WO2014168136A1 - 無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
無方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet used as an iron core material for electrical equipment and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in iron loss and a manufacturing method thereof.
- Non-oriented electrical steel sheets are used as iron core materials for various motors for heavy electrical equipment and home appliances. Commercially, the grades are divided by iron loss, and they are properly used according to the design characteristics of the motor and transformer. In recent years, there has been a strong demand for further reduction in iron loss and magnetic flux density for non-oriented electrical steel sheets from the viewpoint of energy saving.
- Patent Document 1 a steel slab containing 0.2% or less of Cu is held for 30 minutes or more in the range of 900 to 1100 ° C., then is held at a high temperature at 1150 ° C., and then rolling is started and finishing heat
- this method has a problem in productivity, such as an increase in rolling load due to a lower slab heating temperature and difficulty in strict control of the cooling rate.
- Patent Document 2 CaSi is added to molten steel by the completion of casting, the S content is controlled to 0.005% or less, the slab is heated at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, and then hot-rolled to a specific temperature. Disclosed is a method for avoiding the formation of fine precipitates by coiling in the zone.
- this method although high-purity steel is essential, the formation of fine Cu sulfide by Cu mixed at an unavoidable level is unavoidable, so that there is a problem that the magnetic properties are deteriorated by Cu mixing.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for suppressing the precipitation of Cu sulfide by quenching from a temperature range of 500 to 600 ° C. to 300 ° C. at a cooling rate of 10 to 50 ° C./second after finish annealing. ing.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 it is known from Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 that Cu sulfide precipitates during cooling even at a cooling rate of 50 ° C./second or more. That is, it is difficult to completely suppress the precipitation of Cu sulfide by the technique of Patent Document 3 in which cooling is performed at about 10 to 50 ° C./second.
- Patent Documents 4 to 6 disclose technologies that expect an improvement in magnetic properties by controlling the cooling rate after finish annealing. However, these methods cannot detoxify Cu sulfide.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-174376 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-183244 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-302414 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-006721 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-144036 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-113451
- the present invention renders Cu sulfide harmless and increases the crystal grain size, thereby preventing non-directional electromagnetic waves having excellent iron loss without increasing costs and reducing productivity. It aims at providing a steel plate and its manufacturing method.
- the present inventors conducted a more detailed investigation on the form and structure of the sulfide, and the possibility that the difference in iron loss is caused by the difference in the atomic structure of Cu sulfide, specifically, the mother It was found that the consistency between the Fe crystal lattice and Cu sulfide, which is a phase, has an influence on the domain wall motion.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of the above findings, and the following (1) to (8) are summarized.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to (1) or (2) may contain 0.5 to 50 sulfides / ⁇ m 3 containing Cu and having a diameter of 5 to 500 nm. .
- a method for producing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (3) above.
- the finish annealing step the following formula 2 is applied to the cold rolled steel plate: After holding for 30 to 3600 seconds at T1 to 1530 ° C.
- the average cooling rate from T1 ° C. to T2 ° C. represented by Formula 3 is set to CR1 in unit ° C./second, and from T2 ° C.
- the average cooling rate up to T3 ° C. expressed by Equation 4 is CR2 in units of ° C./second
- the CR1 and the CR2 are Serial formula 5, so as to satisfy the Equations 6 and 7, cooling the cold-rolled steel sheet to a temperature range of T3 ° C. or less.
- T1 17000 / (14-log 10 ([% Cu] 2 ⁇ [% S]))-273
- T2 17000 / (14-log 10 ([% Cu] 2 ⁇ [% S]))-323...
- Formula 3 T3 17000 / (14 ⁇ log 10 ([% Cu] 2 ⁇ [% S])) ⁇ 473.
- Formula 5 5 ⁇ CR1 ⁇ 500 ... ⁇ Formula 6 0.5 ⁇ CR2 ⁇ 50 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Formula 7
- [% Cu] is the content of Cu in mass%
- [% S] is the content of S in mass%.
- the CR1 may further satisfy the following formula 8. CR1> 20 ⁇ Formula 8
- the CR2 may further satisfy the following formula 9. CR2 ⁇ 20 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Formula 9
- the method for producing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of the above (4) to (6) may be performed at a temperature range of T2 ° C. or lower and T3 ° C. or higher following the finish annealing step. You may further provide the additional annealing process hold
- the hot-rolled steel sheet is heated from T1 ° C. to room temperature in the hot-rolled sheet annealing step. You may cool so that CR3 which is an average cooling rate may be 15 degrees C / sec or more.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet can be made harmless even if it is not subjected to high purity, low slab heating temperature, optimization of hot rolling conditions, etc. Therefore, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in iron loss can be provided.
- required in a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet can ensure the equivalent or more than the conventional material.
- non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention (sometimes referred to as a non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to this embodiment) and a manufacturing method thereof will be described in detail. All% of content is mass%.
- the upper limit of the C content is set to 0.01%.
- the C content is preferably 0.0020% or less.
- the lower limit of the C content is set to 0.0001%.
- the C content is preferably 0.0005 to 0.0015%, more preferably 0.0007 to 0.0010%.
- Si 0.05 to 7.0%
- the Si content is set to 0.05 to 7.0% in view of ensuring iron loss and sheet passing. If the Si content is less than 0.05%, good iron loss cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the Si content exceeds 7.0%, the steel plate becomes brittle, and the plate-passability in the production process is significantly deteriorated.
- the Si content is preferably 2.3 to 3.5%, more preferably 2.9 to 3.3%, and still more preferably 3.0 to 3.2%.
- Mn 0.01 to 3.0% Since Mn reacts with S to form a sulfide, it is an important element in the present invention. When Mn is present in the steel, the transition temperature of the crystal structure of Cu sulfide is lowered by the precipitation of MnS. In such a case, it is difficult to produce Cu sulfide having a Cubic structure. Therefore, the upper limit of the Mn content is 3.0%. On the other hand, if the Mn content is less than 0.01%, the steel plate becomes brittle during hot rolling. Therefore, the lower limit of the Mn content is 0.01%.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.05% to 2.0%, more preferably 0.1 to 1.0%.
- Al 0.0020 to 3.0%
- Al dissolves in the steel to increase the electrical resistance of the steel and reduce the iron loss. Therefore, in order to improve iron loss (lower iron loss), it is advantageous to increase the Al content in the steel.
- the upper limit of the Al content is set to 3.0%.
- the Al content is set to 0.0020%.
- the Al content is preferably 0.1 to 2.0%, more preferably 1.0 to 1.5%.
- the S content is directly related to the sulfide content. If the S content is excessive, S is present in the steel in a solid solution state, and the steel becomes brittle during hot rolling. Therefore, the upper limit of the S content is 0.1%. On the other hand, when the S content is less than 0.0001%, the precipitation temperature range of Cu sulfide (Cubic) (the temperature range of T2 to T3 ° C. described later) is significantly lower than the grain growth temperature of the steel sheet. The improvement effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, the lower limit for the S content is 0.0001%.
- the S content is preferably 0.01 to 0.05%, more preferably 0.02 to 0.03%.
- P 0.0010 to 0.15%
- P has the effect of increasing the hardness of the steel sheet and improving the punchability.
- a small amount of P has an effect of improving the magnetic flux density.
- the lower limit of the P content is 0.0010%.
- the upper limit of the P content is set to 0.15%.
- the P content is preferably 0.005 to 0.1%, more preferably 0.01 to 0.07%.
- N 0.0010 to 0.01%
- N is an element that forms a nitride with Ti or the like. If the N content is excessive, the amount of nitride such as TiN deposited increases, and this nitride inhibits the growth of crystal grains. Therefore, the upper limit of N content is 0.01%. However, the effect of suppressing the precipitation of fine TiC and promoting the grain growth of the steel sheet can be obtained by containing a small amount of N. Therefore, for the purpose of ensuring a sufficient magnetic flux density, the lower limit of the N content is set to 0.0010%.
- the N content is preferably 0.0030 to 0.0080%, more preferably 0.0040 to 0.0080%, and still more preferably 0.0050 to 0.0070%.
- Cu 0.01 to 5.0%
- Cu is an element that forms sulfides and is a particularly important element.
- the upper limit of the Cu content is 5.0%.
- the lower limit of Cu content is 0.01%.
- the Cu content is preferably 0.1 to 1.5%, more preferably 0.8 to 1.2%.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment basically contains the above-described chemical components and the balance is made of Fe and impurities.
- Mo, W, In, etc. for the purpose of further improvement of magnetic properties, improvement of properties required for structural members such as strength, corrosion resistance and fatigue properties, improvement of castability and sheeting property, use of scrap, etc.
- Contains trace elements such as Sn, Bi, Sb, Ag, Te, Ce, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Se, Re, Os, Nb, Zr, Hf, Ta in a total range of 0.5% or less You may let them.
- the effect of the present embodiment is not impaired.
- the total content is desirably 0.2% or less because it affects the solid solution temperature of Cu sulfide.
- the present inventors have found that there are at least two types of structures as the structure of Cu sulfide contained in the steel sheet.
- One is a Cubic structure (cubic structure), and the other is a Hexagonal structure (close-packed hexagonal structure).
- the Cubic structure is a stable phase, and the Hexagonal structure is a metastable phase.
- Cu sulfide indicates Cu sulfide having a Hexagonal structure
- Cu sulfide (Cubic) indicates Cu sulfide having a Cubic structure.
- JCPDS-CARD is a crystal lattice database.
- Cu sulfide (Hexagonal) can be identified using JCPDS-CARD: 00-023-0958, Cu sulfide (Cubic) can be identified using JCPDS-CARD: 00-024-0051, and the like.
- the chemical bond ratio of Cu to S varies within a range of 1: 1 to 2: 1 due to solid solution of Fe or Mn atoms. Therefore, 2 ⁇ includes ⁇ 2 ° which is an error range.
- the XRD diffraction intensity is the height from the background of the spectrum to the peak.
- the XRD diffraction intensity (peak intensity) in the present embodiment was also obtained by removing the background using software described in Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4.
- Fine FeS and fine MnS which are sulfides other than Cu sulfide, may deteriorate iron loss. Therefore, it is preferable that the Cu content is sufficiently increased with respect to the S content to actively precipitate Cu sulfide. Specifically, when Cu content in mass% is [% Cu] and S content is [% S], Cu content is satisfied so that [% Cu] / [% S] ⁇ 2.5 is satisfied. It is preferable to control the amount and the Mn content. More preferably, 120 ⁇ [% Cu] / [% S]> 40, and further preferably, 70> [% Cu] / [% S]> 50.
- the sulfide containing Cu and having a diameter of 5 to 500 nm in the steel sheet has a number density per unit area. And 0.5 to 50 / ⁇ m 3 are preferably present. If the number density of the sulfide is less than 0.5 / ⁇ m 3 , the effect cannot be fully enjoyed. Therefore, the number density of sulfides is preferably 0.5 pieces / ⁇ m 3 or more. On the other hand, when the number density exceeds 50 / ⁇ m 3 , the grain growth property is deteriorated and the magnetic flux density may be deteriorated.
- the upper limit of the number density is preferably 50 / ⁇ m 3 .
- the number density of sulfides is more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 pieces / ⁇ m 3 , and 0.5 to 0.7 pieces / ⁇ m 3 is more preferable. More preferably, it is in the range.
- Observation of the precipitate containing sulfide may be performed by SEM (scanning electron microscope) of a steel plate whose surface has been corroded, or TEM (transmission electron microscope) using an extraction replica method or a thin film method. In general, Cu sulfide is extremely fine (for example, less than 5 nm).
- the crystal structure of Cu sulfide is mainly Cubic, the sulfide is coarsened, so the diameter of Cu sulfide can be controlled in the range of 5 to 500 nm.
- a preferable Cu sulfide diameter for iron loss is 50 to 300 nm, and a more preferable Cu sulfide diameter is 100 to 200 nm.
- the volume fraction of Cu sulfide having the Cubic structure is 50% of the entire Cu sulfide.
- the above is preferable.
- the volume fraction of Cu sulfide having a Cubic structure is more preferably 66.7% or more, and further preferably 80% or more.
- the Cu sulfide includes not only a precipitate of Cu sulfide alone but also a case of complex precipitation with other sulfides such as MnS and TiS, oxides and carbides.
- the preferable manufacturing method of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment will be described.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is melted in a converter in the same manner as a normal electrical steel sheet, and continuously rolled into steel slabs such as hot rolling, hot rolled sheet annealing, cold rolling, finish annealing, etc. Can be manufactured.
- hot rolling the iron loss improvement effect can be enjoyed irrespective of hot rolling methods such as direct feed hot rolling and continuous hot rolling and the slab heating temperature.
- cold rolling the iron loss improvement effect can be enjoyed regardless of cold rolling methods such as cold rolling and warm rolling two or more times and the cold rolling reduction ratio.
- an insulating film formation or a decarburization process may be performed.
- T1 ° C. is a solid solution temperature of Cu sulfide obtained by calculation
- T2 ° C. is a precipitation start temperature of Cu sulfide having a Cubic structure obtained by calculation
- T3 ° C. is obtained by calculation.
- T1 17000 / (14-log 10 ([% Cu] 2 ⁇ [% S]))-273
- T2 17000 / (14-log 10 ([% Cu] 2 ⁇ [% S]))-323...
- Formula 3 T3 17000 / (14 ⁇ log 10 ([% Cu] 2 ⁇ [% S])) ⁇ 473.
- [% Cu] is the content of Cu in mass%
- [% S] is the content of S in mass%.
- the entire amount of Cu sulfide can be dissolved by maintaining the calculated solid solution temperature of Cu sulfide at T1 ° C. or higher for 30 seconds or longer.
- T1 ° C. the holding temperature is lower than T1 ° C.
- Cu sulfide cannot be sufficiently dissolved, and Cu sulfide having a hexagonal structure or having a crystal lattice destroyed by cold rolling remains, which adversely affects iron loss. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the holding temperature at which the solid solution is dissolved and avoids the solid solution of other sulfides as much as possible is preferably T1 + 30 ° C. or higher and T1 + 200 ° C. or lower, more preferably T1 + 50 ° C. or higher and T1 + 100 ° C. or lower.
- T1 is 1530 ° C.
- solid solution does not advance sufficiently within a holding time of 30 seconds.
- the holding time is preferably 35 seconds or more.
- the holding time (stay time of T1 ° C. or higher) is preferably 3600 seconds or less, and more preferably 300 seconds or less.
- a large amount of Cu sulfide is formed as a Cubic structure having a low-temperature stable structure, and the ratio of Cu sulfide having a Cubic structure [Cu sulfide (Cubic)] in the entire sulfide is determined. The effect of iron loss improvement is obtained by increasing.
- Cu sulfide (Cubic) In order to increase the ratio of Cu sulfide (Cubic), it is necessary to deposit as much solid solution S as Cu sulfide (Cubic) as possible. To that end, by rapidly cooling the temperature range from the Cu sulfide solid solution temperature T1 ° C. to the Cu sulfide (Cubic) deposition start temperature T 2 ° C., sulfide other than Cu sulfide is precipitated during cooling. It is important that the Cu sulfide (Cubic) is sufficiently precipitated by avoiding it as much as possible, and by maintaining the Cu sulfide (Cubic) deposition temperature range at T2 to T3 ° C. for a certain period of time.
- the average cooling rate from the solid solution temperature of Cu sulfide T1 ° C. to the precipitation start temperature T2 ° C. of Cu sulfide (Cubic) is CR1 (° C./second), and T1 ° C. to Cu sulfide (Cubic).
- the average cooling rate from T2 ° C. to T3 ° C., which is the precipitation temperature range, is CR2 (° C./second)
- the steel sheet is cooled to a temperature of T3 ° C. or lower so as to satisfy the following formulas 5 to 7.
- CR1> CR2 ... Formula 5 5 ⁇ CR1 ⁇ 500 ... ⁇ Formula 6 0.5 ⁇ CR2 ⁇ 50 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Formula 7
- CR1 is preferably more than 20 ° C./second, more preferably more than 50 ° C./second, and even more preferably more than 100 ° C./second.
- the upper limit may be set to 500 ° C./second.
- a preferable upper limit of CR1 is 300 ° C./second.
- CR2 When CR2 exceeds 50 ° C./second, the time for staying in the precipitation temperature range is not sufficient, and the amount of Cu sulfide (Cubic) deposited is not sufficient.
- CR2 In order to ensure a sufficient amount of precipitation, CR2 is preferably 20 ° C./second or less, more preferably 10 ° C./second or less, and further preferably 5 ° C./second or less.
- CR2 of less than 0.5 ° C./second is not preferable because productivity decreases. Therefore, the lower limit of CR2 is set to 0.5 ° C./second.
- the lower limit of CR2 is preferably 1 ° C./second.
- CR1 is smaller than CR2, because the main body of precipitates is Cu sulfide (Hexagonal), fine FeS, and fine MnS that adversely affect iron loss.
- the finish annealing may be performed twice or more from the viewpoint of maintaining the Cu sulfide (Cubic) in the precipitation temperature range.
- the steel sheet is subjected to the first finish annealing at T1 ° C. or higher, once cooled to T3 ° C. or lower, and then held for 30 seconds or more in the temperature range of T2 to T3 ° C. as the second finish annealing.
- Additional annealing may be performed. By performing the additional annealing, it is possible to lengthen the time during which the steel plate stays at T2 ° C. or lower and T3 ° C. or higher, so that favorable iron loss is obtained.
- a more preferable temperature range for the additional annealing is T2-30 ° C. to T3 + 30 ° C., and a more preferable temperature range is T2-50 ° C. to T3 + 50 ° C.
- the soaking time (holding time) in the temperature range of T2 ° C. or lower and T3 ° C. or higher is preferably 35 seconds to 3600 seconds, and more preferably 35 seconds to 300 ° C.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment it is effective to dissolve the entire amount of Cu precipitates once in the finish annealing step as described above. Considering the state of Cu sulfide before finish annealing, a considerable amount of Cu sulfide is deposited in the cooling process of the hot rolling process. It is preferable to use this Cu sulfide as a metastable phase fine Cu sulfide (Hexagonal) because the entire amount is rapidly dissolved in the finish annealing.
- CR3 is preferably cooled at 15 ° C./second or more.
- CR3 is more preferably 30 ° C./second or more, further preferably 60 ° C./second or more.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a non-directional electromagnetic manufacturing process according to this embodiment.
- the Cu sulfide changes to a Cubic structure that is a stable crystal system by holding in the temperature range determined by T2 to T3 (° C.).
- Cu sulfide (Cubic) has good consistency with the steel interface and is easy to coarsen due to its high growth rate.
- the domain wall movement is easy, and it is considered that good iron loss is exhibited.
- Example 1 The ingots having the components shown in Table 1 are melted in vacuum, the ingot is heated at 1150 ° C., hot rolled at a finishing temperature of 875 ° C. and a coiling temperature of 630 ° C., and a hot rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.0 mm did.
- This hot-rolled steel sheet was subjected to hot-rolled sheet annealing, pickled, and cold-rolled at a reduction rate of 75% to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.50 mm.
- Table 2 shows the heat treatment carried out on these test materials and the observed precipitation state of the precipitates
- Table 3 shows the magnetic properties (magnetic flux density and iron loss) of the obtained steel sheets.
- Table 3 also shows the results of evaluation as VG: very good, G: excellent, F: effective, B: conventional level, depending on iron loss.
- the magnetic properties were evaluated according to JIS C 2550: 2000.
- W15 / 50 W / kg was evaluated.
- W15 / 50 is the iron loss when the frequency is 50 Hz and the maximum magnetic flux density is 1.5T.
- the magnetic flux density was evaluated using B50.
- B50 indicates the magnetic flux density at a magnetic field strength of 5000 A / m.
- the minimum target value of B50 was set to 1.65T which is equivalent to the conventional material.
- the iron loss evaluation criteria for the samples were as follows.
- XRD measurement was performed by wide-angle X-ray diffraction using Cu K ⁇ rays described in Non-Patent Documents 4 to 6 as a probe. Moreover, the precipitate observation was performed by etching a cross section perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel sheet and measuring by SEM observation. At that time, after observing 10 fields of view of 100 ⁇ m 2 , polishing was performed by about 20 ⁇ m, and 10 fields of view of 100 ⁇ m 2 were observed, and this was repeated 5 times.
- Example 2 Ingots having the chemical components shown in Table 4 were melted in vacuum, the ingot was heated at 1150 ° C., and hot-rolled to a hot-rolling finishing temperature of 850 ° C. to obtain a hot-rolled steel plate having a thickness of 2.3 mm. After annealing, the sheet was pickled and cold-rolled at a reduction rate of 85% to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm. Thereafter, finish annealing was performed at a holding temperature of T1 + 50 ° C. and a holding time of 45 seconds. Thereafter, furnace cooling was performed such that the average cooling rates of T1 to T2 ° C. and T2 to T3 ° C.
- Example 5 shows the X-ray diffraction results, the precipitation state of the precipitates, the magnetic properties (magnetic flux density and iron loss), the brittleness and the comprehensive evaluation results. Evaluation similar to Example 1 was performed about the measurement of the X-ray diffraction, the magnetic characteristic, and the measurement of the precipitate. Furthermore, in the present Example, the bending test was done based on JISC2550: 2000 as workability evaluation. When it broke at the number of times of bending, it was rejected because the processing characteristics were insufficient, and the level at which the number of times of bending exceeded 2 and did not break was defined as pass (PASS).
- PASS pass
- Example 3 Steel grade No. shown in Table 4
- the ingot having the component of H23 was heated at 1100 ° C. and hot-rolled so that the finishing temperature was 850 ° C. and the coiling temperature was 630 ° C. to obtain a hot-rolled sheet having a thickness of 2.0 mm.
- This hot rolled plate was subjected to finish annealing under the conditions shown in Table 5, and in some examples, hot rolled plate annealing was performed at 1000 ° C. for 120 seconds.
- Table 6 shows other production conditions, X-ray diffraction results, precipitation state of precipitates, and evaluation results of magnetic properties (magnetic flux density and iron loss). Evaluation similar to Example 1 was performed about the measurement of the X-ray diffraction, the magnetic characteristic, and the measurement of the precipitate.
Abstract
Description
本願は、2013年04月09日に、日本に出願された特願2013-081078号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
そこで、従来、無方向性電磁鋼板の鉄損の改善を目的に、熱延における硫化物の析出制御、脱硫による硫化物の低減方法、仕上焼鈍後の急速冷却によるCu硫化物の析出抑制などの方法が提案されてきた。
I2θ=46.4/I2θ=32.3≦0.5 ・・・・式1
T1=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-273・・・・式2
T2=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-323・・・・式3
T3=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-473・・・・式4
CR1>CR2・・・・式5
5≦CR1≦500・・・・式6
0.5≦CR2≦50・・・・式7
ここで、[%Cu]はCuの質量%での含有量、[%S]はSの質量%での含有量である。
CR1>20・・・・式8
CR2≦20・・・・式9
なお、本発明の上記態様によれば、方向性電磁鋼板において求められる鉄損以外の特性(磁束密度や加工性など)は、従来材と同等以上を確保できる。
Cは磁気時効によって鉄損を著しく劣化させる。そのため、C含有量の上限を0.01%とする。鉄損改善の観点からはC含有量は0.0020%以下であることが好ましい。一方で、C含有量が0.0001%未満であると、磁束密度が劣化する。そのため、十分な磁束密度を確保するため、C含有量の下限を0.0001%とする。C含有量は、好ましくは0.0005~0.0015%、より好ましくは0.0007~0.0010%である。
Si含有量は鉄損の確保と通板性との兼ね合いから0.05~7.0%とする。Si含有量が0.05%未満では良好な鉄損が得られない。一方で、Si含有量が7.0%を超えると鋼板が脆化し、製造工程での通板性が顕著に劣化する。Si含有量は、好ましくは2.3~3.5%であり、より好ましくは2.9~3.3%であり、更に好ましくは3.0~3.2%である。
MnはSと反応して硫化物を形成するので、本発明では重要な元素である。鋼中にMnが存在する場合、MnSが析出することにより、Cu硫化物の結晶構造の転移温度が低下する。このような場合、Cubic構造を有するCu硫化物は生成しづらくなる。そのため、Mn含有量の上限を3.0%とする。一方、Mn含有量が0.01%未満であると、熱間圧延時に鋼板が脆化する。そのため、Mn含有量の下限を0.01%とする。Mn含有量は、好ましくは0.05%~2.0%、より好ましくは、0.1~1.0%である。
Alは鋼中に固溶することで鋼の電気抵抗を高め、鉄損を低下させる。そのため、鉄損の改善(低鉄損化)のためには、鋼中のAl含有量を多くする方が有利である。しかしながら、Al含有量の高い溶鋼は鋳造時の操業性を悪化させるとともに、鋼板の脆化を招く。そのため、Al含有量の上限を3.0%とする。一方、Al含有量が少ないと、鋼板の粒成長を促進するAlNが十分に生成せず、AlNの代わりに、結晶粒成長を阻害する微細TiNが生成し、磁束密度が顕著に劣化する。そのためAl含有量の下限を0.0020%とする。Al含有量は、好ましくは0.1~2.0%、更に好ましくは1.0~1.5%である。
S含有量は硫化物量に直接関係する。S含有量が過剰であると、Sが固溶状態で鋼中に存在し、熱間圧延時に鋼が脆化する。そのため、S含有量の上限を0.1%とする。一方で、S含有量が0.0001%未満ではCu硫化物(Cubic)の析出温度域(後述のT2~T3℃の温度域)が鋼板の粒成長温度に比べて大きく低下するので、鉄損改善効果が得られない。そのため、S含有量の下限を0.0001%とする。S含有量は、好ましくは0.01~0.05%であり、より好ましくは0.02~0.03%である。
Pは鋼板の硬度を高め、打ち抜き性を向上させる作用を有する。また、微量のPは磁束密度を改善する効果を有する。これらの効果を得るため、P含有量の下限を0.0010%とする。ただし、P含有量が過剰になると磁束密度が劣化するのでP含有量の上限を0.15%とする。P含有量は、好ましくは0.005~0.1%であり、より好ましくは0.01~0.07%である。
Nは、Tiなどと窒化物を形成する元素である。N含有量が過剰であるとTiNなどの窒化物の析出量が多くなり、この窒化物が結晶粒の成長を阻害する。そのためN含有量の上限を0.01%とする。ただし、Nを微量に含有することで微細なTiCの析出を抑制し、鋼板の粒成長を促進する効果が得られる。そのため、十分な磁束密度を確保する目的で、N含有量の下限を0.0010%とする。N含有量は、好ましくは0.0030~0.0080%であり、より好ましくは0.0040~0.0080%であり、さらに好ましくは0.0050~0.0070%である。
CuはMnと同様に硫化物を形成する元素であり、特に重要な元素である。Cu含有量が多すぎると、Cuが鋼板中に固溶し、固溶Cuが熱間圧延中の鋼板の脆化をもたらす。そのため、Cu含有量の上限を5.0%とする。一方、熱間圧延中に、MnSよりも優先的にCu硫化物を析出させるには、Cu硫化物の生成温度を高温化することが必須であり、Cu含有量の下限を0.01%とする必要がある。Cu含有量は、好ましくは0.1~1.5%であり、より好ましくは0.8~1.2%である。
本発明者らは、鋼板中に含まれるCu硫化物の構造として、少なくとも2種類の構造が存在することを知見している。一つはCubic構造(立方晶構造)であり、もう一方はHexagonal構造(最密六方晶構造)である。Cubic構造は安定相であり、Hexagonal構造は準安定相である。
硫化物は、鋼板中での存在を完全になくすことが困難であるので、本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁では、Sを積極的にCu硫化物として析出させることに加え、析出するCu硫化物について、Cubic構造を有する硫化物が主体となるように制御することで鉄損の劣化を回避する。そのため、Cu硫化物の結晶構造の制御が非常に重要である。
本実施形態においては、例えば鋼板の電解抽出残渣に対してX線回折(XRD)を行ったとき、2θ=46.4±2°におけるCu硫化物(Hexagonal)の回折強度であるI2θ=46.4と、2θ=32.3±2°におけるCu硫化物(Cubic)の回折強度であるI2θ=32.3とが、下記式1の条件を満たすように制御する。
I2θ=46.4/I2θ=32.3≦0.5・・・・式1
図1に示すように、I2θ=46.4/I2θ=32.3が小さくなると、鉄損が改善する。
I2θ=46.4/I2θ=32.3の下限は特に限定する必要はないが、Hexagonal構造のCu硫化物が存在しない場合、0となるので、これを下限としてもよい。
なお、本実施形態において、Cu硫化物(Hexagonal)とは、Hexagonal構造を有するCu硫化物を示し、Cu硫化物(Cubic)とは、Cubic構造を有するCu硫化物を示す。また、回折ピークの同定は結晶格子のデータベースであるJCPDS-CARDを用いて照合すればよい。例えば、Cu硫化物(Hexagonal)はJCPDS-CARD:00-023-0958、Cu硫化物(Cubic)はJCPDS-CARD:00-024-0051などを用いて同定が可能である。なお、鉄中のCu硫化物においては、FeやMn原子の固溶などによって、Cu対Sの化学結合比は1対1~2対1の範囲で変動する。そのため、2θには、誤差の範囲である±2°を含む。一般的に、XRD回折強度とはスペクトルのバックグラウンドからピークまでの高さである。本実施形態におけるXRD回折強度(ピーク強度)も、非特許文献3、4に記載あるソフトウェアを用いてバックグラウンドを除去して求めた。
さらに、質量%でのMn含有量を[%Mn]としたとき、([%Cu]×[%Mn])/[%S]≧2を満たす場合が鉄損改善の観点でより一層好ましい。([%Cu]×[%Mn])/[%S]≧2とすることにより鉄損が改善する理由は明確ではないが、本発明者らは、Mnの影響によりCu硫化物(Cubic)の生成が促進される傾向にあるためと考えている。更に好ましくは([%Cu]×[%Mn])/[%S]≧15である。
Cu硫化物については、その結晶構造がCubic構造を有する硫化物主体とする必要があり、上述の通りXRDによって得られたX線回折強度が、I2θ=46.4/I2θ=32.3≦0.5を満足すればよい。一方で、顕微鏡による直接観察を行った場合には、観察されるCu硫化物の多くがCubic構造であること、すなわちCubic構造を有するCu硫化物の体積分率が、Cu硫化物全体の50%以上であることが好ましい。Cubic構造を有するCu硫化物の体積分率は、より好ましくは66.7%以上であり、さらに好ましくは80%以上である。ここで、Cu硫化物とは、Cu硫化物単独の析出物だけでなく、MnS、TiSなどの他の硫化物、酸化物や炭化物と複合析出した場合も含む。更にはMnやFeなど金属原子がCu硫化物に固溶した、Cu(Mn)SやCu(Fe)Sなどの析出物も含む。
Cu硫化物がMnSと複合析出している場合は、電解抽出残渣を用いて行ったX線回折(XRD)において2θ=34.3°のMn硫化物(cubic)の回折強度であるI2θ=34.3と、2θ=32.3°のCu硫化物(Cubic)の回折強度であるI2θ=32.3が、下記式1-2の条件を満たすことが好ましい。
0.001<I2θ=32.3/I2θ=34.3<10・・・・式1-2
0.02<I2θ=32.3/I2θ=34.3<5を満たすことがより好ましく、0.05<I2θ=32.3/I2θ=34.3<1.5を満たすことがさらに好ましい。
本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板は、通常の電磁鋼板と同様に転炉で溶製され、連続鋳造された鋼片に、熱間圧延、熱延板焼鈍、冷間圧延、仕上焼鈍などを行うことによって製造できる。
熱間圧延については直送熱延や、連続熱延などの熱延方法およびスラブ加熱温度によらず、鉄損改善効果を享受できる。冷間圧延については二回以上冷延、温間圧延などの冷延方法及び冷延圧下率によらず、鉄損改善効果を享受できる。これらの工程に加え、絶縁皮膜の形成や脱炭工程などを経ても構わない。また、通常の工程ではなく急冷凝固法による薄帯の製造や熱延工程を省略する薄スラブ、連続鋳造法などの工程によって製造しても問題ない。
しかしながら、本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板を得る場合、仕上焼鈍工程において、以下に説明するような熱履歴を経ることが重要である。すなわち、(A)仕上焼鈍においてCu硫化物を全量固溶させること、及び(B)Cubic構造を有するCu硫化物以外の硫化物が析出する温度域での滞留時間を短縮するとともに、Cubic構造を有するCu硫化物[Cu硫化物(Cubic)]が析出する温度域での滞留時間を長くすることが重要である。
T1=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-273・・・・式2
T2=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-323・・・・式3
T3=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-473・・・・式4
ここで、[%Cu]はCuの質量%での含有量、[%S]はSの質量%での含有量である。
以下、これらの温度に基づいた硫化物制御方法について説明する。
本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板においては、Cu硫化物の計算固溶温度であるT1℃以上で30秒以上保持することでCu硫化物を全量固溶させることが可能となる。保持温度がT1℃未満では十分にCu硫化物を固溶させることができず、Hexagonal構造を有するか、または冷延により結晶格子が破壊されたCu硫化物が残留し、鉄損に悪影響を及ぼすため好ましくない。ただし、TiSなどの硫化物が固溶し、それらが冷却中に微細析出して鋼板粒成長を抑制し、延いては磁束密度および鉄損を劣化させる場合があるので、確実にCu硫化物を固溶させかつ、他の硫化物の固溶をなるべく回避する保持温度として、好ましくはT1+30℃以上T1+200℃以下であり、より好ましくはT1+50℃以上T1+100℃以下である。ただし、鋼板が融点を超えてしまうと、通板不可能となるため、T1の上限は1530℃とする。
また、保持時間が30秒以内では十分に固溶が進まない。より確実にCu硫化物を固溶させるには、保持時間を35秒以上とすることが好ましい。一方で、長時間加熱すると、析出速度の遅いTiSなどの他の硫化物が生成し、鉄損改善に有利なCu硫化物(Cubic)の生成量が減る可能性がある。そのため、保持時間(T1℃以上の滞在時間)は3600秒以下が好ましく、300秒以下がより好ましい。
本実施形態に係る無方向性電磁鋼板では、多くのCu硫化物を低温安定構造となるCubic構造として、硫化物全体における、Cubic構造を有するCu硫化物[Cu硫化物(Cubic)]の割合を高めることで鉄損改善の効果を得る。
Cu硫化物(Cubic)の割合を高めるには、なるべく多くの固溶SをCu硫化物(Cubic)として析出させる必要がある。そのためには、Cu硫化物の固溶温度T1℃からCu硫化物(Cubic)の析出開始温度T2℃の温度域を急冷することによって、冷却中にCu硫化物以外の硫化物が析出することを可能な限り回避すること、及び、Cu硫化物(Cubic)の析出温度域である、T2~T3℃で一定時間保持するにより、Cu硫化物(Cubic)を十分に析出させることが重要である。
具体的には、Cu硫化物の固溶温度T1℃~Cu硫化物(Cubic)の析出開始温度T2℃の平均冷却速度をCR1(℃/秒)とし、T1℃~Cu硫化物(Cubic)の析出温度域である、T2℃~T3℃までの平均冷却速度をCR2(℃/秒)としたとき、下記の式5~7を満足するように、鋼板をT3℃以下の温度まで冷却する。
CR1>CR2・・・・式5
5≦CR1≦500・・・・式6
0.5≦CR2≦50・・・・式7
一方、CR1を500℃/秒超とすることは、設備上困難であるので、上限を500℃/秒としてもよい。好ましいCR1の上限は、300℃/秒である。
一方で、CR2が0.5℃/秒未満であると、生産性が低下するため好ましくない。そのため、CR2の下限を0.5℃/秒とする。CR2の下限は、好ましくは1℃/秒である。
T2℃以下T3℃以上の温度範囲における均熱時間(保持時間)としては35秒以上3600秒以下が好ましく、35秒以上300℃以下が好ましい。
さらに、仕上焼鈍時の平均昇温速度を100℃/秒以下の徐加熱にすることで、よりCu硫化物は固溶しやすくなるので好ましい。
ここで、室温とは、JIS C2556記載された23±5℃を示す。
表1に示す成分のインゴットを真空溶解し、このインゴットを1150℃で加熱し、熱延仕上温度を875℃、巻取温度を630℃として熱延し、板厚2.0mmの熱延鋼板とした。この熱延鋼板に、熱延板焼鈍を行い、酸洗を経て圧下率75%で冷間圧延し、板厚0.50mmの冷延鋼板とした。これら試験材に実施した熱処理および観察された析出物の析出状態を表2に、得られた各鋼板の磁気特性(磁束密度および鉄損)を表3に示す。鉄損に応じて、VG:非常に優れる、G:優れる、F:効果がみられる、B:従来レベル として評価した結果も表3に示す。
なお、磁気特性の評価はJIS C 2550:2000に準じて行った。鉄損については、W15/50(W/kg)を評価した。W15/50は、周波数50Hz、最大磁束密度1.5Tのときの鉄損である。また、磁束密度については、B50を用いて評価した。B50は、磁界の強さ5000A/mにおける磁束密度を示す。なお、B50の最低目標値を従来材と同等である1.65Tとした。
試料の鉄損評価基準は、以下の通りとした。
VG(VeryGood):W15/50(W/kg)<2.28
G(Good):2.28≦W15/50(W/kg)<2.36
F(Fair):2.36≦W15/50(W/kg)<2.50
B(Bad):2.50≦W15/50(W/kg)
熱延破断、冷延破断により磁気特性の測定に至らなかった試料についてもB(Bad)とした。
また、X線回折には非特許文献4及び5に記載されている一般的な抽出残渣法により介在物のみをフィルターで捕集したものを分析試料として用いた。XRD測定は非特許文献4~6に記載のCu Kα線をプローブとした広角X線回折により行った。
また、析出物観察は、鋼板の圧延方向に垂直な断面をエッチングし、SEM観察により測定した。その際、100μm2の視野を10視野観察後、約20μm研磨し、100μm2の視野を10視野観察、これを5回繰り返した。
表4に示す化学成分を有するインゴットを真空溶解し、このインゴットを1150℃で加熱し、熱延仕上温度が850℃となるように熱延して板厚2.3mmの熱延鋼板とし、熱延板焼鈍後、酸洗し、圧下率85%で冷間圧延し、板厚0.5mmの冷延鋼板とした。その後、仕上焼鈍を保持温度T1+50℃、保持時間45秒で行った。その後、T1~T2℃および、T2~T3℃の平均冷却速度を、それぞれ35℃/秒、15℃/秒となるように炉冷却を行った。X線回折結果、析出物の析出状態、磁気特性(磁束密度および鉄損)、脆性及び総合評価結果を表5に示す。
X線回折、磁気特性の測定、析出物の測定については、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。さらに、本実施例では、加工性の評価としてJIS C 2550:2000に基づいて繰曲げ試験を行った。繰曲回数1回で破断した場合には、加工特性が不十分として不合格、繰曲回数が2回を超えて破断しなかった水準を合格(PASS)とした。
そして、繰曲げ試験で破断した場合には、鉄損に関わらず評価:Bとし、繰曲げ試験が合格であったものについて、鉄損で評価を行った。なお、圧延中に破断したなどの理由で繰曲げ試験を行えなかった試料ついては、試験結果を「‐」と示している。
表4に示す鋼種No.H23の成分を有するインゴットを、1100℃で加熱し、仕上温度が850℃、巻取温度が630℃となるように熱延して板厚2.0mmの熱延板とした。この熱延版に、表5に示す条件で仕上焼鈍を実施し、一部の実施例については、熱延板焼鈍を1000℃で120秒行った。表6にその他の製造条件及びX線回折結果、析出物の析出状態、磁気特性(磁束密度および鉄損)の評価結果を示す。X線回折、磁気特性の測定、析出物の測定については、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
Claims (8)
- 化学成分が、質量%で、
C:0.0001~0.01%、
Si:0.05~7.0%、
Mn:0.01~3.0%、
Al:0.0020~3.0%、
S:0.0001~0.1%、
P:0.0010~0.15%、
N:0.0010~0.01%、
Cu:0.01~5.0%を含有し、
残部がFe及び不純物からなり;
電解抽出残渣に対するX線回折において得られる、2θ=46.4°に現れるHexagonal構造を有するCu硫化物の回折強度であるI2θ=46.4と、2θ=32.3°に現れるCubic構造を有するCu硫化物の回折強度であるI2θ=32.3とが、下記式1を満たす;
ことを特徴とする無方向性電磁鋼板。
I2θ=46.4/I2θ=32.3≦0.5 ・・・・式1 - 前記Cuの質量%での含有量を[%Cu]、前記Sの質量%での含有量を[%S]としたとき、前記[%Cu]と前記[%S]とが、[%Cu]/[%S]≧2.5を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
- Cuを含有し、かつ5~500nmの直径を有する硫化物を、0.5~50個/μm3含むこと特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板を製造する製造方法であって、
鋼片に熱間圧延を行い、熱延鋼板を得る熱延工程と;
前記熱延鋼板を焼鈍する熱延板焼鈍工程と;
前記熱延鋼板を酸洗する酸洗工程と;
前記熱延鋼板に冷間圧延を行い冷延鋼板を得る冷延工程と;
前記冷延鋼板を焼鈍する仕上焼鈍工程と;
を有し、
前記仕上焼鈍工程では、前記冷延鋼板に対して、下記式2で表されるT1~1530℃で30~3600秒の保持を行った後、前記T1℃から式3で表されるT2℃までの平均冷却速度を単位℃/秒でCR1とし、前記T2℃から式4で表されるT3℃までの平均冷却速度を単位℃/秒でCR2としたとき、前記CR1と前記CR2とが下記式5、式6及び式7を満たすように、前記冷延鋼板をT3℃以下の温度域まで冷却する
ことを特徴とする無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
T1=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-273・・・・式2
T2=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-323・・・・式3
T3=17000/(14-log10([%Cu]2×[%S]))-473・・・・式4
CR1>CR2・・・・式5
5≦CR1≦500・・・・式6
0.5≦CR2≦50・・・・式7
ここで、[%Cu]はCuの質量%での含有量、[%S]はSの質量%での含有量である。 - 前記CR1がさらに、下記式8を満たすことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
CR1>20・・・・式8 - 前記CR2がさらに、下記式9を満たすことを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
CR2≦20・・・・式9 - 前記仕上焼鈍工程に引き続いて、前記T2℃以下前記T3℃以上の温度範囲で30秒以上保持する追加焼鈍工程をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項4~6のいずれか一項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記熱延板焼鈍工程において、前記熱延鋼板を、前記T1℃から室温までの平均冷却速度であるCR3が15℃/秒以上となるように冷却することを特徴とする請求項4~7のいずれか一項に記載の無方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
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US20160273064A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
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