WO2013122068A1 - 光学材料用重合性組成物、その製造方法、及び光学材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
光学材料用重合性組成物、その製造方法、及び光学材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013122068A1 WO2013122068A1 PCT/JP2013/053306 JP2013053306W WO2013122068A1 WO 2013122068 A1 WO2013122068 A1 WO 2013122068A1 JP 2013053306 W JP2013053306 W JP 2013053306W WO 2013122068 A1 WO2013122068 A1 WO 2013122068A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/06—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers
- C08G75/08—Polythioethers from cyclic thioethers from thiiranes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical component such as a plastic lens, a prism, an optical fiber, an information recording base, a filter, and an adhesive, and more particularly to an optical lens such as a plastic lens for spectacles.
- the present invention also provides a preliminary polymerization reaction obtained by subjecting a compound having two sulfur and episulfide groups in a molecule and a compound having one or more SH groups in a molecule to a prepolymerization reaction using a hindered amine having a specific structure as a preliminary polymerization catalyst.
- the present invention relates to an optical material obtained by polymerizing and curing a polymerizable composition containing a reaction solution and a polymerization catalyst, having excellent releasability and substantially no striae, and a method for producing the same. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for producing a highly productive composition for low-viscosity optical materials, and optical materials (resin materials for optical use) such as plastic lenses, prisms, optical fibers, information recording bases, and filters using the same. About.
- plastic materials have been widely used in various optical materials, particularly eyeglass lenses, because they are light and tough and easy to dye.
- the main performance required for optical materials, especially spectacle lenses, is low specific gravity, high transparency and low yellowness, high refractive index and high Abbe number as optical properties, etc.
- high refractive index and high Abbe number In order to achieve this, a polymerizable composition for an optical material in which an inorganic compound having a sulfur atom and / or a selenium atom is blended with a polyepisulfide compound has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1).
- Optical materials obtained by polymerizing and curing these compositions have achieved a high refractive index, but many inorganic compounds having sulfur atoms and / or selenium atoms are solid at room temperature and have low solubility. In such a case, there is a problem that precipitation occurs or dissolution becomes incomplete when the concentration of the compound is high.
- Patent Document 3 A compound having one SH group (see Patent Document 3), a compound having one or more NH groups and / or NH 2 groups (see Patent Document 4), or one disulfide bond in order to reduce the viscosity during the polymerization reaction It has been proposed to add a compound having the above (see Patent Document 5).
- the prepolymerization reaction of the above-mentioned reference is usually carried out at 50 ° C. to 70 ° C., it is necessary to cool the composition to about room temperature, which is the polymerization start temperature after mold injection, and after completion of the prepolymerization reaction, In order to increase the reaction scale, the time required for cooling becomes long or changes every time unless the cooling device is enlarged or the cooling coil is introduced into the reaction device. ing. For this reason, the manufacturing method of the polymeric composition for optical materials which can perform a prepolymerization reaction at the reaction temperature close
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 although an optical material having a high refractive index can be obtained, there are cases in which the releasability when demolding from the mold after polymerization and curing is poor.
- the shape of the optical material is complicated, and in particular, in the case of an optical lens, the smaller the radius of curvature of the lens, the more the release property tends to deteriorate. It was extremely difficult to improve the performance. If the releasability is poor, production time may be hindered due to an increase in working time and chipping of the optical material and / or mold, making the optical material and / or mold unusable.
- the preliminary polymerization reaction of Patent Documents 1 and 2 is usually performed at 50 ° C. to 70 ° C., and it is necessary to cool the composition to about room temperature, which is the polymerization start temperature after mold injection.
- room temperature which is the polymerization start temperature after mold injection.
- the preliminary reaction temperature is high, there is a problem that the viscosity of the polymerizable composition increases due to the progress of side reactions or a significant temperature decrease due to cooling.
- There are problems such as shortening of temperature and generation of striae due to the difference between the temperature after cooling and the initial holding temperature of the polymerization process.
- a production method capable of a prepolymerization reaction at a reaction temperature close to room temperature of a polymerizable composition for an optical material containing a sulfur-containing organic compound such as a polyepisulfide compound and an inorganic compound having a sulfur atom and / or a selenium atom is desired. It was.
- An object of the present invention is to perform prepolymerization when producing a polymerizable composition for an optical material using a compound having two sulfur and episulfide groups in the molecule and a compound having one or more SH groups (preferably two SH groups).
- a compound having two sulfur and episulfide groups in the molecule and a compound having one or more SH groups (preferably two SH groups).
- SH groups preferably two SH groups.
- it is easy to control the end point of the reaction and shorten the time required for cooling by setting the reaction temperature to near room temperature.
- a low-viscosity polymerizable composition for an optical material that can be easily filtered and injected is developed.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a polymerization comprising a pre-reaction solution obtained by pre-polymerizing a compound having two sulfur and episulfide groups in the molecule and a compound having one or more SH groups in the molecule and a polymerization catalyst.
- An object of the present invention is to improve releasability and reduce striae of a high refractive index optical material obtained by polymerizing and curing a functional composition.
- the striae here is a part in which the material component having a refractive index different from that of the base material in the optical material is formed in a cotton-like or layered shape, and is caused by convection of the polymerizable composition due to polymerization heat generated during polymerization curing.
- an object of the present invention is to produce no striae when producing a polymerizable composition for an optical material using a compound having sulfur, an episulfide group in the molecule and a compound having an SH group in the molecule.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a polymerizable composition for an optical material with good productivity capable of suppressing an increase in viscosity due to a side reaction of a preliminary polymerization reaction or excessive reaction progress.
- the present invention ⁇ 1> 10-50 parts by mass of the following (a) compound and 1-20 parts by mass of the following (c) compound are present in the presence of 50-90 parts by mass of the following (b) compound (provided that (a) compound and (b) compound: And (d) 0.001 to 10 parts by mass of the following compound (preferably the upper limit is 5 parts by mass or less, more preferably the upper limit is 3 parts by mass or less) as a prepolymerization catalyst.
- It is a polymerizable composition for an optical material containing a preliminary reaction liquid obtained by reaction and a polymerization catalyst.
- R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- X is an organic group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms having any of a vinyl group, a vinylidene group or a vinylene group
- A Sulfur ((a) compound)
- B Compound having two episulfide groups represented by the following formula (1) in the molecule (compound (b)) (Here, m represents an integer of 0 to 4, and n represents an integer of 0 to 1.)
- C Compound having one or more (preferably two) SH groups ((c) compound)
- D A compound represented by the following formula (2) (compound (d)).
- the polymerizable composition for an optical material produced by the production method according to the above ⁇ 7> is polymerized at an initial polymerization temperature T3 (where T3 is T2-10 ° C. to T2 + 10 ° C. and 0-40 ° C. And a method of producing an optical material characterized by being polymerized.
- T3 is T2-10 ° C. to T2 + 10 ° C. and 0-40 ° C.
- the present invention in a prepolymerization reaction in producing a polymerizable composition for an optical material using a compound having two sulfur and episulfide groups in the molecule and a compound having one or more SH groups (preferably two).
- the rate of increase in viscosity during the reaction was reduced, and the control of the reaction end point was facilitated.
- the time required for cooling can be shortened by setting the reaction temperature to around room temperature.
- the low-viscosity polymerizable composition for optical materials according to the present invention facilitates filtration and injection operations, thereby improving the productivity of optical materials.
- the mold in an optical material obtained by polymerizing and curing a pre-reaction solution obtained by pre-polymerizing a compound having two sulfur and episulfide groups in the molecule and a compound having one or more SH groups and a polymerization catalyst,
- the mold can be easily removed from the mold. Compared with conventional manufacturing methods, particularly when manufacturing optical lenses, optical lenses that are virtually free of striae even at high altitudes can be produced at a higher yield rate, improving the productivity of optical materials. It became possible.
- the temperature of the composition does not become 50 ° C. or higher in the production process as in the conventional method. For this reason, side reactions are suppressed, and an increase in the viscosity of the polymerizable composition is suppressed, and productivity can be improved.
- the low-viscosity polymerizable composition for an optical material that is the object of the present invention is a viscosity that can be easily filtered and injected into a mold to improve productivity, and preferably has a viscosity of 150 mPa ⁇ s or less at 20 ° C., More preferably, the viscosity at 20 ° C. is 100 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the purity of the sulfur (a) compound used in the present invention is 98% or more. If it is less than 98%, the phenomenon that the spider is generated in the optical material due to the influence of impurities tends to occur, but if the purity is 98% or more, the phenomenon that the spider is generated is eliminated.
- the purity of sulfur is preferably 99.0% or more, more preferably 99.5% or more, and further preferably 99.9% or more.
- Generally available sulfur includes finely divided sulfur, colloidal sulfur, precipitated sulfur, crystalline sulfur, sublimated sulfur, etc. depending on the shape and purification method. In the present invention, any sulfur having a purity of 98% or more can be used. But it doesn't matter.
- the addition amount of the compound is finely divided finely divided sulfur that is easily dissolved during the production of the polymerizable composition for an optical material.
- the higher the sulfur atom content in the optical material polymerizable composition the higher the refractive index of the optical material can be obtained. If the addition amount is too large, the composition may remain undissolved. Since the viscosity of the composition is remarkably increased, when the total mass of the compounds (a) and (b) is 100 parts by mass, 10 to 50 parts by mass is used, preferably 10 to 45 parts by mass, more preferably 15 to 40 parts by mass, even more preferably 15 to 35 parts by mass, and most preferably 15 to 30 parts by mass.
- the amount of the compound (b) used in the present invention is 50 to 90 parts by mass, preferably 55 to 90 parts by mass, when the total of the compounds (a) and (b) is 100 parts by mass.
- the amount is preferably 60 to 85 parts by mass, and most preferably 70 to 85 parts by mass.
- the compound (b) include bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide, bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) disulfide, bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropylthio) methane, 1,2-bis ( ⁇ -epi It is an episulfide compound having two episulfide groups in the molecule, such as thiopropylthio) ethane, 1,3-bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropylthio) propane, 1,4-bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropylthio) butane. .
- the compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- preferred specific examples are bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide (formula (3)) and / or bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) disulfide (formula (4)), and the most preferred specific example is bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide.
- bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide.
- the compound (c) used in the present invention is a compound having one or more SH groups, a mercaptan derivative, a thiophenol derivative, and a mercaptan derivative having an unsaturated group such as vinyl, aromatic vinyl, methacryl, acryl, or allyl. And thiophenol derivatives.
- examples of the mercaptan derivative include methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, n-propyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, allyl mercaptan, n-hexyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, n-decyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, n-tetradecyl mercaptan, n-hexadecyl mercaptan, n-octadecyl mercaptan, cyclohexyl mercaptan, isopropyl mercaptan, tert-butyl mercaptan, tert-nonyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl mercaptan, benzyl mercaptan, 4-chlorobenzyl mercaptan
- the thiophenol derivatives include thiophenol, 4-ter-butylthiophenol, 2-methylthiophenol, 3-methylthiophenol, 4-methylthiophenol, 1,2-dimercaptobenzene, 1,3-dimercaptobenzene, 1, Mention may be made of thiophenol derivatives such as 4-dimercaptobenzene.
- thiophenol derivatives such as 4-dimercaptobenzene.
- mercaptan derivatives and thiophenol derivatives having an unsaturated group are specifically shown below. Examples of mercaptan derivatives having an unsaturated group include allyl mercaptan, 2-vinylbenzyl mercaptan, 3-vinylbenzyl mercaptan, 4-vinylbenzyl mercaptan and the like.
- Examples of the thiophenol derivative having an unsaturated group include thiol compounds mainly composed of one or more selected from the group consisting of 2-vinylthiophenol, 3-vinylthiophenol, 4-vinylthiophenol, and the like. However, it is not limited to these exemplary compounds.
- the number of SH groups is one, the rate of increase in viscosity during the prepolymerization reaction decreases, but the Tg, heat resistance, and refractive index of the obtained optical material tend to decrease.
- preferred specific examples include methanedithiol, 1,2-dimercaptoethane, 1,2-dimercaptopropane, 1,3-dimercaptopropane, 2,2-dimercaptopropane, bis (mercaptomethyl) ether, Bis (mercaptomethyl) sulfide, bis (2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide, bis (2-mercaptoethyl) disulfide, 2,5-bis (mercaptomethyl) -1,4-dithiane, 2,5-bis (2-mercapto) Ethyl) -1,4-dithiane, 2,5-bis (mercaptomethyl) thiophene, 1,2-dimercaptobenzene, 1,3-dimercaptobenzene, 1,4-dimercaptobenzene, 1,3-bis ( Mercaptomethyl) benzene, 1,4-bis (mercaptomethyl) benzene, bis (4-mercapto Eni
- the amount of the compound (c) used in the present invention is 1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 2 to 18 parts by mass, when the total of the compounds (a) and (b) is 100 parts by mass.
- the amount is preferably 3 to 15 parts by mass, particularly preferably 4 to 12 parts by mass, and most preferably 5 to 10 parts by mass.
- C When the ratio of a compound is smaller than the said range, the preliminary reaction liquid viscosity at the time of prepolymerization reaction may rise rapidly. On the other hand, when the amount is larger than the above range, problems such as lowering of Tg and heat resistance of the obtained optical material occur.
- the compound (d) used in the present invention includes all the compounds represented by the above formula (2), but is obtained after polymerization and curing with a compatibility with other composition components and a polymerizable composition for optical materials.
- a low molecular weight compound is preferable so as not to lower the refractive index of the cured product, and specifically, a compound in which X in the formula (2) is the following structural formula (5).
- these compounds preferably 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl methacrylate (the following structural formula (6)), 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl acrylate (The following structural formula (7)) and / or 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl-4-vinylbenzoate (the following structural formula (8)).
- 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl methacrylate is easy.
- the amount of the compound (d) added is preferably 0.001 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.002 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the compounds (a) and (b). Particularly preferred is 0.003 to 1 part by mass.
- the addition amount of the compound (d) is preferably 0.001 to 3 parts by mass, more preferably 0.002 with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the compounds (a) and (b). ⁇ 1 part by mass, particularly preferably 0.003 to 0.5 part by mass.
- 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl methacrylate 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl acrylate 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl-4-vinylbenzoate
- the present invention is characterized in that (a) a compound sulfur and (c) a compound having one or more (preferably two) SH groups are prepolymerized in the presence of the compound (b). .
- the reaction between sulfur and thiol is usually accelerated by heating in the presence or absence of a basic compound, but this is preferable because the reaction time can be greatly shortened by a method using a basic compound.
- the basic compound preferably acts as a polymerization catalyst for the episulfide compound
- a normal basic compound is used as the catalyst for the prepolymerization reaction in the presence of the compound (a) and the compound (c)
- the viscosity of the pre-reacted product (prepolymer) and / or the polymerizable composition comprising the pre-reacted product (prepolymer) is increased, the speed of increasing the viscosity is high, and the pot life is shortened.
- the compound (d) which is a specific basic compound (preferably the upper limit is 5 parts by mass or less, and more preferably the upper limit is 3 parts by mass or less).
- the compound (d) As a prepolymerization reaction, the compound (d) is highly selective as a polymerization catalyst for episulfide compounds due to steric hindrance due to substituents at both ends of the amino group. It was found that a prepolymerization reaction with the compound was possible. Furthermore, when the compound (d) was used as a prepolymerization catalyst, it was found that a prereacted product (prepolymer) without precipitation of sulfur as the compound (a) was obtained even at a reaction temperature near room temperature.
- a specific method of performing the prepolymerization reaction with a prepolymerization catalyst of not more than 3 parts by mass, more preferably the upper limit is 3 parts by mass or less) is to convert the compounds (a), (b), (c) and (d) from 0 ° C to 45
- the mixture is stirred and mixed at 5 ° C, preferably 5 ° C to 40 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 40 ° C.
- all the components may be mixed in the same container under stirring at the same time, or may be added and mixed stepwise, or several components may be mixed separately and then remixed in the same container.
- the reaction may be carried out in the presence of a gas such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, etc., in any atmosphere such as sealed under normal pressure or increased or reduced pressure, or under reduced pressure, but the color tone, heat resistance, In order to maintain physical properties such as light resistance, it is preferable to reduce the partial pressure of oxidizing gas such as oxygen as much as possible.
- liquid chromatography and / or measuring the viscosity and / or specific gravity and / or refractive index and / or the amount of gas generated can be determined by detecting the degree of reaction progress and controlling the reaction. It is preferable when manufacturing an optical material.
- the stopping point of the prepolymerization reaction is appropriately set in consideration of the reprecipitation and viscosity of the compound (a) in the prereacted product (prepolymer) to be obtained, but 50% or more of the compound (a) is reacted. It is preferable to make it.
- a well-known polymerization catalyst and / or a polymerization regulator can be separately added as needed for polymerization hardening.
- Polymerization catalysts include amines, phosphines, quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, condensates of aldehydes and amine compounds, salts of carboxylic acids and ammonia, urethanes, thiourethanes, guanidines, Thioureas, thiazoles, sulfenamides, thiurams, dithiocarbamates, xanthates, tertiary sulfonium salts, secondary iodonium salts, mineral acids, Lewis acids, organic acids, silicic acids, tetrafluoride Examples thereof include boric acids, peroxides, azo compounds, and acidic phosphate esters.
- polymerization catalysts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- preferred specific examples include tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, triethylbenzylammonium chloride, cetyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, quaternary ammonium salts such as 1-n-dodecylpyridinium chloride, tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide, Quaternary phosphonium salts such as tetraphenylphosphonium bromide can be mentioned.
- more preferred specific examples are triethylbenzylammonium chloride and / or tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide.
- Examples of the polymerization regulator include halides of Group 13 to 16 elements in the long-term periodic table. These polymerization regulators may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, preferred are halides of silicon, germanium, tin and antimony. More preferred are chlorides of silicon, germanium, tin and antimony, and further preferred are chlorides of germanium, tin and antimony having an alkyl group.
- dibutyltin dichloride butyltin trichloride
- dioctyltin dichloride octyltin trichloride
- dibutyldichlorogermanium butyltrichlorogermanium
- diphenyldichlorogermanium phenyltrichlorogermanium
- triphenylantimony dichloride is particularly preferred.
- the deaeration treatment includes a reaction product obtained by prepolymerizing (a) compound, (b) compound, (c) compound and (d) compound, a compound capable of reacting with some or all of the composition components, It is carried out under reduced pressure before, during or after mixing of the additive, polymerization catalyst, polymerization regulator and the like. Preferably, it is performed under reduced pressure during or after mixing.
- the degassing treatment is performed at 0 ° C. to 45 ° C.
- the degree of decompression is preferably 0.005 to 50 torr, more preferably 0.01 to 30 torr, and the degree of decompression may be varied within these ranges.
- the deaeration time is preferably 5 minutes to 8 hours, more preferably 10 minutes to 4 hours.
- the temperature at the time of deaeration is preferably 5 ° C. to 40 ° C., more preferably 10 ° C. to 40 ° C., and the temperature may be varied within these ranges.
- the deaeration treatment renewing the interface of the polymerizable composition for an optical material by stirring, blowing of gas, vibration by ultrasonic waves, or the like is a preferable operation for enhancing the deaeration effect.
- the components removed by the degassing treatment are mainly dissolved gases such as hydrogen sulfide and low-boiling substances such as low molecular weight mercaptans, but the types are particularly limited as long as the effects of the degassing treatment are expressed. Not.
- various additives such as known antioxidants, bluing agents, ultraviolet absorbers, deodorants and the like are added to the polymerizable composition for optical materials, and the practicality of the resulting material is obtained.
- a known external and / or internal adhesion improver is added, or when it is difficult to peel off from the mold, a known external and / or internal mold release is added. It is also effective to add a property improver to improve the adhesiveness or releasability between the resulting optical material and the mold.
- the manufacturing method of the optical material is as follows in detail.
- (A) Compound, (b) compound, (c) Compound and (d) Prepolymerization reaction composition obtained by prepolymerization reaction and a part or all of the components of this prepolymerization reaction composition can react Mix various compounds.
- various additives such as an adhesion improver or a releasability improver, an antioxidant, a bluing agent, an ultraviolet absorber, and a deodorant may be appropriately added.
- the set temperature, the time required for this, etc. basically need only be the conditions that each component is sufficiently mixed, but the excessive temperature, time is an undesirable reaction between each raw material and additive, Furthermore, the viscosity is increased, making the casting operation difficult, and so on.
- the mixing temperature should be in the range of about 5 ° C to 40 ° C, and the preferred temperature range is 10 ° C to 40 ° C.
- the mixing time is 1 minute to 12 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 8 hours, and most preferably about 5 minutes to 4 hours. If necessary, the active energy ray may be blocked and mixed. Then, it is preferable to perform a deaeration process by the above-mentioned method. Immediately before the casting operation, it is necessary to purify these polymerizable compositions for optical materials by filtering impurities and the like in order to further improve the quality of the optical material of the present invention.
- the pore size of the filter used here is about 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m, and generally 0.1 to 5.0 ⁇ m is used, and PTFE, PET, PP, etc. are preferably used as the filter material.
- the thus obtained polymerizable composition for an optical material is injected into a glass or metal mold and then polymerized and cured by an electric furnace, an active energy ray generator, or the like, with a polymerization time of 0.1 to 100.
- the time is usually 1 to 48 hours
- the polymerization temperature is ⁇ 10 to 160 ° C., usually 0 to 140 ° C.
- the polymerization initiation temperature is generally 0 to 40 ° C.
- the polymerization can be carried out by holding at a predetermined polymerization temperature for a predetermined time, raising the temperature from 0.1 ° C. to 100 ° C./h, lowering the temperature from 0.1 ° C. to 100 ° C./h, and combinations thereof.
- annealing the material at a temperature of 40 to 150 ° C. for about 5 minutes to 5 hours is a preferable treatment for removing distortion of the optical material.
- surface treatments such as dyeing, hard coating, antireflection, antifogging, antifouling and impact resistance can be performed as necessary.
- the specific method for prepolymerizing the compound (a) and the compound (c) in the presence of the compound (b) is preferably the compound (a), (b) and (c), preferably (d ) Add the compound and stir and mix at 0 ° C to 45 ° C, preferably 5 ° C to 40 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 40 ° C.
- the addition method (a) and (b) is carried out while controlling the temperature of the compound to the reaction temperature, and even if the compounds (c) and (d) are added after mixing, the compounds (a) and (b) (C) Even if a part of the compound is mixed while controlling the temperature to the reaction temperature, and the remainder of the compound (c) and the compound (d) are added after mixing, the compounds (a), (b) and (c) are added.
- the compound (d) may be added after mixing while controlling the reaction temperature.
- the reaction may be carried out in the presence of a gas such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, etc., in any atmosphere such as sealed under normal pressure or increased or reduced pressure, or under reduced pressure, but the color tone, heat resistance, In order to maintain physical properties such as light resistance, it is preferable to reduce the partial pressure of oxidizing gas such as oxygen as much as possible.
- a gas such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, etc.
- any atmosphere such as sealed under normal pressure or increased or reduced pressure, or under reduced pressure, but the color tone, heat resistance
- oxidizing gas such as oxygen
- liquid chromatography and / or measuring the viscosity and / or specific gravity and / or refractive index and / or the amount of gas generated can be determined by detecting the degree of reaction progress and controlling the reaction. It is preferable when manufacturing an optical material.
- the stopping point of the prepolymerization reaction is appropriately set in consideration of the reprecipitation and viscosity of the compound (a) in the prereacted product (prepolymer) to be obtained, but 50% or more of the compound (a) is reacted. It is preferable to make it.
- the prepolymerization reaction time can be controlled by the amount of the compound (d) added and the reaction temperature. However, if the reaction time is too short, it is difficult to control the stopping point, and if it is too long, the productivity will be poor, and therefore, from 10 minutes. 5 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 3 hours, more preferably 10 minutes to 2 hours.
- Controlling the temperature of the casting liquid before pouring the polymerizable composition for optical materials into the mold is important for improving workability. It is not desirable to greatly change the temperature from the pre-reaction temperature due to the effect of viscosity increase due to reaction progress or temperature decrease, preferably from + 10 ° C. to ⁇ 15 ° C., more preferably from + 10 ° C. to ⁇ 10 ° C. from the pre-reaction temperature. It is preferably + 5 ° C. to ⁇ 10 ° C., particularly preferably + 5 ° C. to ⁇ 5 ° C. In addition, it is effective to obtain a good optical material by keeping the casting solution temperature close to the initial polymerization temperature.
- This temperature control has the effect of preventing striae due to convection due to the difference between the casting liquid temperature and the temperature of the polymerization furnace.
- This striae prevention effect is maximized when the composition temperature is equal to the furnace temperature, but when the casting liquid temperature is too low, problems such as condensation and (a) compound precipitation cause the casting liquid temperature to be too high.
- the casting liquid temperature is preferably + 10 ° C. to ⁇ 10 ° C., more preferably + 5 ° C. to ⁇ 5 ° C. with respect to the initial polymerization temperature. And 0 ° C. to 45 ° C., preferably 10 ° C. to 40 ° C., more preferably 15 ° C. to 35 ° C.
- the striae of the optical material obtained in the present invention is a portion in which the material component having a refractive index different from that of the base material in the optical material is formed in a cotton-like or layered form, and the polymerizability due to polymerization heat generation during polymerization curing It is caused by minute density in the optical material due to the convection of the composition, non-uniform progression of the polymerization reaction, or the like.
- it is transmitted through the optical material (optical lens) from which the mercury lamp light source is manufactured, and the transmitted light is projected onto a white plate, and the appearance striae level is evaluated according to the following criteria.
- the striae is 1st grade, and if the striae of visible limit are confirmed by thin and dispersed striae, the striae is 2nd grade, and the striae is 2nd grade or higher.
- it is classified as striae class 3, and 90% or more and less than 95% of the manufactured optical material is preferably striae class 1 and striae class 3 is less than 5%.
- 90% or more and less than 95% is more preferably free of striae 1 and striae 3 optical materials, and 95% or more of the manufactured optical material is free of striae 1 and striae 3 optical materials. Further preferred.
- TMA measurement (manufactured by Seiko Instruments, TMA / SS6100) is performed, and the softening point temperature (Tg) was measured.
- TMA measurement manufactured by Seiko Instruments, TMA / SS6100
- Tg softening point temperature
- the refractive index and Abbe number of the optical material were measured using a digital precision refractometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, KPR-200). The refractive index (ne) at the e-line at 25 ° C. and the Abbe number at the d-line ( ⁇ d ) was measured.
- the mercury lamp light source was transmitted through the optical material (optical lens), the transmitted light was projected onto a white plate, and the appearance striae level was evaluated according to the following criteria. If no striae are confirmed by visual inspection, the striae is grade 1; if striations that are visible in the thin and dispersed striae are confirmed, striae 2 is confirmed; In the case of struggle, it was classified as third grade.
- 100 optical lenses were prepared and evaluated according to the following five levels. A: There are 95 or more striae class 1 optical lenses out of 100, and there are no striae class 3 optical lenses.
- B The number of striae class 1 optical lenses is 90 or more and less than 95 out of 100, and there is no striae class 3 optical lens.
- C The number of striae class 1 optical lenses is 90 or more and less than 95 out of 100 sheets, and the number of striae class 3 optical lenses is less than 5.
- D The number of striae class 1 optical lenses is 80 or more and less than 90 out of 100 sheets, and the number of striae class 3 optical lenses is 5 or more and less than 10.
- E 10 or more striae grade 3 optical lenses out of 100.
- the mold release workability is extremely poor and requires a long time.
- X The mold cannot be released at all, or the optical lens and / or the glass mold is damaged.
- [Color tone of optical material (YI value)] The YI value of a circular flat plate of a polymerization cured product having a thickness of 2.5 mm and ⁇ 60 mm was measured using a spectrocolorimeter (manufactured by Color Techno System Co., Ltd., JS555).
- Example 1 (Preliminary polymerization reaction method and production method of polymerizable composition)
- A Sulfur a-116.0 parts by mass as compound,
- b-1 compound bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide (hereinafter referred to as b-1 compound) as compound
- c Bis as compound (2-Mercaptoethyl) sulfide (hereinafter referred to as “c-1 compound”) in 8.6 parts by mass as
- d compound as 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl-4-methacrylate (hereinafter referred to as “d-”) 0.020 parts by mass) (referred to as one compound) was added, and a prepolymerization reaction was performed at 30 ° C.
- the preliminary reaction solution 0.5 hours after the start of the reaction was transparent and yellow, and a solid solution such as sulfur was not observed. Furthermore, cooling was performed for 0.1 hour until the preliminary reaction liquid reached 20 ° C. The pre-reaction liquid after cooling was yellow and transparent, no precipitation of solids such as sulfur was observed, and the viscosity at 20 ° C. was 30 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 2 (Preliminary polymerization reaction method and production method of polymerizable composition)
- A 16.0 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.0 parts by mass of bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide as a compound (b-1), bis (2-mercaptoethyl) as a compound (c-1) ) 0.020 parts by mass of 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl-4-methacrylate (d-1) compound was added to 7.8 parts by mass of sulfide,
- the prepolymerization reaction was performed at 0 ° C.
- the preliminary reaction solution 0.5 hours after the start of the reaction was transparent and yellow, and a solid solution such as sulfur was not observed.
- the obtained polymerizable composition had a viscosity of 33 mPa ⁇ s, and the viscosity after being held at 20 ° C. for 3 hours was 38 mPa ⁇ s.
- Table 1 The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that each compound and amount shown in Table 1 were changed.
- Table 1 shows the results of the viscosity, the releasability, striae, heat resistance (Tg), YI value, refractive index, and Abbe number of the obtained polymerizable composition.
- Example 7 The same procedure as in Example 2 was performed except that each compound and amount shown in Table 1 were changed.
- Table 1 shows the results of the viscosity, the releasability, striae, heat resistance (Tg), YI value, refractive index, and Abbe number of the obtained polymerizable composition.
- Example 11 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.5 parts by mass of b-1 compound as (b) compound, 8.6 parts by mass of c-1 compound as (c) compound, d- 0.016 part by mass of one compound was added and reacted at 30 ° C. for 1.0 hour under normal pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. To the obtained reaction solution, 0.9 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride are added, and the temperature during casting is degassed at 10 Torr. The composition was cooled to 25 ° C. to obtain a polymerizable composition for optical material having no turbidity.
- Example 12 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.5 parts by mass of b-1 compound as compound (b), 8.6 parts by mass of c-1 compound, and 0.005 of d-1 compound as (d) compound Mass parts were added and reacted at 40 ° C. for 1.5 hours under normal pressure of nitrogen atmosphere. To the obtained reaction solution, 0.9 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride are added, and the temperature during casting is degassed at 10 Torr. It cooled to 30 degreeC and the polymerizable composition for optical materials without a turbidity was obtained.
- Example 13 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.5 parts by mass of b-1 compound as compound (b), 8.6 parts by mass of c-1 compound, 1, 2, 2, 6 as compound (d) , 6-Pentamethylpiperidyl acrylate (hereinafter referred to as d-2 compound) 0.016 parts by mass was added and reacted at 25 ° C. for 1.5 hours under normal pressure of nitrogen atmosphere. To the obtained reaction solution, 0.9 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride are added, and the temperature during casting is degassed at 10 Torr.
- a polymerizable composition for an optical material that was kept at 25 ° C. and had no turbidity was obtained.
- the viscosity at 25 ° C. which is the casting temperature of the obtained composition, was 42 mPa ⁇ s, and the viscosity after holding at the casting temperature for 3 hours was 85 mPa ⁇ s.
- an optical lens was obtained by the method described in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 14 (A) 10.0 parts by mass of sulfur as the compound, (b) 90.0 parts by mass of bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) disulfide (hereinafter referred to as b-2 compound) as the compound, (c) c-1 as the compound Compound 5.0 parts by mass and d-1 compound 0.1 parts by mass were added and reacted at 5 ° C. for 1.2 hours under normal pressure of nitrogen atmosphere. To the obtained reaction solution, 0.9 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride are added, and the temperature during casting is degassed at 10 Torr.
- b-2 compound bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) disulfide
- Example 15 (A) 20.0 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 80.0 parts by mass of b-1 compound as compound (b), 10.0 parts by mass of c-1 compound, and 0.016 of d-1 compound as compound (d) Mass parts were added and reacted for 1.5 hours at 30 ° C. under normal pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. The obtained reaction solution was mixed with 0.9 parts by mass of c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, triethylbenzyl. 0.16 parts by mass of ammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was cooled to 20 ° C., which was the casting temperature, while being deaerated at 10 Torr, to obtain a polymerizable composition for optical material without turbidity.
- Example 16 (A) 30.0 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 70.0 parts by mass of b-1 compound as compound (b), 15.0 parts by mass of c-1 compound, and 0.033 of d-1 compound as (d) compound Mass parts were added and reacted at 30 ° C. for 1.0 hour under normal pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. To the obtained reaction solution, 0.9 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride are added, and the temperature during casting is degassed at 10 Torr. The composition was cooled to 25 ° C. to obtain a polymerizable composition for optical material having no turbidity.
- Comparative Example 1 (Preliminary polymerization reaction method and production method of polymerizable composition) (1) 16.0 parts by mass of the compound sulfur and 84.0 parts by mass of the bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide (b-1) compound were mixed well at 60 ° C. to obtain a homogeneous solution. Next, 0.50 part by mass of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole (referred to as MMI) was added as a prepolymerization catalyst, and a prepolymerization reaction was performed at 60 ° C. The obtained preliminary reaction liquid was cooled to 20 ° C. The pre-reaction solution after cooling was yellow and transparent, no precipitation of solids such as sulfur was observed, and the viscosity at 20 ° C.
- MMI 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole
- Comparative Example 2 (Preliminary polymerization reaction method and production method of polymerizable composition)
- A 16.0 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.0 parts by mass of (b-1) bis ( ⁇ -epithiopropyl) sulfide as a compound, and bis (2-mercaptoethyl) as a compound (c-1) ) 7.8 parts by mass of sulfide was mixed well at 60 ° C. to obtain a uniform solution.
- 0.50 part by mass of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole referred to as MMI
- MMI 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole
- the pre-reaction solution after cooling was yellow and transparent, no precipitation of solids such as sulfur was observed, and the viscosity at 20 ° C. was 50 mPa ⁇ s.
- 0.03 part by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride as a polymerization catalyst and 0.20 part by mass of dibutyltin dichloride as a polymerization regulator were added to bis (2-mercaptoethyl) sulfide 0 as a compound (c-1). It was dissolved in advance in 8 parts by mass and added with stirring while degassing at 10 Torr to obtain a polymerizable composition.
- the obtained polymerizable composition had a viscosity of 55 mPa ⁇ s, and the viscosity after being held at 20 ° C. for 3 hours was 115 mPa ⁇ s.
- the results are shown in Table 2.
- the obtained polymerizable composition was filtered through a 1.0 ⁇ m PTFE membrane filter, and a glass mold (design power (S / C) -4.0D / 0.0D), gasket, glass mold (design power (S /C)-12.5D/0.0D) and gasket, and glass mold (design power (S / C) -15.0D / 0.0D) and 3 types of molds composed of gaskets are injected into 100 sets each. did.
- Comparative Example 3 (D) Performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the compound was changed. However, rapid polymerization occurred and no optical material was obtained.
- Comparative Example 4 (D) Performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the compound was changed. However, sulfur remained undissolved and a uniform optical material could not be obtained.
- Comparative Example 5 When making a uniform solution at 60 ° C., the same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was performed except that 0.01 parts by mass of dioctyl acid phosphate was added as an internal release agent. Table 2 shows the results of the viscosity, the releasability of the optical lens, the striae, the heat resistance (Tg), the YI value, the refractive index, and the Abbe number of the resulting polymerizable composition. However, thin turbidity occurred in all the obtained optical lenses.
- Comparative Example 6 The same procedure as in Comparative Example 5 was conducted except that 0.01 mass part of DS-401 (manufactured by Daikin Industries) was used instead of dioctyl acid phosphate as the internal mold release agent. Table 2 shows the results of the viscosity, the releasability of the optical lens, the striae, the heat resistance (Tg), the YI value, the refractive index, and the Abbe number of the resulting polymerizable composition. However, thin turbidity occurred in all the obtained optical lenses.
- DS-401 manufactured by Daikin Industries
- Comparative Example 7 The same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was performed except that YSR-6209 (manufactured by Toshiba Silicon) was applied to the mold as an external mold release agent. However, turbidity occurred in all the obtained optical lenses, and the surface of the optical lenses became rough.
- Comparative Example 8 (D) The same procedure as in Example 1 was conducted except that 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-4-methacrylate (referred to as TMPM) was used instead of the compound. However, rapid polymerization occurred and no optical material was obtained.
- TMPM 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-4-methacrylate
- Comparative Example 10 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as the compound, (b) 84.5 parts by mass of the b-1 compound, 8.6 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, (d) without adding the compound, and under nitrogen atmosphere and normal pressure The reaction was continued at 60 ° C. for 24 hours, but sulfur remained.
- Comparative Example 11 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.5 parts by mass of b-1 compound as compound (b), 8.6 parts by mass of c-1 compound, and 0.016 of d-1 compound as compound (d) Mass parts were added and reacted at 50 ° C. for 1.0 hour under normal pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. To the obtained reaction solution, 0.9 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride are added, and the temperature during casting is degassed at 10 Torr. It cooled to 40 degreeC and the polymerizable composition for optical materials without a turbidity was obtained.
- Comparative Example 12 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.5 parts by mass of b-1 compound as compound (b), 8.6 parts by mass of c-1 compound, 0.2 d-1 compound as compound (d) A mass part was added and reacted at ⁇ 5 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere and normal pressure for 1.0 hour, but sulfur remained.
- Comparative Example 13 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.5 parts by mass of b-1 compound as compound (b), 8.6 parts by mass of c-1 compound, and 0.016 of d-1 compound as compound (d) Mass parts were added and reacted at 45 ° C. for 1.0 hour under normal pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. To the obtained reaction solution, 0.9 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride are added, and the temperature during casting is degassed at 10 Torr. The composition was cooled to 25 ° C. to obtain a polymerizable composition for optical material having no turbidity.
- Comparative Example 14 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as a compound, 84.5 parts by mass of b-1 compound as compound (b), 8.6 parts by mass of c-1 compound, and 0.016 of d-1 compound as compound (d) A part by mass was added, and the mixture was reacted at 25 ° C. for 1.5 hours under normal pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. To the obtained reaction solution, 0.9 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, 0.37 parts by mass of dibutyltin dichloride, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylbenzylammonium chloride are added, and the temperature during casting is degassed at 10 Torr. It heated at 40 degreeC and the polymerizable composition for optical materials without a turbidity was obtained.
- Comparative Example 15 (A) 15.5 parts by mass of sulfur as the compound, (b) 84.5 parts by mass of the b-1 compound as compounds, 8.6 parts by mass of the c-1 compound, and (d) 0.05 parts by mass of MMI as the compound In addition, the reaction was continued for 24 hours at 30 ° C. under normal pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere, but sulfur remained.
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Abstract
Description
これら組成物を重合硬化して得られる光学材料は高屈折率化が達成されているが、硫黄原子および/またはセレン原子を有する無機化合物は常温で固体で溶解性の低いものが多く、組成物とした場合に析出したり、同化合物を高濃度にすると溶解が不完全となったりする問題があった。
しかし、モールドに離型剤を塗布する方法は、きわめて煩雑であり、光学材料表面に外部離型剤による荒れを生じたり、光学材料に濁りを生ずるなどの問題点がある。また、内部離型剤についても、少量の添加でも光学材料に濁りを発生させたり、予備重合反応および/または重合反応速度に影響を及ぼし光学材料に脈理が多量に発生するという問題点があった。これら種々の影響のない離型性の良好でかつ脈理が実質的にない光学材料、およびその製造方法が求められていた。
また、本発明の課題は、硫黄、エピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物およびSH基を分子内に1個以上有する化合物を予備重合反応させて得られる予備反応液と重合触媒とを含む重合性組成物を重合硬化した高屈折率な光学材料の離型性向上および脈理を低減することにある。
ここでいう脈理とは、光学材料中の母体材質と屈折率を異にした材質成分が綿状または層状になっている部分であり、重合硬化中の重合発熱による重合性組成物の対流による光学材料中の微少な疎密や、重合反応の不均一な進行などによって生じる。そのため、光学レンズの場合はマイナス度数が大きくなるほど、光学レンズ外周部の厚みが大きくなり脈理が生じやすくなる場合が多く、-12.5Dを超える光学レンズの脈理を低減することは困難であり、さらに-15.0Dを超える光学レンズの脈理を低減することは極めて困難であった。
更に、本発明の課題は、硫黄、エピスルフィド基を分子内に有する化合物およびSH基を分子中に有する化合物を用いた光学材料用重合性組成物を製造する際に、脈理を発生させずに予備重合反応の副反応や過剰な反応進行による粘度上昇を抑えることが可能な生産性の良い光学材料用重合性組成物の製造方法を提供することにある。
<1> 下記(a)化合物10~50質量部と下記(c)化合物1~20質量部とを下記(b)化合物50~90質量部存在下(ただし、(a)化合物と(b)化合物との合計は100質量部とする)、下記(d)化合物0.001~10質量部(好ましくは上限は5質量部以下、より好ましくは上限は3質量部以下)を予備重合触媒として予備重合反応させて得られる予備反応液と重合触媒とを含有する光学材料用重合性組成物である。
(a)硫黄(以下(a)化合物)
(b)下記(1)式で表されるエピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物(以下(b)化合物)
(c)SH基を1個以上(好ましくは2個)有する化合物(以下(c)化合物)
(d)下記(2)式で表される化合物(以下(d)化合物)。
Xはビニル基、ビニリデン基またはビニレン基のいずれかを有する炭素数2~11の有機基)
<2> 下記(a)化合物10~50質量部と下記(c)化合物1~20質量部とを下記(b)化合物50~90質量部存在下(ただし、(a)化合物と(b)化合物との合計は100質量部とする)、下記(d)化合物0.001~10質量部(好ましくは上限は5質量部以下、より好ましくは上限は3質量部以下)を予備重合触媒として予備重合反応させることにより得た予備反応液に重合触媒を添加する光学材料用重合性組成物の製造方法である。
(a)硫黄((a)化合物)
(b)下記(1)式で表されるエピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物((b)化合物)
(c)SH基を1個以上(好ましくは2個)有する化合物((c)化合物)
(d)下記(2)式で表される化合物((d)化合物)。
Xはビニル基、ビニリデン基またはビニレン基のいずれかを有する炭素数2~11の有機基を表す。)
<3> 前記光学材料用重合性組成物が、前記予備反応液に前記重合触媒と前記(c)化合物を更に添加したものである上記<1>に記載の光学材料用重合性組成物である。
<4> 上記<1>に記載の光学材料用重合性組成物を重合硬化する光学材料の製造方法である。
<5> 上記<4>に記載の製造方法で得られる光学材料である。
<6> 上記<5>に記載の光学材料を含む光学レンズである。
<7> 下記(a)化合物10~50質量部と下記(c)化合物1~20質量部とを下記(b)化合物50~90質量部存在下(ただし、(a)化合物と(b)化合物との合計は100質量部とする)、下記(d)化合物0.001~5質量部を予備重合触媒として反応温度T1(T1は0~45℃)で予備重合反応させることにより予備反応液を得、該予備反応液に重合触媒を加え温度をT2(ただし、T2はT1-15℃~T1+10℃であり、かつ、0~45℃である)とすることを特徴とする光学材料用重合性組成物の製造方法である。
(a)硫黄(以下(a)化合物)
(b)下記(1)式で表されるエピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物(以下(b)化合物)
(c)SH基を1個以上(好ましくは2個)有する化合物(以下(c)化合物)
(d)下記(2)式で表される化合物(以下(d)化合物)。
Xはビニル基、ビニリデン基またはビニレン基のいずれかを有する炭素数2~11の有機基を表す。)
<8> 上記<7>に記載の製造方法で製造された光学材料用重合性組成物を重合初期温度T3(ただし、T3はT2-10℃~T2+10℃であり、かつ、0~40℃である)として重合させることを特徴とする光学材料の製造方法である。
<9> 上記<8>に記載の方法により製造される光学材料である。
また、本発明により、硫黄、エピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物およびSH基を1個以上有する化合物を予備重合反応させて得られる予備反応液と重合触媒とを重合硬化した光学材料において、容易にモールドから脱型が出来るようになった。また、従来の製造法と比較すると、特に、光学レンズを製造する際、高度数においても脈理が実質的にない光学レンズをより高い良品率で生産可能となり、光学材料の生産性を向上させることが可能となった。
更に、本発明により、硫黄、エピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物およびSH基を1個以上(好ましくは2個)有する化合物を用いた光学材料用重合性組成物を製造する際の予備重合反応において、反応温度を室温付近にすることにより製造過程において組成物の温度が従来手法のように50℃以上になることがない。そのため、副反応が抑制され重合性組成物の粘度の上昇が抑制され生産性を向上することが可能となった。
(b)化合物の具体例としては、ビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド、ビス(β-エピチオプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(β-エピチオプロピルチオ)メタン、1,2-ビス(β-エピチオプロピルチオ)エタン、1,3-ビス(β-エピチオプロピルチオ)プロパン、1,4-ビス(β-エピチオプロピルチオ)ブタンなどのエピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有するエピスルフィド化合物である。(a)化合物は単独でも、2種類以上を混合して用いてもかまわない。中でも好ましい具体例は、ビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド(式(3))および/またはビス(β-エピチオプロピル)ジスルフィド(式(4))であり、最も好ましい具体例は、ビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィドである。
本発明で使用する(c)化合物の添加量は、(a)および(b)化合物の合計を100質量部とした場合、1~20質量部使用するが、好ましくは2~18質量部、より好ましくは3~15質量部、特に好ましくは4~12質量部、最も好ましくは5~10質量部である。(c)化合物の割合が上記範囲よりも小さい場合、予備重合反応時の予備反応液粘度が急激に上昇してしまうことがある。一方、上記範囲よりも多い場合には、得られる光学材料のTgや耐熱性が低くなるなどの問題が発生する。
(d)化合物の添加量は、(a)および(b)化合物の合計100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.001~5質量部であり、より好ましくは0.002~3質量部であり、特に好ましくは0.003~1質量部である。
また、ある態様では、(d)化合物の添加量は、(a)および(b)化合物の合計100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.001~3質量部であり、より好ましくは0.002~1質量部であり、特に好ましくは0.003~0.5質量部である。
(a)化合物10~50質量部と(c)化合物1~20質量部とを(b)化合物50~90質量部存在下、(d)化合物0.001~10質量部(好ましくは上限は5質量部以下、より好ましくは上限は3質量部以下)を予備重合触媒として予備重合反応させる具体的な方法は、(a)、(b)、(c)および(d)化合物を0℃~45℃で、好ましくは5℃~40℃、より好ましくは10℃~40℃で撹拌混合する。この際、全ての成分を同一容器内で同時に撹拌下に混合しても、段階的に添加混合しても、数成分を別々に混合後さらに同一容器内で再混合しても良い。
反応は窒素、酸素、水素、硫化水素などの気体の存在下、常圧または加減圧による密閉下または減圧下等の任意の雰囲気下で行ってよいが、得られる光学材料の色調、耐熱性、耐光性等の物性を保持するためには酸素等の酸化性気体分圧を可能な限り低減させることが好ましい。
予備重合反応の際には液体クロマトグラフィーおよび/または粘度および/または比重および/または屈折率および/または発生ガス量を測定する事は、反応進行度を検知し、反応を制御する事により一定の光学材料を製造するうえで好ましい。なお、予備重合反応の停止点は、得られる予備反応物(プレポリマー)における(a)化合物の再析出や粘度などを考慮して適宜設定されるが、(a)化合物の50%以上を反応させることが好ましい。
また、重合硬化のために必要に応じて公知の重合触媒および/または重合調節剤を別途加える事ができる。重合触媒としては、アミン類、ホスフィン類、第4級アンモニウム塩類、第4級ホスホニウム塩類、アルデヒドとアミン系化合物の縮合物、カルボン酸とアンモニアとの塩、ウレタン類、チオウレタン類、グアニジン類、チオ尿素類、チアゾール類、スルフェンアミド類、チウラム類、ジチオカルバミン酸塩類、キサントゲン酸塩、第3級スルホニウム塩類、第2級ヨードニウム塩類、鉱酸類、ルイス酸類、有機酸類、ケイ酸類、四フッ化ホウ酸類、過酸化物、アゾ系化合物、酸性リン酸エステル類を挙げることができる。これら重合触媒は単独でも2種類以上を混合して使用してもかまわない。これらのうち好ましい具体例は、テトラ-n-ブチルアンモニウムブロマイド、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド、セチルジメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド、1-n-ドデシルピリジニウムクロライド等の第4級アンモニウム塩、テトラ-n-ブチルホスホニウムブロマイド、テトラフェニルホスホニウムブロマイド等の第4級ホスホニウム塩が挙げられる。これらの中で、さらに好ましい具体例は、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライドおよび/またはテトラ-n-ブチルホスホニウムブロマイドである。重合調節剤は、長期周期律表における第13~16族元素のハロゲン化物を挙げることができる。これら重合調節剤は、単独でも2種類以上を混合して使用してもかまわない。これらのうち好ましいものはケイ素、ゲルマニウム、スズ、アンチモンのハロゲン化物である。より好ましくはケイ素、ゲルマニウム、スズ、アンチモンの塩化物であり、さらに好ましくはアルキル基を有するゲルマニウム、スズ、アンチモンの塩化物である。最も好ましいものの具体例はジブチルスズジクロライド、ブチルスズトリクロライド、ジオクチルスズジクロライド、オクチルスズトリクロライド、ジブチルジクロロゲルマニウム、ブチルトリクロロゲルマニウム、ジフェニルジクロロゲルマニウム、フェニルトリクロロゲルマニウム、トリフェニルアンチモンジクロライドである。
反応は窒素、酸素、水素、硫化水素などの気体の存在下、常圧または加減圧による密閉下または減圧下等の任意の雰囲気下で行ってよいが、得られる光学材料の色調、耐熱性、耐光性等の物性を保持するためには酸素等の酸化性気体分圧を可能な限り低減させることが好ましい。
予備重合反応の際には液体クロマトグラフィーおよび/または粘度および/または比重および/または屈折率および/または発生ガス量を測定する事は、反応進行度を検知し、反応を制御する事により一定の光学材料を製造するうえで好ましい。なお、予備重合反応の停止点は、得られる予備反応物(プレポリマー)における(a)化合物の再析出や粘度などを考慮して適宜設定されるが、(a)化合物の50%以上を反応させることが好ましい。予備重合反応時間は、(d)化合物の添加量や反応温度によって制御することは可能であるが、反応時間が短すぎると停止点の制御が難しく、長すぎると生産性が悪くなるため10分から5時間、好ましくは10分から3時間、より好ましくは10分から2時間である。
[重合性組成物の粘度]
B型粘度計(東機産業製、TV10M型)を使用し、予備重合液の20℃での粘度を測定した。
[光学材料の耐熱性測定]
光学材料を厚さ3mmに切り出し、0.5mmφのピンに10gの加重を与え、30℃から10℃/分で昇温してTMA測定(セイコーインスツルメンツ製、TMA/SS6100)を行い、軟化点温度(Tg)を測定した。
[光学材料の屈折率、アッベ数]
光学材料の屈折率、アッベ数はデジタル精密屈折率計(株式会社島津製作所製、KPR-200)を用い、25℃でのe線での屈折率(ne)、d線でのアッベ数(νd)を測定した。
[光学材料(光学レンズ)の脈理評価]
水銀灯光源を作製した光学材料(光学レンズ)に透過させ、透過光を白色板に投影し、下記の基準で外観脈理レベルを評価した。目視で脈理が確認されない場合は脈理1級、薄くて分散した脈理で目に見える限界の脈理が確認された場合は脈理2級、脈理2級以上の脈理が確認された場合は脈理3級とした。また、光学レンズは100枚作成し、以下の5段階で評価した。
A:100枚中、脈理1級の光学レンズが95枚以上で、脈理3級の光学レンズがないこと。
B:100枚中、脈理1級の光学レンズが90枚以上95枚未満で、脈理3級の光学レンズがないこと。
C:100枚中、脈理1級の光学レンズが90枚以上95枚未満で、脈理3級の光学レンズが5枚未満。
D:100枚中、脈理1級の光学レンズが80枚以上90枚未満で、脈理3級の光学レンズが5枚以上10枚未満。
E:100枚中、脈理3級の光学レンズが10枚以上。
[光学材料(光学レンズ)の離型性評価]
重合性組成物を重合硬化後、作製した光学材料(光学レンズ)をガラス製モールドから離型する際の、光学レンズおよびモールドの状態および、離型作業性で評価を行い、以下の4段階で示した。
◎:光学レンズをガラス製モールド型から離型する際、光学レンズ及びモールドが破損することなく容易に短時間で離型できる。
○:光学レンズをガラス製モールド型から離型する際、光学レンズ及びモールドが破損することなく離型できる。
△:光学レンズをガラス製モールド型から離型する際、光学レンズ及びモールドが破損することはないが、光学レンズにガラス製モールドの一部分が付着あるいは、ガラス製モールドに光学レンズの一部分が付着し、離型作業性が著しく悪く長時間を要する。
×:全く離型できない、あるいは光学レンズおよび/またはガラス製モールドが破損する。
[光学材料の色調(YI値)]
厚さ2.5mm、φ60mmの重合硬化物の円形平板を分光色彩計(カラーテクノシステム社製、JS555)を用いてYI値を測定した。
(予備重合反応方法、および重合性組成物の製造方法)
(a)化合物である硫黄a-116.0質量部、(b)化合物としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド(以下b-1化合物と呼ぶ)84.0質量部、(c)化合物としてビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド(以下c-1化合物と呼ぶ)8.6質量部に(d)化合物として1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチルピペリジル-4-メタクリレ-ト(以下d-1化合物と呼ぶ)0.020質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、30℃で予備重合反応させた。反応開始から0.5時間後の予備反応液は黄色透明で、硫黄等の固体の析出は見られず均一な溶液であった。さらに、予備反応液が20℃になるまで0.1時間冷却を行った。冷却後の予備反応液は黄色透明で、硫黄等の固体の析出は見られず、20℃での粘度は30mPa・sであった。この得られた予備反応液に、重合触媒としてトリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.10質量部、重合調節剤としてジブチルスズジクロライド0.25質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら撹拌混合して重合性組成物とした。得られた重合性組成物の粘度は30mPa・sであり、20℃で3時間保持後の粘度は35mPa・sであった。結果を表1に示した。
(プラスチックレンズの製造方法)
得られた重合性組成物を1.0μmのPTFE製メンブランフィルターでろ過をし、ガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-4.0D/0.0D)とガスケット、ガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-12.5D/0.0D)とガスケット、およびガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-15.0D/0.0D)とガスケットから構成されるモールド3種類のそれぞれ100セットに注入した。これらモールドをオーブンで20℃から100℃まで、22時間掛けて緩やかに昇温加熱して重合硬化させた後に室温まで冷却して、モールドから離型し光学レンズを得た。その際の離型性、及び光学レンズの脈理、耐熱性(Tg)、YI値、屈折率およびアッベ数の結果を表1に示した。
(予備重合反応方法、および重合性組成物の製造方法)
(a)化合物である硫黄16.0質量部、(b-1)化合物であるビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド84.0質量部、(c-1)化合物であるビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド7.8質量部に(d-1)化合物である1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチルピペリジル-4-メタクリレ-ト0.020質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、30℃で予備重合反応させた。反応開始から0.5時間後の予備反応液は黄色透明で、硫黄等の固体の析出は見られず均一な溶液であった。さらに、10Torrで脱気しながら、予備反応液が20℃になるまで0.1時間冷却を行った。冷却後の予備反応液は黄色透明で、硫黄等の固体の析出は見られず、20℃での粘度は35mPa・sであった。得られた予備反応液に、重合触媒としてトリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.10質量部、重合調節剤としてジブチルスズジクロライド0.25質量部を(c-1)化合物であるビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド0.80質量部に予め溶解させて加え、さらに、10Torrで脱気処理しながら撹拌混合して重合性組成物とした。得られた重合性組成物の粘度は33mPa・sであり、20℃で3時間保持後の粘度は38mPa・sであった。結果を表1に示した。
(プラスチックレンズの製造方法)
得られた重合性組成物を1.0μmのPTFE製メンブランフィルターでろ過をし、ガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-4.0D/0.0D)とガスケット、ガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-12.5D/0.0D)とガスケット、およびガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-15.0D/0.0D)とガスケットから構成されるモールド3種類のそれぞれ100セットに注入した。これらモールドをオーブンで20℃から100℃まで、22時間掛けて緩やかに昇温加熱して重合硬化させた後に室温まで冷却して、モールドから離型し光学レンズを得た。その際の離型性、及び光学レンズの脈理、耐熱性(Tg)、YI値、屈折率およびアッベ数の結果を表1に示した。
表1記載の各化合物、量に変更する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。また、得られた重合性組成物の粘度、光学レンズの離型性、脈理、耐熱性(Tg)、YI値、屈折率およびアッベ数の結果を表1に示した。
表1記載の各化合物、量に変更する以外は実施例2と同様に行った。また、得られた重合性組成物の粘度、光学レンズの離型性、脈理、耐熱性(Tg)、YI値、屈折率およびアッベ数の結果を表1に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、(c)化合物としてc-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物としてd-1化合物0.016質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、30℃で1.0時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である25℃に冷却して濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である25℃での粘度は40mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は82mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例1記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、c-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物としてd-1化合物0.005質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、40℃で1.5時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である30℃に冷却して濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である30℃での粘度は36mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は110mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例1記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、c-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物として1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチルピペリジルアクリレ-ト(以下d-2化合物と呼ぶ)0.016質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、25℃で1.5時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である25℃に保って濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である25℃での粘度は42mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は85mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例1記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄10.0質量部、(b)化合物としてビス(β-エピチオプロピル)ジスルフィド(以下b-2化合物と呼ぶ)90.0質量部、(c)化合物としてc-1化合物5.0質量部、d-1化合物0.1質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、5℃で1.2時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である15℃に加熱して濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である15℃での粘度は90mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は103mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例1記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄20.0質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物80.0質量部、c-1化合物10.0質量部、(d)化合物としてd-1化合物0.016質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、30℃で1.5(時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である20℃に冷却して濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である20℃での粘度は82mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は115mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例1記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄30.0質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物70.0質量部、c-1化合物15.0質量部、(d)化合物としてd-1化合物0.033質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、30℃で1.0時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である25℃に冷却して濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である25℃での粘度は55mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は96mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例1記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(予備重合反応方法、および重合性組成物の製造方法)
(a)化合物である硫黄16.0質量部と(b-1)化合物であるビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド84.0質量部を60℃でよく混合し均一溶液とした。次いで、予備重合触媒として2-メルカプト-1-メチルイミダゾール(MMIと呼ぶ)0.50質量部を加えて、60℃で予備重合反応させた。得られた予備反応液を20℃に冷却した。冷却後の予備反応液は黄色透明で、硫黄等の固体の析出は見られず、20℃での粘度は70mPa・sであった。得られた予備反応液に、重合触媒としてトリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.03質量部、重合調節剤としてジブチルスズジクロライド0.20質量部を(c-1)化合物であるビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド8.6質量部に予め溶解させて加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら撹拌混合して重合性組成物とした。得られた重合性組成物の粘度は80mPa・sであり、20℃で3時間保持後の粘度は130mPa・sとなった。結果を表2に示した。
(プラスチックレンズの製造方法)
得られた重合性組成物を1.0μmのPTFE製メンブランフィルターでろ過をし、ガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-4.0D/0.0D)とガスケット、ガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-12.5D/0.0D)とガスケット、およびガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-15.0D/0.0D)とガスケットから構成されるモールド3種類のそれぞれ100セットに注入した。これらモールドをオーブンで20℃から100℃まで、22時間掛けて緩やかに昇温加熱して重合硬化させた後に室温まで冷却して、モールドから離型し光学レンズを得た。その際の離型性、及び光学レンズの脈理、耐熱性(Tg)、YI値、屈折率およびアッベ数の結果を表2に示した。
(予備重合反応方法、および重合性組成物の製造方法)
(a)化合物である硫黄16.0質量部、(b-1)化合物であるビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド84.0質量部と(c-1)化合物であるビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド7.8質量部を60℃でよく混合し均一溶液とした。次いで、予備重合触媒として2-メルカプト-1-メチルイミダゾール(MMIと呼ぶ)0.50質量部を加えて、60℃で予備重合反応させた。得られた予備反応液を20℃に冷却した。冷却後の予備反応液は黄色透明で、硫黄等の固体の析出は見られず、20℃での粘度は50mPa・sであった。得られた予備反応液に、重合触媒としてトリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.03質量部、重合調節剤としてジブチルスズジクロライド0.20質量部を(c-1)化合物であるビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド0.8質量部に予め溶解させて加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら撹拌混合して重合性組成物とした。得られた重合性組成物の粘度は55mPa・sであり、20℃で3時間保持後の粘度は115mPa・sとなった。結果を表2に示した。
(プラスチックレンズの製造方法)
得られた重合性組成物を1.0μmのPTFE製メンブランフィルターでろ過をし、ガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-4.0D/0.0D)とガスケット、ガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-12.5D/0.0D)とガスケット、およびガラスモールド(設計度数(S/C)-15.0D/0.0D)とガスケットから構成されるモールド3種類のそれぞれ100セットに注入した。これらモールドをオーブンで20℃から100℃まで、22時間掛けて緩やかに昇温加熱して重合硬化させた後に室温まで冷却して、モールドから離型し光学レンズを得た。その際の離型性、及び光学レンズの脈理、耐熱性(Tg)、YI値、屈折率およびアッベ数の結果を表2に示した。
(d)化合物の量を変更する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。しかし、急速重合が起こり、光学材料は得られなかった。
(d)化合物の量を変更する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。しかし、硫黄が溶け残り、均一な光学材料は得られなかった。
60℃で均一溶液とする際に、内部離型剤としてジオクチルアシッドホスヘートを0.01質量部加える事以外は比較例1と同様に行った。
その際の得られた重合性組成物の粘度、光学レンズの離型性、脈理、耐熱性(Tg)、YI値、屈折率およびアッベ数の結果を表2に示した。しかし、得られた光学レンズ全てに薄い濁りが発生した。
内部離型剤として、ジオクチルアシッドホスヘートの代わりにDS-401(ダイキン工業製)0.01質量部に代えた以外は比較例5と同様に行った。その際の得られた重合性組成物の粘度、光学レンズの離型性、脈理、耐熱性(Tg)、YI値、屈折率およびアッベ数の結果を表2に示した。しかし、得られた光学レンズ全てに薄い濁りが発生した。
外部離型剤として、YSR-6209(東芝シリコン製)をモールドに塗布した以外は比較例1と同様に行った。しかし、得られた光学レンズ全てに濁りが発生し、光学レンズ表面に荒れが生じた。
(d)化合物の代わりに、2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジル-4-メタクリレート(TMPMと呼ぶ)を使用する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。しかし、急速重合が起こり、光学材料は得られなかった。
(d)化合物の代わりに、1,2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン(PMPと呼ぶ)を使用する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。しかし、急速重合が起こり、光学材料は得られなかった。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、c-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物を加えず、窒素雰囲気常圧下、60℃で24時間反応させたが硫黄が残存した。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、c-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物としてd-1化合物0.016質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、50℃で1.0時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である40℃に冷却して濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である40℃での粘度は160mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は820mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例1記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、c-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物としてd-1化合物0.2質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、-5℃で1.0時間反応させたが硫黄が残存した。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、c-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物としてd-1化合物0.016質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、45℃で1.0時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である25℃に冷却して濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である25℃での粘度は210mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は450mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例2記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、c-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物としてd-1化合物0.016質量部を加えて、窒素雰囲気常圧下、25℃で1.5時間反応させた。得られた反応液に、c-1化合物0.9質量部、ジブチルスズジクロライド0.37質量部、トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド0.16質量部を加え、10Torrで脱気処理しながら注型時温度である40℃に加熱して濁りのない光学材料用重合性組成物を得た。得られた組成物の注型時温度である40℃での粘度は30mPa・sであり、注型時温度で3時間保持後の粘度は260mPa・sであった。
引き続き実施例2記載の方法で光学レンズを得た。その結果を表3に示した。
(a)化合物である硫黄15.5質量部、(b)化合物としてb-1化合物84.5質量部、c-1化合物8.6質量部、(d)化合物としてMMIを0.05質量部加え、窒素雰囲気常圧下、30℃で24時間反応させたが硫黄が残存した。
(a)硫黄
(b-1)ビス(β-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド
(b-2)ビス(β-エピチオプロピル)ジスルフィド
(c-1)ビス(2-メルカプトエチル)スルフィド
(c-2)m-キシリレンジチオール
(c-3)2,5-ビス(メルカプトメチル)-1,4-ジチアン
(c-4)p-キシリレンジチオール
(c-5)1,2-ジメルカプトエタン
(c-6)チオフェノール
(d-1)1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチルピペリジル-4-メタクリレ-ト
(d-2)1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチルピペリジル-4-アクリレ-ト
(d-3)1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチルピペリジル-4-ビニルベンゾエート
MMI:2-メルカプト-1-メチルイミダゾール
TMPM:2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジル-4-メタクリレ-ト
PMP:1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチルピペリジン
TEBAC:トリエチルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド
DBTC:ジブチルスズジクロライド
Claims (9)
- 下記(a)化合物10~50質量部と下記(c)化合物1~20質量部とを下記(b)化合物50~90質量部存在下(ただし、(a)化合物と(b)化合物との合計は100質量部とする)、下記(d)化合物0.001~5質量部を予備重合触媒として予備重合反応させて得られる予備反応液と重合触媒とを含有する光学材料用重合性組成物。
(a)硫黄((a)化合物)
(b)下記(1)式で表されるエピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物((b)化合物)
(c)SH基を1個以上有する化合物((c)化合物)
(d)下記(2)式で表される化合物((d)化合物)。
Xはビニル基、ビニリデン基またはビニレン基のいずれかを有する炭素数2~11の有機基を表す。) - 下記(a)化合物10~50質量部と下記(c)化合物1~20質量部とを下記(b)化合物50~90質量部存在下(ただし、(a)化合物と(b)化合物との合計は100質量部とする)、下記(d)化合物0.001~5質量部を予備重合触媒として予備重合反応させることにより得た予備反応液に重合触媒を添加する光学材料用重合性組成物の製造方法。
(a)硫黄((a)化合物)
(b)下記(1)式で表されるエピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物((b)化合物)
(c)SH基を1個以上有する化合物((c)化合物)
(d)下記(2)式で表される化合物((d)化合物)。
Xはビニル基、ビニリデン基またはビニレン基のいずれかを有する炭素数2~11の有機基を表す。) - 前記光学材料用重合性組成物が、前記予備反応液に前記重合触媒と前記(c)化合物を更に添加したものである請求項1に記載の光学材料用重合性組成物。
- 請求項1記載の光学材料用重合性組成物を重合硬化する光学材料の製造方法。
- 請求項4記載の製造方法で得られる光学材料。
- 請求項5記載の光学材料を含む光学レンズ。
- 下記(a)化合物10~50質量部と下記(c)化合物1~20質量部とを下記(b)化合物50~90質量部存在下(ただし、(a)化合物と(b)化合物との合計は100質量部とする)、下記(d)化合物0.001~5質量部を予備重合触媒として反応温度T1(T1は0~45℃)で予備重合反応させることにより予備反応液を得、該予備反応液に重合触媒を加え温度をT2(ただし、T2はT1-15℃~T1+10℃であり、かつ、0~45℃である)とすることを特徴とする光学材料用重合性組成物の製造方法。
(a)硫黄(以下(a)化合物)
(b)下記(1)式で表されるエピスルフィド基を分子内に2個有する化合物(以下(b)化合物)
(c)SH基を1個以上有する化合物(以下(c)化合物)
(d)下記(2)式で表される化合物(以下(d)化合物)。
Xはビニル基、ビニリデン基またはビニレン基のいずれかを有する炭素数2~11の有機基を表す。) - 請求項7記載の製造方法で製造された光学材料用重合性組成物を重合初期温度T3(ただし、T3はT2-10℃~T2+10℃であり、かつ、0~40℃である)として重合させることを特徴とする光学材料の製造方法。
- 請求項8に記載の方法により製造される光学材料。
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KR101900837B1 (ko) | 2018-09-21 |
EP2816070A4 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
CN104114608B (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
BR112014020099B1 (pt) | 2020-12-01 |
CN104114608A (zh) | 2014-10-22 |
IN2014DN07467A (ja) | 2015-04-24 |
US20140357835A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
TWI568775B (zh) | 2017-02-01 |
US9529117B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
KR20140122721A (ko) | 2014-10-20 |
EP2816070B1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
EP2816070A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
TW201345956A (zh) | 2013-11-16 |
BR112014020099A8 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
BR112014020099A2 (ja) | 2017-06-20 |
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