WO2013149359A1 - 带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置 - Google Patents

带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013149359A1
WO2013149359A1 PCT/CN2012/000432 CN2012000432W WO2013149359A1 WO 2013149359 A1 WO2013149359 A1 WO 2013149359A1 CN 2012000432 W CN2012000432 W CN 2012000432W WO 2013149359 A1 WO2013149359 A1 WO 2013149359A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
support plate
frame body
unit
waste
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/000432
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周钜洸
Original Assignee
Chou Chukwang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chou Chukwang filed Critical Chou Chukwang
Priority to PCT/CN2012/000432 priority Critical patent/WO2013149359A1/zh
Priority to MYPI2014000887A priority patent/MY168110A/en
Priority to CN201280041046.7A priority patent/CN103842102B/zh
Publication of WO2013149359A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013149359A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B09B3/45—Steam treatment, e.g. supercritical water gasification or oxidation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a waste disposal apparatus, and more particularly to a waste treatment apparatus having a three-dimensional agitation mechanism.
  • the Chinese Invention Patent Gazette published on May 21, 2008 the invention patent entitled "Processing Device for Organic Waste and Liquid Separation and Recovery Method” with the publication number CN101184560A, and the application number is 200580049929.2. It consists of a closed container, a feed input unit, a steam ejecting unit, a stirring unit, and a discharging unit.
  • the device has two major drawbacks that make it not work well.
  • the agitation unit includes a rotating shaft and a stirring blade.
  • the rotating shaft is laterally long and disposed in the closed container and is axially supported for rotation.
  • the agitating blade is mounted on the rotating shaft and has a portion widened in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and the length from the rotating shaft of the agitating blade to the tip end of the blade is formed as follows: corresponding to the horizontally-shaped barrel shape of the hermetic container, On the other hand, the center position in the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft is long, and becomes shorter as it goes to both end sides.
  • the shortcomings of this mechanism are: The waste is placed in a closed container and accumulated in the bottom of the closed container due to the action of gravity. The movement track under the action of the spiral blade and gravity is almost straight, and it is impossible to form the inversion, extrusion and stirring.
  • the discharging unit is composed of a discharge port, a discharge cylinder, and an opening and closing mechanism.
  • the opening and closing mechanism is a ball valve, and the discharge port is at the bottom of the center of the reaction kettle, and the discharge cylinder and the opening and closing mechanism are sequentially connected downward. .
  • the structure The inadequacies are: The inlet port of the opening and closing mechanism ball valve is lower than the discharge port, and the space left in this section will fill the material.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a more reasonable structure for the deficiencies of the prior art, the mixing can make the waste more fully mixed with the high temperature and high pressure steam, the unloading is unobstructed, and the production efficiency is high. Waste treatment device for the mixing mechanism.
  • a waste treatment device with a three-dimensional stirring mechanism comprising a closed container, a feed input unit, a steam ejection unit, and a rotation supported by a bearing in a central portion of the sealed container a stirring unit of the shaft, and a discharging unit having a waste discharge port and a closed ball valve, wherein the stirring unit further has a support plate, an outer spiral ring and a blade; the support plate is located at a central position of the container with a rotating shaft
  • the left/right symmetry of the center point is asymmetrically mounted on the rotating shaft at an equal interval of 90 degrees, and the support plate asymmetrically mounted on the rotating shaft divides the growth support plate and the short support plate to support the center point.
  • the end of the long support plate on the left/right sides of the starting point is connected to the outer spiral ring of the corresponding rotating direction, and the short supporting plates on the left/right sides are connected to the blade, and the left/right sides are short
  • the left/right blade on the support plate forms a pair of interrupted spiral rings, and the direction of the broken spiral ring is opposite to the direction of the outer spiral ring on the same side; the discharging unit is further provided with a complementary plate and a driving mechanism.
  • the position plate and the driving mechanism are composed of a frame body, a cylinder and a piston rod, a double link, a complement plate, a bottom plate, a lower guide wheel and a guide rail, and a side guide
  • the wheel and the guide plate are formed, the complement plate is matched with the waste discharge port, the double link is respectively hingedly connected with the complement plate and the bottom plate to form a parallelogram link member, and the lower guide wheel is mounted at the bottom of the bottom plate to be mounted along the frame.
  • the side guide wheel is mounted on the edge of the complement plate, the guide plate is located on the opposite side of the discharge port and the side guide wheel, the cylinder is mounted on the outside of the frame body, and the cylinder piston rod is hingedly connected with the bottom plate;
  • the frame body has a three-way type, and the straight channel inlet is installed integrally with the reaction kettle under the waste discharge port, and the position plate driving mechanism is installed in the middle cavity of the frame body, and the cylinder piston rod is located at the maximum position when the cylinder is extended.
  • the parallelogram connecting rod member has a rectangular shape, and the complementary plate at the top of the rectangular shape is flush with the waste discharge port. When the cylinder piston rod is at the minimum contraction position, the parallelogram connecting rod member is contracted to give the straight body of the frame body, ⁇ The ball closing valve is installed at the outlet of the straight channel of the frame body.
  • the ratio of the length of the agitating unit support plate dividing the growth support plate and the short support plate is 2:1.
  • the long support plate and the short support plate of the support plate mounted on the rotating shaft at the central position of the sealed container are perpendicular to the axis of the rotation axis.
  • the support long plates on the left and right sides of the support plate mounted on the rotating shaft at the central position of the sealed container are twisted at a length of 2/3 thereof, and the angle of the torsion surface coincides with the rising angle of the spiral ring.
  • the support short plates on the left and right sides of the support plate mounted on the rotating shaft at the center of the sealed container are at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft, and the angular direction thereof coincides with the direction of the blade.
  • a pressure equalizing pipe is installed between the frame body of the retaining plate and the driving mechanism and the closed container, and the equalizing pipe routing shut-off valve and two side pipes connected to both ends of the shut-off valve are formed, one side
  • the pipeline supports the position plate and the frame body of the drive mechanism, and the other side of the pipeline is connected to the closed container.
  • the pad surface has the same curved surface as the waste discharge port.
  • the waste sealed container with the three-dimensional stirring mechanism proposed by the present invention is used, the waste entering the sealed container is moved from the center of the closed container to both ends by the external spiral.
  • the blade rotation direction installed on the short support plate is opposite to the outer spiral ring, the material of the intermediate layer is moved from the both ends of the sealed container toward the center by the inner blade, and simultaneously on the circumference of the closed container. / Turning down, all the materials in the closed container are continuously moved and turned up and down in the axial and radial circumferences, which greatly improves the mixing efficiency of the material, avoids the situation that the material movement form is single when the conventional mixing mechanism is stirred, and stirs. Insufficient problems with dead ends and easy accumulation of materials are left.
  • the complement plate and the retaining plate of the drive mechanism are located at the waste discharge port, and the surface of the complement plate has the same surface as the waste discharge port. Therefore, no material will accumulate at the waste discharge port, nor will it be compacted by agitation, the unloading will be smooth and unobstructed, and the pressure equalization pipeline ensures the same pressure of the sealed container and the intermediate cavity of the positioner drive mechanism. There is no pressure difference on both sides of the plate, no additional resistance is applied to the opening and closing of the pad, and the material is prevented from moving downward from the gap of the pad under the pressure difference.
  • the structure design of the invention is reasonable, the dead angle of the mixing of the waste mixing materials is eliminated, the waste is more fully mixed with the high temperature and high pressure steam, and the unloading is not discharged, the production is more smooth, and the production efficiency has been greatly improved. progress.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a view showing the direction of movement of the material in the operation of the stirring apparatus of the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the alignment plate of the embodiment of Figure 1 and the waste container discharge port of the sealed container.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the straight path of the frame body in the contraction state of the embodiment of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the state in which the retaining plate of Fig. 1 is in a contracted state.
  • a waste reaction with a three-dimensional agitation mechanism The kettle comprises: a closed container, a feed input unit, a steam ejection unit, a stirring unit, and a discharging unit.
  • the agitating unit has a rotating shaft 1, a supporting plate 2, an outer spiral ring 3, and a paddle 4.
  • the supporting plate 2 is symmetrically arranged at a right angle of 90 degrees with a rotation axis at a central position of the container as a center point.
  • the support plate asymmetrically mounted on the rotating shaft divides the growth support plate 21 and the short support plate 22, starting from the long support plate of the support plate at the center point, left/right sides
  • the end portions of the long support plates 21 are connected to the outer spiral ring 3 of the corresponding rotational direction, and the short support plates 22 on the left/right sides thereof are connected to the paddles 4, and the left/right sides are short on the short support plates 22.
  • the left/right blades form a pair of interrupted spirals, and the direction of the broken spirals is opposite to the direction of the outer spirals on the same side.
  • the present invention further takes the following measures:
  • the ratio of the length of the support plate 2 divided into the long support plate 21 and the short support plate 22 is 2:1.
  • the outer spiral ringing, the shifting material layer and the intermittent spiral ring formed by the blade are reversely turned, and the material layer is substantially balanced to achieve the best effect.
  • the long support plate and the short support plate of the support plate mounted on the rotating shaft at the central position of the sealed container are perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, and the structure causes the material located at the intermediate portion of the reaction vessel to be turned upside down.
  • the support long plates on the left and right sides of the support plate mounted on the rotating shaft at the central position of the sealed container are twisted at a length of 2/3 thereof, the angle of the torsion surface is consistent with the rising angle of the spiral ring, and is installed in the center of the sealed container.
  • the support short plates on the left and right sides of the support plate on the rotating shaft of the position are at an angle of 45 degrees to the axis of the rotating shaft, and the angular direction thereof is consistent with the direction of the blade.
  • the working process of the stirring unit of the invention is as follows: When the solid material is loaded into the sealed container for reaction, the stirring system is rotated under the driving of the stirring power system, and the material located in the middle of the sealed container is pushed by the outer spiral ring from the center of the sealed container to the two Side movement, because the outer spiral is opposite to the inner blade on the same side, Therefore, the inner material is moved from the two ends of the sealed container to the center by the inner blade, and at the same time, the circumference of the sealed container is turned upside down, and all the materials inside the sealed container are continuously on the axial and radial circumferences.
  • the movement and turning are carried out, and the material mixing efficiency is greatly improved, which avoids the problem that the conventional mixing system has a single material movement form during work, the insufficient stirring has dead angles and the materials are easy to accumulate.
  • the stirring system rotates in the opposite direction, and the material moves from the both ends of the sealed container to the middle under the push of the outer spiral ring.
  • the material is naturally discharged by gravity, because The outer spiral ring has a continuous ring shape, and a small gap is left between the circumference and the inner diameter of the cylindrical body of the sealed container, thereby ensuring that the material after the reaction is continuously pushed all the way to the discharge port of the kettle body, and no material remains. .
  • the agitation unit of the invention has the function of cross-moving all the materials inside the sealed container and turning and stirring at the same time, and the support plate as the outer spiral ring and the inner blade is a plate-like structure, and participates in turning and stirring the material during the reaction stirring. , so that the material in the kettle can fully participate in the reaction. At the same time, the phenomenon that the material in the single stirring blade structure is insufficiently stirred is avoided.
  • FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams showing the structure of the feeding unit and the driving mechanism of the discharging unit.
  • the discharge unit has a waste discharge port 5, a retaining plate 6 and a drive mechanism, and an open/close ball valve 9.
  • the position plate 6 and the driving mechanism are composed of a frame body 71, a cylinder 72 and a piston rod 73, a double link 74/75, a complement plate 6, a bottom plate 77, a lower guide wheel 78 and a guide rail 79, and a side guide wheel 80.
  • the guide plate 81 is composed of the guide plate 81, the complementary plate 6 is matched with the waste discharge port 5, and the double links 74/75 are hingedly connected with the retaining plate 6 and the bottom plate 77 respectively to form a parallelogram connecting rod member, and the lower end of the bottom plate 77 is mounted with a lower guide.
  • the wheel 78 is slidable along the guide rails 79 mounted on both sides of the frame body 71.
  • the side guide wheels 80 are mounted on the edge of the positioner plate 6, and the guide plate 81 is located on the opposite side of the discharge port 5 from the side guide wheel 80.
  • the cylinder 72 is mounted.
  • the cylinder piston rod 73 is hingedly connected to the bottom plate 77; the frame body 1 is of a three-way type, and the straight passage inlet is installed under the waste discharge port 5 and integrated with the sealed container, the complement The plate 6 and the driving mechanism are installed in the middle cavity of the frame body 71, and the cylinder is alive.
  • the parallelogram link member has a rectangular shape when the plug rod 73 is at the maximum extension position, the complement plate 6 at the top of the rectangular shape is flush with the waste discharge port 5, and the cylinder rod 73 is located at the minimum contraction position, and the parallelogram joint is connected.
  • the rod member is contracted to allow the frame body 71 to be straight, and the open and closed ball valve 9 is mounted at the straight passage exit of the frame body 71.
  • the present invention also adopts the following measures: a pressure equalizing pipe 8 is installed between the retaining plate 6 and the frame body 71 of the driving mechanism and the closed container, and the equalizing pipe 8 is composed of a shut-off valve and a shut-off valve.
  • the two sides of the pipeline are connected by the end phase, one side of the pipeline complements the position plate and the frame body of the driving mechanism, and the other side of the pipeline is connected to the closed container.
  • the pressure equalization pipeline makes the pressure on the upper and lower sides of the compensation plate equal.
  • there is no external resistance to the opening and closing of the supplementary plate on the other hand, the material can be prevented from passing through the pallet and the material discharge port under the pressure difference. The gap between them enters the intermediate cavity of the frame body of the pad drive mechanism.
  • the retaining plate and the driving mechanism of the invention work as follows: before the sealed container enters the material, the double connecting rod is hingedly connected with the retaining plate and the bottom plate respectively to form a parallelogram connecting rod member which is contracted to let the frame body pass through.
  • the cylinder is commanded to extend its piston rod, the guide wheel on the bottom plate is pushed along the guide rail, and the parallelogram connecting rod member remains unchanged.
  • the parallelogram connecting rod member is used as the parallel plate side guide wheel and the guide plate
  • the double link is both translated and rotated, and the complementary plate is no longer translated but rises along the guide plate until the double link is vertical and the complementary plate is flush with the material discharge port.
  • the cylinder can command the piston rod to retract slowly.
  • the guide wheel on the bottom plate slides along the guide rail, the complement plate descends, and then moves horizontally to let the frame body straight passage, and the material passes through the straight passage and then opens and closes.
  • the ball valve exits the reaction vessel.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置，包括密闭容器、进料投入单元、蒸汽喷出单元、具有一个通过轴承支承在密闭容器中央部位的旋转轴（1）的搅拌单元和具有废料排出口（5）、开闭球阀（9）的出料单元；所述搅拌单元还有支承板（2）、外螺环（3）、桨叶（4），所述出料单元还设有补位板（6）及驱动机构。由于所述外螺环（3）和所述桨叶（4）运动方向相反，避免了常规搅拌机构搅拌时物料运动形式单一的状况，搅拌不充分留有死角及物料易堆积的问题；由于采用了补位板（6），且均压管路保证密封容器与补位板驱动机构中间腔体相同的压力，补位板（6）的两面不会有压力差，补位板（6）的开启与闭合无外加阻力，同时避免物料在压力差的作用下从补位板（6）的缝隙中下移。

Description

带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置 技术领域- 本发明涉及一种废弃物的处理装置， 更具体地说涉及一种带有三维搅拌机 构的废弃物处理装置。
背景技术：
在现有技术中， 中国发明专利公报于 2008年 5 月 21 日公开了公开号为 CN101184560A， 申请号为 200580049929.2 名称为 "有机系废弃物的处理装 置及液体分离回收方法"的发明专利， 该装置由密闭容器、 进料投入单元、 蒸 汽喷出单元、 搅拌单元、 出料单元组成。 该装置存在二个重大的缺陷， 使其不 能很好地运转： 其一是， 所述搅拌单元包括旋转轴和搅拌叶片， 旋转轴横向较 长地设置在密闭容器内并被轴支承为可旋转， 搅拌叶片安装在旋转轴上并具有 在该旋转轴的周向上变宽的部位， 从搅拌叶片的旋转轴到叶片前端的长度如下 地形成： 与密闭容器的横倒的桶型形状相对应， 而在旋转轴的长度方向的中央 位置较长， 随着向两端侧而逐渐变短。 该机构的不足之处是： 废弃物装入密闭 容器内因重力的作用堆积在密闭容器的底部， 在呈螺旋叶片及重力的推动下的 运动轨迹几乎为一直线， 无法形成翻转、 挤压、 搅拌， 其与高温高压下的蒸汽 接触不充分， 所期待的水解、 催化、 萃取、 细化各种理化反应未能有效地进行, 故延长了反应的时间、 效率低下， 整个运转情况不理想， 不能达预期的效果。 其二是， 所述出料单元由排出口、 排出筒、 开闭机构组成， 所述开闭机构为一 球阀， 排出口在反应釜中央的下底， 向下依次连接排出筒、 开闭机构。 该结构 的不足之处是： 开闭机构球阀的进料口低于排出口， 该段留有的空间会填满物 料， 当密闭容器内物料进行反应时， 填堵的这部分物料无法参与搅拌、 反应， 造成出料中参杂有未进行反应的物料， 影响了物料反应后尾产物的质量。 另外 更为严重的是在物料被搅拌的同时， 填堵在该段留有的空间内的物料会逐渐被 压实， 当打开开闭机构的球阀时该部分被压实的物料无法排除， 导致卸料困难， 难以维持正常生产。 鉴于上述二点的不足， 废弃物处理装置难以形成生产能力, 需加以改进。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是针对现有技术不足之处而提供一种结构更为合理、 搅拌能 令废弃物更为充分地与高温高压蒸汽相混合反应、 卸料无障碍、 生产效率高的 带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置。
本发明的目的是通过以下措施来实现： 一种带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处 理装置， 包括密闭容器、 进料投入单元、 蒸汽喷出单元、 具有一个通过轴承支 承在密闭容器中央部位的旋 轴的搅拌单元、 和具有废料排出口、 幵闭球阀的 出料单元， 其特征在于， 所述搅拌单元还有支承板、 外螺环、 桨叶； 所述支承 板以旋转轴位于容器中央位置为中心点左 /右对称依次按 90度相位差等间距地 非对称安装在旋转轴上， 所述非对称安装在旋转轴上的支承板分割成长支承板 及短支承板， 以中心点的支承板为起始点左 /右两侧的长支承板端部与其相应旋 转方向的外螺环相连接， 其左 /右两侧的短支承板与桨叶相连搂， 所述左 /右两侧 短支承板上的左 /右桨叶形成一对间断的螺环， 间断的螺环方向与前述同侧的外 螺环方向相反； 所述出料单元还设有补位板及驱动机构， 所述补位板及驱动机 构由机架体、 气缸及活塞杆、 双连杆、 补位板、 底板、 下导轮及导轨、 侧向导 轮及导板所组成， 所述补位板与废料排出口相吻合， 双连杆分别与补位板、 底 板铰接连接组成平行四边形连杆构件， 底板底部安装有下导轮可沿安装在机架 体两侧的导轨上滑移， 侧向导轮安装在补位板端缘， 导板位于排出口与侧向导 轮相对的一边， 气缸安装在机架体外， 气缸活塞杆与底板铰接连接； 所述机架 体呈三通型， 其直通道入口安装在废料排出口下方与反应釜连接成一体， 所述 补位板驱动机构安装在机架体中间腔体内， 气缸活塞杆位于伸出最大位置时前 述平行四边形连杆构件呈矩形状， 位于矩形状顶部的补位板与废料排出口齐平, 气缸活塞杆位于收縮最小位时， 平行四边形连杆构件呈收缩状让出机架体直通 道， 幵闭球阀安装在机架体直通道出口处。
所述搅拌单元支承板分割成长支承板及短支承板的长度之比为 2: 1。
所述安装在密封容器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板的长支承板、 短支承板 垂直于旋转轴轴心线。
所述安装在密封容器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板左右两侧的支承长板在 其长度 2/3处发生扭转， 扭转面的角度与螺环的升角一致。
所述安装在密封容器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板左右两侧的支承短板与 旋转轴轴心线成 45度角， 其角度方向与桨叶方向一致。
所述补位板及驱动机构的机架体与密闭容器之间安装有均压管路， 所述均 压管路由截止阀、 及与截止阀两端相连接的两侧管路组成， 一侧管路接补位板 及驱动机构的机架体， 另一侧管路接密闭容器。
所述补位板表面具有与废料排出口相同的曲面。
与现有技术相比，由于采用了本发明提出的带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物密闭 容器， 进入密闭容器内的废弃物在外螺环的推动下由密闭容器中心向两端运动， 同时由于安装在短支承板上的桨叶旋向与外螺环相反， 因此中间层的物料在内 桨叶的推动下由密闭容器两端向中心运动， 并同时沿密闭容器径向进行圆周上 / 下翻转， 密闭容器内的全部物料就在轴向和径向圆周上下不停地进行运动、 翻 转， 大大提高了物料的搅拌效率， 避免了常规搅拌机构搅拌时物料运动形式单 一的状况、 搅拌不充分留有死角及物料易堆积的问题。 同时， 由于出料单元增 设的补位板及驱动机构， 密封容器加料及反应时， 补位板及驱动机构的补位板 位于废料排出口位， 补位板表面具有与废料排出口相同的曲面， 故不会有物料 堆积在废料排出口处， 也不会因搅拌而压实， 卸料通畅无阻， 且均压管路保证 密封容器与补位板驱动机构中间腔体相同的压力， 补位板的两面不会有压力差， 补位板的开启与闭合无外加阻力， 同时避免物料在压力差的作用下从补位板的 缝隙中下移。 本发明结构设计合理， 杜绝了废弃物搅拌物料混合的死角， 令废 弃物更为充分地与高温高压蒸汽相混合反应、 卸料排不出的现象， 生产更为通 畅， 生产效率取得了长足的进步。
附图说明：
图 1是本发明提出的一个实施例横截面结构示意图。
图 2是图 1实施例在搅拌装置的运作下物料的运动方向。
图 3是图 1实施例补位板与密封容器废料排出口齐平示意图。
图.4是图 1实施例补位板呈收缩状让出机架体直通道示意图。
图 5是图 1实施例补位板呈收缩状态示意图。
具体实施方式：
下面结合附图对具体实施方式作详细说明：
在图 1 所示本发明的一个实施例中， 一种带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物反应 釜， 其包括： 密闭容器、 进料投入单元、 蒸汽喷出单元、 搅拌单元、 出料单元。 所述搅拌单元具有旋转轴 1， 支承板 2、 外螺环 3、 桨叶 4， 所述支承板 2以旋 转轴位于容器中央位置为中心点左 /右对称依次按 90度相位差等间距地非对称 安装在旋转轴 1上， 所述非对称安装在旋转轴上的支承板分割成长支承板 21及 短支承板 22, 以中心点的支承板的长支承板为起始点左 /右两侧的长支承板 21 端部与其相应旋转方向的外螺环 3相连接， 其左 /右两侧的短支承板 22与桨叶 4 相连接， 所述左 /右两侧短支承板 22上的左 /右桨叶形成一对间断的螺环， 间断 的螺环方向与前述同侧的外螺环方向相反。
本发明进一步采取如下措施： 所述支承板 2分割为长支承板 21及短支承板 22的长度之比为 2: 1。 按这样的比例方式实例中的外螺环翻动、 推移物料层与 桨叶形成的一个间断的螺环反向翻动、 推移物料层大致相仿趋于平衡， 可达到 最佳效果。
所述安装在密封容器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板的长支承板、 短支承板 垂直于旋转轴轴心线， 该结构使得位于反应釜中间部位的物料进行圆周上、 下 翻转。 所述安装在密封容器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板左右两侧的支承长板 在其长度 2/3处发生扭转，扭转面的角度与螺环的升角一致， 以及安装在密封容 器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板左右两侧的支承短板与旋转轴轴心线成 45 度 角， 其角度方向与桨叶方向一致。 采取这种做法使得外螺环及一个间断的螺环 运动阻力小， 便于物料流的翻转、 推移。
本发明搅拌单元的工作过程如下： 在密封容器内装入固态物料进行反应时， 搅拌系统在搅拌动力系统的带动下进行工作旋转， 位于密封容器中部的物料由 外螺环推动由密封容器中心向两侧运动， 由于外螺环与同侧的内桨叶旋向相反， 因此内侧的物料在内桨叶的推动下由密封容器两端向中心运动， 并同时沿密封 容器径向进行圆周上下翻转， 密封容器内部的全部物料就在轴向和径向圆周上 不停地进行运动、 翻转， 物料搅拌效率大大提升， 避免了常规搅拌系统在工作 时物料运动形式单一， 搅拌不充分有死角及物料易堆积的问题。 在物料反应结 束进行出料时， 搅拌系统向相反方向进行旋转， 物料在外螺环推动下由密封容 器两端向中间运动， 在经过密封容器中间的出料口时， 物料靠重力自然排出， 由于外螺环为连续环状， 圆周上与密封容器的筒体内径之间留有很小间隙， 因 此可以确保反应后的物料被连续地全部推到釜体的出料口排出， 不会残存物料。
本发明的搅拌单元由于具有使密封容器内部的全部物料进行交叉运动及同 时进行翻转搅拌， 而且作为外螺环、 内桨叶的支承板为板状结构， 在反应搅拌 时参与对物料进行翻转搅拌， 使得釜内物料能够充分参与反应。 同时避免了单 片搅拌叶结构中物料搅拌不够的现象。
图 3〜图 5给出了出料单元补位板及驱动机构的结构示意图。 图中，所述出 料单元具有废料排出口 5、 补位板 6及驱动机构、 开闭球阀 9。 所述补位板 6及 驱动机构由机架体 71、气缸 72及活塞杆 73、双连杆 74/75、补位板 6、底板 77、 下导轮 78及导轨 79、侧向导轮 80及导板 81所组成， 所述补位板 6与废料排出 口 5相吻合， 双连杆 74/75分别与补位板 6、 底板 77铰接连接组成平行四边形 连杆构件， 底板 77底部安装有下导轮 78可沿安装在机架体 71两侧的导轨 79 上滑移， 侧向导轮 80安装在补位板 6端缘， 导板 81位于排出口 5与侧向导轮 80相对的一边， 气缸 72安装在机架体 71外， 气缸活塞杆 73与底板 77铰接连 接； 所述机架体 1呈三通型， 其直通道入口安装在废料排出口 5下方与密封容 器连接成一体， 所述补位板 6及驱动机构安装在机架体 71中间腔体内， 气缸活 塞杆 73位于伸出最大位置时所述平行四边形连杆构件呈矩形状， 位于矩形状顶 部的补位板 6与废料排出口 5齐平， 气缸活塞杆 73位于收缩最小位时， 平行四 边形连杆构件呈收缩状让出机架体 71直通道， 开闭球阀 9安装在机架体 71直 通道出口处。 本发明还采取如下措施： 所述补位板 6及驱动机构的机架体 71与 密闭容器之间安装有均压管路 8， 所述均压管路 8由截止阀、及与截止阀两端相 连接的两侧管路组成， 一侧管路接补位板及驱动机构的机架体， 另一侧管路接 密闭容器。 均压管路使得补位板上、 下两面的压力相等， 一方面补位板的开启 与闭合无外加阻力， 另一方面可避免物料在压力差的作用下经过托料板与物料 出料口之间的缝隙进入补位板驱动机构的机架体中间空腔。
本发明的补位板及驱动机构是这样工作的： 在密封容器未进入物料前， 由 双连杆分别与补位板、 底板铰接连接组成平行四边形连杆构件呈收缩状让出机 架体直通道， 当气缸得指令其活塞杆徐徐伸出， 推动底板上的导轮沿导轨滑移， 呈平行四边形连杆构件保持不变， 当呈平行四边形连杆构件的补位板侧导向轮 与导板相触后， 双连杆既作平移又作转动， 补位板不再作平移而是沿导板上升， 直至双连杆为垂直位时补位板与物料排出口齐平， 此时可进料、 搅拌。 密封容 器工作时打开均压管路阀门， 令补位板上、 下两面的压力相等。 密封容器工作 结束时气缸得指令将活塞杆徐徐收回， 底板上的导轮沿导轨滑移， 补位板下降， 随之作水平移动让出机架体直通道， 物料经直通道再经开闭球阀排出反应釜。
上述实施例并不构成对本发明的限制， 凡采用等同替换或等效变换的形式 所获得的技术方案， 均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置， 包括密闭容器、 进料投入单 元、 蒸汽喷出单元、 具有一个通过轴承支承在密闭容器中央部位的旋转轴的搅 拌单元、 和具有废料排出口、 开闭球阀的出料单元， 其特征在于， 所述搅拌单 元还有支承板、 外螺环、 桨叶； 所述支承板以旋转轴位于容器中央位置为中心 点左 /右对称依次按 90度相位差等间距地非对称安装在旋转轴上，所述非对称安 装在旋转轴上的支承板分割成长支承板及短支承板， 以中心点的支承板为起始 点左 /右两侧的长支承板端部与其相应旋转方向的外螺环相连接， 其左 /右两侧的 短支承板与桨叶相连接， 所述左 /右两侧短支承板上的左 /右桨叶形成一对间断的 螺环， 间断的螺环方向与前述同侧的外螺环方向相反； 所述出料单元还设有补 位板及驱动机构， 所述补位板及驱动机构由机架体、 气缸及活塞杆、 双连杆、 补位板、 底板、 下导轮及导轨、 侧向导轮及导板所组成， 所述补位板与废料排 出口相吻合， 双连杆分别与补位板、 底板铰接连接组成平行四边形连杆构件， 底板底部安装有下导轮可沿安装在机架体两侧的导轨上滑移， 侧向导轮安装在 补位板端缘， 导板位于排出口与侧向导轮相对的一边， 气缸安装在机架体外， 气缸活塞杆与底板铰接连接； 所述机架体呈三通型， 其直通道入口安装在废料 排出口下方与反应釜连接成一体， 所述补位板驱动机构安装在机架体中间腔体 内， 气缸活塞杆位于伸出最大位置时前述平行四边形连杆构件呈矩形状， 位于 矩形状顶部的补位板与废料排出口齐平， 气缸活塞杆位于收縮最小位时， 平行 四边形连杆构件呈收縮状让出机架体直通道， 开闭球阀安装在机架体直通道出 口处。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置， 其特 征在于， 所述搅拌单元支承板分割成长支承板及短支承板的长度之比为 2: 1。
3.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置， 其特 征在于， 所述安装在密封容器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板的长支承板、 短支 承板垂直于旋转轴轴心线。
4.裉据权利要求 1或 2所述的带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置， 其特 征在于， 所述安装在密封容器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板左右两侧的支承长 板在其长度 2/3处发生扭转， 扭转面的角度与螺环的升角一致。
5.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置， 其特 征在于， 所述安装在密封容器中央位置的旋转轴上的支承板左右两侧的支承短 板与旋转轴轴心线成 45度角， 其角度方向与桨叶方向一致。
6.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置， 其特 征在于， 补位板及驱动机构的机架体与密闭容器之间安装有均压管路， 所述均 压管路由截止闽、 及与截止阀两端相连接的两侧管路组成， 一侧管路接补位板 及驱动机构的机架体， 另一侧管路接密闭容器。
7.权利要求 6述的带有三维搅拌机构的废弃物处理装置， 其特征在于， 所 述补位板表面具有与废料排出口相同的曲面。
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CN104230400B (zh) * 2014-09-16 2016-09-14 中国环境科学研究院 一种餐厨废弃物快速资源化处理设备
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