WO2014110934A1 - 一种美洲大蠊提取物乳膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种美洲大蠊提取物乳膏及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2014110934A1
WO2014110934A1 PCT/CN2013/086867 CN2013086867W WO2014110934A1 WO 2014110934 A1 WO2014110934 A1 WO 2014110934A1 CN 2013086867 W CN2013086867 W CN 2013086867W WO 2014110934 A1 WO2014110934 A1 WO 2014110934A1
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parts
weight
extract
water
paraffin
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French (fr)
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耿福能
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四川好医生攀西药业有限责任公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/06Ointments; Bases therefor; Other semi-solid forms, e.g. creams, sticks, gels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/56Materials from animals other than mammals
    • A61K35/63Arthropods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/10Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0014Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/02Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medicines, in particular to an American cockroach extract cream and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
  • Periplaneta americana is an insect of the genus Insectidae, which is commonly known as " ⁇ ". Its medicine is contained in the "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic", which is listed as a Chinese product, which is called " Flavor: salty, cold; governance: blood stasis syndrome, cold heat, broken accumulation, throat and throat, no cold inside.
  • the composition of the American cockroach extract is complex, the main chemical components are pheromones, amino acids and various insect neuropeptides, in addition to citric acid, fluorenone, eucalyptus oil, allergens, various enzymes, cytochromes.
  • a cream is a kind of ointment. It refers to a semi-solid external preparation made of a drug and a suitable matrix which is easy to apply to the skin, mucous membrane or wound surface. It has the advantages of convenient use, easy carrying and storage, and good stability.
  • the cream should be uniform, fine, stable and have suitable consistency, adhesion and spreadability.
  • Commonly used cream bases are divided into four categories, soap bases, higher fatty alcohols and fatty alcohol sulfates, Span and Tween substrates, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers and nonylphenol ethoxylates.
  • the present invention provides a composition for preparing an American cockroach extract cream, and also provides an American cockroach extract cream and a preparation method thereof.
  • composition for preparing the American cockroach extract cream comprises the following components by weight ratio: 2-20 parts of glycerin, 3-6 parts of triethanolamine, 10-14 parts of stearic acid, 12 ⁇ 24 parts of liquid paraffin. 4 to 16 parts of paraffin and 20 to 69 parts of water.
  • composition comprises the following components by weight: 4 ⁇ 18 parts of glycerin, 3 ⁇ 5 parts of triethanolamine, 10 ⁇ 14 parts of stearic acid, 12 ⁇ 24 parts of liquid paraffin, 4 ⁇ 16 parts of paraffin, water 22 ⁇ 67 copies.
  • composition comprises the following components by weight: 11 parts of glycerin, 3.5 parts of triethanolamine, 14 parts of stearic acid, 18 parts of liquid paraffin, 10 parts of paraffin, and 43.5 parts of water.
  • the composition further comprises 0.1 to 1 part by weight of a skin penetration enhancer, and/or 1 part by weight Preservative on it.
  • the skin penetration enhancer is 1 part by weight; and the preservative is 1 part by weight.
  • the skin penetration enhancer is azone; the preservative is a mixed preservative of ethylparaben and propylparaben, and the weight ratio of the two is 1:1.
  • the invention relates to the American cockroach extract cream, which is prepared by adding the extract of the American cockroach as the active ingredient and adding the auxiliary material, and the weight ratio of the extract of the American cockroach to the auxiliary material is: the American cockroach extract 0.5 ⁇ 3 parts, 2 to 20 parts of glycerin, 3 to 6 parts of triethanolamine, 10 to 14 parts of stearic acid, 12 to 24 parts of liquid paraffin, 4 to 16 parts of paraffin, and 20 to 69 parts of water.
  • the American cockroach extract is 0.5 to 1 part by weight. Further preferably, the American cockroach extract is 1 part by weight.
  • the extract of the American cockroach of the present invention refers to an extract of the medicinal material of Periplaneta americana, which can be prepared according to the conventional techniques in the art, for example, Patent No.: ZL200610021993.6, the name of the invention: "American cockroach extract, including The method described in the patent of the pharmaceutical composition of the extract and the preparation method thereof can also be prepared according to the method of the present invention, and can also be a commercially available product.
  • the method of extracting the American cockroach of the present invention is as follows:
  • the weight ratio of the auxiliary materials is: 4 to 18 parts of glycerin, 3 to 5 parts of triethanolamine, 10 to 14 parts of stearic acid, 12 to 24 parts of liquid paraffin, 4 to 16 parts of paraffin, and 22 to 67 of water. Share. Further preferably, the weight ratio of the auxiliary material is: 11 parts of glycerin, 3.5 parts of triethanolamine, 14 parts of stearic acid, 18 parts of liquid paraffin, 10 parts of paraffin, and 43.5 parts of water.
  • the excipient further includes 0.1 to 1 part by weight of a skin penetration enhancer, and / or 1 part by weight or more of a preservative.
  • the skin penetration enhancer is 1 part by weight; the preservative is 1 part by weight.
  • the skin penetration enhancer is azone; the preservative is a mixed preservative of ethylparaben and propylparaben, and the weight ratio of the two is 1:1.
  • the preparation method of the American cockroach extract cream of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • step d adding the aqueous phase containing the extract of the American cockroach extract in step c to the oil phase obtained in step b, stirring, Allow to stand still.
  • American cockroaches are animal drugs, their extracts are complex in composition and contain mainly protein components such as pheromones, amino acids and various insect neuropeptides.
  • the extract of the American cockroach extract as an active ingredient has specific requirements for the type and amount of the matrix.
  • the invention obtains the American cockroach extract cream by selecting a specific cream base and the ratio, and is convenient for clinical use, can be directly applied to the affected area, has good spreadability, fine texture, luster, strong stability, resistance to centrifugation, It is cold-resistant, heat-resistant, has a long shelf life, is easy to prepare, low in cost, convenient for large production, and has good application prospects.
  • Periplaneta medicinal extract prepared according to the conventional techniques in the art (for example, Patent No.: ZL200610021993.6, title of the invention: "Aromatic cockroach extract, pharmaceutical composition containing the extract and preparation method thereof"
  • the method described, or the purchase of a commercially available product can also be prepared according to the method of the present invention; hexadecanol (Chengdu Kelon Chemical Reagent Factory, 20090402) glyceryl monostearate (Chengdu Kelon Chemical Reagent Factory, 20090601 ); Liquid Paraffin (Chengdu Kelong Chemical Reagent Factory, 20090510); Lanolin (Zhonghuating Lanolin Factory, 20060117); Glycerin (Chengdu Kelon Chemical Reagent Factory, 20090101); Propylene Glycol (Medical Grade) (Chengdu Kelong Chemical Reagent Factory, 20101101 ); Pingping Plus 0 (Cosmetic Grade) (Tianjin Guangfu Fine Chemical Research Institute, 20090206
  • the present invention uses the following formulation as the basis for the matrix:
  • the single factor design is adopted, and the prescription amount of one of the factors is changed to fix other amounts, and the evaluation is made by the evaluation of the appearance, the spreadability, the centrifugal stability, the cold resistance stability, the heat resistance stability, etc., respectively.
  • the range of a factor is adopted, and the prescription amount of one of the factors is changed to fix other amounts, and the evaluation is made by the evaluation of the appearance, the spreadability, the centrifugal stability, the cold resistance stability, the heat resistance stability, etc., respectively.
  • the range of a factor is the range of a factor.
  • the oil phase and the aqueous phase in the selected matrix formulation were respectively taken in a beaker of a certain volume. Except for the amount of glycerin as shown in Table 1, the other substrates were unchanged, and the oil phase and the aqueous phase were heated in a water bath at 80 ° C for 30 minutes. The aqueous phase is added to the oil phase, and the speed is first fast and then slow, and the same direction is stirred until condensation, and the matrix is scored, and each score item accounts for 20% of the weight coefficient, with a score of 10 points and a total score of 100 points.
  • Table 1 The specific experimental parameters and results are shown in Table 1.
  • the scores of 1 ⁇ 10 are higher, especially the best from 2 ⁇ 9, which indicates that the proportion of glycerin in the prescription of the matrix is 2 ⁇ 20%, which can meet the requirements.
  • the oil phase and the aqueous phase in the selected matrix formulation were separately taken from a beaker of a certain volume, except for stearin.
  • the amount of acid is changed according to Table 2, and the other substrates are unchanged.
  • the oil phase and the water phase are heated in a water bath at 80 ° C for 30 minutes, and the water phase is added to the oil phase. The speed is first and then slow, and the same direction is stirred until condensation.
  • each score item accounts for 20% of the weight coefficient, with a score of 10 points and a total score of 100 points. Specific experimental parameters and results are shown in Table 2.
  • the oil phase and the water phase in the selected matrix formulation were respectively taken in a beaker of a certain volume. Except that the amount of triethanolamine was changed according to Table 3, the other substrates were unchanged, and the oil phase and the water phase were heated in a water bath at 80 ° C. Minutes, add the water phase to the oil phase, use the fast and slow speed, stir to condensation in the same direction, score the matrix, each score has a weight coefficient of 20%, and the score is 10 points, the total score is 100 points.
  • Table 3 The specific experimental parameters and results are shown in Table 3.
  • the oil phase and the water phase in the selected matrix formulation were respectively taken in a beaker of a certain volume. Except that the amount of liquid paraffin was changed according to Table 4, the other substrates were unchanged, and the oil phase and the water phase were heated in a water bath at 80 ° C. Minutes, add the water phase to the oil phase, use the fast and slow speed, stir to condensation in the same direction, score the matrix, each score has a weight coefficient of 20%, and the score is 10 points, the total score is 100 points.
  • Table 4 The specific experimental parameters and results are shown in Table 4.
  • the oil phase and the aqueous phase in the selected matrix formulation were respectively taken in a beaker of a certain volume. Except that the amount of paraffin was changed according to Table 5, the other substrates were unchanged, and the oil phase and the aqueous phase were heated in a water bath at 80 ° C for 30 minutes. The aqueous phase is added to the oil phase, and the speed is first fast and then slow, and the same direction is stirred until condensation, and the matrix is scored, and each score item accounts for 20% of the weight coefficient, with a score of 10 points and a total score of 100 points.
  • Table 5 The specific experimental parameters and results are shown in Table 5.
  • the effective formula for preparing the American cockroach extract cream is: 2 ⁇ 20 parts of glycerin, 3 ⁇ 6 parts of triethanolamine, 10 ⁇ 14 parts of stearic acid, 12 ⁇ 24 parts of liquid paraffin, 4 ⁇ 16 of paraffin Parts, water 20 ⁇ 69 parts.
  • the formula is: 4 to 18 parts of glycerin, 3 to 5 parts of triethanolamine, 10 to 14 parts of stearic acid, 12 to 24 parts of liquid paraffin, 4 to 16 parts of paraffin, and 22 to 67 parts of water.
  • No. 1 American cockroach extract 0.5 g, glycerin 2 g, triethanolamine 6 g, stearic acid 14 g, liquid paraffin 12 g, paraffin wax 4 g, and water 69 g were prepared into a cream, and the test samples were scored by repeating three tests.
  • No. 2 American cockroach extract 3 g, glycerin 20 g, triethanolamine 6 g, stearic acid 14 g, liquid paraffin 24 g, paraffin wax 16 g, water 20 g, made into a cream, and the test was repeated three times.
  • No. 3 1 part of American cockroach extract, 11 parts of glycerin, 3.5 parts of triethanolamine, 14 parts of stearic acid, 18 parts of liquid paraffin, 10 parts of paraffin, and 43.5 parts of water were repeated three times, and the test samples were scored.
  • No. 4 1 part of American cockroach extract, 11 parts of glycerin, 3 parts of triethanolamine, 14 parts of stearic acid, 12 parts of liquid paraffin, 16 parts of paraffin, and 44 parts of water were repeated three times, and the test samples were scored.
  • No. 5 1 part of American cockroach extract, 11 parts of glycerin, 4.5 parts of triethanolamine, 12 parts of stearic acid, 18 parts of liquid paraffin, 10 parts of paraffin, and 44.5 parts of water were repeated three times, and the test samples were scored.
  • No. 6 American cockroach extract lg, glycerin lg, triethanolamine 2g, stearic acid 8g, liquid paraffin 10g, paraffin wax 3g, water 76g, made into a cream, three times of repeated tests, the test samples were scored.
  • No. 8 American cockroach extract 2 g, glycerin 10 g, glyceryl monostearate 10 g, stearic acid 8 g, liquid paraffin 15 g, water 57 g, and a cream were prepared, and the test samples were scored by repeating three tests.
  • the formula of No. 3 is the optimal formula: 4 to 18 parts of glycerin, 3 to 5 parts of triethanolamine, and hard 10 to 14 parts of fatty acid, 12 to 24 parts of liquid paraffin, 4 to 16 parts of paraffin, and 22 to 67 parts of water.
  • the mass-to-volume ratio of the American cockroach coarse powder to water is 25:12, and the extract is obtained by flash extraction twice at a voltage of 120 volts for 3 minutes each time; (2) the extract obtained by centrifugation step (1), Centrifugal force is 4000r/min, centrifugation time is 30min, and the centrifuge liquid is obtained; (3) The centrifugation solution obtained in step (2) is freeze-dried to obtain the American cockroach extract.
  • the best matrix prescription selected according to step 1 (4 ⁇ 18 parts of glycerol, 3 ⁇ 5 parts of triethanolamine, 10 ⁇ 14 parts of stearic acid, 12 ⁇ 24 parts of liquid paraffin, 4 ⁇ 16 parts of paraffin, 22 ⁇ 67 parts of water) 6 parts of the blank matrix were prepared, and the water phase and the oil phase were dissolved by heating in a water bath at 80 ° C. After 30 minutes, the water phase was taken out, and the water phase was cooled to about 30 ° C, and 0.5%, 1%, 2% were added respectively. , 3%, 4%, 5% different proportions of the American cockroach extract, and then add the water phase to the oil phase, using the first fast and slow speed, stirring in the same direction to condense, and let stand. Observe and record the phenomenon. The results are shown in Table 7.
  • the main drug was 0.5 ⁇ 3% (w/w) of the matrix, and the cream with excellent effect could be prepared.
  • the cream and physical properties prepared by 0.5% ⁇ 1% of the main drug were the best.
  • 0.5% force mouth dose is too small, so the use of 1% dosing is optimal.
  • step 1 Based on the optimal matrix selected in step 1, other excipients were screened. For the convenience of calculation, the total mass of the best substrate selected was used as the base, and the amount of other excipients was calculated based on the base.
  • a penetration enhancer When the drug is administered through the skin or mucous membranes, it is often necessary to add a penetration enhancer to promote absorption of the active ingredient. According to experience, the choice of azone as a skin penetration enhancer and the dose of azone added are shown in Table 8.
  • the preparation of the base extract of the American cockroach extract cream has no preservative component, and the main drug added to the matrix is a water-soluble component, mainly containing amino acids, proteins, etc., which is prone to mildew and deterioration, so it is considered to add a preservative to suppress Bacteria and mold growth. Based on experience, a preservative with a mixture of ethylparaben and propylparaben (1:1) was chosen.
  • the preservative effect can be achieved by adding 0.1% or more of the preservative, and in consideration of the side effect and cost of the preservative, it is preferred to add 0.1% of ethylparaben and propylparaben which are equal to the total amount of the matrix ( 1:1) Mix preservatives.
  • the present invention prepares an extract of the American cockroach extract, which is convenient for clinical use, has fineness, luster, good spreadability, strong stability, resistance to centrifugation, cold resistance, heat resistance, long shelf life, and good clinical application prospect. . Industrial applicability
  • the invention obtains the American cockroach extract cream by selecting a specific cream base and the ratio, and is convenient for clinical use, can be directly applied to the affected area, has good spreadability, fine texture, luster, strong stability, resistance to centrifugation, It is cold-resistant, heat-resistant, has a long shelf life, is easy to prepare, low in cost, convenient for large production, and has good clinical application and industrial application prospects.

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Abstract

一种用于制备美洲大蠊提取乳膏的组合物,它包括如下重量配比的成分:甘油2-20份、三乙醇胺3-6份、硬脂酸10-14份、液体石蜡12-24份、石蜡4-16份、水20-69份。一种美洲大蠊提取物乳膏,它是以美洲大蠊提取物为活性成分,加入辅料制备而成的制剂,美洲大蠊提取物与辅料的重量配比为:美洲大蠊提取物0.5-3份、甘油2-20份、三乙醇胺3-6份、硬脂酸10-14份、液体石蜡12-24份、石蜡4-16份、水20-69份。

Description

一种美洲大蠊提取物乳膏及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及药物领域,具体涉及一种美洲大蠊提取物乳膏及其制备方法。 背景技术
美洲大蠊 (Periplaneta americana) 为昆虫纲有翅亚纲蜚蠊目蜚蠊科大蠊 属昆虫, 俗称"蟑螂", 其入药始载于 《神农本草经》 , 其中把它列为中品, 谓 "味: 咸、 寒; 治: 血瘀证、 坚寒热、 破积聚、 喉咽闭、 内寒无子"。 美洲 大蠊提取物的成分复杂, 主要化学成分为信息素类、 氨基酸和各种昆虫神经 肽类, 此外还有蜚蠊酸、 蜚蠊酮、 蟑螂油、 过敏原成分、 各种酶、 细胞色素 A、 B、 C、 甲壳素、 烟酸及微量元素等, 制备美洲大蠊提取物的药剂时, 只 有根据其有效成分选择特定的辅料才能制备得到效果良好的剂型。 近些年来 随着我国对传统中医药资源研究开发的重视, 以美洲大蠊醇提物纯化制成的 产品"康复新液",在烧伤、烫伤等外伤创面的治疗上取得的良好疗效,但是"康 复新液"为液体制剂,临床使用不方便,不便于携带和贮存,稳定性也不够好。
乳膏是软膏的一种, 是指药物与适宜基质制成的一种容易涂布于皮肤、 粘膜或创面的半固态外用制剂, 具有使用方便、 易于携带和贮存、 稳定性好 的优点, 理想的乳膏应当均匀、 细腻、 稳定而且有适宜的粘稠度、 粘着性和 涂展性。 常用的乳膏基质分为四大类, 肥皂类基质、 高级脂肪醇与脂肪醇硫 酸脂类、 司盘与吐温类基质和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚类与垸基酚聚氧乙烯醚类基 质, 具体有单硬脂酸甘油酯、 硬脂酸、 凡士林、 羊毛脂、 三乙醇胺、 鲸蜡醇、 十二垸基硫酸钠、 甘油、 吐温 -80、 十六醇、 白凡士林、 平平加 0等。
目前还未见美洲大蠊提取物乳膏的报道。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的问题, 本发明提供了一种用于制备美洲大蠊提取乳 膏的组合物, 还提供了一种美洲大蠊提取物乳膏及其制备方法。
本发明于制备美洲大蠊提取乳膏的组合物, 它包括如下重量配比的成分: 甘油 2~20份、 三乙醇胺 3~6份、 硬脂酸 10~14份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石 蜡 4~16份、 水 20~69份。
其中, 所述组合物包括如下重量配比的成分: 甘油 4~18份、 三乙醇胺 3~5份、 硬脂酸 10~14份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 22~67份。
其中, 所述组合物包括如下重量配比的成分: 甘油 11份、 三乙醇胺 3.5 份、 硬脂酸 14份、 液体石蜡 18份、 石蜡 10份、 水 43.5份。
其中, 所述组合物还包括 0.1~1重量份的皮肤促透剂, 和 /或 1重量份以 上的防腐剂。优选地, 所述皮肤促透剂为 1重量份; 所述防腐剂为 1重量份。 优选地, 所述皮肤促透剂为氮酮; 所述防腐剂为尼泊金乙酯和尼泊金丙酯混 合防腐剂, 二者的重量配比为 1 : 1。
本发明美洲大蠊提取物乳膏, 它是以美洲大蠊提取物为活性成分, 加入 辅料制备而成的制剂, 美洲大蠊提取物与辅料的重量配比为: 美洲大蠊提取 物 0.5~3份、 甘油 2~20份、 三乙醇胺 3~6份、 硬脂酸 10~14份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 20~69份。
优选地, 所述美洲大蠊提取物为 0.5~1重量份。进一步优选地, 所述美洲 大蠊提取物为 1重量份。
本发明美洲大蠊提取物, 是指美洲大蠊 ( Periplaneta americana )药材的 提取物, 可以按照本领域常规技术制备, 如, 专利号: ZL200610021993.6 , 发明名称: "美洲大蠊提取物、 含该提取物的药物组合物及其制备方法" 的 专利记载的方法, 也可以按照本发明方法制备, 还可以是市售品。
本发明美洲大蠊提取物的方法如下:
( 1 ) 取美洲大蠊粗粉, 加水, 美洲大蠊粗粉与水的质量体积比为 25 : 12, 在电压 120伏特条件下闪式提取 2次, 每次 3min, 得提取液;
( 2 ) 离心步骤 (1 )所得提取液, 转速为 4000r/min, 时间为 30min, 得 离心液;
( 3 ) 取步骤 (2 ) 所得离心液, 冷冻干燥, 即得美洲大蠊提取物。
优选地, 所述辅料的重量配比为: 甘油 4~18份、 三乙醇胺 3~5份、 硬脂 酸 10~14份、液体石蜡 12~24份、石蜡 4~16份、水 22~67份。进一步优选地, 所述辅料的重量配比为: 甘油 11份、 三乙醇胺 3.5份、 硬脂酸 14份、 液体 石蜡 18份、 石蜡 10份、 水 43.5份。
所述辅料还包括 0.1~1重量份的皮肤促透剂, 和 /或 1重量份以上的防腐 剂。
所述皮肤促透剂为 1重量份; 所述防腐剂为 1重量份。
所述皮肤促透剂为氮酮; 所述防腐剂为尼泊金乙酯和尼泊金丙酯混合防 腐剂, 二者的重量配比为 1 : 1。
本发明美洲大蠊提取物乳膏的制备方法包括如下步骤:
a、 按照前述所述配比, 取美洲大蠊提取物和辅料;
b、 取辅料, 于 70~90 °C水浴加热使其溶解, 20~40min后, 分离水相和 油相;
c、将美洲大蠊提取物溶于步骤 b制得的水相中,得含有美洲大蠊提取物 的水相;
d、 将步骤 c含有美洲大蠊提取物的水相加入步骤 b所得油相中, 搅拌, 静置, 即可。
由于美洲大蠊属于动物药, 其提取物成分复杂, 主要含有蛋白类成分, 如信息素类、 氨基酸和各种昆虫神经肽类。 以美洲大蠊提取物为活性成分制 备成乳膏, 对基质的种类和用量配比都有特定的要求。 本发明通过选择特定 的乳膏基质及配比制备得到了美洲大蠊提取物乳膏, 临床使用方便, 可直接 涂抹于患处, 涂展性好, 质地细腻、 光泽, 稳定性强, 耐离心、 耐寒、 耐热, 保质期长, 制备方法简便, 成本低廉, 方便大生产, 具有良好的应用前景。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段, 在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、 替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式, 对本发明的上述内容再作进一步 的详细说明。 但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。 凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
试验仪器和材料
仪器: 恒温干燥箱 (上海森杏实验有限公司, DGG-9240); BP211D电 子天平 (德国 Sartorius公司); 电子恒温水浴锅 (北京中兴伟业仪器有限 司, DZKW-4);高速台式离心机(TGL-16G); DL-360超声波清洗器; 电磁炉; 96孔酶标板 (NUNC MaxiSorp)
材料: 美洲大蠊药材提取物, 按照本领域常规技术制备 (如, 专利号: ZL200610021993.6, 发明名称: "美洲大蠊提取物、 含该提取物的药物组合 物及其制备方法"的专利记载的方法), 或购买市售品, 也可以按照本发明方 法制备; 十六十八醇 (成都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20090402) 单硬脂酸甘油酯 (成都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20090601 ); 液体石蜡 (成都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20090510); 羊毛脂 (中国化亭羊毛脂厂, 20060117); 甘油 (成都市科龙化 工试剂厂, 20090101 );丙二醇(医用级)(成都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20101101 ); 平平加 0 (化妆级) (天津市光复精细化工研究所, 20090206); 硬脂酸 (成 都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20090420); 白凡士林 (南昌百云药业有限公司, 20090606); 十二垸基硫酸钠(成都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20090924); 甘油(成 都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20111001 ); PEG-400 (天津市科密欧化学试剂开发中 心, 20080709); 三乙醇胺 (成都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20100101 ); 石蜡 (上 海化灵康复器械厂, 20091125 );丙三醇(成都市科龙化工试剂厂, 20110921 ); 司盘 -80 (天津市化学试剂三厂, 20090312); 吐温 -80 (广州市医药公司, 20100901 )。
实施例 1 本发明美洲大蠊提取物乳膏的制备 1、 乳膏基质处方筛选实验
1. 1基质处方
根据多次预实验的结果, 结合经验, 本发明以如下配方作为基质的基础 方:
甘油 8g 硬脂酸 12g 三乙醇胺 3g 液体石蜡 18g 石蜡 8g 蒸 馏水加至 100g 好好好好好好好好好
制法: 取以上五组基质处方的油相和水相于一定容量的烧杯中, 80°C水 浴加热 30分钟 (预实验所得结果该温度与乳化时间最优), 将水相加入油相 好好好好好好好好
中, 采用先快后慢的速度, 同一方向搅拌至冷凝。
1. 2基质处方各成分的用量范围筛选
根据筛选出基质处方, 采用单因素设计, 改变其中一个因素的处方用量 而固定其他用量, 通过外观、 涂展性、 离心稳定性、 耐寒稳定性、 耐热稳定 性等指标的评价, 分别优选每一因素的范围。
1. 2. 1甘油用量范围筛选
分别取筛选出的基质处方中的油相和水相于一定容量的烧杯中, 除甘油 用量按表 1中变化外, 其他基质不变, 将油相和水相在 80°C水浴加热 30分 钟, 将水相加入油相中, 采用先快后慢的速度, 同一方向搅拌至冷凝, 对基 质评分, 各评分项均占 20%的权重系数, 满分各 10分, 总分为 100分。 具 体实验参数及结果见表 1。
表 1甘油用量范围筛选结果
Figure imgf000005_0001
4 ++ ++ ++ 100 6 ++ ++ ++ 100
4 ++ ++ ++ 100 5 0 ++ ++ ++ 100 6 2 ++ ++ ++ 100 7 4 ++ ++ ++ 100
++ ++ ++ 100 ++ ++ ++ 100
0 较好 ++ ++ ++ 90 注: "++"无变化, "+"变粗, "-"分层。 "++"与 "好" 占该项打分系 数的满分, "+ "与 "较好" 占 50%, "-"与 "差" 占 25%。
结论:根据综合加权评分结果, 1~10号的得分均较高,尤以 2~9号最优, 说明甘油在基质处方中所占比例为 2~20%时均能满足要求, 所占比例为
4~18%时更优。
1. 2. 2硬脂酸用量范围筛选
分别取筛选出的基质处方中的油相和水相于一定容量的烧杯中, 除硬脂 酸用量按表 2中变化外, 其他基质不变, 将油相和水相在 80°C水浴加热 30 分钟, 将水相加入油相中, 采用先快后慢的速度, 同一方向搅拌至冷凝, 对 基质评分, 各评分项均占 20%的权重系数, 满分各 10分, 总分为 100分。 具体实验参数及结果见表 2。
表 2硬脂酸用量范围筛选结果
^^好好好较较
4 好好好
好好 25 6 25
35
0 慰慰好好好 ++ ++ ++ 100 好好好
2 ++ ++ ++ 100 4 ++ ++ ++ 100
+ 40 + 30 + 30 + 30 注: "++"无变化, "+"变粗, "-"分层。 "++"与 "好" 占该项打分系 数的满分, "+ "与 "较好" 占 50%, "-"与 "差" 占 25%。
结论: 根据综合加权评分结果表明, 4~6号有较高综合得分, 说明硬脂 酸在基质处方中所占比例为 10~14%时均能满足要求。
1. 2. 3三乙醇胺用量范围筛选
分别取筛选出的基质处方中的油相和水相于一定容量的烧杯中, 除三乙 醇胺用量按表 3中变化外,其他基质不变,将油相和水相在 80°C水浴加热 30 分钟, 将水相加入油相中, 采用先快后慢的速度, 同一方向搅拌至冷凝, 对 基质评分, 各评分项均占 20%的权重系数, 满分各 10分, 总分为 100分。 具体实验参数及结果见表 3。
表 3三乙醇胺用量范围筛选结果
++ + ++ 60 ++ + ++ 60 ++ ++ ++ 100
4 ++ ++ ++ 100 5 ++ ++ ++ 100 6 较好 ++ ++ ++ 80 7 ++ ++ ++ 75
++ ++ ++ 70 ++ ++ ++ 70
0 ++ ++ ++ 70 注: "++"无变化, "+ "变粗, "-"分层。 "++"与 "好" 占该项打分系 数的满分, "+ "与 "较好" 占该项打分系数的 50%, "-"与 "差" 占该项打 分系数的 25%。
结论: 根据综合加权评分结果, 3~6号有较高综合得分, 尤以 3~5号最 优, 说明三乙醇胺在基质处方中所占比例为 3~6%时均能满足要求, 所占比 例为 3~5%时更优。
1. 2. 4液体石蜡用量范围筛选
分别取筛选出的基质处方中的油相和水相于一定容量的烧杯中, 除液体 石蜡用量按表 4中变化外,其他基质不变,将油相和水相在 80°C水浴加热 30 分钟, 将水相加入油相中, 采用先快后慢的速度, 同一方向搅拌至冷凝, 对 基质评分, 各评分项均占 20%的权重系数, 满分各 10分, 总分为 100分。 具体实验参数及结果见表 4。
表 4液体石蜡用量范围筛选结果
编号 液体石蜡 (g ) 外观性状 涂展性 离心稳定性 耐寒稳定性 耐热稳定性 得分
1 10 好 较好 + + + 60
2 12 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
3 14 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
4 16 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
5 18 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
6 20 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
7 22 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
8 24 好 较好 ++ ++ ++ 100
9 26 较好 较好 + ++ ++ 70
10 28 较好 较好 + + ++ 60 注: "++"无变化, "+ ' '变粗, 力 /? "++,,与 '好" 占该项打分系 数的满分, "+ "与 "较好" 占 50%, "-"与 "差" 占 25%。
结论: 根据综合加权评分结果, 2~8号有较高综合得分, 说明液体石蜡 在基质处方中所占比例为 12~24%时均能满足要求。
1. 2. 5石蜡用量范围筛选
分别取筛选出的基质处方中的油相和水相于一定容量的烧杯中, 除石蜡 用量按表 5中变化外, 其他基质不变, 将油相和水相在 80°C水浴加热 30分 钟, 将水相加入油相中, 采用先快后慢的速度, 同一方向搅拌至冷凝, 对基 质评分, 各评分项均占 20%的权重系数, 满分各 10分, 总分为 100分。 具 体实验参数及结果见表 5。
表 5石蜡用量范围筛选结果
编号 石蜡 (g ) 外观性状 涂展性 离心稳定性 耐寒稳定性 耐热稳定性 得分 2 较好 较好 + + + 50
4 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
6 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
8 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
10 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
12 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
14 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
16 好 好 ++ ++ ++ 100
18 较好 较好 + + + 50
20 差 较好 + + 40 注: "++"无变化, "+"变粗, "-"分层。 "++"与 "好" 占该项打分系 数的满分, "+ "与 "较好" 占 50%, "-"与 "差" 占 25%。
结论: 根据综合加权评分结果, 2~8号有较高综合得分, 说明液体石蜡 在基质处方中所占比例为 4~16%时均能满足要求。
根据上述实验结果, 制备美洲大蠊提取物乳膏的有效配方为: 甘油 2~20 份、 三乙醇胺 3~6份、 硬脂酸 10~14份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 20~69份。优选地的配方为:甘油 4~18份、三乙醇胺 3~5份、硬脂酸 10~14 份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 22~67份。
1. 3 基质配比的筛选和验证
根据上述筛选结果, 进行进一步的筛选和验证:
编号 1 : 美洲大蠊提取物 0.5g、 甘油 2g、 三乙醇胺 6g、 硬脂酸 14g、 液 体石蜡 12g、 石蜡 4g、 水 69g, 制成乳膏, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行 评分。
编号 2: 美洲大蠊提取物 3g、 甘油 20g、 三乙醇胺 6g、 硬脂酸 14g、 液 体石蜡 24g、 石蜡 16g、 水 20g, 制成乳膏, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行 评分。
编号 3 : 美洲大蠊提取物 1份、 甘油 11份、 三乙醇胺 3.5份、 硬脂酸 14份、 液体石蜡 18份、 石蜡 10份、 水 43.5份, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品 进行评分。
编号 4: 美洲大蠊提取物 1份、 甘油 11份、 三乙醇胺 3份、 硬脂酸 14 份、 液体石蜡 12份、 石蜡 16份、 水 44份, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行 评分。
编号 5 : 美洲大蠊提取物 1份、 甘油 11份、 三乙醇胺 4.5份、 硬脂酸 12份、 液体石蜡 18份、 石蜡 10份、 水 44.5份, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品 进行评分。 编号 6: 美洲大蠊提取物 lg、 甘油 lg、 三乙醇胺 2g、 硬脂酸 8g、 液体石 蜡 10g、 石蜡 3g、 水 76g, 制成乳膏, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行评分。
编号 7: 美洲大蠊提取物 2g、 甘油 10g、 硬脂酸 8g、 液体石蜡 15g、 水 67g, 制成乳膏, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行评分。
编号 8: 美洲大蠊提取物 2g、 甘油 10g、 单硬脂酸甘油酯 10g、 硬脂酸 8g、 液体石蜡 15g、 水 57g, 制成乳膏, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行评分。
编号 9: 美洲大蠊提取物 2g、 硬脂酸 2.5g、 单硬脂酸甘油酯 1.8g、 液体 石蜡 2.5g、 白凡士林 2g、 十二垸基硫酸钠 lg、 甘油 6g 、 PEG-400 5g 、 蒸馏 水 79.2g, 制成乳膏, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行评分。
编号 10: 美洲大蠊提取物 2g、 硬脂酸 7.5g、 单硬脂酸甘油酯 2.5g、 液体 石蜡 13g、 白凡士林 0.5g、 甘油 2g、 丙三醇 5g、 司盘 80 0.4g、 吐温 80 1.6g、 蒸馏水 67.5g, 制成乳膏, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行评分。
编号 11 : 美洲大蠊提取物 2g、 硬脂酸 4g、 单硬脂酸甘油酯 lg、 液体石 蜡 5g、 白凡士林 lg、 三乙醇胺 0.6g、 吐温 80 0.4g、 甘油 12g、 蒸馏水 76g, 制成乳膏, 重复三次试验, 对试验样品进行评分。
实验结果如表 6所示:
表 ^ 6 筛选和验证实验(n=3)
Figure imgf000009_0001
由表 6可以看出, 基质配方在本发明范围以内 (编号 1~5 )时, 制得的美 洲大蠊提取物乳膏效果优良, 基质配方在本发明范围以外 (编号 6~11 ), 如, 成分的配比或者基质种类在本发明范围外时, 难以制得美洲大蠊提取物乳膏; 编号 3所述配方为最优配方: 甘油 4~18份、 三乙醇胺 3~5份、 硬脂酸 10~14 份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 22~67份。 水, 美洲大蠊粗粉与水的质量体积比为 25 : 12, 在电压 120伏特条件下闪式 提取 2次, 每次 3min, 得提取液; (2) 离心步骤 (1 ) 所得提取液, 离心力 为 4000r/min, 离心时间为 30min, 得离心液; (3 ) 取步骤 (2)所得离心液, 冷冻干燥, 即得美洲大蠊提取物。
按步骤 1筛选出的最佳基质处方 (甘油 4~18份、 三乙醇胺 3~5份、 硬 脂酸 10~14份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 22~67份) 配制空白 基质 6份, 分别于 80 °C水浴加热使水相和油相溶解, 30分钟后将水相取出, 待水相冷却至 30°C左右, 分别加入 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%不同比例 的美洲大蠊提取物, 再将水相加入油相中, 采用先快后慢的速度, 同一方向 搅拌至冷凝, 静置。 观察并记录现象。 结果见表 7。
表 7加药量考察
含药量 外观性状 涂展性 离心实验 * 耐寒试验 耐热试验
0.5 % 光泽, 细腻, 乳白色 好 无油水分层 无明显变化 无明显变化
1 % 光泽, 细腻, 象牙白色 好 无油水分层 无明显变化 无明显变化
2% 光泽, 细腻, 淡黄色 较好 无油水分层 稍变干 无明显变化
3% 干燥, 细腻, 棕黄色 较好 无油水分层 稍变干 稍有沉淀析出
4% 干燥, 粗糙, 棕黄色 差 无油水分层 变干 稍有沉淀析出
5% 干燥, 粗糙, 棕黄色 差 无油水分层 变干 稍有沉淀析出 注: * 离心转速为 10000r/min,30分钟。
结果表明, 主药量为基质的 0.5~3% (w/w)均可以制备得到效果优良的乳 膏, 其中, 以 0.5%~1%的主药量制备的乳膏性状和物理性质最优良, 0.5%力口 药量太小, 故采用 1%加药量为最优。
3其他辅料的考察
在步骤 1筛选的最佳基质的基础上, 筛选其他辅料, 为了方便计算, 以 筛选出的最佳基质的质量总数为基数, 以此基数为基础计算加入其他的辅料 的量。
3. 1 皮肤促透剂的考察
药物在经皮肤或粘膜吸收发挥疗效时, 常需加入渗透促进剂以促进有效 成分的吸收。 根据经验, 选择氮酮作为皮肤促透剂, 对加入氮酮的剂量考察 结果见表 8。
表 8皮肤促透剂加入量考察
含量 外观性状 涂展性 离心实验 * 耐寒试验 耐热试验
0.1 % 光泽, 细腻 好 无油水分层 无明显变化 无明显变化 0.5 % 光泽, 细腻 好 无油水分层 无明显变化 无明显变化
1% 光泽, 细腻 好 无油水分层 无明显变化 无明显变化
2% 干燥, 细腻 好 无油水分层 稍变干 稍油水分层
3% 干燥, 结块 好 油水分层 变干 稍油水分层 注: * 离心转速为 10000r/min,30分钟。
结果表明: 加入 2%、 3%氮酮后, 样品的外观和稳定性受到了不同程度 的影响, 力口入 0.1%、 0.2%和 1%的氮酮后, 样品外观、 涂展性、 稳定性均较 好。 表明在本发明乳膏中, 加入 0.1~1%的氮酮是较优的。
3. 2 防腐剂的选择
制备美洲大蠊提取物乳膏的基质处方中无防腐成分, 而加入到基质中的 主药是水溶性成分, 主要含氨基酸、 蛋白质等, 较容易长霉和变质, 故考虑 加入防腐剂以抑制细菌和霉菌生长。 根据经验, 选择用尼泊金乙酯和尼泊金 丙酯 (1:1 ) 混合防腐剂。
在制备好的 5份样品中分别加入 0.01%、 0.05%、 0.1%、 0.15%、 0.2% 的 防腐剂, 放置 1月后观察样品变化并记录, 结果表明加入 0.01%、 0.05%的样 品出现少量霉点, 力口入 0.1%、 0.15%和 0.2%的样品均未出现霉点, 且样品外 观无显著差别
表明在本发明乳膏中, 加入 0.1%以上防腐剂可以达到防腐的效果, 考虑 防腐剂的副作用以及成本,优选加入等于基质总量的 0.1%的尼泊金乙酯和尼 泊金丙酯 (1:1 ) 混合防腐剂。 综上, 本发明制备得到了美洲大蠊提取物乳膏, 方便临床使用, 细腻、 光泽、 涂展性好、 稳定性强, 耐离心、 耐寒、 耐热, 保质期长, 具有良好的 临床应用前景。 工业应用性
本发明通过选择特定的乳膏基质及配比制备得到了美洲大蠊提取物乳 膏, 临床使用方便, 可直接涂抹于患处, 涂展性好, 质地细腻、 光泽, 稳定 性强, 耐离心、 耐寒、 耐热, 保质期长, 制备方法简便, 成本低廉, 方便大 生产, 具有良好的临床应用和工业应用前景。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种用于制备美洲大蠊提取乳膏的组合物, 其特征在于: 它包括如下 重量配比的成分: 甘油 2~20份、三乙醇胺 3~6份、硬脂酸 10~14份、 液体石 蜡 12~24份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 20~69份。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的组合物, 其特征在于: 它包括如下重量配比的 成分: 甘油 4~18份、 三乙醇胺 3~5份、 硬脂酸 10~14份、 液体石蜡 12~24 份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 22~67份。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的组合物, 其特征在于: 它包括如下重量配比的 成分: 甘油 11份、 三乙醇胺 3.5份、 硬脂酸 14份、 液体石蜡 18份、 石蜡 10 份、 水 43.5份。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的组合物, 其特征在于: 它还包括 0.1~1重量份 的皮肤促透剂, 和 /或 1重量份以上的防腐剂。
5、 根据权利要求 4 所述的组合物, 其特征在于: 所述皮肤促透剂为 1 重量份; 所述防腐剂为 1重量份。
6、根据权利要求 4所述的组合物,其特征在于:所述皮肤促透剂为氮酮; 所述防腐剂为尼泊金乙酯和尼泊金丙酯混合防腐剂, 二者的重量配比为 1:1。
7、 一种美洲大蠊提取物乳膏, 其特征在于: 它是以美洲大蠊提取物为活 性成分, 加入辅料制备而成的制剂, 美洲大蠊提取物与辅料的重量配比为: 美洲大蠊提取物 0.5~3份、 甘油 2~20份、 三乙醇胺 3~6份、 硬脂酸 10~14 份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石蜡 4~16份、 水 20~69份。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的乳膏, 其特征在于: 所述辅料的重量配比为: 甘油 4~18份、 三乙醇胺 3~5份、 硬脂酸 10~14份、 液体石蜡 12~24份、 石 蜡 4~16份、 水 22~67份。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的乳膏, 其特征在于: 所述辅料的重量配比为: 甘油 11份、 三乙醇胺 3.5份、 硬脂酸 14份、 液体石蜡 18份、 石蜡 10份、 水 43.5份。
10、 根据权利要求 7所述的乳膏, 其特征在于: 所述辅料还包括 0.1~1 重量份的皮肤促透剂, 和 /或 1重量份以上的防腐剂。
11、 根据权利要求 10 所述的乳膏, 其特征在于: 所述皮肤促透剂为 1 重量份; 所述防腐剂为 1重量份。
12、根据权利要求 10所述的乳膏,其特征在于:所述皮肤促透剂为氮酮; 所述防腐剂为尼泊金乙酯和尼泊金丙酯混合防腐剂, 二者的重量配比为 1:1。
13、 根据权利要求 7所述的乳膏, 其特征在于: 所述美洲大蠊提取物为 0.5-1重量份。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的乳膏, 其特征在于: 所述美洲大蠊提取物为 1重量份。
15、 根据权利要求 7所述的乳膏, 其特征在于: 所述美洲大蠊提取物按 照如下方法制备:
( 1 ) 取美洲大蠊粗粉, 加水, 美洲大蠊粗粉与水的质量体积比为 25 : 12, 在电压 120伏特条件下闪式提取 2次, 每次 3min, 得提取液;
(2) 离心步骤 (1 )所得提取液, 转速为 4000r/min, 时间为 30min, 得 离心液;
(3 ) 取步骤 (2) 所得离心液, 冷冻干燥, 即得美洲大蠊提取物。
16、 权利要求 7~15 任意一项所述美洲大蠊提取物乳膏的制备方法, 其 特征在于: 它包括如下步骤:
a、 按照权利要求 7~15任意一项所述所述配比, 取美洲大蠊提取物和辅 料;
b、 取辅料, 于 70~90°C水浴加热使其溶解, 20~40min后, 分离水相和 油相;
c、将美洲大蠊提取物溶于步骤 b制得的水相中,得含有美洲大蠊提取物 的水相;
d、 将步骤 c含有美洲大蠊提取物的水相加入步骤 b所得油相中, 搅拌, 静置, 即可。
PCT/CN2013/086867 2013-01-21 2013-11-11 一种美洲大蠊提取物乳膏及其制备方法 WO2014110934A1 (zh)

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