WO2014148841A1 - 전기화학소자용 분리막 및 그의 제조방법 - Google Patents
전기화학소자용 분리막 및 그의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014148841A1 WO2014148841A1 PCT/KR2014/002357 KR2014002357W WO2014148841A1 WO 2014148841 A1 WO2014148841 A1 WO 2014148841A1 KR 2014002357 W KR2014002357 W KR 2014002357W WO 2014148841 A1 WO2014148841 A1 WO 2014148841A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrochemical device
- separator
- film
- pores
- separation membrane
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separator for an electrochemical device and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, a separator for an electrochemical device capable of ensuring a smooth movement of lithium ions due to the formation of pores having an appropriate diameter and tortuosity. It relates to a manufacturing method.
- the lithium secondary battery is composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte, and a separator is generally disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode in order to prevent a phenomenon in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode are directly contacted and short-circuited.
- Separators for electrochemical devices have been prepared from various resins including polyolefin-based polymer resins such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
- polyolefin-based resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene have a low melting point of about 130 to 150 ° C., and are easily shrunk at high temperatures, thereby causing internal short circuits and explosions.
- a method of forming pores in the substrate of the separator for an electrochemical device a method of forming dry pores by controlling the crystallization kinetics after melting the raw material compound, and then mechanically forming pores in the stretching process, or electric BACKGROUND ART
- a wet pore forming method is known in which a raw material compound constituting a separator base material for chemical devices is melted, kneaded with a wax or the like and extruded, and then the wax is extracted to form pores.
- the separator substrate prepared in this manner did not have a porosity, ie, straightness, in which lithium ions can move smoothly.
- the present invention it is intended to provide a method for manufacturing a separator that can produce a separator from more various materials.
- the present invention provides a separator for an electrochemical device manufactured by the above method, a pore having a diameter and a degree of curvature for allowing lithium ions to move more smoothly, and an appropriate air permeability (aeration time), and an electrochemical device including the same.
- an electrochemical device having pores having a diameter of 1 to 100 nm and a tortuosity in the range of 1 to 2 is formed in the film, and having an aeration time of 5 to 500 sec / 100 cc.
- a separator is provided.
- the pores may be formed in a cylindrical shape.
- the separator is a fluoropolymer, polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyester (polyester), polyacetal (polyacetal) , Polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenylenesulfidro , Polyethylenenaphthalene, polysulfone, cellulose acetate, and polystyrene may be based on one or two or more kinds selected from the group consisting of.
- an electrochemical device comprising an anode, a cathode, a separator interposed between an anode and a cathode, and an electrolyte solution
- the separator is the separator described above.
- the electrochemical device may be a lithium secondary battery.
- the etching solution is one or two or more selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). It may be a mixture.
- the ion beam may have an accelerating voltage magnitude ranging from 100 to 300 MeV.
- the etching solution may have a concentration of 1 to 10M.
- the etching solution may be applied to the film for 1 to 30 minutes.
- the ion beam may be irradiated at an angle perpendicular to the film.
- Separation membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that the pore size is very uniform compared to the separation membrane prepared by the conventional dry / wet manufacturing method.
- the separator according to an embodiment of the present invention cylindrical pores having no or little bendability are formed, and lithium ions may move more smoothly, and thus, secondary membranes employing such separators may be used.
- the battery has the advantage that the output is improved.
- the separation membrane manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention can easily adjust the time that the porous substrate is etched by adjusting the irradiation time of the ion beam, there is an advantage that the porosity can be easily adjusted accordingly.
- the separator can be manufactured from more diverse materials.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a method of manufacturing a separator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figures 2a, 2b and 2c each schematically shows a film before the process for forming pores (Fig. 2a), a film with a track formed by ion beam irradiation (Fig. 2b) and a porous film with pores (Fig. 2c) to be.
- pores having a diameter of 1 to 100 nm and a tortuosity in the range of 1 to 2 are formed, and a separator for an electrochemical device having an aeration time of 5 to 500 sec / 100 cc is provided.
- the term "diameter" of pores is understood to refer to the longest diameter of the pores, that is, the longest diameter.
- the pores formed in the separator may have a diameter of 1 to 100 nm or a diameter of 5 to 80 nm, the aeration time of the separator may be in the range of 5 to 500 s / 100cc or 10 to 350 s / 100cc. If the diameter and the aeration time of the pore is smaller than the lower limit, smooth movement of lithium ions may not be secured, and if the pore diameter is larger than the upper limit, the mechanical properties of the separator may be unnecessarily reduced.
- 'flexibility' is an index indicating how flexible the pores can be calculated by dividing the distance that the molecules moving in the pores actually move by the linear distance between the same points. That is, if the degree of curvature is 1, the movement distance is a straight line, and as the degree of curvature is greater than 1, it means that the pores are more flexible.
- the degree of curvature of the pores formed in the separation membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention is preferably 1 to 2, and if the degree of curvature is greater than the upper limit, smooth movement of lithium ions cannot be ensured. That is, the separator according to an embodiment of the present invention has a feature that cylindrical pores having no or little bendability are formed. This pore structure enables the smooth movement of lithium ions, resulting in an effect of improving the output of the electrochemical device.
- the term 'cylindrical pores' or 'cylindrical pores' means that one of the pores formed through the upper and lower surfaces of the separation membrane has a circular or nearly circular cross section on both the upper and lower surfaces thereof, respectively. By means of pores formed so that the diameter of the cross section formed has the same or very similar size.
- the separator according to an embodiment of the present invention is characterized by pores formed in a uniform size. That is, the pore size is very uniform as compared with the separator manufactured by the conventional method of manufacturing a dry separator or a wet separator.
- the porous substrate film may be used without particular limitation as long as it is a material capable of track etching and may be used as a separator for an electrochemical device.
- Non-limiting specific examples of film materials include fluoropolymers, polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyester , Polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenyl It may be one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of polyphenylenesulfidro, polyethylenenaphthalene, polysulfone, cellulose acetate and polystyrene. Preferred films are polyethyleneterephthalate films.
- the film material as described above may be used to produce a film by a conventional method in the art, and one embodiment thereof is described below for illustrative purposes, but the film manufacturing method is not limited thereto.
- the resin of the film material if necessary, together with additives such as antioxidants, plasticizers, flame retardants, colorants, compatibilizers, etc., may be used with a suitable kneader such as a twin screw extruder or a banbury kneader. Perform blending.
- the mixed blend thus obtained can be formed into a film using a common film forming method of thermoplastic resins such as T-die extrusion or film blowing.
- annealing may be performed.
- the porous substrate film thus prepared may have a thickness of 1 to 100 ⁇ m or 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the pores to be achieved in the manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be preferably formed, it is also preferable in terms of durability and unnecessary volume prevention of the separator.
- the film (b) in which the track was formed is obtained by the process (refer FIG. 1) of irradiating the ion beam 2 to the film (a) for porous substrates.
- the ion beam 2 irradiated may be an ion beam of atoms selected from argon, krypton, xenon, bismuth and combinations thereof.
- the density of the track formed by irradiating the ion beam 2, that is, the number of tracks 11 per unit of the film surface area produced by the ion beam may be determined according to the air permeability (aeration time) to be formed in the porous substrate,
- the density is not particularly limited.
- Irradiation of the ion beam 2 may be carried out in the chamber, and the acceleration voltage of the ion beam during the ion beam treatment may be 100 to 300 MeV, and the incident angle of the ion beam may be performed in a range of 0 ° to 90 ° with respect to the film surface. Irradiate the ion beam vertically.
- the irradiation time of the ion beam is not particularly limited, but as the irradiation time becomes longer, the amount of irradiated ions increases, resulting in many tracks.
- etching solution may differ depending on the type of film and dissolve the track formed in the film, but not chemically react with the film.
- Non-limiting examples of etching solutions include sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ).
- Preferred etching solutions are sodium hydroxide (NaOH), or potassium hydroxide (KOH).
- the concentration of the etching solution is 1 to 10 M or 2 to 7 M, it is possible to prevent film damage while effectively removing the track.
- etching temperature 40-80 degreeC is preferable.
- the etching time may vary depending on the diameter and film thickness of the desired pores, but a time of 1 to 30 minutes is preferable in terms of preventing unnecessary waste of time while substantially forming pores.
- the change according to the process step of the film 1, namely the film (a) before the track is formed, the film (b) after the track is formed, and the film (c) after the pores are formed.
- the pores formed film is washed and dried in a conventional manner in the art.
- the porous substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention may be used as a separator for an electrochemical device.
- a non-limiting example of an electrochemical device to which the separator according to an embodiment of the present invention may be employed may be any of the electrochemical reactions.
- Devices, and specific examples include capacitors such as all kinds of primary cells, secondary cells, fuel cells, solar cells or super capacitor devices.
- a lithium secondary battery including a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery among the secondary batteries is preferable.
- the electrode to be applied to the electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and according to a conventional method known in the art, the electrode active material may be manufactured in a form bound to the electrode current collector.
- Non-limiting examples of the positive electrode active material of the electrode active material may be used a conventional positive electrode active material that can be used for the positive electrode of the conventional electrochemical device, in particular lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium iron oxide or a combination thereof
- a lithium composite oxide can be used.
- Non-limiting examples of the negative electrode active material may be a conventional negative electrode active material that can be used for the negative electrode of the conventional electrochemical device, in particular lithium metal or lithium alloy, carbon, petroleum coke, activated carbon, Lithium adsorbents such as graphite or other carbons.
- Non-limiting examples of the positive electrode current collector is a foil produced by aluminum, nickel or a combination thereof, and non-limiting examples of the negative electrode current collector is produced by copper, gold, nickel or copper alloy or a combination thereof Foil and the like.
- the electrolyte solution which can be used in the present invention is formed by dissolving or dissociating an electrolyte salt having a structure such as A + B - in an electrolyte solvent.
- a + is an alkali metal cation such as Li + , Na + , K + or these combination including ions consisting of
- B - is PF 6 -, BF 4 -, Cl -, Br -, I -, ClO 4 -, AsF 6 -, CH 3 CO 2 -, CF 3 SO 3 -, N (CF 3 SO 2) 2 - , C (CF 2 SO 2) 3 - and comprising an ion composed of the same anion or combinations thereof
- the electrolyte solvent is propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethan
- the electrolyte injection may be performed at an appropriate stage of the battery manufacturing process, depending on the manufacturing process and the required physical properties of the final product. That is, it may be applied before the battery assembly or at the end of battery assembly.
- the electrode according to the present invention may optionally further include components such as a conductive material, a binder, and a filler as needed.
- the conductive material uses acetylene black or carbon black, but is not limited thereto.
- the binder used for the negative electrode and the positive electrode is polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, poly acrylonitrile, nitrile rubber, polybutadiene, polystyrene, styrene butadiene rubber, polysulfide rubber, butyl rubber, hydrogenated styrene butadiene It is preferable to select at least one from the group consisting of rubber, nitro cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose.
- a battery according to the present invention is prepared by a conventional method known in the art, for example, by dispersing an electrode active material and a binder in an organic solvent to produce a slurry, coating it on an electrode current collector, and then drying and compressing the same.
- the electrode assembly is manufactured by interposing a separator therein, and a nonaqueous electrolyte is injected to prepare the electrode assembly.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Pores having an average diameter of 30 nm were formed in the porous substrate, but were formed to have an aeration time of 120 s / 100 cc, and the degree of curvature of the pores was measured to have a degree of curvature of 1 when measured by a cross section.
- N-methyl-2 which is a solvent, using carbon powder as a negative electrode active material, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) as a binder polymer, and carbon black as a conductive material, respectively, at 96% by weight, 3% by weight, and 1% by weight.
- the negative mixture slurry was prepared by addition to pyrrolidone (NMP).
- NMP pyrrolidone
- the negative electrode mixture slurry was applied to a thin copper (Cu) thin film, which is a negative electrode current collector having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m, and dried to prepare a negative electrode, followed by roll press.
- a porous substrate for a separator was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the etching time was changed to 12 hours.
- pores having an average pore diameter of 500 nm were formed at 0 s / 100 cc aeration time, and the degree of curvature of the pores was measured as 1 when observed in a cross section.
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1-2, except that the separator of Comparative Example 1-1 was used.
- Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 1-1 The separator prepared in Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 1-1 was interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and then activated by injecting an electrolyte solution. While the charge and discharge of the lithium secondary battery of the embodiment proceeded normally, the lithium secondary battery of the comparative example has a problem that charging is not terminated in a constant voltage (CV) section.
- CV constant voltage
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP14767428.7A EP2897197B1 (en) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Separation membrane for electrochemical device and manufacturing method therefor |
US14/438,015 US10177359B2 (en) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | Separator for electrochemical device and method for manufacturing the same |
CN201480002789.2A CN104756284B (zh) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | 用于电化学装置的隔板及其制造方法 |
JP2015537652A JP6175506B2 (ja) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | 電気化学素子用分離膜の製造方法 |
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KR10-2013-0029779 | 2013-03-20 | ||
KR20130029779 | 2013-03-20 | ||
KR1020140032577A KR20140115275A (ko) | 2013-03-20 | 2014-03-20 | 전기화학소자용 분리막 및 그의 제조방법 |
KR10-2014-0032577 | 2014-03-20 |
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US (1) | US10177359B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2897197B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP6175506B2 (ko) |
KR (2) | KR20140115275A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN104756284B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2014148841A1 (ko) |
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JP6836509B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-29 | 2021-03-03 | ニッポン高度紙工業株式会社 | 電気化学素子用セパレータ及び電気化学素子 |
KR102024890B1 (ko) | 2015-11-03 | 2019-09-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 분리막의 기공 특성 정량화 방법 |
CN107304260B (zh) | 2016-04-22 | 2020-03-24 | 上海恩捷新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种宽温域低收缩隔离膜及其制备方法和用途 |
CN109314204B (zh) * | 2016-06-14 | 2022-05-17 | 索尔维公司 | 用于电化学装置的氟聚合物膜 |
CN106450106B (zh) * | 2016-10-15 | 2019-12-06 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | 汽车用锂电池隔膜及其制备方法 |
CN106898495A (zh) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-27 | 江苏大学 | 一种高温储能器件及其高温额定电压的测定方法 |
EP3416211A1 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-19 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | Porous etched ion-track polymer membrane as a separator for a battery |
CN109244336B (zh) * | 2018-11-01 | 2022-03-11 | 上海恩捷新材料科技有限公司 | 一种湿法共混锂离子电池隔膜及其制备方法 |
WO2020117001A1 (ko) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고체 전해질막 및 이를 제조하는 방법 및 이를 포함하는 전고체 전지 |
CN113193305A (zh) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-30 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | 阻燃锂离子电池隔膜及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114024095B (zh) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-08-05 | 长园泽晖新能源材料研究院(珠海)有限公司 | 一种具有特殊孔结构的涂层隔膜及其制备方法 |
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EP2897197A1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
EP2897197B1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
JP6175506B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
CN104756284A (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
KR101650420B1 (ko) | 2016-08-23 |
CN104756284B (zh) | 2018-05-15 |
KR20140115275A (ko) | 2014-09-30 |
US20150280192A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
JP2015537339A (ja) | 2015-12-24 |
US10177359B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 |
EP2897197A4 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
KR20150129298A (ko) | 2015-11-19 |
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