WO2013151190A1 - タングステン化合物の回収方法 - Google Patents
タングステン化合物の回収方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013151190A1 WO2013151190A1 PCT/JP2013/062409 JP2013062409W WO2013151190A1 WO 2013151190 A1 WO2013151190 A1 WO 2013151190A1 JP 2013062409 W JP2013062409 W JP 2013062409W WO 2013151190 A1 WO2013151190 A1 WO 2013151190A1
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- tungsten compound
- tungsten
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- microorganisms
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 150000003658 tungsten compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- -1 tungsten compound ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 35
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- XAYGUHUYDMLJJV-UHFFFAOYSA-Z decaazanium;dioxido(dioxo)tungsten;hydron;trioxotungsten Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XAYGUHUYDMLJJV-UHFFFAOYSA-Z 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000020083 shōchū Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000605222 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Species 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000194110 Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001524188 Glutamicibacter nicotianae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001138401 Kluyveromyces lactis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235058 Komagataella pastoris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000320412 Ogataea angusta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589774 Pseudomonas sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000863430 Shewanella Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000187419 Streptomyces rimosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/18—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes, e.g. bacteria or algae
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/10—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an adsorption step
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/21—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using organic binders or matrix
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/12—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic alkaline solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/36—Obtaining tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4868—Cells, spores, bacteria
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
- C02F1/385—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation by centrifuging suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- Super-hard alloys are often used for cutting tools based on their super-hard properties, but they contain expensive rare elements such as tungsten, cobalt, tantalum, and niobium. It is desired to collect a large amount.
- a typical example of the direct method is a zinc treatment method (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- This method does not use chemicals or aqueous solutions, and can recover and reuse zinc as well. It is advantageous in that it consumes less energy, and the investment in processing equipment is not so large. is there.
- the direct method since the scrap is recovered with the composition as it is, it is necessary to perform sorting in advance, and the sorting cost becomes a burden and the advantage of the process cost is reduced.
- the coating layer component of the cutting tool having a high production ratio is recovered at the same time, there is a problem that the quality of the recycled material is deteriorated. Therefore, it is a big problem that there is an application restriction, such as the need to use it mixed with new powder, and it is a problem to simultaneously develop a use that can expand the application range.
- NH 4 OH is added to H 2 WO 4 to produce an aqueous solution of (NH 4 ) 2 WO 4 .
- APT ammonium paratungstate
- APT is thermally decomposed to obtain tungsten oxide (WO 3 ).
- yeasts such as shochu lees adsorb tungsten in a shorter reaction time than bacteria such as E. coli, and the amount of tungsten that can be adsorbed per cell of microorganisms is higher. I know it will increase. Therefore, yeast has a higher recovery efficiency of tungsten than bacteria.
- microorganisms are concentrated or powdered, a large-capacity microorganism storage tank is not required, so that the microorganisms can be stored easily and the amount of processed material can be increased.
- the roasted product is taken out and collected, the already roasted product and the unroasted product can be easily separated.
- an electromagnet if an electromagnet is attached to a roasted product take-out port of a rotary kiln device, only the unroasted product is attracted by the electromagnet when the roasted product is taken out, and the unbaked product that has not been attracted is taken out. Then, it becomes possible to separate the baked product from the baked product, and after that, after the energization of the electromagnet is stopped, the non-baked product is returned to the rotary kiln to improve the work efficiency.
- the microorganisms that have adsorbed the tungsten compound ions are dehydrated by means such as centrifugation, and impurities are removed (recovery washing step) to concentrate the microorganisms that have adsorbed the tungsten compound ions.
- a microorganism having adsorbed the concentrated tungsten compound ions is put into a desorption solution such as pure water to create a suspension, and an ammonia solution such as NH 4 Cl is added to the suspension to thereby add the suspension.
- a desorption solution such as pure water to create a suspension
- an ammonia solution such as NH 4 Cl
- tungsten compound ions are desorbed from the microorganism into the desorption liquid.
- 80% or more of the tungsten compound ions can be desorbed from the microorganism within 3 minutes.
- the suspension containing the microorganisms and the tungsten compound ions separated from the microorganisms is separated into a microorganism and a desorption liquid containing the tungsten compound ions by performing centrifugation and filter filtration.
- the separation and extraction process of tungsten such as a solvent extraction method, an elution process, and a resin regeneration process that require a multi-step process and a large amount of chemicals are used.
- adsorption method biosorption
- desorption method desorption
- microorganisms man-hours
- the amount of chemicals and waste liquid used is low, so the cost is low.
- the tungsten compound can be recovered.
- microorganisms can be reused, the cost for discarding microorganisms is not necessary, and procurement costs (culture) and mass storage of microorganisms can be reduced.
- the used tungsten carbide cutting inserts are pulverized and oxidized and roasted, and the oxidized roasted pre-baked product is eluted in an alkaline solution (NaOH aqueous solution), and the tungsten compounds having the concentrations shown in Table 1 are dissolved in tungsten ions.
- a containing solution was obtained.
- the tungsten compound-containing solution was adjusted to the temperature and pH shown in Table 1, and E. coli having the concentration shown in Table 1 was added in the form of addition shown in Table 1, and the solution was stirred.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1)溶融塩溶解により生成したNa2WO4を水に溶解してNa2WO4水溶液を得る。なお、鉱石精錬では鉱石中に含まれるSiO2、As、P、Mo等も溶解されるので、pH調整や硫化などの方法によりこれらの不純物を難溶性の化合物として沈殿させ、濾過して除去する。また、廃超硬工具のリサイクルでは、超硬合金の添加元素として含まれるCo、Ti、Ta、Nb、Cr、V等のタングステン以外の不純物を、pH調整や硫化などの方法により難溶性の化合物として沈殿させ、ろ過して除去する。
(2)Na2WO4水溶液にCaCl2を加え、CaWO4の沈殿を形成し、このCaWO4のスラリーを水洗してNa成分を除去する。
(3)CaWO4のスラリーにHClを加え、タングステン酸(H2WO4)の沈殿を生成し、このH2WO4スラリーを水洗してCaイオンを除去する。
(4)H2WO4にNH4OHを加え、(NH4)2WO4の水溶液を生成する。
(5)この水溶液を加熱・濃縮することにより、パラタングステン酸アンモニウム(APT)を晶出させる。
(6)APTを熱分解して酸化タングステン(WO3)を得る。
以下、本発明の第1の実施形態として、図1に基づいて、超硬質合金スクラップから酸化タングステンを回収する方法について具体的に説明する。超硬質合金スクラップとは、金属タングステンや炭化タングステン(WC)等を主成分とする超硬質合金を用いた超硬工具の製造工程において生じるスクラップや使用済み工具などのハードスクラップのほか、研削スラッジなどの粉状のソフトスクラップが挙げられる。一般に超硬工具は、金属タングステンや炭化タングステン等の複合炭化物を主体とし、鉄、ニッケル、コバルト、銅などを結合相とし、必要に応じて添加物成分としてTiC、TaC、NbC、VC、Cr3C2等を含む超硬合金によって製造されており、具体的には、切削工具(チップ、ドリル、エンドミル等)、金型(成形ロール、成形型等)、土木鉱山用工具(石油掘削用工具、岩石粉砕用工具等)などがある。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態として、図2に基づいて、超硬質合金スクラップから酸化タングステンを回収する方法について具体的に説明する。
Claims (10)
- タングステンを含有する被処理物の金属成分をアルカリ溶液に溶出させ、タングステン化合物イオンが溶解したタングステン化合物溶液を得る工程と、
前記タングステン化合物溶液に微生物を投入し、前記タングステン化合物溶液を酸性に調整して前記微生物に前記タングステン化合物イオンを吸着させる吸着工程と、
前記タングステン化合物イオンを吸着した前記微生物を回収し、洗浄する回収洗浄工程と、を有することを特徴とするタングステン化合物の回収方法。 - 前記吸着工程において、前記タングステン化合物溶液のpHを1~4に調整することを特徴とする請求項1記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。
- 前記微生物がバクテリアであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。
- 前記微生物が酵母であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。
- 前記タングステン化合物が、タングステン酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れかに記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。
- 前記被処理物が、超硬合金であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の何れかに記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。
- 前記微生物を粉末状として、前記タングステン化合物溶液に投入することを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れかに記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。
- 前記回収洗浄工程の後に、さらに回収した前記微生物を乾燥、熱処理してタングステン化合物を得る工程と、を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の何れかに記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。
- 前記回収洗浄工程の後に、さらに回収した前記微生物を、脱離用液に投入して中性またはアルカリ性に調整し、前記微生物から前記タングステン化合物イオンを脱離させる工程と、
前記脱離用液から前記微生物を分離し、前記脱離用液中の前記タングステン化合物イオンを熱分解してタングステン化合物を得る工程と、を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の何れかに記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。 - 回収した前記タングステン化合物をさらに還元する還元工程を有することを特徴とする請求項8または9に記載のタングステン化合物の回収方法。
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