WO2014103789A1 - 車両空調システム、及びこれを備えた鉄道車両 - Google Patents
車両空調システム、及びこれを備えた鉄道車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014103789A1 WO2014103789A1 PCT/JP2013/083708 JP2013083708W WO2014103789A1 WO 2014103789 A1 WO2014103789 A1 WO 2014103789A1 JP 2013083708 W JP2013083708 W JP 2013083708W WO 2014103789 A1 WO2014103789 A1 WO 2014103789A1
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- vehicle
- air
- air conditioning
- conditioning system
- center position
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00371—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. buses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/24—Devices purely for ventilating or where the heating or cooling is irrelevant
- B60H1/241—Devices purely for ventilating or where the heating or cooling is irrelevant characterised by the location of ventilation devices in the vehicle
- B60H1/245—Devices purely for ventilating or where the heating or cooling is irrelevant characterised by the location of ventilation devices in the vehicle located in the roof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioning system installed in a large vehicle such as a railway vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, or a bus, and a rail vehicle including the vehicle air conditioning system.
- air in the cabin is sucked through the suction port by the air conditioner, and the temperature-adjusted air is blown into the cabin as conditioned air from the outlets provided on the left and right sides of the vehicle body or the left and right sides of the ceiling. Is done.
- the conditioned air blown into the cabin from the left and right outlets of the vehicle body merges at the vehicle center in the vehicle width direction and is blown down as a downdraft at the vehicle center.
- a downdraft occurs in the center of the vehicle in this way, there is no problem with a vehicle having a passage in the center of the vehicle, but vehicles with different numbers of seats on the left and right of the vehicle, for example, three-row seats and two-row seats.
- Patent Document 1 As a conventional technique for preventing such a draft from occurring, for example, there is a technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, assuming a case where the number of seats on the left and right is different, such as a 3-row seat and a 2-row seat.
- the present invention is a technique for arbitrarily adjusting the left and right blowing air volume ratios in order to generate a downdraft on a different path from the vehicle center.
- the air volume ratio between the third row seat side and the second row seat side is 54:
- the best setting is 46.
- the present invention was made to solve such problems, and in a structure in which the left and right blown air volumes are of the same level, a vehicle air conditioning system capable of preventing the occurrence of discomfort without directly applying conditioned air to the passengers, And it aims at providing a rail vehicle provided with this.
- the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the vehicle air-conditioning system according to the first aspect of the present invention sucks cabin air in a vehicle body in which the vehicle body center position and the passage center position are different because the number of seats is different between the left and right sides of the passage in the vehicle width direction.
- a vehicle air conditioning system having an air conditioner that sends conditioned air adjusted in temperature into a passenger cabin, First and second outlets that are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center position of the vehicle body and blow out conditioned air of substantially the same air volume into the vehicle; An air conditioning member that sets a confluence position of each airflow blown from the first and second air outlets to a position that internally divides a line segment connecting the vehicle body center position and the passage center position; It is provided with.
- the first and second outlets arranged on both sides of the vehicle body in the vehicle width direction blow out the same amount of air into the vehicle, so there are no disadvantages in terms of cost, performance, and installation space with respect to the duct and blower.
- the vehicle body where the vehicle body center position and the passage center position are different in the vehicle width direction if both airflows are simply merged at the passage center position, the airflow flowing from the vehicle body center to the passage center side tends to be stronger, The passenger on the aisle seat may be exposed to the strong airflow described above.
- the merging position of the airflows blown from the first and second air outlets internally divides the line segment connecting the vehicle body center position and the passage center position.
- the position for example, it can be arranged slightly closer to the center of the vehicle body than the center of the passage. Therefore, the passengers in the left and right passage side seats are not directly exposed to the conditioned air, and the generation of discomfort can be prevented.
- the railway vehicle according to the second aspect of the present invention includes the vehicle air conditioning system according to the first aspect described above.
- the passengers are not directly exposed to conditioned air to prevent the occurrence of discomfort. Can do.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows schematic structure in an example of the vehicle air conditioning system of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a detailed view of one air conditioning plate shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 It is detail drawing of the other wind regulation board shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 and FIG.4 it is a figure which shows schematic structure in the other example of the vehicle air conditioning system shown in FIG.
- FIG.1 and FIG.4 it is a figure for demonstrating the arrangement
- FIG.2 shows schematic structure in an example of the vehicle air conditioning system of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 8 It is a figure which shows schematic structure in an example of the conventional general vehicle air conditioning system. It is sectional drawing in the cross section A shown in FIG. It is a top view of the air conditioner shown in FIG. 8, and is a figure which shows schematic structure. It is a figure which shows schematic structure in the other example of the conventional general vehicle air conditioning system. It is sectional drawing in the cross section A shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing in the cross section B shown in FIG.
- a vehicle air conditioning system according to an embodiment and a railway vehicle including the vehicle air conditioning system will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a detailed description of already well-known matters and a duplicate description of substantially the same configuration may be omitted.
- the contents of the following description and the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the subject matter described in the claims.
- a railway vehicle is taken as an example of a vehicle body including the vehicle air-conditioning system.
- the vehicle air-conditioning system in the embodiment is not limited to a railway vehicle, and is a large-sized aircraft, ship, bus, or the like. It can be applied to a vehicle or the like.
- the vehicle air conditioning systems 50 and 51 are systems that maintain a constant cabin temperature by cooling and heating, and roughly include an air conditioner 30 and a duct 40.
- the air conditioner 30 is a device that sucks in the cabin air 2 and sends out the conditioned air 3 whose temperature has been adjusted.
- the structure of the air conditioner 30 is not limited to these configurations as long as the above-described function of the air conditioner 30 is satisfied.
- the duct 40 is a cavity connected to the air conditioner 30, and is installed along the vehicle length direction 5 on the left and right sides of the vehicle body in the vehicle width direction 4 as shown in FIG. Has a blowout outlet.
- the shape of the duct 40 is not particularly limited, the cross-sectional area in the cross section perpendicular to the vehicle length direction 5 may be changed according to the distance from the air conditioner 30. In such a case, the duct 40 is connected to one air conditioner 30. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the duct 40 and the duct 40 connected to the other air conditioner 30 is preferably changed so as to be kept substantially constant.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a vehicle air conditioning system 50 in which the air conditioner 30 and the duct 40 are arranged on the passenger room ceiling 1a of the railway vehicle 1.
- 8 shows a configuration in which a set of an air conditioner 30 and a duct 40 is provided at each of the front and rear end portions of the railway vehicle 1 and the duct 40 is divided into front and rear in the vehicle length direction 5.
- the duct 40 may be disposed, and the installation position of the air conditioner 30 may be closer to the center in the vehicle length direction 5.
- the air conditioner 30 is provided only at one of the front and rear ends, and the duct 40 is disposed over the entire length of the vehicle, or the air conditioner 30 is provided near the center of the vehicle length direction 5 and the air conditioner 30 is sandwiched between the front and rear directions. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the duct 40 is arranged on the front.
- the duct 40 includes an underfloor duct 41, an underfloor duct 42, an upright duct 43, a ceiling duct 44, and a return duct 45.
- the underfloor duct 41 is connected to the air conditioner 30 in the underfloor portion 1b, and supplies the conditioned air 3 discharged from the air conditioner 30 to the underfloor duct 42.
- the in-floor duct 42 is disposed in the floor of the vehicle body on both the left and right sides of the vehicle body in the vehicle width direction 4 and extends in the vehicle length direction 5.
- the rising duct 43 is connected to the floor duct 42 and is raised to the vehicle body ceiling along the left and right side structures 7 of the vehicle body.
- the rising ducts 43 are arranged at regular intervals in the vehicle length direction 5.
- the ceiling ducts 44 are arranged on the left and right sides of the vehicle body at the ceiling 1a, are connected to the rising ducts 43, and extend in the vehicle length direction 5, respectively.
- each ceiling duct 44 has a blower outlet that blows out the conditioned air 3 supplied from the air conditioner 30 through the underfloor duct 41, the underfloor duct 42, and the rising duct 43 into the passenger compartment.
- the return duct 45 is a duct that passes through the vehicle body floor and guides the cabin air 2 to the air conditioner 30 in the lower floor portion 1b.
- the suction duct 45 sucks the cabin air 2 into the seat floor portion of the cabin. It has a mouth 45a.
- Embodiment 1 The vehicle air-conditioning system of the present embodiment also basically adopts the configuration of the vehicle air-conditioning system 50 or the vehicle air-conditioning system 51 described above, but the vehicle air-conditioning systems 50 and 51 are different in that they have the characteristic configuration described below. Is different.
- the vehicle air conditioning system 101 of the present embodiment has different vehicle body center positions 10 and passage center positions 11 due to different seat numbers on the left and right sides of the passage 9 in the vehicle width direction 4. 1 is installed.
- the case where the number of right and left cabin seats across the passage 9 in the vehicle width direction 4 is three rows and two rows of seats 6 is taken as an example, but the number of seats is limited to this. For example, it may be two rows or one row.
- a plurality of seats 6 are arranged along the vehicle length direction 5.
- the vehicle air conditioning system 101 also includes the air conditioner 30 having the above-described configuration. In the vehicle air conditioning system 101, as in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the air conditioners 30 are respectively arranged on the ceiling portions 1a at both ends of the vehicle body in the vehicle length direction 5, and the ducts 40 are connected to the ceiling portions 1a from the air conditioners 30. Is extended in the vehicle length direction 5.
- the ducts 40 are installed on both sides in the vehicle width direction 4, and each air conditioner 30 discharges the conditioned air 3 to the ducts 40 on both sides substantially evenly.
- the vehicle air conditioning system 101 having such a configuration includes first and second air outlets 111 and 112 and a wind regulation member 120 as characteristic components.
- the first and second air outlets 111 and 112 are openings provided in the left and right ducts 40 extending from the air conditioners 30, and are openings for blowing the conditioned air 3 from the air conditioners 30 into the cabin. Along each duct 40, a continuous opening is made in the vehicle length direction 5.
- the first air outlets 111 correspond to the three rows of seats
- the second air outlets 112 correspond to the rows of the seats.
- the 1st blower outlet 111 and the 2nd blower outlet 112 are arrange
- the structure of the air-conditioning device 30 or the structure of the duct 40 is not changed on the left and right sides in the vehicle width direction 4.
- the conditioned air 3 is discharged from the first and second outlets 111 and 112 equally or substantially uniformly. Therefore, in the vehicle air-conditioning system 101 of this embodiment, an increase in the types of air-conditioning related manufacturing parts and the occurrence of mounting errors on the left and right during construction can be suppressed. Can be easily replaced. Moreover, there is no noise generation and no additional control. Therefore, the vehicle air conditioning system 101 is an advantageous system in terms of cost, performance, and installation space.
- the air conditioning member 120 connects the vehicle body center position 10 and the passage center position 11 at a confluence position 115 of the airflows 3 a and 3 b blown from the first and second air outlets 111 and 112. It is a member that is set to a position that internally divides the line segment.
- the air current blown from the first air outlet 111 to the guest room is the air current 3a
- the air current blown from the second air outlet 112 to the guest room is the air current 3b.
- the merge position 115 is a position that internally divides a line segment connecting the vehicle body center position 10 and the passage center position 11 into a ratio of, for example, 20:80 to 86:14.
- the air conditioning member 120 By providing the air-conditioning member 120 that performs such an action, the airflows 3a and 3b blown out from the first and second air outlets 111 and 112 to the cabin become a downdraft in the region of the passage 9 in the cabin and face downward. Flowing into.
- the air conditioning member 120 corresponds to the air conditioning plates 121 and 122 attached to the first and second air outlets 111 and 112.
- the air conditioning plates 121 and 122 are strip-shaped plate materials and extend continuously along the vehicle length direction 5 to the first and second air outlets 111 and 112.
- the conditioned plates 121 and 122 are respectively merged positions 115 in the cabin.
- the first air outlet 111 and the second air outlet 112 have different angles with respect to the horizontal direction of the air conditioning plates 121 and 122. That is, the air conditioning plate 121 provided at the first air outlet 111 is oriented at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the horizontal direction, and the air conditioning plate 122 provided at the second air outlet 112 is inclined at an angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the horizontal direction. Is oriented.
- the ceiling surface may be horizontal or inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. 3A and 3B show a case where the ceiling surface is inclined.
- the angle ⁇ 1 is, for example, 17 degrees to 22 degrees.
- the angle ⁇ 2 is set to about 20 degrees as an example, and the angle ⁇ 2 is set to, for example, 27 degrees to 41 degrees, and is set to about 30 degrees as an example.
- the installation positions of the first and second outlets 111 and 112 from the vehicle body center position 10 in the vehicle width direction 4 are changed, the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are also changed accordingly.
- the length L (FIG. 3A) of the air conditioning plates 121 and 122 along the blowing direction of the airflows 3a and 3b is about 20 mm
- the plate thickness t (FIG. 3A) is about 3 mm.
- the confluence position 115 of 3a and 3b can be set to a position that internally divides the line segment connecting the vehicle body center position 10 and the passage center position 11 to the above ratio as described above. It can arrange
- airflow is relatively applied to passengers on the side of the passage 9 in the three-row seat, but according to the vehicle air conditioning system 101 of the present embodiment, such a tendency is improved.
- the passengers in the left and right aisle seats are not directly exposed to the conditioned air, so that discomfort can be prevented.
- the air conditioning plates 121 and 122 are installed in a form projecting inward of the cabin with respect to the first and second air outlets 111 and 112, but the first and first air conditioning plates are not projected. You may install in two blower outlets 111,112. Further, the first and second air outlets 111 and 112 and the air conditioning plates 121 and 122 may be integrally formed.
- the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are changed as described above in the present embodiment.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the above-described angles in the air conditioning plates 121 and 122, At least one parameter of the length L, the thickness t, and the number of sheets may be changed.
- the air conditioner 30 may be installed in the lower floor portion 1b instead of the cabin ceiling portion 1a.
- the conditioned air 3 discharged from the air conditioner 30 is the first provided in the ceiling duct 44 via the underfloor duct 41, the underfloor duct 42, the rising duct 43, and the ceiling duct 44 as described above.
- the air is blown out from the second air outlets 111 and 112 through the air conditioning plates 121 and 122 into the cabin.
- the cabin air 2 is sucked from a suction port 45 a provided in the floor portion of the seat 6 and returned to the air conditioner 30 through the return duct 45.
- the first and second air outlets 111 and 112 are located in the center of the vehicle body in the air outlet section 116 extending from the upper side of the seat 6 to the upper surface of each cargo rack 8 in the cabin ceiling 1a. They can be arranged at positions symmetrical with respect to the position 10.
- the respective cargo racks 8 are installed on the left and right side structures 7 of the vehicle body 1 in the vehicle width direction 4 so as to project toward the cabin and extend in the vehicle length direction 5.
- the suction port 45a can also be disposed at a position in the suction port section 117 from the passage 9 side of the seat 6 to the window side.
- the suction port 45a When the suction port 45a is disposed in the suction port section 117, for example, the suction port 45a is disposed at a position that is equidistant or substantially equidistant from the passage center position 11. This is because the airflow position of the conditioned air is set to the passage center position 11 by equalizing the suction forces on the left and right sides of the vehicle body as viewed from the passage center position 11.
- the components related to the air conditioner 30 and the duct 40 have the same configuration without changing the respective configurations on the left and right.
- This configuration is advantageous in terms of cost, performance, and installation space.
- the air conditioning member 120 it is possible to prevent the generation of discomfort without directly applying conditioned air to the passenger.
- Embodiment 2 In the first embodiment described above, the example in which the air conditioning plates 121 and 122 are used as the air conditioning member 120 has been described.
- the vehicle air conditioning system 102 according to the second embodiment a mode in which the cargo rack 8 is used as the air conditioning member 120 will be described.
- the air conditioner 30 is disposed in the underfloor portion 1b, and the first and second air outlets 111 and 112 are provided on the lower surface of the cargo rack 8, as shown in FIG.
- a suction port 45 a that sucks the cabin air 2 is provided in the floor portion of the seat 6.
- the suction port 45a can be disposed at an equidistant or substantially equidistant position with respect to the passage center position 11.
- the first and second outlets 111 and 112 are arranged for each of the rising ducts 43 in the vehicle length direction 5 in correspondence with the rising ducts 43 installed at a predetermined interval as shown in FIG.
- the air outlets of the rising ducts 43 may be continuously arranged in communication with each other in the vehicle length direction 5.
- Other components in the vehicle air conditioning system 102 are the same as those in the vehicle air conditioning system 101 described above. Therefore, the description of the same components is omitted here.
- the air conditioning member 120 corresponds to the left and right cargo racks 8 in the vehicle width direction 4, and one cargo rack 8 has a lower surface having a shape different from that of the other cargo rack 8.
- the air conditioning member 120 is one load shelf 81, and this load shelf 81 has a lower surface 130 different from the lower surface of the other load shelf 82.
- the cargo rack 81 corresponds to the cargo rack 8 located on the opposite side of the passage center position 11 in the vehicle width direction 4.
- the load shelf 81 has a wedge-shaped cross section in which the cross section in the vehicle width direction 4 gradually increases in thickness from the base portion 81a of the load shelf 81, which is an attachment portion to the left and right side structures 7, toward the front end 81b of the load shelf 81.
- the lower surface 130 is provided. Further, the lower surface 130 of the cargo rack 81 is provided on the cargo rack 81 continuously along the vehicle length direction 5.
- the merging position 115 of the airflows 3a and 3b is divided into a position that internally divides a line segment connecting the vehicle body center position 10 and the passage center position 11, for example, within the ratio of 20:80 to 86:14 as described above. It can be set to a position to be divided. Therefore, also in the vehicle air-conditioning system 102 of the second embodiment, the conditioned air 3 does not directly hit the passengers in the left and right passage side seats, and the occurrence of discomfort can be prevented.
- the lower surface 130 as the air conditioning member 120 is the lower surface of the cargo rack 81 located on the side opposite to the passage center position 11, but the merging position 115 is set to the above-described internal division position. Therefore, the cargo rack 82 located on the side of the passage center position 11 may also have a lower surface different from the lower surface 130 of the cargo rack 81.
- the member 120 may be formed.
- the protrusion 131 is formed continuously in the vehicle length direction 5 along the lower surface of the load shelf 81.
- the position can be set so as to be internally divided into the ratio of 20:80 to 86:14. Therefore, the conditioned air 3 is not directly applied to the passengers in the left and right passage side seats, and the generation of discomfort can be prevented.
- the lower surface 130 and the protrusion 131 described above may be formed separately from the load shelf 81 or may be molded integrally with the load shelf 81.
- the suction port 45a that sucks the cabin air 2 is disposed at a position in the suction port section 117 from the passage 9 side of the seat 6 to the window side in the floor portion of the seat 6. be able to.
- the suction port 45a can be disposed at the lower part of the seat 6 that is equidistant or substantially equidistant from the passage center position 11 as described above, for example.
- first and second air outlets 111 and 112 are installed on the left and right side structures 7 of the vehicle body 1 corresponding to the lower surface of the cargo rack 8, and suck in the cabin air 2.
- the air conditioning plates 121 and 122 described in the first embodiment are replaced with the first and second air outlets 111 and 112 in place of the configuration of the lower surface 130 and the protrusion 131 described above. You may install in. Even in such a configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effect as described above.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to a vehicle including two or more passages such as an aircraft and a ship.
- the air conditioning member 120 may be provided so that the airflow merges at a position that internally divides the line connecting the vehicle body center position 10.
- the present invention can be applied to, for example, a vehicle air conditioning system in a large vehicle such as a railway vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, and a bus, and a railway vehicle equipped with the same.
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Abstract
Description
このように車両中心部で下降気流が発生する場合、車両中心部に通路が位置する車両では問題は生じないが、車両の左右で、例えば3列席と2列席のように、座席数が異なる車両では、3列席における通路席の乗客に下降気流があたってしまう。人体に不快感を与える気流をドラフトと呼ぶが、客室内ではドラフトの発生を防止するため、客室内の風速をある程度以下に抑制することが必要である。
1.左右で異なるダクト構成にする、
2.左右で同じダクト構成としたときには、
A)左右のダクトに対して1台の送風機で送風を行う場合には、風量を減らしたい側のダクトあるいは吹出口に、絞りなどの抵抗部材を付加する、
B)左右のダクトに対して2台以上の送風機を1台のモータで駆動して使用する場合には、同一回転で性能の異なる送風機を使用する、同一回転で性能の等しい送風機を使用し各回転数を異ならせる、又は、風量を減らしたい側のダクトあるいは吹出口に、絞りなどの抵抗部材を付加する、
C)左右のダクトに対して2台以上の送風機を2台以上のモータで駆動して使用する。
即ち、左右で異なるダクトあるいは送風機を使用する場合には、空調関係の製造部品種類の増加、及び施工時において左右での取り付けミス発生の恐れ、が生じ得る。また、絞りなど抵抗部材を付加する場合には、騒音発生の恐れが生じる。1台のモータにて同軸で2台の送風機を駆動する場合に各回転数を異ならせるには、変速機が必要となる。さらに、モータを2台以上使用する場合には機器数が増加する。いずれの場合も部品点数及び設置スペースの増加、などが考えられる。
これらはいずれも、コスト、性能、及び設置スペースの観点において不利である。
即ち、本発明の第1態様における車両空調システムは、車幅方向において通路を挟んで左右で座席数が異なることで車体中心位置と通路中心位置とが異なる車体において、客室内空気を吸引して温度調整した調和空気を客室内へ送り込む空調装置を有する車両空調システムであって、
車体中心位置に対して左右対称の位置に配置され、略同等風量の調和空気を車内へ吹き出す第1及び第2の吹出口と、
この第1及び第2の吹出口から吹き出される各気流の合流位置を、上記車体中心位置と上記通路中心位置とを結ぶ線分を内分する位置に設定する整風部材と、
を備えたことを特徴とする。
また、以下に説明する実施の形態では、当該車両空調システムを備える車体として鉄道車両を例に採るが、実施形態における車両空調システムは、鉄道車両に限定されず、航空機、船舶、バスなどの大型車両等にも適用することが可能である。
車両空調システム50、51は、冷房及び暖房によって客室の車内温度を一定に維持するシステムであり、大きく分けて、空調装置30とダクト40とを備える。ここで空調装置30は、客室内空気2を吸引し温度調整した調和空気3を送出する装置であり、図10に示すように、客室内空気2の吸引口31、温度調整用の熱交換器32、ブロワー33、及びブロワー駆動用モータ34を有する。また空調装置30の構造は、空調装置30の上述の機能を満足する限りこれらの構成に限定するものではない。
ダクト40は、空調装置30に接続された空胴体であり、図9に示すように車幅方向4における車体の左右にて車長方向5に沿って設置され、調和空気3を客室である車内へ吹き出す吹出口を有する。尚、ダクト40の形状は特に限定されないが、空調装置30からの距離に応じて、車長方向5に垂直な断面における断面積を変化させてもよく、かかる場合、一方の空調装置30に接続されたダクト40と他方の空調装置30に接続されたダクト40との断面積の和は、略一定に保たれるように変化させることが好ましい。
本実施形態の車両空調システムも、基本的には、上述した車両空調システム50又は車両空調システム51の構成を採るが、以下に説明する特徴的な構成を有する点で車両空調システム50、51とは相違する。
第1及び第2の吹出口111,112は、各空調装置30から延在する左右それぞれのダクト40に設けられ、空調装置30からの調和空気3を客室内へ吹き出す開口部であり、左右の各ダクト40に沿って車長方向5に連続して開口している。ここでは説明の便宜上、3列の座席側に対応して第1吹出口111、2列の座席側に対応して第2吹出口112とする。第1吹出口111及び第2吹出口112は、車体中心位置10に対して車幅方向4において左右対称位置に配置され、それぞれ同程度の風量の調和空気3を客室内へ送り出す。
したがって、本実施形態の車両空調システム101では、空調関係の製造部品種類の増加、及び施工時において左右での取り付けミス発生を抑制することができ、また仮に取り付けミスが発生しても、客室内から容易に交換が可能である。また、騒音発生、別個の制御追加の発生もない。よって車両空調システム101は、コスト、性能、及び設置スペースの観点において有利なシステムである。
このような作用を行う整風部材120を設けることで、第1及び第2の吹出口111,112から客室へ吹き出される各気流3a、3bは、客室内の通路9の領域で下降気流となり下向きに流れる。
また本実施形態では、整風部材120は、第1及び第2の吹出口111,112に取り付けた整風板121、122が相当する。整風板121、122は、短冊状の板材であり、第1及び第2の吹出口111,112に車長方向5に沿って連続して延在する。
また、一実施例として整風板121、122の、気流3a,3bの吹き出し方向に沿った長さL(図3A)は、約20mm、板厚t(図3A)は約3mmである。
吸引口区間117に吸引口45aを配置する場合には、例えば、通路中心位置11に対して等距離もしくは略等距離の位置に配置する。これは、通路中心位置11から見た車体左右両側における吸引力を等しくすることにより、調和空気の気流位置を通路中心位置11とするためである。
上述の実施形態1では、整風部材120として整風板121、122を用いた例を説明した。一方、本実施の形態2の車両空調システム102では、整風部材120として荷棚8を利用する形態を説明する。また、本実施の形態2の車両空調システム102では、空調装置30は床下部分1bに配置され、第1及び第2の吹出口111,112は、図6に示すように、荷棚8の下面に対応して車体1の左右側構体7に設置される。また、客室内空気2を吸引する吸引口45aは、座席6の床部分に設けられる。このとき吸引口45aは、例えば上述のように、通路中心位置11に対して等距離もしくは略等距離の位置に配置することができる。尚、第1及び第2の吹出口111,112は、車長方向5において、図11に示すように規定の間隔で設置される立上ダクト43に対応して立上ダクト43毎に配置してもよいし、立上ダクト43毎の吹出口を車長方向5において互いに連通して連続的に配置してもよい。
車両空調システム102におけるその他の構成部分は、上述の車両空調システム101の場合と変わらない。よって、同じ構成部分について、ここでの説明は省略する。
したがって、本実施形態2の車両空調システム102においても、左右いずれの通路側座席の乗客にも、直接調和空気3は当たらず、不快感の発生を防止することができる。
尚、上述の下面130及び突起131は、荷棚81と別体で形成してもよいし、荷棚81と一体で成型してもよい。
また、実施の形態1で説明したように、客室内空気2を吸引する吸引口45aは、座席6の床部分において座席6の通路9側から窓側に至る吸引口区間117内の位置に配置することができる。またこの場合、吸引口45aは、例えば上述のように、通路中心位置11から等距離もしくは略等距離となる座席6の下部に配置することができる。
このような構成においても、上述と同様の効果を得ることが可能である。
本発明は、添付図面を参照しながら好ましい実施形態に関連して充分に記載されているが、この技術の熟練した人々にとっては種々の変形や修正は明白である。そのような変形や修正は、添付した請求の範囲による本発明の範囲から外れない限りにおいて、その中に含まれると理解されるべきである。
又、2012年12月27日に出願された、日本国特許出願No.特願2012-285030号の明細書、図面、特許請求の範囲、及び要約書の開示内容の全ては、参考として本明細書中に編入されるものである。
4…車幅方向、5…車長方向、6…座席、7…左右側構体、8…荷棚、
10…車体中心位置、11…通路中心位置、30…空調装置、
45a…吸引口、101,102…車両空調システム、
111…第1吹出口、112…第2吹出口、115…合流位置、
120…整風部材、121,122…整風板、130…下面、
131…突起。
Claims (8)
- 車幅方向において通路を挟んで左右で座席数が異なることで車体中心位置と通路中心位置とが異なる車体において、客室内空気を吸引して温度調整した調和空気を客室内へ送り込む空調装置を有する車両空調システムであって、
車体中心位置に対して左右対称の位置に配置され、略同等風量の調和空気を車内へ吹き出す第1及び第2の吹出口と、
この第1及び第2の吹出口から吹き出される各気流の合流位置を、上記車体中心位置と上記通路中心位置とを結ぶ線分を内分する位置に設定する整風部材と、
を備えたことを特徴とする車両空調システム。 - 上記合流位置は、上記車体中心位置と上記通路中心位置とを結ぶ線分を20:80~86:14の比に内分する位置である、請求項1に記載の車両空調システム。
- 上記整風部材は、上記吹出口に配置した整風板であり、水平面に対するその配置角度、空気吹出方向における整風板の長さ、整風板の厚さ、及び整風板の枚数の少なくとも一つを、上記第1及び第2の吹出口で異ならせて上記合流位置を設定する、請求項1又は2に記載の車両空調システム。
- 上記車体の左右両側に、客室に向けて突出し、車長方向に延びる荷棚をさらに備え、
上記第1及び第2の吹出口は、上記各荷棚の上面から客室天井部の位置であって、上記車体中心位置を中心として車幅方向において対称位置に配置される、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の車両空調システム。 - 上記車体の左右両側に、客室に向けて突出し、車長方向に延びる荷棚をさらに備え、
上記第1及び第2の吹出口は、上記各荷棚の下側に配置され、
上記整風部材は、上記各荷棚であり、一方の荷棚は、他方の荷棚と異なる形状の下面を有する、請求項1に記載の車両空調システム。 - 上記車体の左右両側に、客室に向けて突出し、車長方向に延びる荷棚をさらに備え、
上記第1及び第2の吹出口は、上記各荷棚の下側に配置され、
上記整風部材は、左右一方の荷棚の下面に設けられ、下方に向けた突起である、請求項1に記載の車両空調システム。 - 通路を挟んだ座席の下部に配置され、通路中心位置からの距離が略等しい少なくとも2つの客室内空気吸引口をさらに備える、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の車両空調システム。
- 請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の車両空調システムを備えたことを特徴とする鉄道車両。
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BR112015015156A BR112015015156A2 (pt) | 2012-12-27 | 2013-12-17 | sistema de condicionamento de ar em veículo, e, vagão ferroviário |
CN201380068632.5A CN104884328B (zh) | 2012-12-27 | 2013-12-17 | 车辆空调系统及具有该车辆空调系统的铁道车辆 |
RU2015124382A RU2616490C2 (ru) | 2012-12-27 | 2013-12-17 | Система кондиционирования воздуха транспортного средства и оснащенное этой системой железнодорожное транспортное средство |
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