WO2014141809A1 - 電池パック、移動体および制御方法 - Google Patents
電池パック、移動体および制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014141809A1 WO2014141809A1 PCT/JP2014/053405 JP2014053405W WO2014141809A1 WO 2014141809 A1 WO2014141809 A1 WO 2014141809A1 JP 2014053405 W JP2014053405 W JP 2014053405W WO 2014141809 A1 WO2014141809 A1 WO 2014141809A1
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- battery pack
- cell
- abnormality
- value
- temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery pack provided with secondary battery cells, and more particularly, to a battery pack provided with lithium ion secondary battery cells.
- lithium ion secondary battery cells have attracted attention as a power source for electrical equipment.
- Lithium ion secondary battery cells have the advantage that they can be reduced in size and weight because of their high energy density.
- lithium ion secondary battery cells are damaged by overcharge or overdischarge. There is a possibility. For this reason, the lithium ion secondary battery cell is normally used as a battery pack together with a protection circuit (BMU: Battery Management Unit) for protecting the lithium ion secondary battery cell.
- BMU Battery Management Unit
- the protection circuit monitors the state of the lithium ion secondary battery cell and blocks the lithium ion secondary battery cell from the outside based on the state before the lithium ion secondary battery cell is damaged. More specifically, the protection circuit determines the voltage between the two electrodes of the lithium ion secondary battery cell, the current flowing through the lithium ion secondary battery cell, and the temperature of the lithium ion secondary battery cell. The state is monitored, and when these values exceed a predetermined threshold, the lithium ion secondary battery cell is forcibly cut off from the outside, thereby preventing damage to the lithium ion secondary battery cell.
- the lithium ion secondary battery cell is cut off from the outside at the moment when the above value exceeds the threshold, the power supply to the electric device is suddenly stopped, and data processing such as a personal computer or a mobile phone is performed. In such an electrical device, the problem is that data being processed is destroyed.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a signal indicating that power supply is stopped when the voltage exceeds a threshold value in order to secure time for saving data being processed by the electric device to a hard disk or the like.
- An overdischarge prevention device is described in which the energization between the battery cell and the outside is interrupted after about several milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds.
- the battery pack as described above is used as a power source for a mobile body such as an electric assist bicycle
- a mobile body such as an electric assist bicycle
- the pedal of the electric assist bicycle or the electric vehicle There is a problem that the load related to the steering wheel or the like suddenly changes and driving becomes unstable.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a battery pack, a moving body, and a control method capable of solving the problem of unstable operation.
- the battery pack according to the present invention is a battery pack including secondary battery cells, a switch for switching connection and disconnection between the secondary battery cells and the outside, and detection for detecting a state value indicating the state of the battery pack. And determining whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the battery pack based on the state value, and when the abnormality has occurred, an abnormality signal indicating that the abnormality has occurred is transmitted to the outside.
- a management unit that outputs a shut-off instruction to shut off the secondary battery cell from outside after a predetermined delay time has elapsed; and when the shut-off instruction is output, the switch is used to switch the secondary battery
- a blocking unit that blocks the cell from the outside, and the delay time is 5 seconds or more.
- the moving body according to the present invention includes the above battery pack.
- a battery pack control method is a battery pack control method including a secondary battery cell, wherein a state value indicating a state of the battery pack is detected, and the battery pack is detected based on the state value. It is determined whether or not an abnormality has occurred, and when the abnormality has occurred, an abnormality signal indicating that the abnormality has occurred is transmitted to the outside, and then after a predetermined delay time has elapsed, the secondary battery A battery pack control method for outputting a shut-off instruction for shutting off a cell from the outside, and shutting off the secondary battery cell from the outside when the shut-off instruction is output, and the delay time is 5 seconds or more .
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a battery pack 100 includes a battery unit 1 and a protection unit (BMU: Battery Management Unit) 2.
- the battery pack 100 is connected to an electric device (not shown in FIG. 1) and functions as a power source for the electric device.
- the electric device is a moving body such as an electric assist bicycle, an electric motorcycle, and an electric automobile.
- the battery unit 1 includes a secondary battery cell (Cell) 11 that can be charged and discharged, a positive electrode terminal P, and a negative electrode terminal N.
- Cell secondary battery cell
- the battery unit 1 has a configuration in which a plurality of secondary battery cells 11 are connected in series.
- the battery part 1 may be comprised by the single secondary battery cell, and the structure by which the some secondary battery was connected in parallel or the matrix form may be sufficient. Note that the number and arrangement of the secondary battery cells are appropriately determined according to the type of the electrical device, the type of the secondary battery cell, and the like.
- the type of the secondary battery cell 11 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery cell.
- the lithium ion secondary battery cell include a manganese lithium ion secondary battery cell in which the positive electrode is formed of manganese, and a ternary lithium ion battery cell in which the positive electrode is formed of cobalt, nickel, and manganese.
- the protection unit 2 is connected to the battery unit 1 (specifically, the positive electrode terminal P and the negative electrode terminal N), and protects the electric device connected to the battery unit 1 and the battery pack 100.
- the protection unit 2 includes a discharge FET (Field effect transistor) 21, a charge FET22, temperature sensors 23 and 24, a current detection unit 25, a monitoring IC (Integrated Circuit) 26, and an MCU (Micro Control). Unit) 26. Further, the protection unit 2 includes a positive output terminal POUT and a negative output terminal NOUT for transmitting / receiving electric power to / from an electric device, and a communication terminal CX for communicating with the electric device. There may be a plurality of communication terminals CX.
- the discharge FET 21 and the charge FET 22 constitute a switch that switches between connection and disconnection between the battery unit 1 (specifically, the secondary battery cell 11) and the outside.
- the discharge FET 21 is a switch for controlling the discharge current output from the battery unit 1
- the charge FET 22 is a switch for controlling the charge current supplied to the battery unit 1.
- the discharge FET 21 and the charge FET 22 are provided between the positive terminal P and the positive output terminal POUT of the battery unit 1, but between the negative terminal N and the negative output terminal NOUT of the battery unit 1. May be provided.
- a switch for controlling the discharge current and the charge current a breaker or a relay may be used instead of the FET.
- the temperature sensors 23 and 24, the current detection unit 25, and the monitoring IC 26 constitute a detection unit that detects a state value indicating the state of the battery pack 100.
- the detection unit has, as the state value, a cell voltage value that is a voltage value between both electrodes of the secondary battery cell 11, a cell current value that is a value of a discharge current flowing through the secondary battery cell 11, and a pack temperature that is a temperature of the battery pack. However, in the present embodiment, all of the state values are detected. Further, the detection unit may detect at least one of the cell temperature that is the temperature of the battery unit 1 and the switch temperature that is the temperature of the switch (discharge FET 21 and charge FET 22) as the pack temperature. Both pack temperatures shall be detected.
- the temperature sensor 23 detects the cell temperature that is the temperature of the battery unit 1. There may be a plurality of temperature sensors 23. In this case, each of the temperature sensors 23 measures the temperature of a different part of the battery unit 1.
- the temperature sensor 24 detects the switch temperature, which is the temperature of the discharge FET 21 and the charge FET 22. There may be a plurality of temperature sensors 24. In this case, each of the temperature sensors 24 measures the temperature of each of the discharge FET 21 and the charge FET 22.
- the current detector 25 detects the charging current and discharging current of the battery unit 1.
- the current detection unit 25 is provided between the negative electrode terminal N and the negative electrode output terminal NOUT of the battery unit 1, but between the positive electrode terminal P and the positive electrode output terminal POUT of the battery unit 1. May be provided.
- the charging current and discharging current of the battery unit 1 may be collectively referred to as charging / discharging current.
- the monitoring IC 26 functions as a detection unit that detects a cell voltage value that is a voltage between both electrodes of each secondary battery cell 11 and a blocking unit that blocks the battery unit 1 from the outside using the discharge FET 21 and the charging FET 22. It has the function of.
- the monitoring IC 26 is sometimes called an analog front end (AFE: Analog Front End).
- the monitoring IC 26 specifically, when the MCU 27 outputs a shut-off instruction to shut off the battery unit 1 from the outside, the discharge FET 21, the charge FET 22, or the discharge FET 21 and the charge FET 22 Both are turned off to block the battery unit 1 from the outside.
- the MCU 27 is sometimes called a management unit.
- the MCU 27 detects the detected state values (that is, the cell temperature and switch temperature detected by the temperature sensors 23 and 24, the charging / discharging current detected by the current detection unit 25, and the cell voltage value detected by the monitoring IC 26). ) To determine whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the battery pack 100.
- the MCU 27 determines whether or not the state value satisfies an abnormal condition corresponding to the state value, and when there is a state value that satisfies the abnormal condition, When it is determined that an abnormality has occurred and there is no state value that satisfies the abnormality condition, it is determined that no abnormality has occurred.
- the MCU 27 transmits an abnormality signal indicating that an abnormality has occurred to the outside via the communication terminal CX. Thereafter, after a predetermined delay time has elapsed, the MCU 27 outputs to the monitoring IC 26 a cutoff instruction to shut off the battery unit 1 (specifically, the secondary battery cell 11) from the outside.
- the delay time is desirably a time that allows a user who uses the mobile body equipped with the battery pack 100 to confirm that the power supply from the battery pack 100 is stopped, and specifically, it is 5 seconds or more. It is desirable to be. However, if the delay time is too long, there is a possibility that the secondary battery cell 11 may be damaged. For this reason, it is desirable that the delay time be included in the range from 5 seconds to 1 minute.
- the MCU 27 may determine whether or not an abnormality is predicted to occur in the battery pack 100 based on the state value. Specifically, the MCU 27 determines, for each state value, whether or not the state value satisfies a warning condition corresponding to the state value. Is predicted, and if there is no state value that satisfies the warning condition, it is determined that the occurrence of abnormality is not predicted. When the occurrence of an abnormality is predicted, the MCU 27 transmits a warning signal indicating that the occurrence of the abnormality is predicted to the outside through the communication terminal CX.
- Examples of abnormalities occurring in the battery pack include overdischarge, discharge overcurrent, abnormally high temperature, open breakage, and disconnection.
- processing performed by the MCU 27 for each type of abnormality will be described.
- the cell voltage value is desirably equal to or lower than the first voltage threshold value.
- the MCU 27 determines that an abnormality has occurred, continues to transmit an abnormality signal until the delay time elapses, and then outputs a cutoff instruction to the monitoring IC 26. This causes the monitoring IC 26 to block the battery unit 1 from the outside.
- the deep discharge voltage value that is a voltage value that may cause a problem during charging, and when the secondary battery cell is left uncharged for a predetermined period (for example, several months to several years)
- the discharge end voltage value which is a voltage value that becomes a deep discharge voltage value
- the first voltage threshold is about 2.3 V
- the battery unit 1 is actually cut off from the outside after the cell voltage value becomes equal to or lower than the first voltage threshold. Until then, even if the cell voltage value is lowered, the deterioration of the secondary battery cell can be suppressed.
- the first voltage threshold is higher than 2.3V.
- a 1st voltage threshold value is determined according to the characteristic of the secondary battery cell 11, etc., it is desirable to be contained in the range from 2.5V to 2.9V, for example.
- the cell voltage value is larger than the first voltage threshold and not more than the second voltage threshold larger than the first voltage threshold.
- the MCU 27 transmits a warning signal to the outside via the communication terminal CX when the cell voltage value is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to the second voltage threshold greater than the first voltage threshold.
- the second voltage threshold is included in a range from 2.9V to 3.3V, for example.
- the cell current value is desirably equal to or higher than the first current threshold value.
- the MCU 27 determines that an abnormality has occurred, continues to transmit an abnormality signal until the delay time has elapsed, and then outputs a cutoff instruction to the monitoring IC 26. This causes the monitoring IC 26 to block the battery unit 1 from the outside.
- the first current threshold value varies depending on the characteristics of the secondary battery cell 11, but when the maximum value of the cell current value in which the operation of the secondary battery cell 11 is guaranteed is 20A, for example, a range from 25A to 40A include.
- the MCU 27 transmits a warning signal to the outside via the communication terminal CX when the cell current value is smaller than the first current threshold and equal to or larger than the second current threshold smaller than the first current threshold.
- the second current threshold is included in a range from 20A to 35A, for example.
- the cell temperature is desirably equal to or higher than the first cell temperature threshold
- the switch temperature is equal to or higher than the first switch temperature threshold. It is desirable to become.
- the MCU 27 determines that an abnormality has occurred when the cell temperature value is equal to or higher than the first cell temperature threshold, or when the switch temperature is equal to or higher than the first switch temperature threshold, and the delay time is determined.
- the abnormal signal continues to be transmitted until the time elapses, and thereafter, the battery IC 1 is shut off from the outside by outputting a shut-off instruction to the monitor IC 26.
- the first cell temperature threshold value varies depending on the characteristics of the secondary battery cell 11. For example, when the maximum value of the guaranteed operating temperature of the secondary battery cell 11 is 60 ° C., the first cell temperature threshold is in the range from 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. included.
- the first switch temperature threshold value varies depending on the characteristics of the switch. For example, when the junction temperature of the FET that is the switch is 150 ° C., the first switch temperature threshold is included in the range from 90 ° C. to 110 ° C.
- the cell temperature is lower than the first cell temperature threshold and equal to or higher than the second cell temperature threshold lower than the first cell temperature threshold.
- the warning condition corresponding to the switch temperature may be that the switch temperature is lower than the first switch temperature threshold and equal to or higher than the second switch temperature threshold lower than the first switch temperature threshold.
- the MCU 27 determines whether the cell temperature is lower than the first cell temperature threshold and the second cell temperature threshold is lower than the first cell temperature threshold or the warning condition corresponding to the switch temperature is When the switch temperature is lower than the first switch temperature threshold and equal to or higher than the second switch temperature threshold lower than the first switch temperature threshold, a warning signal is transmitted to the outside via the communication terminal CX.
- the second cell temperature threshold is included in a range from 45 ° C. to 60 ° C., for example, when the maximum value of the guaranteed operating temperature of the secondary battery cell 11 is 60 ° C.
- the second switch temperature threshold is included in the range from 70 ° C. to 90 ° C., for example, when the junction temperature of the FET that is the switch is 150 ° C.
- NTC thermistor Negative Temperature Coefficient Thermistor
- the abnormal condition corresponding to the pack temperature includes that the pack temperature is equal to or lower than the pack temperature threshold.
- the MCU 27 determines that an abnormality has occurred, continues to transmit an abnormality signal until the delay time elapses, and then outputs a cutoff instruction to the monitoring IC 26. Then, the monitoring IC 26 blocks the battery unit 1 from the outside.
- the pack temperature threshold is included in the range of ⁇ 15 ° C. to ⁇ 25 ° C.
- the status value may temporarily become an abnormal value for some reason. In such a case, if the secondary battery cell 11 is cut off from the outside, the power supply to the outside is stopped regardless of whether the secondary battery cell 11 is damaged or the like, which is not convenient. .
- the MCU 27 determines, for each state value, whether or not the state value continues the predetermined insensitive time to satisfy the abnormal condition, and the state value that satisfies the abnormal condition continues for the insensitive time. If present, it is desirable to determine that an abnormality has occurred.
- the insensitive time is a time for preventing erroneous determination of abnormality, and is a value within 5 seconds, for example.
- the monitoring IC 26 needs to be connected to both electrodes of the secondary battery cell 11 via wiring in order to detect the cell voltage value of the secondary battery cell 11. When this wiring is disconnected, the monitoring IC 26 cannot detect the cell voltage value, and the detection of the cell voltage value is stopped.
- the MCU 27 is set as the abnormal condition for the cell voltage value that the detection of the cell voltage value is stopped, and the MCU 27 determines that an abnormality has occurred when the detection of the cell voltage value is stopped. .
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of an electric device provided with the battery pack 100.
- a moving body 200 shown in FIG. 2 includes a battery pack 100, a load 201, a control unit 202, and a notification unit 203.
- the load 201 is connected to the positive electrode output terminal POUT and the negative electrode output terminal NOUT of the battery pack 100 and is driven by electric power supplied from the battery pack 100 via the positive electrode output terminal POUT and the negative electrode output terminal NOUT.
- Examples of the load 201 include an electric vehicle and a motor of an electric assist bicycle.
- the control unit 202 is connected to the communication terminal CX of the battery pack 100 and receives an abnormality signal and a warning signal from the battery pack 100 via the communication terminal CX.
- the control unit 202 uses the notification unit 203 to notify the user that an abnormality is predicted to occur.
- the control unit 202 uses the notification unit 203 to notify that the power supply from the battery pack 100 is stopped. At this time, the control unit 202 may notify the remaining time until the power supply from the battery pack 100 is stopped.
- the notification unit is, for example, a monitor, a speaker, and a vibration.
- the battery pack 100 may be detachable from the moving body 200.
- the moving body 200 may include a standby power source other than the battery pack 100.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the operation of the battery pack 100.
- the temperature sensor 23 detects the cell temperature, which is the temperature of the battery unit 1, and notifies the monitoring IC 26 of a cell temperature signal indicating the cell temperature.
- the temperature sensor 24 detects a switch temperature, which is a switch temperature, and notifies the monitoring IC 26 of a switch temperature signal indicating the switch temperature.
- the current detection unit 25 detects the charge / discharge current of the battery unit 1 and notifies the monitoring IC 26 of a current signal indicating the charge / discharge current.
- the monitoring IC 26 detects the cell voltage of each secondary battery cell 11 and receives a cell temperature signal, a switch temperature signal, and a current signal. Then, the monitoring IC 26 notifies the MCU 27 of the voltage signal indicating each detected cell voltage and the received cell temperature signal, switch temperature signal, and current signal (step S301).
- step S302 When the MCU 27 receives the voltage signal, the cell temperature signal, the switch temperature signal, and the current signal, whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the battery pack 100 based on the voltage signal, the cell temperature signal, the switch temperature signal, and the current signal. It is determined whether or not (step S302).
- the MCU 27 determines whether or not an abnormality is predicted to occur in the battery pack 100 based on the voltage signal, the cell temperature signal, the switch temperature signal, and the current signal (step) S303).
- the MCU 27 ends the process.
- the MCU 27 transmits a warning signal to the control unit 202 of the moving body 200 via the communication terminal CX (step S304), and ends the process.
- the control unit 202 uses the notification unit 203 to notify the user that the occurrence of an abnormality is predicted.
- step S302 the MCU 27 transmits an abnormality signal to the control unit 202 of the moving body 200 via the communication terminal CX (step S305).
- the control unit 202 uses the notification unit 203 to notify the user that power supply from the battery pack 100 is stopped.
- step S305 When an abnormal signal is transmitted in step S305, the MCU 27 measures time until the delay time elapses (step S306).
- the MCU 27 transmits a cutoff instruction to the monitoring IC 26.
- the monitoring IC 26 turns off the discharge FET 21, the charge FET 22, or both the discharge FET 21 and the charge FET 22, shuts off the battery unit 1 from the outside (step S307), and ends the process. Thereby, the power supply to the load 201 of the moving body 200 is stopped.
- an abnormality signal indicating that the abnormality has occurred is transmitted to the outside, and then, after 5 seconds or more have elapsed, the secondary battery cell 11 is disconnected from the outside. Therefore, it is possible to secure a sufficient time for notifying the user that the power is supplied before the power supply is stopped. Therefore, since it becomes possible to know in advance that the load related to the pedal of the electric assist bicycle or the handle of the electric vehicle changes, it becomes possible to reduce the unstable driving.
- a warning signal is output, so that it is possible to more reliably reduce the unstable operation.
- the illustrated configuration is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to the configuration.
- a battery pack comprising secondary battery cells, A switch for switching between connection and disconnection between the secondary battery cell and the outside; A detection unit for detecting a state value indicating the state of the battery pack; Based on the state value, it is determined whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the battery pack. If the abnormality has occurred, an abnormality signal indicating that the abnormality has occurred is transmitted to the outside, and then predetermined.
- a management unit that outputs a shut-off instruction to shut off the secondary battery cell from the outside after a delay time has elapsed; A shut-off unit that shuts off the secondary battery cell from the outside using the switch when the shut-off instruction is output; The battery pack, wherein the delay time is 5 seconds or more.
- the detection unit includes, as the state value, a cell voltage value that is a voltage value between both electrodes of the secondary battery cell, a cell current value that is a value of a discharge current flowing through the secondary battery cell, and a temperature of the battery pack The battery pack according to appendix 1, wherein at least one of a certain pack temperature is detected.
- the management unit determines, for each of the detected state values, whether the state value satisfies an abnormal condition corresponding to the state value, and when there is a state value that satisfies the abnormal condition, The battery pack according to appendix 2, wherein it is determined that an abnormality has occurred.
- the abnormal condition corresponding to the cell voltage value includes that the cell voltage value is equal to or lower than a first voltage threshold value,
- the management unit indicates that the occurrence of the abnormality is predicted when the cell voltage value is greater than the first voltage threshold and less than or equal to a second voltage threshold greater than the first voltage threshold.
- the first voltage threshold is included in a range from 2.5V to 2.9V
- the battery pack according to appendix 4 wherein the second voltage threshold is included in a range from 2.9 V to 3.2 V.
- the abnormal condition corresponding to the cell current value includes that the cell current value is equal to or higher than a first current threshold value,
- the management unit issues a warning signal that the occurrence of the abnormality is predicted when the cell current value is smaller than the first current value and becomes equal to or greater than a second current threshold value smaller than the first current value.
- the battery pack according to any one of appendices 3 to 5, wherein the battery pack is transmitted to the outside.
- the first current threshold is included in a range from 25A to 40A
- the said detection part detects at least one of the cell temperature which is the temperature of the said secondary battery cell, and the switch temperature which is the temperature of the said switch as the said pack temperature, Any one of the appendix 3 thru
- the abnormal condition corresponding to the cell temperature includes that the cell temperature is equal to or higher than a first cell temperature threshold,
- the management unit indicates that the occurrence of the abnormality is predicted when the cell temperature is lower than the first cell temperature threshold and is equal to or higher than a second cell temperature threshold lower than the first cell temperature threshold.
- Item 9 The battery pack according to item 8, wherein the warning signal is transmitted to the outside.
- the first cell temperature threshold is included in a range from 60 ° C. to 70 ° C.
- the battery pack according to appendix 9 wherein the second cell temperature threshold is included in a range from 45 ° C to 65 ° C.
- the abnormal condition corresponding to the switch temperature includes that the switch temperature is equal to or higher than a first switch temperature threshold,
- the management unit indicates that the occurrence of the abnormality is predicted when the switch temperature is lower than the first switch temperature threshold and equal to or higher than a second switch temperature threshold lower than the first switch temperature threshold.
- the battery pack according to appendix 8 which transmits a warning signal to the outside.
- the first switch temperature threshold is included in a range from 90 ° C. to 110 ° C .;
- Appendix 14 14. The battery pack according to appendix 13, wherein the pack temperature threshold is included in a range from ⁇ 15 ° C. to ⁇ 25 ° C.
- the management unit determines, for each of the detected state values, whether or not the state value continuously satisfies the abnormality condition for a predetermined insensitivity time, and continues the insensitivity time for the abnormality.
- the battery pack according to any one of appendices 3 to 14, wherein when there is a state value that satisfies the condition, it is determined that the abnormality has occurred.
- Appendix 20 A method for controlling a battery pack comprising secondary battery cells, Detecting a state value indicating the state of the battery pack; Based on the state value, it is determined whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the battery pack. If the abnormality has occurred, an abnormality signal indicating that the abnormality has occurred is transmitted to the outside, and then predetermined. After a delay time elapses, output a shutoff instruction to shut off the secondary battery cell from the outside, When the shutoff instruction is output, shut off the secondary battery cell from the outside, The battery pack control method, wherein the delay time is 5 seconds or more.
Abstract
Description
2次電池セル11としてリチウムイオン2次電池セルなどが使用される場合、放電により2次電池セル11の電圧値が低下しすぎると、2次電池セルは劣化してしまい、充電の際に発熱などの問題が生じる可能性がある。
2次電池セルの放電時に、予め想定された最大電流値以上の電流が2次電池セルから放電されると、2次電池が劣化したり破損したりする可能性がある。
電池パック100、具体的には、2次電池セル11およびスイッチ(放電FET21および充電FET22)の温度が高くなりすぎると、2次電池セル11やスイッチが劣化したり破損したりする可能性がある。
温度センサ23および24としてNTCサーミスタが使用された場合、温度センサ23または24にオープン破損が発生すると、非常に低いパック温度(セル温度またはスイッチ温度)が検出されることとなる。
監視IC26は、2次電池セル11のセル電圧値を検出するために、2次電池セル11の両極と配線を介して接続される必要がある。この配線が断線されると、監視IC26はセル電圧値を検出することができなくなり、セル電圧値の検出が停止されてしまう。
2次電池セルを備えた電池パックであって、
前記2次電池セルと外部との接続と遮断を切り換えるスイッチと、
前記電池パックの状態を示す状態値を検出する検出部と、
前記状態値に基づいて、前記電池パックに異常が発生したか否かを判定し、前記異常が発生した場合、前記異常が発生した旨の異常信号を外部に送信し、その後、予め定められた遅延時間経過してから、前記2次電池セルを外部と遮断する旨の遮断指示を出力する管理部と、
前記遮断指示が出力された場合、前記スイッチを用いて、前記2次電池セルを外部と遮断する遮断部と、を有し、
前記遅延時間は、5秒以上である、電池パック。
前記検出部は、前記状態値として、前記2次電池セルの両極間の電圧値であるセル電圧値、前記2次電池セルに流れる放電電流の値であるセル電流値、前記電池パックの温度であるパック温度の少なくとも一つを検出する、付記1に記載の電池パック。
前記管理部は、前記検出された状態値のそれぞれについて、当該状態値が、当該状態値に対応する異常条件を満たすか否かを判定し、前記異常条件を満たす状態値が存在する場合、前記異常が発生したと判定する、付記2に記載の電池パック。
前記セル電圧値に対応する異常条件は、当該セル電圧値が第1の電圧閾値以下になることを含み、
前記管理部は、前記セル電圧値が前記第1の電圧閾値よりも大きく、かつ、前記第1の電圧閾値よりも大きい第2の電圧閾値以下になると、前記異常の発生が予測される旨の警告信号を外部に送信する、付記3に記載の電池パック。
前記第1の電圧閾値は、2.5Vから2.9Vまでの範囲に含まれ、
前記第2の電圧閾値は、2.9Vから3.2Vまでの範囲に含まれる、付記4に記載の電池パック。
前記セル電流値に対応する異常条件は、当該セル電流値が第1の電流閾値以上になることを含み、
前記管理部は、前記セル電流値が前記第1の電流値より小さく、かつ、前記第1の電流値より小さい第2の電流閾値以上になると、前記異常の発生が予測される旨の警告信号を外部に送信する、付記3ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の電池パック。
前記第1の電流閾値は、25Aから40Aまでの範囲に含まれ、
前記第2の電流閾値は、20Aから35Aまでの範囲に含まれる、付記6に記載の電池パック。
前記検出部は、前記パック温度として、前記2次電池セルの温度であるセル温度と、前記スイッチの温度であるスイッチ温度との少なくとも一方を検出する、付記3ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の電池パック。
前記セル温度に対応する異常条件は、当該セル温度が第1のセル温度閾値以上になることを含み、
前記管理部は、前記セル温度が前記第1のセル温度閾値より小さく、かつ、前記第1のセル温度閾値より小さい第2のセル温度閾値以上になると、前記異常の発生が予測される旨の警告信号を外部に送信する、付記8項に記載の電池パック。
前記第1のセル温度閾値は、60℃から70℃までの範囲に含まれ、
前記第2のセル温度閾値は、45℃から65℃までの範囲に含まれる、付記9に記載の電池パック。
前記スイッチ温度に対応する異常条件は、当該スイッチ温度が第1のスイッチ温度閾値以上になることを含み、
前記管理部は、前記スイッチ温度が前記第1のスイッチ温度閾値より小さく、かつ、前記第1のスイッチ温度閾値より小さい第2のスイッチ温度閾値以上になると、前記異常の発生が予測される旨の警告信号を外部に送信する、付記8に記載の電池パック。
前記第1のスイッチ温度閾値は、90℃から110℃までの範囲に含まれ、
前記第2のスイッチ温度閾値は、70℃から90℃までの範囲に含まれる、付記11に記載の電池パック。
前記パック温度に対応する異常条件は、当該パック温度がパック温度閾値以下になることを含む、付記3ないし12のいずれか1項に記載の電池パック。
前記パック温度閾値は、-15℃から-25℃までの範囲に含まれる、付記13に記載の電池パック。
前記管理部は、前記検出された状態値のそれぞれについて、当該状態値が予め定められた不感応時間継続して前記異常条件を満たすか否かを判定し、前記不感応時間継続して前記異常条件を満たす状態値が存在する場合、前記異常が発生したと判定する、付記3ないし14のいずれか1項に記載の電池パック。
前記不感応時間は、5秒以内の値である、付記15に記載の電池パック。
前記セル電圧値に対応する異常条件は、当該セル電圧値の検出が停止されたことを含む、付記3ないし16のいずれか1項に記載の電池パック。
前記2次電池セルは、正極にマンガンを用いたマンガンスピネル系リチウムイオン2次電池セルである、付記1ないし17のいずれか1項に記載の電池パック。
付記1ないし18のいずれか1項に記載の電池パックと、
通知部と、
前記電池パックから異常信号が出力された場合、前記通知部を用いて、前記電池パックに異常が発生した旨を通知する制御部と、を備えた移動体。
2次電池セルを備えた電池パックの制御方法であって、
前記電池パックの状態を示す状態値を検出し、
前記状態値に基づいて、前記電池パックに異常が発生したか否かを判定し、前記異常が発生した場合、前記異常が発生した旨の異常信号を外部に送信し、その後、予め定められた遅延時間経過してから、前記2次電池セルを外部と遮断する旨の遮断指示を出力し、
前記遮断指示が出力された場合、前記2次電池セルを外部と遮断し、
前記遅延時間は、5秒以上である、電池パックの制御方法。
2 保護回路
11 2次電池セル
21 放電FET
22 充電FET
23 温度センサ
24 温度センサ
25 電流検出部
26 監視IC
27 MCU
100 電池パック
200 移動体
201 負荷
202 管理部
203 通知部
Claims (10)
- 2次電池セルを備えた電池パックであって、
前記2次電池セルと外部との接続と遮断を切り換えるスイッチと、
前記電池パックの状態を示す状態値を検出する検出部と、
前記状態値に基づいて、前記電池パックに異常が発生したか否かを判定し、前記異常が発生した場合、前記異常が発生した旨の異常信号を外部に送信し、その後、予め定められた遅延時間経過してから、前記2次電池セルを外部と遮断する旨の遮断指示を出力する管理部と、
前記遮断指示が出力された場合、前記スイッチを用いて、前記2次電池セルを外部と遮断する遮断部と、を有し、
前記遅延時間は、5秒以上である、電池パック。 - 前記検出部は、前記状態値として、前記2次電池セルの両極間の電圧値であるセル電圧値、前記2次電池セルに流れる放電電流の値であるセル電流値、前記電池パックの温度であるパック温度の少なくとも一つを検出する、請求項1に記載の電池パック。
- 前記管理部は、前記検出された状態値のそれぞれについて、当該状態値が、当該状態値に対応する異常条件を満たすか否かを判定し、前記異常条件を満たす状態値が存在する場合、前記異常が発生したと判定する、請求項2に記載の電池パック。
- 前記セル電圧値に対応する異常条件は、当該セル電圧値が第1の電圧閾値以下になることを含み、
前記管理部は、前記セル電圧値が前記第1の電圧閾値よりも大きく、かつ、前記第1の電圧閾値よりも大きい第2の電圧閾値以下になると、前記異常の発生が予測される旨の警告信号を外部に送信する、請求項3に記載の電池パック。 - 前記第1の電圧閾値は、2.5Vから2.9Vまでの範囲に含まれ、
前記第2の電圧閾値は、2.9Vから3.2Vまでの範囲に含まれる、請求項4に記載の電池パック。 - 前記セル電流値に対応する異常条件は、当該セル電流値が第1の電流閾値以上になることを含み、
前記管理部は、前記セル電流値が前記第1の電流値より小さく、かつ、前記第1の電流値より小さい第2の電流閾値以上になると、前記異常の発生が予測される旨の警告信号を外部に送信する、請求項3ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の電池パック。 - 前記第1の電流閾値は、25Aから40Aまでの範囲に含まれ、
前記第2の電流閾値は、20Aから35Aまでの範囲に含まれる、請求項6に記載の電池パック。 - 前記検出部は、前記パック温度として、前記2次電池セルの温度であるセル温度と、前記スイッチの温度であるスイッチ温度との少なくとも一方を検出する、請求項3ないし7のいずれか1項に記載の電池パック。
- 請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の電池パックと、
通知部と、
前記電池パックから異常信号が出力された場合、前記通知部を用いて、前記電池パックに異常が発生した旨を通知する制御部と、を備えた移動体。 - 2次電池セルを備えた電池パックの制御方法であって、
前記電池パックの状態を示す状態値を検出し、
前記状態値に基づいて、前記電池パックに異常が発生したか否かを判定し、前記異常が発生した場合、前記異常が発生した旨の異常信号を外部に送信し、その後、予め定められた遅延時間経過してから、前記2次電池セルを外部と遮断する旨の遮断指示を出力し、
前記遮断指示が出力された場合、前記2次電池セルを外部と遮断し、
前記遅延時間は、5秒以上である、電池パックの制御方法。
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