WO2013156870A2 - Détection de la quantité de circulation d'eau au moyen de grappes quantiques - Google Patents

Détection de la quantité de circulation d'eau au moyen de grappes quantiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013156870A2
WO2013156870A2 PCT/IB2013/001244 IB2013001244W WO2013156870A2 WO 2013156870 A2 WO2013156870 A2 WO 2013156870A2 IB 2013001244 W IB2013001244 W IB 2013001244W WO 2013156870 A2 WO2013156870 A2 WO 2013156870A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
silver
water
otbn
quantum clusters
color
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PCT/IB2013/001244
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English (en)
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WO2013156870A3 (fr
Inventor
Thalappil Pradeep
Leelavathi ANNAMALAI
Mohan Udhaya Sankar
Chaudhary Amrita
Anshup
Thumu Udayabhaskara RAO
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Indian Institute Of Technology
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Application filed by Indian Institute Of Technology filed Critical Indian Institute Of Technology
Priority to MX2014012608A priority Critical patent/MX362092B/es
Priority to CN201380025718.XA priority patent/CN104520706B/zh
Priority to JP2015506324A priority patent/JP6367182B2/ja
Priority to US14/394,825 priority patent/US10041925B2/en
Publication of WO2013156870A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013156870A2/fr
Publication of WO2013156870A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013156870A3/fr
Priority to IL235206A priority patent/IL235206A0/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18—Water
    • G01N33/1893—Water using flow cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the preparation of silver quantum cluster embedded in organic-templated-boehmite-nanoarchitecture (OTBN) and its use as a color changing sensor in the visible light or UV light for assessing the quantity of water passed through a water purification device.
  • OTZ organic-templated-boehmite-nanoarchitecture
  • Quantum clusters of noble metals are a class of new materials which are less than 1 nm in core dimension, nearly equal to Fermi wavelength of an electron (-0.5 nm for silver, M. A. H. Muhammed, T. Pradeep, in Advanced fluorescence reporters in chemistry and biology II: Molecular constructions, polymers and nanoparticles, Alexander P. Demchenko (ed.), 2010, Springer, Heidelberg). These are distinctly different from nanoparticles. In them band structure breaks into discrete energy levels, they have very high confinement in electronic structure, they exhibit molecular properties such as luminescence and plasmon resonance usually found with nanoparticles is absent. Due to these properties, quantum clusters have new utility in several applications such as optical storage, biological labels, catalysis, sensors, magnetism, optical absorption tunability, etc.
  • DNA sequences templated silver clusters have been synthesized which can be tuned for fluorescence emission wavelength by varying the DNA template, implying useful biological applications (J. Sharma, H.-C. Yeh, H. Yoo, James H. Werner, J. S. Martinez, Chem. Commun., 2010, 46, 3280-3282).
  • Properties of water soluble fluorescent silver clusters can be varied by adopting different synthetic routes and their stabilizing polymer ligand (H. Xu, K. S. Suslick, Adv. Mater., 2010, 22, 1078-1082).
  • DNA-encapsulated Ag nanoclusters exhibit high fluorescence in the near IR, enabling a single-molecule-specific bunching feature (T. Vosch, Y. Antoku, J.-C. Hsiang, C. I. Richards, J. I. Gonzalez, R. M. Dickson, PNAS, 2007, 104, 12616-12621 ).
  • Metal oxide supported silver quantum clusters are used as a catalyst (A. Leelavathi, T. U. B. Rao, T. Pradeep, Nanoscale Res. Lett, 201 1 , 6, 123-132).
  • Poly(methacrylic acid) stabilized silver nanoclusters prepared by sonochemical method can be used for bioimaging, chemical and biosensing, single- molecule studies, and possibly catalysis (H. Xu, K. S. Suslick, ACS Nano, 2010, 4, 3209-3214).
  • Sub-nanometer clusters are used as Raman labels to identify true chemical information about single molecules (L. P.-Capadona, J. Zheng, J. I. Gonzalez, T.-H. Lee, S. A. Patel, R. M. Dickson, Phys. Rev. Lett., 2005, 94, 058301 ).
  • Silver clusters synthesized by micro-emulsion method display paramagnetic behavior (A.
  • Silver quantum clusters have also been studied from various perspectives: synthesis (various kinds of molecular clusters), characterization and utility (sensing and catalysis). Several other applications such as metal ion sensing and cell imaging were done with gold clusters as well. A representative list for silver clusters is given as follows:
  • Luminescent sub-nanometer clusters for metal ion sensing a new direction in nanosensors, I. Chakraborty, T. U. B. Rao, T. Pradeep, J. Haz. Mater., 2012, 21 1 - 212, 396-403
  • Ehara et al. in US patent number 5458766 have utilized battery along with a LED for determination of lifetime of the filter.
  • Williams et al. in US patent number 7249524 have used an impeller device as a sensor for determining the flow and volume of water passing through the cartridge.
  • Larkner et al. in US patent number 6585885 have reported a water purification system containing a sensing element coupled with an electronic control for accurately indicating the volume of water.
  • Butts et al. in US patent number 4918426 have reported an in-line filter consisting of a flow meter with no moving parts to measure the total volume of the fluid filtered. Chai et al.
  • This invention reports the detection of volume of water passed through a water purification device, by use of a novel composition which undergoes change in the color upon continuous interaction with salts usually found in drinking water.
  • the aspect of color change in nanomaterial, especially noble metal nanoparticles, upon interaction with ionic salts is well-studied.
  • nanoparticles undergo instant aggregation upon exposure to mild concentration of salts. This is due to the reduction in surface energy of metal nanoparticles upon interaction with the counter ion.
  • the aggregation of metal nanoparticles, especially silver is almost instantaneous at salt concentrations of 100 ppm and above.
  • this disclosure in one aspect, relates to water purification.
  • the disclosure relates to the preparation of silver quantum cluster embedded in organic-templated-boehmite-nanoarchitecture (OTBN) and its use as a color changing sensor in the visible light or UV light for assessing the quantity of water passed through a water purification device.
  • OTZ organic-templated-boehmite-nanoarchitecture
  • An object of the present invention is to synthesize silver clusters in the OTBN matrix for protecting the silver quantum clusters from the segregation of common ions present in the drinking water.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a silver quantum clusters embedded in organic-templated-boehmite-nanoarchitecture (OTBN).
  • ONTBN organic-templated-boehmite-nanoarchitecture
  • Yet another object of the invention is to device a low cost visible sensor for the volume of water passed through the cartridge so as to detect the lifetime of the water purifier.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device with a water flow meter having a silver quantum clusters embedded in OTBN to detect the quantity of water flowing.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to utilize the changes in color in the absorbed visible light with volume of water passed, as an indicator of lifetime of the water purification device.
  • Still another object of the invention is to utilize the changes in luminescence in the absorbed UV light with volume of water passed, as an indicator of lifetime of the water purification device.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for detecting the quantity of water flow using silver quantum clusters embedded in organic-templated- boehmite-nanoarchitecture (Ag QCs-OTBN).
  • the OTBN matrix is used for protecting the silver quantum clusters.
  • the method involves monitoring the color of the silver quantum clusters in a light. The change in color of the silver quantum clusters from a first color to a second color indicates a specific amount of contaminated water has been passed.
  • a water flow meter in another aspect of the present disclosure, includes a water inlet and a water outlet for flow of water in and out of the flow meter respectively, a sensor and a transparent casing.
  • the sensor is present inside the flow meter.
  • the sensor having silver quantum clusters embedded in organic-templated-boehmite nanoarchitecture (OTBN).
  • OTBN organic-templated-boehmite nanoarchitecture
  • the embedding of silver quantum clusters in OTBN protects silver quantum clusters from segregation of ions present in the contaminated water.
  • the transparent casing allows monitoring the color of the sensor when the water is flowing. The change in color of the sensor from a first color to a second color indicates a specific amount of contaminated water have been passed through the water flow meter.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view a water purification device, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a flowchart showing the method of detecting the quantity of water flow, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 shows luminescence of glutathione protected Ag QCs embedded in OTBN under UV- lamp (preparation detailed in example 1 ), in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 shows color change observed during the passage of synthetic challenge water through Ag QCs embedded in OTBN (first row: photographs of disc in visible light, second row: photographs of disc in UV light).
  • the color change mentioned here in visible light are 0 L: pink, 50 L: light brown, 100 L: dark brown, 150 L: dark yellow, 200 L: yellowish green, 250 L: black.
  • the color change mentioned here in UV light is 0 L: red, 50 L: violet, 100 L: dull violet, 150 L: dark blue, 200 L: blue, 250 L: black. Images are shown in the shades of black and white in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows (a) TEM image of Ag QCs embedded in OTBN matrix (b) TEM image of Ag QCs-OTBN, upon electron beam irradiation for 20 minutes, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 shows FTIR spectra of (a) OTBN, (b) Ag QCs embedded in OTBN and (c) Ag QCs embedded in OTBN, after passage of 250 L of synthetic challenge water, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 shows luminescence spectra of (a) Ag QCs embedded in OTBN and those after the passage of (b) 50 L, (c) 150 L and (d) 250 L of water, excited at 450 nm, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • Fig. 8 shows X-ray diffractogram of (a) AIOOH (JCPDS PDF #832384), (b) chitosan, (c) OTBN, (d) silver quantum clusters embedded in OTBN, (e) silver clusters embedded in OTBN after the passage of 250 L of synthetic challenge water and (f) silver sulfide (JCPDS PDF #893840), in accordance with an aspect of the present invention;
  • FIG. 9 EDAX spectrum of Ag QCs embedded in OTBN.
  • Inset elemental X-ray images of Al Ka, O Ka, C Ka, Ag La and S Ka of the sample. The corresponding SEM image is also shown in the inset, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 EDAX spectrum of Ag QCs embedded in OTBN after the passage of 250 L of water.
  • Inset elemental X-ray images of Al Ka, O Ka, C Ka, Ag La, Si Ka, Ca Ka, CI Ka and S Ka of the sample. The corresponding SEM image is also shown in the inset, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
  • the present invention discloses the synthesis, characterization and application of silver quantum clusters impregnated organic-templated-boehmite- nanoarchitecture (Ag QCs-OTBN).
  • the as-synthesized Ag QCs-OTBN composition is characterized by a number of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques.
  • the utility of Ag QCs-OTBN as a visible sensor of quantity of water passed through a water purification device has been demonstrated.
  • the synthesized Ag QCs-OTBN is normally used in a water purification device. More specifically the Ag QCs-OTBN is used in the water flow meters to detect the quantity of water flowing.
  • FIG. 1 A perspective view of a gravity fed water purification device 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosure is shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the various elements shown in Fig. 1 are for the representational purpose. It should be appreciated that the dimensions and design of the gravity fed water purification device 100 and their elements varies as per the requirements.
  • the gravity fed water purification device 100 mainly includes a particulate filter 102 and a water flow meter 104.
  • the gravity fed water purification device 100 is configured to purify the contaminated water.
  • the water flow meter 104 is present after the water filter 102 as shown in Fig. 1 . In another embodiment of the disclosure, the water flow meter is present before the water filter (not shown in the Fig.). It should be appreciated that the water flow meter 104 can also be used irrespective of the presence of the water filter 104.
  • the use of water flow meter 104 is not limited to the particulate water filter 102. The use of any other type of water filter available in the market is well within the scope of this disclosure.
  • the contaminated water is provided to the particulate filter 102 through a first inlet 106.
  • the contaminated water is filtered in the particulate filter 102 and passed on to the water flow meter 104 through a first outlet 108.
  • a site 1 10 has been provided inside the water flow meter 104.
  • the site 1 10 includes a sensor 1 12.
  • the sensor 1 12 is silver quantum clusters embedded in the OTBN according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the embedding of silver quantum clusters in OTBN protects silver quantum clusters from segregation of ions present in the water.
  • the water enters the site 1 10 through a second inlet 1 14 and goes out of the site 1 10 from a second outlet 1 16 as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the water flow meter 104 further includes a transparent casing 1 18 or a transparent window 1 18. As the water flows over the silver quantum clusters, the color of silver quantum clusters changes from a first color to a second color.
  • the transparent casing 1 18 allows a user to monitor the color of the silver quantum clusters embedded in the OTBN. The change in color indicates that a specific amount of water has been passed from the water flow meter and the same amount of water has been purified using the water purification device 100.
  • the change in the color of the silver quantum clusters is detected by using one of the visible light or the Ultraviolet light.
  • the various changes in the color of the silver quantum clusters in the visible light or the Ultraviolet light are shown in Fig. 4 according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • a method for detecting the quantity of contaminated water using the water flow meter 104 is shown in a flowchart 200 of Fig. 2 in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 1 .
  • the sensor 1 12 is provided at the site 1 10.
  • the sensor 1 12 is silver quantum clusters embedded in the OTBN.
  • the embedding of silver quantum clusters in OTBN protects silver quantum clusters from segregation of ions present in the water.
  • the water is passed through the site 1 12.
  • the color of the silver quantum clusters is monitored through the transparent casing 1 18. The change in color indicates that the specific amount of water has been passed through the water flow meter 104.
  • the novelty of the composition of silver quantum clusters reported in the disclosure is that the visible sensor based on Ag QCs-OTBN not only assesses the volume of water passed as a mechanical flow meter does; it assesses the lifetime of a cartridge based on the input water quality. A measure of the input water quality can be taken as ionic strength of the input water.
  • the output reading of the sensor 1 12 is calibrated as per the requirement of the user. The sensor 1 12 is present at a fixed location. When the water flows inside the flow meter 104, then only a certain volume V1 of water out of the total volume of water (coming in the flow meter 104) passes through the sensor 1 12.
  • the passing of only certain volume V1 results in color change of the Ag QCs-OTBN sensors from pink to black.
  • the sensor is placed in such a way that only 10% of water coming in the flow meter 104 passes through the sensor 1 12. It is noted that the color of sensor 1 12 has been changed after a passage of 250 L. Since only 10 % is flowing through the sensor, so we calculate that a total of 2500 L has passed through the flow meter 104. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate the output reading of the sensor 1 12.
  • the present invention describes that the visible color change of the Ag QCs-OTBN from pink to black does not happen after a defined volume of any input water is passed.
  • the color change happens in a reduced volume of water if TDS of the input water is greater than 1 ,000 ppm and will happen after much larger volume of water, if TDS of the input water is less than 100 ppm.
  • Surface morphology, elemental analysis and elemental mapping studies were done using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays (EDAX) (FEI Quanta 200).
  • SEM Scanning Electron Microscope
  • EDAX Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays
  • FEI Quanta 200 Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays
  • sample in the gel form was re-suspended in water by sonication for 10 min and drop casted on an indium tin oxide (ITO) conducting glass and dried.
  • High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) was done using JEM 3010 (JEOL, Japan).
  • the samples were spotted on amorphous carbon coated copper grids and dried at room temperature.
  • FT-IR spectra were measured using Perkin Elmer Spectrum One instrument and KBr crystals were used as the matrix for preparing samples.
  • Luminescence measurements were carried out by using Jobin Vyon NanoLog instrument. The band pass for excitation and emission was set as 2 nm.
  • This example describes the in-situ preparation of silver quantum clusters protected by glutathione in the OTBN gel.
  • OTBN was prepared as reported in the previous patent application (1529/CHE/2010).
  • the filtered OTBN gel was used as a matrix for in-situ preparation of silver quantum clusters.
  • the prepared OTBN gel was re-suspended in water, to which silver precursor (silver nitrate, silver fluoride, silver acetate, silver permanganate, silver sulfate, silver nitrite, silver salicylate or a combination thereof) was added drop-wise.
  • silver precursor silver nitrate, silver fluoride, silver acetate, silver permanganate, silver sulfate, silver nitrite, silver salicylate or a combination thereof
  • This example describes the in-situ preparation of silver quantum clusters protected with glutathione on the OTBN powder.
  • the dried OTBN powder was crushed to a particle size of 100-150 ⁇ .
  • the powder was shaken in water using a shaker to which silver precursor (silver nitrate, silver fluoride, silver acetate, silver permanganate, silver sulfate, silver nitrite, silver salicylate or a combination thereof) was added drop-wise.
  • the percentage of silver loading in OTBN powder was 3%. After shaking the dispersion for an hour, glutathione was added drop wise; then the dispersion was shaken for an hour.
  • This example describes the preparation of silver quantum clusters in a variety of chitosan-metal oxide/hydroxide/oxyhydroxide composite gels.
  • the metal oxide/hydroxide/oxyhydroxide can be based on aluminum, iron, titanium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, zinc, lanthanum, cerium, zirconium or a combination thereof.
  • the synthetic procedure for such a composition is as follows: the chosen salt solution was added slowly into the chitosan solution (dissolved in 1 - 5 % glacial acetic acid or HCI or combination thereof) under vigorous stirring for 60 minutes and kept overnight at rest.
  • Aqueous ammonia or NaOH solution was added slowly into the metal-chitosan solution under vigorous stirring to precipitate the metal-chitosan composites. These gels were used as matrices for the in-situ preparation of ligand protected silver quantum clusters.
  • This example describes the preparation of fluorescent silver quantum clusters on magnetic materials.
  • Superparamagnetic Fe 3 0 4 was prepared by method as reported in prior art (M.T. Lopez-Lopez, J.D.G. Duran, A.V. Delgado, F. Gonzalez- Caballero, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2005, 291 , 144-151 ).
  • Freshly prepared superparamagnetic particles were added to the chitosan solution, allowed to stir for 2 h, precipitated at pH 9 using NaOH or aqueous ammonia and filtered to remove the salt contents.
  • This example describes the visible sensor for volume of water passed through a column using silver quantum clusters in organic-templated-boehmite- nanoarchitecture (Ag QCs-OTBN).
  • a known quantity of Ag QCs-OTBN was packed as a disk of diameter anywhere between 35 mm to 55 mm, in a column.
  • Challenge water having ionic concentration as prescribed by US NSF for testing contaminant removal was used in the study.
  • the output water from a standard carbon block was passed through Ag QCs-OTBN disk at 60 to 120 mL/min flow rate. At periodic intervals, color of the disk was photographed and emission spectra of the material were collected. The change in color from pink to black was observed after the passage of 250 L of water.
  • the material was collected, dried and analyzed using various techniques. Experiment was conducted with the carbon block at the output of the AgQCs-OTBN disk as well.
  • This example describes the visible sensor based on fluorescence quenching of Ag QCs-OTBN to quantify volume of water passed through a column.
  • a known quantity of Ag QCs-OTBN was packed in the form of a disk of diameter anywhere between 35 mm to 55 mm. The feed water was passed through this disk at a flow rate of 80 mL/min. At periodic intervals, color of the disk was photographed and emission spectra of the material were collected. The change in color from pink to black was observed after the passage of 250 L of water. The black material was collected, dried and analyzed using XRD and EDAX.
  • Fig. 3 depicts in gray shades that the Ag QCs-OTBN is highly luminescent under UV light and luminescence can be observed even under low UV intensity (8 W low pressure Hg lamp), in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
  • the experiments results in the pink luminescence of Ag QCs-OTBN under UV light.
  • the composition shown here was stable and it exhibited pink luminescence intensity even after a few months of storage under ambient conditions.
  • Fig. 3 displays various shades of black and white as luminescence in the central region of the petri dish.
  • Fig. 4 shows Ag QCs embedded in OTBN is used as a sensor for detecting the volume of water that can be filtered by a water filtration unit, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
  • the figure shows the color of the Ag QCs embedded in OTBN changes from brighter shade of gray at 402 to darker shade of gray at 404 after the passage of particular amount of water.
  • the Ag QCs-OTBN sensor should indicate the volume of water that can be passed through a filter and also should indicate whether the water purification device is exhausted or not. To achieve this, the output water from the water filtration unit is passed through the sensor material and collected in the storage container.
  • Fig. 4 shows color of Ag QCs- OTBN disc in visible light and second row shows luminescence of Ag QCs-OTBN disc in UV light.
  • the material Prior to the passage of water, the material is pink in color (brighter shade of gray at 402 is shown in Fig. 4) and exhibits high luminescence.
  • the material undergoes gradual change and finally turns black (darker shade of gray at 404 is shown in Fig. 4) with quenching in luminescence.
  • the color change mentioned here in visible light are 0 L: pink, 50 L: light brown, 100 L: dark brown, 150 L: dark yellow, 200 L: yellowish green, 250 L: black.
  • the color change mentioned here in UV light is 0 L: red, 50 L: violet, 100 L: dull violet, 150 L: dark blue, 200 L: blue, 250 L: black. Images are shown in the shades of black and white in accordance with an aspect of the present invention. A blank trial with OTBN matrix alone indicated that OTBN matrix does not contribute to the color change upon passage of water. This confirms that the change in color of the material is due to silver quantum clusters. Similar color change was seen in AgQCs prepared in matrices containing titanium, zinc, cerium, and zirconium.
  • Fig. 5 (a) shows the TEM image of Ag QCs embedded in OTBN, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
  • Clusters in OTBN are not observable in TEM images. This is due to sub-nanometer size of the Ag QC.
  • Ag QCs in OTBN described in this invention was stable under the electron beam (Fig. 5b).
  • the stability of Ag QCs in OTBN under electron beam confirms that Ag cluster is highly protected by the OTBN matrix.
  • the electron beam induced aggregation of silver clusters did not happen as the clusters were embedded inside the OTBN matrix.
  • Fig. 6 depicts an FTIR spectra of (a) OTBN, (b) Ag QCs embedded in OTBN and (c) Ag QCs embedded in OTBN after passage of 250 L of synthetic challenge water, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention. Impregnation of Ag QCs in OTBN leads to change in the N-H stretching band around 1402 cm "1 (shown in curve b). After passage of 250 L synthetic challenge water, N-H band resembles the same as of OTBN. The features present in the region of 2000-500 cm "1 confirm the presence of glutathione (M. A. Habeeb Muhammed, S. Ramesh, S. S. Sinha, S. K. Pal and T. Pradeep, Nano Res., 2008, 1 , 333-340). The spectra show a strong band at 3450 cm "1 due to hydrated water.
  • Fig. 7 shows a luminescence spectra of (a) Ag QCs embedded in OTBN and those after the passage of (b) 50 L, (c) 150 L and (d) 250 L of water, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a X-ray diffractogram of (a) AIOOH (JCPDS PDF #832384), (b) chitosan, (c) OTBN, (d) silver quantum clusters embedded in OTBN, (e) silver clusters embedded in OTBN after the passage of 250 L of synthetic challenge water and (f) JCPDS PDF #893840 of silver sulfide, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention.
  • the peaks attributed to Ag 2 S are marked in (e).
  • the XRD of as- synthesized OTBN showed peaks corresponding to (120), (013), (051 ), (151 ), (200), (231 ) and (251 ) planes (Fig. 8c).
  • Fig. 8e shows that after the passage of 250 liters of water, new peaks appeared corresponding to silver sulfide. The new peaks are indexed based on the pattern of standard silver sulfide (JCPDS PDF #893840) (Fig. 8f). The labeled peaks (marked with ( ⁇ ) are designated as (-121 ) and (-1 12) respectively.
  • Fig. 9 and fig. 10 shows EDAX spectrum of as-synthesized QCs embedded in OTBN, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention. This confirms the presence all expected elements such as Ag, S, C and O.
  • the inset shows SEM and its elemental mapping before the passage of water. EDAX spectrum after the passage of 250 L of synthetic challenge water is shown in Fig. 10 and it confirms the presence of all the expected elements such as Al, O K, C K, Ag L, Si K, Ca K, CI K and S K. Ca, Si and CI are from water.
  • the inset shows the SEM and elemental maps of the material after the passage of water.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne la préparation de grappes quantiques d'argent logées dans une nanoarchitecture de boehmite mortaisée organique et son utilisation comme capteur de la quantité de circulation d'eau mesurée par un changement de couleur dans la lumière visible lors d'un écoulement d'eau contaminée. Les nanoarchitectures de boehmite mortaisées organiques logées dans des grappes quantiques d'argent sont extrêmement luminescentes. Etant donné que les grappes quantiques sont logées dans la matrice, elles sont extrêmement stables pendant une longue période de temps. La composition décrite ici est utilisée sous forme d'un dispositif destiné à la « détection sur la base d'un changement de couleur de lumière visible/ultraviolette » lors du passage de l'eau à travers un dispositif de purification d'eau. Lors de l'interaction avec des ions présents dans l'eau, des grappes d'argent luminescentes subissent une transformation chimique pour devenir des nanoparticules d'Ag2S. La transformation se manifeste sous la forme d'un changement de couleur visible (du rose au noir) et d'une extinction de luminescence (de l'émission de rouge à une luminescence négligeable).
PCT/IB2013/001244 2012-04-17 2013-04-17 Détection de la quantité de circulation d'eau au moyen de grappes quantiques WO2013156870A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MX2014012608A MX362092B (es) 2012-04-17 2013-04-17 Deteccion del caudal de agua con clusteres cuanticos.
CN201380025718.XA CN104520706B (zh) 2012-04-17 2013-04-17 使用量子簇检测水流量
JP2015506324A JP6367182B2 (ja) 2012-04-17 2013-04-17 量子クラスタを使用する水流の量の検出
US14/394,825 US10041925B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2013-04-17 Detection of quantity of water flow using quantum clusters
IL235206A IL235206A0 (en) 2012-04-17 2014-10-19 Identifying quantities of flowing water using quantum clusters

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1521/CHE/2012 2012-04-17
IN1521CH2012 2012-04-17

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WO2013156870A2 true WO2013156870A2 (fr) 2013-10-24
WO2013156870A3 WO2013156870A3 (fr) 2014-01-23

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