WO2013046651A1 - 蛍光体分散液、およびled装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
蛍光体分散液、およびled装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013046651A1 WO2013046651A1 PCT/JP2012/006112 JP2012006112W WO2013046651A1 WO 2013046651 A1 WO2013046651 A1 WO 2013046651A1 JP 2012006112 W JP2012006112 W JP 2012006112W WO 2013046651 A1 WO2013046651 A1 WO 2013046651A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phosphor
- dispersion liquid
- phosphor dispersion
- led device
- fine particles
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0095—Post-treatment of devices, e.g. annealing, recrystallisation or short-circuit elimination
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a phosphor dispersion liquid in which phosphor particles are dispersed, and a method for manufacturing an LED device using the same.
- a light-emitting device (LED device) using an LED chip has been applied to various uses as the light-emitting device has higher brightness and higher demand for energy saving.
- a white LED device that emits white light by combining blue light and yellow light by combining a blue LED chip and a phosphor that emits yellow light by receiving blue light is known.
- Such white LED devices have come to be used as lighting for electric lights that require white light, backlights for liquid crystal display devices, and the like.
- white light is also obtained by combining an LED chip that emits ultraviolet light and a phosphor that emits blue, green, and red light by ultraviolet light.
- white LED devices white LED devices that emit white light by combining LED chips that emit blue light, and phosphors that emit red and green light, and the like are also being studied.
- a white LED device combining such an LED chip and a phosphor can obtain white light with a single LED chip, and therefore, compared with a white LED device that combines a plurality of LED chips of different colors to produce white light.
- the device can be simplified. Further, it is preferably used because power consumption can be suppressed.
- the light from the white LED device that combines the LED chip and the phosphor is colored when the balance between the light emitted from the LED chip and the fluorescence from the phosphor is lost. Further, when the light from the white LED device is colored, there also arises a problem of “color unevenness” in which the color (chromaticity) varies depending on the observation angle of the white LED device.
- the light from the white LED device is colored or uneven in color is because the phosphors in the LED device are unevenly present.
- a curable resin composition in which phosphor particles are dispersed is applied to an LED chip and cured to provide a phosphor layer around the LED chip to obtain a white LED device. It was.
- the phosphor is an inorganic metal compound having a very high specific gravity. Therefore, the phosphor in the curable resin composition is precipitated, and the phosphor particles are likely to be deposited unevenly on the LED chip. As a result, the light from the white LED device is colored or uneven in color.
- the liquid sealing material contains phosphor particles and an anti-settling material for the phosphor particles. Accordingly, a technique for preventing sedimentation of phosphor particles having a high specific gravity is disclosed (see Patent Document 1). Furthermore, after providing the phosphor particle-containing sealing layer around the LED chip, the sealing layer is cured while rotating the light emitting device, thereby reducing the chromaticity difference, that is, color unevenness in the light emitting device (patent) Reference 1).
- a white LED device is obtained by depositing phosphor particles on a light emitting surface of an LED chip (see Patent Document 2).
- phosphor particles cannot be applied to the corners and side surfaces of LED chips, and the phosphor-containing coating is applied to the problem that the wavelength conversion efficiency is reduced and chromaticity deviation and color tone unevenness occur in each direction. It describes that these problems can be improved by spraying the liquid while rotating it in a mist and spiral manner (see Patent Document 2).
- coloring and color unevenness in one white LED device that is, chromaticity deviation due to the angle of light from one white LED device can be improved to some extent.
- a white lighting device including a plurality of white LED devices has been developed, and has come to be used in a lighting device for automobiles that require high brightness, a lighting device for stores in which chromaticity is particularly important, and the like. . In such a white lighting device, it has become important to strictly match the chromaticity of each white LED device.
- illumination from a white illuminating device with high brightness using a plurality of white LED devices is recognized as illumination with uneven color at a distance when there is a difference in chromaticity of light from the plurality of white LED devices. . Therefore, it is more important to suppress chromaticity variation between white LED devices than in the past.
- a coating device such as a dispenser or a spray is used. If these coating devices are used, a plurality of white LED devices can be manufactured continuously.
- the liquid substance containing the phosphor particles stored in the coating liquid tank is stirred by the stirring apparatus in the coating liquid tank, and the phosphor in the liquid substance is uniformly dispersed by this stirring. To do.
- the liquid substance containing the fluorescent substance stirred in the coating liquid tank is supplied to the head of the coating apparatus, and is applied onto the LED chip through the nozzle. In this way, the variation in the emission color of the LED device is reduced.
- the phosphor becomes sufficiently dispersed. There was a problem that it took time.
- the storage container usually does not have a stirring device, a part of the phosphor particles may settle and adhere to the inner wall of the storage container. Since the amount of the sticking also changes depending on the storage time in the storage container, the amount of the liquid phosphor put into the coating solution tank slightly changes depending on the storage time in the storage container. As a result, it was not possible to sufficiently reduce the variation in chromaticity of light emission of the obtained LED device.
- the present invention provides a phosphor dispersion liquid in which a phosphor is a dispersoid, and the phosphor dispersion liquid that hardly precipitates even when left standing and hardly adheres to the inner wall of a storage container.
- the first of the present invention relates to the phosphor dispersion liquid shown below.
- a phosphor dispersion liquid including a dispersion solvent, phosphor particles dispersed in the dispersion solvent, layered clay mineral fine particles, and oxide fine particles, and the phosphor filled in 5 ml in a glass bottle having an inner diameter of 15 mm.
- a phosphor dispersion liquid in which, when the dispersion liquid is allowed to stand, the time until a supernatant layer is generated by sedimentation of the phosphor particles is 4 hours or more.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid according to [1] wherein the phosphor dispersion liquid has a viscosity of 80 cp to 1000 cp.
- a step of preparing an LED chip mounting package including a package and an LED chip having a light emitting surface arranged in the package; and the phosphor dispersion liquid according to [1] on the light emitting surface of the LED chip.
- a method of manufacturing an LED device comprising: applying a phosphor to form a phosphor layer.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid is applied by a spray coating apparatus, and the spray coating apparatus coats a coating liquid tank for storing the phosphor dispersion liquid, a head having a nozzle for discharging the phosphor dispersion liquid,
- the generation time of the supernatant layer generated by the sedimentation of the phosphor is 4 hours or more, and the phosphor is difficult to settle. Therefore, when the phosphor dispersion liquid is applied by a coating apparatus, the time necessary for dispersing the phosphor dispersion liquid before the start of application is shortened. Therefore, the working efficiency of applying the phosphor dispersion liquid is improved.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid even if the phosphor dispersion liquid is stored in the storage container for a long time, the phosphor dispersion liquid hardly adheres to the inner wall of the storage container and can be stored for a long time.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid includes a dispersion solvent, and phosphor particles, layered clay mineral fine particles, and oxide fine particles dispersed in the dispersion solvent.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid may further contain an arbitrary additive.
- the phosphor particles are excited by the wavelength (excitation wavelength) of the emitted light from the LED chip, and emit fluorescence having a wavelength different from the excitation wavelength.
- the phosphor particles emit yellow fluorescence, thereby obtaining a white LED device.
- Examples of phosphors that emit yellow fluorescence include YAG (yttrium, aluminum, garnet) phosphors.
- the YAG phosphor can emit excitation light composed of blue light (wavelength 420 nm to 485 nm) emitted from the blue LED chip and emit yellow light (wavelength 550 nm to 650 nm).
- phosphors can be obtained by, for example, 1) mixing an appropriate amount of a fluoride such as ammonium fluoride as a flux into a mixed raw material having a predetermined composition and pressurizing it to obtain a molded body, and 2) placing the obtained molded body in a crucible. It can be manufactured by packing and firing in air at a temperature range of 1350 to 1450 ° C. for 2 to 5 hours to obtain a sintered body.
- a fluoride such as ammonium fluoride
- a mixed raw material having a predetermined composition is obtained by sufficiently mixing the oxides of Y, Gd, Ce, Sm, Al, La, and Ga, or compounds that easily become oxides at high temperatures in a stoichiometric ratio. Can do.
- the mixed raw material having a predetermined composition is a coprecipitation oxidation obtained by firing a solution obtained by dissolving a rare earth element of Y, Gd, Ce, and Sm in an acid in a stoichiometric ratio and coprecipitating with oxalic acid. It can be obtained by mixing a material with aluminum oxide and gallium oxide.
- the kind of the phosphor is not limited to the YAG phosphor, and other phosphors such as a non-garnet phosphor not containing Ce can also be used.
- the average particle size of the phosphor is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle size of the phosphor is too large, a gap generated at the interface between the phosphor and the binder in the phosphor layer increases, and the film strength of the phosphor layer decreases.
- the average particle diameter of the phosphor can be measured, for example, by a Coulter counter method.
- the main component of the layered clay mineral fine particles is a layered silicate mineral, preferably a swellable clay mineral having a mica structure, a kaolinite structure, a smectite structure, etc., and a swellable clay mineral having a smectite structure rich in swelling properties. More preferred.
- the layered clay mineral fine particles are present as a card house structure in the phosphor dispersion liquid, and the viscosity of the phosphor dispersion liquid can be significantly increased with a small amount. Further, since the layered clay mineral fine particles have a flat plate shape, the film strength of the phosphor layer (see FIG. 1) can be improved.
- the content of the layered clay mineral fine particles in the phosphor dispersion is preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight.
- the surface of the layered clay mineral fine particles may be modified (surface treatment) with an ammonium salt or the like.
- the oxide fine particles may be fine particles such as silicon oxide, titanium oxide, and zinc oxide.
- the binder in the phosphor layer is a ceramic that is a cured product of a silicon-containing organic compound such as polysiloxane
- the oxide fine particles may be silicon oxide from the viewpoint of stability with respect to the formed ceramic. preferable.
- the content of oxide fine particles in the phosphor dispersion is preferably 1 to 40% by weight.
- Oxide fine particles function as a filler that fills the gap formed at the interface between the binder and the phosphor and lamellar clay mineral fine particles, function as a thickener that increases the viscosity of the phosphor dispersion liquid, It can function as a film-strengthening agent that improves the film strength.
- the average particle diameter of the oxide fine particles is preferably 0.001 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less in consideration of the respective effects described above.
- the average particle diameter of the oxide fine particles can be measured, for example, by a Coulter counter method.
- the surface of the oxide fine particles may be treated with a silane coupling agent or a titanium coupling agent. By the surface treatment, the compatibility of the oxide fine particles with the organometallic compound and the organic solvent is increased.
- the dispersion solvent in the phosphor dispersion liquid preferably contains alcohols.
- the alcohol may be a monohydric alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, or butanol, or a dihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol. Two or more alcohols may be combined. If a divalent or higher alcohol is used as a dispersion solvent, it is easy to increase the viscosity of the phosphor dispersion liquid and to prevent sedimentation of the phosphor particles as the dispersoid.
- the boiling point of the dispersion solvent is preferably 250 ° C. or lower. This is to facilitate drying of the dispersion solvent from the dispersion solution. If the boiling point is too high, the dispersion solvent evaporates slowly, and when the dispersion solution is applied to form a coating film, the phosphor flows in the coating film.
- Any polyhydric alcohol can be used as long as it can be used as a solvent.
- the polyhydric alcohol that can be used include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, and preferably ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and 1,3-butane. Diol, 1,4-butanediol, and the like.
- a part of the dispersion solvent in the phosphor dispersion liquid may be water.
- water When water is contained in the phosphor dispersion liquid, water enters between the layers of the layered clay mineral fine particles, the layered clay mineral fine particles swell, and the viscosity of the phosphor dispersion liquid is more likely to increase.
- the content of water in the dispersion solvent is preferably 5% by weight or more based on the total amount of the solvent. If the proportion of water is less than 5% by weight, the thickening effect may not be sufficiently obtained; if the proportion of water exceeds 60% by weight, the viscosity decreases due to excessive mixing of water rather than the thickening effect. It becomes easy. Therefore, the ratio of water is preferably 5% by weight to 60% by weight and more preferably 7% by weight to 55% by weight with respect to the total amount of solvent.
- the viscosity of the phosphor dispersion is usually 10 to 1000 cp, preferably 80 to 1000 cp, and more preferably 200 to 450 cp.
- the viscosity is low, the phosphor particles easily settle in the phosphor dispersion liquid, and the time until the supernatant layer is generated is shortened.
- the viscosity is too high, it is difficult to apply the phosphor dispersion, particularly by spraying.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention is characterized in that phosphor particles that are dispersoids are difficult to settle. Specifically, when the phosphor dispersion liquid (5 ml) of the present invention was filled in a glass bottle having an inner diameter of 15 mm and allowed to stand for 4 hours, no supernatant layer was generated. Generation
- production of a supernatant layer can be confirmed visually and generation
- the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention is obtained by adding phosphor particles, layered clay mineral fine particles and oxide fine particles and, if necessary, other additives to a dispersion solvent to obtain a mixed solution; It can be produced by stirring.
- each component is not particularly limited, but when water is used as a part of the dispersion solvent, 1) Preliminarily mix the layered clay mineral fine particles (one that has been lipophilicly surface-treated) with a dispersion solvent other than water. Then, phosphor particles, oxide fine particles, other additives, and water are added and mixed, and stirred. 2) Preliminary mixing of layered clay mineral fine particles (lipophilic surface-treated) and water And the aspect which stirs phosphor particle
- the stirring of the mixed liquid can be performed using, for example, a stirring mill, a blade kneading stirring device, a thin film swirl type dispersing machine, or the like. By adjusting the stirring conditions, it is possible to suppress the precipitation of the phosphor particles in the phosphor dispersion.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention can be used to form a phosphor layer in an LED device (described later).
- the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention is preferably combined with a binder solution and applied to an LED chip to form a phosphor layer.
- the binder to be combined may be an organic resin or a transparent ceramic.
- the LED device includes a package, an LED chip, and a phosphor layer that covers a light emitting surface of the LED chip.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the LED device 100.
- the LED device includes a package 1 having a recess 11, a metal part (metal wiring) 2, an LED chip 3 disposed in the recess 11 of the package 1, and a protruding electrode 4 that connects the metal part 2 and the LED chip 3.
- the aspect which connects the metal part 2 and LED chip 3 via the protruding electrode 4 is called flip chip type.
- Package 1 is, for example, liquid crystal polymer or ceramic, but the material is not particularly limited as long as it has insulation and heat resistance.
- the LED chip 3 is, for example, a blue LED chip.
- blue LED chip configurations include an n-GaN compound semiconductor layer (cladding layer), an InGaN compound semiconductor layer (light emitting layer), and a p-GaN compound semiconductor layer (cladding layer) stacked on a sapphire substrate. ) And a transparent electrode layer.
- the LED chip 3 has a surface of, for example, 200 to 300 ⁇ m ⁇ 200 to 300 ⁇ m, and the height of the LED chip 3 is, for example, several tens of ⁇ m.
- one LED chip 3 is disposed in the recess 11 of the package 1; however, a plurality of LED chips 3 may be disposed in the recess 11 of the package 1.
- the LED device 100 has a phosphor layer 6 that covers the light emitting surface of the LED chip 3.
- the phosphor layer 6 is a layer containing phosphor particles.
- the phosphor layer 6 only needs to cover the light emitting surface of the LED chip 3 (typically, the upper surface of the LED chip), and may cover the side surface of the LED chip 3 as shown in FIG. Good.
- the thickness of the phosphor layer 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 15 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
- the phosphor layer 6 is a layer that receives light (excitation light) emitted from the LED chip 3 and emits fluorescence. By mixing excitation light and fluorescence, light of a desired color is emitted from the LED device 100. For example, if the light from the LED chip 3 is blue and the fluorescence from the phosphor layer 6 is yellow, the LED device 100 is a white LED device.
- the phosphor layer 6 is required to have phosphor particles uniformly present. This is to make the light emitted from the LED device 100 have a desired color.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention can be used to form the phosphor layer 6.
- the phosphor layer 6 contains phosphor particles, layered clay mineral fine particles and oxide fine particles, a binder, and other optional components.
- the content of the phosphor particles in the phosphor layer 6 is preferably 50 to 95% by weight.
- the binder may be a transparent organic resin such as a silicone resin, or may be a transparent ceramic such as glass; however, from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the phosphor layer 6, the binder is a transparent ceramic. It is preferable.
- the content of the binder (transparent ceramic) in the phosphor layer 6 is preferably 2% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less, and more preferably 2.5% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less.
- the content of the binder (transparent ceramic) in the phosphor layer 6 is less than 2% by weight, the ceramic as the binder is too little, and thus the strength of the phosphor layer 6 after heating and firing is lowered.
- the content of the binder (transparent ceramic) exceeds 50% by weight, the content of layered clay mineral fine particles and inorganic fine particles is relatively lowered.
- the strength of the phosphor layer 6 is lowered.
- the content of the layered clay mineral fine particles in the phosphor layer 6 is relatively lowered, the content of the layered clay mineral fine particles in the phosphor dispersion liquid is likely to be lowered, and the viscosity of the phosphor dispersion liquid is also liable to be lowered.
- the content of the layered silicate mineral in the phosphor layer 6 is preferably 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, and more preferably 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight.
- the content of the layered silicate mineral in the phosphor layer 6 is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect of increasing the viscosity of the phosphor dispersion cannot be obtained sufficiently.
- the content of the layered silicate mineral exceeds 20% by weight, the strength of the ceramic layer is lowered.
- the content of the oxide fine particles in the phosphor layer 6 is preferably 0.5% by weight to 50% by weight, and more preferably 1% by weight to 40% by weight. When the content of the oxide fine particles in the phosphor layer 6 is less than 0.5% by weight or more than 50% by weight, the strength of the phosphor layer 6 is not sufficiently increased.
- the LED device has a step of preparing an LED chip mounting package in which the LED chip is mounted on the package, and a phosphor layer is formed by applying “phosphor dispersion liquid” and “binder solution” to the light emitting surface of the LED chip. And a process including the steps of:
- the LED chip mounting package 90 includes a package 1 and an LED chip 3 arranged on the package 1 (see FIG. 2).
- the phosphor dispersion liquid and the binder solution are applied to the light emitting surface of the LED chip 3 of the LED chip mounting package 90, but the order of applying the phosphor dispersion liquid and the binder solution is not limited, and may be applied simultaneously.
- the application of the phosphor dispersion liquid and the application of the binder solution may be repeated a plurality of times.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid described above can be used as the phosphor dispersion liquid applied to the LED chip.
- Binder solution contains a binder or a precursor thereof.
- the binder is preferably a silicone resin or a transparent ceramic.
- the binder is a silicone resin, it is preferable to add a silicone resin to the binder solution.
- the binder is a transparent ceramic, it is preferable to mix an organometallic compound that is a precursor of the transparent ceramic into the binder solution.
- the organometallic compound contained in the binder solution becomes a transparent ceramic (preferably a glass ceramic) through a sol-gel reaction.
- the generated ceramic combines the phosphor, the layered silicate mineral, and the inorganic fine particles to form a phosphor layer that seals the LED chip.
- organometallic compounds include metal alkoxides, metal acetylacetonates, metal carboxylates, etc., but metal alkoxides that are easily gelled by hydrolysis and polymerization reactions are preferred.
- metal alkoxides that are easily gelled by hydrolysis and polymerization reactions are preferred.
- There is no limitation on the type of metal as long as a translucent glass ceramic can be formed. From the viewpoint of the stability of the formed glass ceramic and the ease of production, it is preferable to contain silicon.
- a plurality of types of organometallic compounds may be combined.
- the metal alkoxide may be a single molecule such as tetraethoxysilane, or may be a polysiloxane in which an organic siloxane compound is linked in a chain or in a cyclic manner; according to polysiloxane, the viscosity of the binder solution can be increased.
- organometallic compounds include polysilazanes.
- Polysilazane can be represented by the general formula: (R 1 R 2 SiNR 3 ) n .
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, an aryl group, a vinyl group or a cycloalkyl group, but at least one of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 is A hydrogen atom, preferably all hydrogen atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 60.
- the molecular shape of polysilazane may be any shape, for example, linear or cyclic.
- the binder solution may contain a reaction accelerator together with an organometallic compound (particularly polysilazane).
- the reaction accelerator may be an acid or a base.
- Specific examples of reaction accelerators include bases such as triethylamine, diethylamine, N, N-diethylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylamine, hydrochloric acid, oxalic acid, fumaric acid, sulfonic acid, Examples include, but are not limited to, acetic acid, metal carboxylates including nickel, iron, palladium, iridium, platinum, titanium, and aluminum.
- a particularly preferred reaction accelerator is a metal carboxylate, and the addition amount is preferably 0.01 to 5 mol% based on polysilazane.
- the binder solution may contain a solvent.
- the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogen hydrocarbons, ethers, esters and the like.
- Preferred solvents are methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, toluene, xylene, dimethyl fluoride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl ether, isopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, ethyl butyl ether and the like.
- the concentration of polysilazane in the binder solution is preferably 5 to 50 wt% (wt%).
- the binder solution When using a polysilazane solution as a binder solution, it is preferable to apply the binder solution and heat the coating film or to irradiate the coating film with light so that the coating film becomes a ceramic film.
- the temperature at which the coating film is heated is preferably 150 ° C. to 500 ° C., more preferably 150 ° C. to 350 ° C., from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the liquid crystal polymer used as the LED chip package.
- UVU radiation eg, excimer light
- heat curing is further performed to further improve the moisture penetration preventing effect. it can.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid and the binder solution are applied to the LED chip by a coating device to form a phosphor layer.
- a coating device examples include a spray coating device and a dispenser coating device. If these coating apparatuses are used, a some LED apparatus can be manufactured continuously.
- the coating apparatus includes a coating liquid tank that stores a coating liquid (phosphor dispersion liquid or binder solution), a head having a nozzle for discharging the coating liquid, and a connecting pipe that communicates the coating liquid tank with the nozzle. It is preferable.
- FIG. 2 shows an outline of a spray device for applying the coating liquid.
- the coating liquid 220 in the coating liquid tank 210 in the coating apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 2 is supplied with pressure to the head 240 through the connecting pipe 230.
- the coating liquid 220 supplied to the head 240 is discharged from the nozzle 250 and applied to the application target (LED chip).
- the coating liquid is discharged from the nozzle 250 by wind pressure.
- An opening that can be freely opened and closed is provided at the tip of the nozzle 250, and the opening may be opened and closed to control on / off of the discharge operation.
- a stirring device 260 is provided inside the coating liquid tank 210 of the coating device 200.
- the stirring device 260 is, for example, a blade-like movable piece disposed inside, and may be configured to be driven via magnetic force or electric force, and the configuration is not particularly limited.
- the agitator 260 agitates the coating solution in the coating solution tank 210 to uniformly disperse the solute or dispersoid in the coating solution.
- a discharge liquid 270 made of a uniform coating liquid can be discharged from the nozzle 250.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid (coating liquid 220) stored for a long time in the storage container 300 that stores the coating liquid to be put into the coating liquid tank 210, the phosphor has settled or the storage container 300 May stick to the wall.
- a phosphor dispersion liquid is put into the coating liquid tank 210, it takes a long time to uniformly disperse the phosphor even if the stirring device 260 of the coating liquid tank 210 stirs it. Therefore, the coating efficiency is reduced.
- the concentration of the phosphor in the phosphor dispersion to be applied becomes uneven.
- the concentration of the phosphor in the phosphor dispersion to be applied becomes uneven.
- the phosphor may settle and adhere to the wall surface of the connecting tube 230. Even in this case, unevenness occurs in the concentration of the phosphor in the phosphor dispersion to be applied.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention hardly causes sedimentation of phosphor particles, and a uniform dispersion state is easily maintained. Therefore, even when stored in the storage container 300 for a long time, the phosphor particles of the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention are uniformly dispersed. Therefore, the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention may be supplied to the head 240 and discharged from the nozzle 250 immediately after being charged into the coating liquid tank 210 of the coating apparatus, thereby improving the coating efficiency. Further, the concentration of the phosphor in the phosphor dispersion liquid becomes constant, and the phosphor concentration in the phosphor layer becomes uniform.
- the phosphor layer 6 is formed, and the LED device 100 shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.
- the LED device 100 is further provided with other optical components (such as a lens) and used as various optical members.
- the desired fired product was obtained by pulverizing, washing, separating and drying the obtained fired product.
- the obtained phosphor was pulverized to obtain phosphor particles having a particle size of about 10 ⁇ m.
- the composition of the obtained phosphor particles was examined to confirm that it was the desired phosphor. When the emission wavelength with respect to the excitation light having a wavelength of 465 nm was examined, the peak wavelength was approximately 570 nm.
- Example 1 90 g of the phosphor particles, 2.5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Lucentite SWN manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.), 4 g of oxide fine particles (RX300 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., particle size 7 nm), 100 g of propylene glycol and 90 g of isopropyl alcohol In the mixed solvent.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by agitating it. Stirring was performed using a TK auto homomixer (Primix).
- Example 2 90 g of the phosphor particles, 2.5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Micromica MK-100 manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.), 4 g of oxide fine particles (RX300 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., particle size 7 nm), 100 g of propylene glycol and isopropyl alcohol It added in the mixed solvent with 70g.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by agitating it. Stirring was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- Example 3 100 g of the phosphor particles, 2.5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Micromica MK-100 manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.), 4 g of oxide fine particles (Silicia 470 manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 100 g of 1,3-butanediol It added in the mixed solvent with 70 g of isopropyl alcohol.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by agitating it. Stirring was performed using an apex mill (manufactured by Kotobuki Industries Co., Ltd.).
- Example 4 100 g of the phosphor particles, 5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Lucentite SWN manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.), 6.5 g of oxide fine particles (Silicia 470 manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.), 100 g of 1,3-butanediol and isopropyl alcohol It added in the mixed solvent with 40g.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by agitating it. Stirring was performed in the same manner as in Example 3.
- Example 5 100 g of the phosphor particles, 2.5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Lucentite SWN manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 6.5 g of oxide fine particles (RX300 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., particle size: 7 nm) were added to 1,3-butanediol.
- a phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by adding 100 g and 80 g of isopropyl alcohol in a mixed solvent and stirring it. Stirring was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 6 100 g of the phosphor particles, 2.5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Lucentite SWN manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 6.5 g of oxide fine particles (RX300 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., particle size: 7 nm) were added to 1,3-butanediol. It added in the mixed solvent of 100g and isopropyl alcohol 70g. The phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by agitating it. Stirring was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- Example 7 100 g of the phosphor particles, 5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Micromica MK-100 manufactured by Coop Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 6.5 g of oxide fine particles (RX300 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., particle size 7 nm) were added to 1,3-butanediol. It added in the mixed solvent of 100g and 60g of isopropyl alcohol. The phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by stirring this. Stirring was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 8 100 g of the phosphor particles, 5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Lucentite SWN manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.), 6.5 g of oxide fine particles (Silicia 470 manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.), 100 g of 1,3-butanediol and isopropyl alcohol It added in the mixed solvent with 20g.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by stirring this. Stirring was performed in the same manner as in Example 3.
- Example 9 100 g of the fluorescent particle body, 5 g of layered clay mineral fine particles (Lucentite SWN manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd.), 6.5 g of oxide fine particles (Silicia 470 manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.), 100 g of 1,3-butanediol and isopropyl alcohol It added in the mixed solvent with 60g.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid was prepared by stirring this. Stirring was performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid was supplied to a coating liquid tank equipped with a stirring device in the coating apparatus and stirred, and applied every 5 minutes. Chromaticity was measured by selecting five coated samples. As a measuring device, a spectral radiance meter CS-1000A manufactured by Konica Minolta Sensing Co., Ltd. was used. Thereafter, the standard deviation of the measured values (chromaticity) of the five samples was calculated, and the uniformity of chromaticity was evaluated. The phosphor dispersion liquid when the standard deviation was 0.02 or less was used as a sufficiently dispersed phosphor dispersion liquid.
- the phosphor dispersion liquid of the present invention is suitably used as a raw material liquid for forming a phosphor layer of an LED device. And the dispersion
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Abstract
Description
[1]分散溶媒と、前記分散溶媒中に分散された蛍光体粒子、層状粘土鉱物微粒子および酸化物微粒子と、を含む蛍光体分散液であって、内径15mmのガラス瓶に5ml充填した前記蛍光体分散液を静置したときに、蛍光体粒子の沈降によって上澄み層が発生するまでの時間が4時間以上である、蛍光体分散液。
[2]前記蛍光体分散液の粘度は80cp~1000cpである、[1]に記載の蛍光体分散液。
[3]パッケージと、前記パッケージに配置された発光面を有するLEDチップと、を含むLEDチップ実装パッケージを用意する工程と、前記LEDチップの発光面に、[1]に記載の蛍光体分散液を塗布して蛍光体層を成膜する工程とを含む、LED装置の製造方法。
[4]前記蛍光体分散液はスプレー塗布装置によって塗布され、前記スプレー塗布装置は、蛍光体分散液を貯留する塗布液タンクと、蛍光体分散液を吐出するためのノズルを有するヘッドと、塗布液タンクとヘッドとを連通させる連結管と、を備える、[3]に記載のLED装置の製造方法。
[5]前記LEDチップの発光面に、有機金属化合物を含む溶液を塗布する工程をさらに含む、[3]に記載のLED装置の製造方法。
[6]前記LED装置は白色LED装置である、[3]に記載のLED装置の製造方法。
蛍光体分散液は、分散溶媒と、分散溶媒中に分散した蛍光体粒子、層状粘土鉱物微粒子および酸化物微粒子とを含む。蛍光体分散液には、さらに任意の添加剤が含まれていてもよい。
蛍光体粒子は、LEDチップの出射光の波長(励起波長)により励起されて、励起波長と異なる波長の蛍光を発する。LEDチップから青色光が出射される場合には、蛍光体粒子が黄色の蛍光を発することによって、白色LED装置が得られる。黄色の蛍光を発する蛍光体の例には、YAG(イットリウム・アルミニウム・ガーネット)蛍光体が挙げられる。YAG蛍光体は、青色LEDチップから出射される青色光(波長420nm~485nm)からなる励起光を受けて、黄色光(波長550nm~650nm)の蛍光を発することができる。
層状粘土鉱物微粒子の主成分は層状ケイ酸塩鉱物であり、雲母構造、カオリナイト構造、スメクタイト構造などの構造を有する膨潤性粘土鉱物が好ましく、膨潤性に富むスメクタイト構造を有する膨潤性粘土鉱物がより好ましい。層状粘土鉱物微粒子は、蛍光体分散液中においてカードハウス構造として存在し、少量で蛍光体分散液の粘度を大幅に高めることができる。また、層状粘土鉱物微粒子は平板状を呈するため、蛍光体層(図1参照)の膜強度を向上させることもできる。
酸化物微粒子とは、酸化ケイ素、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛などの微粒子でありうる。特に、蛍光体層におけるバインダを、ポリシロキサンなどの含ケイ素有機化合物の硬化物であるセラミックとする場合には、形成されるセラミックに対する安定性の観点から、酸化物微粒子を酸化ケイ素とすることが好ましい。
蛍光体分散液における分散溶媒には、アルコール類が含まれることが好ましい。アルコール類は、メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノールなどの1価アルコールでもよいし、2価以上の多価アルコールであってもよい。2種以上のアルコールを組み合わせてもよい。2価以上のアルコールを分散溶媒として用いれば、蛍光体分散液の粘度を高めやすく、分散質である蛍光体粒子の沈降が防止しやすくなる。
本発明の蛍光体分散液は、分散溶媒に、蛍光体粒子、層状粘土鉱物微粒子および酸化物微粒子と、さらに必要に応じて他の添加剤とを添加して混合液を得て;混合液を撹拌することで製造されうる。
混合液の撹拌に用いられる撹拌装置としては公知のものを全て使用できる。例えば、ウルトラタラックス(IKAジャパン社製)、TKオートホモミクサー(プライミクス社製)、TKパイプラインホモミクサー(プライミクス社製)、TKフィルミックス(プライミクス社製)、クレアミックス(エム・テクニック社製)、クレアSS5(エム・テクニック社製)、キャビトロン(ユーロテック社製)、ファインフローミル(太平洋機工社製)のようなメディアレス撹拌機、ビスコミル(アイメックス製)、アペックスミル(寿工業社製)、スターミル(アシザワ、ファインテック社製)、DCPスーパーフロー(日本アイリッヒ社製)、エムピーミル(井上製作所社製)、スパイクミル(井上製作所社製)、マイティーミル(井上製作所社製)、SCミル(三井鉱山社製)などのメディア攪拌機等やアルティマイザー(スギノマシン社製)、ナノマイザー(吉田機械社製)、NANO3000(美粒社製)などの高圧衝撃式分散装置が挙げられる。
本発明の蛍光体分散液は、LED装置における蛍光体層を成膜するために用いられうる(後述)。特に、本発明の蛍光体分散液は、バインダ溶液と組み合わされて、LEDチップに塗布されて蛍光体層とされることが好ましい。組み合わされるバインダは、有機樹脂であってもよいし、透明セラミックであってもよい。
[LED装置]
LED装置は、パッケージと、LEDチップと、LEDチップの発光面を覆う蛍光体層とを有する。図1は、LED装置100の例を示す断面図である。LED装置は、凹部11を有するパッケージ1と、メタル部(メタル配線)2と、パッケージ1の凹部11に配置されたLEDチップ3と、メタル部2とLEDチップ3とを接続する突起電極4とを有する。このように、突起電極4を介してメタル部2とLEDチップ3とを接続する態様を、フリップチップ型という。
LED装置は、パッケージにLEDチップが実装されたLEDチップ実装パッケージを用意する工程と、LEDチップの発光面に「蛍光体分散液」と「バインダ溶液」とを塗布して蛍光体層を成膜する工程と、を含むプロセスで製造されうる。
バインダ溶液には、バインダまたはその前駆体が含まれている。前述の通り、バインダはシリコーン樹脂または透明セラミックであることが好ましい。バインダをシリコーン樹脂とする場合には、バインダ溶液にシリコーン樹脂を配合することが好ましい。バインダを透明セラミックとする場合には、バインダ溶液に透明セラミックの前駆体である有機金属化合物を配合することが好ましい。
以下の手順で黄色蛍光体粒子を作製した。下記に示す組成の蛍光体原料を十分に混合した混合物を、アルミ坩堝に充填し、これにフラックスとしてフッ化アンモニウム等のフッ化物を適量混合した。充填物を、水素含有窒素ガスを流通させた還元雰囲気中において1350~1450℃の温度範囲で2~5時間焼成して、焼成品((Y0.72Gd0.24)3Al5O12:Ce0.04)を得た。
[原料組成]
Y2O3 ・・・ 7.41g
Gd2O3 ・・・ 4.01g
CeO2 ・・・ 0.63g
Al2O3 ・・・ 7.77g
前記蛍光体粒子85gを、プロピレングリコール100g中に添加して、それを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、TKフィルミックス(プライミクス社製)を用いて行った。
前記蛍光体粒子81g、酸化物微粒子(日本アエロジル株式会社製RX300、粒径7nm)4gを、プロピレングリコール100g中に添加して、それを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、比較例1と同様にして行った。
前記蛍光体粒子90g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ルーセンタイトSWN)2.5g、酸化物微粒子(日本アエロジル株式会社製RX300、粒径7nm)4gを、プロピレングリコール100gとイソプロピルアルコール90gとの混合溶媒中に添加した。それを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、TKオートホモミクサー(プライミクス社製)を用いて行った。
前記蛍光体粒子90g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ミクロマイカMK-100)2.5g、酸化物微粒子(日本アエロジル株式会社製RX300、粒径7nm)4gを、プロピレングリコール100gとイソプロピルアルコール70gとの混合溶媒中に添加した。それを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、比較例1と同様にして行った。
前記蛍光体粒子100g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ミクロマイカMK-100)2.5g、酸化物微粒子(富士シリシア化学株式会社製サイリシア470)4gを、1,3-ブタンジオール100gとイソプロピルアルコール70gとの混合溶媒中に添加した。それを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、アペックスミル(寿工業社製)を用いて行った。
前記蛍光体粒子100g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ルーセンタイトSWN)5g、酸化物微粒子(富士シリシア化学株式会社製サイリシア470)6.5gを、1,3-ブタンジオール100gとイソプロピルアルコール40gとの混合溶媒中に添加した。それを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、実施例3と同様にして行った。
前記蛍光体粒子100g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ルーセンタイトSWN)2.5g、酸化物微粒子(日本アエロジル株式会社製RX300、粒径7nm)6.5gを、1,3-ブタンジオール100gとイソプロピルアルコール80gとの混合溶媒中に添加して、それを撹拌することで蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、実施例1と同様にして行った。
前記蛍光体粒子100g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ルーセンタイトSWN)2.5g、酸化物微粒子(日本アエロジル株式会社製RX300、粒径7nm)6.5gを、1,3-ブタンジオール100gとイソプロピルアルコール70gとの混合溶媒中に添加した。それを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、比較例1と同様にして行った。
前記蛍光体粒子100g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ミクロマイカMK-100)5g、酸化物微粒子(日本アエロジル株式会社製RX300、粒径7nm)6.5gを、1,3-ブタンジオール100gとイソプロピルアルコール60gとの混合溶媒中に添加した。これを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、実施例1と同様にして行った。
前記蛍光体粒子100g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ルーセンタイトSWN)5g、酸化物微粒子(富士シリシア化学株式会社製サイリシア470)6.5gを、1,3-ブタンジオール100gとイソプロピルアルコール20gとの混合溶媒中に添加した。これを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、実施例3と同様にして行った。
前記蛍光粒子体100g、層状粘土鉱物微粒子(コープケミカル株式会社製ルーセンタイトSWN)5g、酸化物微粒子(富士シリシア化学株式会社製サイリシア470)6.5gを、1,3-ブタンジオール100gとイソプロピルアルコール60gとの混合溶媒中に添加した。これを撹拌することで、蛍光体分散液を調製した。撹拌は、比較例1と同様にして行った。
(3.1)粘度の測定
比較例1、比較例2及び実施例1~9の蛍光体分散液の粘度を、振動式粘度計(CBC社製VM-10A-L)を用いて測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
比較例1、比較例2及び実施例1~9の蛍光体分散液を、内径15mmのガラス瓶に5ml充填して、室温にて静置した。時間毎に沈降によって発生した上澄み層の厚みを、スケールを用いて測定した。測定結果を各サンプルの組成と併せて表1に示す。
内径100mm、高さ150mmのステンレス製の保管容器に、比較例1、比較例2及び実施例1~9の蛍光体分散液を充填した。保管時間毎に保管容器から蛍光体分散液を他の容器に移し替え、保管容器の内壁への固着の状態を目視して、以下の基準にて評価した。評価結果を表2に示す。
◎ 固着なし
○ 固着があるが保管容器を複数回振った後蛍光体分散液を他の容器に移し替えれば固着物は消失する
△ 固着があり、保管容器を複数回振った後蛍光体分散液を他の容器に移し替えても一部の固着物が消失しない
× 固着があり、保管容器を複数回振った後蛍光体分散液を他の容器に移し替えても振らずに他の容器に移し替えた場合と同様の固着物が発生し固着物が全く消失しない
蛍光体分散液を、塗布装置内にある撹拌装置を具備する塗布液タンクに供給して撹拌し、5分毎に塗布をした。塗布したサンプルをそれぞれ5個ずつ選定して色度を測定した。測定装置としてコニカミノルタセンシング社製分光放射輝度計CS-1000Aを用いた。その後、当該5個のサンプルの測定値(色度)の標準偏差を算出し、色度の均一性を評価した。標準偏差が0.02以下となったときの蛍光体分散液を、十分な分散状態の蛍光体分散液とした。
2 メタル部
3 LEDチップ
4 突起電極
6 蛍光体層
90 LEDチップ実装パッケージ
100 LED装置
200 塗布装置
210 塗布液タンク
220 塗布液
230 連結管
240 ヘッド
250 ノズル
260 撹拌装置
270 吐出液
300 保管容器
Claims (6)
- 分散溶媒と、前記分散溶媒中に分散された蛍光体粒子、層状粘土鉱物微粒子および酸化物微粒子と、を含む蛍光体分散液であって、
内径15mmのガラス瓶に5ml充填した前記蛍光体分散液を静置したときに、蛍光体粒子の沈降によって上澄み層が発生するまでの時間が4時間以上である、蛍光体分散液。 - 前記蛍光体分散液の粘度は、80cp~1000cpである、請求項1に記載の蛍光体分散液。
- パッケージと、前記パッケージに配置された発光面を有するLEDチップと、を含むLEDチップ実装パッケージを用意する工程と、
前記LEDチップの発光面に、請求項1に記載の蛍光体分散液を塗布して蛍光体層を成膜する工程と、
を含む、LED装置の製造方法。 - 前記蛍光体分散液はスプレー塗布装置によって塗布され、
前記スプレー塗布装置は、蛍光体分散液を貯留する塗布液タンクと、蛍光体分散液を吐出するためのノズルを有するヘッドと、塗布液タンクとヘッドとを連通させる連結管とを備える、請求項3に記載のLED装置の製造方法。 - 前記LEDチップの発光面に、有機金属化合物を含む溶液を塗布する工程をさらに含む、請求項3に記載のLED装置の製造方法。
- 前記LED装置は白色LED装置である、請求項3に記載のLED装置の製造方法。
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- 2012-09-25 JP JP2013535904A patent/JP6076909B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-25 KR KR1020147007486A patent/KR20140054321A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6076909B2 (ja) | 2017-02-08 |
JPWO2013046651A1 (ja) | 2015-03-26 |
EP2763197A1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
US9309461B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 |
US20150232752A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
KR20140054321A (ko) | 2014-05-08 |
EP2763197A4 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
CN103828075A (zh) | 2014-05-28 |
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