WO2013086765A1 - 一种镁改性超稳稀土y型分子筛及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种镁改性超稳稀土y型分子筛及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2013086765A1
WO2013086765A1 PCT/CN2012/000506 CN2012000506W WO2013086765A1 WO 2013086765 A1 WO2013086765 A1 WO 2013086765A1 CN 2012000506 W CN2012000506 W CN 2012000506W WO 2013086765 A1 WO2013086765 A1 WO 2013086765A1
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exchange
rare earth
molecular sieve
magnesium
stable
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PCT/CN2012/000506
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English (en)
French (fr)
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高雄厚
张海涛
段宏昌
刘超伟
李荻
李雪礼
谭争国
郑云锋
黄校亮
蔡进军
张晨曦
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中国石油天然气股份有限公司
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Priority to US14/365,432 priority Critical patent/US9840422B2/en
Priority to EP12858105.5A priority patent/EP2792408B1/en
Publication of WO2013086765A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013086765A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B39/00Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
    • C01B39/02Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
    • C01B39/20Faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
    • C01B39/24Type Y
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/08Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
    • B01J29/084Y-type faujasite
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/08Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
    • B01J29/085Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
    • B01J29/088Y-type faujasite
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/80Mixtures of different zeolites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/40Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/66Pore distribution
    • B01J35/69Pore distribution bimodal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/30Ion-exchange
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B39/00Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
    • C01B39/02Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
    • C01B39/026After-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G11/02Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G11/04Oxides
    • C10G11/05Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/10After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
    • B01J2229/18After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/10After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
    • B01J2229/18After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
    • B01J2229/186After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself not in framework positions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/30After treatment, characterised by the means used
    • B01J2229/40Special temperature treatment, i.e. other than just for template removal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/30After treatment, characterised by the means used
    • B01J2229/42Addition of matrix or binder particles

Definitions

  • Magnesium modified ultra-stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve and preparation method thereof Magnesium modified ultra-stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve and preparation method thereof
  • the invention relates to a magnesium modified ultra-stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve and a preparation method thereof, and more particularly to a magnesium modified ultra-stable rare earth Y molecular sieve and a preparation method thereof for improving light oil yield. Background technique
  • Catalytic cracking unit is an important secondary processing method for crude oil. Its comprehensive product distribution, especially the high value-added light oil yield determines the economic benefits of the refinery. In recent years, the FCC catalyst is required as the heavy oil product tends to become heavier. Has a higher light oil yield. As a key active component in determining the selectivity of heavy oil cracking catalysts, Y-type molecular sieves with selective product selectivity and high activity stability have been the core technical issues in the field of catalysis.
  • Patent CN1683474A describes a preparation method for improving the target product diesel yield cocatalyst, which is characterized by in-situ crystallization of 900 or more calcined kaolin into Y-type zeolite promoter, followed by exchange of magnesium, rare earth and/or ammonium salts. The catalyst is thus obtained to obtain a high diesel yield, and the method does not describe the stability.
  • Patent CN1217231A describes a preparation method for improving the target product diesel oil yield phosphorus-containing faujasite catalyst, which is described by faujasite with or without rare earth, Na 2 0 and less than 5% by weight, and phosphorus-containing compound.
  • the aqueous solution was uniformly mixed, allowed to stand for 0-8 hours, dried, and calcined to obtain a phosphorus-containing faujasite. Then, a catalyst having a high diesel yield was prepared by a semi-synthesis process, and the stability was not described.
  • the NaY molecular sieve modification methods are roughly classified into three types: First, the NaY molecular sieve is first exchanged with a small amount of rare earth ions and ammonium ions, and after roasting, rare earth ions or ammonium ions or dealumination treatment are used to prepare REUSY molecular sieves (US3595611). US4218307, CN87104086.7); Secondly, the NaY molecular sieve is first made into USY molecular sieve, then the rare earth is prepared to prepare REUSY (ZL200510114495.1. ZL200410029875.0); Third, a certain precipitant is introduced in the rare earth modification process of NaY molecular sieve.
  • the Y-type molecular sieve modification method is described in the U.S. Patent No. 5,340,957 and U.S. Patent No. 4,584,287, which is based on NaY molecular sieves, exchanged with rare earth and/or W elements, and then hydrothermally treated to obtain high Stability ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular sieve, this method does not explain the rare earth ion localization and grain dispersion.
  • Chinese patent ZL97122039.5 describes a preparation method of ultra-stable Y zeolite, which comprises contacting a Y-type zeolite with an acid solution and a solution containing ammonium ions, and performing high-temperature steam treatment.
  • the acid is used in an amount of 1.5 to 6 moles of hydrogen ion per mole of the framework aluminum, the acid solution concentration is 0.1 to 5 equivalents per liter, and the temperature at which the Y zeolite is contacted with the acid solution is 5 to 100 ⁇ , and the contact time is 0.5 to 72 hours, Y type.
  • the weight ratio of zeolite to ammonium ion is from 2 to 20.
  • the modification method involved in the patent requires the addition of an ammonium ion-containing solution for the purpose of reducing the sodium oxide content in the molecular sieve or reducing the damage of the molecular gas structure by the acid gas during the calcination process, but the technique has the following technical defects: 1) Preparation The process adds a large amount of ammonium ions, and the ammonium ions finally enter the atmosphere or sewage, increasing the ammonia nitrogen pollution and pollution control costs; 2) The patented method cannot effectively solve the problem of molecular sieve particle agglomeration, and the particle agglomeration reduces the specific surface and pore volume of the molecular sieve.
  • the patent also mentions that the contact of the cerium type zeolite with the ammonium ion-containing solution may be followed by or after
  • the ion exchange method introduces rare earth ions.
  • the ammonium ions compete with the rare earth ions.
  • the ammonium ions preferentially occupy the rare earth ion sites, increase the resistance of the rare earth ions to enter the molecular sieve cage, and reduce the rare earth ions. Utilization rate.
  • Chinese patent ZL02103909.7 describes a preparation method of rare earth-containing ultra-stable cerium molecular sieve, which is prepared by subjecting NaY molecular sieve to one-time roasting once, and is characterized in that NaY molecular sieve is placed in an ammonium ion-containing solution at 25 ⁇ 100 ⁇ chemical dealuminization treatment, the chemical dealumination complexing agent contains oxalic acid and/or oxalate, the treatment time is 0.5 ⁇ 5 hours, then the rare earth solution is added, stirred, and the rare earth precipitate containing rare earth oxalate is formed and filtered. The mixture is washed with water to form a filter cake, and then hydrothermally treated to obtain a molecular sieve product.
  • the molecular sieve prepared by the method has certain anti-vanadium pollution ability, its activity stability and cracking activity are low, which cannot meet the development trend of heavy oil quality and poor quality.
  • This is mainly related to the positional distribution of rare earth ions in the molecular sieve super cage and sodalite cage during molecular sieve modification.
  • the method clarifies that the rare earth ions exist in the molecular sieve system in two forms, that is, some rare earth ions enter the sodalite cage in the form of ions, and the other rare earth ions are rare earth oxides (the precursor is rare earth oxalate, which is converted into oxidation by subsequent calcination).
  • Chinese Patent No. 200510114495.1 describes a method for increasing the rare earth content of ultra-stable Y-type zeolite by using an ultra-stable zeolitic zeolite and an acid solution having a concentration of 0.01 to 2 Torr in a liquid-solid ratio of 4 to 20 at a ratio of 20 to 100.
  • the mixture is thoroughly mixed under the temperature range of °C, washed and filtered for 10 to 300 minutes, and then rare earth ion exchange is carried out by adding a rare earth salt solution, followed by washing, filtering, and drying to obtain a rare earth super-stable Y-type zeolite.
  • the invention uses a water-type ultra-stable roasting Y-type molecular sieve as a raw material, and performs secondary exchange and secondary roasting chemical modification, and does not involve molecular sieve particle dispersibility research.
  • Chinese patent CN200410029875.0 introduces a preparation method of rare earth ultra-stable Y-type zeolite, which is characterized in that firstly, NaY molecular sieve is ion-exchanged with an inorganic ammonium salt solution, and then subjected to water vapor ultra-stable treatment to obtain "one-to-one baking".
  • the Y-type molecular sieve modification methods provided by the above patents do not specify the precise positioning of the rare earth ions, which leads to the instability and structural stability of the Y-type molecular sieve prepared by the prior art cannot be adapted to the heavy-weight and poor quality of the raw material oil.
  • the present invention adopts the rare earth ion precise positioning technology to prepare a Y-type molecular sieve with high activity stability and structural stability, and is modified by magnesium element to regulate it. It has a suitable acidity to control the proportion of different reactions in the cracking process and increase the yield of light oil. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high activity stability magnesium modified ultra-stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve and a preparation method thereof, which provide the molecular sieve target product with high selectivity, high activity stability and structural stability, and low coke yield. It has strong capacity for heavy oil conversion and heavy metal resistance. At the same time, the method has the characteristics of simple preparation process, high utilization rate of modified elements and low ammonia nitrogen pollution.
  • the magnesium modified ultra-stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve provided by the invention is characterized in that the molecular sieve contains 0.2 to 5 wt% of magnesium oxide, 1 to 20 wt% of rare earth oxide, sodium oxide is not more than 1.2 wt%, and crystallinity is 46 to 63%.
  • the unit cell parameters are 2.454 nm to 2.471 nm.
  • the preparation process of the molecular sieve includes rare earth exchange, dispersion pre-exchange and magnesium salt exchange modification, wherein the magnesium salt exchange modification is carried out after rare earth exchange and dispersion pre-exchange; rare earth exchange and dispersion pre-pretreatment The order of exchange is not limited.
  • the rare earth exchange and dispersion pre-exchange are carried out continuously without a roasting process.
  • Dispersion pre-exchange refers to the molecular sieve slurry. The concentration is adjusted to a solid content of 80 to 400 g / L, 0.2% by weight to 7 wt% of a dispersant is added for dispersion pre-exchange, the exchange temperature is 0 to 100 ° C, and the exchange time is 0.1 to 1.5 hours; the dispersion pre-exchange process
  • the dispersing agent is selected from the group consisting of tianjing powder, boric acid, urea, ethanol, polyacrylamide, acetic acid, oxalic acid, adipic acid, formic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid, benzoic acid, and starch. Or a variety; no ammonium salt is used in the rare earth exchange, dispersion pre-exchange.
  • the invention further provides a more specific preparation method of the magnesium modified ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular sieve, which is prepared by using NaY molecular sieve (preferably having a silicon-aluminum ratio greater than 4.0 and a crystallinity greater than 70%), after rare earth exchange, dispersion pre-exchange and The first calcination, the "one-and-one-baked” rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve is obtained, and the "one-and-one-baked” rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve is subjected to ammonium salt exchange to reduce sodium, magnesium salt exchange modification and second calcination, thereby obtaining magnesium.
  • NaY molecular sieve preferably having a silicon-aluminum ratio greater than 4.0 and a crystallinity greater than 70%
  • Modified ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular sieve wherein the order of addition of magnesium salt and ammonium salt is not limited, and the second calcination is carried out after ammonium salt exchange and sodium reduction, and the magnesium salt exchange modification can be performed before the second calcination This can also be carried out after the second calcination, and can also be carried out simultaneously before and after the second calcination.
  • the preparation method of the molecular sieve proposed in the invention is preferably "one-to-one baking” to obtain ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve, "one-to-one baking” ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve and then obtained through the second exchange and the second baking. "Two cross two baking" ultra-stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve.
  • the molecular sieve can be washed and filtered without washing or filtering.
  • the RE 2 03 Y zeolite (mass) is preferably 0.005 to 0.25, preferably 0.01 to 0.20;
  • the exchange temperature is 0 to 100 ° C, preferably 60 to 95 ° C;
  • the exchange pH is 2.5. ⁇ 6.0, preferably 3.5 ⁇ 5.5,
  • the exchange time is 0.1 ⁇ 2 hours, preferably 0.3 ⁇ 1.5 hours; when dispersing pre-exchange, the dispersant is added in an amount of 0.2% by weight to 7% by weight, preferably 0.2% by weight.
  • the modified molecular sieve slurry is filtered and washed with water to obtain a filter cake, and the obtained filter cake is flash-dried to have a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined, and the calcination conditions can be used under common conditions, for example, at 350 ° C to 700 ° °C, 0 ⁇ 100% water vapor roasting for 0.3 ⁇ 3.5 hours, preferably at 450 °C ⁇ 650 ⁇ , 15 ⁇ 100% water vapour roasting for 0.5 ⁇ 2.5 hours, that is, "one-to-one baking" ultra-stable rare earth sodium lanthanum molecular sieve.
  • the second exchange and the second calcination in the present invention are the ammonium salt exchange sodium reduction and ultrastable processes which are familiar in the industry, and the present invention is not limited thereto. It may be that the "one-to-one-baked" rare earth sodium lanthanum molecular sieve is first modified by ammonium salt exchange and sodium reduction, and then or not filtered, and then subjected to magnesium salt exchange modification, the second baking, or ""One-to-one-baked" rare earth sodium lanthanum molecular sieve is subjected to ammonium salt exchange and magnesium salt exchange modification, followed by filtration, water washing and second baking to obtain the finished Mg-REUSY molecular sieve of the present invention; One-to-one baking "Rare earth sodium Y molecular sieves are exchanged with ammonium salts, followed by filtration, water washing and second baking, resulting in "two-cross two baking" REUSY After the molecular sieve (also known as ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular
  • Ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular sieve wherein the order of rare earth exchange and dispersion pre-exchange in the preparation process of "one-to-one baking" is not limited, and rare earth exchange and dispersion pre-exchange can also be divided into two reactions, rare earth exchange and dispersion.
  • the pre-exchange is carried out continuously without a roasting process, and no antimony salt is used in the rare earth exchange and dispersion pre-exchange process.
  • the magnesium salt exchange modification process may be: adding "one-to-one baking" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve to deionized water, and the solid content is adjusted to 100 to 400 g/L, NH 4 + Y zeolite (mass) It is 0.02 to 0.40, preferably 0.02 to 0.30; the Mg 2+ /Y zeolite (mass) is 0.002 to 0.08, preferably 0.002 to 0.04; the pH is 2.0 to 7.0, preferably 3.0 to 5.0, at 0°.
  • the molecular sieve slurry is filtered and washed with water, and the obtained filter cake is calcined at 450 ° C to 700 ° C, 0 to 100% water vapor for 0.3 to 3.5 hours, preferably 0.5 to 2.5.
  • the magnesium-modified ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular sieve provided by the present invention is finally obtained.
  • the magnesium salt exchange modification process may also be: adding "one-to-one baking" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve to deionized water, the solid content is adjusted to 100 ⁇ 400g/L, and the Mg2+ /Y zeolite (mass) is 0.002.
  • the solid content is adjusted to 100 ⁇ 400g/L, the NH 4 + Y zeolite (mass) is 0.02 ⁇ 0.40, preferably 0.02 ⁇ 0.30; the pH is 2 ⁇ 5 ⁇ 5.0, the most Preferably, it is 3.0 to 4.5, and after reacting at 60 ⁇ to 95 ° C for 0.3 to 1.5 hours, the molecular sieve slurry is filtered, washed with water, and the obtained filter cake is calcined at 450 ° C to 700 ° C, 0 to 100% water vapor for 0.3 to 3.5 hours.
  • it is 0.5 to 2.5 hours to obtain the magnesium-modified ultrastable rare earth Y type molecular sieve provided by the present invention.
  • the process of strontium salt exchange modification may also be: adding "one-to-one baking" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve to deionized water, the solid content is adjusted to 100 ⁇ 400g/L, and the NH 4 +/Y zeolite (mass) is 0.02.
  • the Mg 2+ /Y zeolite (mass) is 0.002 ⁇ 0.08, preferably 0.002 ⁇ 0.04;
  • the pH is 2.5 ⁇ 5.0, preferably 3.0 ⁇ 4.5, at 60
  • the molecular sieve slurry is filtered and washed with water, and the obtained cake is calcined at 450 T to 700 ° C, 0 to 100% water for 0.3 to 3.5 hours, preferably 0.5 to 2.5 hours.
  • the magnesium salt exchange modification process may also be: adding "one-to-one baking" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve to deionized water, the solid content is adjusted to 100 ⁇ 400g/L, NH 4 + Y zeolite (mass) It is 0.02 to 0.40, preferably 0.02 to 0.30; the pH is 2.5 to 5.0, preferably 3.0 to 4.5, and the reaction is carried out at 60 to 95 ° C for 0.3 to 1.5 hours.
  • the molecular sieve slurry is filtered and washed with water, and the obtained filter cake is calcined at 450 to 700 tons, 0 to 100% of water for 0.3 to 3.5 hours, preferably 0.5 to 2.5 hours, thereby obtaining "two-cross two baking" ultra-stable rare earth Y molecular sieve.
  • the solid content is adjusted to 100 ⁇ 400g/L, and the Mg 2+ /Y zeolite (mass) is 0.002 ⁇ 0.08, preferably 0.002 ⁇ 0.04;
  • the pH value is 2.0 to 7.0, preferably 3.0 to 5.0, and after reacting at 0 ° C to 100 ° C for 0.3 to 1.5 hours, the molecular sieve slurry is filtered, washed with water, or washed without filtration, thereby obtaining the present invention.
  • Magnesium modified ultra stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve Magnesium modified ultra stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve.
  • the magnesium salt exchange modification process may further be: dividing the magnesium salt into two parts, first adding "one-to-one baking" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve to deionized water, and the solid content is adjusted to 100 to 400 g/L.
  • the NH 4 +/Y zeolite (mass) is 0.02-0.40, preferably 0.02 ⁇ 0.30; the Mg 2+ /Y zeolite (mass) is 0.002 ⁇ 0.08, preferably 0.002 ⁇ 0.04; the pH is 2.5 ⁇ 5.0, the most Preferably, it is 3.0 to 4.5, and after reacting at 60X to 95 ° C for 0.3 to 1.5 hours, the molecular sieve slurry is filtered and washed with water, and the obtained filter cake is calcined at 450 ⁇ 700 ° C, 0 to 100% water vapor for 0.3 to 3.5 hours, most It is 0.5 ⁇ 2.5 hours, so as to obtain the "two-two-baked" ultra-stable rare earth Y molecular sieve, and then add the "two-two-baked” ultra-stable rare earth Y molecular sieve to deionized water, and the solid content is adjusted to 100 ⁇ 400g/L, Mg The 2+ /Y zeolite (mass) is
  • the preparation method of the "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve in the preparation process of the molecular sieve described in the present invention may be - NaY molecular sieve is first subjected to rare earth exchange, and after the reaction is finished, it is filtered and washed; then the filter cake is further mixed with a dispersing agent. The pre-exchange reaction is carried out uniformly, and finally the filter cake is dried and then calcined.
  • the preparation method of the "one-to-one baking" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve in the preparation process of the molecular sieve described in the invention may also be: the NaY molecular sieve is first subjected to dispersion pre-exchange, and after the reaction is finished, the filter cake is filtered and washed to obtain a filter cake; The rare earth compound solution is thoroughly mixed and uniformly subjected to cake exchange. After the completion of the reaction, the cake is dried and then calcined.
  • the preparation method of the "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve in the preparation process of the molecular sieve described in the invention may also be: the NaY molecular sieve is first subjected to dispersion pre-exchange, and then the rare earth compound is added for tank exchange, and the reaction is completed. Filter, wash and roast.
  • the preparation method of the "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve in the preparation process of the molecular sieve described in the invention may also be: the NaY molecular sieve is first subjected to rare earth exchange, and after the reaction is finished, the dispersant is added to carry out the dispersion pre-exchange reaction, and finally, Filter, wash and roast.
  • the preparation method of the "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve in the preparation process of the molecular sieve described in the invention may also be: the NaY molecular sieve is first subjected to dispersion pre-exchange, and after the reaction is finished, the molecular sieve slurry is carried out on the belt filter machine. Filtration, rare earth strip exchange and filter cake washing, wherein the rare earth strip exchange conditions on the belt filter are: ⁇ exchange temperature is 60 ° C ⁇ 95 ° C, exchange pH is 3.2 ⁇ 4.8, belt filter vacuum The degree is 0.03 ⁇ 0.05; finally, the filtered water-washed filter cake is baked.
  • the method for preparing the ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve in the preparation process of the molecular sieve described in the present invention may also be: the NaY molecular sieve is first subjected to rare earth exchange, and after the reaction is finished, the molecular sieve slurry is filtered on the belt filter.
  • the belt type dispersion pre-exchange and the filter cake are washed, wherein the belt type dispersion pre-exchange condition is carried out on the belt filter machine: the addition amount is 0.2% by weight to 7% by weight, the exchange temperature is 0 to 10 CTC, and the exchange time is 0.1 to 1.5 hours.
  • the belt filter has a vacuum of 0.03 ⁇ 0.05 ; finally, the filtered water-washed filter cake is baked.
  • the preparation method of the "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve described in the present invention may also be: after the end of the dispersion of the NaY molecular sieve, the rare earth exchange may be carried out in the following manner, that is, the total amount of the rare earth is not Under the premise, the rare earth compound solution can be divided into several parts for tank exchange, belt exchange and/or filter cake exchange.
  • the preparation method of the "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve described in the present invention may also be:
  • the NaY molecular sieve dispersion pre-exchange process can be carried out in the following manner, that is, under the premise that the total amount of the dispersant is constant, The dispersant is divided into several parts for tank exchange, belt exchange and/or filter cake exchange.
  • the preparation method of the "one-to-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve according to the present invention may also be as follows: First, a dispersant is used to carry out a dispersion pre-exchange reaction with NaY molecular sieve, and then a rare earth exchange reaction is carried out, and then the reaction is completed. Another dispersant is subjected to secondary dispersion pre-exchange, and the molecular sieve may or may not be filtered between the two dispersion pre-exchanges.
  • the rare earth compound of the present invention is rare earth chloride or rare earth nitrate or rare earth sulfate, preferably rare earth chloride or rare earth nitrate.
  • the rare earth of the present invention may be a cerium-rich or cerium-rich rare earth, or may be a pure cerium or a pure cerium rare earth.
  • the magnesium salt of the present invention may be one or more of magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, preferably magnesium chloride or magnesium nitrate.
  • NaY molecular sieve NaY-1 (silicon to aluminum ratio 4.8, crystallinity 92%), NaY-2 (silicon to aluminum ratio 4.1, crystallinity)
  • Ultra-stable one-to-one baking molecular sieve sample Crystallinity 60%, sodium oxide 4.3m%, produced by Lanzhou Petrochemical Company Catalyst Factory.
  • Rare earth solution rare earth chloride (rare earth oxide 277.5 g / liter), rare earth nitrate (rare earth oxide 252 g / liter), all industrial products, from the catalyst plant of Lanzhou Petrochemical Company.
  • ffl cyanine powder, boric acid, urea, ethanol, polyacrylamide, oxalic acid, adipic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid, starch, magnesium chloride, cerium nitrate are all chemically pure; Barium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium oxalate are industrial products.
  • ACE heavy oil microreactor The reaction temperature is 530 ° C, the ratio of agent to oil is 5, and the feedstock oil is 30% decompression residue of Xinjiang oil blending.
  • the reaction was exchanged for 0.3 hours, and the obtained filter cake was flash-dried to have a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined at 70% of water vapor and 67 CTC for 1.0 hour to prepare "one-and-one-baked" rare earth sodium Y.
  • a reaction kettle with a heating jacket add 500 grams (dry basis) of ultra-stable rare earth sodium lanthanum molecular sieve and a certain amount of deionized water to prepare a slurry with a solid content of 120g/L, and add 120g.
  • Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate heated to 90 ° C, exchanged for 0.8 hours, then filtered, washed, spray dried to obtain the active component of the magnesium modified rare earth ultrastable Y molecular sieve of the present invention, which is recorded as modified molecular sieve A-1 .
  • the reaction was exchanged under stirring for 0.5 hours, and the obtained cake was flash-dried to have a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined at 30% of water vapor and 63 CTC for 1.8 hours to obtain "one-and-one-baked" rare earth sodium Y.
  • the reaction vessel with heating jacket add 500 grams (dry basis) and deionized water of ultra-stable rare earth sodium lanthanum molecular sieve with "one to one baking" to prepare a slurry with a solid content of 370g/L.
  • This comparative example illustrates the performance characteristics of REUSY prepared without the addition of polyacrylamide and salicylic acid during molecular sieve modification.
  • the REUSY molecular sieve was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that polyacrylamide and salicylic acid were not added, and the same as in Example 2, the obtained magnesium-modified ultrastable rare earth Y type molecular sieve was designated as DB-1.
  • Adjust the system pH 3.5, heat up to 90 °C, exchange for 12 hours, then filter, wash, filter the cake to make a slurry with a solid content of 120g / L, add 127g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, and warm up to 90 ° C, The mixture was exchanged for 0.8 hours, then filtered, washed, and the filter cake was calcined at 50% water vapor and 650 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a "two-two-baked" rare earth super-stable Y, which was designated as a modified molecular sieve ⁇ -3.
  • the temperature is raised to 78 Torr for dispersion exchange, and the reaction is exchanged for 0.5 hour under stirring.
  • the mixture is filtered and washed, and the obtained filter cake is flash-dried to have a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally at 80% water vapor and 56 CTC. After roasting for 2 hours, a "one-and-one-baked" rare earth sodium strontium was obtained.
  • Adjust the system pH 4.0, heat up to 90 °C, exchange for 1 hour, then filter, wash, filter the cake to make a slurry with a solid content of 120g / L, add 127g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, heat up to 9 (TC, exchange After 0.8 hours, it was filtered, washed, and the cake was calcined at 100% water vapor and 620 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a "two-baked-baked" rare earth super-stable, which was designated as a modified molecular sieve A-5.
  • the obtained filter cake was flash-dried to have a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined at 70% water vapor and 450 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a "one-and-one-baked" rare earth.
  • Sodium strontium In a reaction kettle with a heating jacket, 500 g (dry basis) and deionized water of "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve were added to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 300 g/L, and 175 g of sulfuric acid hinge was added.
  • Adjust the system pH 4.0, heat up to 90 °C, exchange for 1 hour, then filter, wash, filter the cake to make a slurry with a solid content of 120g / L, add 127g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, heat to 90 ° C, exchange After 0.8 hours, it was filtered, washed, and then calcined at 100% water vapor and 650 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a "two-baked-baked" rare earth super-stable Y, which was designated as a modified molecular sieve ⁇ -7.
  • Comparative example 2 This comparative example illustrates the performance characteristics of REUSY prepared without the addition of hydrochloric acid and oxalic acid during molecular sieve modification.
  • the REUSY molecular sieve was prepared in the same manner as in Example 8 except that hydrochloric acid and oxalic acid were not added. Others were the same as in Example 8, and the obtained ultra-stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve number was DB-2.
  • Adjust the system pH 4.5, heat up to 90 °C, exchange for 0.5 hours, then filter, wash, filter the cake to make a slurry with a solid content of 120g / L, add 169g of magnesium chloride hexahydrate, and warm up to 90 ° C, After exchanged for 0.8 hours, after drying at 150 ° C for 3 hours, it was calcined at 100% water vapor and 580 ° C for 1.8 hours to obtain a "two-cross two-baked" rare earth super-stable enthalpy, which was recorded as a modified molecular sieve -9.
  • the obtained filter cake is flash-dried to have a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined at 60% water vapor and 560 ° C for 2 hours to obtain "one-and-one-baked" rare earth sodium strontium.
  • 500 g (dry basis) and deionized water of "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y molecular sieve were added to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 280 g/L, and 130 g of ammonium sulfate was added.
  • the obtained filter cake was flash-dried to have a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined at 10% water vapor and 560 ° C for 1.5 hours to obtain "one to one baking".
  • "Rare earth sodium Y In a reaction kettle with a heating jacket, 500 g (dry basis) and deionized water of "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium lanthanum molecular sieve were added to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 150 g/L, and 50 g of ammonium sulfate was added.
  • TC TC
  • the filter cake was calcined at 60% water vapor and 620 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a "two-baked-baked" rare earth super-stable.
  • 500 g (dry basis) of rare earth ultra-stable Y molecular sieve and a certain amount of deionized water to prepare a slurry with a solid content of 120 g/L, and add 169 g of hexahydrate.
  • modified molecular sieve A-12 Magnesium chloride, heated to 90 ° C, exchanged for 0.8 hours, then filtered, washed, spray dried to obtain the magnesium-modified rare earth ultrastable Y molecular sieve active component of the present invention, which is referred to as modified molecular sieve A-12.
  • the strip exchange conditions were as follows: the rare earth nitrate solution was heated to 88 ° C, the exchange pH was 4.7, and the rare earth nitrate addition amount was RE 2 0 3
  • the Y zeolite (mass) is 0.04, and the belt filter has a vacuum of 0.03.
  • the resulting filter cake is then flash dried to a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined at 80% water vapor and 530 Torr for 1.5 hours.
  • the rare earth nitrate is added in a RE 2 03/Y zeolite (mass) of 0.12, and the belt filter has a vacuum of 0.05; the resulting filter cake is then flash dried to a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally at 100% water vapor. After roasting for 2 hours at 580 Torr, the "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium strontium was prepared.
  • This comparative example illustrates the performance characteristics of REUSY prepared by adding only hydrochloric acid during molecular sieve modification.
  • the REUSY molecular sieve was prepared in the same manner as in Example 14 except that hydrochloric acid was not added, and the same as in Example 14, the obtained ultra-stable rare earth Y type molecular sieve was designated as DB-3.
  • Example 15 In a reaction kettle with a heating jacket, 3000 g of NaY-1 molecular sieve (dry basis) and a certain amount of deionized water were sequentially added to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 110 g/L, and 42 g of ffl cyanine powder and 28 g of salicylic acid were added thereto.
  • the pH of the system was 6.2, then the temperature was raised to 89 ° C, and the reaction was exchanged for 1 hour with stirring. Then, 0.48 liters of rare earth nitrate was added, the pH of the system was adjusted to 3.7, the temperature was raised to 83 ° C, and the exchange reaction was carried out for 1 hour, after which the molecular sieve was sieved.
  • the slurry was filtered and washed with water, and the obtained filter cake was placed in an exchange tank for beating. Then, 1.19 liters of rare earth nitrate (0.12 for RE 2 03/Y zeolite) was added, the pH of the system was adjusted to 4.1, the temperature was raised to 78 ° C, and the exchange reaction was carried out for 0.7 hours. Then, the obtained filter cake is flash-dried to have a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined at 100% water vapor and 630 Torr for 2 hours to obtain "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium strontium.
  • rare earth nitrate 0.12 for RE 2 03/Y zeolite
  • the strip exchange conditions were as follows: 52 g of acetic acid and 146 g of citric acid were placed in a solution of 80 g/L, and the temperature was raised to 85 ° C, belt filter vacuum is 0.04; then the filter cake is flash dried to a moisture content of 30% ⁇ 50%, and finally baked at 100% water vapor and 50CTC for 1.5 hours, to make "one to one Baking "super stable rare earth sodium Y.
  • 500 g (dry basis) of ultra-stable rare earth sodium lanthanum molecular sieve and deionized water were added to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 150 g/L, and 160 g of ammonium sulfate was added.
  • the strip exchange conditions were as follows: the rare earth nitrate solution was heated to 88 ° C, the exchange pH was 4.7, and the rare earth nitrate addition amount was RE 2 0 3 /Y.
  • the zeolite (mass) was 0.04, and the belt filter had a vacuum of 0.03.
  • the resulting filter cake was then flash dried to a moisture content of 30% to 50%, and finally calcined at 80% water vapor and 530 Torr for 1.5 hours.
  • One-to-one baking "super-stable rare earth sodium Y" - Jiaoyi baking" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y.
  • the belt exchange conditions were as follows: The rare earth nitrate solution was heated to 88 Torr, the exchange pH was 4.7, the rare earth nitrate was added to the RE 2 03/Y zeolite (mass) of 0.04, and the belt filter vacuum was 0.03; the resulting filter cake was then flash dried to make it The moisture content is 30% ⁇ 50%, and finally calcined at 80% water vapor and 53CTC for 1.5 hours to obtain "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y"-cross-baked” ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y.
  • the band exchange conditions were: nitric acid
  • the rare earth solution was heated to 88 ° C, the exchange pH was 4.7, the rare earth nitrate was added to the RE 2 03/Y zeolite (mass) of 0.04, and the belt filter vacuum was 0.03; the resulting filter cake was then flash dried to make it
  • the moisture content is between 30% and 50%, and finally at 80%.
  • the water vapor was calcined at 530 Torr for 1.5 hours to obtain "one-and-one-baked" ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y"-cross-baked” ultra-stable rare earth sodium Y.
  • This comparative example uses the molecular sieve preparation method described in Example 1 of CN200410058089.3, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 15.
  • the present comparative example uses the molecular sieve preparation method described in CN200510114495.1, and other conditions are the same as in the examples: ⁇ .
  • This comparative example uses the molecular sieve preparation method described in CN97122039.5, and other conditions are the same as in the fourth embodiment.
  • deionized water and 3000 g (dry basis) of NaY-1 molecular sieve were added to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 90 g/L, and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C with stirring, and 59 g of hydrochloric acid was added thereto, and the temperature was adjusted.
  • RE 2 0 3 content colorimetric method.
  • Particle size The instrument is a MICRO-PLUS laser particle size analyzer, full-scale full Mie theory, the test range is 0.05 ⁇ 550 ⁇
  • the ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular sieve provided by the invention is characterized in that the molecular sieve contains 0.5 to 5 wt% of magnesia, 1 to 20 wt% of rare earth oxide, and no more than 1.2 wt% of sodium oxide. Degree 46 ⁇ 63%, unit cell parameter 2.454nm ⁇ 2.471 nm, molecular sieve particle size D(v, 0.5) is not more than 3.0 ⁇ , D(v, 0.9) is not more than 20 ⁇ ;
  • the molecular sieve sodium oxide prepared by the invention has a sodium oxide content of not more than 1.2 m%, a magnesium oxide content of 0.5 to 5 wt%, a rare earth oxide content of between 1 and 20 m%, and a unit cell constant of between 2.454 and 2.471.
  • the relative crystallinity is between 46% and 63%.
  • the molecular sieve prepared by the invention has a particle size distribution smaller than that of the comparative molecular sieve, wherein the molecular sieve D (v, 0.5) has a particle diameter of not more than 3.0 ⁇ m, and the molecular sieve D (v, 0.9) has a particle diameter of not more than 20 ⁇ m. It shows that the molecular sieve preparation method provided by the patent can significantly improve the dispersion of the molecular sieve particles and reduce the degree of agglomeration of the particles. 3) The molecular sieve is modified by ultra-stable sputum molecular sieve.
  • the molecular sieve is prepared. Because the ammonium salt is mixed with the rare earth for exchange, the rare earth ion and the ammonium ion have a competitive reaction, which affects the accurate localization of the rare earth ion, and the low rare earth utilization rate is low.
  • the modified molecular sieves of Examples 1 to 16 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were subjected to three-time ammonium salt exchange according to the following exchange conditions, and the rare earth content of the molecular sieve and the change of the rare earth content in the filtrate were examined to determine whether the rare earth ions were positioned in the sodalite cage.
  • the analysis results are shown in Table 2.
  • Table 3 shows the results of stability analysis of the ultra-stable rare earth Y-type molecular sieves obtained in Examples 1 to 16 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6.
  • the analytical data of Table 3 shows that compared with the comparative molecular sieve, the molecular sieve collapse temperature prepared according to the present invention is increased by more than 12 ,, and the relative crystallinity retention rate is increased by 11.6 percentage points or more, indicating that the preparation method provided by the present invention can significantly improve the thermal stability of the molecular sieve. Sexual and hydrothermal stability.
  • Remarks: Relative crystallinity retention ratio relative crystallinity (aged sample) Xiang to crystallinity (fresh sample) ⁇ %
  • the invention adopts NaY molecular sieve as raw material, in the process of primary exchange and primary roasting of NaY molecular sieve, no ammonium ion solution is added, thereby avoiding competition reaction with rare earth ions and reducing utilization ratio of rare earth ion exchange; Dispersion pre-exchange, reduce particle exchange resistance, localize rare earth ions to sodalite cage; add a dispersant in the dispersion pre-exchange process to achieve the molecular sieve effect provided by the present invention, but the addition of two or more dispersants can be
  • the method provided by the invention can effectively reduce the agglomeration degree of the molecular sieve crystal grains, increase the dispersibility of the molecular sieve, and completely exchange the rare earth ions into the molecular sieve super cage and the sodalite cage, and the rare earth ions are super caged from the molecular sieve in the subsequent steam roasting process. All of them enter the sodalite cage, which is reflected in the molecular sieve after the ammonium salt exchange, the rare earth content of the molecular sieve is not reduced, and there is no rare earth ion in the filtrate.
  • the rare earth ions are all located in the sodalite cage to inhibit the dealuminization of the skeleton during the steam aging process, which improves the activity stability of the molecular sieve.
  • the molecular sieve super cage and surface have no rare earth ions, which reduces the density and strength of the acid cloud pore acid center and improves the molecular sieve.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种镁改性超稳稀土Y型分子筛及其制备方法,该方法是以NaY分子筛为原料,进行稀土交换反应和分散预交换反应,然后进行超稳焙烧处理,最后进行镁改性。该分子筛含氧化镁0.5〜5重%,氧化稀土1〜20重%,氧化钠不大于1.2重%,结晶度46〜63%,晶胞参数2.454nm〜2.471nm;与现有技术相比,该方法制备的分子筛稀土离子定位于方钠石笼,表现在反交换过程中没有稀土离子流失,同时该方法制备的分子筛粒径D(v,0.5)不大于3.0μm、D(v,0.9)不大于20μm。该分子筛同时具有较高的稳定性和目的产品选择性,采用这种分子筛作为催化裂化催化剂活性组分,具有高的重油转化能力和高价值目的产品收率的特点。

Description

一种镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛及其制备方法,更具体地说是一种提高 轻质油收率的镁改性超稳稀土 Y分子筛及制备方法。 背景技术
催化裂化装置作为原油重要的二次加工手段, 其综合产品分布, 尤其是高附加值 轻质油品收率决定着炼厂的经济效益, 近年随着原料油重质化趋势加剧, 要求 FCC催 化剂具有更高的轻质油收率。 作为决定重油裂化催化剂反应选择性的关键活性组分, 髙 目的产品选择性和高活性稳定性的 Y型分子筛一直是催化领域研究的核心技术课题。
为了追求高附加值轻质油收率, 提高目的产品选择性, 国内外一致采用镁、 磷等元 素对其改性, 调控其具有适宜的酸性, 从而控制裂化过程不同反应的比例, 减少轻质油 的进一步裂化, 提高轻质油收率。
专利 CN1683474A中介绍了提高目的产品柴油收率助催化剂的制备方法, 该方法 所述是以 900以上焙烧高岭土原位晶化成 Y型沸石助催化剂, 之后采用镁、 稀土和 /或 铵盐进行交换改性, 从而获得高柴油收率的助催化剂, 该方法并未对稳定性进行说明。
专利 CN1217231A中介绍了提高目的产品柴油收率含磷八面沸石催化剂的制备方 法, 该方法所述是以含或不含稀土、 Na20低于 5重%的八面沸石与含磷化合物的水溶 液混合均匀, 静置 0-8小时, 干燥, 焙烧, 获得含磷八面沸石, 之后采用半合成工艺制 备获得高柴油收率的催化剂, 该方法也未对稳定性进行说明。
国内外为了提高 Y型分子筛稳定性, 大多采用稀土离子交换改性 Y型分子筛, 并 结合焙烧条件的优化, 使稀土离子尽可能迁移至方钠石笼, 抑制分子筛骨架脱铝, 从而 提高分子筛的结构稳定性和活性稳定性。 目前 NaY分子筛改性方法大致分为三类: 一 是将 NaY分子筛先交换少量稀土离子和或铵根离子, 焙烧后进行稀土离子和或铵根离 子或是脱铝处理制成 REUSY分子筛 (US3595611、 US4218307、 CN87104086.7); 二是先将 NaY 分子筛先制成 USY 分子筛, 然后再交换稀土制备 REUSY (ZL200510114495.1. ZL200410029875.0);三是在 NaY分子筛稀土改性过程中引入 某种沉淀剂, 形成稀土沉淀物, 提高分子筛的抗重金属能力、 裂化活性和制备过程的稀 土利用率(ZL02103909.7、 ZL200410058089.3、 ZL02155600.8)。 以上专利所提供的 Y型分子筛改性方法都未对稀土离子精确定位做出详细说明,导致现有技术制备的 Y型 分子筛的活性稳定性和结构稳定性不能适应原料油重质化、 劣质化的发展趋势。
美国专利 (US5340957、 US4584287) 中介绍了 Y型分子筛改性方法, 该方法所 述是以 NaY分子筛为原料, 采用稀土和 /或 W族元素进行交换改性, 之后再进行水热处 理, 从而获得高稳定性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛, 该方法并未说明稀土离子定位和晶粒分散 状况。
中国专利 ZL97122039.5中介绍了一种超稳 Y沸石的制备方法,该方法包括将一种 Y型沸石, 与一种酸溶液和一种含铵离子的溶液接触, 并进行高温水蒸汽处理, 所述酸 的用量为每摩尔骨架铝 1.5〜6摩尔氢离子、酸溶液浓度 0.1〜5当量 /升, Y型沸石与酸 溶液接触的温度为 5〜100Ό,接触时间 0.5〜72小时, Y型沸石与铵离子的重量比为 2〜 20。该专利涉及的改性方法中需加入含铵离子溶液, 其目的是降低分子筛中的氧化钠含 量或是减少焙烧过程中酸性气体对分子筛结构的破坏, 但是该技术存在以下技术缺陷: 1 ) 制备过程加入大量的铵离子, 含铵离子最终进入大气或是污水中, 增加氨氮污染和 治污成本; 2) 该专利方法不能有效解决分子筛颗粒团聚问题, 颗粒团聚降低了分子筛 的比表面和孔体积, 增加了分子筛交换过程的孔道阻力, 使改性元素难以准确定位、 定 量于分子筛笼内; 3)同时该专利还提及 Υ型沸石与含铵离子溶液接触的同时或是之后, 还可以采用离子交换的方式引入稀土离子, 在该交换过程中, 铵离子与稀土离子存在竞 争反应,铵离子会优先占据稀土离子位置,增加了稀土离子交换进入分子筛笼内的阻力, 同时降低了稀土离子的利用率。
中国专利 ZL02103909.7中介绍了一种含稀土超稳 Υ分子筛制备方法,该方法是将 NaY分子筛经一次交换一次焙烧后制得, 其特征在于将 NaY分子筛置于含铵离子溶液 中, 于 25〜100Ό进行化学脱铝处理, 化学脱铝络合剂中含有草酸和 /或草酸盐, 处理 时间 0.5〜5小时, 然后加入稀土溶液, 搅拌, 使生成包含草酸稀土的稀土沉淀物, 经 过滤、 水洗成为滤饼, 再进行水热处理, 制得分子筛产品。 该方法制备的分子筛虽具有 一定的抗钒污染能力, 但是其活性稳定性和裂化活性较低, 不能满足原料油重质化、 劣 质化的发展趋势。这主要是与分子筛改性过程中的稀土离子在分子筛超笼和方钠石笼的 位置分布有关。 该方法明确了稀土离子是以两种形态存在于分子筛体系中, 即部分稀土 以离子形态进入方钠石笼, 另一部分稀土离子是以氧化稀土(其前身物为草酸稀土, 后 续焙烧转化为氧化稀土)独立相分散于分子筛表面, 这降低了稀土离子对分子筛结构的 稳定支撑作用; 同时该方法中也存在大量的氨氮污染问题, 所加的草酸和或草酸盐对环 境和人体毒害较大。 中国专利 200510114495.1中介绍了一种提高超稳 Y型沸石稀土含量的方法,该方 法是将超稳 Υ型沸石和浓度为 0.01〜2Ν的酸溶液以液固比 4〜20的比例在 20〜100°C 的温度范围下充分混合, 处理 10〜300分钟后洗涤、过滤, 再加入稀土盐溶液进行稀土 离子交换, 交换后洗涤、 过滤、 干燥, 得到稀土超稳 Y型沸石。 该发明以经水汽超稳焙 烧的 Y型分子筛为原料,对其进行二次交换和二次焙烧化学修饰, 并未涉及分子筛颗粒 分散性研究。
中国专利 CN200410029875.0介绍了一种稀土超稳 Y型沸石的制备方法, 其特征 在于该方法首先将 NaY分子筛用无机铵盐溶液进行离子交换, 之后进行水汽超稳处理 获得 "一交一焙"产品; 将 "一交一焙"产品再加入一种由稀土盐和柠檬酸组成的混合 溶液或者一种由无机铵盐、稀土盐和柠檬酸组成的混合溶液, 在一定温度下进行交换反 应, 反应结束后将分子筛浆液过滤、 水洗, 最后在空气或 100%水蒸气气氛下于 450〜 75CTC焙烧 0.5〜4小时。 该技术中稀土改性是以 "一交一焙"产品为原料进行第二次交 换改性, 由于分子筛经过 "一交一焙"后晶胞收缩, 孔道内部碎片铝堵塞孔道, 增加了 稀土离子交换阻力, 使稀土离子难以准确定位于方钠石笼。
以上专利所提供的 Y型分子筛改性方法都未对稀土离子精确定位做出详细说明,导 致现有技术制备的 Y型分子筛的活性稳定性和结构稳定性不能适应原料油重质化、劣质 化的发展趋势。
为了提高 Y型分子筛活性稳定性的同时提高目的产品选择性,本发明采用稀土离子 精确定位技术制备了高活性稳定性和结构稳定性的 Y型分子筛, 并采用镁元素对其改 性, 调控其具有适宜的酸性, 从而控制裂化过程不同反应的比例, 提高轻质油收率。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高活性稳定性镁改性超稳稀土 Y 型分子筛及其制备方 法,该方法提供的分子筛目的产品选择性高、活性稳定性和结构稳定性高、焦炭产率低、 重油转化和抗重金属能力强, 同时该方法具有制备工艺流程简单、 改性元素利用率高和 氨氮污染小的特点。
本发明提供的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛, 其特征在于分子筛含氧化镁 0.2〜5重 %,氧化稀土 1〜20重%,氧化钠不大于 1.2重%,结晶度 46〜63%,晶胞参数 2.454nm〜 2.471 nm, 该分子筛的制备过程包含了稀土交换、 分散预交换和镁盐交换改性, 其中镁 盐交换改性在稀土交换和分散预交换之后进行;稀土交换、分散预交换的先后次序不限, 稀土交换与分散预交换是连续进行, 之间没有焙烧过程; 分散预交换是指将分子筛桨液 浓度调为固含量为 80〜400g/L, 加入 0.2重量%〜7重量%的分散剂进行分散预交换, 交换温度为 0〜100°C, 交换时间为 0.1〜1.5小时; 分散预交换过程所述分散剂选自田 菁粉、 硼酸、 尿素、 乙醇、 聚丙烯酰胺、 乙酸、 草酸、 已二酸、 甲酸、 盐酸、 硝酸、 柠 檬酸、 水杨酸、 酒石酸、 苯甲酸、 淀粉中的一种或多种; 稀土交换、 分散预交换中没有 使用铵盐。
本发明还提供的该镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛更具体的制备方法, 以 NaY分子筛 (最好硅铝比大于 4.0, 结晶度大于 70%) 为原料, 经过稀土交换、 分散预交换和第一 次焙烧, 获得"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y分子筛, 再将"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y分子筛经过铵盐交 换降钠、镁盐交换改性和第二次焙烧, 从而获得镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛, 其中镁盐 与铵盐的加入次序不进行限定, 第二次焙烧是在铵盐交换降钠后进行的, 镁盐交换改性 既可以在第二次焙烧前进行, 也可在第二次焙烧后进行, 还可在第二次焙烧前后同时进 行。
本发明中建议的分子筛的制备方法最好是 "一交一焙"得超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛, "一交 一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛再经过第二次交换和第二次焙烧获得"二交二焙"超稳稀土 Y 型分子筛。
本发明中, NaY分子筛稀土交换和分散预交换之间, 分子筛可以不用洗涤、 过滤, 也可以进行洗涤、 过滤。 稀土交换时, 其 RE203 Y沸石 (质量) 最好为 0.005〜0.25, 最佳为 0.01〜0.20;交换温度为 0〜100°C,最佳为 60〜95°C ;交换 pH值为 2.5〜6.0, 最佳为 3.5〜5.5, 交换时间为 0.1〜2小时, 最佳为 0.3〜1.5小时; 分散预交换时, 分 散剂加入量为 0.2重量%〜7重量%,最佳为 0.2重量%〜5重量%;交换温度为 0〜100 °C, 最佳为 60〜95°C ; 交换时间为 0.1〜1.5小时。 改性后的分子筛桨液经过滤、 水洗 获得滤饼, 将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后焙烧, 焙烧条件可使 用通用条件,如在 350°C〜700°C、 0〜100%水汽焙烧 0.3〜3.5小时,最好是在 450°C〜 650Γ、 15〜100%水汽焙烧 0.5〜2.5小时, 即得"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛。
本发明中的第二次交换、第二次焙烧是该行业内所熟悉的铵盐交换降钠和超稳化过 程, 本发明对对此没有限制。可以是将"一交一焙"稀土钠 Υ分子筛先经铵盐交换降钠改 性, 之后进行或是不进行过滤水洗, 再进行镁盐交换改性、第二次焙烧, 也可以是将"一 交一焙"稀土钠 Υ分子筛经过铵盐交换与镁盐交换改性, 之后进行过滤、 水洗和第二次 焙烧, 从而获得本发明所述成品 Mg-REUSY分子筛; 也可以是先将上述"一交一焙"稀 土钠 Y分子筛经过铵盐交换,之后进行过滤、水洗和第二次焙烧, 得"二交二焙" REUSY 分子筛(又称超稳稀土 Y型分子筛)后, 再经过镁盐交换改性, 后经过滤、 水洗或是不 经过过滤、 水洗, 从而获得本发明所述成品 Mg-REUSY分子筛 (又称镁改性超稳稀土 Y 型分子筛); 其中 "一交一焙"制备过程稀土交换、 分散预交换的先后次序不限, 稀 土交换和分散预交换也可分别分为两次进行反应, 稀土交换与分散预交换是连续进行, 之间没有焙烧过程, 在稀土交换和分散预交换过程中不使用钹盐。
本发明中, 镁盐交换改性的工艺可以是: 将"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛加入 去离子水, 固含量调配为 100〜400g/L, NH4+ Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.02〜0.40, 最好为 0.02-0.30; Mg2+/Y沸石(质量)为 0.002〜0.08,最好为 0.002〜0.04; pH值为 2.0〜 7.0, 最好为 3.0〜5.0, 在 0°C〜100°C下反应 0.3〜1.5小时后, 将分子筛浆液过滤、水 洗, 将所得滤饼在 450°C〜700°C、 0〜100%水汽焙烧 0.3〜3.5小时, 最好是 0.5〜2.5 小时, 最终获得本发明提供的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛。
镁盐交换改性的工艺还可以是: 将"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛加入去离子水, 固含量调配为 100〜400g/L, Mg2+/Y沸石(质量)为 0.002〜0.08,最好为 0.002〜0.04; pH值为 2.5〜5.0, 最好为 3.0〜4.5, 在 60 〜95Γ下反应 0.3〜1.5小时后, 将分子 筛浆液过滤、水洗,或是不经过过滤水洗;再经铵盐交换降钠改性,固含量调配为 100〜 400g/L, NH4+ Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.02〜0.40, 最好为 0.02〜0.30; pH值为 2·5〜5.0, 最好为 3.0〜4.5, 在 60Τ〜 95°C下反应 0.3〜1.5小时后, 将分子筛浆液过滤、 水洗, 将所得滤饼在 450°C~700°C、0〜100%水汽焙烧 0.3〜3.5小时,最好是 0.5〜2.5小时, 从而获得本发明提供的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛。
锾盐交换改性的工艺还可以是: 将"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛加入去离子水, 固含量调配为 100〜400g/L, NH4+/Y沸石(质量)为 0.02〜0.40, 最好为 0.02〜0.30; pH值为 2.5〜5.0, 最好为 3.0〜4.5, 在 60'C〜95°C下反应 0.3〜1.5小时后, 将分子 筛浆液过滤、 水洗, 或是不经过过滤水洗; 再经镁改性交换, Mg2+/Y沸石 (质量) 为 0·002〜0.08,最好为 0.002〜0.04; pH值为 2.5〜5.0,最好为 3.0〜4.5,在 60°C〜95°C 下反应 0.3〜1.5小时后, 将分子筛浆液过滤、水洗, 将所得滤饼在 450T〜 700°C、 0〜 100%水汽焙烧 0.3〜3.5小时, 最好是 0.5〜2.5小时, 从而获得本发明提供的镁改性超 稳稀土 Y型分子筛。
本发明中, 镁盐交换改性工艺还可以是: 将"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛加入 去离子水, 固含量调配为 100〜400g/L, NH4+ Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.02〜0.40, 最好为 0.02〜0.30; pH值为 2.5〜5.0, 最好为 3.0〜4.5, 在 60°C〜95°C下反应 0.3〜1.5小时 后, 将分子筛浆液过滤、水洗, 将所得滤饼在 450O〜700t、 0〜100%水汽焙烧 0.3〜 3.5小时, 最好是 0.5〜2.5小时, 从而获得"二交二焙" 超稳稀土 Y分子筛, 再将"二 交二焙"超稳稀土 Y分子筛加入去离子水, 固含量调配为 100〜400g/L, Mg2+/Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.002〜0.08, 最好为 0.002〜0.04; pH值为 2.0〜7.0, 最好为 3.0〜5.0, 在 0°C〜100°C下反应 0.3〜1.5小时后, 将分子筛浆液过滤、 水洗, 或是不经过过滤水 洗, 从而获得本发明提供的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛。
本发明中, 镁盐交换改性工艺还可以是: 将镁盐分成两份, 首先将 "一交一焙"超稳 稀土钠 Y分子筛加入去离子水, 固含量调配为 100〜400g/L, NH4+/Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.02-0.40,最好为 0.02〜0.30; Mg2+/Y沸石(质量)为 0.002〜0.08,最好为 0.002〜 0.04; pH值为 2.5〜5.0, 最好为 3.0〜4.5, 在 60X〜 95°C下反应 0.3〜1.5小时后, 将 分子筛浆液过滤、 水洗, 将所得滤饼在 450X〜 700°C、 0〜100%水汽焙烧 0.3〜3.5小 时, 最好是 0.5〜2.5小时, 从而获得"二交二焙"超稳稀土 Y分子筛, 再将 "二交二焙" 超稳稀土 Y分子筛加入去离子水, 固含量调配为 100〜400g/L, Mg2+/Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.002〜0.08, 最好为 0.002〜0.04; pH值为 2.0〜7.0, 最好为 3.0〜5.0, 在 0°C〜 100°C下反应 0.3〜1.5小时后, 将分子筛浆液过滤、 水洗, 或是不经过过滤水洗, 从而 获得本发明提供的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛。
本发明中所述的分子筛制备过程中 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法可以 是- NaY分子筛首先经过稀土交换, 反应结束后进行过滤、 洗涤; 之后将滤饼再与分 散剂混合均匀进行预交换反应, 最后将滤饼干燥后进行焙烧。
本发明中所述的分子筛制备过程中 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法还可 以是: NaY分子筛首先经过分散预交换, 反应结束后过滤、 洗涤获得滤饼; 将滤饼与 稀土化合物溶液充分混合均匀进行滤饼交换, 反应结束后将滤饼干燥后进行焙烧。
本发明中所述的分子筛制备过程中 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法还可 以是: NaY分子筛首先经过分散预交换, 之后再加入稀土化合物进行罐式交换, 反应 结束后进行过滤、 洗涤和焙烧。
本发明中所述的分子筛制备过程中 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法还可 以是: NaY分子筛首先经过稀土交换,反应结束后再加入分散剂进行分散预交换反应, 最后进行过滤、 洗涤和焙烧。
本发明中所述的分子筛制备过程中 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法还可 以是: NaY分子筛首先经过分散预交换, 反应结束后将分子筛浆液在带式滤机上进行 过滤、 稀土带式交换和滤饼水洗, 其中在带式滤机上进行稀土带式交换条件为: 夂换温 度为 60°C〜95°C, 交换 pH值为 3.2〜4.8, 带式滤机真空度为 0.03〜0.05; 最后将过 滤水洗好的滤饼进行焙烧。
本发明中所述的分子筛制备过程中 "一交一焙" 超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法还可 以是: NaY分子筛首先经过稀土交换, 反应结束后将分子筛桨液在带式滤机上进行过 滤、 带式分散预交换和滤饼水洗, 其中在带式滤机上进行带式分散预交换条件为: 加入 量为 0.2重量%〜7重量%,交换温度为 0〜10CTC , 交换时间为 0.1〜1.5小时, 带式滤 机真空度为 0.03〜0.05; 最后将过滤水洗好的滤饼进行焙烧。
本发明中所述的"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法还可以是: NaY分子筛 分散预交换结束后, 在进行稀土交换时, 可以按以下方式进行, 即在稀土总量不变的前 提下, 可以将稀土化合物溶液分为若干份, 进行罐式交换、 带式交换和 /或滤饼交换。
本发明中所述的"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法还可以是: NaY分子筛 分散预交换过程可以按以下方式进行, 即在分散剂总量不变的前提下, 可以将分散剂分 为若干份, 进行罐式交换、 带式交换和 /或滤饼交换。
本发明所述的 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛制备方法还可以是: 先选用一种分 散剂与 NaY分子筛进行分散预交换反应, 之后再进行稀土交换反应, 反应结束后再加 入另外一种分散剂进行二次分散预交换,在两次分散预交换之间分子筛可以过滤也可以 不过滤。
本发明中反应过程顺序不同, 并不影响本发明的实施效果。
本发明所述的稀土化合物为氯化稀土或硝酸稀土或硫酸稀土,最好是氯化稀土或硝 酸稀土。
本发明所述的稀土可以是富镧或富铈稀土, 也可以是纯镧或纯铈稀土。
本发明所述的镁盐可以是氯化镁、 硝酸镁、硫酸镁中和一种或多种, 最好是氯化镁 或硝酸镁。
具体实施方式
实例中所用原料规格
1. NaY分子筛: NaY-1 (硅铝比 4.8, 结晶度 92%), NaY-2 (硅铝比 4.1, 结晶度
83%), 兰州石化公司催化剂厂生产。
2. 超稳一交一焙分子筛样品: 结晶度 60%, 氧化钠 4.3m%, 兰州石化公司催化剂 厂生产。 3. 稀土溶液: 氯化稀土 (氧化稀土 277.5克 /升), 硝酸稀土 (氧化稀土 252克 / 升), 均为工业品, 采自兰州石化公司催化剂厂。
4. ffl菁粉、 硼酸、 尿素、 乙醇、 聚丙烯酰胺、 草酸、 已二酸、 乙酸、 甲酸、 盐酸、 硝酸、 柠檬酸、 水杨酸、 酒石酸、 淀粉、 氯化镁、 硝酸锾均为化学纯; 氯化钹、 硝酸铵、 硫酸铵、 草酸铵, 均为工业品。
(三) 反应评价
ACE重油微型反应器: 反应温度 530°C, 剂油比为 5, 原料油为新疆油掺炼 30%的减 压渣油。
实施例 1
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水,调配成固含量为 220g/L的浆液,加入 82g硼酸和 105克田菁粉,然后升温至 85°C, 在搅拌下交换反应 0.5小时, 之后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼放置反应釜中, 之后再加入 1.67升的氯化稀土, 调节体系 pH=4.0, 升温至 80°C, 交换反应 0.3小时, 将所得滤饼 闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 70%水汽和 67CTC下焙烧 1.0小时, 制 得"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子 筛 500克 (干基) 和一定量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 120g硫 酸铵, 调节体系 pH=4.2, 升温到 9(TC, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗漆, 滤饼在 80% 水汽和 560Ό下焙烧 2.5小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分子筛 500克 (干基)和一定量的去离子水, 制成固含量 为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 52g六水合硝酸镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子筛活性组分, 记做改性分子 筛 A-1。
实施例 2
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 360g/L的浆液, 加入 0.82升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.3, 升温至 80°C, 交换反应 1.5小时, 之后过滤、洗涤, 将所得滤饼放置反应釜中, 再加入 202g聚丙烯酰胺和 30g的水杨酸, 然后升温至 78'C进行分散交换, 在搅拌下交换反应 0.5小时, 将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 30%水汽和 63CTC 下焙烧 1.8小时, 制得"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y。在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙" 超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克 (干基)和去离子水, 制成固含量为 370g/L的浆液, 加入 200g硫酸铵, 调节体系 pH=3.6, 升温到 90°C, 交换 1.2小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼 在 20%水汽和 600°C下焙烧 0.5小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套的反 应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定量的去离子水, 制 成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 42g六水合氯化镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然 后过滤、洗涤、 喷雾千燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子筛活性组分, 记做 改性分子筛 A-2。
对比例 1
本对比例说明在分子筛改性过程中不加入聚丙烯酰胺和水杨酸时所制备 REUSY的 性能特点。
按照实施例 2所示方法制备 REUSY分子筛, 仅是不加入聚丙烯酰胺和水杨酸, 其 他与实施例 2相同, 所得镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛编号为 DB-1。
实施例 3
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和去离子水, 调 配成固含量为 100g/L的浆液, 然后加入 180g柠檬酸进行分散预交换, 升温至 85°C, 交换反应 0.5小时, 之后再加入 1.08升的氯化稀土, 调节体系 pH=4.5, 升温至 85 , 交换反应 1小时, 之后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 40%水汽和 540°C下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热 套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离子水, 制成 固含量为 145g/L的衆液, 加入 80g硫酸铵, 调节体系 pH=3.5, 升温到 90°C, 交换 12 小时, 然后过滤、洗涤, 将滤饼打浆, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 127g六水合 氯化镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼在 50%水汽和 650 °C下 焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y, 记做改性分子筛 Α-3。
实施例 4
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和去离子水, 调 配成固含量为 200g/L的浆液, 然后加入 32g盐酸, 升温至 85°C, 交换反应 0.5小时, 之后再加入 0.22升的氯化稀土, 调节体系 pH=4.8, 升温至 7(TC, 交换反应 1小时, 之后再加入 48g尿素进行分散交换, 然后升温至 85°C, 在搅拌下交换反应 0.8小时, 之后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼放置反应釜中, 再加入 1.43升的氯化稀土, 然后升温至 78°C进行交换 0.5小时,最后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,最后在 40%水汽和 540Ό下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜 中, 加入"一交一焙 "超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和去离子水, 制成固含量为 145g/L的浆液, 加入 80g硫酸按, 调节体系 pH=3.5, 升温到 90°C, 交换 1.2小时, 然 后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼在 50%水汽和 650°C下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定 量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 127g六水合氯化镁, 升温到 9(TC, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子 筛活性组分, 记做改性分子筛 Α·4。
实施例 5
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和去离子水, 调 配成固含量为 250g/L的浆液, 加入 132g尿素, 然后升温至 60°C, 在搅拌下交换反应 0.8小时, 之后再加入 0.76升的氯化稀土, 调节体系 pH=4.2, 升温至 85Ό, 交换反应 1.5小时, 之后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼放置反应釜中, 再加入 39己二酸, 然后升温至 78Ό进行分散交换, 在搅拌下交换反应 0.5小时, 反应结束后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼 闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,最后在 80%水汽和 56CTC下焙烧 2小时,制得"一 交一焙 "稀土钠丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500 克 (干基) 和去离子水, 制成固含量为 180g/L的浆液, 加入 100g硫酸铵, 调节体系 pH=4.0,升温到 90°C,交换 1小时,然后过滤、洗涤,将滤饼打浆,制成固含量为 120g/L 的浆液, 加入 127g六水合氯化镁, 升温到 9(TC, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 将 滤饼在 100%水汽和 620°C下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫, 记做改性分子 筛 A-5。
实施例 6
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和去离子水, 调 配成固含量为 90g/L的浆液, 加入 59g盐酸调节体系 pH值 =3.8,然后升温至 90°C, 在 搅拌下交换反应 1小时, 之后再加入 0.54升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.7, 升温至 80°C, 交换反应 0.5小时, 反应结束后再加入 67g乙醇, 在 76°C下反应 0.6小时, 之 后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 70%水汽和 450°C下焙烧 2小时, 制得"一交一焙"稀土钠丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交 一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和去离子水, 制成固含量为 300g/L的浆液, 加入 175g硫酸铰, 调节体系 pH=4.3, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.6小时, 然后过滤、 餘, 滤饼在 70%水汽和 65CTC下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套 的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分子筛 500克(干基)和一定量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 127g六水合氯化镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子筛活性组分, 记 做改性分子筛 A-6。
实施例 7
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 180g/L的浆液, 加入 1.46升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.5, 升温至 85°C, 交换反应 1.2小时, 之后再加入 108g乙醇, 然后升温至 90°C, 在搅拌 下交换反应 1小时,之后过滤、洗涤,将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 50%水汽和 520°C下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的 反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离子水, 制成固含 量为 250g/L的浆液,加入 150g硫酸铵,调节体系 pH=4.0,升温到 90°C,交换 1小时, 然后过滤、洗涤,将滤饼打浆,制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液,加入 127g六水合氯化镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 之后在 100%水汽和 650°C下焙烧 2小 时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y, 记做改性分子筛 Α-7。
实施例 8
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和去离子水, 调 配成固含量为 150g/L的浆液,加入 43g盐酸,在 85 下反应 1小时,之后再加入 1.68 升的氯化稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.7, 升温至 90°C, 交换反应 1小时, 之后再将分子筛浆 液过滤,进行分散剂带式交换,带式交换条件为:将 35g草酸配置为 pH值 =3.4的溶液, 并升温至 85°C, 带式滤机真空度为 0.04; 之后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,最后在 10%水汽和 51CTC下焙烧 2.0小时,制得"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离 子水,制成固含量为 145g/L的浆液,加入 80g硫酸铵,调节体系 pH=3.5,升温到 90°C, 交换 1.2小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼在 50%水汽和 650Ό下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交 二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分子筛 500 克(干基)和一定量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 156g六水合硝酸 镁, 升温到 90Ό, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改 性稀土超稳 Υ分子筛活性组分, 记做改性分子筛 Α-8。
对比例 2 本对比例说明在分子筛改性过程中不加入盐酸和草酸时所制备 REUSY的性能特 点。
按照实施例 8所示方法制备 REUSY分子筛, 仅是不加入盐酸和草酸, 其他与实施 例 8相同, 所得超稳稀土 Y型分子筛编号为 DB-2。
实施例 9
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 180g/L的浆液, 加入 167g酒石酸, 然后升温至 85°C, 在搅拌 下交换反应 0.5小时, 之后再加入 32g乙醇在 85Ό反应 0.5小时, 之后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼放置反应釜, 之后再加入 1.31升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.8, 升温至 80°C,交换反应 1小时,最后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,在 100% 水汽和 480°C下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"稀土钠丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛 500克(干基)和去离子水, 制成固含量为 220g/L 的浆液, 加入 80g硫酸铵, 调节体系 pH=4.5, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.5小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 将滤饼打浆, 制成固含量为 120g/L的桨液, 加入 169g六水合氯化镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 在 150°C经过 3小时烘干后在 100%水汽和 580°C下焙烧 1.8小 时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫, 记做改性分子筛 Α-9。
实施例 10
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 320g/L的浆液, 加入 30g硝酸, 然后升温至 85°C, 在搅拌下交 换反应 0.8小时, 之后再加入 0.95升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.3, 升温至 80°C, 交 换反应 1.8小时, 最后加入 62g淀粉在 8CTC下反应 0.5小时, 反应之后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 60%水汽和 560°C下焙烧 2 小时, 制得"一交一焙"稀土钠丫。在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和去离子水, 制成固含量为 280g/L的浆液, 加入 130g硫酸 铵, 调节体系 pH=4.0, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.5小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼在 60%水 汽和 680Ό下焙烧 1小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加 入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 208g六水合硝酸镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、洗 涤、喷雾干燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子筛活性组分, 记做改性分子筛 A-10。 实施例 11
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 160g/L的浆液, 加入 1.40升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.7, 升温至 90°C, 交换反应 0.8小时, 之后再加入 48g柠檬酸, 然后升温至 85°C, 在搅拌 下交换反应 0.5小时, 之后过滤、 洗涤, 将所得滤饼加入 39g乙酸和 76克尿素, 然后 升温至 95°C,在搅拌下反应 0.5小时,将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 80%水汽和 580Ό下焙烧 2小时, 制得"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反 应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离子水, 制成固含量 为 150g/L的浆液, 加入 50g硫酸铵, 调节体系 pH=3.8, 升温到 90°C, 交换 1小时, 然后过滤、鶴,滤饼在 100%水汽和 61CTC下焙烧 2小时,制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Υ分子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定 量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 169g六水合氯化镁, 升温到 9(TC, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子 筛活性组分, 记做改性分子筛 A-11。
实施例 12
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 180g/L的浆液, 加入 32g甲酸和 68g乙醇, 然后升温至 85°C, 在搅拌下交换反应 1.5小时, 之后再加入 0.82升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.3, 升温 至 90°C, 交换反应 1小时, 反应结束后加入 48g甲酸和 30g乙醇, 在 85°C下反应 0.8 小时, 之后过滤、洗涤,将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,最后在 10% 水汽和 560°C下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离子水,制成固含量为 150g/L 的浆液, 加入 50g硫酸铵, 调节体系 pH=4.0, 升温到 9(TC, 交换 1小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼在 60%水汽和 620°C下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加 热套的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定量的去离 子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 169g六水合氯化镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8 小时, 然后过滤、洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子筛活性组 分, 记做改性分子筛 A-12。
实施例 13
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水,调配成固含量为 350g/L的浆液,加入 42g柠檬酸和 28g fil菁粉,然后升温至 82°C, 在搅拌下交换反应 1.3小时,反应结束后加入 0.56升硝酸稀土,在 85°C下交换反应 0.8 小时, 之后将分子筛浆液过滤, 进行带式交换, 带式交换条件为: 将硝酸稀土溶液升温 至 88°C, 交换 pH值为 4.7, 硝酸稀土加入量为 RE203 Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.04, 带式 滤机真空度为 0.03;之后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%~50%,最后在 80% 水汽和 530Ό下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y"—交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离 子水,制成固含量为 150g/L的浆液,加入 100g硫酸铵,调节体系 pH=4.0,升温到 90°C, 交换 1小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 将滤饼制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 208g六水 合硝酸镁,升温到 90°C,交换 0.8小时,在 15CTC经过 3小时烘干后在 60%水汽和 620Ό 下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y, 记做改性分子筛 Α-13。
实施例 14
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 190g/L的浆液, 加入 78g尿素和 46g盐酸调节体系 pH值 =6.5, 然后升温至 9(TC,在搅拌下交换反应 0.6小时,之后将分子筛浆液过滤,进行带式交换, 带式交换条件为: 将硝酸稀土溶液升温至 88°C, 交换 pH值为 4.2, 硝酸稀土加入量为 RE203/Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.12, 带式滤机真空度为 0.05; 之后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使 其水分含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 100%水汽和 580Ό下焙烧 2小时, 制得"一交一焙" 超稳稀土钠丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛 500克 (干基 )和去离子水,制成固含量为 150g/L的浆液,加入 160g硫酸铵,调节体系 pH=4.0, 升温到 90°C, 交换 1小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼在 60%水汽和 62CTC下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫分 子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 169g 六水合氯化镁, 升温到 90'C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明 所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子筛活性组分, 记做改性分子筛 A-14。
对比例 3
本对比例说明在分子筛改性过程中仅加入盐酸时所制备 REUSY的性能特点。 按照实施例 14所示方法制备 REUSY分子筛, 仅是不加入盐酸, 其他与实施例 14 相同, 所得超稳稀土 Y型分子筛编号为 DB-3。
实施例 15 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 110g/L的浆液, 加入 42g ffl菁粉和 28g水杨酸调节体系 pH值 =6.2, 然后升温至 89°C, 在搅拌下交换反应 1小时, 之后再加入 0.48升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=3.7, 升温至 83°C, 交换反应 1小时, 之后将分子筛浆液过滤水洗, 将所 得滤饼放入交换罐中进行打浆, 再加入 1.19升的硝酸稀土(RE203/Y沸石为 0.10), 调 节体系 pH=4.1, 升温至 78°C, 交换反应 0.7小时, 之后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分 含量在 30%〜50%, 最后在 100%水汽和 630Ό下焙烧 2小时, 制得"一交一焙"超稳稀 土钠丫。在带有加热套的反应釜中,加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛 500克(干基) 和去离子水, 制成固含量为 150g/L的浆液, 加入 160g硫酸铵, 调节体系 pH=4.0, 升 温到 90°C, 交换 1小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼在 60%水汽和 620 C下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分 子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 211g 六水合氯化镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明 所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子筛活性组分, 记做改性分子筛 A-15。
实施例 16
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水, 调配成固含量为 170g/L的浆液, 加入 0.18升的硝酸稀土, 调节体系 pH=4.1, 升温至 80°C, 交换反应 1.2小时, 之后再将分子筛浆液过滤, 进行分散剂带式交换, 带 式交换条件为: 将 52g乙酸和 146g柠檬酸配置 80g/L的溶液, 并升温至 85°C, 带式滤 机真空度为 0.04;之后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,最后在 100% 水汽和 50CTC下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜 中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克 (干基) 和去离子水, 制成固含量为 150g/L的浆液, 加入 160g硫酸铵, 调节体系 pH=4.0, 升温到 90°C, 交换 1小时, 然 后过滤、 洗涤, 滤饼在 60%水汽和 620°C下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定 量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 260g六水合硝酸镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子 筛活性组分, 记做改性分子筛 A-16。
实施例 17
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水,调配成固含量为 350g/L的浆液,加入 42g柠檬酸和 28g ffl菁粉,然后升温至 82 , 在搅拌下交换反应 1.3小时,反应结束后加入 0.56升硝酸稀土,在 85°C下交换反应 0.8 小时, 之后将分子筛浆液过滤, 进行带式交换, 带式交换条件为: 将硝酸稀土溶液升温 至 88°C, 交换 pH值为 4.7, 硝酸稀土加入量为 RE203/Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.04, 带式 滤机真空度为 0.03;之后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,最后在 80% 水汽和 530Ό下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y"—交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离 子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 208g六水合硝酸镁, 升温到 9(TC, 交换 0.8 小时, 然后过滤、洗涤, 将滤饼制成固含量为 150g/L的浆液, 加入 100g硫酸铵, 调节 体系 pH=4.0, 升温到 90°C, 交换 1小时, 在 15CTC经过 3小时烘干后在 60%水汽和 620°C下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y, 记做改性分子筛 Α-17。
实施例 18
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水,调配成固含量为 350g/L的浆液,加入 42g柠檬酸和 28g田菁粉,然后升温至 82°C, 在搅拌下交换反应 1.3小时,反应结束后加入 0.56升硝酸稀土,在 85°C下交换反应 0.8 小时, 之后将分子筛浆液过滤, 进行带式交换, 带式交换条件为: 将硝酸稀土溶液升温 至 88Ό , 交换 pH值为 4.7, 硝酸稀土加入量为 RE203/Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.04, 带式 滤机真空度为 0.03;之后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,最后在 80% 水汽和 53CTC下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y"—交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙' '超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离 子水, 制成固含量为 150g/L的浆液, 加入 100g硫酸铵和 208g六水合硝酸镁, 调节体 系 pH=4.0, 升温到 90°C, 交换 1小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 在 150°C经过 3小时烘干后 在 60%水汽和 620°C下焙烧 2小时,制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳 Y,记做改性分子筛 A-18。 实施例 19
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入 3000gNaY-1分子筛(干基)和一定量的去离 子水,调配成固含量为 350g/L的浆液,加入 42g柠檬酸和 28g田菁粉,然后升温至 82Ό, 在搅拌下交换反应 1.3小时,反应结束后加入 0.56升硝酸稀土,在 85°C下交换反应 0.8 小时, 之后将分子筛浆液过滤, 进行带式交换, 带式交换条件为: 将硝酸稀土溶液升温 至 88°C, 交换 pH值为 4.7, 硝酸稀土加入量为 RE203/Y沸石 (质量) 为 0.04, 带式 滤机真空度为 0.03;之后将所得滤饼闪蒸干燥使其水分含量在 30%〜50%,最后在 80% 水汽和 530Ό下焙烧 1.5小时, 制得"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y"—交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入"一交一焙' '超稳稀土钠 Υ分子筛 500克(干基)和去离 子水, 制成固含量为 150g/L的浆液, 加入 100g硫酸铵和 68g六水合硝酸镁, 调节体 系 pH=4.0, 升温到 9(TC, 交换 1小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤, 在 150°C经过 3小时烘干后 在 60%水汽和 620°C下焙烧 2小时, 制得"二交二焙"稀土超稳丫, 将"二交二焙"稀土超 稳 Y分子筛 500克 (干基) 和一定量的去离子水, 制成固含量为 120g/L的浆液, 加入 140g六水合硝酸镁, 升温到 90°C, 交换 0.8小时, 然后过滤、 洗涤、 喷雾干燥, 制得 本发明所述的镁改性稀土超稳 Y分子筛活性组分, 记做改性分子筛 A-19。
对比例 4
本对比例使用 CN200410058089.3实施例 1所述的分子筛制备方法, 其它条件同 实施例 15。
在带有加热套的反应釜中, 依次加入去离子水和 3000gNaY分子筛 (干基), 调配 成固含量为 150g/L的浆液, 在向其中加入 450g硫酸铵, 90°C下搅拌 5分钟后用盐酸 调节体系 pH值 3.8, 继续搅拌 1小时后过滤。 滤饼加入 2kg去离子水, 再加入 1.67升 的硝酸稀土溶液, 90°C下搅拌 2小时, 加入 322g的偏铝酸钠, 258g氨水, 搅拌 10分 钟后进行过滤、 水洗, 气流干燥后进焙烧炉, 在重量空速 0.5时―1的水蒸气下 600°C焙 烧 1.5小时, 冷却后即得 DB-3A, 再按分子筛: 氯化铵: 水 =1 : 0.1: 10的比例用 90°C 的氯化铵洗涤 15分钟,加入 211g六水合氯化镁,交换 0.8小时,干燥得到分子筛成品, 编号为 DB4。
对比例 5
本对比例使用 CN200510114495.1所述的分子筛制备方法,其它条件同实施例: ^。 取 3000g (干基)由兰州石化公司催化剂厂水热法生产的超稳一交一焙分子筛样品, 加入到 3升 2N草酸水溶液中搅拌使其混合均匀, 升温至 90〜100°C反应 1小时后, 过 滤水洗, 将所得滤饼至于 6升去离子水中, 并加入 1.46升的硝酸稀土溶液, 加入 211g 六水合氯化镁, 升温至 90〜95°C下反应 1小时, 然后过滤水洗, 滤饼于 120°C下烘干, 即得该对比例分子筛样品, 记为 DB-5。
对比例 6
本对比例使用 CN97122039.5所述的分子筛制备方法, 其它条件同实施例 4。 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入去离子水和 3000g (干基) NaY-1分子筛, 调配成 固含量为 90g/L的浆液, 搅拌升温至 80°C, 加入 59g的盐酸, 恒温 8小时, 加入 1.65 升的氯化稀土溶液和 1200g固体氯化铵, 加入 211g六水合氣化镁, 搅拌 1小时, 过滤 水洗至无氯离子被检出, 所得湿滤饼(水分含量 47%)于 600Ό下焙烧 2小时, 即得该 对比例分子筛样品, 记为 DB-6。
工业实用性
实例中所用的分析测试方法。
1. 晶胞常数 (ao): X-光衍射法。
2. 结晶度 (C/C0): X-光衍射法。
3. 硅铝比: X-光衍射法。
4. Na20含量: 火焰光度法。
5. RE203含量: 比色法。
6. 颗粒粒径: 使用仪器为 MICRO-PLUS 型激光粒度仪, 全量程完全米氏理论, 测试范围为 0.05〜550μηι
将本发明实施例及对比例所得超稳稀土 Υ型分子筛理化性质列于表 1。 表 1 分子筛理化性质
Figure imgf000019_0001
A-14 11.93 0.90 3J8 2.469 51 2.92 15.84
A-15 14.00 1.02 4.69 2.470 47 2.70 16.46
A-16 1.53 1.09 4.72 2.454 62 2.92 14.51
A-17 8.69 0.80 2.65 2.464 55 2.66 13.52
A-18 8.78 0.85 3.02 2.465 54 2.69 13.71
A-19 8.72 0.78 3.47 2.466 53 2.66 13.43
DB-1 6.72 1.06 0.83 2.468 46 4.28 33.56
DB-2 15.42 1.04 2.81 2.473 41 4.56 36.85
DB-3 12.00 1.62 3.82 2.470 42 4.76 40.15
DB-4 13.94 1.70 4.65 24.72 40 4.69 39.42
DB-5 8.24 1.53 4.03 24.68 48 4.85 37.48
DB-6 12.80 1.81 2.37 24.69 43 4.80 41.62 本发明提供的超稳稀土 Y型分子筛其特征在于分子筛含氧化镁 0.5〜5重%, 氧化 稀土 1〜20 重%, 氧化钠不大于 1.2 重%, 结晶度 46〜63%, 晶胞参数 2.454nm〜 2.471 nm, 分子筛粒径 D(v, 0.5)不大于 3.0μιη、 D(v, 0.9)不大于 20μιτι;
从表中数据可知: 1 )本发明所制备的分子筛氧化钠不大于 1.2m%, 氧化镁 0.5〜5 重%, 氧化稀土含量在 1〜20m%之间, 晶胞常数在 2.454〜2.471之间, 相对结晶度在 46%〜63%之间。 2) 与对比分子筛相比, 本发明所制备的分子筛粒径分布明显小于对 比分子筛,其中分子筛 D(v, 0.5)粒径不大于 3.0μηι,分子筛 D(v, 0.9)粒径不大于 20μπι, 表明该专利所提供的分子筛制备方法可显著提高分子筛颗粒的分散度, 降低颗粒的团聚 度。 3) 以超稳 Υ型分子筛为原料改性分子筛, 由于其超稳后晶胞收缩, 孔道内部存在 部分碎片铝, 增加了稀土交换阻力, 导致对比例 5稀土利用率低。 4) 按照对比例 6制 备分子筛, 由于铵盐与稀土混合进行交换, 稀土离子与铵根离子存在竞争反应, 影响了 稀土离子的准确定位, 表现在其稀土利用率低。
将实施例 1〜16和对比例 1〜6成品分子筛按照以下交换条件进行 3次铵盐交换, 考察分子筛稀土含量和滤液中稀土含量的变化, 确定稀土离子是否定位于方钠石笼。 分 析结果如表 2所示。
交换条件: 在带有加热套的反应釜中, 加入 100g分子筛和 0.6升的去离子水, 在 搅拌状态下加入 40g的铵盐, 然后升温至 85°C交换 1小时, 然后过滤, 并用 0.4升的 化学水水洗, 收集滤液和滤饼, 分析稀土含量。
从表 2分析结果可知,与对比例相比,按照本发明提供的 Y型分子筛改性方法制备 的分子筛, 经过 3次铵盐反复交换, 滤液中基本没有稀土离子, 该结果表明稀土离子全 部定位于分子筛方钠石笼。
表 3是实施例 1〜16和对比例 1〜6所得的超稳稀土 Y型分子筛稳定性分析结果。 表 3分析数据表明, 与对比分子筛相比, 按照本发明制备的分子筛崩塌温度提高 12Ό 以上, 相对结晶度保留率增加 11.6个百分点以上, 表明本发明所提供的制备方法可显 著改善分子筛的热稳定性和水热稳定性。
表 2稀土含量分析
Figure imgf000021_0001
A-14 12.13 未检出
A-15 14.28 未检出
A-16 1.68 未检出
A-17 8.72 未检出
A-18 8.79 未检出
A-19 8.74 未检出
DB-1 6.22 0.53
DB-2 14.93 0.49
DB-3 11.38 0.66
DB-4 12.96 0.89
DB-5 7.68 0.51
DB-6 12.21 0.59
表 3 分子筛活性稳定性分析结果
Figure imgf000022_0001
A-14 71.3 1032
A-15 69.8 1014
A-16 71.6 1030
A-17 71.7 1019
A-18 71.0 1020
A-19 71.5 1026
DB-1 51.8 996
DB-2 53.2 990
DB-3 57.1 1000
DB-4 56.3 991
DB-5 55.8 1000
DB-6 57.5 997
备注: 相对结晶度保留率 =相对结晶度 (老化样品)湘对结晶度 (新鲜样品) χΐοο%
老化条件: 800°C、 100%水汽下老化 2小时
为考察本发明分子筛的重油转化能力和综合产品分布, 进行了如下实验: 按照常规 制备半合成催化剂的制备方法, 按照 35%的分子筛 (含本发明分子筛和对比分子筛)、 20%的氧化铝、 8%的铝溶胶粘结剂和 37%的高岭土的催化剂配方,制备了 FCC催化剂。 并进行了重油微反评价, 评价条件为: 原料油为新疆催料, 剂油比 4, 反应温度 530°C。 评价结果如表 4所示。评价结果表明, 以本发明提供的丫型分子筛为活性组分制备的催 化剂, 具有优异的重油转化能力和产品选择性。
ACE重油微反评价结果
Figure imgf000023_0001
焦炭 6.53 6.03 5.26 6.15 6.42 7.03 7.03 总计 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 转化率, m% 85.94 85.24 84.14 85.56 83.96 84.55 84.88 总液收, m% 86.82 87.17 87.57 87.12 85.38 85.33 85.42 轻收, m% 63.24 63.94 64.54 63.96 63.47 62.76 62.63 本发明是以 NaY分子筛为原料, 在 NaY分子筛一次交换和一次焙烧过程中, 不加 入含铵离子溶液, 避免了其与稀土离子发生竞争反应, 降低了稀土离子交换利用率; 同 时采用分散预交换, 降低颗粒交换阻力, 使稀土离子定位于方钠石笼; 在分散预交换过 程加入一种分散剂, 即可达到本发明提供分子筛效果, 但是两种以上分散剂的加入可同 时降低稀土液相和超稳过程的交换阻力, 可提高分子筛的稳定性, 最大化发挥分子筛裂 化性能; 对之采用镁改性后可调控分子筛的酸性, 制备出同时具有高稳定性和高产品选 择性的 Y型分子筛, 采用该分子筛制备裂化催化剂, 可控制裂化过程不同反应的比例, 减少轻质油的进一步裂化, 提高轻质油收率。
按照本发明提供的方法可有效降低分子筛晶粒的团聚度, 增加分子筛的分散性, 使 稀土离子全部交换进入分子筛超笼和方钠石笼,并在后续水汽焙烧过程中稀土离子从分 子筛超笼全部进入方钠石笼, 体现在分子筛经过铵盐交换后, 分子筛稀土含量不降低, 同时滤液中没有稀土离子。 稀土离子全部定位于方钠石笼抑制了水汽老化过程骨架脱 铝, 提高了分子筛的活性稳定性; 分子筛超笼和表面没有稀土离子, 减少了分子筛孔道 酸性中心的密度和强度, 提高了分子筛的焦炭选择性和活性中心二次利用率; 同时该方 法大大降低了分子筛生产过程的铵盐用量, 是一种清洁化分子筛改性技术。

Claims

1. 一种镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛,其特征在于分子筛含氧化镁 0.2〜5重%,氧化稀 土 1〜20重%, 氧化钠不大于 1.2重%, 结晶度 46〜63%, 晶胞参数 2.454nm〜 2.471 nm, 该分子筛的制备过程包含了稀土交换、 分散预交换和镁盐交换改性, 其 中镁盐交换改性在稀土交换和分散预交换之后进行; 稀土交换、 分散预交换的先后 次序不限, 稀土交换与分散预交换是连续进行, 之间没有焙烧过程; 分散预交换是 指将分子筛浆液浓度调为固含量为 80〜400g/L, 加入 0.2重量%〜7重量%的分散 剂进行分散预交换, 交换温度为 0〜100°C, 交换时间为 0.1〜1.5小时; 分散预交 换过程所述分散剂选自田菁粉、 硼酸、 尿素、 乙醇、 聚丙烯酰胺、 乙酸、 草酸、 已 二酸、 甲酸、 盐酸、 硝酸、 柠檬酸、 水杨酸、 酒石酸、 苯甲酸、 淀粉中的一种或多 种; 稀土交换、 分散预交换中没有使用铵盐。
2. 根据权利要求 1中所述的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛,其特征在于稀土交换的条件 为: 分子筛浆液浓度调至固含量为 80〜400g/L, 稀土化合物加入量以 RE203计, RE203/NaY分子筛的质量比为 0.005〜0.25, 交换温度为 0〜100°C, 交换 pH值为 2.5〜6.0, 交换时间为 0.1〜2小时。
3. 根据权利要求 1中所述的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛,其特征在于镁盐交换改性的 条件为: 将分子筛浆液浓度调为固含量为 80〜400g/L, 加入 0.2重量%〜8重量% 的镁盐进行交换改性, 交换温度为 0〜100°C, 交换时间为 0.1〜1.5小时。
4. 根据权利要求 2中所述的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛,其特征在于稀土化合物为氯 化稀土或硝酸稀土或硫酸稀土。
5. 根据权利要求 4中所述的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛,其特征在于稀土为富镧稀土、 富铈稀土、 纯镧稀土或纯铈稀土。
6. 根据权利要求 3中所述的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛,其特征在于镁盐选自氯化镁、 硝酸镁、 硫酸镁中的一种或多种。
7. 根据权利要求 1中所述的镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛,其特征在于分散剂加入量为 0.2重量%〜5重量%。
8. 一种权利要求 1所述镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛的制备方法, 其特征在于以 NaY 分子筛为原料,经过稀土交换、分散预交换和第一次焙烧,获得"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y 分子筛, 再将"一交一焙"稀土钠 Y分子筛经过铵盐交换降钠、 镁盐交换改性和第二 次焙烧, 从而获得镁改性超稳稀土 Y型分子筛, 其中镁盐与铵盐的加入次序不进行 限定, 第二次焙烧是在铵盐交换降钠后进行的, 镁盐交换改性既可以在第二次焙烧 前进行, 也可在第二次焙烧后进行, 还可在第二次焙烧前后同时进行。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的制备方法,其特征在于以 NaY分子筛为原料,经过稀土交换、 分散预交换和第一次焙烧,稀土交换、分散预交换的先后次序不限,获得"一交一焙" 稀土钠 Y分子筛, 经过钹盐交换降钠, 之后进行过滤、水洗和第二次焙烧, 得"二交 二焙" REUSY分子筛后, 再经过镁盐交换改性, 后经过滤、 水洗或是不经过过滤、 水洗, 得到 Mg-REUSY分子筛。
10.根据权利要求 8所述的制备方法,其特征在于以 NaY分子筛为原料,经过稀土交换、 分散预交换和第一次焙烧,稀土交换、分散预交换的先后次序不限,获得"一交一焙" 稀土钠 Y分子筛, 经过铵盐交换降钠和镁盐交换改性, 之后进行过滤、 水洗和第二 次焙烧, 得"二交二焙" REUSY分子筛后, 再经过镁盐交换改性, 后经过滤、 水洗或 是不经过过滤、 水洗, 得到 Mg-REUSY分子筛。
11.根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法, 其特征在于 NaY分子筛稀土交换和分 散预交换之间, 分子筛可以不用洗涤、 过滤, 也可以进行洗涤、 过滤。
12.根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法, 其特征在于铵盐交换降钠的条件为: 将"一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y分子筛加入去离子水, 固含量调配为 100〜400g/L, NH4 +/NaY分子筛质量比为 0.02〜0.40, pH值为 2.5〜5.0,在 60'C〜95°C下反应 0.3〜1.5小时; 第二次焙烧条件为, 将所得滤饼在 35(TC〜700°C、 0〜100%水汽 焙烧 0.3〜3.5小时。
13.根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法,其特征在于第一次焙烧条件为 350'C〜
700 °C、 0〜100%水汽焙烧 0.3〜3.5小时。
14.根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法,其特征在于 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y 分子筛获得采用下述方法: NaY分子筛首先经过稀土交换, 反应结束后进行过滤、 洗涤; 之后将滤饼再与分散剂混合均匀进行预交换反应, 最后将滤饼千燥后进行焙 烧。
15.根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法,其特征在于 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y 分子筛获得采用下述方法: NaY分子筛首先经过分散预交换, 反应结束后过滤、 洗涤获得滤饼; 将滤饼与稀土化合物溶液充分混合均匀进行滤饼交换, 反应结束后 将滤饼干燥后进行焙烧。
16.根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法,其特征在于 "一交一焙"超稳稀土钠 Y 分子筛获得采用下述方法: NaY 分子筛首先经过分散预交换, 之后再加入稀土化 合物进行罐式交换, 反应结束后进行过滤、 洗涤和焙烧。
根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法,其特征在于 "一交一焙" 超稳稀土钠 Y 分子筛获得采用下述方法: NaY分子筛首先经过稀土交换, 反应结束后再加入分散 剂进行分散预交换反应, 最后进行过滤、 洗涤和焙烧。
根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法, 其特征在于 NaY分子筛首先经过分散 预交换, 反应结束后将分子筛桨液在带式滤机上进行过滤、 稀土带式交换和滤饼水 洗, 其中在带式滤机上进行稀土带式交换条件为: 交换温度为 60°C〜95°C, 交换 pH值为 3.2〜4.8, 带式滤机真空度为 0.03〜0.05。
根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法, 其特征在于 NaY分子筛首先经过稀土 交换, 反应结束后将分子筛浆液在带式滤机上进行过滤、 带式分散预交换和滤饼水 洗,其中在带式滤机上进行带式分散预交换条件为:加入量为 0.2重量%〜7重量%, 交换温度为 0〜100°C, 交换时间为 0.1〜1.5小时,带式滤机真空度为 0.03〜0.05。 根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法, 其特征在于 NaY分子筛在进行稀土交 换时在稀土总量不变的前提下, 将稀土化合物溶液分为若干份, 进行罐式交换、 带 式交换和 /或滤饼交换。 '
根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法, 其特征在于在分散预交换时, 在分散 剂总量不变的前提下, 将分散剂分为若干份, 进行罐式交换、 带式交换和 /或滤饼交 换。
根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法, 其特征在于在分散预交换时, 先选用 一种分散剂与 NaY分子筛进行分散预交换反应,之后再进行稀土交换反应, 反应结 束后再加入另外一种分散剂进行二次分散预交换, 在两次分散预交换之间分子筛可 以过滤也可以不过滤。
根据权利要求 8或 9或 10所述的制备方法, 其特征在于镁盐交换改性时, 在镁盐 总量不变的前提下, 将镁盐化合物溶液分为若干份, 进行罐式交换、 带式交换和 / 或滤饼交换。
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