WO2014071772A1 - 吡咯并喹啉醌的二钠盐结晶 - Google Patents
吡咯并喹啉醌的二钠盐结晶 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the invention relates to a novel crystallization of a disodium salt of pyrroloquinoline quinone and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
- PQQ Pyrroloquinoline Quinone
- PQQ-deficient mice have slow growth, poor reproductive ability, and are prone to joint inflammation, which may be one of the essential vitamins in the body;
- PQQ protects the liver from CC14 or alcohol damage;
- purified PQQ reduces glucocorticoid-induced cataract formation during chick embryo development;
- PQQ protects nerve cells from NMDA toxicity, thereby preventing brain ischemia Hypoxia, to avoid severe shock in animal models;
- PQQ also has prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, and effective prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
- PQQ can be prepared by fermentation and chemical synthesis.
- the crystalline form of PQQ disodium salt obtained by these methods is unstable and highly hygroscopic. In the temperature range of normal temperature storage, the humidity changes greatly, and the solid state is not ideal, thus causing the application and storage of PQQ disodium salt. Very adverse effects.
- Patent Document 1 Application No. CN201080031945, Application Date: June 9, 2010
- Patent Document 1 Application No. CN201080031945, Application Date: June 9, 2010
- the crystal has high hygroscopicity and is not suitable for processing and storage. Therefore, in view of the application of PQQ in various aspects such as pharmacy, health care, food science, etc., there is an urgent need in the art to obtain PQQ crystals having high stability, excellent processability and storability in a high purity state and Preparation. Summary of the invention
- One of the main objects of the present invention is to provide a stable PQQ disodium salt crystal and a preparation method thereof from the viewpoints of crystallinity, stability, hygroscopicity and/or processability.
- the inventors of the present invention screened and obtained a crystal form suitable for applications such as medicine, food, health care, etc. by designing crystallization conditions of the PQQ disodium salt.
- a disodium salt crystal A of pyrroloquinoline quinone wherein the crystal A has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained by Cu- ⁇ ray diffraction and is diffracted at a 2 ⁇ angle as follows Peaks: 9.6 ⁇ 0.2 °, 11.6 ⁇ 0.2 °, 14.9 ⁇ 0.2 °, 16.0 ⁇ 0.2 °, 18.8 ⁇ 0.2.
- the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the crystal A obtained by Cu-K ⁇ -ray diffraction has a diffraction peak at a temperature of 2 ⁇ as follows: 9.2 ⁇ 0.2. , 9.6 ⁇ 0.2. , 11.6 ⁇ 0.2. , 13.5 ⁇ 0.2. 14.9 + 0.2°, 16.0 ⁇ 0.2°, 18.2 ⁇ 0.2°, 18.8 ⁇ 0.2. 19.4 ⁇ 0.2°, 20.4 ⁇ 0.2°, 21.9 ⁇ 0.2°, 22.7 ⁇ 0.2.
- the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the crystalline ruthenium obtained by Cu-K alpha ray diffraction is substantially as shown in Fig. 1.
- the hygroscopicity of the disodium salt crystals A 65 to 80% RH is less than 3% at 25 °C.
- the change in wettability of the disodium salt crystal A at 25 ° C from 65% RH to 80% RH is less than 1%, preferably less than 0.6%.
- thermogravimetric analysis curve of the disodium salt crystal A in the range of 30-400 ° C is substantially as shown in Fig. 2.
- the disodium salt crystal A is a dihydrate.
- the differential scanning calorimetry pattern obtained by the disodium salt crystal A in the range of 50-280 ° C at a scan rate of 10 ° C/min is substantially as shown in FIG.
- a disodium salt crystal of pyrroloquinoline quinone said crystal B
- the X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained by Cu-K ⁇ -ray diffraction has diffraction peaks at the following 2 ⁇ angles: 8.1 ⁇ 0.2°, 9.0 ⁇ 0.2°, 10.1 ⁇ 0.2. 13.7 ⁇ 0.2°, 16.4 ⁇ 0.2°, 17.6 ⁇ 0.2°, 18.2 ⁇ 0.2°, 23.9 ⁇ 0.2°, 25.8 ⁇ 0.2°, 27.2 ⁇ 0.2°, 31.0 ⁇ 0.2°, 39.5 ⁇ 0.2°.
- the X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained by Cu-K ⁇ ray diffraction of the crystalline ruthenium has a peak intensity of less than 600 at the following 2 ⁇ angle.
- the peak intensity of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained by Cu-K ⁇ ray diffraction of the crystal enthalpy at the following 2 ⁇ angle is (2 ⁇ /peak intensity): 9.0 517, 10.1 366, 16.4 107, 23.9 582, 27.2°/51 1 (The peak intensity may vary somewhat depending on the experimental and sample conditions, etc., but the range of the difference is within the range that one of ordinary skill in the art can expect).
- the moisture content of the disodium salt crystal B at 65 to 80% RH is lower than or equal to 12.0% at 25 °C.
- the change in wettability of the disodium salt crystal B at 25 ° C from 65% RH to 80% RH is less than 1.5%, preferably less than or equal to 1.0%.
- the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the crystal B obtained by Cu-K alpha ray diffraction is substantially as shown in Fig. 5.
- thermogravimetric analysis curve of the disodium salt crystal enthalpy in the range of 30-400 ° C is substantially as shown in Fig. 6.
- the disodium salt crystal B is a dihydrate.
- the differential scanning calorimetry pattern obtained by the disodium salt crystal B in the range of 50-280 ° C at a scanning rate of 10 ° C / min is substantially as shown in FIG.
- a process for the preparation of the disodium salt crystal A of the invention the preparation method being selected from the group consisting of:
- the solvent is evaporated to dryness at 60 ° C to obtain the disodium salt crystal A;
- (C) Antisolvent precipitation crystallization method Dissolving pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt in a high solubility solvent at a temperature range of 20 to 60 ° C, and adding a low solubility antisolvent to the resulting system to precipitate the second Sodium salt crystal A, wherein, at 25 ° C, the solubility of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt in the high solubility solvent is 0.35 g / 100 g solvent, pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt in the low solubility antisolvent The solubility in the solution is 0.15 g / 100 g of solvent.
- the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt is prepared by chemical synthesis or fermentation production. In another preferred embodiment, the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt contains or does not contain crystals.
- the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt may or may not contain impurities, and the purity thereof is
- the mass-to-volume ratio g/L between the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt and the initially used solvent is from 100:1 to 1:100.
- the mass-to-volume ratio g/L between the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt and the initially used solvent is from 100:1 to 1:50, preferably from 100:1 to 1:1.
- the mass-to-volume ratio g/L between the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt and the initially used solvent is 50:1 to 1:100, preferably
- the methods (A) to (C) are carried out at room temperature to 55 ° C, preferably 25 to 50 ° C, more preferably room temperature, 25 ° C or 50 ° C.
- the agitation time in the methods (A) and (B) is at least 2 hours, preferably 2 hours to 10 days, more preferably 2 hours to 7 days.
- the volatilization time in the method (B) is at least 2 hours, preferably 2 hours to 14 days, more preferably 2 hours to 10 days; and the volatilization can be carried out under vacuum.
- the purity of the PQQ disodium salt obtained by the method according to any one of the methods (A) to (C) is determined by high performance liquid chromatography to be higher than 99.0%, preferably higher than 99.5%, more It is preferably higher than 99.8%.
- the solvents used in the methods (A), (B), and (C) are each selected from the group consisting of, wherein the ratio is a volume ratio:
- the high solubility solvent in the method (C) is water, and the low solubility antisolvent is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran.
- the solvent for carrying out the process (A) at 25 ° C is selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, water, methanol: water, ethanol: water, acetone: water, acetonitrile: water, tetrahydrofuran: Water, methanol: hexane, ethanol: hexane, acetonitrile: hexane, tetrahydrofuran: hexane, methanol: methyl tert-butyl ether, ethanol: methyl tert-butyl ether, methanol: toluene, ethanol: toluene, acetonitrile: Toluene, methanol: methyl isobutyl ketone, wherein the volume ratio of each solvent in each mixed solvent is 5:1-1:5, preferably 2:1 to 1:2, more preferably 1:1.
- the solvent for carrying out the process (A) at 50 ° C is selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, acetamidine, hydrazine, methanol: water, ethanol: water, acetonitrile: water, tetrahydrofuran : water, methanol: hexane, ethanol: hexane, acetonitrile: hexane, toluene: hexane, methanol: methyl tert-butyl ether, ethanol: methyl tert-butyl ether, methanol: toluene, ethanol: toluene, acetonitrile Toluene, methanol: methyl isobutyl ketone, wherein the volume ratio of each solvent in each mixed solvent is 5:1 to 1:5, preferably 2:1 to 1:2, more preferably 1:1.
- the solvent used in carrying out the method (B) at 25 ° C is selected from the group consisting of methanol: water (1:2 to 1:6), ethanol: water (1:2 to 1:6). , Isopropanol: water (1:2), acetone: water (2:9 ⁇ 1:4), acetonitrile: water (2:5 ⁇ 1:4), tetrahydrofuran: water (2:5 ⁇ 1:4) .
- the solvent for carrying out the process (B) at 50 ° C is selected from the group consisting of methanol: water (1:6), ethanol: water (1:2), isopropanol: water (1) : 2), Acetone: water (2:9), acetonitrile: water (2:5 to 1:4), tetrahydrofuran: water (2:5).
- a process for the preparation of the disodium salt crystals B of the invention the process being selected from the group consisting of:
- the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt is prepared by chemical synthesis or fermentation production.
- the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt contains or does not contain crystals.
- the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt may or may not contain impurities, and the purity thereof is
- the mass-to-volume ratio g/L between the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt and the initially used solvent is 100:1 to 1:100. .
- the mass-to-volume ratio g/L between the pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt and the initially used solvent is from 100:1 to 1:50, preferably from 100:1 to 1:1.
- the mass-to-volume ratio g/L between pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt and the initially used solvent is 50:1 to 1:100, preferably
- the method ( ⁇ ') ⁇ ( ⁇ ') is carried out at room temperature to 55 ° C, preferably 25 to 50 ° C, more preferably room temperature, 25 ° C or 50 ° C.
- the stirring time in the method ( ⁇ ') is at least 2 hours, preferably 2 hours to 10 days, more preferably 2 hours to 7 days.
- the volatilization time in the process ( ⁇ ') is at least 2 hours, preferably 2 hours to 14 days, more preferably 2 hours to 10 days; and the volatilization can be carried out under vacuum.
- the solvents used in the methods ( ⁇ ') and ( ⁇ ') are each selected from the group consisting of:
- the solvent when the method ( ⁇ ') is carried out at 25 ° C is selected from the group consisting of acetone, isopropanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, hexanthene, hydrazine, Methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isobutyl ketone, methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, nitroguanidine, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone: acetamidine, methyl ethyl ketone: ethyl hydrazine, nitroguanidine: ⁇ , ethyl acetate: acetamidine, methyl tert-butyl ether: acetamidine, toluene: acetamidine, acetone: methyl tert-butyl ether,
- the solvent at the time of the process ( ⁇ ') at 50 ° C is selected from the group consisting of acetone, isopropanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl t-butyl Ether, methyl isobutyl ketone, methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, nitroformamidine, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone: ethyl hydrazine, methyl ethyl ketone: ethyl hydrazine, tetrahydrofuran: ethyl hydrazine, nitroguanidine: ⁇ , ethyl acetate: acetamidine, methyl tert-butyl ether: acetamidine, acetone: methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl e
- the solvent used in the process ( ⁇ ') at 25 ° C is isopropanol: water (1:4).
- the solvent at the time of carrying out the process ( ⁇ ') at 50 ° C is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran: water (1:4).
- the purity of the PQQ disodium salt obtained by the method of any one of the methods ( ⁇ ') to ( ⁇ ') is determined by high performance liquid chromatography to be higher than 98.0%, preferably higher than 99%. More preferably, it is higher than 99.5%.
- a composition or package comprising:
- the composition or package is selected from the group consisting of a pharmaceutical composition, a functional food, a vocabulary, an additive, a microbial growth inhibitor, and a preservative.
- the disodium salt crystals are added in an amount of 0.001 wt% to 99.99 wt%, preferably 0.01 ⁇ [% to 99.0 wt%, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ [% to 90] by weight of the composition. Wt%.
- the form of the disodium salt crystals in the composition or package is selected from the group consisting of: powder, granules, or pellets, preferably in powder form.
- the composition or package is for one or more uses selected from the group consisting of: growth promoting, anti-inflammatory, zinc-increasing, preventing liver disease, reducing cataract formation, preventing cancer, Promote nerve regeneration, prevent myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, hangover, prevent/resolve or treat senile dementia, inhibit microbial growth, and prolong food preservation time.
- composition or package may further comprise one or more other active substances having an activity selected from the group consisting of: growth promoting, anti-inflammatory, zinc increasing, lead prevention, liver disease prevention, reduction Cataract formation, anti-cancer, promotion of nerve regeneration, prevention of myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, hangover, prevention/remission or treatment of senile dementia, inhibition of microbial growth or prolonged food preservation time.
- active substances having an activity selected from the group consisting of: growth promoting, anti-inflammatory, zinc increasing, lead prevention, liver disease prevention, reduction Cataract formation, anti-cancer, promotion of nerve regeneration, prevention of myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, hangover, prevention/remission or treatment of senile dementia, inhibition of microbial growth or prolonged food preservation time.
- a disodium salt crystal of pyrroloquinoline quinone of the present invention A The disodium salt crystal of pyrroloquinoline quinone of the invention B, the disodium salt of pyrroloquinoline quinone prepared by the method of the invention, and/or the pyrrole prepared by the method of the invention
- the pharmaceutical composition or functional food may further comprise one or more other active substances having an activity selected from the group consisting of: growth promotion, anti-inflammatory, zinc-increasing, lead prevention, and prevention of liver diseases.
- growth promotion anti-inflammatory, zinc-increasing, lead prevention, and prevention of liver diseases.
- Other aspects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure. Also, those skilled in the art can effectively combine the various features and aspects described herein, and such combinations are still within the scope of the present application.
- Figure 1 X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of the crystal A obtained in Example 1;
- FIG. 1 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) chart of Crystal A obtained in Example 1;
- FIG. 4 Hygroscopicity analysis (DVS) chart of the crystal A obtained in Example 1;
- Figure 5 X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of the crystal B obtained in Example 4.
- FIG. 7 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) chart of the crystal B obtained in Example 4.
- FIG. 8 Hygroscopicity analysis (DVS) chart of the crystal B obtained in Example 4.
- Fig. 9 X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of the crystal C obtained in Comparative Example 1;
- Fig. 10 Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) chart of the crystal C obtained in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG 11 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) chart of the crystal C obtained in Comparative Example 1;
- Figure 12 Hygroscopicity analysis (DVS) chart of the crystal C obtained in Comparative Example 1.
- Figure 13A Superposition comparison of XRPD spectra of crystals A, B and crystal C;
- Fig. 13B XRPD spectrum of crystal A, B and crystal C are superimposed and enlarged 1 ;
- Figure 13C XRPD pattern of crystallized A, B and crystal C.
- Figure 14 Superposition comparison of TG spectra of crystal A, B and crystal C
- Figure 15 Superposition comparison of DSC spectra of crystal A, B and crystal C
- Figure 16 DVS spectrum overlay of crystallization A, B and crystallization C;
- Figure 17A Raman spectrum overlay comparison of crystals A, B and crystal C;
- Figure 17B Raman spectrum overlay magnification comparison of crystal A, B and crystal C 1;
- Figure 17C Raman spectrum of the crystals A, B and crystallization C.
- FIG 18A Infrared spectroscopy (IR) spectra of crystals A, B and crystallization C are superimposed;
- Figure 18B IR spectra of crystals A, B and crystal C are superimposed and enlarged 1;
- Figure 18C IR spectra of crystals A, B and crystal C are superimposed and enlarged 2;
- Figure 19 XRPD of Crystalline A, B, Crystalline C and Crystalline D (JACS, Journal of the American Chemical Society, August 1989, Vol. 111, No. 17, 6822-6828, shown as single crystal PQQ sodium salt crystals) Spectral overlay comparison;
- the inventors have obtained long-term and in-depth research and obtained PQQ disodium salt crystals A and B, and unexpectedly found that the crystal has excellent properties such as high purity, low moisture absorption and good stability, and its storage and use are better.
- the known PQQ disodium salt solids are more convenient and are particularly suitable for use in the preparation of compositions or packages comprising PQQ disodium salt. On this basis, the inventors have completed the present invention.
- crystal has the meaning conventionally known in the art, that is, a solid consisting of a crystalline material whose internal structural points (e.g., atoms, molecules) are arranged in a translational periodicity.
- the terms "pyroloquinoline quinone” and “PQQ” are used interchangeably and refer to a compound of the formula I as defined above.
- the PQQ disodium salt used can be obtained by a conventional method in the art, for example, by a fermentation method (for example, Patent Document CN 101228963 B) and an organic chemical synthesis method (J. Am). . Chem. Soc, 1981, 103, 5599 ⁇ 5600) Preparation.
- the PQQ disodium salt used in the raw material may be crystalline or amorphous.
- the raw materials used may also contain impurities.
- the solubility of the PQQ disodium salt in different solvents can be determined by a conventional method before the preparation of the crystallization, and The crystals of the invention are then prepared using a suitable solvent.
- the solubility of PQQ disodium salt in various solvents can be determined by the following method:
- PQQ disodium salt crystal A can be obtained by the method (A) suspension crystallization method, method (B) slow evaporation method or method (C) anti-solvent precipitation crystallization method.
- PQQ disodium salt is dissolved in 0.5 to 5 ml of a solvent having a high solubility, and then 4 to 20 ml of a solvent (anti-solvent) highly insoluble to PQQ disodium salt is added, and precipitation is precipitated to obtain crystals.
- solvents which can be used in the operation of the method (A) at 50 ° C include, but are not limited to: acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, acetamidine, hydrazine, methanol: water (1:1), ethanol: water (1: 1), acetonitrile: water (1:1), tetrahydrofuran: water (1:1), methanol: hexane (1:1), ethanol: hexane (1:1), acetonitrile: hexane (1:1) , Toluene: hexane (1:1), Methanol: Methyl tert-butyl ether (1:1), Ethanol: Methyl tert-butyl ether (1:1), Methanol: Toluene (1:1), Ethanol: Toluene (1:1), Ethanol: Toluene (1:1), acetonitrile: toluene (1:1), m
- the stirring is carried out at 25 ° C and 50 ° C, preferably, stirring is carried out as needed, and then the solvent is evaporated under vacuum, and the stirring time is preferably 2 h to 7 d.
- solvents used in the slow volatilization method at (3) 50 ° C including methanol: water (1:6), ethanol: water (1 : 2), isopropanol: water (1:2), acetone: water (2:9), acetonitrile: water (2:5; 1:4), tetrahydrofuran: water (2:5).
- the mass to volume ratio (g/L) of the raw material to the solvent is from 10:1 to 1:100.
- the stirring balance described in the method (B) is preferably carried out as needed, and then the solvent is evaporated at 25 ° C and 50 ° C, and the drying time is preferably 2 h to 10 d.
- the time for precipitation of the anti-solvent after the addition of the anti-solvent described in the method (C) is set to 2h to 2d.
- Very high purity crystal A can be obtained by the method (A), (B) or (C) of the present invention, and its purity can be determined to be more than 99.8% by high performance liquid chromatography.
- PQQ disodium salt crystallization B can be obtained by a method ( ⁇ ') suspension crystallization method or a method ( ⁇ ') slow evaporation method.
- the crystallization enthalpy can be prepared by carrying out the method ( ⁇ ') or ( ⁇ ') at 25 ° C and 50 ° C.
- One of ordinary skill in the art can adjust the conditions in these methods based on common sense:
- solvents that can be used in the process at 50 ° C include, but are not limited to: acetone, isopropanol, isoamyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl tert-butyl ether, Methyl isobutyl ketone, chloroform, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, nitroformamidine, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone: ethyl hydrazine (1:1), methyl ethyl ketone: ethyl hydrazine (1:1), tetrahydrofuran: acetamidine (1:1), nitroformamidine: acetamidine (1:1), ethyl acetate: acetamidine (1:1), methyl tert-butyl ether: acetamidine (1:1), Acetone: methyl tert
- the crystallization B is prepared by the method ( ⁇ '), and when stirring is carried out at 25 ° C and 50 ° C, stirring is preferably carried out as needed, and then the solvent is evaporated under vacuum, and the stirring time is preferably 2 h to 7 d.
- solvents that can be used in the process at 25 ° C, including but not limited to: isopropanol: water (1:4), etc.; can be used in the process ( ⁇ ') at 50 ° C
- solvents include, but are not limited to: tetrahydrofuran: water (1:4).
- the mass to volume ratio (g/L) of the raw material to the solvent is from 10:1 to 1:100.
- the mixture is stirred and balanced in the operation, it is preferred to carry out stirring as needed, and then the solvent is evaporated at 25 ° C and 50 ° C, and the drying time is preferably 2 h to 10 d.
- the inventors further studied the properties of PQQ disodium salt crystals using various methods and instruments.
- X-ray powder diffraction also known as “X-ray polycrystalline diffraction (XRD or SRPD)" is a commonly used test method for determining crystal structure (ie, crystal form).
- An X-ray powder diffractometer is used to generate a series of diffraction patterns when X-rays are transmitted through the crystal. The different diffraction lines and their intensities in the spectrum are determined by the atomic groups of a certain structure, thereby determining the specific crystal structure of the crystal.
- the PQQ disodium salt crystal of the present invention has a specific crystal morphology which has a specific characteristic peak in an X-ray diffraction pattern.
- the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of crystal A obtained by Cu-K ⁇ -ray diffraction has a diffraction peak at about 2 ⁇ angle: 9.2. , 9.6. 11.6. 13.5. 14.9. , 16.0. 18.2. 18.8. 19.4. 20.4. 21.9. 22.7. , 23.2. 23.8. 25.6. 26.4. 27.3. 28.4. 30.7. 31.7. 32.4. 33.7. , 35.0. 35.8. 36.7. , 38.0. , 38.6. PQQ disodium salt crystals (all ⁇ 0.2%).
- the X-ray powder diffraction pattern obtained by crystallizing cerium by Cu-K ⁇ ray diffraction has diffraction peaks at about 2 ⁇ angles as follows: 8.1°, 9.0°, 10.1. , 13.7. 16.4. 17.6. 18.2. 23.9. 25.8. 27.2. , 31.0. , Crystallization of PQQ disodium salt at 39.5° (both ⁇ 0.2°).
- the measurement of the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ of the above X-ray powder diffraction was carried out under the following measurement conditions.
- the above peaks can also be observed by other conventional X-ray powder diffraction instruments equipped with a monochromator. Further, the above-described crystal shape specified in the present invention may contain a measurement error, and therefore, the peak value is considered to be reasonable as long as it is within the measurement error range.
- the crystal of the present invention can also be characterized and studied by conventional methods such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (CTG), and infrared scanning (IR).
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- CCG thermogravimetric analysis
- IR infrared scanning
- the crystal ruthenium and the crystal ruthenium of the present invention may be a hydrate (e.g., a dihydrate) having a melting point above the decomposition temperature thereof as long as it has a measurement peak of a diffraction angle of 2 ⁇ of the above X-ray powder diffraction.
- the crystals A and B of the present invention have significantly reduced hygroscopicity, so that the crystal of the present invention is not easily hygroscopic in application and storage to form undesirable forms such as agglomerates, thereby having good stability and Processability.
- Application of the crystal of the invention is a hydrate (e.g., a dihydrate) having a melting point above the decomposition temperature thereof as long as it has a measurement peak of a diffraction angle of 2 ⁇ of the above X-ray powder diffraction.
- PQQ has the pharmacological effects of promoting growth, anti-inflammatory, zinc-increasing lead, preventing liver disease, reducing cataract formation, anti-cancer, promoting nerve regeneration, preventing and treating myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis, PQQ also inhibits microbial growth in foods and can extend the shelf life of food.
- the PQQ crystal A and the crystal B of the present invention can be used in combination with a "pharmaceutically or physiologically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" as an active ingredient of various compositions by oral, spraying, intranasal, or transdermal. The skin and other routes are given to the desired subject.
- the PQQ disodium salt crystal A and/or B active ingredient in the composition of the present invention is 0.001 to 99.9% by weight based on the total weight of the composition; preferably from 1 to 95% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. More preferably, it is 10 to 80% by weight.
- the balance is a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and other additives.
- the term "pharmaceutically or physiologically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to a carrier for use in a nutraceutical or pharmaceutical formulation, including various excipients and diluents, which are not necessarily active in themselves. No, and no or no excessive toxicity after application. Suitable carriers are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are described in detail in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Pub. Co., NJ 1991.
- Acceptable carriers in the compositions may contain liquids such as water, saline, glycerol and ethanol.
- auxiliary substances such as fillers, disintegrants, lubricants, glidants, effervescent agents, wetting or emulsifying agents, flavoring agents, pH buffering substances and the like may also be present in these carriers.
- these materials can be formulated in a non-toxic, inert, andpharmaceutically acceptable aqueous carrier medium wherein the pH is usually from about 5 to about 8, preferably, the pH is from about 6 to about 8.
- the composition of the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of pharmaceutical compositions, functional foods, literary materials, additives, microbial growth inhibitors, and preservatives.
- PQQ crystal A or crystal B can be used alone or in combination with other materials including, but not limited to, vitamins, amino acids, carotenoids, omega 3 fatty acids, omega 6 fatty acids, astaxanthin, and the like.
- the crystal or composition of the present invention may be packaged according to specific needs, such as a kit, a functional food kit, etc., which may comprise: a PQQ disodium salt crystal of the present invention; optionally, other active substances, instructions
- a kit such as a kit, a functional food kit, etc.
- the user or physician uses the instructions, containers, excipients, and the like of the kit, and those skilled in the art can determine the optional components therein according to specific needs.
- composition or package of the present invention may further comprise one or more other active substances having an activity selected from the group consisting of: growth promoting, anti-inflammatory, zinc increasing and lead reducing, preventing liver disease, reducing cataract formation, preventing cancer, Promotes nerve regeneration, prevents myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, hangover, prevents/alleviates or treats senile dementia, inhibits microbial growth or prolongs food preservation time.
- active substances include, but are not limited to, vitamins, amino acids, carotenoids, omega 3 fatty acids, omega 6 fatty acids, astaxanthin, and the like.
- the crystals A and B of the present invention have significant advantages in terms of crystallinity, stability, hygroscopicity, and processability as compared with known PQQ disodium salt crystals or solids, and thus are in industrial, pharmaceutical, and functional foods. Other fields have broad application prospects.
- the PQQ disodium salt was obtained by the following procedure:
- the optimization of the method used in the present invention mainly lies in: 1) changing the noble metal platinum of the catalyst used in the catalytic hydrogenation reaction to palladium; 2) coupling reagent in the diazotization coupling reaction in the literature. Methyl 2-methylacetoacetate was changed to ethyl 2-methylacetoacetate; 3) The ester hydrolysis reaction in the literature was first reacted with orthoformate to obtain a monoketal and then hydrolyzed under basic conditions to obtain the final product. The product is obtained by adjusting the pH directly after hydrolysis under basic conditions.
- the diazonium fluoroborate is formed by diazotization of the amino group under the action of sodium nitrite, and the diazonium fluoroborate is directly coupled with 2-methylacetoacetate to obtain 2- ⁇ [ (3-formamido-4-methoxy)aryl]ilonyl propionate;
- Oxidation reaction The product of the previous step forms an anthracene ring under the action of an oxidizing agent to obtain 4,5-dioxo-4,5-dihydro-1hydro-pyrrole [2,3-f]quinoline-2,7,9 - tricarboxylic acid-2-ethyl ester-7,9-dimethyl ester;
- the obtained PQQ disodium salt raw material is crystal C.
- the obtained PQQ disodium salt can be determined by high performance liquid chromatography to have a purity greater than 99.0% under the following conditions: Instrument model: UlTiMate3000, American Dion
- PQQ disodium salt prepared according to the method of the above reference example (purity ⁇ 98, also commercially available sigma company PQQ disodium salt, article number: 80198-10MG-F), at 25 ° C and 50 ° C conditions After stirring for 5 days with 1 mL of acetonitrile, the solution was separately filtered, and the solid portion was dried in air for 10 min to obtain PQQ disodium salt crystal A.
- the obtained PQQ disodium salt crystal A was subjected to X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRPD, Fig. 1), thermogravimetric analysis (TG, Fig. 2), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, Fig. 3), and hygroscopicity analysis (DVS, Figure 4)
- the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the obtained crystal was measured under the conditions shown below. The results are shown in Figure 1.
- the peak of 20 obtained by X-ray powder diffraction using Cu- ⁇ radiation is about: 9.2°, 9.6°, 1 1.6°, 13.5. 14.9. , 16.0. 18.2. 18.8. 19.4. 20.4. 21.9. 22.7. , 23.2. 23.8. 25.6. 26.4°, 27.3°, 28.4°, 30.7°, 31.7°, 32.4°, 33.7°, 35.0°, 35.8°, 36.7°, 38.0°, 38.6. (all ⁇ 0.2 °).
- the solid obtained is crystalline.
- TG (Fig. 2) shows that the crystal enthalpy has 1.33% and 6.02% weight loss at 30 ⁇ 200 °C (the theoretical weight loss of a water molecule is 4.6%), which may be hydrate, and the decomposition peak temperature is 312.5 °C.
- the corresponding DSC (Fig. 3) has an endothermic peak in this temperature range (30 ⁇ 200 °C), indicating that the crystal contains water. Also, no melting phenomenon was observed in the temperature rise range, which indicates that the melting point may be above the decomposition temperature of the drug.
- DVS (Fig. 4) shows that crystal A absorbs 1.6% of water at 40% RH, 2.3% of moisture at 65% RH, and 2.8% of moisture at 80% RH.
- hygroscopicity change is less than 2%, only slightly hygroscopic.
- Example 3 Preparation of POO disodium salt crystals by anti-solvent precipitation crystallization A and properties of the obtained crystals were taken as 1 mg of PQQ disodium salt (prepared in the reference example), dissolved in 2 mL of water, and stirred and equilibrated. Subsequently, it was placed in a brown glass bottle containing 6 mL of absolute ethanol, and after 12 hours, a precipitate was precipitated. The solid obtained by filtration was subjected to pressure drying to obtain PQQ disodium salt crystal A.
- Example 4 Preparation of POO disodium salt crystals B by suspension crystallization and the properties of the obtained crystals
- TG (Fig. 6) shows that crystallization B has a weight loss interval of 5.98% and 6.21% at 30 to 200 °C (the theoretical weight loss value of a water molecule is 4.6%, and the theoretical weight loss value of ethyl acetate is 19.1%). May be a hydrate.
- the decomposition peak temperature is 303.3 °C.
- the corresponding DSC (Fig. 7) has an endothermic peak in this temperature range, indicating that the crystal contains water. Also, no melting phenomenon was observed in the temperature rise range, which indicates that the melting point of the crystal B may be above the decomposition temperature of the drug. 4. Hygroscopic analysis
- DVS (Fig. 8) shows that crystallization B absorbs 7.3% of water at 40% RH, absorbs 1.0% at 65% RH, and absorbs 12.0% at 80% RH.
- a monohydrate is formed; in a range of relative humidity of more than 50, a dihydrate is formed; and humidity is further increased to form a polyhydrate.
- Example 5 Preparation of POO disodium salt crystals B by slow volatilization method and properties of the obtained crystals
- the X-ray powder diffraction spectrum of the crystal C shows the result in Fig. 9, and the peak of 2 ⁇ obtained by using the Cu- ⁇ ⁇ ray by X-ray powder diffraction appeared 8.2. , 8.6. , 9.0. 10.1. , 13.7. 17.6. 18.2. , 23. 9. 26.9. 27.1. 28.3. , 3 1.0. , 3 1.6. 32.6. , 39.4. 45.3. ( ⁇ 0.2.).
- TG (Fig. 10) shows that there is obvious weight loss at the beginning of the experiment, and the surface moisture is more.
- the crystal C has 4.37% and 7.06% weight loss at 30 ⁇ 180 °C (the theoretical weight loss value of a water molecule is 4.6%). ), may be a hydrate.
- the corresponding DSC (Fig. 1 1) has an endothermic peak appearing in this temperature range, indicating that the crystal contains water.
- DVS (Fig. 12) shows that crystallization C is extremely hygroscopic, and the humidity varies greatly in the range of 5-15% in the normal storage humidity range.
- the moisture content in the 40% RH is 7.8%, the moisture in the 65% RH is 13.8%, and the moisture in the 80% RH is 15.7%.
- Non-Patent Document 1 JACS, 161, 6822-6828
- the X-ray of the single crystal reported in Non-Patent Document 1 is close to the data of the structural analysis, and the peak of the X-ray powder diffraction caused by the crystal (crystal D) is simulated.
- the results are shown in Figure 19 using the origin mapping software. The results showed that the peak value was different from the crystallization position of the present invention (see Table 2 for details). Comparative Example 3.
- Patent Document 1 JACS, 161, 6822-6828
- the three crystals obtained in the examples were compared by XRPD, TG, DSC, DVS, Raman spectroscopy (Raman) and infrared spectroscopy (IR), among which XRPD, TG, DSC, DVS
- the test method is as described in Example 1.
- Spectroscope KBr Table 2, Table 3, and overlay (Figs. 13-18) summarize the crystals obtained in Example 1, the crystals obtained in Example 4, the crystals obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the crystals D obtained in Comparative Example 2, The comparison result of the crystal E (Patent Document 1, Application No. CN20108003 1945) described in Example 3. [Table 2] (Where the bold indicates the inch compared with the crystal C
- the XRPD overlay (Fig. 13A-C) shows that the crystal A is significantly different from the crystal B and the crystal C at 9.2°, 9.6°, 14.9°, 16.0°, etc., and the crystal B is at 9.0°, 10.1°, 16.4°, 23.9°. 27.2° is significantly different from the crystal C peak strength.
- the TG overlay (Fig. 14) shows: Crystallization A, B, and C all have solvent weight loss.
- the DSC overlay (Fig. 15) shows that the crystals A, B, and C all have endothermic peaks, and the melting points of crystals A, B, and C are above the decomposition temperature of the drug.
- the DVS overlay (Fig. 16) shows: The wettability of the three crystal forms is different, among which, the crystallization A has the lowest wettability, and the 80% RH absorbs 2.8%.
- the crystallization B has a moderate wettability, and the 80% RH absorbs 12.0%.
- Crystallization C has the highest wettability, and absorbs 15.7% of water at 80% RH.
- the Raman spectrum overlay (Fig. 17A-C) shows that the crystal A differs from the crystal B and the crystal C at 1579.70 cm - 1539.20 cm" 1 , 1327.07 cm- 1 .
- IR spectrum (IR) spectrum overlay (Fig. 18A-C): Crystalline A differs from crystal B and crystal C at 3072.05 cm - 1577.49 cm" 1 , 1295.93 cm- 1 .
- Comparative Example 2. POO disodium salt crystal of the present invention is compared with XRPD of the crystal disclosed in the prior art document. According to the method described in Patent Document 1, Example 1, crystal E is obtained, and crystals A and B and non-patent of the present invention are obtained. The single crystals reported in Document 1 (JACS, Vol. 1 1 1 , 6822-6828) were compared for XRPD. A comparison of these four crystals is shown in Figure 20.
- the crystal E was obtained according to the method described in Example 1 of Patent Document 1.
- the hygroscopicity analysis chart of the crystal E (shown in Fig. 21) was obtained by the DVS test method and conditions used in the foregoing examples, and the hygroscopic property thereof was compared with the crystal A and the crystal B of the present invention (the results are shown in Fig. 22). ).
- the crystal E has a certain wettability.
- RH absorbs moisture by 1.8%, absorbs moisture by 13.0% at 65% RH, and absorbs 13.6% at 80% RH.
- hygroscopicity change is less than 2%, slightly hygroscopic.
- crystal A has the least wettability, and absorbs about 3.3% at 80% humidity
- crystal B has a large wettability, and absorbs about 12.0% at 80% humidity
- crystal E has the highest wettability, and absorbs about 13.6 at 80% humidity. %.
- Crystalline A The crystallizing property of the crystal of the present invention is superior to that of the prior art crystal E, and the crystal A property is particularly excellent.
- crystal ruthenium and osmium of the present invention have obvious advantages in crystallinity, stability, hygroscopicity, and processability, and thus have broad application prospects in fields such as industrial, pharmaceutical, and functional foods.
Abstract
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