WO2013099589A1 - アンテナ装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013099589A1 WO2013099589A1 PCT/JP2012/082049 JP2012082049W WO2013099589A1 WO 2013099589 A1 WO2013099589 A1 WO 2013099589A1 JP 2012082049 W JP2012082049 W JP 2012082049W WO 2013099589 A1 WO2013099589 A1 WO 2013099589A1
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- antenna
- ground
- antenna element
- vehicle
- coaxial line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
- H01Q1/084—Pivotable antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3291—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted in or on other locations inside the vehicle or vehicle body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
- H01Q9/38—Vertical arrangement of element with counterpoise
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an antenna device suitable for receiving a broadcast signal in a moving body such as a car.
- a rod antenna attached outside the car or a film antenna that can be attached to a windshield or rear glass is often used.
- the signal level of the received signal fluctuates greatly due to the influence of fading, so diversity reception is performed for the purpose of compensating for the deterioration of the received signal due to the influence of fading. Often done. However, in order to perform diversity reception, it is necessary to provide a plurality of antennas.
- a film antenna that does not substantially affect the appearance is often selected rather than a rod antenna that deteriorates in appearance as the number increases.
- Patent Document 1 describes a technology that enables broadcast waves to be stably received by installing film antennas on four front, rear, left, and right surfaces of a vehicle.
- the user since it is difficult to attach the film antenna to the window, the user needs to ask a specialist to perform the installation in order to attach the film antenna in an appropriate position. In such a case, the user has to pay a separate labor cost in addition to the price of the film antenna.
- the film antenna uses a member that cannot be said to have good conductivity as the antenna element, and the antenna cable has a long length, so that the gain of the antenna is lower than that of a rod antenna or the like. It has become a thing.
- an amplifier is used in combination with many film antennas. However, the provision of an amplifier also causes problems such as increased power consumption and the need for a dedicated connector.
- This disclosure is intended to provide an antenna device that has good reception performance and is easy to install.
- An antenna device of the present disclosure includes an antenna element that receives a broadcast wave and a signal transmitted by being superimposed on the broadcast wave, and a ground element that has a predetermined length and is configured to be capable of adjusting a relative angle with the antenna element. With. Furthermore, the antenna element and the ground element are connected, and a power feeding unit is provided to extract a signal received by the antenna element.
- an antenna device with good reception performance and easy installation is provided.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing reception characteristics of the vehicle-mounted antenna according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein A is a graph showing a C / N ratio in a signal received by a conventional film antenna, and B is a vehicle-mounted antenna of the present disclosure. It is the graph which showed C / N ratio in the signal received by. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the vehicle-mounted antenna by the modification 1 of 1st Embodiment of this indication.
- FIG. 6 is a graph and table showing frequency-gain characteristics in the UHF band in the UHF band of the vehicle-mounted antenna according to the first modification of the first embodiment of the present disclosure, where A is a graph and B is when vertical polarization is received And C is a table showing the gain characteristics when vertical polarization is received.
- It is explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the vehicle-mounted antenna by the modification 2 of 1st Embodiment of this indication.
- 5 is a graph and a table showing frequency-gain characteristics in the UHF band of an in-vehicle antenna according to Modification 2 of the first embodiment of the present disclosure, where A is a graph, and B is a gain characteristic when vertical polarization is received.
- C is a table showing gain characteristics when vertical polarization is received.
- First embodiment an example in which an antenna element and a ground element are connected via a substrate
- Modification of first embodiment 2-1.
- Modification 1 of the first embodiment (example in which the antenna element is configured by a substrate)
- Modification 2 of the first embodiment (example in which the antenna element is configured by a substrate and a J-type antenna is configured by a ground portion and an antenna element different from the ground element) 2-3.
- Modification 3 of the first embodiment an example in which a plurality of antenna elements are provided and a connection portion with a ground element is shared
- Second embodiment example in which the ground element is constituted by a rod-shaped antenna
- Modified example of the second embodiment (example in which a plurality of ground elements constituted by rod antennas are provided) 4).
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of an in-vehicle antenna according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes an antenna element 10, a high-frequency transmission line 20, a ground element 30, and a coaxial line 40 as an antenna cable.
- the antenna element 10 is composed of a conductive wire such as a metal rod, and the signal pattern (signal line) 21 of the high-frequency transmission line 20 in which the antenna element 10 is composed of a coplanar line with a ground. Is connected.
- a coplanar line is a transmission line in which a signal line and a ground conductor exist on the same plane.
- the coplanar line with a ground is used for the high-frequency transmission line 20, and the signal pattern 22 and the ground conductor 23 (on the surface of the substrate 21 made of a plate-like dielectric material directly or via an insulating film). Ground conductor). Between the signal pattern 22 and the ground conductor 23, a slit 24, which is a linear gap, is provided with an appropriate width. The ground conductor 23 is also formed on the back surface of the substrate 21. The ground conductor 23 on the upper surface is usually connected to the ground conductor 23 through a through hole or the like and is configured to function as a ground.
- a ground element 30 made of a conductive wire such as a metal rod is connected to the ground conductor 23 on the substrate 21.
- the antenna element 10 and the ground element 30 constitute an antenna.
- the vehicle-mounted antenna 1 can receive a desired frequency.
- the antenna element 10 is set to 13 cm and the ground element 30 is set to 10 cm so that the frequency in the UHF band can be received.
- the core wire 41 of the coaxial line 40 is connected to the end of the signal pattern 22 on the substrate 21 opposite to the side where the antenna element 10 is connected, and the end of the ground conductor 23 is connected to the coaxial line. 40 external conductors 43 are connected. That is, the coaxial wire 40 has a state in which the protective coating 44 and the outer conductor 43 are removed at the tip portion, and the derivative 42 and the core wire 41 are exposed.
- the feeding point Fp of the in-vehicle antenna 1 according to the present embodiment is a portion where the antenna element 10 protrudes in the left direction in the drawing with respect to the ground conductor 23. That is, the feeding point Fp is formed at a portion where the antenna element 10 and the signal pattern 22 are connected.
- connection portion 50 where the antenna element 10, the ground element 30, and the coaxial line 40 are connected to the high-frequency transmission line 20 is molded by a resin 51 such as an elastomer. That is, the resin 51 is formed so as to cover the substrate 21, the signal pattern 22, and the ground conductor 23.
- a coaxial connector 45 is attached to the end of the coaxial line 40 opposite to the side connected to the connecting portion 50.
- a ferrite core 60 as a high frequency attenuation member is provided in the middle of the coaxial line 40.
- Providing the ferrite core 60 prevents radio waves from being placed on the outer conductor 43 of the coaxial line 40 between the ferrite core 60 and the coaxial connector 45.
- the image current and noise received by the antenna element 10 flow to the external conductor 43 between the connection portion 50 and the ferrite core 60. That is, this part functions as the ground of the antenna element 10. Thereby, it can prevent that the external conductor 43 of the coaxial line 40 becomes an antenna, and the electromagnetic wave of the frequency which is not intended is induced.
- the portion that functions as the ground of the antenna is widened, the reception characteristics of the antenna element 10 are improved.
- the position on the coaxial line 40 where the ferrite core 60 is provided can be adjusted to an arbitrary position according to the frequency to be received. In the present embodiment, by providing the ferrite core 60 at a position 7 cm away from the connection portion 50, noise and image current riding on the antenna element 10 can be best removed.
- the feeding point Fp of the in-vehicle antenna 1 is configured at a position where the signal pattern 22 of the substrate 21 and the antenna element 10 are connected.
- the reception frequency can be determined by adjusting the impedance of the feed point Fp according to the insertion position of the ferrite core 60 and the length of the antenna element 10.
- FIG. 2 shows the frequency-gain characteristics when the UHF band broadcast is received by the vehicle-mounted antenna 1 shown in FIG.
- the coaxial wire 40 shown in FIG. 1 has a length of 3 m.
- FIG. 2A is a graph, and data is shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C.
- the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz), and the vertical axis represents peak gain (dBd).
- the solid line in the graph indicates the gain characteristic at the time of horizontal polarization reception, and the broken line indicates the gain characteristic at the time of vertical polarization reception.
- FIG. 2B shows data showing frequency-gain characteristics at the time of vertical polarization reception
- FIG. 2C shows data showing frequency-gain characteristics at the time of horizontal polarization reception.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C it was confirmed that in the UHF band of 470 MHz to 870 MHz, gain characteristics of approximately ⁇ 10 dB or more were obtained in the horizontal polarization that is the main polarization of television broadcasting.
- FIG. 3 shows the C / N ratio (Carrier to Noise Ratio) in the received signal before demodulation in comparison with that in the conventional film antenna.
- FIG. 3A is a graph showing a C / N ratio of a received signal when a vehicle-mounted antenna 1 receives a UHF band signal (center frequency 475 MHz), and FIG. 3B receives a UHF band signal with a conventional film antenna. It is a graph which shows the C / N ratio of the received signal in the case of doing.
- a conventional film antenna using an amplifier that increases the level of the received signal by 15 dB was used.
- 3A and 3B the horizontal axis indicates the frequency (MHz), and the vertical axis indicates the signal level (dBm).
- the noise floor is a value around ⁇ 122 dBm as shown by a broken line, and the signal level is shown as a dashed line— The value is around 105 dBm.
- the signal level rises to around ⁇ 88 dBm.
- the noise floor also rises to around -108 dBm. That is, in FIG.
- the C / N ratio indicated by the distance between the alternate long and short dash line indicating the noise floor level and the broken line indicating the signal level is not much different from the C / N ratio in the in-vehicle antenna 1 shown in FIG. 3A. . Rather, the C / N ratio in the in-vehicle antenna 1 shown in FIG. 3A is slightly better depending on the frequency.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an arrangement example of the vehicle-mounted antenna 1 on the vehicle body.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which two in-vehicle antennas 1 are arranged at the right end and the left end of the dashboard 102 in contact with the lower side of the car windshield 101.
- the antenna element 10 extends straight on the dashboard 102 so as to be parallel to the lower side of the windshield 101, and the ground element 30 extends along the left and right sides of the windshield 101. It is made to
- a coaxial connector 45 provided at the tip of each coaxial line 40 of the left and right vehicle-mounted antennas 1 is attached to the PND 200.
- a receiver 210 is configured inside the PND 200, and the receiver 210 performs diversity reception and demodulates the received signal. In the present embodiment, for example, a spatial diversity maximum ratio combining method is used as diversity reception.
- the signal demodulated by the receiver 210 is displayed on the screen of the display unit 220 including a liquid crystal display.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1 By arranging the in-vehicle antenna 1 in this manner, the metal body of the car at the end of the windshield 101 and the ground element 30 of the in-vehicle antenna 1 are capacitively coupled, and the ground of the antenna is widened. Thereby, the level of the received signal at the vehicle-mounted antenna 1 is improved, and further, the reception characteristics during traveling are also improved.
- the portion that functions as the ground of the antenna is expanded by capacitively coupling the ground element 30 and the metal part of the vehicle body, so that reception equal to or higher than that of a conventional film antenna is achieved. It becomes possible to obtain characteristics.
- a metal member having good conductivity can be used as the material of the antenna element 10.
- the length of the antenna cable (coaxial line 40) can be shortened.
- the number of antennas can be easily increased, diversity reception can also be performed. This makes it possible to receive full-segment broadcasts, so that high-definition characters and video can be displayed neatly even on a device with a relatively large screen size such as PND200.
- the in-vehicle antennas are not arranged on the surface of the windshield 101, and thus visibility during driving is not hindered.
- the appearance of the vehicle does not deteriorate.
- the antenna element 10 and the ground element 30 of the in-vehicle antenna 1 are arranged on the dashboard 102 of the car, but they may be fixed by a clamper or the like.
- the antenna element 10 and the ground element 30 are connected via the high-frequency transmission line 20 configured by a coplanar line with a ground.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- Other high-frequency transmission lines such as a microstrip line may be used.
- the antenna element 10 and the ground element 30 may be directly connected to the coaxial line 40 without using the high-frequency transmission line 20.
- the antenna element 10 is connected to the core wire 41 of the coaxial line 40
- the ground element 30 is connected to the outer conductor 43 of the coaxial line 40.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of the first modification.
- portions corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are denoted with the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the antenna element 10a is configured by a substrate made of a flat conductor.
- a substrate having the same width (for example, 15 mm) from end to end of the two ground conductors 23 and having a length in the longitudinal direction of 115 mm and having no ground on the back surface is provided on the substrate 21.
- the end of the signal pattern 22 on the substrate 21 refers to a side where the core wire 41 of the coaxial line 40 and the ground element 30 are not connected.
- FIG. 6 is a graph and a table showing frequency-gain characteristics when a UHF band broadcast is received by the in-vehicle antenna 1A of the present embodiment.
- the length of the coaxial line 40 was 1.5 m.
- FIG. 6A is a graph, and data is shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C.
- the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz), and the vertical axis represents peak gain (dBd).
- the solid line in the graph indicates the gain characteristic at the time of horizontal polarization reception, and the broken line indicates the gain characteristic at the time of vertical polarization reception.
- FIG. 6B is data showing frequency-gain characteristics at the time of vertical polarization reception
- FIG. 6C is data showing frequency-gain characteristics at the time of horizontal polarization reception.
- width variety of the antenna element 10a the same width
- the width may be wider than this, and widening allows currents of various frequencies to flow through the antenna element 10a, so that reception characteristics on the high frequency side in particular can be further improved.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of Modification 2 of the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- portions corresponding to those in FIGS. 1 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1B shown in FIG. 7 differs from the in-vehicle antenna 1A shown in FIG. 6 in that the ground conductor 23 on the substrate 21 is extended to provide a second ground element 30a different from the ground element 30. It is a point.
- the second ground element 30a is arranged in parallel with the antenna element 10b and separated from the antenna element 10a by a predetermined distance, and its length in the longitudinal direction is shorter than the length of the antenna element 10b. With this configuration, the antenna element 10a and the second ground element 30a constitute a J-type antenna.
- the antenna element 10a is 130 mm long ⁇ 8 mm wide, and the second ground element 30a is 85 mm long ⁇ 3 mm wide. Then, the distance between the antenna element 10a and the second ground element 30a is set so that the signals received by the antenna element 10a and the second ground element 30a can be isolated.
- FIG. 8 is a graph and a table showing frequency-gain characteristics when a UHF band broadcast is received by the vehicle-mounted antenna 1B of the present embodiment.
- the length of the ground element 30 was 100 mm, and the length of the coaxial line 40 was 1.5 m.
- FIG. 8A is a graph, and data is shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency (MHz), and the vertical axis indicates the peak gain (dBd).
- the solid line in the graph indicates the gain characteristic at the time of horizontal polarization reception, and the broken line indicates the gain characteristic at the time of vertical polarization reception.
- FIG. 8B is data showing frequency-gain characteristics at the time of vertical polarization reception, and FIG.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C is data showing frequency-gain characteristics at the time of horizontal polarization reception.
- a gain characteristic of ⁇ 8 dB or more can be obtained in both vertical polarization and horizontal polarization particularly in a high frequency portion around 670 MHz to 750 MHz.
- good characteristics of ⁇ 5 dB or more can be obtained. That is, it can be seen that the reception characteristics are greatly improved as compared with the gain characteristics in the vehicle-mounted antennas of the above-described embodiments.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1B of the present embodiment also performed a field test for evaluating the running characteristics.
- a field test is performed by attaching both a conventional film antenna and the in-vehicle antenna 1B of the present embodiment to one car, and traveling in a weak electric field area and an area affected by fading because the radio wave is weak due to the shadow of the building. It was. Then, by viewing the video of a predetermined broadcast wave received by each antenna with two PNDs, it was confirmed how block noise appeared in the video. That is, the length of the interval at which block noise occurs, the appearance of the generated block noise, and the like were compared.
- the area where the field test was conducted is around the Ishikawadai area in Ota-ku, Tokyo, about 10 km from Tokyo Tower, the source of broadcast waves, and around Musashishinjo, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, about 5 km away from the southwest. Is the region with the west end. The northern end is around Todoroki, Setagaya-ku, and the southern end is around Shin-Maruko, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki City.
- the film antenna As the film antenna, two antennas for diversity reception were provided, and each was attached to the upper right and upper left of the windshield.
- two in-vehicle antennas 1B (see FIG. 7) were similarly provided, arranged at the right end portion and the left end portion on the dashboard, respectively, and the ground elements 30 were fitted along the pillars of the left and right vehicle bodies.
- the reception channel was TOKYO MX (physical channel: UHF band 20ch, center frequency: 515 MHz, transmission output: 3 kW). The weather on the day of the field test was clear.
- the antenna element 10a is disposed on the coaxial line 40 side and the second ground element 30a is disposed above the antenna element 10a.
- the configuration is not limited to this. It is good also as arrangement of. That is, the second ground element 30a may be disposed on the coaxial line 40 side, and the antenna element 10a may be disposed above the second ground element 30a.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1C shown in FIG. 9 has two antenna elements made of a linear metal member, and the ground element 30 is shared by the two antenna elements.
- the antenna element 10-1 and the antenna element 10-2 are arranged in different directions so that the correlation of reception conditions between the two antennas becomes as small as possible.
- the substrate 21b is provided with two sets of the signal pattern 22 and the ground conductor 23, and the antenna element 10-1 and the antenna element 10-2 are connected to different signal patterns 22, respectively.
- a coaxial line 40-1 for the antenna element 10-1 and a coaxial line 40-2 for the antenna element 10-2 are separately provided on the side of the signal pattern 22 where the antenna element is not attached. ing.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1C need only be arranged on one side on the dashboard (not shown). Also, when diversity reception is performed using four antenna elements, it is only necessary to place two on-vehicle antennas 1C on both sides of the dashboard. Moreover, according to the vehicle-mounted antenna 1C of the present embodiment, an effect equivalent to the effect obtained in each of the embodiments described above can be obtained.
- the antenna element 10-1 and the antenna element 10-2 are configured by the same member (metal member), but the present invention is not limited to this.
- one of the two antenna elements may be formed with a substrate, and the other may be configured with a metal wire.
- the antenna element constituted by the substrate is arranged horizontally with respect to the dashboard, and the other is constituted by a linear metal member and arranged vertically so that the correlation between both antenna elements is further reduced. can do.
- In-vehicle antenna 1D includes antenna element 10b and ground element 30b configured as a rod antenna (bar-shaped antenna).
- the rod antenna that functions as the ground element 30b for example, a rod antenna that can adjust the angle (relative position) between the antenna portion and its supporting portion to an arbitrary angle is used.
- the antenna element 10b and the ground element 30b are connected via the above-described high-frequency transmission line (not shown) or the like, and the connection portion is covered with a resin case.
- a rotation mechanism 31 formed of a ⁇ 3.5 earphone jack is provided at a connection portion between the ground element 30b and the substrate of the high-frequency transmission line, and the ground element 30b is inserted into the rotation mechanism 31 by inserting the ground element 30b.
- the angle with respect to the antenna element 10b can be adjusted to an arbitrary angle.
- the distance between the ground element 30b and the vehicle body can be adjusted to an arbitrary distance. That is, since the ground element 30b can be disposed at a position where the capacitive coupling generated between the vehicle body and the vehicle body is optimal, the antenna characteristics can be easily improved. Further, regardless of the angle of the pillar with respect to the ground, the angle of the ground element 30b can be adjusted to the angle, so the vehicle-mounted antenna 1D can be attached without selecting the vehicle body.
- the rotation mechanism 31 is formed of an earphone jack has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a dedicated rotation mechanism 31 may be created.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1D shown in FIG. 10 in which the antenna element 10b and the ground element 30b are configured by rod antennas may be configured as a J-type antenna.
- a configuration example of the in-vehicle antenna 1E configured as described above is illustrated in FIG. Similar to the configuration shown in FIG. 7, a second ground element 30c is provided separately from the ground element 30b. The second ground element 30c is arranged in parallel with the antenna element 10b and at a predetermined distance from the antenna element 10a, and the length in the longitudinal direction is shorter than the length of the antenna element 10b. .
- an image current having a frequency received by the antenna element 10a can flow through the second ground element 30c, and a current corresponding to the length of the ground element 30c can also flow through the antenna element side.
- the band that can be received can be expanded.
- FIG. 12 is a graph and table showing frequency-gain characteristics when a UHF band broadcast is received by the in-vehicle antenna 1E (see FIG. 11) of the present embodiment.
- the length of the ground element 30 was 120 mm, and the length of the coaxial line 40 was 1.5 m.
- the length of the antenna element 10b is 130 mm, the length of the second ground element 30c is 85 mm, and the angle between the antenna element 10b and the second ground element 30c is 135 °.
- FIG. 12A is a graph, and data is shown in FIGS. 12B and 12C.
- the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz), and the vertical axis represents peak gain (dBd).
- the solid line in the graph indicates the gain characteristic at the time of horizontal polarization reception, and the broken line indicates the gain characteristic at the time of vertical polarization reception.
- FIG. 12B shows data indicating frequency-gain characteristics at the time of vertical polarization reception
- FIG. 12C shows data indicating frequency-gain characteristics at the time of horizontal polarization reception. As shown in FIGS.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1 receives a radio wave in the UHF band is taken as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention is also applicable to antennas that receive other frequencies, for example, VHF bands.
- the in-vehicle antenna 1 does not have an amplifier.
- the amplifier may be provided on the high-frequency transmission line 20 configured as a coplanar line. By providing the amplifier, the front and the rear of the insertion position of the amplifier are separated in high frequency, so that it is not necessary to insert the ferrite core 60 into the coaxial line 40.
- the vehicle-mounted antenna 1 and the navigation device such as the PND 200 are connected via the coaxial line 40 is given.
- the vehicle-mounted antenna 1 may be incorporated in the PND 200.
- an antenna element may be embedded above the display screen on the housing and the ground element 30 may be rotatably provided on the upper right or upper left of the housing.
- the present invention is not limited to this. You may comprise so that attachment to portable apparatuses, such as a mobile telephone terminal and a tablet terminal.
- the ground element 30 may be inserted into a terminal such as a Micro USB (USB micro B terminal), and the antenna that is normally provided in the terminal is used as it is without providing the antenna element 10. You may do it.
- this indication can also take the following structures.
- An antenna apparatus comprising: a power feeding unit that connects the antenna element and the ground element and extracts a signal received by the antenna element.
- the length in the longitudinal direction of the antenna element and the ground element is such that the sum of the length of the antenna element and the length of the ground element is approximately ⁇ / 2 of the wavelength of the radio wave desired to be received.
- the antenna device according to any one of (1) to (3) which is adjusted accordingly.
- the antenna device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the antenna element and the second antenna element are arranged in different directions.
- the antenna element is connected to the conductive portion of the substrate having a conductive portion and a ground portion, and the conductive portion of the substrate is used for the first conductive portion for the antenna element and the second antenna element.
- the antenna device according to any one of the above.
- the antenna device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein a coaxial line is connected to the power feeding unit, and a high-frequency attenuation unit that attenuates a high-frequency current is provided in the middle of the coaxial line.
- the antenna element is connected to the conductive portion of a substrate having a conductive portion and a ground portion, and the ground element is connected to the ground portion of the substrate.
- the antenna device according to 1.
- (11) The antenna device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the antenna element is connected to a core wire of the coaxial line, and the ground element is connected to an outer conductor of the coaxial line.
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Abstract
Description
2.第1の実施の形態の変形例
2-1.第1の実施の形態の変形例1(アンテナエレメントを基板で構成した例)
2-2.第1の実施の形態の変形例2(アンテナエレメントを基板で構成し、グランドエレメントとは異なるグランド部とアンテナエレメントとでJ型アンテナを構成した例)
2-3.第1の実施の形態の変形例3(アンテナエレメントを複数設けて、グランドエレメントとの接続部を共有する例)
3.第2の実施の形態例(グランドエレメントを棒状アンテナで構成した例)
3-1.第2の実施の形態の変形例(棒状アンテナで構成したグランドエレメントを複数設けた例)
4.各種変形例
図1は、本開示の第1の実施の形態による車載アンテナの構成例を示す概略図である。図1に示す車載アンテナ1は、アンテナエレメント10と、高周波伝送線路20と、グランドエレメント30と、アンテナケーブルとしての同軸線40とを含む。本実施の形態では、アンテナエレメント10を金属のロッド等の導電性の線材で構成しており、アンテナエレメント10を、グランド付きコプレーナラインで構成した高周波伝送線路20の、信号パターン(信号線路)21に接続させている。コプレーナラインとは、信号線路と接地導体とが同一平面上に存在する伝送線路である。
次に、上述した第1の実施の形態の変形例による車載アンテナ1Aの構成例について、図5~図9を参照して説明する。
[2-1.変形例1]
図5は、変形例1の構成例を示す概略図である。図5において、図1と対応する箇所には同一の符号を付してあり、重複する説明は省略する。図5に示した車載アンテナ1Aにおいて、図1に示した車載アンテナ1と異なる点は、アンテナエレメント10aを平板状の導体よりなる基板で構成した点である。
図7は、本開示の第1の実施の形態の変形例2の構成例を示す概略図である。図7において、図1および図6と対応する箇所には同一の符号を付してあり、重複する説明は省略する。図7に示した車載アンテナ1Bにおいて、図6に示した車載アンテナ1Aと異なる点は、基板21上のグランド導体23を延伸させて、グランドエレメント30とは別の第2のグランドエレメント30aを設けた点である。
次に、本実施の形態の変形例3による車載アンテナ1Cの構成例について、図9を参照して説明する。図9において、図1,図5,図7に対応する箇所には同一の符号を付してあり、重複する説明は省略する。図9に示した車載アンテナ1Cは、線状の金属部材よりなるアンテナエレメントを2本有し、グランドエレメント30を2本のアンテナエレメントが共有する構成としたものである。アンテナエレメント10-1とアンテナエレメント10-2は、2本のアンテナ間での受信状況の相関ができるだけ小さくなるように、互いに異なる方向に向けて配置している。
次に、本開示の第2の実施の形態による車載アンテナの構成例について、図10を参照して説明する。図10において、図1,図5,図7,図9に対応する箇所には同一の符号を付してあり、重複する説明は省略する。本実施の形態による車載アンテナ1Dは、アンテナエレメント10bとグランドエレメント30bとをロッドアンテナ(棒状アンテナ)で構成している。
なお、図10に示した、アンテナエレメント10bおよびグランドエレメント30bをロッドアンテナで構成した車載アンテナ1Dを、J型アンテナとして構成してもよい。このように構成した車載アンテナ1Eの構成例を、図11に示している。図7に示した構成と同様に、グランドエレメント30bとは別に第2のグランドエレメント30cを設けてある。そして、第2のグランドエレメント30cを、アンテナエレメント10bと平行に、かつアンテナエレメント10aと所定の間隔だけ離して配置し、その長手方向の長さを、アンテナエレメント10bの長さよりも短くしてある。
なお、上述した各実施の形態では車載アンテナ1がUHF帯の電波を受信する場合を例に挙げているが、これに限定されるものではない。他の周波数、例えばVHF帯を受信するアンテナにも適用可能である。
(1)放送波および前記放送波に重畳して伝送された信号を受信するアンテナエレメントと、
所定の長さを有し、前記アンテナエレメントとの相対位置を調整可能に構成したグランドエレメントと、
前記アンテナエレメントと前記グランドエレメントとが接続され、前記アンテナエレメントが受信した信号が取り出される給電部とを備えたアンテナ装置。
(2)前記アンテナエレメントおよび前記グランドエレメントは、導電性の部材で構成される(1)に記載のアンテナ装置。
(3)前記グランドエレメントと前記アンテナエレメントとの相対位置関係に応じて、前記グランドエレメントと、当該アンテナ装置が設置される車の車体の金属部分との間で発生する容量結合の結合容量の大きさが変化する(1)または(2)に記載のアンテナ装置。
(4)前記アンテナエレメントおよび前記グランドエレメントの長手方向の長さは、前記アンテナエレメントの長さと前記グランドエレメントの長さとを足した長さが、受信したい電波の波長の略λ/2となる長さに調整される(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
(5)前記アンテナエレメントと略並行に配置され、前記アンテナエレメントが有する長さよりも短い長さを有し、前記給電部に接続された第2のグランドエレメントをさらに有する(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
(6)前記給電部には同軸線が接続され、前記アンテナエレメントとは異なる第2のアンテナエレメントをさらに有する(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
(7)前記アンテナエレメントと前記第2のアンテナエレメントとは、互いに異なる方向に向けて配置される(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
(8)前記アンテナエレメントは、導電部とグランド部とを有する基板の前記導電部に接続され、前記基板の導電部は前記アンテナエレメント用の第1の導電部と前記第2のアンテナエレメント用の第2の導電部を有し、前記第1の導電部は前記同軸線に接続され、前記第2の導電部は前記同軸線とは異なる第2の同軸線に接続される(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
(9)前記給電部には同軸線が接続され、前記同軸線の途中には、高周波電流を減衰させる高周波減衰部が設けられる(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
(10)前記アンテナエレメントは、導電部とグランド部とを有する基板の前記導電部に接続され、前記グランドエレメントは、前記基板の前記グランド部と接続される(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
(11)前記アンテナエレメントは、前記同軸線の芯線に接続され、前記グランドエレメントは、前記同軸線の外部導体に接続される(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のアンテナ装置。
Claims (11)
- 放送波および前記放送波に重畳して伝送された信号を受信するアンテナエレメントと、
所定の長さを有し、前記アンテナエレメントとの相対位置を調整可能に構成したグランドエレメントと、
前記アンテナエレメントと前記グランドエレメントとが接続され、前記アンテナエレメントが受信した信号が取り出される給電部とを備えた
アンテナ装置。 - 前記アンテナエレメントおよび前記グランドエレメントは、導電性の部材で構成される
請求項1に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記グランドエレメントと前記アンテナエレメントとの相対位置関係に応じて、前記グランドエレメントと、当該アンテナ装置が設置される車の車体の金属部分との間で発生する容量結合の結合容量の大きさが変化する
請求項2に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記アンテナエレメントおよび前記グランドエレメントの長手方向の長さは、前記アンテナエレメントの長さと前記グランドエレメントの長さとを足した長さが、受信したい電波の波長の略λ/2となる長さに調整されている
請求項3に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記アンテナエレメントと略並行に配置され、前記アンテナエレメントが有する長さよりも短い長さを有し、前記給電部に接続された第2のグランドエレメントをさらに有する
請求項4に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記給電部には同軸線が接続され、前記アンテナエレメントとは異なる第2のアンテナエレメントをさらに有する
請求項4に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記アンテナエレメントと前記第2のアンテナエレメントとは、互いに異なる方向に向けて配置される
請求項6に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記アンテナエレメントは、導電部とグランド部とを有する基板の前記導電部に接続され、前記基板の導電部は前記アンテナエレメント用の第1の導電部と前記第2のアンテナエレメント用の第2の導電部を有し、前記第1の導電部は前記同軸線に接続され、前記第2の導電部は前記同軸線とは異なる第2の同軸線に接続される
請求項7に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記同軸線の途中には、高周波電流を減衰させる高周波減衰部が設けられる
請求項4に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記アンテナエレメントは、導電部とグランド部とを有する基板の前記導電部に接続され、前記グランドエレメントは、前記基板の前記グランド部と接続される
請求項4に記載のアンテナ装置。 - 前記アンテナエレメントは、前記同軸線の芯線に接続され、前記グランドエレメントは、前記同軸線の外部導体に接続される
請求項4に記載のアンテナ装置。
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CN201280063591.6A CN104011936B (zh) | 2011-12-28 | 2012-12-11 | 天线装置 |
RU2014125273/08A RU2014125273A (ru) | 2011-12-28 | 2012-12-11 | Антенное устройство |
US14/364,318 US9786983B2 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2012-12-11 | Antenna device |
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