JP5418595B2 - 焼結磁石 - Google Patents
焼結磁石 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5418595B2 JP5418595B2 JP2011521903A JP2011521903A JP5418595B2 JP 5418595 B2 JP5418595 B2 JP 5418595B2 JP 2011521903 A JP2011521903 A JP 2011521903A JP 2011521903 A JP2011521903 A JP 2011521903A JP 5418595 B2 JP5418595 B2 JP 5418595B2
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- Prior art keywords
- ferrite
- magnet
- mass
- sintered
- magnetic material
- Prior art date
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- 229910001047 Hard ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 113
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 59
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 7
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- CMGJQFHWVMDJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[La] CMGJQFHWVMDJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium sulfate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001035 Soft ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N a1010_sial Chemical compound O=[As]O[As]=O IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000413 arsenic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002594 arsenic trioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/0018—Mixed oxides or hydroxides
- C01G49/0054—Mixed oxides or hydroxides containing one rare earth metal, yttrium or scandium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
- C01G51/006—Compounds containing, besides cobalt, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
- C04B35/2608—Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising manganese, zinc, nickel, copper or cobalt and one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead
- C04B35/2633—Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising manganese, zinc, nickel, copper or cobalt and one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead containing barium, strontium or calcium
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
- C04B35/2641—Compositions containing one or more ferrites of the group comprising rare earth metals and one or more ferrites of the group comprising alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or lead
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
- C04B35/6263—Wet mixtures characterised by their solids loadings, i.e. the percentage of solids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Description
図1は、好適な実施形態のフェライト永久磁石を示す斜視図である。図1に示すフェライト永久磁石1(以下、単に「磁石1」と称する。)は、端面が円弧状となるように湾曲した形状を有しており、一般にアークセグメント形状、C形形状、瓦型形状、弓形形状等と呼ばれる形状を有している。この磁石1は、フェライト磁性材料の焼結体から構成された、フェライト焼結磁石である。
次に、上述したようなフェライト永久磁石の製造方法の好適な実施形態について説明する。以下の実施形態では、フェライト磁性材料からなるフェライト焼結磁石の製造方法の一例を示す。本実施形態では、フェライト焼結磁石は、配合工程、仮焼工程、粉砕工程、成形工程及び焼成工程を経て製造することができる。各工程については以下に説明する。
配合工程では、フェライト磁性材料の原料を配合して、原料組成物を得る。まず、ハードフェライトの原料としては、ハードフェライトを構成する元素のうちの1種又は2種以上を含む化合物(原料化合物)が挙げられる。原料化合物は、例えば粉末状のものが好適である。原料化合物としては、各元素の酸化物、又は焼成により酸化物となる化合物(炭酸塩、水酸化物、硝酸塩等)が挙げられ、例えばSrCO3、La(OH)3、Pr6O11、Nd2O3、MnO、Fe2O3、BaCO3、CaCO3及びCo3O4等が例示できる。原料化合物の粉末の平均粒径は、例えば、均質な配合を可能とする観点から、0.1〜2.0μm程度とすることが好ましい。
仮焼工程では、配合工程で得られた原料粉末を仮焼する。仮焼は、例えば、空気中等の酸化性雰囲気中で行うことができる。仮焼の温度は、1100〜1400℃の温度範囲とすることが好ましく、1100〜1300℃がより好ましく、1100〜1250℃がさらに好ましい。仮焼の時間は1秒間〜10時間とすることができ、1秒間〜3時間であると好ましい。仮焼により得られる仮焼体は、上述したような主相(M相)を70%以上含む。主相の一次粒子径は、好ましくは10μm以下であり、より好ましくは2μm以下である。
粉砕工程では、仮焼工程により顆粒状や塊状とされた仮焼体を粉砕し、再び粉末状にする。これにより、後述する成形工程での成形が容易となる。この粉砕工程では、配合工程で配合しなかった原料を添加してもよい(原料の後添加)。粉砕工程は、例えば、仮焼体を粗い粉末となるように粉砕(粗粉砕)した後、これを更に微細に粉砕する(微粉砕)、2段階の工程で行ってもよい。
成形工程では、粉砕工程後に得られた粉砕材(好ましくは微粉砕材)を、磁場中で成形して、成形体を得る。成形は、乾式成形及び湿式成形のいずれの方法でも行うことができる。磁気的配向度を高くする観点からは、湿式成形で行うことが好ましい。
焼成工程では、成形工程で得られた成形体を焼成して焼結体とする。これにより、上述したような、フェライト磁性材料の焼結体からなる磁石1が得られる。アークセグメント形状の磁石を製造する場合、焼成では、所定の中心角を有するように成形された成形体が収縮し、この際、一定の縮率比が生じる。これにより、得られる焼結体は、成形体よりも更に小さな中心角を有するものとなる。円弧が深い焼結体を得るためには、焼成時の縮率比は、1.0〜2.5であると好ましく、1.5〜2.5であるとより好ましい。
まず、フェライト磁性材料の主成分の原料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、炭酸ストロンチウム(SrCO3)、酸化コバルト(Co3O4)及び水酸化ランタン(La(OH)3)を準備し、これらの原料を、焼成後のハードフェライトの組成(主組成)が以下の組成式となるようにそれぞれ秤量した。なお、酸化コバルトについては、微粉砕時にも添加を行うため、ここでは主組成が得られるために必要な量の半分を準備した。また、副成分の原料として、酸化ケイ素(SiO2)及び燐酸鉄(FePO4・nH2O)を準備した。SiO2は、フェライト磁性材料中、SiO2の含有量が0.69質量%となるように秤量した。また、FePO4・nH2Oの配合量は、フェライト磁性材料中、Pの含有量が、P2O5換算で表1に示す値となるようにそれぞれ変化させた。
主組成の組成式:Ca1−w−xRwAxFezMmO19
式中、A=Sr、R=La、M=Coである。また、w=0.40、x=0.15、z=9.53、m=0.24である。
まず、実験例1の各フェライト焼結磁石の製造における、焼成時における成形体の収縮の割合を、厚み(shh(%)=100−(焼結体の厚み/成形体の厚み)×100)、及び直径(shΦ(%)=100−(焼結体の直径/成形体の直径)×100)をそれぞれ求め、これに基づいて焼結前後の縮率比(shh/shΦ:c軸方向/a軸方向)を算出した。
まず、フェライト磁性材料の主成分の原料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、炭酸ストロンチウム(SrCO3)を準備し、これらの原料を、焼成後のハードフェライトの組成(主組成)が以下の組成式となるようにそれぞれ秤量した。また、副成分の原料として、酸化ケイ素(SiO2)及び燐酸鉄(FePO4・nH2O)を準備した。SiO2は、フェライト磁性材料中、SiO2の含有量が0.21質量%となるように秤量した。また、FePO4・nH2Oの配合量は、フェライト磁性材料中、Pの含有量が、P2O5換算で表2に示す値となるようにそれぞれ変化させた。
式中、A=Sr、R=La、M=Coである。また、w=0.127、x=0.116、z=10.36、m=0.11である。
実験例2の各フェライト焼結磁石について、実験例1と同様に、shh(%)、shΦ(%)、shh/shΦ、P含有量、Br、HcJ、及びHk/HcJをそれぞれ求めた。得られた結果を表2に示す。
まず、フェライト磁性材料の主成分の原料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、炭酸ストロンチウム(SrCO3)を準備し、これらの原料を、焼成後のハードフェライトの組成(主組成)が以下の組成式となるようにそれぞれ秤量した。また、副成分の原料として、燐酸鉄(FePO4・nH2O)を準備した。FePO4・nH2Oの配合量は、フェライト磁性材料中、Pの含有量が、P2O5換算で表3に示す値となるようにそれぞれ変化させた。
式中、A=Srである。また、x=0.105、z=10.20である。
実験例3の各フェライト焼結磁石について、実験例1と同様に、shh(%)、shΦ(%)、shh/shΦ、P含有量、Br、HcJ、及びHk/HcJをそれぞれ求めた。得られた結果を表3に示す。
まず、フェライト磁性材料の主成分の原料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)、炭酸ストロンチウム(SrCO3)及び硫酸ストロンチウム(SrSO4)を準備した。Fe2O3、CaCO3及びSrCO3については、焼成後のハードフェライトの組成(主組成)が以下の組成式となるようにそれぞれ秤量した。また、SrSO4については、フェライト焼結磁石におけるSの含有量が、表4に示す値となるようにそれぞれ変化させた。
式中、A=Sr、R=La、M=Coである。また、w=0.127、x=0.116、z=10.36、m=0.11である。
実験例4の各フェライト焼結磁石について、実験例1と同様に、shh(%)、shΦ(%)、shh/shΦ、Br、HcJ、及びHk/HcJをそれぞれ求めた。また、各フェライト焼結磁石のS含有量を、誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析装置で測定した。これらの結果を表4に示す。
実験例1における、Pの含有量を0.0008質量%としたフェライト磁性材料、及び、0.0802質量%としたフェライト磁性材料をそれぞれ用いて、図1に示すアークセグメント型のフェライト焼結磁石を作製した。具体的には、各湿式成形用スラリーを得た後、アークセグメント形状が得られるように成形工程を行ったこと以外は、実験例1と同様にして、フェライト焼結磁石を得た。そして、実験例5では、どちらのフェライト磁性材料を用いる場合でも、表5に示す同じ焼結体寸法が得られるように、成形体寸法をそれぞれ調整した。それぞれのフェライト磁性材料を用いて同じ焼結体寸法を得るために必要であった各成形体寸法について、表5に示す。表5中のOR、IR、幅及び長さの各寸法は、それぞれ図2に示した部分の寸法である。
目的とする焼結体の寸法を表6に示すように変えたこと以外は、実験例5と同様の2種類のフェライト磁性材料を用い、同じ焼結体寸法を得るために必要であったそれぞれの成形体寸法を求めた。得られた結果を表6に示す。
目的とする焼結体の寸法を表7に示すように変えたこと以外は、実験例5と同様の2種類のフェライト磁性材料を用い、同じ焼結体寸法を得るために必要であったそれぞれの成形体寸法を求めた。また、各フェライト磁性材料を用いた焼結体の製造をそれぞれ10000回行い、そのうち焼結体にクラックが生じた回数を数えるとともに、成形工程において、湿式成形用スラリーを金型に充填するのに要した平均時間を求めた。得られた結果を表7に示す。
Claims (4)
- ハードフェライトを含む焼結磁石であって、
Pの含有量が、P2O5換算で、0.001〜0.1質量%である、ことを特徴とする焼結磁石。 - Pの含有量が、P2O5換算で、0.005〜0.08質量%である、ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の焼結磁石。
- アークセグメント形状を有する請求項1又は2に記載の焼結磁石。
- 前記アークセグメント形状の中心角が60〜132°である請求項3に記載の焼結磁石。
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