Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D265/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D265/28—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines
  • C07D265/34—1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings
  • C07D265/38—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D219/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing acridine or hydrogenated acridine ring systems
  • C07D219/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing acridine or hydrogenated acridine ring systems with only hydrogen, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
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  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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  • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
  • C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
  • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
  • H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
  • H10K85/624—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing six or more rings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
  • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
  • H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
  • H10K85/654—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only nitrogen as heteroatom
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
  • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
  • H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
  • H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
  • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
  • H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
  • H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
  • H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
  • H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
  • C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
  • C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
  • C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
  • C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
  • C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
  • C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
  • C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
  • C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
  • C09K2211/1033—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom with oxygen

Definitions

• the present invention relates to compounds based on spirobifluorene and light emitting devices comprising said compounds.
• US2006/0141287 discloses light-emitting layers which include a solid
• the organic material containing a mixture of at least two components.
• the first host component is an organic compound capable of transporting electrical charges and also forms an aggregate.
• the second component of the mixture is an organic compound capable of transporting electrical charges and, upon mixing with the first host component, is capable of forming a continuous and substantially pin-hole-free layer.
• various compounds such as substituted fluorene derivatives, and spirobifluorene derivatives, etc. are used as the second component.
• Spirobifluorene denotes a structural element of formula (S1 ) and is referred to as SBF hereinafter, whereas Open SBF denotes a system of formula (S2) below.
• WO 201 1/06574 discloses 4 and 4,4'diphenylamino-substituted SBF
• European Patent Application 2 312 667 discloses compositions for organic electroluminescence elements comprising at least two different materials fulfilling a certain mathematical equation related to the solubility of the materials.
• suitable materials having as a common structural feature substituted diphenylamino groups, 3,6-Bis-N,N'- di(4-tert.butylphenyl)amino-spirobifluorene as well as the respective Open SBF derivative are mentioned.
• US Patent 6,893,743 discloses in table 1 compounds compounds H- 151 and H-152 in which a central SBF unit carries two substituents in 2 and 7 position, wherein the substituent is bound to the SBF through a nitrogen atom not forming part of an aromatic ring.
• n, m and o may be the same or different and represent an integer of from 0 to 3,
• each of the phenyl rings may carry no ligands other than L 1 or may be substituted by ligands other than L 1 ,
• R 1 to R 5 may be the same or different in each position and represent hydrogen or an aliphatic, carbocyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms
• Ar 1 and Ar 2 represent optionally substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems comprising 4 to 20 ring atoms (the two ring atoms of the heterocyclic ring shown in formula I being part of the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system for the purpose of counting ring atoms).
• aliphatic is intended to denote any group which is attached via a carbon atom or a heteroatom which carbon atom or heteroatom is not part of a ring whereas the term aromatic is intended to denote aryl groups as well as heteroaryl groups attached through a carbon atom or a heteroatom forming part of an aryl or heteroaryl ring.
• R 1 and R 2 which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen, an alkyl group, a carbocyclic group, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group, which groups are substituted or unsubstituted.
• the SBF or Open SBF unit is substituted by a nitrogen atom, which is part of a ring system comprising two aromatic or heteroaromatic rings.
• substitution in the SBF system may be para, meta or ortho to the bond linking the phenyl rings in the SBF unit or in the analogous positions of the Open SBF unit.
• a first preferred group of compounds are those where L 1 has the formula A 1
• R 1 to R 5 represents an alkyl group, same has preferably 1 to 20,
• alkyl groups especially 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may be straight chain or branched.
• Particularly preferred alkyl groups are Ci to C 4 alkyl like methyl, ethyl, i- or n-propyl and i-, n- and t-butyl.
• the alkyl groups may themselves be substituted or unsubstituted.
• Preferred carbocyclic groups for R 1 to R 5 are 5 to 7 membered carbocyclic ring systems, which may be saturated or unsaturated like e.g.
• the carbocyclic groups may be substituted or unsubstituted.
• Preferred aryl groups for R 1 to R 5 are are phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, biphenyl or terphenyl, which may be unsubstituted or substituted by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, cyano, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl groups or the aryl group may be part of an annealed ring system.
• aryl substituents are derived from the following
• one or more of the nitrogen atoms may be replaced by another heteroatom like O or S, to name only two exam as shown below:
• Still another preferred group of heteroaryl substituents comprises the 6- membered ring systems shown below:
• heteroaryl groups may be substituted, preferably by substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, cyano, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl groups or the heteroaryl group may be part of an annealed ring system.
• Ar 1 and Ar 2 which may be the same or different can be selected from the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems described above for substituents R 1 to R 5 and thus reference thereto is made at this point.
• Ar 1 and or Ar 2 which may be the same or different, are aryl ring systems as defined above, preferably phenyl or naphthyl, which may be substituted or unsubstituted.
• a further group of preferred compounds in accordance with the present invention are those wherein at least one of n, m or o represents an integer of from 1 to 3.
• L 1 can have any of the meanings defined above.
• the SBF or open SBF ring system may or may not comprise further
• substituents in addition to substituents L 1 are generally selected from of halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, cyano, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl groups.
• the compounds of the present invention with meta-substituents may be prepared by the following general reaction schemes, which show an exemplary way for compounds carrying one or two ligands L 1
• X is a leaving group selected from known leaving groups for such reactions such as halogen, OH, OR, SR , OCN, SCN or CN, especially preferably halogen, in particular chlorine or bromine.
• the starting materials for such synthesis with at least one leaving group in a meta-position of the SBF or Open SBF ring system may be synthesized in accordance with various process routes which the skilled person will select in accordance with the specific needs.
• such compounds are not easily accessible through introduction of the substituents directly into a SBF or Open SBF core as these routes generally yield the para- substituted products preferably due to their higher reactivity.
• the substituents X have to be introduced through suitable precursor substances e.g. fluorene derivatives, benzophenone derivatives or biphenyl derivatives, to mention only three examples, which are thereafter reacted to yield the SBF or Open SBF structure.
• Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to the use of the compounds of the present invention in an organic light emitting device, especially an organic light emitting diode (OLED).
• OLED organic light emitting diode
• the compounds are also suitable for other layers of organic electronic devices, in particular for other layers of organic electronic diodes.
• the present invention is also directed to an organic light emitting device (OLED) comprising an emissive layer (EML), said emissive layer comprising the compounds of the present invention as host material, said host material being notably suitable in an emissive layer (EML) in an OLED.
• OLED organic light emitting device
• EML emissive layer
• EML emissive layer
• An OLED generally comprises :
• a substrate for example (but not limited to) glass, plastic, metal;
• an anode generally transparent anode, such as an indium-tin oxide (ITO) anode;
• ITO indium-tin oxide
• HIL hole injection layer
• HTL hole transporting layer
• EML emissive layer
• ETL electron transporting layer
• a cathode generally a metallic cathode, such as an Al layer.
• a hole conducting emissive layer For a hole conducting emissive layer, one may have a hole blocking layer (HBL) that can also act as an exciton blocking layer between the emissive layer and the electron transporting layer.
• HBL hole blocking layer
• EBL electron blocking layer
• the emissive layer may be equal to the hole transporting layer (in which case the exciton blocking layer is near or at the anode) or to the electron transporting layer (in which case the exciton blocking layer is near or at the cathode).
• the compounds of the present invention may be used preferably used as hosts in an emissive layer.
• the emissive layer may also contain a polarization molecule, present as a dopant in said host material and having a dipole moment that generally affects the wavelength of light emitted.
• a polarization molecule present as a dopant in said host material and having a dipole moment that generally affects the wavelength of light emitted.
• a layer formed of an electron transporting material is advantageously used to transport electrons into the emissive layer comprising the light emitting material and the (optional) host material.
• the electron transporting material may be an electron-transporting matrix selected from the group of metal quinoxolates (e.g. Alq3, Liq), oxadiazoles, triazoles and ketones (e.g. Spirobifluorene ketones SBFK).
• metal quinoxolates e.g. Alq3, Liq
• oxadiazoles oxadiazoles
• ketones e.g. Spirobifluorene ketones SBFK
• Examples of electron transporting materials are tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum of formula ["Alq3"] and spirobifluoreneketone SBFK:
• a layer formed of a hole transporting material is advantageously used to transport holes into the emissive layer comprising the light emitting material as above described and the (optional) host material.
• a hole transporting material is 4,4'-bis[N-(1 -naphthyl)-N- phenylamino]biphenyl ["a-NPD"].
• an exciton blocking layer (barrier layer) to confine excitons within the luminescent layer ("luminescent zone") is greatly preferred.
• the blocking layer may be placed between the emissive layer and the electron transport layer.
• An example of a material for such a barrier layer is 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1 ,10-phenanthroline (also called bathocuproine or "BCP"), which has the formula
• the OLED has preferably a multilayer structure, as depicted in Figure 1 , wherein 1 is a glass substrate, 2 is an ITO layer, 3 is a HIL layer comprising PEDOT/PSS, 4 is a HTL layer comprising a-NPD, 5 is an EML comprising mCBP as host material and the light emitting material or mixture of these materials as above defined as dopant in an amount of about 15 % wt with respect to the total weight of host plus dopant; 6 is a HBL comprising BCP; 7 is an ETL comprising Alq3; 8 is an EIL comprising LiF and 9 is an Al layer cathode.
• 1 is a glass substrate
• 2 is an ITO layer
• 3 is a HIL layer comprising PEDOT/PSS
• 4 is a HTL layer comprising a-NPD
• 5 is an EML comprising mCBP as host material and the light emitting material or mixture of these materials as above defined as dopant in an amount of about 15
• This compound was made in two steps from 3-bromofluorenone obtained in step 1.
• 2-bromobiphenyl (1.05 equivalents, 4.0 g, 16.5 mmol) is solubilised in 102 ml of anhydrous diethyl ether.
• This solution is cooled to -60°C and n-BuLi (1.16 eq.) is added dropwise. After 10 min at this temperature, a white precipitate appeared which was redissolved while the medium was warmed to room temperature.
• 3-Bromofluorenone was then added and the reaction mixture was kept at 45 °C for one night.
• Step 3 3-phenoxazyl -SBF
• Step 1 Synthesis of 1 -Bromo-7-chloro-biphenyl
• Step 3 Preparation of 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine
• the HOMO level was determined to -5.29 eV, the LUMO level to -1.49 eV and the triplet energy to 2.88 eV.
• EHOMO - (- 4.8) - [Ei ox 1 2 - E 0 x 1 2 (Fc/Fc + )] where EHOMO (ferrocene) has been taken equal to 4.8 eV below the vacuum level.
• the OLED stack consisted of sequentially, from the ITO surface, 30nm of Plexcore OC (a self-doping polymer poly(thiophene-3-[2[(2- methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-2,5-diyl), supplied from Plextronics Inc.) deposited by spin-coating and dried on a hot plate at 200 °C for 20 min. On top of the HIL, 15 nm of NPB were deposited by by vacuum-thermal evaporation as hole transporting layer (HTL).
• Plexcore OC a self-doping polymer poly(thiophene-3-[2[(2- methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-2,5-diyl)

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