WO2013015376A1 - 縮合型ホスホン酸エステルを含む難燃剤及び難燃性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
縮合型ホスホン酸エステルを含む難燃剤及び難燃性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013015376A1 WO2013015376A1 PCT/JP2012/069009 JP2012069009W WO2013015376A1 WO 2013015376 A1 WO2013015376 A1 WO 2013015376A1 JP 2012069009 W JP2012069009 W JP 2012069009W WO 2013015376 A1 WO2013015376 A1 WO 2013015376A1
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- flame retardant
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- 0 C=*1Oc(cccc2)c2-c2ccccc12 Chemical compound C=*1Oc(cccc2)c2-c2ccccc12 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5317—Phosphonic compounds, e.g. R—P(:O)(OR')2
- C08K5/5333—Esters of phosphonic acids
- C08K5/5357—Esters of phosphonic acids cyclic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel flame retardant and a flame retardant resin composition.
- the present invention relates to an internally added flame retardant for synthetic resin containing a highly heat-resistant condensed phosphonate, a synthetic resin composition containing the flame retardant, and a molded product thereof.
- the present invention relates to a non-halogen flame retardant synthetic resin composition and a molded product that are useful for molding injection molded products and extrusion molded products, and are suitable for use as, for example, home appliances, OA equipment, and automobile parts. .
- non-halogen flame retardant resin compositions and molded products that are suitable for use as home appliances, OA equipment, automobile parts, etc., and that have high heat resistance and can effectively exhibit various physical properties inherent in the resin.
- about
- polyolefin resin polystyrene resin, polyacrylic resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, polyether resin, polycarbonate resin, thermoplastic resin such as thermoplastic urethane resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, etc.
- Polymer alloys based on thermosetting resins or combinations thereof can be used for building materials, electrical equipment materials, vehicle parts, automotive interior parts, according to the characteristics such as mechanical characteristics, thermal characteristics, and molding processability. In addition to household goods, it is widely used in various industrial goods.
- amorphous resins such as polystyrene resins, polyacrylic resins, polyether resins, polycarbonate resins, and polyvinyl chloride resins are generally highly transparent and include impact resistance, Many resins are excellent in properties, dimensional stability, and weather resistance, and are used in a wide variety of applications. These amorphous resins are used for applications requiring transparency such as lenses, glasses, prisms, optical discs, etc., as well as home appliance parts, computer parts, mobile phone parts, electrical / electronic parts, information terminal product parts, etc. As described above, high flame retardancy and the like (particularly in the case of molded articles such as housings, high flame retardancy in a thin-walled molded article for the purpose of weight reduction) is required as the use application expands.
- a general method for making a synthetic resin flame-retardant is a method of blending a flame retardant with a resin.
- the most used example of the conventional methods for making flame retardant is a method of adding antimony oxide and a halogen-based organic compound.
- halogen-based organic compounds include tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecane, bisdibromopropyl ether of tetrabromobisphenol A, bisdibromopropyl ether of tetrabromobisphenol S, tris 2,3-dibromopropyl isocyanurate, bistribromophenoxy Ethane, hexabromobenzene, decabromobiphenyl ether and the like are used.
- Ammonium polyphosphate coated with a melamine cross-linked type, phenol cross-linked type, epoxy cross-linked type, or silane coupling agent and end-capped polyethylene glycol cross-linked surface treatment agent in particular to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks Has also been proposed.
- the resin compatibility or dispersibility is poor and the mechanical strength is lowered.
- the coating is broken by heat and stress, and the same problem as described above often occurs.
- the resin composition containing ammonium polyphosphate causes thermal decomposition due to thermal desorption of ammonia gas from around 200 ° C. during kneading, so that the thermal decomposition product bleeds out during kneading, Causes strands to wet. This is a cause of extremely worsening the physical properties and productivity of the flame retardant resin composition.
- a phosphate is blended with a highly transparent resin such as polycarbonate, the resin compatibility is poor, and thus the glass is devitrified.
- organic phosphorus compounds such as triphenyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate.
- these organophosphorus compounds belong to phosphate ester type flame retardants.
- synthetic resins such as polyester at high temperatures
- transesterification occurs and the molecular weight of the synthetic resin is significantly reduced.
- the original physical properties of the resin will be lost.
- the phosphoric ester-type flame retardant itself may gradually hydrolyze with moisture in the air to produce phosphoric acid.
- the molecular weight of the synthetic resin is reduced. There is a risk of short circuiting when used for electrical or electronic parts.
- Resin compositions using these monomeric phosphoric esters and phosphonic esters as flame retardants have greatly reduced heat resistance, and the flame retardants volatilize during injection molding and deposit on the surface of the molded product, sometimes whitening. May cause a so-called “juicing phenomenon”.
- a method of suppressing volatilization by increasing the molecular weight is often used.
- resin compositions are more juicy than monomeric phosphate esters and phosphonate esters.
- flame retardancy tends to decrease. Therefore, in order to maintain high flame retardancy, it is necessary to further increase the amount of flame retardant added. As a result, the balance of resin physical properties such as flame retardancy, physical properties, and optical properties is greatly impaired. No flame retardant has yet been found to solve this problem.
- This type of condensed phosphate ester type flame retardant has high heat resistance, and the flame retardant itself hardly decomposes or volatilizes during the processing of the resin, but also a viscous liquid (the above compound (1), (3)) and the compound (2) is also a compound having a melting point of 100 ° C. or lower, and therefore exhibits very strong plasticity to the resin.
- the halogen flame retardant has both the thermal decomposition start temperature of the resin during combustion (hydrocarbon radical generation temperature) and the thermal decomposition temperature of the flame retardant mixed in the resin (halogen radical generation temperature).
- the active radicals are trapped immediately in the gas phase from the start of combustion, which may affect the compatibility with each resin and the physical properties of the resin, but is effective for a wide range of resins. Can be used as a flame retardant.
- the rate of oxygen blocking and heat transport blocking due to char formation during combustion, hydrocarbons generated by thermal decomposition of the resin, and radical chain reaction caused explosively by active radicals generated simultaneously.
- the reaction in the gas phase is overwhelmingly faster, so it is considered that the halogen flame retardant is more effective than the phosphorus flame retardant.
- the compound group containing a trivalent phosphorus atom represented by the chemical formula (4) is a very unstable compound having weak heat resistance and hydrolysis durability, and is heat-kneaded with various synthetic resins. In this case, in view of the influence on the original physical properties of the synthetic resin in addition to volatility, heat resistance, water resistance, etc., further improvement is necessary.
- Patent Document 1 when used as a flame retardant, a compound having reactivity with a polyester main chain, It is described that a metal salt having a large molecular weight is more preferable.
- the flame retardant having reactivity such as OH group is more strongly flame retardant structure in the polyester molecule by copolymerization or transesterification with the polyester forming component itself. Can be incorporated.
- the molecular weight of the synthetic resin is remarkably increased. This causes a problem that the original physical properties of the synthetic resin are extremely lowered. Therefore, the flame retardant premised on the molding process needs to be a sufficiently inert compound having no reaction point with respect to the synthetic resin.
- Patent Document 1 for example, bisphenol S or bisphenol A and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10 are used as flame retardants represented by the following chemical formulas (7) and (8) as condensed esters having high heat resistance.
- a compound having a large molecular weight such as a reaction product with phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide has also been proposed.
- the flame retardants of compound (7) and compound (8) are essentially free from the starting point of thermal decomposition of the compound (9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-10-yl radical). Generation temperature) is too high, and even when the thermogravimetry (TG) exceeds 600 ° C., the thermal decomposition is not completed, so that the radical represented by the chemical formula (6) is not efficiently generated by thermal decomposition. It has been found.
- the condensed ester compound of the compound (5) and a molecule having an excessively large molecular weight such as bisphenol containing bisphenol A, bisphenol S and the like has a large molecular weight of the radical represented by the chemical formula (6) (Mw215.16). It is also known that the flame retardancy is considerably reduced because the content of the chemical formula (5) in the structural formula of the flame retardant is relatively small.
- 9,10-dihydro as a flame retardant having a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-10-yl radical represented by the chemical formula (6) as a structural unit.
- Compounds with low molecular weight, such as -9-oxo-10-methyl-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide have low thermal stability, and the thermal decomposition (TG) shows a thermal decomposition temperature below 200 ° C. Therefore, it is thermally decomposed during heating and kneading at a high temperature, and it can be said that it is not practically suitable as a resin-added flame retardant.
- a phosphonic acid ester having a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide structure as a practical flame retardant for addition to a resin.
- the flame retardant to contain is proposed (patent document 2).
- This phosphonic acid ester is a specific flame retardant imparting high flame retardancy to various resins and excellent in various physical properties.
- this compound is heated to 250 to 300 ° C., the generation of fumes due to slight volatilization is observed, so that the heat resistance as a flame retardant for engineering plastics exceeding 300 ° C. is particularly high when kneaded with a resin. It is not completely satisfactory, and it can be said that there is room for improvement.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a flame retardant for a halogen-free resin that can exhibit excellent flame retardancy because it has high heat resistance while maintaining good transparency and the like.
- the present invention relates to a flame retardant for resin containing the following condensed phosphonate ester, a flame retardant resin composition containing the flame retardant, and a molded product thereof.
- a flame retardant for resin containing the following condensed phosphonate ester
- a flame retardant resin composition containing the flame retardant and a molded product thereof.
- R represents an alkylene group, an arylene group, a cycloalkylene group, a heteroalkylene group, a heterocycloalkylene group or a heteroarylene group which has 1 to 11 carbon atoms and may have a substituent.
- a flame retardant resin composition comprising the flame retardant for a resin according to item 1 and a resin component, the flame retardant resin composition comprising 1 to 100 parts by weight of the condensed phosphonic acid ester with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component. 3.
- Item 3. The flame retardant resin composition according to Item 2, wherein the resin component is a polycarbonate resin. 4).
- Item 4. The flame retardant resin composition according to Item 3, wherein the polycarbonate resin has a melt volume flow rate of 1 to 30. 5.
- a flame retardant resin molded product obtained by molding the flame retardant resin composition according to any one of items 2 to 4. 6).
- Item 6. The flame-retardant resin molded article according to Item 5, which is used for electrical / electronic parts, OA equipment parts, household electrical equipment parts, automotive parts or equipment mechanism parts.
- the flame retardant of the present invention contains a highly heat-resistant condensed phosphonate ester having a specific chemical structure, even if the flame retardant content in the synthetic resin is small, a high degree of flame retardancy is added to the resin. Can be granted. Furthermore, since the phosphonic acid ester, which is an active ingredient of the flame retardant of the present invention, does not contain a halogen element in the molecule, generation of harmful gases is suppressed even when the flame retardant resin composition and the molded product burn. Therefore, the flame retardant resin composition and molded product containing the flame retardant of the present invention exhibit high flame retardancy equivalent to or higher than that of the conventional technology while maintaining good physical properties inherent in the resin component. Can do. In particular, the flame retardant of the present invention can exhibit better performance with respect to polycarbonate resins.
- the flame retardant of the present invention has good transparency when blended in a resin, it is difficult to use a highly transparent resin or a resin that requires optical properties in combination with the addition of a small amount of the flame retardant as described above. It can also be suitably used for combustion.
- the molded product of the present invention formed by blending a flame retardant having such characteristics is suitably used for, for example, internal parts or casings of OA equipment or home appliances, members that require flame retardancy in the automotive field, and the like. be able to. More specifically, for example, insulation coating materials such as electric wires and cables or various electric parts, instrument panels, center console panels, lamp housings, lamp reflectors, corrugated tubes, electric wire covering materials, battery parts, car navigation parts, car stereos.
- Various automobiles such as parts, ships, aircraft parts, wash basin parts, toilet parts, bathroom parts, floor heating parts, lighting equipment, various housing equipment parts such as air conditioners, roofing materials, ceiling materials, wall materials, flooring materials, etc.
- Various building materials, relay cases, coil bobbins, optical pickup chassis, motor cases, notebook computer housings and internal parts, CRT display housings and internal parts, printer housings and internal parts, portable terminal housings and internal parts, recording media (CD, DVD, PD) drive Ujingu and internal components, can be used in electric and electronic parts such as housings and internal parts of the copier. Furthermore, it is suitable for use in home appliances such as televisions, radios, recording / recording equipment, washing machines, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, rice cookers, lighting equipment, etc., as well as various machine parts and miscellaneous goods. Is also useful.
- the front view (a) and side view (b) of the test piece produced in the case of evaluation of the optical physical property of the molded article in an Example are shown.
- the flame retardant for resin of the present invention (the present flame retardant) is represented by the following general formula (I) [Wherein, R represents an alkylene group, an arylene group, a cycloalkylene group, a heteroalkylene group, a heterocycloalkylene group or a heteroarylene group which has 1 to 11 carbon atoms and may have a substituent. ]
- R represents an alkylene group, an arylene group, a cycloalkylene group, a heteroalkylene group, a heterocycloalkylene group or a heteroarylene group which has 1 to 11 carbon atoms and may have a substituent.
- the condensed phosphonic acid ester represented by these is included.
- the condensed phosphonate ester represented by the following general formula (I) (hereinafter also referred to as “the present invention condensed phosphonate ester”) functions as an active ingredient of the present flame retardant.
- the flame retardant of the present invention contains one or more of the condensed phosphonic acid esters of the present invention.
- R in the general formula (I) represents an alkylene group, an arylene group, a cycloalkylene group, a heteroalkylene group, a heteroarylene group, or a heterocycloalkylene group, which may have a substituent.
- the substituent may be any substituent other than halogen, such as nitrogen-based substituents such as amino groups, amide groups, and nitro groups, sulfur-based substituents such as sulfonic acid groups, carboxyl groups, and alkoxy groups. And carbon-based substituents.
- the carbon number of R is 1 to 11, and the carbon number is a carbon number including a substituent when it has a substituent.
- the alkylene group may be a linear or branched alkylene group. Specific examples include methylene group, ethylene group, propylene group, isopropylene group, butylene group, isobutylene group, pentylene group, isopentylene group, neopentylene group, hexylene group, heptylene group, octylene group, nonylene group, decylene group, etc. Is mentioned. That is, in the present invention, an unsubstituted alkylene group can be preferably used. These alkylene groups preferably have 1 to 11 carbon atoms, more preferably about 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the arylene group may be any of cyclic (which may be monocyclic, condensed polycyclic, bridged ring, or spiro ring) which may have a substituent.
- monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic arylene groups such as a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthalenylene group, an azulenylene group, a phenalenylene group, and a biphenylene group can be given.
- R in the general formula (I) is preferably an arylene group having 6 to 11 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a phenylene group and a naphthylene group. In the present invention, a phenylene group is more preferable.
- the cycloalkylene group may be any of cyclic groups (monocyclic, condensed polycyclic, bridged ring and spiro ring hydrides) which may have a substituent. Examples thereof include a cyclopropylene group, a cyclobutylene group, a cyclopentylene group, a cyclohexylene group, a cycloheptylene group, and a cyclooctylene group.
- R in the general formula (I) is preferably a cycloalkylene group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- heteroalkylene group examples include groups in which at least one carbon atom constituting the alkylene group is substituted with a heteroatom (particularly, at least one of an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom).
- R in the general formula (I) is most preferably a heteroalkylene group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms in which a hetero atom is substituted with an oxygen atom.
- 3-oxapentylene, 3,6-dioxaoctylene, 3,6,9-trioxaundecalene 1,4-dimethyl-3-oxa-1,5-pentylene, 1, 4,7-trimethyl-3,6-dioxa-1,8-octylene, 1,47,10-tetramethyl-3,6,9-trioxa-1,11-undecene and the like.
- 3-oxapentylene and 1,4-dimethyl-3-oxa-1,5-pentylene are preferred.
- heterocycloalkylene group examples include groups in which at least one carbon atom constituting the cycloalkylene group is substituted with a heteroatom (particularly, at least one of an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom).
- R in the general formula (I) is preferably a 5-membered or 6-membered cyclic heteroarylene group. More specifically, a piperidinediyl group, a pyrrolidinediyl group, a piperadidiyl group, an oxetanediyl group, a tetrahydrofurandiyl group and the like are preferable.
- heteroarylene group examples include groups in which at least one carbon atom constituting the arylene group is substituted with a heteroatom (particularly, at least one of an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a sulfur atom).
- R in the general formula (I) is preferably a 5-membered or 6-membered cyclic heteroaryl group. More specifically, a frangyl group, a pyrrolidinediyl group, a pyridinediyl group, a pyrimidinediyl group, a quinolidinediyl group, an isoquinolinediyl group, and the like are more preferable.
- condensed phosphonate represented by the general formula (I) include compounds represented by the following formulas (9) to (18). As these compounds themselves, known or commercially available compounds can be used. Moreover, these can also be manufactured by a well-known synthesis method.
- the carbon number of R in the general formula (I) exceeds 11, a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxo-10-phosphat which exhibits radical trapping ability in the condensed phosphonate molecule.
- the content of phenanthrene-10-oxide-10-yl group is relatively low. Therefore, in the present invention, in order for the general formula (I) to exhibit a high degree of flame retardancy, the carbon number of R is 11 or less, preferably the carbon number of R is 2 to 10.
- the production method is not particularly limited.
- it is suitably produced by the phosphonic acid ester production method described in JP-A-2009-108089. can do.
- the phosphonic acid ester represented by the general formula (I) is obtained by oxidizing a trivalent phosphorus atom to pentavalent using an oxidizing agent in the presence of an amine with respect to the organic phosphorus compound.
- the condensed phosphonic acid ester of the present invention can be suitably produced by a production method comprising
- step A the compound represented by the chemical formula (II) and a dihydric alcohol or a dihydric phenol are added to the reaction system and subjected to a dehydrohalogenation reaction.
- the organophosphorus compound represented by I) is synthesized.
- the compound represented by the general formula (II) may be synthesized according to the production method described in JP-A-2007-223934 using commercially available 2-phenylphenol and phosphorus trichloride as raw materials.
- the divalent alcohols or divalent phenols may be appropriately selected from known ones or commercially available products depending on the chemical structure of the final target product.
- both the compound represented by the general formula (II) and the divalent alcohol or divalent phenol are allowed to be used at room temperature (about 18 ° C.) What is necessary is just to mix at 180 degreeC.
- the mixing ratio is not particularly limited, but about 0.5 to 1 mol, preferably 0.5 to 0, of a divalent alcohol or divalent phenol is used per 1 mol of the compound represented by the general formula (II). About 7 moles may be used.
- This reaction may be carried out in a solvent as necessary.
- the solvent is not particularly limited.
- hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and n-hexane
- ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane
- aprotic organic solvents such as halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as dichloromethane and chloroform. Etc. can be used.
- an amine may be present in the reaction system as necessary as a catalyst for efficiently promoting the dehydrohalogenation reaction.
- the type of amine is not particularly limited.
- triethylamine, pyridine, N, N-dimethylaniline, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] At least one of -5-nonene, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like.
- triethylamine is preferable economically.
- the amount of the catalyst added may be set so long as it is the amount of the catalyst for the above reaction, and can be appropriately set according to the type of amine.
- step B the condensed phosphorus phosphonate of the present invention is obtained by oxidizing the trivalent phosphorus atom to pentavalent using an oxidizing agent in the presence of an amine with respect to the organophosphorus compound.
- the method of oxidizing is not limited.
- an organic phosphorus compound represented by the general formula (III) and an oxidizing agent may be mixed with stirring.
- the reaction temperature is usually about 0 to 50 ° C. If necessary, by controlling the pH by adding a small amount of amine, the hydrolysis reaction can be suppressed, and the target product can be obtained in a higher yield.
- the oxidizing agent known or commercially available ones can be used. Specifically, at least one peroxide such as hydrogen peroxide (water), peracetic acid, perbenzoic acid, and m-chloroperbenzoic acid can be suitably used. In the present invention, hydrogen peroxide (water) is particularly preferable for economic reasons.
- the addition amount of the oxidizing agent can be appropriately set according to the kind of the oxidizing agent used, etc., but in general, with respect to 1 mol of the organic phosphorus compound as represented by the general formula (III).
- An oxidizing agent of 2 to 4 mol, preferably about 2.1 to 2.5 mol may be mixed. When the heat generated by the oxidation reaction is intense, mixing may be performed while dropping.
- the amine functions as a catalyst that efficiently promotes the above oxidation reaction.
- examples of such amines include triethylamine, pyridine, N, N-dimethylaniline, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5. -At least one of nonene, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like.
- the appropriate amount of amine added is about 0.01 to 0.1 mol, preferably 0.02 to 0.05 mol, based on 1 mol of the organic phosphorus compound represented by the general formula (III). It should be a degree.
- a solvent can be used as necessary.
- the solvent include hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene and n-hexane; alcohol solvents such as methanol and isopropyl alcohol; halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as dichloromethane and chloroform.
- dihydric alcohols are added at the end of each reaction step in the same reaction system as the beginning of the route for synthesizing the compound represented by the general formula (III).
- a condensed phosphonate can be synthesized by sequentially adding a divalent phenol and an oxidizing agent.
- the amine of the dehydrochlorination catalyst coexists, it functions as a catalyst for the subsequent oxidation reaction, so that the condensed phosphonate can be obtained more easily and reliably.
- the phosphonate can be recovered according to a known purification method, solid-liquid separation method, or the like.
- the condensed phosphonic acid ester is synthesized by the production method of the present invention, it is possible to carry out a refined production with a very high yield. Under favorable conditions, the target product can be obtained in a yield of 90% or more. it can.
- the flame retardant of the present invention may contain subcomponents as necessary.
- a flame retardant aid can be suitably used as an auxiliary component.
- the flame retardant possessed by the condensed phosphonic acid ester of the present invention includes a phosphorus-containing compound other than the condensed phosphonic acid ester of the present invention, a nitrogen-containing compound, a sulfur-containing compound, a silicon-containing compound, and the like. It can mix
- Examples of the phosphorus-containing compound include non-condensed or condensed phosphoric acid such as red phosphorus, phosphoric acid and phosphorous acid, or amine salts or metal salts thereof, inorganic phosphorus-containing compounds such as boron phosphate, and phosphoric acid orthophosphate.
- phosphoric ester amides phosphonic esters other than those mentioned above, phosphorus-containing ester compounds such as phosphinic esters, triazines or triazole compounds or salts thereof [metal salts, (poly) phosphates, sulfates] , Urea compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds such as (poly) phosphoric acid amides, organic sulfonic acids [alkanesulfonic acids, perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids, arenesulfonic acids] or metal salts thereof, sulfonated polymers, organic sulfonic acid amides or the like Sulfur-containing compounds such as salts [ammonium salts, metal salts], (poly) organosites Silicone compounds such as resins, elastomers and oils containing xanthones, silicon-containing compounds such as zeolites, inorganic metal compounds such as metal salts of inorganic acids, metal oxides, metal hydrox
- the flame retardant of the present invention is suitable for imparting flame retardancy to a resin (particularly a synthetic resin), and is preferably used as a so-called synthetic resin internally added flame retardant. it can. That is, it is useful as a flame retardant used for imparting flame retardancy to the resin by containing it uniformly in the resin.
- the same type of known or commercially available flame retardants may be used.
- the flame retardant of the present invention can be imparted to the resin by mixing the flame retardant of the present invention so as to be uniformly contained inside the resin. Can be granted.
- the mixing method is not particularly limited as long as the flame retardant of the present invention can be uniformly mixed in the resin, and may be any method such as dry mixing, wet mixing, and melt kneading.
- the flame retardant resin composition of the present invention is a resin composition comprising the flame retardant of the present invention and a resin component, and the condensed phosphonic acid ester 1 to 100 per 100 parts by weight of the resin component. Including parts by weight.
- each component will be described.
- flame retardant As the flame retardant, a flame retardant (the present flame retardant) containing the condensed phosphonic acid ester of the present invention can be used.
- the flame retardant content is usually 1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component. If the composition ratio of the flame retardant is less than 1 part by weight, the flame retardancy becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the inherent characteristics of the resin may not be obtained.
- the content of the flame retardant auxiliary can be appropriately set according to the type of flame retardant auxiliary used.
- the phosphorus-containing compound is 1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component
- the nitrogen-containing compound is 3 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component
- the sulfur-containing compound is with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component. 0.01 to 20 parts by weight, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component for silicon-containing compounds, and about 1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component for inorganic metal compounds. good.
- the resin component mixed in the flame retardant resin composition in the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be applied to various resins (particularly synthetic resins) used for molding. it can.
- resins particularly synthetic resins
- it can.
- examples thereof include polymer alloys by homopolymers or copolymers alone or in combination thereof.
- polystyrene resins polyamide resins, polyester resins, polyether resins, polycarbonate resins, acrylic resins, and the like are particularly preferable.
- a polycarbonate resin is more preferable.
- the resin components applicable in the present invention will be listed.
- polyolefin resins examples include homopolymers of ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, and 1-octene, and the above-mentioned ⁇ -olefins.
- a resin such as a random or block copolymer alone and a mixture thereof, and a polyolefin resin such as a resin obtained by copolymerizing vinyl acetate, maleic anhydride and the like can be preferably used.
- Polypropylene resins such as propylene homopolymer, propylene-ethylene random copolymer, propylene-ethylene block copolymer, propylene-ethylene-butene copolymer, low density ethylene homopolymer, high density ethylene homopolymer , Ethylene- ⁇ -olefin random copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer , Ethylene - polyethylene resin or the like ethyl acrylate copolymer, and the like.
- These resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- in order to improve the physical property of a flame-retardant resin composition in order to improve the physical property of a flame-retardant resin composition, what mix
- Polystyrene resins include, for example, homopolymers or copolymers of styrene monomers such as styrene, vinyltoluene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, chlorostyrene, unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile, ) Copolymerization of vinyl monomer and styrene monomer such as ⁇ , ⁇ -monoolefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid or acid anhydride or its ester such as acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid ester and maleic anhydride Examples thereof include merging, styrene-based graft copolymers, and styrene-based block copolymers.
- polystyrene GPPS
- styrene- (meth) methyl acrylate copolymer styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer
- AS resin styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer
- styrene monomer examples include impact-resistant polystyrene (HIPS), polystyrene-based grafts or block copolymers.
- Polystyrene graft copolymers include copolymers in which at least a styrene monomer and a copolymerizable monomer are graft polymerized to a rubber component (for example, an ABS resin obtained by graft polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile on polybutadiene, an acrylic rubber AAS resin obtained by graft polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile, polymer obtained by graft polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile on ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polymer obtained by graft polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile on ethylene-propylene rubber, styrene and methyl methacrylate on polybutadiene
- a rubber component for example, an ABS resin obtained by graft polymerization of styrene and acrylonitrile on polybutadiene, an acrylic rubber AAS resin obtained
- block copolymer examples include polystyrene block.
- Copolymers composed of diene or olefin blocks eg, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) block copolymers, styrene-isoprene block copolymers, styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers, hydrogen) Styrene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene (SEPS) block copolymer), etc.
- SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
- SEBS Styrene-butadiene-styrene
- SEPS hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene
- the polyvinyl resins polyvinyl resin, such as vinyl monomers (e.g., vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl crotonate, vinyl esters and vinyl benzoate; chlorine-containing vinyl monomers (e.g., vinyl chloride, chloroprene ); Fluorine-containing vinyl monomers (eg, fluoroethylene); vinyl ketones such as methyl vinyl ketone and methyl isopropenyl ketone; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether and vinyl isobutyl ether; N-vinyl carbazole, N-vinyl pyrrolidone Vinylamines etc.) or a copolymer thereof, or a copolymer with other copolymerizable monomers.
- vinyl monomers e.g., vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl crotonate, vinyl esters and vinyl benzoate
- chlorine-containing vinyl monomers e.g., vinyl chloride, chloroprene
- vinyl resins for example, polyvinyl acetals such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl formal, and polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, etc.
- vinyl resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyamide resins examples include ring-opening polymers ( ⁇ -aminocarboxylic acid polymers) such as ⁇ -caprolactam, undecane lactam, lauryl lactam, and copolycondensates of diamine and dicarboxylic acid. Can do. More specifically, polyamide 3, polyamide 6, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, polyamide 66, polyamide 610, polyamide 612, polyamide 6T, polyamide 6I, polyamide 9T and the like are exemplified. These polyamide resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyester resin polyester resin such as alkylene terephthalate homopolymers or copolymers composed mainly of alkylene arylate units, such as alkylene naphthalate and the like. More specifically, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytripropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), 1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate (PCT), polyethylene naphthalate, polypropylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, etc.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT polytripropylene terephthalate
- PCT 1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate
- polyethylene naphthalate polypropylene naphthalate
- polybutylene naphthalate etc.
- polyester resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyether resins such as polyalkylene ether homopolymer or a styrene-based compound graft-copolymerization of alkylene ether, or those that have been mixed polyalkylene ether and a styrene-based polymer and the like.
- Preferred examples include poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether [modified polyphenylene ether] obtained by graft copolymerization with polystyrene. be able to.
- the polyphenylene oxide resin can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polycarbonate resins polycarbonate resins, for example, a dihydroxy compound, a polymer obtained by reaction of a carbonic ester such as phosgene or diphenyl carbonate.
- the dihydroxy compound may be an alicyclic compound or the like, but is preferably a bisphenol compound.
- the bisphenol compound include bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A), and 2,2-bis.
- polycarbonate-based resins include bisphenol A type polycarbonate. Polycarbonate resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a polycarbonate resin having a high molecular weight is suitable, and a polycarbonate resin having a viscosity average molecular weight of about 18,000 to 100,000, particularly 20,000 to 30,000 is preferred.
- the polycarbonate resin preferably has an MVR (melt volume flow rate) of 1 to 30, particularly preferably 2 to 10.
- MVR melt volume flow rate
- the MVR in this case was measured according to JIS K7210, and the test conditions were 300 ° C. and 1.2 kgf.
- Acrylic resins include, for example, (meth) acrylic monomers (such as (meth) acrylic acid or esters thereof) alone or copolymers, (meth) acrylic acid-styrene copolymers, Examples include methyl (meth) acrylate-styrene copolymer.
- the synthetic resin (resin component) in the present invention is produced by kneading two or more types of resin components in the presence or absence of an appropriate compatibilizing agent in addition to the above-mentioned resins.
- alloyed resins include polypropylene / polyamide, polypropylene / polybutylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer / polybutylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer / polyamide, and polycarbonate / acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer.
- a modified product of the aforementioned synthetic resin can also be used.
- a modified product obtained by grafting the synthetic resin with an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, siloxane or the like can also be used.
- the flame retardant synthetic resin composition of the present invention may be appropriately blended with additives contained in a known resin composition as necessary within the range not impeding the effects of the present invention. it can.
- additives include 1) antioxidants such as phenolic compounds, phosphine compounds, thioether compounds, and 2) UV absorbers such as benzophenone compounds, benzotriazole compounds, salicylate compounds, hindered amine compounds, or light resistance.
- a fluorine-containing polymer (fluorine resin) having a fibril-forming ability can be blended with the flame retardant resin composition of the present invention.
- a fluorine-containing polymer having a fibril forming ability By adding a fluorine-containing polymer having a fibril forming ability, the drip prevention performance of the test piece during combustion is further enhanced in the flammability test of the flame retardant resin composition, particularly in the UL standard vertical combustion test (UL94V). Can do.
- the flame-retardant resin composition of this invention can be obtained by mixing said each component uniformly. Preferably, it can manufacture by melt-kneading said each component.
- the kneading order in that case is not particularly limited, either may be mixed at the same time, or several types may be mixed in advance and the rest may be mixed later.
- the mixing method is not limited.
- a high-speed stirrer such as a tumbler type V blender, a Henschel mixer, or a ribbon mixer, a single-screw, a twin-screw continuous kneader, a roll mixer, or the like may be used alone or in combination. Can be adopted.
- a synthetic resin and a high-concentration composition can be further prepared in advance using several types of master batches, and then mixed with the resin for dilution to obtain a predetermined resin composition.
- the flame retardant resin composition of the present invention has high heat resistance and achieves excellent flame retardancy with a relatively small amount of addition, as well as physical properties and optical properties. It can be suitably used for the production of a flame-retardant molded product whose physical properties are highly harmonized. That is, the flame retardant resin composition of the present invention can be suitably used as a resin composition for producing molded products ranging from thin to thick. Thereby, the molded article excellent in the flame retardance can be provided.
- the present invention includes a flame retardant resin molded article obtained by molding the flame retardant resin composition of the present invention.
- the molding method is not particularly limited, and known methods such as injection molding and extrusion molding can be used.
- a method using an extrusion molding machine, a method of producing a sheet once, and performing secondary processing such as vacuum molding and press molding, a method using an injection molding machine, and the like can be given.
- injection molding is preferred in the present invention.
- the molded product can be manufactured not only by the normal cold runner type injection molding method but also by the hot runner method that enables runnerlessness. Furthermore, for example, gas assist injection molding, injection compression molding, ultra-high speed injection molding, or the like can be employed.
- the molded product comprising the flame retardant resin composition of the present invention is excellent in flame retardancy at a thin wall and does not significantly impair various mechanical properties inherent in the resin. It can be applied to a member that requires flame retardancy in the body, automobile field, and the like.
- insulation coating materials such as electric wires and cables or various electric parts, instrument panels, center console panels, lamp housings, lamp reflectors, corrugated tubes, electric wire covering materials, battery parts, car navigation parts, car stereos.
- Various automobiles such as parts, ships, aircraft parts, wash basin parts, toilet parts, bathroom parts, floor heating parts, lighting equipment, various housing equipment parts such as air conditioners, roofing materials, ceiling materials, wall materials, flooring materials, etc.
- ICP Elemental analysis High-frequency coupled plasma emission spectrometer
- Synthesis example 2 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that 8.2 g of catechol was changed to 8.2 g of resorcinol to obtain 35.5 g of a white crystal having a melting point of 158.5 ° C. (yield 88%). The purity of the obtained compound was 99.2%. From the results of IR, 1 H-NMR, 31 P-NMR and elemental analysis of this compound, the obtained compound was converted into 1,3-bis [(9,10-dihydro-9-) represented by the chemical formula (14). Oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-10-yl) oxy] benzene.
- Synthesis example 3 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that 8.2 g of catechol was changed to 8.2 g of hydroquinone to obtain white crystals of 34.3 g of a compound having a melting point of 216.5 ° C. (yield 85%). The purity of the obtained compound was 98.7%. From the results of IR, 1 H-NMR, 31 P-NMR and elemental analysis of this compound, the obtained compound was 1,4-bis [(9,10-dihydro-9- represented by the chemical formula (13). Oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-10-yl) oxy] benzene.
- Synthesis example 4 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that 8.2 g of catechol was changed to 4.66 g of ethylene glycol to obtain 27.2 g of white crystals of the compound having a melting point of 167.9 ° C. (yield 74%). The purity of the obtained compound was 99.3%. From the results of IR, 1 H-NMR, 31 P-NMR and elemental analysis of this compound, the obtained compound was 1,2-bis [(9,10-dihydro-9-) represented by the chemical formula (9). It was confirmed to be oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-10-yl) oxy] ethane.
- Synthesis example 5 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that 8.2 g of catechol was changed to 7.8 g of neopentyl glycol, to obtain 8.0 g of white crystals of compound having a melting point of 207.7 ° C. (yield 20%). The purity of the obtained compound was 98.8%. From the results of IR, 1 H-NMR, 31 P-NMR, MS and elemental analysis of this compound, the obtained compound was 1,3-bis [(9,10-dihydro--) represented by the chemical formula (10).
- a flame retardant synthetic resin composition was prepared using the phosphonic acid ester obtained in each of the above synthesis examples.
- the component which comprises a flame-retardant synthetic resin composition contains the synthetic resin and flame retardant shown below.
- the following components were dry blended according to the blending ratio (parts by weight) described in Tables 1 to 3, then melt mixed in a twin screw extruder, extruded and kneaded, and the strand was cut into pellets A flame retardant resin composition was obtained.
- A-4 Easter GN-001 (Eastman Chemical Co., PET-G) Flame retardant B-1: Compound (12)
- B-2 Compound (14)
- B-3 Compound (9)
- B-4 Compound (10)
- B-5 Compound (19), 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phenoxy-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (prepared according to the method described in JP-A-2009-108089.
- B-6 Compound (7), 4,4′-bis [(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-10-yl) oxy] -2,2′-diphenyl Propane (prepared according to the method described in JP2009-108089. Chemical formula (7) is shown below.)
- B-7 PX-200 (manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Co., Ltd., chemical formula (2) is shown below)
- each test piece was measured for total light transmittance and haze (haze) with a haze meter (TC-HIII, manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.). Each measurement was performed at a thickness of 3 mm in accordance with JIS K7105 (transmission method). The results are shown in Table 3.
- the molded product according to the present invention has a low concentration of flame retardant addition (especially 18 parts by weight or less, particularly 15 parts by weight or less, and even 12 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component). It can be seen that very excellent flame retardancy is imparted to synthetic resins such as resins and polyester resins.
- each of Examples 1 to 8 is a flame retardant addition amount of about 10 to 15% by weight in the resin composition, and V in all thicknesses of 0.8 mm, 1.6 mm, and 3.2 mm. -0 has been achieved.
- each of Examples 10 to 16 is a flame retardant addition amount of about 10 to 15% by weight in the resin composition with respect to the polyester resin, 0.8 mm, V-0 is achieved at all thicknesses of 1.6 mm and 3.2 mm. This has shown that the flame retardant compound of this invention is remarkably high in flame retardance compared with the well-known flame retardant shown by a comparative example.
- the flame retardant of the present invention has various physical properties such as flame retardancy, physical properties and optical properties at a relatively small addition amount of about 10 to 15% by weight in the resin composition. It can be seen that a flame retardant resin composition and a flame retardant resin molded product highly harmonized with each other can be obtained.
- the conventional phosphonate flame retardants and condensed phosphate ester flame retardants include the condensed phosphonate of the present invention. It can be seen that the high flame retardance as seen and the optical properties inherent in the resin cannot be compatible.
- Table 4 shows the evaluation results of heat resistance for each flame retardant.
- the properties of a white solid are shown at room temperature, the 1% weight reduction temperature and the 5% weight reduction temperature are both 300 ° C. or higher, and the melting point (DTA peak apex temperature) is 100 ° C. or higher. . This indicates that even a resin in which the kneading temperature of the resin and the flame retardant exceeds 300 ° C., such as engineering plastics such as polycarbonate resin, can be stably processed. .
- Comparative Examples 30 to 32 since the 1% weight loss temperature is lower than 300 ° C., the flame retardant itself is partially pyrolyzed or volatilized during high-temperature thermal processing such as engineering plastics, resulting in decomposition gas due to decomposition. It is apparent that processability is reduced due to generation of (fumes) or volatilization of the flame retardant. Further, Comparative Example 30 and Comparative Example 32 are solids having a melting point of around 100 ° C., and Comparative Example 31 is a highly viscous liquid substance that does not exhibit a melting point, so both are highly plastic, and the MVR of the comparative examples in Table 3 is higher than that of the examples. It can be seen that this also supports that.
- the condensed phosphonate ester flame retardants of the present invention have a specific flame retardant mechanism that is not seen in the past. It is possible to achieve a high level of compatibility with the resin, and as a result, while ensuring various physical properties of the resin such as fluidity, impact strength, and transparency, by a specific flame retardant mechanism that has not been seen in the past. It can be seen that a high degree of flame retardancy can be obtained by adding a relatively small amount.
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Abstract
Description
1. 下記一般式(I)
で表される縮合型ホスホン酸エステルを含む樹脂用難燃剤。
2. 前記項1に記載の樹脂用難燃剤及び樹脂成分を含む樹脂組成物であって、樹脂成分100重量部に対して当該縮合型ホスホン酸エステル1~100重量部を含む難燃性樹脂組成物。
3. 樹脂成分がポリカーボネート系樹脂である、前記項2に記載の難燃性樹脂組成物。
4. ポリカーボネート系樹脂のメルトボリュームフローレートが1~30である、前記項3に記載の難燃性樹脂組成物。
5. 前記項2~4のいずれかに記載の難燃性樹脂組成物を成形してなる難燃性樹脂成型品。
6. 電気・電子部品、OA機器部品、家電機器部品、自動車用部品又は機器機構部品に用いられる、前記項5に記載の難燃性樹脂成型品。
(1)縮合型ホスホン酸エステル及びその製造方法
本発明の樹脂用難燃剤(本発明難燃剤)は、下記一般式(I)
で表される縮合型ホスホン酸エステルを含むことを特徴とする。
で表される化合物を、2価のアルコール類又は2価のフェノール類を反応系中に添加して、脱ハロゲン化水素反応させることにより、下記式(III)
で表される有機リン系化合物を合成する工程(A工程)、
(B)前記有機リン系化合物に対して、アミンの存在下、酸化剤を用いて3価のリン原子を5価に酸化することにより、前記一般式(I)で表されるホスホン酸エステルを得る工程(B工程)
を含む製造方法により、本発明の縮合型ホスホン酸エステルを好適に製造することができる。
本発明難燃剤には、本発明縮合型ホスホン酸エステルのほか、必要に応じて副成分が含まれていても良い。例えば、難燃助剤を好適に副成分として好適に用いることができる。
本発明難燃剤は、樹脂(特に合成樹脂)に対して難燃性を付与するのに適しており、いわゆる合成樹脂内部添加型難燃剤として好適に用いることができる。つまり、樹脂中に均一に含有させることにより難燃性を当該樹脂に付与するために用いる難燃剤として有用である。具体的な使用方法としては、同じタイプの公知又は市販の難燃剤と同様にすれば良く、例えば本発明難燃剤を樹脂内部に均一に含まれるように混合することにより当該樹脂に難燃性を付与することができる。混合方法は、本発明難燃剤を樹脂中に均一に混合できる限りは特に制限されず、例えば乾式混合、湿式混合、溶融混練等のいずれの方法であっても良い。
本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物は、本発明難燃剤及び樹脂成分を含む樹脂組成物であって、樹脂成分100重量部に対して当該縮合型ホスホン酸エステル1~100重量部を含む。以下、各成分について説明する。
難燃剤としては、本発明縮合型ホスホン酸エステルを含む難燃剤(本発明難燃剤)を用いることができる。
本発明における難燃性樹脂組成物に混合される樹脂成分としては、特に制限されるものではなく、成形用として利用される種々の樹脂(特に合成樹脂)に適用することができる。例えば、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリビニル系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリエーテル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリアセタール系樹脂、ポリエーテル・エーテルケトン樹脂、ポリフェニレン・スルフィド樹脂、ポリアミド・イミド樹脂、ポリエーテル・スルフォン樹脂、ポリスルフォン樹脂、ポリメチル・ペンテン樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂又は熱硬化性樹脂のホモポリマーあるいはコポリマーの単独又はそれらの組み合わせによるポリマーアロイ類等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、特にポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリエステル系、ポリエーテル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂等が好ましい。特に、本発明では、ポリカーボネート系樹脂がより好ましい。以下、本発明で適用し得る樹脂成分について列挙する。
ポリオレフィン系樹脂としては、例えばエチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、1-オクテン等のα-オレフィンの単独重合体、前記のα―オレフィンどうしのランダム又はブロック共重合体の単体及び混合物等の樹脂、さらにこれと酢酸ビニル、無水マレイン酸等が共重合された樹脂等のポリオレフィン系樹脂が好適に使用することができ、より具体的には、プロピレン単独重合体、プロピレン-エチレンランダム共重合体、プロピレン-エチレンブロック共重合体、プロピレン-エチレン-ブテン共重合体等のようなポリプロピレン系樹脂、低密度エチレン単独重合体、高密度エチレン単独重合体、エチレン-α-オレフィンランダム共重合体、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン-エチルアクリレート共重合体等のポリエチレン系樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの樹脂は、1種又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。また、本発明において、難燃性樹脂組成物の物性を改良するために、例えばポリエチレン系合成ゴム、ポリオレフィン系合成ゴム等を配合したものであっても良い。
ポリスチレン系樹脂としては、例えばスチレン、ビニルトルエン、α-メチルスチレン、クロロスチレン等のようなスチレン系単量体の単独重合体又は共重合体や、アクリロニトリル等の不飽和ニトリル、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、無水マレイン酸等のα,β-モノオレフィン性不飽和カルボン酸又は酸無水物或いはそのエステル等のビニル単量体とスチレン系単量体との共重合体や、スチレン系グラフト共重合体、スチレン系ブロック共重合体等が挙げられる。好ましくは、ポリスチレン(GPPS)、スチレン-(メタ)アクリル酸メチル共重合体、スチレン-無水マレイン酸共重合体、スチレン-アクリロニトリル共重合体(AS樹脂)、ゴム成分にスチレン系単量体が重合した耐衝撃性ポリスチレン(HIPS)、ポリスチレン系グラフト又はブロック共重合体等が例示される。ポリスチレン系グラフト共重合体としては、ゴム成分に少なくともスチレン系単量体及び共重合性単量体がグラフト重合した共重合体(例えば、ポリブタジエンにスチレン及びアクリロニトリルをグラフト重合したABS樹脂、アクリルゴムにスチレン及びアクリロニトリルをグラフト重合したAAS樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体にスチレン及びアクリロニトリルをグラフト重合した重合体、エチレン-プロピレンゴムにスチレン及びアクリロニトリルをグラフト重合した重合体、ポリブタジエンにスチレンとメタクリル酸メチルをグラフト重合したMBS樹脂、スチレン-ブタジエン共重合体ゴムにスチレン及びアクリロニトリルがグラフト重合した樹脂等が例示される。ブロック共重合体としては、例えばポリスチレンブロックとジエン又はオレフィンブロックとで構成された共重合体(例えば、スチレン-ブタジエン-スチレン(SBS)ブロック共重合体、スチレン-イソプレンブロック共重合体、スチレン-イソプレン-スチレン(SIS)ブロック共重合体、水素添加スチレン-ブタジエン-スチレン(SEBS)ブロック共重合体、水素添加スチレン-イソプレン-スチレン(SEPS)ブロック共重合体)等が挙げられる。これらのスチレン系樹脂は、1種又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
ポリビニル系樹脂としては、例えばビニル系単量体(例えば、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、クロトン酸ビニル、安息香酸ビニル等のビニルエステル;塩素含有ビニル単量体(例えば、塩化ビニル、クロロプレン);フッ素含有ビニル単量体(例えば、フルオロエチレン等);メチルビニルケトン、メチルイソプロペニルケトン等のビニルケトン類;ビニルメチルエーテル、ビニルイソブチルエーテル等のビニルエーテル類;N-ビニルカルバゾール、N-ビニルピロリドン等のビニルアミン類等)の単独又は共重合体、あるいは他の共重合可能なモノマーとの共重合体等が含まれる。前記ビニル系樹脂の誘導体(例えばポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルホルマール、ポリビニルブチラール等のポリビニルアセタール、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体等)も使用できる。これらのビニル系樹脂は、1種で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。
ポリアミド系樹脂としては、例えばε-カプロラクタム、ウンデカンラクタム、ラウリルラクタム等の開環重合体(ω-アミノカルボン酸重合体)や、ジアミンとジカルボン酸との共重縮合体等を挙げることができる。より具体的には、ポリアミド3、ポリアミド6、ポリアミド11、ポリアミド12、ポリアミド66、ポリアミド610、ポリアミド612、ポリアミド6T、ポリアミド6I、ポリアミド9T等が例示される。これらのポリアミド系樹脂は、1種で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
ポリエステル系樹脂としては、例えばアルキレンテレフタレート、アルキレンナフタレート等のアルキレンアリレート単位を主成分とする単独重合体又は共重合体等が挙げられる。より具体的には、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリトリプロピレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメチレンテレフタレート(PCT)、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリプロピレンナフタレート、ポリブチレンナフタレート等の単独重合体のほか、アルキレンテレフタレート及び/又はアルキレンナフタレートを主成分として含有する共重合体のうち、高度に結晶化されていないものが例示される。また、ポリアルキレンレテフタレートの構成成分となるアルキレングリコールの一定含量を1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール(CHDM)に置き換えた重合体であるグリコール変性ポリエステル(PETG)も好適な例として挙げることができる。これらのポリエステル系樹脂は、単独で又は二種以上組み合わせて使用できる。
ポリエーテル系樹脂としては、例えばアルキレンエーテルの単独重合体又はスチレン系化合物をグラフト共重合せしめたポリアルキレンエーテル、或いはポリアルキレンエーテルとスチレン系重合体を混合したもの等が挙げられる。具体的には、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレン)エーテル、ポリ(2-メチル-6-エチル-1,4-フェニレン)エーテル、ポリ(2,6-ジエチル-1,4-フェニレン)エーテル等のポリアルキレンエーテルの単独重合体、スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、2,4-ジメチルスチレン、モノクロロスチレン、ジクロロスチレン、p-メチルスチレン、エチルスチレン等のスチレン系化合物をグラフト共重合せしめたポリフェニレンエーテルが例示できる。好ましくは、ポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレン)エーテル及びポリスチレンをグラフト共重合せしめたポリ(2,6-ジメチル-1,4-フェニレン)エーテル[変性ポリフェニレンエーテル]等を例示することができる。ポリフェニレンオキシド系樹脂は、1種又は2種以上組み合わせて使用できる。
ポリカーボネート系樹脂には、例えばジヒドロキシ化合物と、ホスゲン又はジフェニルカーボネート等の炭酸エステルとの反応により得られる重合体が挙げられる。ジヒドロキシ化合物は、脂環族化合物等であっても良いが、好ましくはビスフェノール化合物である。ビスフェノール化合物としては、例えばビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン(ビスフェノールA)、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-メチルフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3-メチルブタン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-4-メチルペンタン等のビス(ヒドロキシアリール)C1-6アルカン;1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロペンタン、1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサン等のビス(ヒドロキシアリール)C4-10シクロアルカン;4,4′-ジヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル;4,4′-ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホン;4,4′-ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルフィド;4,4′-ジヒドロキシジフェニルケトン等が挙げられる。好ましいポリカーボネート系樹脂には、ビスフェノールA型ポリカーボネートが含まれる。ポリカーボネート系樹脂は、1種で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用できる。
アクリル系樹脂には、例えば、(メタ)アクリル系単量体((メタ)アクリル酸又はそのエステル等)の単独又は共重合体のほか、(メタ)アクリル酸-スチレン共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル-スチレン共重合体等が含まれる。
本発明の難燃性合成樹脂組成物は、本発明の効果を妨げない範囲内において、必要に応じて公知の樹脂組成物に含まれている添加剤を適宜配合することができる。
本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物は、上記各成分を均一に混合することにより得ることができる。好ましくは、上記各成分を溶融混練することによって製造することができる。その場合の混練順序も特に限定されず、各々を同時に混合しても良いし、あるいは数種類を予め混合し、残りを後から混合しても良い。
本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物は、耐熱性が高く、比較的少量の添加で優れた難燃性を達成するとともに、物理的物性、及び光学的物性が高度に調和された難燃性成型品の製造に好適に用いることができる。すなわち、本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物は、薄肉から厚肉の広範囲にわたる成型品の製造のための樹脂組成物として好適に用いることができる。これにより、難燃性に優れた成型品を提供することができる。
本発明は、本発明の難燃性樹脂組成物を成形してなる難燃性樹脂成型品も包含する。
下記の合成例により、化学式(1)~(5)で示されるホスホン酸エステルを調製した。なお、合成したホスホン酸エステルは、次の方法により同定及び物性の測定を行った。
(1)純度
フォトダイオードアレイ(PDA)3次元UV検出器付高速液体クロマトグラフィー(アライアンスHPLCシステム: ウォーターズ社製)にて純度の確認を行った。
(2)融点
融点(光透過法による融点測定)は、全自動融点測定装置(FP-62:メトラートレド社製)にて測定を行った。
(3)元素分析
元素分析計(EA1110:CEインスツルメンツ社製)にて炭素及び水素を、マイクロウェーブ試料分解装置(ETHOS1:マイルストーンゼネラル社製)にて湿式分解後に高周波結合プラズマ発光分析装置(ICP-OES、720ES:バリアン社製)にてリンを、それぞれの化合物について元素分析を行った。
(4)化学構造の同定
赤外吸収分析装置(FT-IR、FT-720:堀場製作所(株)製)によるIRスペクトル、300MHz核磁気共鳴吸収分析装置(JNM-AL300:日本電子(株)製)による水素核磁気共鳴(1H-NMR)スペクトル、リン核磁気共鳴(31P-NMR)、及び質量分析装置(JEOL JMS-AX505HA:日本電子(株)製)によるMSスペクトルより各々の生成化合物の構造同定を行った。
側管付滴下漏斗及び温度計を備えた撹拌装置付4ツ口フラスコに、9,10-ジヒドロ-9-オキサ-10-ホスファフェナントレン-10-オキシド32.4g、カテコール8.2g、トリエチルアミン17.2g、及びジクロロメタン150mlを投入し、側管付滴下漏斗には四塩化炭素30.8gを投入した。滴下漏斗の上端に塩化カルシウム管を取り付けて空気中の水分が反応系内に混入しないようにした後に撹拌を開始し、フラスコを氷水に浸して10℃まで冷却した。四塩化炭素を反応液温が15℃を超えないように滴下し、滴下後更に1時間そのまま撹拌を続けた。反応液を2%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄し、更に水道水及び飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥した。乾燥した反応液を減圧濃縮することにより黄色液体の粗生成物を得て、メタノール-水で再結晶することにより融点179.2℃の白色粉末状の化合物32.3gを得た(収率80%)。得られた化合物の純度は99.0%であった。この化合物のIR、1H-NMR、31P-NMR及び元素分析の結果から、得られた化合物は、化学式(12)で表される1,2-ビス[(9,10-ジヒドロ-9-オキサ-10-ホスファフェナントレン-10-オキシド-10-イル)オキシ]ベンゼンであることが確認できた。
元素分析:C30H20O6P2;理論値:C66.92, H3.74, P11.51、実測値:C66.70, H3.66, P11.48. IR:3062, 1597, 1496, 1435, 1288, 1257, 1203, 1157, 1103, 1041, 933, 756, 717, 609, 525, 440cm-1. 1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz);δ6.93-7.83ppm(20H, m, Ph),31P-NMR(CDCl3,109MHz);δ7.15ppm.
カテコール8.2gをレゾルシノール8.2gに変更した以外は合成例1と同様に反応を行い、融点158.5℃の化合物35.5gの白色結晶を得た(収率88%)。得られた化合物の純度は99.2%であった。この化合物のIR、1H-NMR、31P-NMR及び元素分析の結果から、得られた化合物は、化学式(14)で表される1,3-ビス[(9,10-ジヒドロ-9-オキサ-10-ホスファフェナントレン-10-オキシド-10-イル)オキシ]ベンゼンであることが確認できた。
元素分析:C30H20O6P2;理論値:C66.92, H3.74, P11.51、実測値:C66.65, H3.52, P11.53. IR:3070, 1597, 1481, 1435, 1273, 1242, 1203, 1119, 1080, 980, 941, 795, 756, 687, 601, 532, 424cm-1. 1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz);δ6.78-8.03ppm(20H, m, Ph),31P-NMR(CDCl3,109MHz);δ7.02ppm.
カテコール8.2gをハイドロキノン8.2gに変更した以外は合成例1と同様に反応を行い、融点216.5℃の化合物34.3gの白色結晶を得た(収率85%)。得られた化合物の純度は98.7%であった。この化合物のIR、1H-NMR、31P-NMR及び元素分析の結果から、得られた化合物は、化学式(13)で表される1,4-ビス[(9,10-ジヒドロ-9-オキサ-10-ホスファフェナントレン-10-オキシド-10-イル)オキシ]ベンゼンであることが確認できた。
元素分析:C30H20O6P2;理論値:C66.92, H3.74, P11.51、実測値:C66.86, H4.01, P11.39. IR:3070, 1597, 1496, 1427, 1280, 1234, 1180, 1118, 933, 841, 755, 717, 601, 548, 509, 424cm-1. 1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz);δ6.92-8.02ppm(20H, m, Ph),31P-NMR(CDCl3,109MHz);δ7.15ppm.
カテコール8.2gをエチレングリコール4.66gに変更した以外は合成例1と同様に反応を行い、融点167.9℃の化合物27.2gの白色結晶を得た(収率74%)。得られた化合物の純度は99.3%であった。この化合物のIR、1H-NMR、31P-NMR及び元素分析の結果から、得られた化合物は、化学式(9)で表される1,2-ビス[(9,10-ジヒドロ-9-オキサ-10-ホスファフェナントレン-10-オキシド-10-イル)オキシ]エタンであることが確認できた。
元素分析:C26H20O6P2;理論値:C63.68, H4.11, P12.63、実測値:C63.62, H4.17, P12.65. IR:3070, 2962, 2908, 1589, 1473, 1435, 1273, 1203, 1157, 1119, 1026, 926, 756, 687, 601, 540, 517, 416cm-1. 1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz);δ4.19-4.03ppm(4H, m, OCH2CH2O), δ7.09-7.96ppm(16H, m, Ph), 31P-NMR(CDCl3,109MHz);δ1.11ppm.
カテコール8.2gをネオペンチルグリコール7.8gに変更した以外は合成例1と同様に反応を行い、融点207.7℃の化合物8.0gの白色結晶を得た(収率20%)。得られた化合物の純度は98.8%であった。この化合物のIR、1H-NMR、31P-NMR、MS及び元素分析の結果から、得られた化合物は、化学式(10)で表される1,3-ビス[(9,10-ジヒドロ-9-オキサ-10-ホスファフェナントレン-10-オキシド-10-イル)オキシ]-2,2-ジメチルプロパンであることが確認でき、1H-NMR、31P-NMRより不斉リン原子によってジアステレオマーが生成されたことが確認された。
元素分析:C29H26O6P2;理論値:C65.42, H4.92, P11.63、実測値:C65.05, H5.17, P11.51. IR:3051, 2970, 2883, 1595, 1477, 1292, 1270, 1192, 1139, 1119, 1114, 1060, 1004, 941, 836, 796, 526, 480,410cm-1. 1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz);δ0.49, 0.56ppm(3H, s, CH3), δ1.08ppm(3H, s, CH3), δ3.22-3.48, 3.56-3.63, 3.78-3.91ppm(4H, m,
CH2O), δ6.81-7.93ppm(16H, m, CH3),
31P-NMR(CDCl3,109MHz);δ6.01,6.24, 11.51, 12.09ppm. M+・;m/z=533(Mw 532.46)
前記の各合成例で得られたホスホン酸エステルを用いて難燃性合成樹脂組成物を調製した。難燃性合成樹脂組成物を構成する成分は、下記に示す合成樹脂及び難燃剤を含有する。この下記成分を表1~3に記載してある配合割合(重量部)に従って、各成分をドライブレンドした後、2軸押出機にて溶融混合して押出混練し、ストランドをカットしてペレット状難燃性樹脂組成物を得た。2軸押出機としては、2軸押出機「KTX30型」((株)神戸製鋼所製、スクリュウ径30mm、L/D=37、ベント付き)を用いた。
合成樹脂
A-1:パンライトL-1225L(帝人化成(株)製、PC;MVR=18)
A-2:パンライトL-1250Y(帝人化成(株)製、PC;MVR=8)
A-3:ノバレックス7030PJ(三菱エンジニアリングプラスチックス(株)製、PC;MVR=2.2)
A-4:イースター GN-001(イーストマン・ケミカル社製、PET-G)
難燃剤
B-1:化合物(12)
B-2:化合物(14)
B-3:化合物(9)
B-4:化合物(10)
B-5:化合物(19)、10-ジヒドロ-9-オキサ-10-フェノキシ-10-ホスファフェナントレン-10-オキシド(特開2009-108089記載の方法に準じて調製した。化学式(19)を以下に示す。)
前記で得られた難燃性合成樹脂組成物を用いて射出成形法により成型品を作製した。射出成形は、射出成形機「FE80S型」(日精樹脂工業(株)製、型締圧80トン)を使用した。得られた試験片を23℃、50%RHの条件で48時間状態調整処理してから、それぞれ燃焼性及び各種の物性評価を行った。その結果を表1~3に示す。なお、これらの評価方法は、具体的には以下の方法により実施した。
燃焼性の評価は、UL94垂直燃焼試験法に準拠して、3.2mm(1/8inch)厚、1.6mm(1/16inch)厚、及び0.8mm(1/32inch)厚の試験片を作成し、得られた試験片について燃焼試験を行った。UL94垂直燃焼試験の結果は、「V-0」、「V-1」、「V-2」、「Burn(全焼)」の4段階評価を行った。その結果を表1~3に示す。
(2)流動性
流動性の評価として、メルトインデクサー(S-111、東洋精機(株)製)にてメルトボリュームフローレート(MVR)の測定を行った。MVRは、JIS K7210に準拠して測定した。試験条件は、300℃, 1.2kgfとした。その結果を表3に示す。
(3)アイゾッド衝撃強度
JIS K7110記載のアイゾッド衝撃試験用試験片(3.2mm)を作成した後、ノッチを切削し、JIS K7110準拠してアイゾッド衝撃強度を測定した。その結果を表3に示す。
(4)光学的物性
図1に示すような2mm/3mm厚の平板試験片(90mm×50mm)を射出成形により作製した後、温度23℃及び湿度50%Rhの条件で48時間の状態調整処理(エージング処理)を施した後の試験片について全光線透過率、曇り度(ヘイズ)の評価を行った。光学的物性の評価方法として、各試験片はヘイズメーター(TC-HIII、東京電色工業(株)製)にて全光線透過率及び曇り度(ヘイズ)の測定を行った。各測定は、JIS K7105(透過法)に準拠して3mm厚にて測定した。その結果を表3に示す。
(5)耐熱性
示差熱熱重量分析装置(TG/DTA、TG/DTA220U:エスエスアイ・ナノテクノロジー(株)製)による熱重量-示差熱変化、TG/DTAチャートより、各々の難燃剤B-1~B-7についての熱重量変化(耐熱性)の評価を行った。各測定は、30~500℃の範囲で測定し、昇温速度10℃/分、空気導入量毎分200mL/分で行った。その結果を表4に示す。
Claims (6)
- 請求項1に記載の樹脂用難燃剤及び樹脂成分を含む樹脂組成物であって、樹脂成分100重量部に対して当該縮合型ホスホン酸エステル1~100重量部を含む難燃性樹脂組成物。
- 樹脂成分がポリカーボネート系樹脂である、請求項2に記載の難燃性樹脂組成物。
- ポリカーボネート系樹脂のメルトボリュームフローレートが1~30である、請求項3に記載の難燃性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項2~4のいずれかに記載の難燃性樹脂組成物を成形してなる難燃性樹脂成型品。
- 電気・電子部品、OA機器部品、家電機器部品、自動車用部品又は機器機構部品に用いられる、請求項5に記載の難燃性樹脂成型品。
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US14/235,149 US20150051327A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-26 | Flame retarder comprising condensed phosphonic acid ester and flame-retardant resin composition |
KR1020147005233A KR102019735B1 (ko) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-07-26 | 축합형 포스폰산 에스테르를 포함하는 난연제 및 난연성 수지 조성물 |
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ES2527602T3 (es) | 2011-08-08 | 2015-01-27 | Empa Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- Und Forschungsanstalt | Fosfonamidatos nuevos - síntesis y aplicaciones de retardantes de llama |
JP5604566B1 (ja) * | 2013-07-05 | 2014-10-08 | 株式会社フジクラ | メンブレンスイッチ及び座席装置 |
CN104650566A (zh) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-27 | 安徽泰诺塑胶有限公司 | 一种用于生产汽车灯罩的聚碳酸酯的聚碳酸酯复合材料的制备方法 |
JP6834142B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-19 | 2021-02-24 | 東レ株式会社 | 難燃性ポリオレフィン系樹脂架橋発泡体 |
JP7012987B2 (ja) * | 2016-05-31 | 2022-02-15 | 丸菱油化工業株式会社 | ポリ乳酸系樹脂用難燃剤及び難燃性樹脂組成物 |
CN109306044A (zh) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-02-05 | 郑州大学 | 一种低极性本征阻燃树脂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN109306040A (zh) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-02-05 | 广东生益科技股份有限公司 | 一种热固性树脂组合物、由其制作的半固化片、覆金属箔层压板及高频电路板 |
CN108822508A (zh) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-16 | 贵州省材料产业技术研究院 | 一种阻燃聚乳酸复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
TW202022006A (zh) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-06-16 | 日商東洋紡股份有限公司 | 使用了具有醯亞胺鍵之樹脂及磷化合物之黏接劑組成物 |
CN109777056B (zh) * | 2019-02-19 | 2021-07-16 | 贵州省材料产业技术研究院 | 一种抗熔滴阻燃聚酯复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN110054873A (zh) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-07-26 | 安徽美佳新材料股份有限公司 | 一种阻燃性热塑性聚酯树脂组合物 |
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CN103703070B (zh) | 2016-01-06 |
CN103703070A (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
TW201319227A (zh) | 2013-05-16 |
KR20140068905A (ko) | 2014-06-09 |
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