WO2014021426A1 - フェライト磁性材料、フェライト焼結磁石及びモータ - Google Patents
フェライト磁性材料、フェライト焼結磁石及びモータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014021426A1 WO2014021426A1 PCT/JP2013/070895 JP2013070895W WO2014021426A1 WO 2014021426 A1 WO2014021426 A1 WO 2014021426A1 JP 2013070895 W JP2013070895 W JP 2013070895W WO 2014021426 A1 WO2014021426 A1 WO 2014021426A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ferrite
- component
- mass
- magnetic material
- sintered
- Prior art date
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
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- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002595 magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N a1010_sial Chemical compound O=[As]O[As]=O IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000413 arsenic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002594 arsenic trioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/006—Compounds containing, besides cobalt, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
- C04B35/2675—Other ferrites containing rare earth metals, e.g. rare earth ferrite garnets
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
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- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0557—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ferrite magnetic material, a ferrite sintered magnet, and a motor.
- Ferrite sintered magnets are widely used, including electric motors mounted on home appliances, automobiles and the like. Ferrite sintered magnets are generally manufactured using Ba ferrite or Sr ferrite having a magnetoplumbite type hexagonal crystal structure as a material. Sr ferrite or Ba ferrite having a magnetoplumbite type hexagonal crystal structure is also called magnetoplumbite type ferrite or M type ferrite. This M-type ferrite is represented by a general formula of AFe 12 O 19 , and Ba, Sr, Pb, etc. are applied as elements constituting the A site.
- Patent Document 1 is a ferrite sintered magnet having a ferrite phase having a hexagonal magnetoplumbite structure whose composition ratio is represented by the following general formula, and a grain boundary phase essentially containing Si, and has a high coercive force HcJ. And a residual magnetic flux density Br and excellent magnetic properties.
- the R element is at least one kind of rare earth element and essentially contains La.
- the A element is one or both of Sr and Ba.
- 1-xy, x, y, and z represent atomic ratios of the respective elements, and n represents a molar ratio.
- the coercive force HcJ cannot be increased only by increasing the addition amount of either or both of Al and Cr, and the residual magnetic flux density Br is also increased. It is greatly reduced and cannot have high magnetic properties.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and a ferrite magnetic material having a high coercive force HcJ of 477 kA / m or more, a residual magnetic flux density Br of 330 mT or more, and having high magnetic properties, and the same
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sintered ferrite magnet and a motor using the magnet.
- the present inventors have conducted extensive research on ferrite magnetic materials, ferrite sintered magnets, and motors. As a result, simply adding Al or Cr as a subcomponent cannot improve the coercive force HcJ of the obtained sintered ferrite magnet, and the residual magnetic flux density Br also decreases. Focused on the inability to have. In order to obtain a ferrite sintered magnet having a higher coercive force HcJ, the present inventors have made a content (mass%) of any one or both of Al and Cr, and each of R, A, Fe, Co, and Si.
- the ferrite magnetic material according to the present invention is a ferrite magnetic material containing, as a main component, a ferrite having a hexagonal crystal structure, and the composition ratio of the metal elements contained in the main component is expressed by a composition formula: R x A 1-x (Fe 12-y Co y ) z where R is at least one element selected from the group comprising La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm At least La is included, A is at least two elements selected from the group including Ca, Sr and Ba and includes at least Ca and Sr, and 0.3 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.6, 8.0 ⁇ 12z ⁇ Satisfying 10.1, 1.32 ⁇ x / yz ⁇ 1.96, with respect to the main component, as a subcomponent, at least an Si component, and an Al component and / or a Cr component, conversion to Al 2 O 3
- the Al content is (% by weight), the sum of both the value obtained by dividing the Cr component Cr Cr content in terms of 2 O
- the ferrite sintered magnet obtained by using the ferrite magnetic material according to the present invention has a high coercive force HcJ and can maintain the residual magnetic flux density Br.
- Ba / Sr ⁇ 2.0 is preferable.
- the effect of the present invention can be further increased.
- the ferrite sintered magnet according to the present invention is a ferrite sintered magnet containing a ferrite having a hexagonal crystal structure as a main component, and the composition ratio of metal elements contained in the main component is represented by a composition formula: R X A 1-x (Fe 12-y Co y ) z , wherein R is at least one element selected from the group containing La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Sm, and at least La, Is at least two elements selected from the group containing Ca, Sr and Ba and contains at least Ca and Sr, and 0.3 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.6, 8.0 ⁇ 12z ⁇ 10.1, 1.
- the ferrite sintered magnet has a high coercive force HcJ and can maintain the residual magnetic flux density Br.
- Ba / Sr ⁇ 2.0 is preferable.
- the effect of the present invention can be further increased.
- the ferrite sintered magnet was used for the motor according to the present invention. Thereby, the performance of the motor can be further improved.
- the present invention has a high coercive force HcJ of 477 kA / m or more and maintains a residual magnetic flux density Br of 330 mT or more, and can have high magnetic properties.
- the sintered ferrite magnet according to the present invention can have excellent magnetic properties.
- the motor according to the present invention can further improve the performance.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a method for manufacturing a sintered ferrite magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between L and G.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the coercive force and the residual magnetic flux density.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between x and holding force.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between 12z and holding force.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between x / yz and holding force.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between Ca / Sr and holding force.
- a ferrite magnetic material according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as a ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment) will be described.
- the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment contains a ferrite having a hexagonal crystal structure as a main component.
- the main component is preferably magnetoplumbite type ferrite (M type ferrite).
- the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment includes a step of calcining a raw material composition obtained by mixing raw material powder, and the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment is produced as a powder or a sintered body. .
- the main component contains R, A, Fe and Co.
- R is at least one element selected from the group including La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm, and includes at least La. It is particularly preferable that R contains only La from the viewpoint of improving the anisotropic magnetic field.
- A is at least one element selected from the group containing Ca, Sr and Ba, and contains at least Sr.
- composition ratio of the total of each metal element of R, A, Fe, and Co contained in the main component is represented by the following composition formula.
- x, 1-x, (12-y) z, and yz represent atomic ratios of R, A, Fe, and Co, respectively.
- This composition formula is based on a general formula indicating M-type ferrite, but the notation of oxygen is omitted.
- the atomic ratio x of R in the composition formula is 0.3 or more and 0.6 or less.
- the atomic ratio x of R in the composition formula is within the above range, the residual magnetic flux density Br and the coercive force HcJ can be obtained satisfactorily. If the atomic ratio x of R in the composition formula is too small, the amount of R is reduced accordingly. If the amount of R is too small, a predetermined amount of Co dissolved in M-type ferrite cannot be ensured, and the residual magnetic flux density Br and the coercive force HcJ are lowered. On the other hand, if the atomic ratio x of R in the composition formula is too large, the amount of R increases accordingly.
- the atomic ratio x of R in the composition formula is 0.3 or more and 0.6 or less, preferably 0.33 or more and 0.55 or less, and 0.35 or more. More preferably, it is 0.53 or less.
- heterogeneous phases including A and R increase.
- heterogeneous phases such as ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 phase and soft magnetic spinel ferrite phase containing Co increase.
- the total amount of Fe and Co is represented by 12z from the above composition formula.
- 12z is 8.0 or more and 10.1 or less, preferably 8.5 or more and 9.8 or less, and more preferably 8.75 or more and 9.7 or less. preferable.
- the ratio between the R amount and the Co amount is expressed by x / yz.
- x / yz is 1.32 or more and 1.96 or less, preferably 1.4 or more and 1.85 or less, and more preferably 1.50 or more and 1.65 or less.
- Ba / Sr ⁇ 2.0 is preferable, Ba / Sr ⁇ 1.0 is more preferable, and Ba / Sr ⁇ 0.2 is more preferable.
- Ba does not have to be contained.
- the Ba / Sr ratio is zero.
- the atomic ratio (1-x) of A in the composition formula is preferably 0.4 or more and 0.7 or less.
- the residual magnetic flux density Br and the coercive force HcJ can be obtained satisfactorily.
- the atomic ratio (1-x) of A in the above composition formula is too small, the atomic ratio x of R will be large, so that the amount of R will be too large, and a heterogeneous phase such as orthoferrite containing R will be generated, resulting in residual magnetic flux. Density Br and coercive force HcJ decrease.
- the atomic ratio (1-x) of A in the above composition formula is 0.4 or more and 0.7 or less, preferably 0.45 or more and 0.67 or less, and more preferably 0.58 or more. More preferably, it is 0.64 or less.
- the atomic ratio ((12-y) z) of Fe in the composition formula is preferably 7.76 or more and 10.0 or less.
- the atomic ratio of Fe in the composition formula ((12-y) z) is within the above range, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of heterogeneous phases that cause a decrease in magnetic properties. If the atomic ratio of Fe in the composition formula ((12-y) z) is too small, it will cause an increase in heterogeneous phases including A and R. On the other hand, if the atomic ratio of Fe in the composition formula ((12-y) z) is too large, it will cause an increase in the number of different phases such as the ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 phase.
- the atomic ratio of Fe in the composition formula ((12-y) z) is preferably 7.76 or more and 10 or less, more preferably 7.9 or more and 9.7 or less. More preferably, it is 8.1 or more and 9.5 or less.
- the atomic ratio (yz) of Co in the composition formula is preferably 0.2 or more and 0.39 or less.
- Co can exhibit an effect of improving magnetic properties by substituting part of Fe of the M-type ferrite phase. If the atomic ratio (yz) of Co in the composition formula is too small, the effect of improving magnetic properties by substituting part of Fe with Co cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the atomic ratio (yz) of Co in the above composition formula is too large, the optimum point of charge balance with R will be exceeded, and the magnetic properties will deteriorate.
- the atomic ratio (yz) of Co in the composition formula is preferably 0.2 or more and 0.39 or less, more preferably 0.21 or more and 0.36 or less, More preferably, it is 0.23 or more and 0.34 or less.
- the content of the main component in the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment is preferably 90% by mass or more, and 95% by mass or more and 100%. It is more preferable that the amount is not more than mass%.
- the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment includes at least an Si component as an auxiliary component and an Al component and / or a Cr component.
- the subcomponent can be included in both the main phase and the grain boundary of the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment.
- components other than the main component of the whole are subcomponents.
- the Si component is not particularly limited as long as it has a composition containing Si.
- the Si component may be added in the form of SiO 2 , Na 2 SiO 3 , SiO 2 .nH 2 O, or the like.
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment includes a Si component, so that the sinterability is good, the crystal grain size of the sintered body is appropriately adjusted, and the magnetic properties are well controlled. As a result, it is possible to satisfactorily maintain the residual magnetic flux density Br while obtaining a high coercive force HcJ.
- the content of the Si component is preferably the sum of all the Si components, and more preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 4.0% by mass or less in terms of SiO 2. Is 0.8 mass% or more and 3.6 mass% or less.
- a high coercive force HcJ is obtained.
- the Al component is not particularly limited as long as it has a composition containing Al.
- the Al component is formed including the main component in the form of Al 2 O 3 , Al 2 SiO 3 , Al 2 O 3 .nH 2 O, or the like. It may be added when the calcined body is pulverized to obtain a calcined powder.
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment includes an Al component, so that the sinterability is good, the crystal grain size of the sintered body is appropriately adjusted, and the magnetic properties are well controlled. As a result, it is possible to obtain a high coercive force HcJ while maintaining a good residual magnetic flux density Br.
- the Al component has an effect of suppressing fluctuations in magnetic characteristics due to fluctuations in manufacturing conditions of the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment.
- the residual magnetic flux density Br and the coercive force HcJ vary depending on the specific surface area of the finely pulverized material constituting the molded body, but by incorporating an Al component, the variation in the coercive force HcJ is suppressed. be able to.
- the content of the Al component is 0.2% by mass or more and 2.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0% with respect to 100% by mass of the main component represented by the above-described composition formula. It is 0.55 mass% or more and 2.45 mass% or less.
- the content of Al component is a value obtained by converting the sum of all the Al to Al 2 O 3. When the content of the Al component is within the above range, a high coercive force HcJ is obtained. If the content of the Al component is too high, the residual magnetic flux density Br of the sintered ferrite magnet may be lowered.
- the Cr component is not particularly limited as long as it has a composition containing Cr.
- it may be added in the form of Cr 2 O 3 , Cr 2 SiO 3 , Cr 2 O 3 .nH 2 O, or the like.
- the Cr component tends to improve the coercive force HcJ of the sintered ferrite magnet obtained from the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment.
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment includes a Cr component, so that the sinterability is good, the crystal grain size of the sintered body is appropriately adjusted, and the magnetic properties are well controlled. As a result, it is possible to obtain a high coercive force HcJ while maintaining a good residual magnetic flux density Br.
- the value obtained by dividing the content of the Cr component by 4 is 0.2% by mass or more and 2.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the main component. It is 55 mass% or more and 2.45 mass% or less.
- the content of Cr component, the sum of all Cr, is a value in terms of Cr 2 O 3.
- the Al content in which the Al component is converted to Al 2 O 3 and the Cr component is converted to Cr 2 O 3 is 0.2% by mass or more in total in terms of Al 2 O 3 or Cr 2 O 3 with respect to the entire ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment.
- the content is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.55% by mass to 2.45% by mass.
- these components may reduce the residual magnetic flux density Br of the ferrite sintered magnet obtained from the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment, 2.5 mass% from the viewpoint of obtaining a good residual magnetic flux density Br. The following is preferable.
- the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment may contain components other than the Si component, the Al component, and the Cr component as subcomponents.
- a B component may be included.
- B component may be included in the form, such as, for example, B 2 O 3.
- the calcination temperature and sintering temperature when the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment is sintered to obtain a sintered body can be lowered, and a ferrite sintered magnet can be obtained with high productivity. It becomes like this.
- the saturation magnetization of the ferrite sintered magnet may decrease, so the content of B component is 0.5 mass as B 2 O 3 with respect to the entire ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment. % Or less is preferable.
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment includes Ga, Mg, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, In, Li, Ti, Zr, Ge, Sn, V, Nb, Ta, Sb, As, and W as subcomponents.
- at least one selected from the group containing the Mo component may be included in the form of an oxide.
- oxides of the stoichiometric composition of each atom 5% by mass or less of gallium oxide, 5% by mass or less of magnesium oxide, 5% by mass or less of copper oxide, 5% by mass or less of manganese oxide, oxidation Nickel 5 mass% or less, zinc oxide 5 mass% or less, indium oxide 3 mass% or less, lithium oxide 1 mass% or less, titanium oxide 3 mass% or less, zirconium oxide 3 mass% or less, germanium oxide 3 mass% or less, tin oxide 3 mass% or less, vanadium oxide 3 mass% or less, niobium oxide 3 mass% or less, tantalum oxide 3 mass% or less, antimony oxide 3 mass% or less, arsenic oxide 3 mass% or less, tungsten oxide 3 mass% or less, molybdenum oxide 3 It is preferable that it is below mass%. However, when a plurality of these are included in combination, it is desirable that the total be 5% by mass or less in order to avoid deterioration of magnetic
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment contains the above-described main component and subcomponent, but the composition of the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can be analyzed by a fluorescent X-ray analysis method or the like. Similarly, the composition of the sintered body of the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can be analyzed by fluorescent X-ray analysis. The content of each element specified in the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can be specified by this analysis value. Further, the presence of the M-type ferrite phase in the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can be confirmed by an X-ray diffraction method, a diffraction pattern observed by electron beam diffraction, or the like.
- composition formula: R x A 1-x (Fe 12-y Co y ) z contained in the main component in this embodiment is a value obtained by atomic percent of each element of R, A, Fe, Co, and Si.
- the value calculated by using [(R + A) ⁇ (Fe + Co) / 12] / Si represents the abundance ratio at the grain boundary with respect to the Si component of the component overflowing from the main phase and existing at the grain boundary.
- the value of [(R + A) ⁇ (Fe + Co) / 12] / Si is preferably 0.3 or more and 2.3 or less, and more preferably 0.4 or more and 2.0 or less.
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment has a stoichiometry such that the value of [(R + A) ⁇ (Fe + Co) / 12] / Si is within the above range, so that the A site element is large (the B site element is small). Even with a composition far from the ratio, the structure of the M-type ferrite can be satisfactorily maintained. As a result, the residual magnetic flux density Br is maintained and a high coercive force HcJ is obtained.
- One or both is L (mass%), and the value obtained by calculating [(R + A) ⁇ (Fe + Co) / 12] / Si using the values obtained for each atomic% of R, A, Fe, Co, and Si is G
- the values of L and G are values within a predetermined range in the xy coordinates when L is represented on the x-axis and G is represented on the y-axis.
- the Cr content is divided by 4 because when the Cr component is added in order to obtain the same effect as that of the Al component improving the coercive force HcJ, the Cr component needs to be four times the Al component. It is.
- L and G are within a predetermined range, point a: (0.20, 2.30), point b: (2.15, 0.30), point c: (2.50, 0). .30) and point d: a value within a region surrounded by four points (1.50, 2.30).
- the values of L and G are within a predetermined range, and further, point e: (0.55, 2.00), point f: (2.20, 0.40), point g: (2.45). , 0.40) and the point h: (1.45, 2.00), it is preferable that the value is within a region surrounded by four points.
- the value in the area surrounded by the four points of point a, point b, point c, and point d and the area surrounded by the four points of point e, point f, point g, and point h are each point.
- the coercive force HcJ of the sintered magnet can be further improved to, for example, 477 kA / m or more.
- the Si component sinters the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment. It is possible to maintain good control of the sintering. Thereby, the ferrite sintered magnet obtained can improve the coercive force HcJ.
- the values of L and G are equal to or less than a line connecting points c and d with a straight line, and the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment is sintered.
- the coercive force HcJ of the sintered ferrite magnet can be maintained at, for example, 477 kA / m or more and the residual magnetic flux density Br, for example, at 330 mT or more.
- the coercive force HcJ of the obtained sintered ferrite magnet is, for example, 477 kA when the values of L and G are equal to or less than the line connecting the points a and d with a straight line. / M or more.
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment has a content (mass%) of either one or both of the Al component and the Cr component so that the values of L and G are within the predetermined range. And the value of [(R + A) ⁇ (Fe + Co) / 12] / Si are adjusted. Thereby, the coercive force HcJ of the obtained sintered ferrite magnet can be further improved.
- the ferrite sintered magnet obtained by using the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can have a coercive force HcJ higher than, for example, 477 kA / m, and a residual magnetic flux density Br of 330 mT or more. Magnetic characteristics can be obtained. Therefore, a ferrite sintered magnet having high magnetic properties can be obtained by using the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment.
- Patent Document 1 fine pulverization when producing a ferrite magnet is primary pulverization, and the obtained powder is subjected to heat treatment and further subjected to secondary pulverization, while maintaining the residual magnetic flux density Br, for example, A high coercive force HcJ of 494 kA / m is obtained.
- HcJ residual magnetic flux density
- the coercive force HcJ is, for example, 477 kA unless a manufacturing method in which the number of steps is increased, such as a step of performing heat treatment on the powder obtained by primary pulverization and further performing secondary pulverization. / M or more of ferrite magnets cannot be obtained.
- a manufacturing method in which the number of steps is increased such as a step of performing heat treatment on the powder obtained by primary pulverization and further performing secondary pulverization. / M or more of ferrite magnets cannot be obtained.
- a manufacturing method in which the number of steps is increased such as a step of performing heat treatment on the powder obtained by primary pulverization and further performing secondary pulverization. / M or more of ferrite magnets cannot be obtained.
- a ferrite sintered magnet can be produced at low cost using the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment. Therefore, the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can obtain a sintered ferrite magnet having a high coercive force HcJ and
- the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment does not contain an alkali metal element (Na, K, Rb, etc.) as a subcomponent.
- Alkali metal elements tend to reduce the saturation magnetization of sintered ferrite magnets.
- the alkali metal element may be contained, for example, in the raw material for obtaining the ferrite magnetic material, but may be contained in the ferrite magnetic material as long as it is inevitably contained as such. Good.
- the content of the alkali metal element that does not greatly affect the magnetic properties is 3% by mass or less.
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can constitute a ferrite sintered magnet or a ferrite magnet powder.
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can also constitute a magnetic recording medium or the like as a film-like magnetic layer.
- the sintered ferrite magnet according to the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as the sintered ferrite magnet of the present embodiment) is composed of the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment. Therefore, the sintered ferrite magnet of the present embodiment has a high coercive force HcJ, can maintain the residual magnetic flux density Br, and can have high magnetic properties. Moreover, since the ferrite sintered magnet of this embodiment can be produced at low cost, it can be obtained at a low cost.
- the shape of the ferrite sintered magnet of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and may be various shapes such as a flat plate shape and a cylindrical shape.
- the ferrite sintered magnet of the present embodiment is composed of the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment, and includes crystal grains (main phase) and grain boundaries.
- the average crystal particle diameter of the crystal particles of the sintered ferrite magnet of this embodiment is preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m. By having such an average crystal particle diameter, a high coercive force HcJ is easily obtained.
- the average crystal particle diameter of the sintered body of the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can be obtained by measuring with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- the maximum diameter passing through the center of gravity of each crystal particle is obtained by image analysis, and this is used as the crystal particle diameter.
- the average crystal particle size was measured for about 100 crystal particles per sample, and the average value of the crystal particle sizes of all the measured particles was defined as the average crystal particle size.
- the sintered ferrite magnet of the present embodiment has the characteristics as described above, for example, a motor, a generator, a speaker, a microphone, a magnetron tube, a magnetic field generator for MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging system). It can be suitably used as a permanent magnet used in ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) sensors, fuel / oil level sensors, distributor sensors, magnet clutches and the like.
- ABS Anti-lock Braking System
- the ferrite magnetic material of the present embodiment can constitute a ferrite magnet powder.
- This ferrite magnet powder can constitute a bonded magnet by being mixed with a resin.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a method for manufacturing a ferrite sintered magnet according to the present embodiment.
- the sintered ferrite magnet of this embodiment includes a blending process (step S11), a calcining process (step S12), a pulverizing process (step S13), and a forming process (step S14). And it can manufacture through a baking process (step S15). Each step will be described below.
- Step S11 After the raw material powder (raw material powder) of the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment is weighed so as to obtain the desired composition of the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment, the raw material powder is reduced to 0 using, for example, a wet attritor, a ball mill, or the like. Mixing while grinding for about 1 to 20 hours to obtain a raw material composition (step S11).
- the starting material include a compound (raw material compound) containing one or more elements (Sr, Ca, La, Fe, Co) constituting the ferrite phase.
- the raw material compound is preferably, for example, a powder.
- Examples of the compound containing one kind of element constituting the ferrite phase include SrCO 3 , La (OH) 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , BaCO 3 , CaCO 3, and Co 3 O 4 .
- As the compound an oxide, a compound that becomes an oxide by firing, and the like can be used.
- Examples of the compound that becomes an oxide upon firing include carbonates, hydroxides, nitrates, and the like.
- the average particle size of the starting material is not particularly limited, but usually it is preferably about 0.1 ⁇ m to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- Al 2 O 3 may be mentioned, but it is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound containing Al. Moreover, you may mix
- SiO 2 can be mentioned, but it is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound containing Si or the like. Moreover, you may mix
- the blending step it is not necessary to mix all raw materials, and some or all of each compound may be added after calcination described later.
- an Al raw material for example, Al 2 O 3
- a Si raw material for example, SiO 2
- a Ca raw material for example, CaCo 3
- it may be added in a pulverization (particularly fine pulverization) step. What is necessary is just to adjust the time of addition so that a desired composition and a magnetic characteristic may be acquired easily.
- Step S12 The raw material composition obtained in the blending step (step S11) is dried, sized and then calcined (step S12). By calcining the raw material composition, a granular calcined body is obtained.
- the calcination is preferably performed in an oxidizing atmosphere such as air.
- the calcination temperature is preferably in the temperature range of 1100 ° C. to 1400 ° C., more preferably 1100 ° C. to 1300 ° C., and even more preferably 1100 ° C. to 1250 ° C.
- the calcination time is preferably 1 second to 10 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 3 hours.
- the calcined body obtained by calcining contains 70% or more of the main phase as described above.
- the primary particle diameter of the main phase is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or less.
- step S12 the raw material composition is calcined to produce ferrite having a hexagonal crystal structure as a main component, and the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment is produced.
- Step S13 The granular calcined body obtained by the calcining step (step S12) is pulverized to obtain a calcined powder (step S13). Thereby, the shaping
- raw materials that were not blended in the blending step as described above may be added (also referred to as post-addition of raw materials).
- the pulverization step may be performed in a two-step process, for example, after the calcined body is pulverized (coarse pulverization) into a coarse powder, and then finely pulverized (fine pulverization).
- the granular calcined body is pulverized using, for example, a vibration mill or the like until the average particle size becomes 0.5 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m.
- the powder obtained by coarsely pulverizing the granular calcined body is referred to as coarsely pulverized powder.
- the coarsely pulverized powder is finely pulverized, the coarsely pulverized powder, water and sorbitol are mixed to prepare a slurry for pulverization. Then, the pulverization slurry is wet pulverized using a ball mill.
- the means for pulverization is not limited to a ball mill, and for example, a wet attritor, a vibration mill, a ball mill, a jet mill or the like can be used.
- the powder obtained by finely pulverizing the coarsely pulverized powder is referred to as a finely pulverized material.
- the average particle size of the obtained finely pulverized material is preferably 0.08 ⁇ m to 2.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.0 ⁇ m, and still more preferably about 0.2 ⁇ m to 0.8 ⁇ m. So as to grind.
- the specific surface area of the finely pulverized material is preferably about 7 m 2 / g to 12 m 2 / g.
- the pulverization time may be appropriately determined according to the pulverization method. For example, in the case of a wet attritor, 30 minutes to 10 hours are preferable, and in the case of wet grinding with a ball mill, about 10 hours to 50 hours are preferable.
- the specific surface area of the finely pulverized material is determined by, for example, the BET method.
- the addition is preferably performed in pulverization.
- Al 2 O 3 can be added as a raw material for the Al component, SiO 2 as a raw material for the Si component, and CaCO 3 as a raw material for the Ca component.
- a surfactant for example, represented by the general formula C n (OH) n H n + 2 is included in the pulverizing slurry in order to increase the magnetic orientation of the sintered body obtained after firing.
- Polyhydric alcohol is preferably added.
- n is preferably 4 to 100, more preferably 4 to 30, more preferably 4 to 20, and further preferably 4 to 12. Is most preferred.
- the polyhydric alcohol include sorbitol. Two or more polyhydric alcohols may be used in combination.
- other known dispersants may be used in combination with the polyhydric alcohol.
- the addition amount is preferably 0.05% by mass to 5.0% by mass, and 0.1% by mass to 3.% by mass with respect to the addition target (for example, coarsely pulverized material). It is more preferably 0% by mass, and further preferably 0.2% by mass to 2.0% by mass.
- the polyhydric alcohol added in the fine pulverization step is thermally decomposed and removed in a baking step (step S15) described later.
- the pulverized material (preferably finely pulverized material) obtained in the pulverization step (step S13) is molded in a magnetic field to obtain a molded body (molding step: step S14). Molding can be performed by either dry molding or wet molding. From the viewpoint of increasing the degree of magnetic orientation, it is preferably performed by wet molding.
- the slurry is concentrated to a predetermined concentration, and the slurry for wet molding is obtained. It is preferable to perform molding using this. Concentration of the slurry can be performed by centrifugation, filter press, or the like. It is preferable that the finely pulverized material accounts for about 30% by mass to 80% by mass in the total amount of the slurry for wet molding. In the slurry, water is preferable as a dispersion medium for dispersing the finely pulverized material.
- a surfactant such as gluconic acid, gluconate or sorbitol may be added to the slurry.
- a non-aqueous solvent may be used as the dispersion medium.
- an organic solvent such as toluene or xylene can be used.
- a surfactant such as oleic acid.
- the wet-forming slurry may be prepared by adding a dispersion medium or the like to the finely pulverized material in a dry state after pulverization.
- the wet molding slurry is then molded in a magnetic field.
- the molding pressure is preferably about 9.8 MPa to 49 MPa (0.1 ton / cm 2 to 0.5 ton / cm 2 ), and the applied magnetic field is about 398 kA / m to 1194 kA / m (5 kOe to 15 kOe). It is preferable that
- Step S15 The molded body obtained in the molding process (step S14) is fired to obtain a sintered body (firing process: step S15).
- the ferrite sintered magnet of this embodiment is obtained by sintering the ferrite magnetic material of this embodiment as described above.
- Calcination can be performed in an oxidizing atmosphere such as air.
- the firing temperature is preferably 1050 ° C. to 1270 ° C., more preferably 1080 ° C. to 1240 ° C.
- the firing time (the time for maintaining the firing temperature) is preferably about 0.5 to 3 hours.
- the molded body is obtained by wet molding as described above, if the molded body is rapidly heated by firing without being sufficiently dried, volatilization of the dispersion medium and the like occurs vigorously and cracks are generated in the molded body. there's a possibility that. Therefore, before reaching the above-mentioned sintering temperature, for example, by heating from room temperature to about 100 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of about 0.5 ° C./min to sufficiently dry the formed body, It is preferable to suppress the occurrence of cracks on the surface. Further, when a surfactant (dispersing agent) or the like is added, for example, in the temperature range of about 100 ° C.
- the surfactant is heated at a temperature rising rate of about 2.5 ° C./min. It is preferable to perform the degreasing treatment by sufficiently removing the above. In addition, these processes may be performed at the beginning of a baking process, and may be performed separately before a baking process.
- a bonded magnet instead of a sintered magnet, for example, after performing the above-described pulverization step, the obtained pulverized product and a binder are mixed and formed in a magnetic field.
- a bonded magnet containing the ferrite magnetic material powder of the present embodiment can be obtained.
- iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), strontium carbonate (SrCO 3 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ) are mixed in the atomic ratio shown in Table 2, silicon oxide ( SiO 2 ) and aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) were added so as to be the mass% shown in Table 2, respectively.
- the mixture was pulverized for 30 hours with a wet ball mill using water and sorbitol as a solvent (pulverization step).
- the slurry obtained after pulverization was dehydrated to adjust the solid content concentration to obtain a slurry for wet molding.
- This wet molding slurry was molded in an applied magnetic field of about 1000 kA / m (12 kOe) using a wet magnetic field molding machine to obtain a cylindrical molded body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 15 mm (molding step).
- the obtained cylindrical molded body was sufficiently dried in the air at room temperature, and baked at 1200 ° C. for 1 hour in the air. Thereby, a ferrite sintered magnet was obtained (firing step).
- the obtained ferrite sintered magnets were designated as samples C1 to C26.
- Examples 12 to 65, Comparative Examples 16 to 27> In Experimental Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 to 15, coarsely pulverized materials were obtained by the same method except that the composition of the main component was changed. Then, the obtained coarsely pulverized material was mixed with iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), strontium carbonate (SrCO 3 ), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), and cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ) in atomic ratios shown in Table 3 and oxidation.
- a ferrite sintered magnet was obtained by the same method except that silicon (SiO 2 ) and aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) were added so as to have the mass% shown in Table 3, respectively.
- the ferrite oxide magnet shown in Table 4 was obtained by changing aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) to chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ). Furthermore, to obtain a ferrite sintered magnet shown in Table 5 is changed to a mixture of aluminum oxide and aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) (Al 2 O 3) and chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3). Further, in Examples 19, 29 and 39, a part of Sr was replaced with Ba to obtain sintered ferrite magnets shown in Table 6. Moreover, the subcomponent (Al, Si) was changed from C16, and the ferrite sintered magnet shown in Table 7 was obtained. The obtained sintered ferrite magnets were designated as samples D1 to D66.
- composition of sintered body The composition (La, Ca, Sr, Fe, Co, Al, Si) of the obtained sintered body was measured by fluorescent X-ray quantitative analysis. The contents of the main components (La, Ca, Sr, Fe, Co) and the subcomponents (Al, Si) were calculated as the ratio of each element to the sum of all the main and subcomponent elements.
- Table 2 shows the composition ratio, Al content, Si content, molar ratio, residual magnetic flux density Br, and coercive force HcJ of the main components of the samples C1 to C26.
- L be one or both of the Al content in which Al is converted to Al 2 O 3 and the value obtained by dividing the Cr content in which Cr is converted to Cr 2 O 3 by 4.
- a value obtained by calculating [(R + A) ⁇ (Fe + Co) / 12] / Si using values obtained in atomic percent of R, A, Fe, Co, and Si is defined as G.
- L is represented on the x axis and G is represented on the y axis. The relationship between L and G at this time is shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the measured coercive force HcJ and the residual magnetic flux density Br.
- point a (0.20, 2.30)
- point b (2.15, 0.30)
- point c (2.50, 0.30)
- point d (1 .50, 2.30) are plotted with squares (filled) and circles (filled) in the area (range 1) surrounded by four points (Examples 1 to 11), and the others are plotted with x (Comparative Examples 1 to 15).
- the points plotted with circles (filled) are values with a coercive force HcJ of 477 kA / m or more and less than 500 kA / m, and the points plotted with squares (filled) with a coercive force HcJ of 500 kA / m or more. is there. Further, a point e: (0.55, 2.00), a point f: (2.20, 0.40), a point g: (2.45, 0.40) including a region plotted by a square (filled). , Point h: the range in which the four points of (1.45, 2.00) are surrounded by a straight line is defined as range 2.
- the residual magnetic flux density Br was 330 mT or more
- the coercive force HcJ was 477 kA / m or more.
- the coercive force HcJ is 500 kA / m or more.
- Table 3 shows the results of the constituent ratio, Al content, Si content, molar ratio, residual magnetic flux density Br, and coercive force HcJ of the main components of each sample D1 to D38.
- the relationship between x, 12z, x / yz, and Ca / Sr and the measured coercive force Hcj is shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, respectively.
- ferrite sintering satisfying all 0.3 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.6, 8.0 ⁇ 12z ⁇ 10.1 and 1.32 ⁇ x / yz ⁇ 1.96
- the magnet had a residual magnetic flux density Br of 330 mT or more and a coercive force HcJ of 477 kA / m or more.
- the constituent ratio of the main component is the most preferable range of 0.35 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.53, 8.75 ⁇ 12z ⁇ 9.7, 1.5 ⁇ x / yz ⁇ 1.65.
- the residual magnetic flux density Br is 366 mT or more and the holding force HcJ is 500 kA / m or more when L and G are within the range 2 as in C1 to C26.
- the sintered ferrite magnets D40 to D45 that satisfy all the constituent requirements of the present invention have residual magnetic flux densities.
- Br was 374 mT or more, and the coercive force HcJ was 478 kA / m or more.
- the sintered ferrite magnets D48 to D53 had a residual magnetic flux density Br of 355 mT or more and a coercive force HcJ of 482 kA / m or more.
- sample D21 satisfying Ba / Sr ⁇ 0.2 and the sample D55 not satisfying Ba / Sr ⁇ 0.2 are compared, the sample D21 As a result, the residual magnetic flux density Br and the holding force HcJ were excellent as compared with the sample D55. Further, sample D9 satisfying Ba / Sr ⁇ 0.2, sample D57 satisfying 0.2 ⁇ Ba / Sr ⁇ 1.0 (the same sample as D9 except for Ba / Sr) and Ba / Sr ⁇ 1.0 are satisfied.
- sample D58 (excluding Ba / Sr, the same sample as D9) was compared, the residual magnetic flux density Br and the holding force HcJ were excellent in the order of the sample D9, the sample D57, and the sample D58.
- Examples 58 to 61 having the preferred main component composition as in C16 and corresponding to the four points of points a, b, c, and d in FIG. Br was 330 mT or more, and the holding force HcJ was 477 kA / m or more and less than 500 kA / m.
- the residual magnetic flux density Br was 330 mT or more, and the holding force HcJ was 500 kA / m or more.
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Abstract
Description
一般式:Ca1-x-yRxAyFe2n-zCoz
但し、R元素は、希土類元素の少なくとも1種であって、Laを必須に含む。A元素は、SrとBaとの何れか一方または両方である。また、1-x-y、x、y、zは、各元素の原子比率を表し、nはモル比を表し、それぞれ、0.3≦1-x-y≦0.65、0.2≦x≦0.65、0≦y≦0.2、0.03≦z≦0.65、4≦n≦7である。
本発明の実施形態に係るフェライト磁性材料(以下、本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料という。)について説明する。本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料は、六方晶構造を有するフェライトを主成分として含む。主成分は、マグネトプランバイト型フェライト(M型フェライト)であることが好ましい。なお、本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料は原料の粉末を混合して得られた原料組成物を仮焼する工程を必須として含み、本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料が粉末または焼結体として作製される。
組成式:RxA1-x(Fe12―yCoy)z
次に、本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料がフェライト焼結磁石を構成する場合について説明する。本実施形態に係るフェライト焼結磁石(以下、本実施形態のフェライト焼結磁石という。)は、本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料で構成される。そのため、本実施形態のフェライト焼結磁石は、高い保磁力HcJを有すると共に、残留磁束密度Brを維持することができ、高い磁気特性を有することができる。また、本実施形態のフェライト焼結磁石が低コストで生産することができるため、安価に入手できる。本実施形態のフェライト焼結磁石の形状は、特に限定されるものではなく、平板状、円柱状など種々の形状とすることができる。
次に、上述したような本実施形態のフェライト焼結磁石の製造方法を説明する。以下では、本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料を用いて得られる本実施形態のフェライト焼結磁石の製造方法の一例を示す。
本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料の原料の粉末(原料粉末)を、本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料の所望の組成が得られるように秤量した後、原料粉末を、例えば、湿式アトライタ、ボールミル等で0.1時間~20時間程度粉砕しながら混合し、原料組成物を得る(ステップS11)。出発原料は、フェライト相を構成する元素(Sr、Ca、La、Fe、Co)の1種又は2種以上を含有する化合物(原料化合物)が挙げられる。原料化合物は、例えば粉末状のものが好適である。フェライト相を構成する元素の1種を含有する化合物として、例えば、SrCO3、La(OH)3、Fe2O3、BaCO3、CaCO3及びCo3O4等が挙げられる。化合物としては、酸化物、焼成により酸化物となる化合物等を用いることができる。また、焼成により酸化物となる化合物としては、例えば炭酸塩、水酸化物、硝酸塩等が挙げられる。出発原料の平均粒子径は特に限定されないが、通常、0.1μm~2.0μm程度とすることが好ましい。
配合工程(ステップS11)で得られた原料組成物を乾燥し、整粒した後、仮焼する(ステップS12)。原料組成物を仮焼することによって、顆粒状の仮焼体が得られる。仮焼は、例えば、空気中等の酸化性雰囲気中で行うことが好ましい。仮焼の温度は、1100℃~1400℃の温度範囲とすることが好ましく、1100℃~1300℃がより好ましく、1100℃~1250℃がさらに好ましい。仮焼の時間は、1秒~10時間が好ましく、1時間~3時間がより好ましい。仮焼により得られる仮焼体は、上述したような主相を70%以上含む。主相の一次粒子径は、好ましくは10μm以下であり、より好ましくは2μm以下である。
仮焼工程(ステップS12)により得られた顆粒状の仮焼体を粉砕し、仮焼粉末を得る(ステップS13)。これにより、後述する成形工程(ステップS14)での成形が容易となる。この粉砕工程では、上述したような配合工程で配合しなかった原料を添加してもよい(原料の後添加ともいう。)。粉砕工程は、例えば、仮焼体を粗い粉末となるように粉砕(粗粉砕)した後、これを更に微細に粉砕する(微粉砕)、2段階の工程で行ってもよい。
粉砕工程(ステップS13)で得られた粉砕材(好ましくは微粉砕材)を、磁場中で成形して、成形体を得る(成形工程:ステップS14)。成形は、乾式成形及び湿式成形のいずれの方法でも行うことができる。磁気的配向度を高くする観点からは、湿式成形で行うことが好ましい。
成形工程(ステップS14)で得られた成形体を焼成して焼結体とする(焼成工程:ステップS15)。これにより、上述したような、本実施形態のフェライト磁性材料を焼結することにより本実施形態のフェライト焼結磁石が得られる。
<実験例1~11、比較例1~15>
まず、フェライト磁性材料の主成分の出発原料として、水酸化ランタン(La(OH)3)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、炭酸ストロンチウム(SrCO3)、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)及び酸化コバルト(Co3O4)を準備した。これらの出発原料を、主成分の組成式が表1に示す構成比率となるように秤量した。これらの主成分を構成する原料を、酸素を除いて焼成後の主相が以下の組成式で表される原子比率となるように秤量した。なお、表1中、括弧内の表示は、下記組成式の構成比率を示す。
組成式:RxA1-x(Fe12―yCoy)z
前記実験例1~11、比較例1~15とは、主成分の組成を変更する以外は同様の方法で粗粉砕材を得た。そして、得られた粗粉砕材に、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)、炭酸ストロンチウム(SrCO3)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、酸化コバルト(Co3O4)を表3に示す原子比、酸化ケイ素(SiO2)、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)を表3に示す質量%となるようにそれぞれ添加する以外は同様の方法でフェライト焼結磁石を得た。また、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)を酸化クロム(Cr2O3)に変更して表4に示すフェライト焼結磁石を得た。さらに、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)を酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)と酸化クロム(Cr2O3)との混合物に変更して表5に示すフェライト焼結磁石を得た。さらに、実施例19、29及び39について、Srの一部をBaに置き換えて表6に示すフェライト焼結磁石を得た。また、C16から副成分(Al、Si)を変化させて表7に示すフェライト焼結磁石を得た。得られた各フェライト焼結磁石を試料D1~D66とした。
(焼結体の組成)
得られた焼結体の組成(La、Ca、Sr、Fe、Co、Al、Si)を、蛍光X線定量分析により測定した。また、主成分(La、Ca、Sr、Fe、Co)、副成分(Al、Si)の含有量は、各元素を主成分と副成分の全ての元素の和に対する割合として算出した。
得られた各試料C1~C26及びD1~D66の円柱の上下面を加工した後、最大印加磁場約2000kA/m(25kOe)のB-Hトレーサを使用して、残留磁束密度Br、保磁力HcJを測定した。なお、残留磁束密度Br及び保磁力HcJの測定は、室温(25℃)において行った。
Claims (7)
- 六方晶構造を有するフェライトを主成分として含むフェライト磁性材料であり、
前記主成分に含まれる金属元素の構成比率が、
組成式:RxA1-x(Fe12―yCoy)z
で表され、
上記組成式中、RはLa、Ce、Pr、Nd及びSmを含む群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素であってLaを少なくとも含み、AはCa、Sr及びBaを含む群より選択される少なくとも2種の元素であってCa及びSrを少なくとも含み、
0.3≦x≦0.6
8.0≦12z≦10.1
1.32≦x/yz≦1.96
を満たし、
前記主成分に対して、副成分として、Si成分を少なくとも含み、かつ、Al成分及び/又はCr成分を含み、
Al成分をAl2O3に換算したAl含有量(質量%)と、Cr成分をCr2O3に換算したCr含有量(質量%)を4で除した値との両方の和をL(質量%)とし、
R、A、Fe、Co及びSiの各原子%で求めた値を用いて[(R+A)-(Fe+Co)/12]/Siを計算した値をGとし、
前記L及び前記Gが、前記Lをx軸に表し、前記Gをy軸に表したとき、(x,y)座標において、a:(0.20,2.30)、b:(2.15,0.30)、c:(2.50,0.30)及びd:(1.50,2.30)で囲まれる領域内の値であることを特徴とするフェライト磁性材料。 - 上記組成式中のAについて、1.8≦Ca/Sr≦3.7である請求項1に記載のフェライト磁性材料。
- 上記組成式中のAについて、Ba/Sr≦2.0である請求項1に記載のフェライト磁性材料。
- 六方晶構造を有するフェライトを主成分として含むフェライト焼結磁石であり、
前記主成分に含まれる金属元素の構成比率が、
組成式:RxA1-x(Fe12―yCoy)z
で表され、
上記組成式中、RはLa、Ce、Pr、Nd及びSmを含む群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素であってLaを少なくとも含み、AはCa、Sr及びBaを含む群より選択される少なくとも2種の元素であってCa及びSrを少なくとも含み、
0.3≦x≦0.6
8.0≦12z≦10.1
1.32≦x/yz≦1.96
を満たし、
前記主成分に対して、副成分として、Si成分を少なくとも含み、かつ、Al成分及び/又はCr成分を含み、
Al成分をAl2O3に換算したAl含有量(質量%)と、Cr成分をCr2O3に換算したCr含有量(質量%)を4で除した値との両方の和をL(質量%)とし、
R、A、Fe、Co及びSiの各原子%で求めた値を用いて[(R+A)-(Fe+Co)/12]/Siを計算した値をGとし、
前記L及び前記Gが、前記Lをx軸に表し、前記Gをy軸に表したとき、(x,y)座標において、a:(0.20,2.30)、b:(2.15,0.30)、c:(2.50,0.30)及びd:(1.50,2.30)で囲まれる領域内の値であることを特徴とするフェライト焼結磁石。 - 上記組成式中のAについて、1.8≦Ca/Sr≦3.7である請求項4に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- 上記組成式中のAについて、Ba/Sr≦2.0である請求項4に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- 請求項4に記載のフェライト焼結磁石を用いたモータ。
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