the coating composition, the mechanical properties of the formed cured film, and the like at a sufficient level, 350 to 70 Is preferably 1,000, and more preferably 1,000 to 35,000.
- the polydialkylsiloxane (B) used in the present invention is preferably liquid at normal temperature.
- the polydialkylsiloxane (B) is liquid, it is easy to obtain a liquid composition without using a solvent as a component of the coating composition according to the present invention.
- the kinematic viscosity at room temperature is preferably 2 to 20,000 cst, and more preferably 10 to 2,000 cst. A kinematic viscosity of 20,000 cst or less is preferable because phase separation that makes it difficult to form a coating film hardly occurs.
- the coating composition according to the present invention comprises a polydialkylsiloxane having a hydroxyl group at the terminal. Since this siloxane compound has a structure in which the main chain structure is close to that of the polydialkylsiloxane, it has an effect of improving the water repellency of the cured film. On the other hand, since it has a hydroxyl group which is an active group, it reacts with the polysilazane (A) and directly contributes to the formation of a cured film, and also has an effect of reducing the Young's modulus of the cured film. As a result, the cured film can be thickened.
- the polydialkylsiloxane (C) preferably used in the present invention is represented by the following general formula (c).
- R c is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and each R c may be the same or different, and two R c in the formula may combine to form a cyclic structure.
- any R c in the formula may combine with R c of other polydialkylsiloxane units represented by the formula (c) to form a branched chain structure
- c1 is a number representing the degree of polymerization and is a number exceeding 0.
- the polydialkylsiloxane represented by the formula (c) may have any of a linear structure, a branched structure, or a cyclic structure, and among these, those having a linear structure are preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polydialkylsiloxane represented by the formula (c) is not particularly limited, but in order to maintain a sufficient level of the coating properties of the coating composition, the mechanical properties of the cured film to be formed, etc. Is preferably 1,000, and more preferably 1,000 to 80,000.
- the polydialkylsiloxane (C) used in the present invention is also a liquid at room temperature, like the polydialkylsiloxane (B).
- the kinematic viscosity at room temperature is preferably 5 to 50,000 cst, more preferably 10 to 30,000 cst. It is preferable that the kinematic viscosity is 50,000 cst or less because a solvent-free coating process is facilitated.
- the polydialkylsiloxane (B) has a smaller kinematic viscosity.
- the blending ratio of these polymer components can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the type of polymer component used, the intended use of the cured film, and the like.
- the polydialkylsiloxane (B) and the polydialkylsiloxane (C) are used with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polysilazane (A) in order to achieve sufficient antifouling properties and corrosion resistance.
- the polysilazane (A) are preferably 3 to 20 parts by weight and 7 to 30 parts by weight, respectively, and more preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight and 10 to 20 parts by weight, respectively.
- the blending ratio is preferably less polydialkylsiloxane (B) than polydialkylsiloxane (C).
- the cured film formed from the coating composition according to the present invention can achieve high antifouling properties even when the composition is composed only of the polymer component described above. Moreover, the cured film formed from the composition comprised only from the said polymer component can also achieve high transparency. For this reason, when forming a cured film as a coating layer of the board
- the bottom of the ship has a higher antifouling property than design.
- an antifouling agent can be further added in addition to the polymer component.
- any antifouling agent can be used.
- organic tin, organic arsenic, organic mercury, and the like are not preferable because they have a heavy load on the environment.
- the antifouling agent used in the coating composition according to the present invention is pyrithione such as cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) or zinc pyrithione. Of these, cuprous oxide is most preferred.
- the coating composition according to the present invention contains cuprous oxide, it can be contained in a proportion of 50% by volume or less of the whole composition, and high antifouling properties can be achieved with an addition amount of about 40% by volume.
- the cured film formed by the coating composition according to the present invention is often used as a coating film.
- stress is often applied to the coating film, so that mechanical characteristics are required for the coating film.
- the coating composition according to the present invention may contain an acrylic resin or a methacrylic resin.
- a preferable resin includes acrylic polyol.
- the acrylic polyol Since the acrylic polyol has a hydroxyl group, it reacts with the polysilazane (A) or the dialkylsiloxane (C) and has an action of reducing the Young's modulus of the formed cured film.
- Such acrylic polyols are commercially available, for example, Setalux 1184, 1903 (both trade names, manufactured by Nuplex, USA).
- Setalux 1184, 1903 both trade names, manufactured by Nuplex, USA.
- it is preferably added in an amount of 5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polysilazane (A).
- the coating composition according to the present invention can be made into a liquid composition without any additional solvent when any of the polymer components is liquid at room temperature.
- a coating composition does not contain a solvent, since the elution of a solvent does not occur even when the cured film formed from the composition contacts water, the burden on the environment can be reduced.
- a coating composition when applying a coating composition to the surface of a substrate to obtain a cured film, if there are few non-volatile components, a thick coating can be formed with a single coating. It is not necessary to perform the coating once, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. From these viewpoints, it is preferable that the coating composition does not contain a solvent.
- the solvent means a liquid that is liquid at room temperature and can dissolve each component of the coating composition.
- ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dipropyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether
- Diethylene glycol dialkyl ethers such as methyl cellosolve acetate, ethylene glycol alkyl ether acetates such as ethyl cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monopropyl
- Propylene glycol alkyl ether acetates such as ether acetate, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluen
- the solvent content of the coating composition according to the invention is based on the total weight of the composition, It is preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less, and most preferably none. You may add the filler for improving a pigment and coating-film intensity
- the coating composition according to the present invention can be prepared by mixing the above-mentioned components and uniformly dispersing or dissolving them.
- the mixing order is not particularly limited.
- the coating composition according to the present invention does not contain a solvent or the amount of the solvent is small, a composition having a relatively high viscosity is formed. For this reason, it is preferable to use a mechanical disperser for the preparation of the composition.
- the coating composition according to the present invention can be cured by heating after being applied to the surface of the substrate.
- the polymer component reacts by this heating, whereby the composition is cured and a film is formed.
- the composition can be heated and the component in a coating composition can also be made to react preliminarily. When performing such a reaction, it is common to stir the composition at 20 to 40 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours.
- the cured film according to the present invention can be obtained by applying the above-described coating composition onto a substrate and curing it. More specifically, a cured film is formed by the following steps.
- the coating composition is applied to a substrate.
- the coating composition can be applied by any conventionally known method. Specifically, it can be arbitrarily selected from dip coating, roll coating, bar coating, brush coating, spray coating, doctor coating, flow coating, spin coating, slit coating, and the like.
- suitable base materials such as a metal plate, a timber, a glass substrate, and a resin film, can be used.
- the cured film according to the present invention is excellent in antifouling properties, and is particularly preferably used for the exterior of ships and the coating of underwater structures. For this reason, as a base material, the exterior material of a ship, the component of an underwater structure, etc. are preferable.
- the film thickness before curing formed by coating is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more in order to exhibit sufficient antifouling performance for the cured film to be formed over a long period of time. . On the other hand, it is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, in order to reduce the cost of materials and the manufacturing cost associated with an increase in the number of times of painting.
- the applied coating is subsequently heated and cured.
- the heating temperature and the heating time are adjusted so that the curing reaction sufficiently proceeds and the cost is lowered.
- the heating temperature is generally 20 to 100 ° C., preferably 25 to 80 ° C.
- the heating time is generally 1 to 24 hours, preferably 2 to 8 hours.
- the coating composition according to the present invention is preferably heated in an atmosphere of 50 to 90% RH because the curing reaction is accelerated by heating in a steam-containing atmosphere.
- the film thickness of the cured film thus formed is preferably 30 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 to 200 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 2610 g of triethoxy-modified polymethyl / polydimethylsilazane (polysilazane (A), KiON HTA 1500 slow cure (trade name, manufactured by Clariant)) was weighed in a stainless steel container and stirred at room temperature with Dispersmat AE 1C (trade name, VMA-Getzmann).
- polysilazane (A) KiON HTA 1500 slow cure
- Dispersmat AE 1C trade name, VMA-Getzmann
- polydialkylsiloxane (B), Sigma-Aldrich, viscosity: 50 cst) was gradually added with stirring at 200 rpm, followed by hydroxy-modified polydimethylsiloxane ( 261 g of polydialkylsiloxane (C) (manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich, viscosity: 65 cst) was gradually added. After completion of the addition, stirring was performed at 1000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a coating composition.
- Example 2 A coating composition was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 1, except that polysilazane (A) was 2400 g, polydialkylsiloxane (B) was 120 g, and polydialkylsiloxane (C) was 480 g.
- Example 3 A mixture was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 1, except that 2223 g of polysilazane (A), 111 g of polydialkylsiloxane (B) and 444 g of polydialkylsiloxane (C) were used. Subsequently, 222 g of acrylic polyol (Setalux C-1184 SS-51 (trade name, manufactured by Nuplex Resins)) was gradually added while stirring at 200 rpm. After completion of the addition, the mixture was heated to 60 ° C. with stirring and reacted for 3 hours to obtain a coating composition.
- A polysilazane
- B polydialkylsiloxane
- C polydialkylsiloxane
- Example 4 A mixture was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 1, except that 2214 g of polysilazane (A), 111 g of polydialkylsiloxane (B) and 444 g of polydialkylsiloxane (C) were used. However, in the process of preparing this mixture, 9 g of cuprous oxide was added in two portions. Subsequently, the acrylic polyol was changed to 222 g, the reaction was carried out in the same procedure as in Example 3, and finally the coating composition was prepared by stirring at 5000 rpm for 15 minutes.
- Example 5 2610 g of polysilazane (A), 129 g of polydimethylsiloxane (polydialkylsiloxane (B ′), manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich, viscosity: 20 cst), polydimethylsiloxane (polydialkylsiloxane (C ′), manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich) Viscosity: 20,000 cst) was changed to 261 g, and a coating composition was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- Comparative Example A coating composition consisting only of polysilazane (A) was prepared.
- Example 1 Erosion property and antifouling property
- the coating composition of Example 1 was applied to an aluminum plate as a substrate and cured.
- the cured film obtained was sprayed with salt water and allowed to stand, and the presence or absence of erosion was confirmed, it was confirmed that it had anticorrosion performance equivalent to that of a commercially available epoxy primer after 1100 hours.
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Abstract
Description
現在検討が進められている防汚性コーティング組成物は、(a)不溶性樹脂を主成分とする、防汚剤を含むコーティング組成物、(b)溶解性または加水分解性樹脂を主成分とする、防汚剤を含むコーティング組成物、および(c)付着物剥離型低弾性樹脂を主成分とする、防汚剤を含まないコーティング組成物に大別することができる。
(A)アルコキシ変性されたシラン基を側鎖に有するポリシラザンと、
(B)末端がアルキル置換された、ポリジアルキルシロキサンと、
(C)末端に水酸基を有するポリジアルキルポリシロキサンと、
を含んでなることを特徴とするものである。
また、本発明による硬化膜は、前記コーティング組成物を基材上に塗布し、硬化させることによって得られたことを特徴とするものである。
さらに本発明による船舶は、前記硬化膜で被覆されたことを特徴とするものである。
本発明によるコーティング組成物は、以下の3つのポリマー成分を含んでなる。
(A)アルコキシ変性されたシラン基を側鎖に有するポリシラザン
(B)末端がアルキル置換された、ポリジアルキルシロキサン
(C)末端に水酸基を有するポリジアルキルシロキサン。
以下、これらの各ポリマー成分と、そのほかに必要に応じて用いられる添加剤について説明する。
(A)アルコキシ変性されたシラン基を側鎖に有するポリシラザン
本発明に用いられるポリシラザンは、主として被膜形成時のバインダーとして機能するものである。このポリシラザンは、一般的にはポリシラザンと同様に、ケイ素と窒素からなる主鎖構造に水素や炭化水素基が結合したものであるが、本発明においてはさらにアルコキシ変性されたシラン基を側鎖に有することを特徴としている。このアルコキシ変性されたシラン基によって組成物成分の架橋反応が進行して硬化膜が形成される。このため、本発明によるコーティング組成物は硬化反応のための触媒や重合開始剤を必須としないものである。しかし、一方で硬化反応の進行が速すぎると、硬化膜にクラックが入るなどの問題が起こることがある。このような観点から、硬化反応の進行を適当な速度に調整するために、アルコキシ変性されたシラン基が、トリアルコキシシラン基であることが好ましい。また、トリアルコキシシラン基を構成するアルコキシ基は、炭素数が1~3であることが好ましく、特にエトキシシラン基が好ましい。
R1は、水素、炭素数1~3のアルキル基、または炭素数1~3のアルコキシ基であり、R1のうち少なくとも一つはアルコキシ基であり、それぞれのR1は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R2は、水素または炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、それぞれのR2は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、式中の2つのR2が結合して環状構造を形成してもよく、また式中のいずれかのR2が、式(a)で表される他のポリシラザンポリマー単位のR2と結合して分岐鎖状構造を形成してもよく、
Lは、単結合または炭素数1~5のアルキレン基であり、それぞれのLは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
a1およびa2は、第一の繰り返し単位と、第二の繰り返し単位との重合度を表す数であり、それぞれ0を超える数であり、
第一の繰り返し単位と第二の繰り返し単位は、ランダムに結合していても、ブロックを形成していてもよい。
本発明によるコーティング組成物は、末端がアルキル置換された、ポリジアルキルシロキサンを含んでなる。このシロキサン化合物は、末端が活性ではないために反応性に乏しく、コーティング組成物の硬化反応に対する寄与は小さい。しかしながら、硬化反応の際に反応性のポリマー成分とマトリックスを構成して硬化膜を形成し、硬化膜の撥水性を改良する作用を有するものである。
Rbは、炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、それぞれのRbは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、式中の2つのRbが結合して環状構造を形成してもよく、また式中のいずれかのRbが、式(b)で表される他のジアルキルシロキサン単位のRbと結合して分岐鎖状構造を形成してもよく、
b1は重合度を表す数であり、0を超える数である。
本発明によるコーティング組成物は、末端に水酸基を有するポリジアルキルシロキサンを含んでなる。このシロキサン化合物は、主鎖構造が前記ポリジアルキルシロキサンと近似した構造なので、硬化膜の撥水性を改良する作用を有する。そして、一方で活性基である水酸基を有しているので、前記のポリシラザン(A)と反応して硬化膜の形成に直接寄与し、硬化膜のヤング率を低下させる作用も有する。この結果、硬化膜の厚膜化も可能となる。
Rcは、炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、それぞれのRcは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、式中の2つのRcが結合して環状構造を形成してもよく、また式中のいずれかのRcが、式(c)で表される他のポリジアルキルシロキサン単位のRcと結合して分岐鎖状構造を形成してもよく、
c1は重合度を表す数であり、0を超える数である。
本発明によるコーティング組成物から形成された硬化膜は、組成物が前記したポリマー成分のみから構成された場合であっても、高い防汚性を達成できるものである。また、前記のポリマー成分のみから構成された組成物から形成される硬化膜は高い透明性を達成することもできる。このため、例えば模様を有する基板の被覆層として硬化膜を形成させるような場合には、本発明によるコーティング組成物は防汚剤を含まないことが好ましい。
本発明によるコーティング組成物により形成される硬化膜は、被覆膜として用いられることが多い。特に船舶の外装などに用いられる場合には、その被覆膜に応力がかかることが多いので、被覆膜には機械的特性が要求される。例えば、ヤング率が過度に高いと、応力などによって被覆膜が破壊されやすくなるので、ヤング率を適当なレベルに調整することが必要となる。このような目的で、本発明によるコーティング組成物は、アクリル樹脂またはメタクリル樹脂を含むことができる。好ましい樹脂としては、アクリルポリオールが挙げられる。アクリルポリオールは、水酸基を有しているので前記ポリシラザン(A)や前記ジアルキルシロキサン(C)と反応し、形成される硬化膜のヤング率を低減させる作用を有する。このようなアクリルポリオールは、例えばSetalux 1184、1903(いずれも商品名、米国Nuplex社製)などが市販されている。このようなヤング率調整剤は、用いられる場合には、前記ポリシラザン(A)100重量部に対して、5~20重量部添加されることが好ましい。
本発明によるコーティング組成物は、前記ポリマー成分のいずれかが常温で液体である場合、さらなる溶剤を添加しなくても液状の組成物とすることができる。このようにコーティング組成物が溶剤を含まない場合、その組成物から形成された硬化膜が水に接触した場合にも溶剤の溶出が無いため、環境への負荷を低減できる。また、硬化膜を得るために基材表面にコーティング組成物を塗布する際に、不揮発性成分が少ないと、一回の塗装で厚い塗膜を形成できるので、厚い塗膜が必要な場合に複数回の塗布を行う必要が無く、製造コストを低減することができる。これらの観点から、コーティング組成物が溶剤を含まないことが好ましい。
30重量%以下であることが好ましく、10重量%以下であることがより好ましく、全く含まないことが最も好ましい。必要に応じて顔料や塗膜強度を向上させるためのフィラーを加えても良い。
本発明によるコーティング組成物は、前記の各成分を混合し、均一に分散または溶解させることによって調製することができる。ここで、混合順序は特に限定されない。また、本発明によるコーティング組成物が溶剤を含まないか、溶剤の配合量が少ない場合には、比較的粘度の高い組成物が形成される。このために、組成物の調製には機械式分散機を用いることが好ましい。
本発明による硬化膜は、前記したコーティング組成物を基材上に塗布し、硬化させることによって得ることができる。より具体的には、以下の工程により硬化膜が形成される。
ステンレススチール製容器にトリエトキシ変成ポリメチル/ポリジメチルシラザン(ポリシラザン(A)、KiON HTA 1500 slow cure(商品名、クラリアント社製))を2610g計量し、室温で攪拌機Dispermat AE 1C(商品名、VMA-Getzmann社製)を用いて200rpmで撹拌しながら非反応性ポリジメチルシロキサン(ポリジアルキルシロキサン(B)、Sigma-Aldrich社製、粘度:50cst)を129gを徐々に加え、続いてヒドロキシ変成ポリジメチルシロキサン(ポリジアルキルシロキサン(C)、Sigma-Aldrich社製、粘度:65cst)を261gを徐々に加えた。添加終了後、1000rpmで10分間撹拌を行い、コーティング組成物とした。
ポリシラザン(A)を2400g、ポリジアルキルシロキサン(B)を120g、ポリジアルキルシロキサン(C)を480gとし、実施例1と同じ手順でコーティング組成物を調製した。
ポリシラザン(A)を2223g、ポリジアルキルシロキサン(B)を111g、ポリジアルキルシロキサン(C)を444gとし、実施例1と同じ手順で混合物を調製した。引き続き、200rpmで撹拌しながらアクリルポリオール(Setalux C-1184 SS-51(商品名、Nuplex Resins社製))222gを徐々に加えた。添加終了後、撹拌をしながら60℃に加熱し3時間反応を行い、コーティング組成物とした。
ポリシラザン(A)を2214g、ポリジアルキルシロキサン(B)を111g、ポリジアルキルシロキサン(C)を444gとし、実施例1と同じ手順で混合物を調製した。ただし、この混合物を調製する過程で、酸化第一銅9gを2度に分けて加えた。引き続きアクリルポリオールを222gに変更し、実施例3と同じ手順で反応を行い、最後に5000rpmで15分間撹拌を行うことでコーティング組成物を調製した。
ポリシラザン(A)を2610g、ポリジメチルシロキサン(ポリジアルキルシロキサン(B’)、Sigma-Aldrich社製、粘度:20cst)を129g、ポリジメチルシロキサン(ポリジアルキルシロキサン(C’)、Sigma-Aldrich社製、粘度:20,000cst)を261gにそれぞれ変更し、実施例1と同じ手順でコーティング組成物を調製した。
ポリシラザン(A)のみからなるコーティング組成物を準備した。
各コーティング組成物を、基材の表面にバーコーターを用いて、硬化前膜厚が120μmとなるように塗布した。得られた塗膜を、60℃60%RHの条件下、6時間加熱して硬化膜を得た。なお、比較例については、硬化前膜厚を120μmとすると硬化過程でクラックが発生するため、硬化前膜厚を12μmとなるように塗布を行った。得られた硬化膜について、下記の通り、物性値を評価した。
基材として用いたスライドガラスにバーコータ―で各コーティング組成物を塗膜厚さ120μmに塗布した。実験室条件で16日間乾燥したあと。ヘキサン50mLに24時間浸漬し、30℃で溶剤を乾燥した。ヘキサンの浸漬前後で重量を測定し、その差から、ヘキサンに対する溶解性が高い非反応性ポリシロキサン(ポリシロキサン(B))が溶出するか否かを評価した。いずれの組成物においても、ポリシロキサン(B)の溶出は認められなかった。
Digidrop(GBX Instruments社製)を用いて、5回の水接触角の測定を行い、その平均値を測定値とした。得られた結果は表3に示すとおりであった。
NF T30-038(フランス規格)に準じて実施した。3回の測定を行いその平均値を測定値とした。なお、評価基準は、剥離している被膜面積の割合を目視で評価し、以下の表1に示した基準でランク付けした。得られた結果は表3に示す通りであった。
基材として用いたPVC板(150x210mm2)2枚にバーコータ―でコーティング組成物を塗布し、硬化させて硬化膜を得た。得られた硬化膜を資料として、NF T34-552(フランス規格)に準じて、トゥーロン湾に浮かべた筏で実暴事件を実施した。評価は、IファクターおよびGファクターを表2に示した基準で評価したときのN値(N=Σ(I*G))の比較により行った。
実施例1のコーティング組成物を基材としてのアルミニウム板に塗布し、硬化させた。得られた硬化膜に塩水を噴霧して放置し、浸食の有無を確認したところ、1100時間後の状態で、市販のエポキシプライマーと同等の防食性能を有することが確認された。
さらに実施例4のコーティング組成物を基材としてのアルミニウム板に塗布し、硬化させて得た硬化膜を、10ヶ月間の海洋へ浸漬して防汚性を評価したところ、市販のIntersleek 700(商品名、アクゾノベル社製)と同等の防汚性能を有することを確認した。
Claims (11)
- (A)アルコキシ変性されたシラン基を側鎖に有するポリシラザンと、
(B)末端がアルキル置換された、ポリジアルキルシロキサンと、
(C)末端に水酸基を有するポリジアルキルシロキサンと、
を含んでなることを特徴とするコーティング組成物。 - 前記ポリシラザン(A)が下記一般式(a):
R1は、水素、炭素数1~3のアルキル基、または炭素数1~3のアルコキシ基であり、R1のうち少なくとも一つはアルコキシ基であり、それぞれのR1は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R2は、水素または炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、それぞれのR2は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、式中の2つのR2が結合して環状構造を形成してもよく、また式中のいずれかのR2が、式(a)で表される他のポリシラザンポリマー単位のR2と結合して分岐鎖状構造を形成してもよく、
Lは、単結合または炭素数1~5のアルキレン基であり、それぞれのLは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
a1およびa2は、第一の繰り返し単位と、第二の繰り返し単位との重合度を表す数であり、それぞれ0を超える数であり、
第一の繰り返し単位と第二の繰り返し単位は、ランダムに結合していても、ブロックを形成していてもよい)
で表される、請求項1に記載のコーティング組成物。 - 前記a1と前記a2との比率a1:a2が、0.01:0.99~0.35:0.65である、請求項1または2に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 前記ポリシラザン(A)100重量部に対する前記ポリジアルキルシロキサン(B)および前記ポリジアルキルシロキサン(C)の配合量が、それぞれ3~20重量部および7~30重量部である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 前記ポリシラザン(A)、前記ポリジアルキルシロキサン(B)、および前記ポリジアルキルシロキサン(C)の重量平均分子量が、それぞれ500~50,000、350~70,000、および700~90,000である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のコーティング組成物。
- アクリルポリオールをさらに含んでなる、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 酸化第一銅をさらに含んでなる、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のコーティング組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のコーティング組成物を基材上に塗布し、硬化させることによって得られたことを特徴とする硬化膜。
- 請求項10に記載の硬化膜で被覆されたことを特徴とする船舶。
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JP2006519919A (ja) * | 2003-03-07 | 2006-08-31 | ヘンケル コーポレイション | 硬化性コーティング組成物 |
US7989074B2 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2011-08-02 | Ndsu Research Foundation | Thermoset siloxane-urethane fouling release coatings |
PL2516559T3 (pl) * | 2009-12-22 | 2015-04-30 | Hempel As | Nowe kompozycje powłokowe do zwalczania porostów |
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- 2014-07-01 KR KR1020167002950A patent/KR20160027183A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-07-01 CN CN201480037749.1A patent/CN105392854B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-07-01 WO PCT/JP2014/067581 patent/WO2015002205A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH05238827A (ja) * | 1992-02-26 | 1993-09-17 | Tonen Corp | コーティング用組成物及びコーティング方法 |
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CN107207908A (zh) * | 2015-01-26 | 2017-09-26 | 琳得科株式会社 | 防污性组合物、防污片、及防污片的制造方法 |
TWI684630B (zh) * | 2015-01-26 | 2020-02-11 | 日商琳得科股份有限公司 | 防污性組成物、防污性薄片、及防污性薄片之製造方法 |
CN107532061A (zh) * | 2015-04-24 | 2018-01-02 | 思美定株式会社 | 压敏黏接剂 |
CN107532061B (zh) * | 2015-04-24 | 2020-03-03 | 思美定株式会社 | 压敏黏接剂 |
Also Published As
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EP3018181A1 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
TWI612109B (zh) | 2018-01-21 |
EP3018181B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
US20160185980A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
TW201510125A (zh) | 2015-03-16 |
EP3018181A4 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
KR20160027183A (ko) | 2016-03-09 |
CN105392854A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
JP2015010223A (ja) | 2015-01-19 |
JP6017377B2 (ja) | 2016-11-02 |
SG11201510139VA (en) | 2016-01-28 |
CN105392854B (zh) | 2017-11-10 |
US9676946B2 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
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