Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
  • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
  • B21B1/222—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a rolling-drawing process; in a multi-pass mill
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
  • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
  • B21B1/24—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process
  • B21B1/28—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length in a continuous or semi-continuous process by cold-rolling, e.g. Steckel cold mill
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
  • B21B45/004—Heating the product
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
  • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
  • C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
  • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
  • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
  • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
  • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
  • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
  • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
  • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
  • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
  • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
  • B21B2001/221—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by cold-rolling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B2261/00—Product parameters
  • B21B2261/14—Roughness
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
  • B21B2267/00—Roll parameters
  • B21B2267/10—Roughness of roll surface
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
  • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
  • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
  • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
  • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
  • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
  • Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
  • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
  • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
  • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
  • Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
  • Y10T428/12979—Containing more than 10% nonferrous elements [e.g., high alloy, stainless]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
  • Y10T428/12993—Surface feature [e.g., rough, mirror]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing a flat steel product with a high reflectivity in the radiation range of the sun, a correspondingly procured flat steel product and a mirror element for
• Carbon steel, stainless steel or stainless steel produced steel strips or steel sheets as well as blanks, blanks and the like made thereof.
• Mirror elements of the type in question are used, for example, in solar thermal energy to focus the sunlight falling on them and concentrate on a pipe or the like, which leads a heat transfer medium.
• mirror elements come here in question type in power plant technology, such.
• Have reflectivity can be prepared by polishing the respective steel substrate until required for a high reflectivity
• arithmetic mean roughness Ra means the value determined according to DIN EN ISO 4287. In the case of a polished flat steel product surface, the arithmetic mean roughness Ra has no pronounced preferential direction. Instead, it shows at the
• Mean roughness of at best Ra 0.05 ⁇ .
• the gloss and the associated reflectivity of such a surface is usually not sufficient to meet the high demands that are placed on mirror elements produced from such flat steel products today.
• the object of the invention was to provide a method with which it is possible in a cost-effective manner to produce a flat steel product which, in the finished rolled state, ie. H. without additional
• Fine machining such as polishing or grinding, a
• the solution according to the invention of this task is that in the manufacture of a flat steel product with a high
• a steel flat product according to the invention which solves the above-mentioned problem has the features specified in claim 10, wherein it should be emphasized that these features are produced on the finish-rolled, ie. H. not further mechanically finished flat steel product are present.
• For producing such a flat steel product is
• the invention is based on the recognition that a
• Steel flat product surface has a high directional reflection when the surface in question has an extremely low surface roughness, whose arithmetic mean roughness Ra is much smaller than 0.1 pm.
• the invention proposes a Rolling strategy, referring to conventional
• Method is provided optimally up to 2.5 mm thick, hot or cold rolled flat steel product, wherein at least one of the surfaces
• step b) taking into account at least the following provisos
• Walzstiche depends on the initial thickness and the required final thickness. Typically, at least ten rolling passes are required in carrying out the process according to the invention, wherein
• the total deformation rate achieved by cold rolling is 75-90%.
• Mirror elements for solar concentrators provided steel flat products are cold rolled so that they are in the finished rolled state, for example, up to 0.4 mm thick.
• the deformation rate achieved during cold rolling decreases from rolling pass to rolling pass.
• the cold rolling thus begins in the first rolling pass with a high, in particular at least 20% amount of deformation rate. At each subsequent roll pass is then a lower
• the rolling pressure is adjusted depending on the strength of the processed material such that in the first pass 200 - 800 MPa and in the last
• Rolling pass 1000 - 4000 MPa For example, with a total deformation rate of 84% for a flat steel product made from a steel with the material number 1.4301, the rolling pressure in the first rolling pass is 400 MPa and in the last pass
• the cold rolling takes place with the addition of a rolling oil whose viscosity is 5 - 10 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C.
• the rolling speed during cold rolling is greater than 200 m / min. In this way, a uniform oil film is maintained between the work rolls and the flat steel product during the respective cold rolling pass.
• Mean roughness Ra of ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ exchange Mean roughness Ra of ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ exchange.
• the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the work rolls used before the roll change can, for example, in
• the process according to the invention can be carried out on a conventional 20-roll stand.
• step c) the cold strip obtained is subjected to softening a Kaltbandglüh harmony performed for example in a conventional bright annealing.
• the annealing takes place under a
• step d) the annealed and inventively cold-rolled steel flat product, for example, in a duo-rolling mill in one or more, in particular two rolling passes is re-rolled.
• the degree of deformation achieved during this re-rolling is 0.5-2%.
• the Nachwalzen serves, as usual, to eliminate a pronounced yield strength, which is present after the annealing and the so-called "Lüder's lines"
• the duo rolls are pre-ground and typically have one on their surface in contact with the stock
• the average roughness Ra has a pronounced preferred direction, which is aligned parallel to the rolling direction of the cold rolling.
• the rolling directions can be clearly identified on the basis of topographic images.
• a flat steel product can be produced which has a gloss of more than 1,200 gloss units and a directional reflection of more than 60% already determined after the finish rolling.
• a reflective layer system can be applied to the flat steel product produced and produced according to the invention.
• the application of the coating can be carried out, for example, by means of vacuum evaporation, in particular in the
• the coating consists of at least one
• the sheet can be coated with an Al-Ag alloy, with Sn, with a Sn-Al alloy or a Sn-Ag alloy.
• a vapor deposition method PVD processes, agnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation, and the like can be used.
• a reflection surface surface of the inventively manufactured flat steel product
• an organic or inorganic coating can be applied to the flat steel product as an alternative or in addition to a coating which increases the reflectivity ("top layer").
• inorganic coatings with barrier effect for example, Sn0 2 , ln 2 0 3 , A1 2 0 3 , Si0 2 , Ti0 2 , Zr0 2 , but also amorphous layer systems such as glasses consisting of z. B. from Si0 2 / B 2 0 3 -Borosilicatgläser, Si0 2 / P 2 0 5 -
• Silicophosphatgläser or B 2 0 3 / P 2 0 5 -Borophosphatgläser be used. Again, the order can be done by PVD method, preferably by sputtering or atomic layer deposition, but also by wet chemical methods, such as sol-gel coating by spin or dip coating.
• hybrid layer systems such as Si: 0: C: H layers (plasma polymers) may be suitable, which can be applied by CVD method.
• Organic top layer layer systems consisting of
• transparent paints also offer the possibility of a continuous coating.
• the top layer obtained and applied in the manner described above not only protects against corrosion but at the same time against abrasive wear.
• the invention is based on
• Fig. 1 is a diagram in which for three
• FIG. 2 shows the surface topography of a rolled flat steel product sample according to the invention
• Fig. 3 shows the surface topography of a polished
• Fig. 4 is a diagram in which for an inventive
• the directed reflection in the solar spectral region is plotted over the wavelength in the purely cold-rolled condition and after the application of a coating
• Fig. 5 is a diagram in which schematically shows the stitch plan of the invention in the generation
• Solar Concentrator specific steel flat product has been used in a coil form, which was a hot-rolled, descaled hot-rolled strip.
• the 2.5 mm thick primary material consisted of one under the
• Material number 1.4301 standardized steel and had an arithmetic according to DIN EN ISO 4287 determined
• the starting material was rolled in twelve stages in a 20-roll stand to a final thickness of 0.4 mm.
• the first roll pass rolled more than 20% with a strain of el.
• the deformation was reduced from stitch to stitch relatively between 5% and 10%, so that in the last pass of cold rolling with a deformation el2 of less than 10% was rolled (FIG. 5).
• the work rolls in the first eight passes had an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 80 nm at their peripheral surface in contact with the cold rolled flat steel product.
• the work rolls of the 20-roll stand were set against specially prepared work rolls
• the cold rolled flat steel product obtained in this way is one in a blank annealing plant under a protective gas atmosphere with a hydrogen content greater than 50%
• Partial pressure ratio of water vapor to hydrogen p (H 2 0) / p (H 2 ) was less than 10 ⁇ 4 .
• the annealed cold-rolled strip is dry in a duo mill stand in two passes with a rolling force of 150 t, d. H. without oil or roller emulsion, re-rolled.
• the duo reels had theirs with theirs
• Table 1 shows the roughness values determined by means of atomic force microscopy, the roughness values determined by means of white-light interferometry and the directional reflection in the state obtained after the post-rolling for two inventive flat-product samples E1, E2 processed in the above manner. Likewise, in Table 1, for comparison, the corresponding values for one are generated and displayed in a conventional manner their examined surface polished sample V registered.
• Fig. 1 The result of the measurement of the directed reflection in the solar spectral range is shown in detail in Fig. 1 (sample El: solid line, sample E2: dashed line, comparative sample V: solid line). It turns out that the samples produced according to the invention already have a reflectivity after being rolled in the cold rolled, non - polished state, which in the
• rolled flat steel products and the highly polished sample used for comparison can be detected with respect to roughness.
• topographical images see Fig. 2
• the rolling directions in which the respective flat steel product has been cold-rolled can be clearly identified.
• Fig. 2 clearly characterized by a line-shaped preferred direction of roughness can be determined.
• the steel flat product sample E1 according to the invention is characterized by
• Electron beam evaporation was provided with a 90 - 100 nm thick silver layer. As a result of this coating, the directed reflection in the solar spectral range increased to about 93% and thus reached the order of magnitude of conventional glass mirrors.
• Fig. 4 is the
• Reflectance of the inventive sample El before coating is shown by a dashed line, while the reflectance after coating is represented by a solid line.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Metal Rolling (AREA)
• Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-12-27 ES ES12199475.0T patent/ES2596681T3/es active Active
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• 2013
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