WO2013121901A1 - 軟磁性圧粉磁芯 - Google Patents
軟磁性圧粉磁芯 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013121901A1 WO2013121901A1 PCT/JP2013/052431 JP2013052431W WO2013121901A1 WO 2013121901 A1 WO2013121901 A1 WO 2013121901A1 JP 2013052431 W JP2013052431 W JP 2013052431W WO 2013121901 A1 WO2013121901 A1 WO 2013121901A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/33—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials mixtures of metallic and non-metallic particles; metallic particles having oxide skin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
- H01F3/08—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
- H01F27/255—Magnetic cores made from particles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a soft magnetic powder magnetic core having high electrical resistivity, high magnetic flux density, and high strength used for various electromagnetic parts such as motors, actuators, generators, reactors and the like.
- the dust core produced by performing these treatments tends to cause peeling and decomposition of the insulating coating formed on the particle surface, and thus has a low electrical resistivity.
- the electrical resistivity decreases, the eddy current in the magnetic core increases, and the output and efficiency of the product decrease. Therefore, there has been no soft magnetic dust core having high electrical resistivity, high magnetic flux density, and high strength.
- Patent Document 1 iron powder on which a film containing MgO is formed and a silicone resin are mixed, and the molded dust core is formed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 550 ° C. to 750 ° C.
- a technique for performing a heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 400 ° C. to 560 ° C. after firing is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for forming an insulating film on iron powder with a compound or salt that generates boric acid, phosphoric acid and a divalent or higher cation.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique in which insulating coating soft magnetic particles, a low-melting glass having an average particle diameter of 2 nm to 200 nm, and a lubricant are mixed and compacted, followed by firing at a temperature of 650 ° C.
- JP 2009-117651 A Japanese Patent No. 0406101 JP 2010-389914 A
- Patent Document 1 high bending strength and high electrical resistivity (specific resistance) can be obtained, but the magnetic flux density is not a sufficient value. Furthermore, in order to obtain a higher bending strength, a long manufacturing process and a heat treatment at a high temperature are required, which requires time and cost.
- Patent Document 2 enables heat treatment at a high temperature by improving the heat resistance of the insulating film. Heat treatment at a high temperature removes the internal distortion of the core and provides a high magnetic flux density. However, the dust core produced thereby does not have both high magnetic flux density and high specific resistance, and has sufficient mechanical strength. A correct value was not obtained.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object thereof is a soft magnetic dust core capable of easily realizing a dust core having high electrical resistivity, high magnetic flux density and high strength. Is to provide.
- a soft magnetic dust core according to the present invention is a soft magnetic dust core in which glass portions are scattered between soft magnetic particles.
- the particles include core particles mainly composed of iron and an insulating coating layer having at least P, O, and Fe, and further, a joint portion mainly composed of iron oxide is formed between the soft magnetic particles and the glass portion. It is characterized by that.
- a soft magnetic dust core in which glass portions are interspersed between soft magnetic particles, many glass portions fill gaps (voids) between soft magnetic particles in the soft magnetic dust core.
- the void is the starting point of fracture, and the mechanical strength is increased by filling the gap with the glass portion.
- the distance between the soft magnetic particles is close and the magnetic interaction is strong, so that the magnetic flux density of the soft magnetic dust core is improved.
- the soft magnetic particles have a large magnetization because the core particles are mainly composed of iron.
- the soft magnetic particles take insulation between the particles, and the soft magnetic dust core Electrical resistivity is increased.
- the joint composed mainly of iron oxide is formed between the soft magnetic particles and the glass part, the adhesion at the soft magnetic particle-glass part interface is further enhanced, and the soft magnetic powder magnet with higher strength is obtained. A wick can be realized.
- an insulating coating layer can be obtained by further including at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, Na, Zn and Ba in the insulating coating layer having at least P, O and Fe.
- the insulation of the insulating coating layer is further improved, and further, by the heat treatment, it selectively reacts with the raw glass particles to form a joint composed mainly of iron oxide between the soft magnetic particles and the glass part. Easy to do. Therefore, a soft magnetic dust core having a higher electrical resistivity and a higher mechanical strength can be produced.
- the glass part contains Bi, Fe, and P, and is formed by reacting the raw glass particles with soft magnetic particles through pressure forming and heat treatment processes, and agglomerates to change the composition.
- the raw glass particles preferably contain Bi as a main component, and the glass transition point and softening point are preferably 500 ° C. or lower. In this case, the reaction between the soft magnetic particles and the raw glass particles is likely to occur. Further, when the glass part further contains Fe and P, the adhesion with the joint part is improved and the mechanical strength is increased.
- the soft magnetic powder magnetic core contains Bi, and the amount of Bi contained is preferably 0.05% by mass to 4.00% by mass, and more preferably 0.10% by mass to 0.20% by mass. More preferred.
- the Bi amount of the soft magnetic dust core is in the above range, the magnetic flux density is high and the mechanical strength can be further increased.
- the area ratio of the glass part is 0.1% or more and 5.0% or less, and the average area of the glass part is 10 ⁇ m 2. It is preferably 40 ⁇ m 2 or less, and when the glass area ratio and the average area of the glass part are in the above ranges, the dispersibility of the glass part is improved and the mechanical strength of the soft magnetic dust core can be further increased. .
- the soft magnetic powder magnetic core obtained by the present invention has a high electrical resistivity, a high magnetic flux density and a high strength, and therefore can be used for various electromagnetic parts such as motors, actuators, generators and reactors.
- the soft magnetic dust core of the present embodiment is an aggregate (powder) of glass portions 2 interspersed with soft magnetic particles 1, and the soft magnetic particles 1 are core particles 1a mainly composed of iron and An insulating coating layer 1b having P, O, and Fe is provided, and a feature is that a joining portion 3 containing iron oxide as a main component is formed between the soft magnetic particles 1 and the glass portion 2.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a soft magnetic dust core according to this embodiment.
- the soft magnetic particle 1 includes an insulating coating layer 1b having at least P, O, and Fe on the surface of the core particle 1a, and glass portions 2 exist (dotted) between the soft magnetic particles 1.
- a joint portion 3 is formed between the soft magnetic particles 1 and the glass portion 2.
- the core particle 1a is an iron-based powder (particle, powder) mainly composed of iron (including pure iron and iron containing inevitable impurities).
- Specific examples of the core particle 1a include, for example, only iron, and other elements (for example, Si, P, Co, Ni, Cr, Al, Mo, Mn, Cu, Sn, Zn, B, V, Sn, etc.) ) Is added in a small amount.
- the core particle 1a is not only a simple metal or a metal simple substance containing other elements, but also, for example, an Fe—Si alloy, an Fe—Al alloy, an Fe—N alloy, an Fe—C alloy, Fe—B, and the like. Alloys such as Fe-Co alloy, Fe-Co alloy, Fe-P alloy, Fe-Ni-Co alloy, Fe-Cr alloy, Fe-Al-Si alloy may be used. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Preferred core particles 1a are not particularly limited, but include those containing 95% by mass or more of iron, more preferably pure iron containing 99% by mass or more of iron.
- Soft magnetic particles containing a large amount of iron tend to have low Vickers hardness and excellent formability compared to the conventional Fe-Al-Si alloy powders and iron-based particles having a purity of less than 95% by mass. Therefore, by using this, the density can be further increased and the magnetic flux density can be improved.
- 0.5% by mass or less of P, 0.1% by mass or less of Mn, 0.03% by mass or less of Al, V, Cu, As, Mo, and the balance having an iron composition are more preferable.
- the average particle diameter of the core particle 1a is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter is 10 ⁇ m or more, voids in the soft magnetic dust core are reduced and the molding density is improved, so that the magnetic flux density is increased.
- the average particle size is 500 ⁇ m or less, since eddy currents generated in the particles can be suppressed, heat generation of the soft magnetic dust core is prevented and loss is suppressed.
- the average particle diameter here means a D50% particle diameter.
- the core particle 1a can be produced by a known method, and the production method is not particularly limited. For example, using known production methods such as ore reduction method, mechanical alloy method, gas atomization method, water atomization method, rotary atomization method, electrolysis method, casting and pulverization method, particles of any composition and any particle size can be obtained. it can.
- known production methods such as ore reduction method, mechanical alloy method, gas atomization method, water atomization method, rotary atomization method, electrolysis method, casting and pulverization method, particles of any composition and any particle size can be obtained. it can.
- the material constituting the insulating coating layer 1b contains at least Fe, P, and O imparting insulating properties, such as iron phosphite compounds, phosphate compounds, hydrogen phosphate compounds, pyrophosphate compounds, and oxides. These are singular or plural. Furthermore, the insulating coating layer 1b preferably contains at least iron phosphate. Since iron phosphate has high adhesion to the core particle 1a containing iron as a main component, the mechanical strength is improved.
- the thickness of the insulating coating layer 1b is preferably 10 nm or more and 500 nm or less, and more preferably 40 nm or more and 300 nm or less.
- the film thickness is 40 nm or more, the insulation between the particles can be further maintained, and the electrical resistivity is increased.
- the film thickness is 300 nm or less, since the distance between the core particles is closer, the magnetic interaction is strong and the magnetic flux density is increased.
- the glass part 2 is formed by mixing a raw material glass material and a soft magnetic material, press-molding, and heat-treating. It is preferably formed by diffusing Fe and P into the raw glass particles before the heat treatment during the heat treatment of the soft magnetic dust core, and the degree of diffusion of Fe and P by heat is large in Fe and small in P Is more preferable. Thereby, the glass part formed has good adhesion to the joint part formed at the same time, and the mechanical strength is improved.
- the average particle diameter of the raw glass particles is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less. If the average particle diameter of the raw glass particles is 0.5 ⁇ m or more, the gap between the soft magnetic particles can be densely filled, so that the mechanical strength is increased. Moreover, the fall of the density of a molded object is suppressed as the average particle diameter of raw material glass particles is 10 micrometers or less, and magnetic flux density improves.
- the joint portion 3 is selectively formed with iron oxide as a main component only between the soft magnetic particles 1 and the glass portion 2.
- iron oxide is, FeO, Fe 2 O 3, Fe 3 O 4 is included, those containing a large amount of Fe 3 O 4 is preferred.
- a material containing a large amount of Fe 3 O 4 becomes harder, so that the mechanical strength is improved.
- a decrease in electrical resistivity between particles is suppressed by selectively forming a joint mainly composed of iron oxide only around the glass portion, not between the entire insulating coating layers, and the electrical resistivity is improved. .
- the sum of the Fe amount (at.%) And the O amount (at.%) is 80 at. % Or more, 90 at. It is more preferable that it contains more than%.
- the joining part 3 formed thereby contains a large amount of iron oxide and firmly joins the soft magnetic particles 1 and the glass part 2.
- the thickness of the junction 3 is preferably 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and more preferably 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less.
- the thickness of the bonding part 3 is 5 nm or more, the adhesion between the soft magnetic particles and the glass part is improved, and higher strength is obtained.
- the thickness of the junction part 3 is 100 nm or less, the stress applied in the junction part 3 is less likely to concentrate, and higher strength is obtained.
- the insulating coating layer 1b contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, Na, Zn, and Ba.
- An element selected from the above group may be diffused from the raw glass particles by heat treatment to be formed in the insulating coating layer, but is preferably contained as a phosphate and an oxide before heat treatment.
- a phosphate and an oxide of an element selected from the above group before the heat treatment the reaction with the raw material glass particles is activated by the heat treatment, and a joint is easily formed.
- the phosphate or oxide having higher stability than Fe promotes the diffusion of Fe from the coating into the raw glass particles, while preventing the excessive diffusion of P to the joint, and the insulating coating. Higher strength is obtained because the adhesion between the layer and the joint is increased.
- the stability of the phosphate is obtained from the solubility with water at 25 ° C., and is in the order of Ba 3 (PO 4 ) 2 > Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 > FePO 4 .
- the stability of the oxide is obtained from the magnitude of the standard free energy of formation of the oxide, and in the order of BaO> B 2 O 3 > Na 2 O> Fe 3 O 4 at 500 ° C. or lower.
- the reaction between the soft magnetic particles and the raw glass particles is not limited, but it is preferable that the following reactions occur.
- the stability of the phosphate of the additive element is higher than that of iron phosphate, the iron phosphate is preferentially decomposed and oxidized by heat and promotes diffusion of iron oxide.
- the phosphate of the additive element is stable, the diffusion of P is suppressed.
- the oxide of the additive element is higher than the stability of iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) and the melting point is low, the oxide of the additive element generated by heat promotes the lowering of the melting point of the raw glass particles and the iron oxide diffuses It becomes easy to do. By accelerating these diffusion effects, joints are formed and the mechanical strength is improved.
- the glass part 2 is characterized by containing Bi, Fe and P.
- the glass part can be obtained by mixing a raw glass material containing Bi as a main component with a soft magnetic material, pressure molding, and heat treatment.
- a raw glass material for example, Bi 2 O 3 —B 2 O 3 glass, Bi 2 O 3 —ZnO—B 2 O 3 glass or the like is preferable, and P and Fe are further preferably included.
- Bi is contained in an amount of 60% by mass or more, and more preferably 75% by mass or more. Since the raw glass in the above range has a low transition point and softening point, Fe and P are easily diffused into the raw glass particles by heat, so that a joint is formed and the mechanical strength is improved.
- the amount of Bi in the soft magnetic powder magnetic core is detected by ICP-AES apparatus measurement or the like. Since the amount of Bi mainly depends on the amount of glass to be added, the amount of Bi is preferably 0.05% by mass to 4.00% by mass, and more preferably 0.1% by mass to 2.0% by mass. Is more preferable. When the amount of Bi is 0.05% by mass or more, the glass particles fill the voids in the soft magnetic dust core, thereby improving the mechanical strength. When the amount of Bi is 4.00% by mass or less, a decrease in magnetic flux density is suppressed, and the mechanical strength is improved.
- the distribution state of the glass part in the soft magnetic powder magnetic core is obtained by an image imaging method.
- the area ratio of the glass portion is 5.0% to 0.1% or less in any of the cross-sectional area 1.1 mm 2 or more 1.2 mm 2 or less in the range of soft magnetic core, and the average area of the glass part is 10 [mu] m 2 It is preferably 40 ⁇ m 2 or more.
- the area ratio and average area of the glass part are in the above ranges, the dispersibility of the glass part is improved, and the mechanical strength of the soft magnetic dust core can be further increased.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for manufacturing the soft magnetic powder magnetic core of the present embodiment.
- soft magnetic particles soft magnetic material
- the glass part 2 is added by the step (S2) of adding the raw glass material to the soft magnetic material, the step (S3) of molding the mixture thus obtained, and the step (S4) of heat-treating the molded body obtained after the molding.
- the soft magnetic powder magnetic core including the soft magnetic particles 1, the glass part 2, and the joint part 3 is manufactured.
- phosphoric acid for example, 80-90% aqueous solution of orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), etc.
- an element or compound of an additive element is mixed and dissolved. It is formed by preparing a solution for insulating coating treatment, applying it to the raw material powder, and drying it.
- a coating film having a multilayer structure formed by applying and drying an aqueous solution of only phosphoric acid on the raw material powder and then further applying and drying a solution containing the compound of the additive element may be used.
- the method for applying the insulating coating treatment solution is not particularly limited, and for example, a known method such as drying after mixing the insulating coating treatment solution with the core particles can be appropriately employed.
- additive element compounds include phosphites, phosphates, pyrophosphates, oxides, hydroxides, oxoacids and oxoacid salts.
- disodium hydrogen phosphite penentahydrate
- boron phosphate sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate (dihydrate)
- disodium hydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate 2 Sodium (pentahydrate), disodium hydrogen phosphate (decahydrate), trisodium phosphate, trisodium phosphate (hexahydrate), trisodium phosphate (decahydrate), phosphoric acid 2
- Zinc hydride zinc phosphate, zinc phosphate (tetrahydrate), barium hydrogen phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate (decahydrate), disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, zinc triphosphate 3 water Japanese, barium pyrophosphate, boron oxide, sodium oxide, zinc oxide, barium oxide, sodium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, barium hydroxide (octahydrate), boric acid, sodium zincate Arm,
- a spray method that is, spraying a coating solution in which phosphoric acid and an additive element alone or a compound is dispersed or dissolved in a solvent with a spray gun or the like, is performed to form core particles.
- coating to is preferable.
- solvents that can be used in the spray method include water and organic solvents such as toluene, acetone, and alcohols, but are not particularly limited thereto.
- step (S2) of adding the raw glass material to the soft magnetic material it is preferable to knead the mixture so that the added raw glass material is uniformly distributed to the soft magnetic material.
- the kneading may be performed by a known method, and is not particularly limited. However, a mixer (eg, flash blender, rocking shaker, drum shaker, V mixer, etc.) or a granulator (eg, fluid granulator, rolling granulation) Etc.).
- a mixer eg, flash blender, rocking shaker, drum shaker, V mixer, etc.
- a granulator eg, fluid granulator, rolling granulation
- the mixture obtained as described above that is, the mixture containing the soft magnetic material and the raw glass material is poured into a mold coated with a lubricant, and pressure is applied at normal temperature or under heating temperature. It is molded into an arbitrary shape while applying.
- Such molding may be performed by a known method, and is not particularly limited. A molding die having a cavity having a desired shape is used, a lubricant is applied, the mixture is filled in the cavity, and a predetermined molding pressure is applied.
- the mixture is preferably compression molded.
- a lubricant known in the art can be appropriately selected and used, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably a metal soap.
- the lubricant reduces friction between the soft magnetic powder and the mold during molding and prevents the material from being galling.
- Such metal soap is excellent in formability because it is easily adhered uniformly to the inside of the mold.
- Specific examples of the metal soap include zinc oleate, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, calcium stearate, lithium stearate and the like.
- the lubricant As a method for applying the lubricant to the mold, it is preferable to form by applying the lubricant by electrostatic charging or by spraying a mixture of the lubricant in an organic solvent and drying the mixture.
- the organic solvent include methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and the like, but are not particularly limited.
- the molding pressure at the time of molding is not particularly limited, but is usually 600 MPa or more and 1200 MPa or less.
- 600 MPa or more By setting the molding pressure at the time of molding to 600 MPa or more, it tends to be easy to achieve high density and high magnetic permeability by molding.
- 1200 MPa or less By setting the molding pressure at the time of molding to 1200 MPa or less, there is a tendency that saturation of the pressure application effect can be suppressed, and there is a tendency to be excellent in productivity and economy. Tend to improve.
- the molding temperature is not particularly limited, but is usually 80 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower, preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 160 ° C. or lower.
- the density of the molded body tends to increase as the molding temperature during warm molding increases, but by setting this to 200 ° C. or less, the oxidation of the core particles (soft magnetic particles) is moderately suppressed, and the density is obtained.
- the deterioration of the performance of the soft magnetic powder magnetic core to be used can be suppressed. Moreover, it is excellent in productivity and economy.
- the compressive strain generated during molding is released to increase the magnetic flux density and reduce the core loss (particularly hysteresis loss).
- the heat treatment may be performed by a known method, and is not particularly limited. Generally, a soft magnetic material molded body formed into an arbitrary shape by molding is heat-treated at a predetermined temperature using an annealing furnace. Is preferably performed.
- the treatment temperature during the heat treatment is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably about 450 to 500 ° C.
- the processing temperature during the heat treatment is set to 450 ° C. or higher, the distortion of the core particles is released, the magnetic flux density is improved, the reaction between the insulating coating layer and the raw glass particles proceeds moderately, and a mechanical bond is formed to form a joint. Increases strength.
- the treatment temperature during the heat treatment to 500 ° C. or less, the decomposition of the insulating coating layer is suppressed, the mechanical strength and the insulation can be maintained, and the magnetic flux density is increased.
- the heat treatment step is preferably performed in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
- the oxygen-containing atmosphere includes an air atmosphere (usually containing 20.95% oxygen) or a mixed atmosphere of an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen and oxygen, but is particularly limited to these. Not.
- an insulating coating layer and a joint mainly composed of iron oxide can be formed, so that a soft magnetic dust core with high mechanical strength is obtained.
- the soft magnetic dust core thus obtained has a high density and is excellent in various performances such as high electrical resistivity, high magnetic flux density, and high strength.
- bismuth-based glass as raw glass particles is added to the soft magnetic material in an amount of 0.4 mass% of Bi relative to the soft magnetic material, and the mixture is added to the mixer (trade name: V mixer, manufactured by Tsutsui Riken Kikai). Put and knead.
- the kneaded mixture was molded at 981 MPa as a magnetic property evaluation sample to produce a toroidal core having an outer diameter of 17.5 mm, an inner diameter of 10 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm.
- a rod-shaped sample having a length of 30 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a thickness of 5.5 mm was formed as a sample for measuring electrical resistivity and a sample for three-point bending strength test at 981 MPa. Thereafter, heat treatment was performed at 450 ° C. for 1 hour in an air atmosphere to obtain a soft magnetic dust core.
- Example 1 The structure of the soft magnetic powder magnetic core obtained in Example 1 was confirmed by TEM observation.
- the rod-like sample was cut out in a cross section of 10 mm ⁇ 5.5 mm, mirror-polished, and then an observation sample was prepared by a microsampling method using Dual-Beam FIB (Nova200).
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of measurement points in the TEM measurement. As shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the component composition of the soft magnetic dust core of Example 1.
- the soft magnetic powder magnetic core of Example 1 includes core particles whose soft magnetic particles are mainly composed of iron, and an insulating coating layer containing Fe, O, P, and Zn as an additive element. Thus, it was confirmed that a joint portion mainly composed of iron oxide was formed between the glass portion containing Bi, Fe, and P.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the component composition of the soft magnetic dust core of Comparative Example 1.
- the soft magnetic powder magnetic core of Comparative Example 1 shown in FIG. 5 includes core particles whose soft magnetic particles are mainly composed of iron, and an insulating coating layer containing Fe, O, and P. Bi, Fe, A glass portion containing P is also present between the soft magnetic particles. However, it was confirmed that no joint portion mainly composed of iron oxide was formed between the soft magnetic particles and the glass portion.
- ⁇ Evaluation method> As an evaluation of magnetic characteristics, a winding was wound around a toroidal core (primary winding: 50 ts, secondary winding: 10 ts), and a hysteresis curve in a DC magnetic field was measured with a DC magnetization characteristics tester (SK110 manufactured by Metron Giken). The value of magnetic flux density at a magnetic field strength of 10,000 A / m was determined. As for the three-point bending strength, the strength of JISZ2511 was measured with a universal material testing machine (Instron 4505 manufactured by INSTRON). The electrical resistivity is measured by polishing both side surfaces (10 ⁇ 5.5 squares) of the electrical resistivity measurement sample and applying In—Ga paste to form terminal electrodes. The resistance between the terminals is measured by a low resistance meter (Tsuruga Electric). Measurement was performed with MODEL 3569).
- Table 2 shows the measurement results of each example and each comparative example.
- Examples 1 to 8 containing Fe, P, O and additive elements in the insulating coating layer had a magnetic flux density of 1500 mT or more and a three-point bending strength of 180 MPa or more. Moreover, from the structural analysis of the TEM, it was confirmed that Example 1 in which the joint portion was confirmed between the soft magnetic particles and the glass portion had a particularly high strength (three-point bending strength). On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, it can be seen from the result of the same structural analysis by the TEM that the junction is not formed because the junction is not formed.
- the electrical resistivity is 1000 ⁇ ⁇ m or more, the three-point bending strength, the magnetic flux density It was also confirmed that all three characteristics were high.
- Example 11 Pure iron (manufactured by Höganäs AB, trade name: ABC100.30, average particle size of about 100 ⁇ m) was prepared as core particles (raw material powder) mainly composed of iron. Next, an insulating coating solution was prepared by dissolving 0.2% by mass of phosphoric acid and 0.004% by mass of zinc phosphate tetrahydrate with respect to the raw material powder in IPA. Subsequently, the raw material powder and the insulating film treatment solution were mixed and dried to produce a soft magnetic material.
- Example 12 Pure iron (manufactured by Höganäs AB, trade name: ABC100.30, average particle size of about 100 ⁇ m) was prepared as core particles (raw material powder) mainly composed of iron. Next, an insulating coating solution was prepared by dissolving 0.2% by mass of phosphoric acid and 0.004% by mass of zinc phosphate tetrahydrate with respect to the raw material powder in IPA. Subsequently, the raw material powder and the insulating film treatment solution were mixed and dried to produce a soft magnetic material.
- the amount of Bi in the soft magnetic powder magnetic core was measured with an ICP emission spectroscopic analyzer (ICP-AES apparatus). Three sample pieces of about 5 mm in length, 10 mm in width, and 5.5 mm in thickness are cut out from the above-mentioned rod-shaped sample, each sample is weighed, heated and dissolved in aqua regia, and fixed in a 100 ml volumetric flask. -The average value of three points was obtained by measurement with an AES apparatus (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc .: SPS3100). Table 3 shows a list of the analysis results.
- the area ratio and average area of the glass part in the cross section of the soft magnetic powder magnetic core were determined by image analysis software (Pixs2000_Pro manufactured by Inotech Co., Ltd.).
- the cross-sectional observation sample was prepared by cutting the rod-shaped sample into a plane (10 mm ⁇ 5.5 mm square) parallel to the pressing direction and mirror-polishing the cross section.
- the compo image taken by SEM was saved in a bitmap file with a resolution of 640 ⁇ 480 pixels.
- the glass part appears bright because it contains Bi with a high specific gravity. Therefore, the gradation range from the point where the pixel on the bright side of the mountain having the maximum peak position in the histogram of the image software (Irfan view) is less than 0.1% to 255 is defined as the glass portion.
- FIG. 6A shows a schematic diagram of the histogram
- FIG. 6B shows a schematic diagram of the analysis results by the image imaging method
- Table 3 shows a list of the analysis results.
- Example 9 had higher strength than Comparative Example 1.
- Example 9 and Example 10 it was confirmed that the three-point bending strength, the electrical resistivity, and the magnetic flux density were all increased when the Bi content was 0.05% by mass or more and 4.00% by mass or less.
- the glass part area ratio is 0.5% to 5% and the glass part average area is 10 ⁇ m 2 to 40 ⁇ m 2 .
- the electrical resistivity, magnetic flux density, and strength were all high.
- the soft magnetic powder magnetic core according to the present invention has high electrical resistivity, high magnetic flux density and high strength, it can be used in motors, actuators, generators, reactors, and various devices, facilities, systems, and the like equipped with them. It can be used widely and effectively.
Abstract
Description
鉄を主成分とするコア粒子(原料粉)として、純鉄(ヘガネスAB社製、商品名:ABC100.30、平均粒径約100μm)を準備した。次に原料粉に対して0.2質量%のリン酸と、総添加量が原料粉に対して0.004質量%の表1に示す添加材料をイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)に溶解して絶縁被膜処理用溶液を作製した。続いて原料粉と前記絶縁被膜処理用溶液を混合し、乾燥させて軟磁性材料を作製した。
磁気特性の評価としてトロイダルコアに巻き線を巻きつけ(一次巻線:50ts、二次巻線:10ts)、直流磁化特性試験装置(メトロン技研社製SK110)により直流磁場中のヒステリシス曲線を測定し、磁場の強さ10000A/mでの磁束密度の値を求めた。3点曲げ強度は万能材料試験機(INSTRON社製 Instron 4505)により、JISZ2511の強度測定を行なった。電気抵抗率は電気抵抗率測定用試料の両端側面(10×5.5角)を研磨してIn-Gaペーストを塗って端子電極を形成し、端子間の抵抗値を低抵抗計(鶴賀電機株式会社製MODEL3569)で測定した。
鉄を主成分とするコア粒子(原料粉)として、純鉄(ヘガネスAB社製、商品名:ABC100.30、平均粒径約100μm)を準備した。次に原料粉に対して0.2質量%のリン酸と、0.004質量%のリン酸亜鉛・四水和物をIPAに溶かした絶縁被膜処理用溶液を作製した。続いて原料粉と前記絶縁被膜処理用溶液を混合し、乾燥させて軟磁性材料を作製した。
鉄を主成分とするコア粒子(原料粉)として、純鉄(ヘガネスAB社製、商品名:ABC100.30、平均粒径約100μm)を準備した。次に原料粉に対して0.2質量%のリン酸と、0.004質量%のリン酸亜鉛・四水和物をIPAに溶かした絶縁被膜処理用溶液を作製した。続いて原料粉と前記絶縁被膜処理用溶液を混合し、乾燥させて軟磁性材料を作製した。
鉄を主成分とするコア粒子(原料粉)として、純鉄(ヘガネスAB社製、商品名:ABC100.30、平均粒径約100μm)を準備した。次に原料粉に対して0.2質量%のリン酸と、0.004質量%のリン酸亜鉛・四水和物をIPAに溶かした絶縁被膜処理用溶液を作製した。続いて原料粉と前記絶縁被膜処理用溶液を混合し、乾燥させて軟磁性材料を作製した。
鉄を主成分とするコア粒子(原料粉)として、純鉄(ヘガネスAB社製、商品名:ABC100.30、平均粒径約100μm)を準備した。次に原料粉に対して0.2質量%のリン酸と、0.004質量%のリン酸亜鉛・四水和物をIPAに溶かした絶縁被膜処理用溶液を作製した。続いて原料粉と前記絶縁被膜処理用溶液を混合し、乾燥させて軟磁性材料を作製した。
1a コア粒子
1b 絶縁被膜層
2 ガラス部
3 接合部
Claims (5)
- 軟磁性粒子間にガラス部が点在している軟磁性圧粉磁芯において、
前記軟磁性粒子は、鉄を主成分とするコア粒子と、少なくともP、O、Feを有する絶縁被膜層を備え、
さらに、前記軟磁性粒子とガラス部の間に酸化鉄を主成分とする接合部を形成していることを特徴とする、軟磁性圧粉磁芯。 - 前記絶縁被膜層は、更にB、Na、Zn、Baの群から選択される少なくとも1つの元素を含む、
請求項1に記載の軟磁性圧粉磁芯。 - 前記ガラス部は、Bi、FeおよびPを含むことを特徴とする、
請求項1~2のいずれかに記載の軟磁性圧粉磁芯。 - 軟磁性圧粉磁芯はBiを含み、Bi量が0.05質量%以上4.00質量%以下である、
請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の軟磁性圧粉磁芯。 - 軟磁性圧粉磁芯の任意の断面積1.1mm2以上1.2mm2以下の範囲においてガラス部面積率が0.1%以上5.0%以下、かつガラス部の平均面積が10μm2以上40μm2である、
請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の軟磁性圧粉磁芯。
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