WO2013042792A1 - 食品改質剤及びそれにより改質された油調理食品 - Google Patents
食品改質剤及びそれにより改質された油調理食品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013042792A1 WO2013042792A1 PCT/JP2012/074393 JP2012074393W WO2013042792A1 WO 2013042792 A1 WO2013042792 A1 WO 2013042792A1 JP 2012074393 W JP2012074393 W JP 2012074393W WO 2013042792 A1 WO2013042792 A1 WO 2013042792A1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
- A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
- A23L19/18—Roasted or fried products, e.g. snacks or chips
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/015—Inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
- A23L29/244—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin from corms, tubers or roots, e.g. glucomannan
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/15—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using wave energy, irradiation, electrical means or magnetic fields, e.g. oven cooking or roasting using radiant dry heat
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/109—Types of pasta, e.g. macaroni or noodles
- A23L7/111—Semi-moist pasta, i.e. containing about 20% of moist; Moist packaged or frozen pasta; Pasta fried or pre-fried in a non-aqueous frying medium, e.g. oil; Packaged pasta to be cooked directly in the package
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/157—Farinaceous granules for dressing meat, fish or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention blends an ionized mineral component with a dietary fiber component to halve oil absorption during oil cooking, and cooks oil using the same, which does not impair the taste, flavor, etc. Oil cooking food.
- the demand for cooking by heating in a microwave oven has increased greatly because it can be easily cooked by heating with a microwave oven without using fire during cooking.
- the microwave cooked food can easily cook the food to an edible state without contaminating the kitchen.
- even a small amount for one person can be easily cooked in a desired amount without taking time and effort, so that the demand for it is increasing.
- the only conventional microwave cooking (range-up) foods are foods that have been cooked in advance in a microwave oven. And in the case of this baked food, if it is reheated with a microwave oven, moisture will come out on the surface of the food after heating, and steamed cooking seems to be done after baked cooking, which is not very satisfactory.
- a microwave heating layer provided by vapor deposition of a metal thin film or a metal / metal oxide mixture is provided on the surface of a film or sheet-like substrate, and the food itself is wrapped with this substrate.
- heat is generated on the surface of the substrate during heating in a microwave oven, and the surface of the food is baked with the heat (Patent Document 1).
- baking can be performed with flat foods such as pie, bread, pizza, etc., which are low in water, but for example, raw meat and raw fish are rich in water and non-planar.
- Patent Document 2 A range-up food that is cooked and cooked using a microwave oven has been proposed (Patent Document 2), and as an improved plan, it is possible to generate a texture that is baked on the surface of the food by heating in the microwave oven.
- seasonings as a range-up seasoning that suppresses the sticking of food and heat-resistant containers due to burnt seasonings, it is insoluble or hardly soluble consisting of powdered calcium, seeds or metal salts.
- the thing containing an edible granular material is proposed (patent document 3).
- the present invention was made by paying attention to the fact that it is extremely difficult to reproduce the crispy and crispy textures of such oil-cooked tailored foods by raising the range of frozen foods, which impairs the taste of fried foods.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the present inventors have found that when an ionized mineral component typified by ionized calcium is combined with a dietary fiber component in a food to be cooked with oil, an ionized mineral is formed into a water retention structure formed by water-soluble dietary fiber.
- the present invention comprises a liquid or solid ionized mineral component obtained by firing and pulverizing natural calcium materials such as eggshells, shells, pork bones, beef bones, and chicken garments, and ionizing them using fermentation or brewed vinegar. It is a food modifier characterized in that it can form a water retention structure in cooperation with its dietary fiber and has a function of reducing the oil absorption rate when cooking food oil.
- the food modifier of the present invention contains an ionized mineral having excellent permeability to food as an essential component, but the cost can be reduced by using an organic acid calcium in place of the ionized mineral component containing 5% by weight.
- the limit that can be used in combination is 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight with respect to 5% by weight of ionized mineral component of 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight (0.025 to 0.25 parts by weight of ionized mineral). It is preferable to mix
- Ionized minerals are produced by firing and pulverizing natural calcium materials such as eggshells, seashells, pork bones, beef bones, and chicken ribs, and ionizing them using fermentation or brewed vinegar, but this is because the production costs are high.
- the cost can be reduced by using organic acid calcium instead of a partial replacement while ensuring the functionality of the ionized mineral component, but it is functionally preferable to secure 100 ppm or more, preferably 200 ppm or more of the ionized mineral component. Because the ionized mineral component penetrates into the intracellular fluid together with water through the ion channel of the cell and has the function of retaining water inside the cell, the starch particles have the function of enhancing the water retention function formed by dietary fiber . Therefore, it is preferable to use organic acid calcium to assist the function within a range not inhibiting such function, and calcium lactate is particularly preferable for improving starch quality in organic acid calcium.
- liquid ionized mineral content (contained approximately 5% by weight) based on ionized calcium, 0.5% by weight to 5.0% by weight of ionized mineral component containing 5% by weight (0.025 to 0.005 by ionized mineral). 25 parts by weight) is preferably used in the range of 0.5 parts by weight or more and 3.0 parts by weight.
- glucomannan or konjac (usually prepared to contain about 20% by weight of an excipient such as starch) is contained in an amount of 0.5% in terms of ionized mineral component containing 5% by weight.
- Glucomannan or konjac powder is preferably added to starch to improve the uniform dispersibility in the raw material, and it is convenient to use it at a concentration of about 20% by weight by adding an excipient.
- the water-retaining function of the water-retaining structure formed by the water-soluble dietary fiber contained in the starch particles is improved by binding the water-soluble ionized mineral component containing at least ionized calcium to the dietary fiber component in the food or raw material composition, As a result, it is considered that the water retention structure is provided with a function (barrier function) for reducing oil absorption at the time of frying (frying) by the water-soluble mineral component.
- the mixing ratio of the water-soluble dietary fiber component to the water-soluble mineral component is 10: 1 to 1: 1. This is because the desired function can be obtained by providing a barrier function on the surface of the three-dimensionally formed water retention structure. When the ratio is smaller than 10: 1, the barrier function in the water retention structure is reduced. Even if the ratio is larger than 1, no improvement in the effect is recognized. Since the ionized mineral component of the present invention is used in the neutral range, it must be distinguished from the alkaline coagulant of the konjac mannan component.
- the food modifier of the present invention is prepared as a neutral dilute aqueous solution.
- Such dilute aqueous solution contains 100 to 5000 ppm of ionized calcium, preferably 200 ppm or more and 2500 ppm, and is used by immersing or spraying the target food before frying on the target food before oil treatment. If it is 100 ppm or less, the effect of imparting a barrier function after immersion or spray treatment is not sufficient, and even if it exceeds 5000 ppm, the effect of imparting a barrier function after immersion or spray treatment is not improved.
- the barrier function imparting ability of mineral components other than ionized calcium does not reach that of ionized minerals, and is 80% or less, so that the ability is taken into consideration and the range is 100 ppm to 5000 ppm in terms of ionized calcium. It is meant to be used as a dilute aqueous solution.
- the foodstuff modifier of this invention can be mix
- the konjac component (20% by weight containing form) is blended at a ratio of 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight, and the solid food (oiled noodles, vegetables, cooked rice, etc.) before oil cooking is immersed or sprayed on the food surface. It is good to use.
- a tempura flour composition 0.5 to 5.0% by weight in terms of ionized mineral component contained in 5% by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of wheat flour (0.025 to 0.25 parts by weight of ionized mineral), lactic acid When 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight of calcium and 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight of glucomannan or konjac component (20% by weight containing form) are added, Compared with this, it is possible to reduce oil absorption by 30 to 50%.
- oil-cooked noodle compositions such as instant fried noodles and spaghetti
- ionized mineral component contained in 100% by weight of flour (0.025 to 0 in terms of ionized minerals) 25 parts by weight
- calcium lactate 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of calcium lactate and 0.5 to 5.0 parts by weight of glucomannan or konjac (containing 20% by weight) component
- a bread crumb composition 0.5 to 5.0% by weight in terms of ionized mineral component contained in 5% by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of wheat flour (0.025 to 0.25 parts by weight of ionized mineral), calcium lactate
- ionized mineral component contained in 5% by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of wheat flour (0.025 to 0.25 parts by weight of ionized mineral), calcium lactate
- a glucomannan component can be contained, since there is a tendency that expansion during fermentation is suppressed, it may not be used when sufficiently expanding.
- the ionized mineral component is preferably prepared from natural calcium such as eggshells, shells, pork bones, beef bones, chicken bones, etc., and is ionized by acid treatment under stirring and heating after baking to impart water solubility. This is preferably obtained by drying and solidifying, but a liquid before drying and solidifying may be used. Specifically, natural calcium such as eggshells, seashells, pork bones, beef bones, chicken bones, etc. is baked and finely pulverized, dissolved by brewing vinegar or fermentation treatment, and undissociated calcium content is preferably obtained by brewing vinegar, etc. It is preferable to prepare it by dissolving it by acid treatment, recovering the solid content by heating or distillation under reduced pressure, and heating the recovered material to evaporate and solidify the organic matter.
- water-soluble dietary fiber such as pectin, guar gum (guar bean enzyme degradation product), agarose or agar, artificial dietary fiber containing polydextrose, sodium alginate or seaweed powder, kombu powder as necessary
- water-soluble dietary fiber such as pectin, guar gum (guar bean enzyme degradation product), agarose or agar, artificial dietary fiber containing polydextrose, sodium alginate or seaweed powder, kombu powder as necessary
- inulin or Asteraceae rhizome powder and carrageenan may be added.
- two or more components can be mixed and used in consideration of the water retention structure-forming ability of other water-soluble dietary fibers. Since fried potatoes and fried onions themselves contain dietary fiber components, spraying only ionized mineral components exhibits the effect of providing a barrier function to the water retention structure required by the present invention.
- the composition of the food modifier of the present invention is preferably determined.
- paste-like konjac raw material is mixed and stirred with white fish surimi, lime water is added to this, and then heat-coagulated konjac konjac The manufacturing method of this (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 55-165776). Further, konjac powder and water are swelled and dissolved in the presence of a basic amino acid such as arginine and histidine and / or a basic salt such as sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and disodium phosphate, and pH of 9.0 to 10 is obtained.
- a basic amino acid such as arginine and histidine
- a basic salt such as sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and disodium phosphate
- alkaline konjac paste is produced, and the konjac paste is kneaded and mixed with food ingredients such as meat ingredients, and then heated for gelatinizing konjac paste and for processing food ingredients.
- a method for producing a konnyaku-added food Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-73482, which is characterized by being performed at the same time, has been proposed.
- the first method uses lime water (calcium salt), and the second method described above. In this method, by using basic salts and / or basic amino acids, the konjac paste exhibits alkalinity, and this alkaline konjac paste is kneaded and mixed with the raw material of meat.
- blending the water-soluble mineral containing at least ionized calcium with respect to a water-soluble dietary fiber component is directly applied to the target object before frying.
- a barrier coating can be formed by spraying on the garment site formed on the surface, and oil absorption is suppressed even when fried, and a low-calorie fried food is provided.
- the food modifier of the present invention is included in the surface of the object before the frying process or the clothing material formed on the surface of the object, and the surface of the water retention structure formed by the water-soluble dietary fiber is given a loose function.
- a range-up fried food that can reproduce the crisp feeling immediately after frying by freezing or refrigeration after the frying process.
- a food modifier comprising a water-soluble dietary fiber component and a water-soluble mineral component containing at least ionized calcium is blended in the tempura powder, and is 100 to 5000 ppm, preferably 200 to 2500 ppm in terms of ionized calcium.
- a modified tempura flour composition capable of providing water retention properties and a barrier function to the tempura garment.
- a food modifier comprising a water-soluble dietary fiber component and a water-soluble mineral component containing at least ionized calcium is added to bread crumbs or adhered by spraying, and is 100 to 5000 ppm in terms of ionized calcium, preferably By containing 200 to 2500 ppm, a modified bread crumb composition having water retaining properties and barrier functions is provided.
- a food modifier comprising a water-soluble dietary fiber component and a water-soluble mineral component containing at least ionized calcium is blended in the wheat flour, and 100 to 5000 ppm, preferably 200 to 2500 ppm in terms of ionized calcium.
- a modified powder composition that can contain water retaining properties and a barrier function for foods to be fried and cooked.
- the eggshell has the following nutritional components.
- Ingredient composition (in 100g) Energy 55.0Kcal protein 0.2g Carbohydrate 0.0g Carbohydrate 0.5g Sodium 170mg, Calcium 2600mg, Magnesium 230mg Potassium 69mg, Phosphorus 2.5mg Iron 0.2 mg, Copper 50 ⁇ g, Zinc 125 ⁇ g, Manganese 75 ⁇ g, Silicon 10ppm Iodine, sulfur, selenium 0mg, balance moisture
- the composition of the obtained ionized mineral liquid was as follows (according to the Japan Food Analysis Center).
- a water-soluble dietary fiber component is dissolved in pure water containing a food modifier formed by blending a water-soluble mineral component containing at least ionized calcium at a weight ratio of 10: 1 to 1: 1, and a neutral dilute aqueous solution.
- the water-soluble mineral component has a concentration of 100 to 5000 ppm, preferably 200 to 2500 ppm in terms of ionized calcium.
- the target food before frying is immersed in the dilute aqueous solution or sprayed on the target food before oil. Or it mix
- Water-soluble dietary fiber components include pectin, guar gum (guar bean enzyme degradation product), agarose or agar, glucomannan or konjac powder, artificial dietary fiber containing polydextrose, sodium alginate or seaweed powder, kombu powder, inulin or asteraceae
- guar gum guar bean enzyme degradation product
- agarose or agar glucomannan or konjac powder
- artificial dietary fiber containing polydextrose sodium alginate or seaweed powder
- kombu powder inulin or asteraceae
- the water-soluble dietary fiber component is preferably glucomannan or konjac powder.
- (Cooking shrimp) As a water-soluble dietary fiber component 100 parts by weight of glucomannan is prepared by mixing 30 parts by weight of a water-soluble mineral component containing ionized calcium from the eggshell by the above method. This is 3000 ppm (0.3%) in 1000 ml of pure water. And is diluted 100 to 200 times to prepare a neutral dilute aqueous solution. This was sprayed on a breaded shrimp fried garment to give the garment a barrier function, and then fried and cooked to prepare fried shrimp. On the other hand, fried shrimp in the case where the food modifier treatment was not applied was prepared, and the amounts of oil and fat contained in both were compared by an acid decomposition method. In the case of the present invention, it was 17.1 g per 100 g, whereas it was 24.3 g in the conventional method.
- glucomannan As a water-soluble dietary fiber component, 100 parts by weight of glucomannan is prepared by mixing 50 parts by weight of a water-soluble mineral component containing ionized calcium from the eggshell by the above method, and this is added to 1000 ml of pure water at 5000 ppm (0.5%). And is diluted 200 times to prepare a neutral dilute aqueous solution. Using this, the garment was put on and sprayed on the crumbed pork to give the garment a barrier function. On the other hand, tonkatsu in the case where the food modifier treatment was not applied was prepared, and the amounts of fats and oils contained in both were compared by an acid decomposition method. In the case of the present invention, it was 16.4 g per 100 g, whereas it was 36.6 g in the conventional method.
- a water-soluble dietary fiber component 100 parts by weight of glucomannan is prepared by blending 30 parts by weight of a water-soluble mineral component containing ionized calcium from the eggshell by the above method, and this is added to 1000 ml of pure water at 5000 ppm (0.5%). And is diluted 200 times to prepare a neutral dilute aqueous solution. This was mixed with fried flour and put on clothes to give the clothes a barrier function, and then fried before cooking. On the other hand, fried food was cooked with fried powder because no food modifier was added, and the amounts of fats and oils contained in both were compared by an acid decomposition method. In the case of the present invention, it was 8.1 g per 100 g, whereas in the conventional method, it was 25.2 g.
- the frozen food is almost free from water separation even when cooked in the range up, and can maintain a crispy fresh texture.
- a modified tempura powder which has a water retaining property and a barrier function for the tempura garment from the food modifier of the present invention and the tempura powder. Moreover, when the modifying material of the present invention is blended with bread crumbs, modified bread crumbs having water retaining properties and barrier functions are provided.
- the modifier of the present invention was blended into the noodle dough, but a diluted solution of 200-1000 ppm was prepared by diluting 5% ionized mineral solution, and the ionized mineral solution was added to the hot noodles before the drying process. It is possible to prepare fried instant noodles by reducing oil absorption by 30 to 50% or more by dipping or spraying an ionized mineral liquid and then subjecting to a frying drying process.
- bread crumbs can be prepared by adding 20% konjac mannan flour.
- 20% konjac mannan flour was restricted except when the moisture content was required to be adjusted. It was found that the oil absorption reduction rate was further improved when the moisture content exceeded 35-40%.
- this bread crumb is fried in heated 180 degree oil with 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of 5% ionized mineral liquid (By-930) added to 100 parts by weight of oil. It has been found that this prevents oil oxidation and reduces oil consumption by approximately 20%.
- the predetermined oil absorption can be reduced by spraying the modifier diluent of the present invention on bread crumb prepared by a conventional method.
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Abstract
Description
であるサクサク、パリパリ感を阻害することから冷凍保存してレンジアップ処理で調理することは論外である。したがって、現在のところ、フライ物のレンジアップ食品は提供されていない。
本発明者らは、鋭意研究の結果、油調理しようとする食品中の食物繊維成分に対しイオン化カルシウムに代表されるイオン化ミネラル成分を組み合わせると、水溶性食物繊維で形成される保水構造にイオン化ミネラル成分が結合して水分との結合性を高める機能を付与するためか、希薄水溶液にそのまま畜肉、魚肉、海鮮物、野菜などの油調理対象を浸漬するか又は油調理対象表面に噴霧することによって、原料表面に油の吸収を半減させる構造を形成し、そのまま油揚げ調理を施すと、フライドポテトでは油調理理時の吸油率を抑制してカロリーは低いが旨味のあるフライドポテトを提供できることを見出した。また、この油調理理したフライドポテト等のフライ物を冷凍保存してもレンジアップ時に保水機能を発揮し、フライ処理面への吸水を抑制するためか、旨味のある揚げたてのフライドポテトをレンジアップで再現することを見出した。天ぷら及びフライ物対象表面に衣を形成する時もその衣に油吸収を抑制する障壁性を付与し、油揚げ調理時の油吸収率を半減させるだけでなく、各種フライ製品では冷凍保存後レンジアップ時に、衣部分への離水が抑制されるので、サクサクした、優れた冷凍レンジアップ食品を提供できることを見出した。
貝殻及び卵殻の200ミクロン以下に粉砕し、発酵に必要な澱粉と重量比5:1の割合で配合し、攪拌し、重量比3倍水を加水し、麹菌を加え一定の温度(35℃~40℃)で5~7日間発酵させる。発酵終了後当該液に重量比最大25%の酢酸或いはその他の有機酸を加えて未解離のカルシウム等のミネラル分を解離させる。全量溶解、解離した液を加熱或いは減圧蒸留して固形分を回収する。回収した固形分を更に1200℃で加熱して有機物を蒸散させ、純粋なミネラル成分を回収する。回収した固形ミネラルに純水を加水し、用途に応じた濃度のミネラル液を調製する。卵殻の場合次の栄養成分を有している。
成分組成(100g中)
エネルギー 55.0Kcal 蛋白質 0.2g
糖質 0.0g 炭水化物 0.5g
ナトリウム 170mg、カルシウム 2600mg、マグネシウム 230mg
カリウム 69mg、リン 2.5mg
鉄 0.2mg、銅 50 μg、亜鉛 125μg、マンガン 75μg、
珪素 10ppm ヨウ素、イオウ、セレン 0mg、 残部 水分
帆立貝殻から異物を除去し、臭気、色、形状を検査して焼成炉で1100~1200℃で焼成し、自然冷却後200ミクロン以下に粉砕して金属探知機(10,000ガウス)を通した後400メッシュ以下に篩をかけ、再度金属探知機(10,000ガウス)に通し、品質検査して食添用焼成カルシウムを得る。他方、インドネシア産サトウキビを用い、発酵タンクで発酵させ、濾過して異物を除去した液を限界濾過(0.2μm)に付して菌体を除去し、品質検査して高酸度ビネガーを得る。この高酸度ビネガー85%に上記焼成カルシウム15%の一部を投入して撹拌とともに加熱して溶解させる。次いで焼成カルシウムを一部投入して撹拌とともに加熱して溶解させる。これを三度四度繰り返して焼成カルシウム全体を溶解させる。熟成はマイナス高電位を印加したり、磁力線照射して熟成を加速する。得られたイオン化ミネラル液の組成は次の通りであった(財団法人日本食品分析センターによる)。
イオン化ミネラルBの成分組成(100g中)
エネルギー 32Kcal
水分80.1g 蛋白質 0.1g 糖質 0.1g 脂質 0.1g
灰分 11.8g 炭水化物 8.1g
ナトリウム 46.5mg、カルシウム 4680mg、マグネシウム 10.2mg
カリウム 8.4mg、リン 6.3mg 鉄 0.28mg、銅 0.01mg、亜鉛 検出せず、マンガン 0.11mg、マンガン 0.11mg
衛生規格 一般細菌数 300以下/g 大腸菌 陰性/2.22g
総クロム、ヒ素、鉛、カドミウム、総水銀 検出ぜず
水溶性食物繊維成分に対し、少なくともイオン化カルシウムをを含む水溶性ミネラル成分を10:1から1対1の重量比率で配合してなる食品改質剤を含む純水に溶解し、中性希薄水溶液とする。水溶性ミネラル成分はイオン化カルシウム換算で100から5000ppm、好ましくは200~2500ppmの濃度とする。
油揚げ処理前の被対象食品を上記希薄水溶液に浸漬するかまたは油処理前の対象食品に噴霧する。または、水分を含む衣材料総重量に対しイオン化カルシウムを200から2500ppmを含むように配合して用いる。
水溶性食物繊維成分としては、ペクチン、グアーガム(グアー豆酵素分解物)、アガロース又は寒天、グルコマンナン又はこんにゃく粉末、ポリデキストロースを含む人工食物繊維、アルギン酸ナトリウム又は海藻粉末、コンブ粉末、イヌリン又はキク科植物の根茎粉末、カラギーナンからなる群から選ばれる1種又は二種以上を用いる。特に、水溶性食物繊維成分がグルコマンナン又はこんにゃく粉末が好ましい。
水溶性食物繊維成分としてグルコマンナン100重量部に、上記方法で卵殻からイオン化カルシウムを含む水溶性ミネラル成分を調製して20重量部を配合し、これを純水1000mlに2000ppm(0.2%)となるように添加し、これを100~200倍に希釈して中性希薄水溶液を調製する。これを短冊に切った生ポテトに直接噴霧して障壁性被膜を形成し、油揚げ調理を施してフライドポテトを調製した。他方、食品改質剤処理を施さない場合のフライドポテトとを調製し、両者の含有油脂量を酸分解法により比較した。本発明の場合100g当り13gであるのに対し従来法では20.3gであった。
水溶性食物繊維成分としてグルコマンナン100重量部に、上記方法で卵殻からイオン化カルシウムを含む水溶性ミネラル成分を調製して30重量部を配合し、これを純水1000mlに3000ppm(0.3%)となるように添加してこれを100~200倍に希釈して中性希薄水溶液を調製する。これをパン粉仕上げをしたエビフライ衣に噴霧して衣に障壁性機能を持たせ、油揚げ調理を施してエビフライを調製した。他方、食品改質剤処理を施さない場合のエビフライを調製し、両者の含有油脂量を酸分解法により比較した。本発明の場合100g当り17.1gであるのに対し従来法では24.3gであった。
水溶性食物繊維成分としてグルコマンナン100重量部に、上記方法で卵殻からイオン化カルシウムを含む水溶性ミネラル成分を調製して50重量部を配合し、これを純水1000mlに5000ppm(0.5%)となるように添加してこれを200倍に希釈して中性希薄水溶液を調製する。これを用いて衣をつけるとともにその上をパン粉仕上げした豚肉に噴霧して衣に障壁性機能を持たせ、油揚げ調理を施してトンカツを調製した。他方、食品改質剤処理を施さない場合のトンカツを調製し、両者の含有油脂量を酸分解法により比較した。本発明の場合100g当り16.4gであるのに対し従来法では36.6gであった。
水溶性食物繊維成分としてグルコマンナン100重量部に、上記方法で卵殻からイオン化カルシウムを含む水溶性ミネラル成分を調製して30重量部を配合し、これを純水1000mlに5000ppm(0.5%)となるように添加してこれを200倍に希釈して中性希薄水溶液を調製する。これをから揚げ粉に混ぜて衣をつけて衣に障壁性機能を持たせ、油揚げ調理を施してから揚げを調理した。他方、食品改質剤を入れないから揚げ粉でから揚げを調理し、両者の含有油脂量を酸分解法により比較した。本発明の場合100g当り8.1gであるのに対し従来法では25.2gであった。
強力粉300gに塩5g、かん水2g、乳酸カルシウム3g、5%イオン化ミネラル液(By-930)2~3g、20%コンニャクマンナン粉1~3g及び水140gを使用してフライ麺生地を調製し、これを油100重量部に5%イオン化ミネラル液(By-930)0.1~0.5重量部を添加した加熱した180度の油中でフライしてフライ麺を調製した。本発明の改質剤を使用しない場合に比して改質剤が少ない場合で30%、改質剤が多い場合で50%の油の吸収が抑制された。また、油の酸化が防止され、ほぼ20%の油消費が節減されることがわかった。本実施例ではめん生地に本発明の改質剤を配合したが、5%イオン化ミネラル液を希釈して200~1000ppmの希釈液を調製し、湯上げ麺のフライ乾燥工程前にイオン化ミネラル液に浸漬するかイオン化ミネラル液を噴霧した後フライ乾燥工程に付することにより油吸収を30ないし50%以上低減してフライ即席麺を調製することができる。
強力粉4000gにショートニング120g、ブドウ糖70g、ドライイースト65g、塩40g、イーストフード3,5g、乳酸カルシウム40~120g(対粉1~3%)、5%イオン化ミネラル液80~120g(対粉2~3%)水2600gを混練して発酵させ、パン生地を調製し、常法によりパン固体を焼成し、乾燥又は凍結して粉砕し、乾燥パン粉又は生パン粉を調製した。このパン粉はイオン化ミネラル、乳酸カルシウムの含有量の少ない場合から多くした場合にわたってフライ調製時の油吸収率を30~50%削減できるパン粉フライを調製することができた。必要に応じて20%コンニャクマンナン粉を添加してパン粉を調製できるが、パンの膨化率が低下するので、水分率の調整が必要な場合以外は20%コンニャクマンナン粉の添加を制限した。なお、水分率が35~40%を超えると油吸収の低減率はさらに向上することがわかった。また、このパン粉を使用した場合においても油100重量部に5%イオン化ミネラル液(By-930)0.1~0.5重量部を添加した加熱した180度の油中でフライして油調することにより油の酸化が防止され、ほぼ20%の油消費が節減されることがわかった。常法により調製したパン粉に本発明の改質剤希釈液を噴霧しても所定の油吸収を低減できるのはもちろんである。
Claims (8)
- 卵殻、貝殻、豚骨、牛骨、鶏がらなどの天然カルシウム材を焼成後粉砕し、発酵又は醸造酢を用いてイオン化してなる液状又は固形イオン化ミネラル成分を含み、食品中の食物繊維と協働して保水構造を形成可能で、食品油調理時の油吸収率を低下させる機能を有することを特徴とする食品改質剤。
- 更に有機酸カルシウムを5重量%含有イオン化ミネラル成分に代替して配合し、5重量%含有イオン化ミネラル成分換算で0.5重量部以上5.0重量部に対し有機酸カルシウム0.5重量部以上3.0重量部の比率で配合してなる請求項1記載の食品改質剤。
- 更にグルコマンナン又はコンニャク(20重量%含有)成分を5重量%含有イオン化ミネラル成分換算で0.5~5重量部に対し0.5~5重量部の重量比率で配合してなる請求項1記載の食品改質剤。
- 5重量%含有イオン化ミネラル成分換算で0.5~5.0重量部、乳酸カルシウム0.5~3重量部及びグルコマンナン又はコンニャク(20重量%含有)成分0.5~5.0重量部を含み、油調理前の固形食品を浸漬または食品表面に噴霧して用いる請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の食品改質剤からなり、水溶液形態でイオン化カルシウムを100ppm以上5000ppm以下を含むことを特徴とする調理前食品処理希薄水溶液。
- てんぷら粉組成物であって、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の改質剤を小麦粉100重量部に対し5重量%含有イオン化ミネラル成分換算で0.5~5.0重量%、乳酸カルシウム0.5~3.0重量%及びグルコマンナン又はコンニャク(20重量%含有)成分0.5~5.0重量部を含み、改質剤非添加の場合に比して30~50%油分吸収を減少させることを特徴とするてんぷら粉組成物。
- 即席フライ麺およびスパゲッティなどの油調理麺組成物であって、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の改質剤を小麦粉100重量部に対し5重量%含有イオン化ミネラル換算で0.5~5.0重量%、乳酸カルシウム0.5~3.0重量%及びグルコマンナン又はコンニャク(20重量%含有)成分0.5~5.0重量部を含み、改質剤非添加の場合に比して30~50%油分吸収を減少させることを特徴とする油調理理麺組成物。
- パン粉組成物に対し、請求項1又は2に記載の改質剤を小麦粉100重量部に対5重量%含有イオン化ミネラル換算で0.5~5.0重量%、乳酸カルシウム0.5~3.0重量%を含み、改質剤非添加の場合に比して30~50%油分吸収を減少させることを特徴とするフライ用パン粉。
- 請求項6又は7記載のてんぷら粉又はパン粉を衣とし、5重量%含有イオン化ミネラル換算で0.1~0.5重量%を含む揚げ油にで油調理した後、冷凍保存したことを特徴とするレンジアップ用冷凍油調理食品。
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KR20200000790A (ko) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-01-03 | 차해리 | 저장성이 향상된 레토르트 죽의 제조방법 |
JP2021159016A (ja) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-11 | 株式会社武蔵野化学研究所 | 油調時間短縮剤及び食感改善剤並びにこれらを利用したバッター組成物 |
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CN107156622A (zh) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-15 | 河南工业大学 | 一种降低裹浆油炸食品含油率方法 |
CN109198521A (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-15 | 望谟天旺农业科技有限公司 | 一种魔芋薯片的加工方法 |
CN116035199A (zh) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-05-02 | 贵州鸿乐源果蔬有限公司 | 一种即食香菇脆片的生产方法 |
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KR101936874B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-01-09 | 차해리 | 저장성이 향상된 레토르트 밥의 제조방법 |
KR20200000790A (ko) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-01-03 | 차해리 | 저장성이 향상된 레토르트 죽의 제조방법 |
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JP7555559B2 (ja) | 2020-04-01 | 2024-09-25 | 株式会社武蔵野化学研究所 | 油調時間短縮剤及び食感改善剤並びにこれらを利用したバッター組成物 |
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