WO2014045552A1 - 低温靱性および耐腐食摩耗性に優れた耐摩耗鋼板 - Google Patents
低温靱性および耐腐食摩耗性に優れた耐摩耗鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an abrasion-resistant steel plate suitable for parts such as industrial machines and transportation equipment.
- the wear-resistant steel plate of the present invention is excellent in low-temperature toughness, and is particularly suitable for use in parts that are applied to places where wear due to contact with water-containing earth and sand becomes a problem.
- Patent Document 1 includes C: 0.30 to 0.50% by mass and contains appropriate amounts of Si, Mn, Al, N, Ti, Nb, and B. Further, a steel slab containing Cr: 0.10 to 0.50% and Mo: 0.05 to 1.00% is hot-rolled and then quenched from a temperature not lower than the Ar 3 transformation point. There has been proposed a method for producing a high hardness wear resistant steel excellent in low temperature toughness by tempering to obtain a high strength wear resistant steel. According to the technique described in Patent Document 1, the hardenability of the steel is improved, the grain boundary is strengthened, and the low temperature toughness is improved by containing a large amount of Cr and Mo. Moreover, in the technique described in patent document 1, it is supposed that low temperature toughness will improve further by performing a tempering process.
- Patent Document 2 includes, in mass%, C: 0.18 to 0.25%, Si: 0.10 to 0.30%, Mn: 0.03 to 0.10%, Nb, Al Toughness and delayed fracture after water quenching and tempering treatment, containing appropriate amounts of N, B and Cr: 1.00 to 2.00% and Mo: more than 0.50 to 0.80% High tough wear-resistant steel sheets with excellent characteristics have been proposed.
- the hardenability of the steel sheet is improved by suppressing the Mn content and containing a large amount of Cr and Mo, and the predetermined hardness can be ensured, as well as toughness and delayed fracture resistance. Is going to improve.
- Patent Document 3 in mass%, C: 0.30 to 0.45%, Si: 0.10 to 0.50%, Mn: 0.30 to 1.20%, Cr: 0.50 To 1.40%, Mo: 0.15 to 0.55%, B: 0.0005 to 0.0050%, sol.
- a high tough wear-resistant steel containing Al: 0.015 to 0.060% and further containing an appropriate amount of Nb and / or Ti has been proposed. According to the technique described in Patent Document 3, the hardenability of the steel is improved and the grain boundaries are strengthened and the low temperature toughness is improved by containing a large amount of Cr and Mo.
- Patent Document 4 discloses that by mass%, C: 0.05 to 0.40%, Cr: 0.1 to 2.0%, and appropriate amounts of Si, Mn, Ti, B, Al, and N And steel having a composition that may further contain Cu, Ni, Mo, and V as optional components is hot-rolled at a cumulative reduction of 50% or more in an austenite non-recrystallized region at 900 ° C. or lower, and then Ar 3.
- a method for producing wear-resistant steel that is quenched from above and then tempered. According to this technique, the structure in which austenite grains are expanded is directly quenched and tempered to obtain a tempered martensite structure in which prior austenite grains are expanded, whereby the low temperature toughness can be remarkably improved.
- Patent Document 5 by mass, C: 0.10 to 0.30%, Si: 0.05 to 1.0%, Mn: 0.1 to 2.0%, W: 0.10 -1.40%, B: 0.0003-0.0020%, and Ti: 0.005-0.10% and / or Al: 0.035-0.1%
- a wear-resistant steel sheet having excellent low-temperature toughness has been proposed.
- one or more of Cu, Ni, Cr, and V may be contained. Accordingly, the steel sheet has a high surface hardness, is excellent in wear resistance, and is also excellent in low temperature toughness.
- Patent Document 6 describes a wear-resistant steel plate having excellent bending workability.
- the technique described in Patent Document 6 contains, by mass%, C: 0.05 to 0.30%, Ti: 0.1 to 1.2%, and the amount of solute C is 0.03% or less.
- the present invention relates to a wear-resistant steel sheet having a composition, a matrix having a ferrite phase, and a structure in which a hard phase is dispersed in the matrix.
- the wear-resistant steel sheet described in Patent Document 6 is further composed of one or two types of Nb and V, one or two types of Mo and W, one or two types of Si, Mn, and Cu, and Ni and B.
- One or two or Cr may be contained.
- the wear-resistant steel sheet described in Patent Document 6 is said to improve both the wear resistance against sediment wear and the bending workability without significantly increasing the hardness.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 aims to have low temperature toughness and wear resistance. Moreover, the technique described in Patent Document 6 aims to combine bending workability and wear resistance. In any of the patent documents, there has been a problem that no consideration has been given to wear in an environment containing corrosive substances such as wet earth and sand, and sufficient consideration has not been given to corrosion wear resistance. .
- each technique described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 requires tempering, and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost increases.
- the technique described in Patent Document 5 has a problem that the manufacturing cost increases because W is essential.
- the technique described in Patent Document 6 has ferrite as a main phase, and has a problem that the surface hardness is low and the wear resistance is not sufficient.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, and to provide a wear-resistant steel sheet that is inexpensive, excellent in wear resistance, excellent in low temperature toughness and excellent in corrosion wear resistance.
- the present inventors conducted extensive studies on the influence of various factors on the wear resistance, low temperature toughness, and corrosion wear resistance of the steel sheet. As a result, the present inventors have found that the corrosion wear resistance of the steel sheet is remarkably improved by using a composition containing Cr and Mo as essential components in appropriate amounts. This is presumed to be because Cr and Mo are contained as oxygen acids even when the steel sheet is exposed to wet earth and sand having various pH values by containing Cr and Mo, thereby suppressing corrosion wear.
- the present inventors have found that, if the surface hardness of the steel sheet can be maintained high with the above composition, the wear resistance against sediment wear and the corrosion wear resistance are remarkably improved.
- the present inventors include at least C, Si, Mn, P, so that the steel sheet contains a proper amount of Cr and Mo as essential components, and DI * defined by the following formula (1) is 45 or more.
- DI * defined by the following formula (1) is 45 or more.
- the hardenability is improved, and the hardened martensite phase is the main phase, and the surface hardness is 450 or more with Brinell hardness HBW10 / 3000.
- the composition further contains one or two selected from Sn: 0.005 to 0.2% and Sb: 0.005 to 0.2% by mass.
- Sn 0.005 to 0.2%
- Sb 0.005 to 0.2% by mass.
- Cu may be selected from 0.03 to 1.0%, Ni: 0.03 to 2.0% and B: 0.0003 to 0.0030% by mass%.
- a worn steel plate can be manufactured easily and stably.
- C 0.23-0.35%
- C is an element that increases the hardness of the steel sheet and improves the wear resistance. If the C content is less than 0.23%, sufficient hardness cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the C content exceeds 0.35%, the weldability, low-temperature toughness and workability of the steel sheet are lowered. Therefore, the C content is limited to the range of 0.23 to 0.35%. A preferable C content is 0.25 to 0.30%.
- Si 0.05 to 1.00%
- Si is an element that acts as a deoxidizer for molten steel, and is an element that contributes to improving the strength of the steel sheet by solid solution strengthening.
- the Si content is 0.05% or more. If the Si content is less than 0.05%, the deoxidation effect cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the Si content is limited to the range of 0.05 to 1.00%.
- a preferable Si content is 0.15 to 0.45%.
- Mn 0.1 to 2.0%
- Mn is an element having an effect of improving hardenability.
- the Mn content is set to 0.1% or more.
- the Mn content is limited to the range of 0.1 to 2.0%.
- a preferable Mn content is 0.4 to 1.7%, and more preferably 0.5 to 1.0%.
- the P content is acceptable up to 0.020%. It should be noted that excessively reducing the P content causes an increase in refining costs. For this reason, the P content is preferably 0.005% or more.
- S 0.005% or less
- MnS serves as a starting point for occurrence of fracture, leading to deterioration of the toughness of the steel sheet. For this reason, it is desirable to reduce the S content as much as possible.
- the S content is acceptable up to 0.005%.
- the S content is limited to 0.005% or less. It should be noted that excessively reducing the S content leads to an increase in refining costs. For this reason, it is desirable that the S content be 0.0005% or more.
- Al 0.005 to 0.100%
- Al is an element that acts as a deoxidizer for molten steel.
- Al contributes to improvement of low temperature toughness by refining crystal grains.
- the Al content is set to 0.005% or more. If the Al content is less than 0.005%, these effects cannot be obtained sufficiently.
- the Al content exceeds 0.100%, the weldability of the steel sheet is lowered. Therefore, the Al content is limited to the range of 0.005 to 0.100%.
- a preferable Al content is 0.015 to 0.050%.
- Cr 0.03-2.0% Cr enhances hardenability. Cr has the effect of improving low temperature toughness by refining the martensite phase. Thus, Cr is an important element in the present invention. Also, in a corrosive wear environment where contact with wet soil and the like becomes a problem, Cr elutes as Cr acid ions by the anodic reaction and suppresses corrosion by an inhibitor effect, thereby reducing the corrosion wear resistance of the steel sheet. Improve. In order to obtain such an effect, the Cr content is 0.03% or more. If the Cr content is less than 0.03%, such an effect cannot be exhibited sufficiently. On the other hand, when the content of Cr exceeds 2.0%, weldability is lowered and the manufacturing cost is increased. Therefore, the Cr content is limited to the range of 0.03 to 2.0%. A preferable Cr content is in the range of 0.07 to 1.0%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.9%.
- Mo 0.03-1.0% Mo enhances hardenability. Mo has the effect of improving low temperature toughness by refining the martensite phase. In the present invention, Mo is an important element. Also, in a corrosive wear environment where contact with wet soil and the like becomes a problem, Mo elutes as Mo acid ions by the anodic reaction and suppresses corrosion by an inhibitor effect, thereby improving the corrosion wear resistance. Has an effect. In order to obtain such an effect, the Mo content is set to 0.03% or more. If the Mo content is less than 0.03%, such an effect cannot be exhibited sufficiently. On the other hand, if the Mo content exceeds 1.0%, the weldability of the steel sheet is lowered and the manufacturing cost is increased. Therefore, the Mo content is limited to the range of 0.03 to 1.0%. A preferable Mo content is 0.10 to 0.50%, and more preferably 0.20 to 0.40%.
- the wear-resistant steel sheet of the present invention further includes Nb: 0.005 to 0.1%, Ti: 0.005 to 0.1%, V: 0.005 to One or more selected from 0.1% and / or one selected from Sn: 0.005 to 0.2%, Sb: 0.005 to 0.2% Or 2 and / or Cu: 0.03 to 1.0%, Ni: 0.03 to 2.0%, B: 0.0003 to 0.0030% One or more selected from REM: 0.0005 to 0.008%, Ca: 0.0005 to 0.005%, Mg: 0.0005 to 0.005% These can be selected and contained.
- the wear-resistant steel sheet of the present invention can contain one or more selected from Nb, Ti, and V as necessary.
- Nb is an element that precipitates as carbonitride and contributes to improvement of toughness through refinement of the structure.
- the Nb content is set to 0.005% or more.
- the Nb content is preferably limited to a range of 0.005 to 0.1%. From the viewpoint of fine structure, the Nb content is more preferably in the range of 0.012 to 0.03%.
- Ti is an element that precipitates as TiN and contributes to improvement of toughness through fixation of solute N.
- the Ti content is set to 0.005% or more.
- coarse carbonitrides may precipitate and the toughness may decrease.
- the Ti content is preferably limited to a range of 0.005 to 0.1%. From the viewpoint of cost reduction, the Ti content is preferably limited to a range of 0.005 to 0.03%.
- V is an element that precipitates as carbonitride and contributes to improvement of toughness through the effect of refining the structure.
- the V content is set to 0.005% or more.
- the content of V exceeds 0.1%, weldability may deteriorate. Therefore, when V is contained, the V content is preferably limited to a range of 0.005 to 0.1%.
- Sn 0.005 to 0.2%
- Sb One or two selected from 0.005 to 0.2%
- Sn and Sb are both elements that improve corrosion wear resistance
- the wear-resistant steel plate of the present invention can contain one or two selected from Sn and Sb as necessary.
- Sn elutes as Sn ions by the anode reaction and suppresses corrosion by the inhibitor effect, thereby improving the corrosion wear resistance of the steel sheet.
- Sn forms an oxide film containing Sn on the surface of the steel sheet, and suppresses the anode reaction and cathode reaction of the steel sheet, thereby improving the corrosion wear resistance of the steel sheet.
- the Sn content is set to 0.005% or more.
- the Sn content is preferably limited to a range of 0.005 to 0.2%. In view of reducing the number of playing elements, the Sn content is more preferably in the range of 0.005 to 0.1%.
- Sb suppresses the corrosion of the steel sheet by suppressing the anode reaction of the steel sheet and the hydrogen generation reaction, which is a cathode reaction, and improves the corrosion wear resistance of the steel sheet.
- the Sb content is set to 0.005% or more.
- the Sb content is preferably in the range of 0.005 to 0.2%. A more preferable range of Sb content is 0.005 to 0.1%.
- One or more selected from Cu: 0.03-1.0%, Ni: 0.03-2.0%, B: 0.0003-0.0030% Cu, Ni, B are All are elements that improve the hardenability, and the wear-resistant steel sheet of the present invention can contain one or more selected from Cu, Ni, and B as required.
- the Cu is an element that contributes to improving hardenability.
- the Cu content is set to 0.03% or more.
- the Cu content exceeds 1.0%, the hot workability is lowered and the manufacturing cost is also increased.
- the Cu content is preferably limited to a range of 0.03 to 1.0%. From the viewpoint of further reducing the cost, the Cu content is more preferably limited to a range of 0.03 to 0.5%.
- Ni is an element that improves the hardenability and contributes to the improvement of the low temperature toughness of the steel sheet. In order to obtain such an effect, the Ni content is 0.03% or more. On the other hand, when the Ni content exceeds 2.0%, the manufacturing cost may increase. When Ni is contained, the Ni content is preferably limited to a range of 0.03 to 2.0%. From the viewpoint of further reducing the manufacturing cost, the Ni content is more preferably limited to a range of 0.03 to 0.5%.
- the B is an element that contributes to improving the hardenability when contained in a small amount.
- the B content is set to 0.0003% or more.
- the toughness of the steel sheet may decrease.
- the B content is preferably limited to a range of 0.0003 to 0.0030%. From the viewpoint of suppressing low-temperature cracking in low heat input welds such as CO 2 welding generally used for welding of wear-resistant steel plates, B should be limited to a range of 0.0003 to 0.0015%. Is more preferable.
- REM 0.0005 to 0.008%
- Ca 0.0005 to 0.005%
- Mg One or more selected from 0.0005 to 0.005% REM, Ca, Mg are Both are elements that combine with S to form sulfide inclusions and suppress the formation of MnS.
- the wear-resistant steel plate of the present invention can contain one or more selected from REM, Ca, and Mg as necessary.
- the content of REM is set to 0.0005% or more.
- the REM content is preferably limited to a range of 0.0005 to 0.008%. A more preferable range of the REM content is 0.0005 to 0.0020%.
- the Ca content is set to 0.0005% or more.
- the Ca content is preferably limited to a range of 0.0005 to 0.005%. A more preferable range of Ca content is 0.0005 to 0.0030%.
- Mg fixes S and suppresses the generation of MnS that causes the toughness of the steel sheet to decrease.
- the Mg content is set to 0.0005% or more.
- the Mg content exceeds 0.005%, the amount of inclusions in the steel sheet increases, which may lead to a decrease in toughness.
- the Mg content is preferably limited to a range of 0.0005 to 0.005%. A more preferable range of Mg content is 0.0005 to 0.0040%.
- the wear-resistant steel sheet of the present invention includes the above-described components so that DI * satisfies 45 or more within the above-described range.
- DI * is defined by the following equation (1). In calculating DI *, among the elements described in the formula (1), the elements not contained are calculated as zero.
- DI * 33.85 ⁇ (0.1 ⁇ C) 0.5 ⁇ (0.7 ⁇ Si + 1) ⁇ (3.33 ⁇ Mn + 1) ⁇ (0.35 ⁇ Cu + 1) ⁇ (0.36 ⁇ Ni + 1) ⁇ (2.16 ⁇ Cr + 1) ⁇ (3 ⁇ Mo + 1) ⁇ (1.75 ⁇ V + 1) (1) (Here, C, Si, Mn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, V: content of each element (mass%)) When DI * is less than 45, the quenching depth from the steel sheet surface is less than 10 mm, and the life as a wear-resistant steel sheet is shortened. Therefore, DI * is limited to 45 or more. A preferable DI * range is 75 or more.
- the balance other than the above components is Fe and inevitable impurities.
- the wear-resistant steel plate of the present invention has the above-described composition, and has a structure in which the martensite phase is a main phase as quenched and the prior austenite ( ⁇ ) particle size is 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface hardness of the wear-resistant steel sheet according to the present invention is Brinell hardness, and HBW10 / 3000 is 450 or more.
- the “main phase” refers to a phase having an area ratio of 90% or more.
- Quenched martensite phase 90% or more in area ratio If the phase fraction of martensite phase as quenched is less than 90% in area ratio, the steel sheet cannot secure the desired hardness. For this reason, if the said area ratio is less than 90%, the abrasion resistance of a steel plate falls and desired abrasion resistance cannot be ensured, and sufficient low temperature toughness cannot be ensured.
- Cr and Mo together with Fe form carbides when cementite is generated by tempering. Due to the formation of this carbide, solute Cr and Mo effective for ensuring corrosion resistance are reduced. For this reason, the martensite phase is made into a martensite phase without quenching.
- the phase fraction of the martensite phase as quenched is preferably 95% or more in terms of area ratio, and more preferably 98% or more.
- the old ⁇ grain size is a value obtained by observing the structure corroded with the picric acid corrosive solution with an optical microscope (magnification: 400 times) and according to the provisions of JIS G0551.
- the surface hardness of the wear-resistant steel plate of the present invention having the above composition and structure is 450 or more in terms of Brinell hardness HBW10 / 3000.
- Brinell hardness 450 or more with Brinell hardness HBW10 / 3000
- the life as a wear-resistant steel sheet is shortened. For this reason, the surface hardness was set to 450 or more with Brinell hardness HBW10 / 3000.
- Brinell hardness shall be measured based on prescription
- the steel material having the above composition When the steel material having the above composition is cast and maintained at a predetermined temperature, it is not cooled or cooled and reheated and hot-rolled to obtain a steel plate having a desired size and shape.
- the manufacturing method of the steel material does not need to be particularly limited.
- Molten steel with the above composition is melted by a known melting method such as a converter, and a steel material such as a slab having a predetermined dimension by a known casting method such as a continuous casting method. It is preferable that Needless to say, the steel material may be formed by ingot casting-blooming casting method.
- Reheating temperature 950 to 1250 ° C If the reheating temperature is less than 950 ° C., the deformation resistance becomes too high, the rolling load becomes excessive, and hot rolling may not be possible. On the other hand, when the reheating temperature is higher than 1250 ° C., the coarsening of crystal grains becomes remarkable, and desired high toughness may not be ensured. Therefore, the reheating temperature is preferably limited to a range of 950 to 1250 ° C.
- the hot rolling conditions need not be particularly limited. It is preferable to perform a direct quenching process immediately after the hot rolling.
- the quenching start temperature is preferably set to a temperature equal to or higher than the Ar3 transformation point.
- the hot rolling end temperature is preferably set to 800 ° C or higher, which is a temperature equal to or higher than the Ar3 transformation point.
- the hot rolling end temperature is preferably 950 ° C. or lower.
- the quenching cooling rate is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or higher than the cooling rate at which the martensite phase is formed.
- the martensite phase is self-tempered (auto-tempered)
- the volume fraction of martensite is reduced, and when cementite is formed by tempering, Cr and Mo form carbides with Fe, which is effective for ensuring corrosion resistance.
- the cooling stop temperature is preferably 300 ° C. or lower, more preferably 200 ° C. or lower.
- the cooling rate is a cooling rate obtained by calculating the temperature at the center of the steel sheet by heat transfer-heat conduction calculation.
- the process may be cooled again after completion of hot rolling (air cooling), then reheated to a predetermined heating temperature, and further quenched.
- the reheating temperature is preferably 850 to 950 ° C.
- the cooling rate of quenching after reheating is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or higher than the cooling rate at which a martensite phase is formed.
- the martensite phase is self-tempered (auto-tempered)
- the volume fraction of martensite is reduced, and when cementite is formed by tempering, Cr and Mo form carbides with Fe, which is effective for ensuring corrosion resistance.
- the cooling rate be as high as possible.
- the plate thickness is 65 to 75 ° C./s when the plate thickness is 5 to 15 mm, and 40 to 55 ° C./s when the plate thickness is 16 to 22 mm. It is desirable that cooling is performed at 30 to 40 ° C./s when the plate thickness is 22 to 28 mm, and 20 to 30 ° C./s when the plate thickness is 29 to 35 mm.
- the cooling stop temperature is preferably 300 ° C. or lower, more preferably 200 ° C. or lower.
- Molten steel having the composition shown in Table 1 was melted in a vacuum melting furnace and cast with a mold to obtain a 150 kgf steel ingot (steel material). These steel materials were reheated to the heating temperatures shown in Table 2 (Table 2-1, Table 2-2, Table 2-3), and then hot rolled under the conditions shown in Table 2. Next, some steel plates were subjected to direct quenching treatment (DQ) under the conditions shown in Table 2 for quenching (direct quenching) immediately after completion of hot rolling. Moreover, about the other steel plate, the reheating quenching process (RQ) which quenches after air-cooling after completion
- DQ direct quenching treatment
- RQ reheating quenching process
- the cooling rate from 800 ° C. to 500 ° C. with DQ or RQ is also shown.
- the transformation during cooling starts at about 800 ° C. and is completed at around 500 ° C.
- the cooling rate from 800 ° C. to 500 ° C. greatly affects the transformation behavior of steel. Therefore, a cooling rate from 800 ° C. to 500 ° C. is widely used as a typical cooling rate for estimating the transformation behavior of steel.
- Specimens were collected from the obtained steel plates and subjected to structure observation, surface hardness test, Charpy impact test, and corrosion wear resistance test.
- the test method was as follows. The results of the structure observation, surface hardness test, Charpy impact test, and corrosion wear resistance test are shown in Table 3 (Table 3-1, Table 3-2, Table 3-3).
- a thin-film specimen (a specimen for observing a transmission electron microscope structure) was similarly collected from the 1 ⁇ 4 position of the obtained steel plate.
- the thin film specimen was ground and polished into a thin film (mechanical polishing, electrolytic polishing).
- the thin film was observed in 20 fields of view with a transmission electron microscope (magnification: 20000 times), the area where cementite was not precipitated was defined as the martensite phase area, the area was measured, and displayed as a ratio (%) to the entire structure did. This ratio was defined as the martensite fraction (area ratio).
- the kind was also determined.
- V-notch test specimens were sampled from the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction) at a thickness of 1/4 of the obtained steel sheet, and in accordance with the provisions of JIS Z 2242 (1998).
- a Charpy impact test was conducted. Absorbed energy vE ⁇ 40 (J) under the condition where the test temperature is ⁇ 40 ° C. was determined. The number of test pieces was 3 each, and the arithmetic average was the absorbed energy vE ⁇ 40 of the steel sheet.
- a steel sheet having a vE- 40 of 30 J or more was evaluated as a steel sheet having excellent toughness.
- Corrosion-resistant wear test Abrasion test pieces (size: 10 mm thickness x 25 mm width x 75 mm length) were sampled from a position 1 mm from the surface of the obtained steel sheet. These test pieces were mounted on an abrasion tester and subjected to an abrasion test.
- the wear test piece is attached so that the surface of the test machine rotor is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the test machine rotor and the surface of 25 mm ⁇ 75 mm is in the circumferential tangent direction of the rotation circle, and then the test piece and the rotor are covered with an outer tub, Wear material was introduced inside.
- Abrasive sand having an average particle diameter of 0.65 mm and a NaCl aqueous solution prepared so as to have a concentration of 15000 mass ppm were mixed as a wear material so that the weight ratio of the cinnabar sand to the NaCl aqueous solution was 3: 2.
- the surface hardness is HBW10 / 3000 and the surface hardness is as high as 450 or more, the excellent low temperature toughness of vE ⁇ 40 : 30J or more, and the wear resistance ratio: 1.5 or more excellent corrosion wear resistance have.
- the steel sheet cooled at a high cooling rate has a high martensite fraction.
- a steel sheet having a martensite fraction of 98% or more has particularly superior corrosion wear resistance compared to a steel sheet having the same component composition with a cold martensite fraction of less than 98%.
- the surface hardness is low, the low-temperature toughness is lowered, the corrosion wear resistance is lowered, or two or more of them are lowered.
Abstract
Description
DI*=33.85×(0.1×C)0.5×(0.7×Si+1)×(3.33×Mn+1)×(0.35×Cu+1)×(0.36×Ni+1)×(2.16×Cr+1)×(3×Mo+1)×(1.75×V+1) (1)
(ここで、C、Si、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Mo、V:各元素の含有量(質量%))
本発明は、上記した知見に基づき、さらに検討を加えて完成されたものである。すなわち、本発明の要旨はつぎのとおりである。
(式)
DI*=33.85×(0.1×C)0.5×(0.7×Si+1)×(3.33×Mn+1)×(0.35×Cu+1)×(0.36×Ni+1)×(2.16×Cr+1)×(3×Mo+1)×(1.75×V+1)‥‥‥(1)
(式(1)中の、C、Si、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Mo及びVは各元素の含有量(質量%)である。)
(2)上記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Nb:0.005~0.1%、Ti:0.005~0.1%及びV:0.005~0.1%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする(1)に記載の耐摩耗鋼板。
Cは、鋼板の硬さを高め、耐摩耗性を向上させる元素である。Cの含有量が0.23%未満では十分な硬さが得られない。一方、Cの含有量が0.35%を超えると、鋼板の溶接性、低温靭性および加工性を低下させる。したがって、Cの含有量は0.23~0.35%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましいCの含有量は0.25~0.30%である。
Siは、溶鋼の脱酸剤として作用する元素であり、また、固溶強化により鋼板の強度向上に寄与する元素である。このような効果を確保するために、Siの含有量は0.05%以上とする。Siの含有量が0.05%未満では脱酸効果が十分に得られない。一方、Siの含有量が1.00%を超えると、鋼板の延性、靭性が低下し、また鋼板中の介在物量が増加する。したがって、Siの含有量は0.05~1.00%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましいSiの含有量は0.15~0.45%である。
Mnは、焼入れ性を向上させる作用を有する元素である。このような効果を確保するために、Mnの含有量は、0.1%以上とする。一方、Mnの含有量が2.0%を超えると、焼戻脆性が発生するうえ、溶接熱影響部が硬くなり、溶接性が低下する。したがって、Mnの含有量は0.1~2.0%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましいMnの含有量は0.4~1.7%であり、より好ましくは0.5~1.0%である。
鋼中にPを多量含有すると、鋼板の低温靭性の低下を招くため、Pの含有量はできるだけ低減することが望ましい。本発明においてPの含有量は0.020%まで許容できる。なお、Pの含有量を過度に低減することは精錬コストの高騰を招く。このため、Pの含有量は0.005%以上が望ましい。
鋼中にSを多量に含むと、SがMnSとして析出する。高強度鋼では、MnSが破壊発生の起点となり、鋼板の靭性の劣化を招く。このため、Sの含有量はできるだけ低減することが望ましい。本発明においてSの含有量は0.005%までであれば許容できる。このようなことから、Sの含有量は0.005%以下に限定した。なお、Sの含有量を過度に低減することは精錬コストの高騰を招く。このため、Sの含有量は0.0005%以上とすることが望ましい。
Alは、溶鋼の脱酸剤として作用する元素である。また、Alは結晶粒を微細化させて、低温靱性の向上に寄与する。このような効果を得るために、Alの含有量は0.005%以上とする。Alの含有量が0.005%未満ではこれらの効果が十分に得られない。一方、Alの含有量が0.100%を超えると、鋼板の溶接性が低下する。したがって、Alの含有量は0.005~0.100%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましいAlの含有量は0.015~0.050%である。
Crは、焼入れ性を高める。また、Crはマルテンサイト相を微細化することにより低温靱性を向上させる効果を有する。このように、本発明において、Crは重要な元素である。また、湿潤状態の土砂等との接触が問題となるような腐食摩耗環境において、Crはアノード反応によりCr酸イオンとして溶出し、インヒビター効果により腐食を抑制することで、鋼板の耐腐食摩耗性を向上させる。このような効果を得るためにCrの含有量は0.03%以上とする。Crの含有量が0.03%未満では、このような効果を十分に発揮することができない。一方、Crの含有量が2.0%を超えると、溶接性が低下するとともに、製造コストが高騰する。このため、Crの含有量は0.03~2.0%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましいCrの含有量は、0.07~1.0%、より好ましくは0.2~0.9%の範囲である。
Moは、焼入れ性を高める。また、Moはマルテンサイト相を微細化することにより低温靱性を向上させる効果を有する。本発明において、Moは重要な元素である。また、湿潤状態の土砂等との接触が問題となるような腐食摩耗環境において、Moはアノード反応によりMo酸イオンとして溶出し、インヒビター効果により腐食を抑制することで、耐腐食摩耗性を向上させる効果を有する。このような効果を得るために、Moの含有量は0.03%以上とする。Moの含有量が0.03%未満では、このような効果を十分に発揮することができない。一方、Moの含有量が1.0%を超えると、鋼板の溶接性が低下するうえ、製造コストが高騰する。したがって、Moの含有量は0.03~1.0%の範囲に限定した。なお、好ましいMoの含有量は0.10~0.50%、より好ましくは0.20~0.40%である。
Nb、Ti、Vはいずれも、析出物として析出し、組織の微細化を介して、靭性を向上させる元素である。本発明の耐摩耗鋼板は、必要に応じて、Nb、Ti、Vのうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有できる。
Sn、Sbはいずれも、耐腐食摩耗性を向上させる元素であり、本発明の耐摩耗鋼板は、必要に応じて、Sn、Sbのうちから選ばれる1種または2種を含有できる。
Cu、Ni、Bはいずれも、焼入れ性を向上させる元素であり、本発明の耐摩耗鋼板は、必要に応じて、Cu、Ni、Bのうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有できる。
REM、Ca、Mgはいずれも、Sと結合し硫化物系介在物を生成し、MnSの生成を抑制する元素である。本発明の耐摩耗鋼板は必要に応じて、REM、Ca、Mgうちから選ばれる1種または2種以上を含有できる。
DI*=33.85×(0.1×C)0.5×(0.7×Si+1)×(3.33×Mn+1)×(0.35×Cu+1)×(0.36×Ni+1)×(2.16×Cr+1)×(3×Mo+1)×(1.75×V+1) (1)
(ここで、C、Si、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Mo、V:各元素の含有量(質量%))
DI*が45未満では、鋼板表面からの焼入れ深さが10mmを下回り、耐摩耗鋼板としての寿命が短くなる。そのため、DI*は45以上に限定した。なお、好ましいDI*の範囲は75以上である。
焼入れままマルテンサイト相の相分率が、面積率で90%未満では、鋼板が所望の硬さを確保できない。このため、上記面積率が90%未満では、鋼板の耐摩耗性が低下し所望の耐摩耗性を確保できないうえ、十分な低温靭性も確保できない。また、焼戻マルテンサイト相では、焼戻によってセメンタイトが生成する際にCrおよびMoがFeとともに炭化物を形成する。この炭化物の形成により、耐食性確保に有効な固溶CrおよびMoが減少する。このため、マルテンサイト相は焼戻をしない焼入れままマルテンサイト相とする。なお、焼入れままマルテンサイト相の相分率は、好ましくは面積率で95%以上であり、より好ましくは98%以上である。
焼入れままマルテンサイト相の相分率が面積率で90%以上を確保できても、旧γ粒径が30μmを超えて粗大となると、やはり鋼板の低温靭性が低下する。なお、旧γ粒径は、ピクリン酸腐食液で腐食した組織を光学顕微鏡(倍率:400倍)で観察し、JIS G0551の規定に準拠して求めた値を用いるものとする。
表面硬さがブリネル硬さHBW10/3000で450未満では、耐摩耗鋼板としての寿命が短くなる。このため、表面硬さはブリネル硬さHBW10/3000で450以上とした。なお、ブリネル硬さは、JIS Z 2243の規定に準拠して測定するものとする。
再加熱温度が950℃未満では、変形抵抗(deformation resistance)が高くなりすぎて圧延負荷が過大となり、熱間圧延ができなくなる場合がある。一方、再加熱温度が1250℃を超える高温では、結晶粒の粗大化が著しくなり、所望の高靭性を確保できなくなる場合がある。このため、再加熱温度は950~1250℃の範囲に限定することが好ましい。
(1)組織観察
先ず、得られた鋼板の板厚1/2位置から、観察面が圧延方向に対して平行方向断面になるように組織観察用試験片を採取した。次いで、組織観察用試験片の観察面を研磨し、ピクリン酸腐食液で腐食させて旧γ粒を現出させた。次いで、光学顕微鏡(倍率:400倍)で観察面を観察し、各100個の旧γ粒の円相当径を測定し、得られた値を算術平均した。この平均値をその鋼板の旧γ粒径とした。
得られた鋼板から、表面硬さ測定用試験片を採取し、JIS Z 2243(1998)の規定に準拠し、表面硬さHBW10/3000を測定した。硬さ測定は、10mmのタングステン硬球を使用し、荷重は3000kgfとした。
得られた鋼板の板厚1/4位置で、圧延方向に垂直な方向(C方向)からVノッチ試験片を採取し、JIS Z 2242(1998)の規定に準拠して、シャルピー衝撃試験を実施した。試験温度が-40℃の条件での吸収エネルギーvE-40(J)を求めた。なお、試験片本数は各3本とし、その算術平均を当該鋼板の吸収エネルギーvE-40とした。vE-40が30J以上である鋼板を靱性に優れる鋼板と評価した。
得られた鋼板の表面から1mmの位置から摩耗試験片(大きさ:10mm厚×25mm幅×75mm長さ)を採取した。これら試験片を摩耗試験機に装着し、摩耗試験を実施した。
Claims (6)
- 質量%で、C:0.23~0.35%、Si:0.05~1.00%、Mn:0.1~2.0%、P:0.020%以下、S:0.005%以下、Al:0.005~0.100%、Cr:0.03~2.0%、Mo:0.03~1.0%を、下記(1)式で定義されるDI*が45以上を満足するように含み、残部Feおよび不可避的不純物からなる成分組成を有し、
焼入れままマルテンサイト相を主相とし、旧オーステナイト粒径が30μm以下である組織を有し、
表面硬さが、ブリネル硬さHBW10/3000で450以上であることを特徴とする低温靱性および耐腐食摩耗性に優れた耐摩耗鋼板。
(式)
DI*=33.85×(0.1×C)0.5×(0.7×Si+1)×(3.33×Mn+1)×(0.35×Cu+1)×(0.36×Ni+1)×(2.16×Cr+1)×(3×Mo+1)×(1.75×V+1)‥‥‥(1)
(式(1)中の、C、Si、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Mo及びVは各元素の含有量(質量%)である。) - 上記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Nb:0.005~0.1%、Ti:0.005~0.1%及びV:0.005~0.1%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の耐摩耗鋼板。
- 上記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Sn:0.005~0.2%及びSb:0.005~0.2%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種を含有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の耐摩耗鋼板。
- 上記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、Cu:0.03~1.0%、Ni:0.03~2.0%及びB:0.0003~0.0030%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の耐摩耗鋼板。
- 上記組成に加えてさらに、質量%で、REM:0.0005~0.008%、Ca:0.0005~0.005%及びMg:0.0005~0.005%のうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上含有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の耐摩耗鋼板。
- 前記焼入れままマルテンサイト相の含有量が、体積率で98%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の耐摩耗鋼板。
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BR112015005951B1 (pt) | 2019-09-17 |
CN104685088A (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
IN2015DN00771A (ja) | 2015-07-03 |
EP2873748A1 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
US20150232971A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
EP2873748B1 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
CL2015000661A1 (es) | 2015-08-21 |
AU2013319621B2 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
MX2015003379A (es) | 2015-06-05 |
EP2873748A4 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
AU2013319621A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
BR112015005951A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
PE20150790A1 (es) | 2015-05-30 |
KR20150038590A (ko) | 2015-04-08 |
JPWO2014045552A1 (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
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