Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
  • E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
  • E01B2/003—Arrangement of tracks on bridges or in tunnels
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
  • E01D19/06—Arrangement, construction or bridging of expansion joints
  • E01D19/062—Joints having intermediate beams

Definitions

• Transitional structure and railway bridge with such a transitional construction Transitional structure and railway bridge with such a transitional construction.
• the present invention relates to a transition structure for supporting at least one rail in the region of a joint of a railway bridge and a railway bridge equipped with such a transitional structure.
• Such transitional structures are used in railway bridge construction when the free movements, in particular the vertical movements, of the cantilevered
• Bridge components (superstructure ends) in the joint area become so large that lifting and pushing forces in the rail support points are no longer within acceptable limits.
• Such twists occur in bridge girders from different load cases, for example, when a train rolls over the bridge and the bridge girder sags in the middle. Then the outer end of the bridge girder can turn upwards so that a height offset occurs between abutment and bridge girder or between two adjoining bridge girders, which leads to the mentioned deformations in the rails.
• the result is great lateral forces and bending moments in the rails, which in extreme cases can lead to breakage of the rails.
• such constructions also serve to compensate for the relative longitudinal displacements on the bridge components or superstructure ends, so that the maximum permissible values for the distances of the rail support points in the rail longitudinal direction are maintained in the joint area. This also serves to protect the rails from excessive stress in the region of the joint.
• a disadvantage of the "bump” system is that the compensation plate tilts, especially when the bridge components forming the joint are tilted, because the plate is mounted at four points and thus statically indefinitely If one of the bearings shifts beyond this limit, the plate begins to tilt, which can adversely affect the durability of the overall transition structure and also be detrimental to noise protection
• the “Stog” solution is to be found in the fact that the attachment of the transitional construction plates, especially in a superstructure of the type "slab track” to the fact that the plates tilt even more amplified, especially if they are above a seal, so it can be downright pumping the superstructure board of the slab track, then too can be found in the attached balance plate. This is therefore subject to considerable wear especially when connecting to the slab track.
• the system BWG is known, which has been published, for example, in the international patent application WO 94/12729 A.
• the system BWG is a carrier grid system in which the sleepers close to the edge of the joint (hereinafter also referred to as edge thresholds).
• the sleepers arranged in the joint are referred to below as joint sleepers, and the slidably suspended seam sleepers then bear the rails "is that the sleepers are not only suspended from the carriers, but that the threshold distances are set via a likewise mounted on the threshold control device within the joint or transition structure.
• the control device is designed as a scissors construction.
• this scissor construction has proven to be disadvantageous in practice. So it has come to the system "BWG" already fractures of the scissors construction.
• the invention is therefore based on the object, a transitional construction for the support of at least one rail in the region of a joint of a railway bridge and a Specify a railway bridge, in which the wear is reduced, the overall maintenance and repair costs are reduced and the loads on the rail and the rail fasteners in the joint area are further reduced.
• the transition structure according to the invention thus has at least two displaceably mounted trusses for bridging the joint, at least one attached to the trusses joint threshold for supporting the at least one rail in the region of the joint and at least one control device for aligning the position of the joint threshold in the transition structure.
• the respective joint sill has in each case at least one rail fastening, with which the respective joint sill can be slidably connected to the rail.
• traverse Under a traverse here is an elongated carrier to understand any cross-section. So can be used as traverses double-T or box-shaped carrier.
• any devices can be used, which ensure that the joint sill or the trusses are arranged in the joint, that adjusts the most even distribution of the existing between the joint sleepers and the edge free-spaces.
• the control device ensures that the distances between the rail support points arranged on the seam sleeper and the seam sleepers are as uniform as possible and in any case kept within the required limits.
• a control device can serve one or more springs or a scissors construction or the like.
• the trusses and the control device are now arranged below the at least one joint threshold. This should be understood to mean that the trusses and the control device are located below an area spanned by the edge sleepers and the at least one joint sill.
• the transitional construction on at least one of its lateral ends at least one truss box for supporting at least one end of the trusses at the edges of the joint.
• this is a storage of the respective traverse only at one of the joint edges. Therefore, in such a case, the traverse expedient manner resistant to bending at the joint edge - that is in the truss box - stored or clamped.
• the transition structure has at its two se side ends at least two truss boxes for supporting both lateral ends of the trusses at the edges of the joint.
• the transition structure can then be connected load-bearing with the joints forming the components of the railway bridge.
• the truss boxes serve to anchor the transition structure and the bearing of the trusses in the transition structure. They can be designed like a box with an opening for the trusses.
• the term of the truss boxes should hereby be understood very broadly. So they do not necessarily have to be boxy. Basically conceivable - and should be explicitly included in the focus of these claims - also other solutions in which one clamps the trusses or on any kind of bearing surfaces can move back and forth, such as bearing plates, recesses in the components of the railway bridge or the like. However, the trusses should be secured against slipping out.
• the solution according to the invention consists in the fact that on the one hand, despite the problems with the system "BWG" on the support grid, the basic principle for the solution according to the invention is held in. It is just not the solution which is quite common in Germany according to the system "Stög” with the common one chosen as indestructible balance plate. Because the transition structure designed in the manner of a carrier grid can be designed to be considerably softer around the longitudinal axis than the plate solution according to the "Stög” system, with great flexural rigidity along the longitudinal axis, so that larger torsions can be accommodated between the structural parts forming the joint, without that the construction is damaged, and there are no rattling noises within the structure, for example because parts are not lying well supported.
• the approach according to the invention is based on the finding that it is better if the traverses and the control device are no longer arranged above the thresholds but below the thresholds together with the anchoring points (truss boxes) of the transitional structure.
• This approach which up to now has not been considered useful in railway bridge construction, is based on the realization that it makes no sense at all to design the control device, as in the BWG system, to be open at the top and not covered by the building components. So you can not just perform the maintenance of the top, but just open at the top Execution may be caused by external influences easily damage to the control device but also to the load transfer elements. Furthermore, the maintenance from the bottom has the great advantage that adjacent tracks need not be locked during maintenance.
• the arrangement of the trusses below the threshold has the very important advantage that the forces from the sleepers or the rail supports are introduced directly into the building structure of the railway bridge and not indirectly via the sleepers or an adjacent superstructure of a fixed carriageway.
• the number of loaded track components, in particular the sleepers or the superstructure boards of the slab track, thus decreases according to the invention. This reduces the maintenance and wear of the track.
• control device is designed so that a distance between the thresholds is less than or equal to a limit, in particular a limit of 650 mm, is maintained. This prevents the maximum distance of the rail support points from being exceeded.
• the transitional construction is targeted so torsionally soft designed that they can record in the installed state torsions of the building parts to each other about the longitudinal axis of the railway bridge or the rail.
• the design is thus designed specifically for receiving torsion.
• the construction should then be designed to be so soft that it can absorb torsion-free, in particular at least the twists occurring in the normal state of use.
• At least one traverse has a height varying in the longitudinal direction, preferably increasing toward the center of the traverse. It is thus a Traverse formed in the manner of a fishbone carrier, which has a particularly high bending stiffness in the middle region. Thus, the deflection of the transition structure can be kept very small when loading the transition structure by a train rolling on the rail.
• the height of at least one truss box is less than the maximum height of the male traversed by him. Because in principle, the entire traverse does not necessarily have to be pushed into the truss box. Rather, it is often sufficient to achieve the advantages of the invention when the cross member can only partially enter the truss box. For example, in the sense of an acceptable compromise, it should be understood that, for example, in a construction with several joint sleepers, it is assumed that the joints Thresholds can not be driven together. The advantages in terms of reducing the stresses within the rail due to the higher stiffness of the crossbar are so much greater that in many cases a limited movement capacity can actually be tolerated very well.
• control device should be designed so that an impact of the trusses on the truss box is prevented in the normal use state. This ensures that there is no damage to the trusses or truss boxes. This can be done, for example, by correspondingly suitable stops or via the control devices limited movements.
• Developing the truss boxes of the transitional construction are only designed so high that they can be installed in the respectively defining the joint components of the railway bridge in such a way that they are above any existing seal in the components of the railway bridge.
• the inventive transition structure can also be installed without any problems in an existing bridge, or the bridges can be independent of the
• a swivel head construction is used as the control device.
• at least one crossmember is designed as a pivoting traverse, which is pivotally held in one of the truss boxes, and on which the at least one Fugenschweile is not only displaceable but also rotatably mounted relative to the pivoting beam.
• the particular advantage of a swivel handle design as a control device is that it is a control that works extremely reliably due to geometric laws ⁇ Polstrahl tenuung).
• the control is based on the laws of geometry. This has just in embodiments with multiple joints sleepers the advantage that each individual joint threshold can be controlled independently of the other joint sleepers. This is also the case if individual joints of the joint sill and truss fail.
• a control device is (unlike the conventional systems) is not a series connection of different joints thresholds, for example by means of springs, but a parallel connection of the position adjustment of the thresholds in the region of the joint. If it comes with such a parallel circuit to break a single point of attachment, so can still be adjusted and controlled in their position, the other joints sleepers. This is not possible with the conventional series connections (system "Stög” and system of "BWG"). If it comes here to break a single control element of the control device, then the entire position positioning of all other joints sleepers, or behind one another hung panels fails.
• a control device designed as a swing-arm construction can be well designed as positively controlled control. This works even more reliable.
• the threshold (s) and / or trusses will or will not move until certain constraining forces have been built up in the structure. This can be controlled selectively, for example by performing the fastenings of the threshold (s) on the trusses in the form of Kiemmungen or the like.
• the storage of the trusses can be carried out as well. As a result, the construction will not move in the desired manner until certain constraints in the structure have been overcome which overcome the clamping or holding forces. If the constraints are then reduced by a certain amount of movement (s), the movement ends again by itself.
• a control cross-piece extending parallel to the at least one rail is arranged below the at least one joint threshold. This serves to adjust the position of the joint sleepers. It can be used for load transfer. However, this is preferably not done, since in this way control and load transfer are carried out separately from one another and the desired behavior of the construction is set particularly reliably.
• the control beam with the at least one joint threshold shear-resistant with the interposition of a gap is connected so that they possible no vertical pressure loads from the joint threshold or the Joint sleepers absorbs.
• the at least one joint sleeper can be fastened to the control crosspiece with the aid of a drawbar so that the joint sleeper is clamped against at least one control crossbeam. So it is possible to adapt the transitional construction specifically to the existing displacements and rotations in the building. In such a way that tensile forces in the rail attachment points at the joint sleepers or expansion thresholds in the area of the joint edges can be avoided or kept below the permissible values.
• the trusses are held by means arranged in the truss boxes NOTEkipplagern. So a great freedom of movement is given. They can be designed as a particularly stiff spherical bearing, so as to produce at the lateral edges of the transition structure, ie the load application points of the trusses, particularly high, in particular vertical, stiffness. As a result, the entire transition structure deforms considerably less and thus introduces considerably reduced tensile forces into the rail fastening points in comparison with the prior art.
• the mandatkipplager can also be designed as a plain bearing in turn, if in these areas, the trusses are to be kept displaceable.
• At least one joint sleeper in its position only on one of the trusses preferably the control beam of a swivel rail construction rotatably but immovably held. It is particularly expedient if such a fixed joint threshold is located in the middle of the joint.
• the movement of the joint sill (s) can be divided symmetrically in the transition structure, whereby the joint sill, together with the traverse to which it is attached, can move back and forth in the joint.
• at least one further joint sill in its position on one of the trusses, preferably the control beam of a swivel-type crane construction can be held rotatably and displaceably. This can rub the non-displaceably held on the control beam joint threshold be further joints sleepers, which can then be moved back and forth on the truss, so as to take into account the opening or closing movements of the joint.
• the transitional structure serves to support two rails.
• two swiveling traverses are then expediently arranged in the transitional construction in such a way that, when installed, they are arranged in the center of the joint below the respective rail and obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the transitional structure. This is so that the swiveling crosses in plan view cross the rails in the center of the joint. If then also arranged in the center of the joint seam threshold is held immovably on one of the swivel rail construction, it can be generated by this type a symmetrical distribution of the movements of the trusses in the transition structure. It is therefore a self-centering transitional construction.
• a control traverse extending in the longitudinal axis of the transitional construction is then arranged between the two pivoting traverses.
• the control beam should move parallel to the rails within the transition structure. It thus ensures that the joint sleepers fastened in it set the same joint distances between the joint sleepers during movement of the pivoting traverses and these do not move laterally.
• the transitional construction has an even number of joint sleepers, but at least two. Of which, at least one of the joint center adjacent grout threshold should be fixed immovably on at least one of the trusses, the remaining (n) Fugenschwelle (s) in Traversenlijnscardi slidably on the trusses (5, 6, 7) is attached or are.
• the transition structure has an odd number of joints, but at least three.
• at least one joint threshold should be arranged in the middle of the traverse or the center of the joint gap and fixed there immovably on the trusses.
• the rest of the joint sleepers should be slidably mounted on the trusses in the longitudinal direction of the trusses.
• an edge threshold is non-displaceably arranged on the truss box or on the truss boxes of the respective joint side, which in turn each has at least one rail fastening, in which the rail can move relative to the edge rail in rail longitudinal axis.
• the entire system of the transitional design can be designed as a torsionally constraining overall design that has a large safety buffer for unplanned or unanticipated loads.
• sealing profiles for sealing the gap are arranged between the thresholds. So a similar high sealing of the joint gap can be achieved as with a plate.
• the sealing profiles can also have a sound-damping effect.
• transitional construction is designed as a completely assembled assembly that can be installed in one piece in the railway bridge. This simplifies the installation of the entire construction.
• the invention extends not only to the transition structure as such but also to a railway bridge equipped with such a transition structure.
• This has a joint between two mutually movable components, wherein over the joint at least one rail comprehensive track and a transition structure according to the invention is arranged.
• the truss boxes of the transitional construction are attached to the structural parts of the bridge and preferably embedded in this. It comes thus to a direct load introduction of the forces to be introduced by the transition structure in the bridge structure parts, without the parts of the track body, such as the sleepers or the fixed roadway are structurally loaded by the transition structure. This reduces the wear on the track components and also represents an effective measure to reduce the wear of the transition construction itself.
• the railway bridge has a maintenance passage in the area of the gap to be bridged by the transition structure, which is designed so large that tion and / or repair work on the transition structure can be carried out from below.
• a maintenance passage in the area of the gap to be bridged by the transition structure which is designed so large that tion and / or repair work on the transition structure can be carried out from below.
• the bending stiffness of the transition structure in the longitudinal direction designed so large that at a rotation of the joint forming components of the railway bridge in their use, due to the associated height offset in the rail attachment points of the joint threshold (s) and / or edge thresholds do not divide tensile forces that greater than 20 kN.
• the rigidity of the transition structure is thus targeted so targeted that the desired maximum forces are not exceeded in the rail attachment points.
• Fig. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment of an inventive
• FIG. 7 shows a plan view of a second exemplary embodiment of a transitional construction according to the invention.
• Fig. Fig. 8 shows the section A-A through the transition structure shown in Fig. 7;
• FIG. 9 shows section B-B through the transition structure shown in FIG. 7;
• FIG. 10 shows the section C-C through the transition structure shown in FIG. 7;
• Fig. 1 1 shows the section D-D through the transition structure shown in Fig. 7;
• FIG. 12 shows the section E-E through the transition structure shown in FIG. 7
• FIG. and Fig. 13 shows the section F-F through the transition structure shown in Fig. 7;
• FIG. 14 shows a plan view of the transition structure shown in FIG. 7 in a position of the joint sleepers which is as close as possible to one another;
• FIG. 16 shows a plan view of the transition structure shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 14 in a position which can be moved as far as possible apart; 17 shows the section DD through the transition structure shown in Figure 16 in the widest possible position moved apart.
• Fig. 18 is a side view of a railway bridge according to the invention.
• Fig. 19 is a plan view of the railway bridge shown in Fig. 18.
• FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a transitional construction 1 according to the invention for supporting at least one rail 2 in the region of a joint 3 of a railway bridge 4.
• the embodiments shown here of the transitional structures according to the invention have three displaceably mounted cross members 5, 6, 7.
• a centrally arranged in the joint 3 threshold 8 is fixed, which will be referred to in the following because of their arrangement in the joint 3 as a joint threshold.
• each edge 1 1 and 12 arranged immovably.
• a swivel head construction is used as the control device 14, so that the trusses 5, 6, 7 ultimately also form the control device 14. Not only the traverses but also the control device below the joint sleepers 8, 9, 10 are arranged according to the invention. This is independent of whether it is a swivel handle construction or another type of control device such as spring or scissors construction.
• the embodiments shown here have a total of four Traverserikavien.
• three Traverserikavien 15, 16 and 17 are arranged on the left side, in which the left ends of the trusses 5, 6, 7 are held.
• a common truss box 18 is arranged, which receives the three right ends of the three trusses 5, 6, 7 and in which these ends are held.
• the truss boxes 15, 18, 17 arranged on the left are connected to one another by sheet metal pieces 19, which are anchored by means of anchoring webs 20 in the left bridge component 21 or in the right bridge component 22, or embedded in concrete in the embodiment shown here.
• the bridge components 20 and 21 are only hinted at for a better understanding of the invention.
• the two embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 are a control device 14 in the form of a pivoting-arm construction.
• the trusses 6 and 7 are designed as swivel traverses, which are pivotally mounted in the truss boxes 16, 17 and 18.
• the cross member 5 acts as a control beam which ensures, in particular in the embodiment of FIG. 7, that upon pivoting of the pivoting traverses 6 and 7, the joint sleepers 9 and 10 displaceably mounted on them move rectified in their spacing on the cross members 5, 6 and 7 can and do not lean out left or right.
• the joint sleepers 8, 9 and 10 are each secured by means of a drawbar 23 to the control beam 5, that a gap of a few millimeters height between the traverse 5 and the respective joint sleeper 8, 9, 10 is present in the assembled state ,
• the control beam 5 thus assumes no pressure loads from the joint sleepers 8, 9, 10 but only serves to adjust the control of the device in the sense that the distances between the thresholds 8, 9, 10, 1 1, 12 are set uniformly.
• the two trained as a swivel traverse trusses 6, 7 take on the other hand, the vertical load transfer. They are pivotally connected via pins with the joint sleepers 8, 9, 10 and the two edge ties 1 1, 12.
• transition structure 1 In order to build the transition structure 1 as possible without constraint, are in all mounting points of the trusses and the trusses 5, 6, 7 and the joint sleepers 8, 9, 10 spring body 25, for example made of elastomer. To seal the entire transitional structure 1 is between the movable joints sleepers 8, 9, 10 and the edge thresholds 1 1 and 12 each have a flexible sealing element 28 is attached.
• the distance between the joint sleepers 8, 9, 10 is adjusted so that they do not touch, even if the transition structure is brought into its narrowest position, via the control beam 5 the control beam 5 then 15 and 18 is present at the edges of the truss boxes.
• the movement of the joint 3 is symmetrically received by the transition structure 1 so that the trusses 5, 6, 7 and also the joint sleepers 8, 9, 10 uniformly with respect to the joint 3 move.
• a railway bridge 4 having a bridge support 31 and abutment 32 and 33, wherein inventive transitional structures 1 between the bridge girder 31 and the respective abutment 32 and 33 is arranged so that the rail 2 in the area the joint 3 is supported by the transition structure 1 according to the invention.
• reference numeral 1 is shown between the bridge girder 31 and the respective abutment 32 and 33, wherein inventive transitional structures 1 between the bridge girder 31 and the respective abutment 32 and 33 is arranged so that the rail 2 in the area the joint 3 is supported by the transition structure 1 according to the invention.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
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• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
• Railway Tracks (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-03-28 DE DE102013205573.0A patent/DE102013205573A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2014
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