WO2013010342A1 - 地推移动装置 - Google Patents
地推移动装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013010342A1 WO2013010342A1 PCT/CN2011/078604 CN2011078604W WO2013010342A1 WO 2013010342 A1 WO2013010342 A1 WO 2013010342A1 CN 2011078604 W CN2011078604 W CN 2011078604W WO 2013010342 A1 WO2013010342 A1 WO 2013010342A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- driven
- cart
- carriage
- wheel
- trolley
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G35/00—Mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for
- B65G35/06—Mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for comprising a load-carrier moving along a path, e.g. a closed path, and adapted to be engaged by any one of a series of traction elements spaced along the path
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an industrial assembly line assembly, and in particular to a ground push mobile device.
- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, two trolleys (ie, one active trolley 10' and one driven trolley 20') are generally used on the ground pushing line 30' to support the object to be transported 40'. The transport item 40' automatically moves to increase production efficiency.
- the existing active car 10' and the driven car 20' adopt a single-sided two-wheel structure, and the roller 1 ⁇ is supported by two deep groove ball bearings. Referring to FIG.
- the conventional push cart is used for non-profile (the center of gravity of the object to be transported 40' can be placed at the center of the active cart 10' and the driven cart 20').
- Lighter objects are suitable.
- the pump boom structure on the one hand, the pump boom structure is a large-sized object (the front and rear center of gravity of the object 40 to be transported cannot be placed at the same time in the center of the active cart 10' and the driven cart 20'. ), on the other hand, the boom assembly is also a one-sided shaped assembly, that is to say, the center of gravity G1' and G2' of the boom assembly can not be fixed to the active carriage 10' and the driven trolley regardless of the adjustment. 20's central location.
- the center of gravity of the driven carriage cannot be in the center position of the driven carriage, and the driven carriage is unbalanced. .
- the driven trolley is easily eccentrically traveled, causing serious wear between the roller and the guide rail, eventually causing the roller bearing to fail, and the roller cannot be properly supported, and the eccentricity is
- the front wheel of the driven car is in point contact with the guide rail, and the reaction force of the guide rail to the roller is small, which causes the roller to be easy to fail, which easily causes the driven car to derail, damages the object to be transported and the car, and even causes serious injury or death to the operator.
- a push moving device comprising: a guide rail; an active trolley disposed on the guide rail; and a driven trolley disposed on the guide rail and located in the active trolley At the rear, the driven trolley includes a driven car front wheel and a driven car rear wheel.
- At least one pair of driven car middle wheels is disposed between the active car and the driven car, and the driven car center wheel is close to the driven car front wheel or Drive the rear wheel of the car.
- the driven cart front wheel and the driven cart rear wheel are disposed on the driven cart through the self-aligning bearing.
- the rear wheel of the active trolley is disposed on the active trolley through the self-aligning bearing.
- the driven trolley further includes a first driven cart middle wheel disposed between the driven cart front wheel and the driven cart rear wheel and close to the driven cart front wheel, and the first driven cart middle wheel passes the centering The bearing is placed on the driven trolley.
- the mating end surface of the front wheel of the driven carriage is away from the mating end surface of the middle wheel of the first driven carriage by a predetermined distance in a direction toward the longitudinal midplane of the driven carriage. Further, the mating end face of the front wheel of the driven carriage is away from the mating end face of the middle wheel of the first driven carriage by 3 mm to 4 mm in a direction toward the longitudinal midplane of the driven carriage.
- the self-aligning bearing is a self-aligning ball bearing and/or a spherical roller bearing. Step by step, the driven car is wider than the active car. Further, the driven trolley is also provided with an anti-flip tool for fixing the object to be transported.
- the anti-flip tool includes a first support frame disposed laterally between the driven cart front wheel and the driven cart rear wheel, and a positioning press plate disposed on the first support frame, and the positioning press plate presses the object to be transported and passes through The bolt is fixed to the first support frame. Further, the positioning platen is slidably disposed laterally on the first support frame. Further, the anti-rolling tool further includes a second support frame disposed parallel to the first support frame and located between the driven cart front wheel and the driven cart rear wheel.
- the ground pushing mobile device includes an active trolley and a driven trolley
- the driven trolley includes a front and rear wheel of the driven carriage provided thereon by the self-aligning bearing and a front wheel and a rear wheel disposed on the driven carriage The middle wheel between the driven cars.
- the driven car When starting to transport the object to be transported, once the driven car is eccentric due to the center of gravity not being in its center position, the yaw is caused between the driven car roller and the guide rail, and the driven car front wheel is off the guide rail, due to the driven car middle wheel And the existence of the rear wheel of the driven car, so the line contact between the driven car and the guide rail can still make the guide rail provide sufficient reaction force surface to the driven car to prevent the derailment phenomenon of the driven car due to the deviation of the front wheel.
- the front wheel, the middle wheel and the rear wheel of the driven trolley are arranged on the driven carriage through the self-aligning bearing.
- the self-aligning bearing on the driven trolley roller can adjust the roller of the driven trolley according to the yaw direction to ensure that the roller always has a line contact with the guide rail during the traveling of the driven trolley, and when the driven trolley is yawed, Due to the presence of the self-aligning bearing, the roller of the driven carriage can be automatically adjusted to prevent wear between the roller and the guide rail of the driven carriage and prolong the life of the driven carriage.
- the anti-rolling tool for fixing the object to be transported is also arranged on the driven trolley, which improves the stability during the transportation of the driven trolley.
- FIG. 1 is a structural diagram showing the working principle of a grounding mobile device
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a mounting structure of a trolley roller in the prior art
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a pushing mobile device in the prior art.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the active trolley of the ground moving device according to the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the driven trolley of the ground moving device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a wheel working state of a driven carriage of a ground moving device in an eccentric state according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 shows a ground pushing mobile device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a structural diagram showing the working principle of a grounding mobile device
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a mounting structure of a trolley roller in the prior art
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a pushing mobile device in the prior art.
- FIG. 4 is
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the driven carriage of the ground moving device in an eccentric working state when it is not aligned according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram according to the present invention.
- the direction of the arrow in the figure refers to the direction of movement of the trolley.
- the profiled object to be transported refers to a large object such as a pump arm frame structure that cannot be placed at the center of the driven car and the active car at the same time.
- the push-and-pull moving device according to the present invention is not limited to transporting the shaped object to be transported, but can also be used for articles having a regular shape and the like which can be transported by other conventional push moving devices.
- the ground pushing device includes a guide rail 30 on which the active cart 10 and the driven cart 20 are disposed, and the active cart 10 is located in front of the moving direction, and is driven.
- the cart 20 is located behind the active cart 10, and the distance between the active cart 10 and the driven cart 20 is determined according to the structure and length of the object to be transported, so that the object to be transported has a better supporting structure.
- the active cart 10 includes an active cart front wheel 11 and an active cart rear wheel 12, wherein the active cart front wheel 11 is disposed on the active cart 10 through a deep groove ball bearing or other radial bearing, and the active cart rear wheel 12 is set by a self-aligning bearing On the active car 10.
- the driven cart 20 includes a driven cart front wheel 21 and a driven cart rear wheel 22.
- At least one pair of driven cart intermediate wheels are disposed between the driven cart front wheel 21 and the driven cart rear wheel 22, and the driven cart center wheel is disposed adjacent to the driven cart front wheel 21 or the driven cart rear wheel 22. Since the driven cart front wheel 21 is located at the front end, when the driven cart 20 swings due to the imbalance of the center of gravity, the driven cart front wheel 21 is first affected and yaw occurs, when the driven cart front wheel 21 is yawed. When the derailment occurs, since the driven cart middle wheel and the driven cart rear wheel 22 are still in contact with the guide rails, the driven small wheel wheels on both sides are still in line contact with the guide rails, and the driven carriage 20 is still effective.
- the limit action can provide sufficient reaction force surface to prevent the driven trolley 20 from slipping out of the guide rail, ensuring the safe operation of the driven trolley and avoiding the occurrence of a safety accident.
- the driven cart front wheel 21 and the driven cart rear wheel 22 are disposed on the driven cart 20 via a self-aligning bearing.
- the driven trolley roller is disposed on the driven carriage 20 through the self-aligning bearing.
- the self-aligning bearing can timely perform the roller Adjusting, driving the end surface of the roller and the guide rail to change from the point contact caused by the yaw motion to the line contact during normal running, so that the roller and the guide rail prevent the matching end surface of the roller from being coplanar with the guide rail.
- the self-aligning bearing is a self-aligning ball bearing and/or a spherical roller bearing.
- the driven carriage 20 adopts the driven carriage front wheel 21 and the driven carriage rear wheel 22 supported by the aligning bearing, so that the driven carriage 20 can also travel on the guide rail 30, once eccentricity occurs due to an error or the like ,
- the self-adjustment can be performed quickly, and the self-centering can be realized, so that the roller of the driven carriage 20 and the guide rail 30 are always automatically adjusted to the line contact direction, thereby preventing the roller of the driven carriage roller from being uneven due to uneven force. Serious wear problems between the rails.
- the guide rail 30 can also maintain a large reaction force acting surface on the roller of the driven carriage 20, thereby avoiding the problem of derailment caused by the guide rail losing the guiding action of the driven carriage 20.
- the deep groove ball bearing supports the front wheel 11 of the active car, so that the active car can maintain a smooth motion state at the start, and plays a good guiding role, while the self-aligning bearing is used to support the active car rear wheel 12, taking into account the active car 10
- the self-aligning bearing is used to support the active car rear wheel 12, taking into account the active car 10
- the self-aligning bearing can effectively improve the problems caused by these small errors, realize the automatic centering of the active trolley 10, and ensure that the end faces of the active trolley rear wheel 12 and the active trolley front wheel 11 and the guide rail 30 are always in line contact, preventing the active trolley 10 from being in contact with each other. Stabilize, reduce the probability of the eccentricity of the driven cart 20, and reduce the serious wear of the roller caused by the eccentricity of the driven cart 20.
- the driven carriage 20 when the trolley is in the process of traveling, the driven carriage 20 is eccentric, the wheel axle of the driven carriage rear wheel 22 is deflected from the guide rail 30, and the angle between the wheel axle and the guide rail 30 is 89°. Although the skew angle is small, it still adversely affects the stable operation of the driven cart 20.
- the rear wheel 22 of the driven carriage that cooperates with the driven carriage 20 through the aligning bearing is matched.
- the end face can be automatically adjusted relative to the guide rail 30 such that the mating end face of the driven cart rear wheel 22 and the guide rail 30 are always switched in the direction in which the line is in contact. Therefore, the driven carriage 20 can still maintain stable operation, effectively reducing the wear between the rear wheel 22 of the driven carriage and the guide rail 30, prolonging the service life of the roller of the driven carriage 20, and ensuring the safe operation of the driven carriage 20.
- the driven cart 20 further includes a first driven cart intermediate wheel 23 disposed between the driven cart front wheel 21 and the driven cart rear wheel 22, the first driven cart center wheel 23 being close to the driven cart front wheel 21 is provided, the end surface of which is flush with the end surface of the rear wheel 22 of the driven carriage, and is disposed on the driven carriage 20 by a self-aligning bearing (self-aligning ball bearing or spherical roller bearing).
- a self-aligning bearing self-aligning ball bearing or spherical roller bearing
- the first driven cart center wheel 23 should be placed as close as possible to the driven cart front wheel 21, so that the span of the first driven cart intermediate wheel 23 and the driven cart rear wheel 22 is maximized, so that the "L" distance (ie, medium The effective contact distance between the end face of the rear wheel and the track is as long as possible to ensure a smoother car.
- the mating end surface 211 of the driven cart front wheel 21 is offset from the mating end surface 231 of the first driven cart intermediate wheel 23 by a predetermined distance in a direction away from the guide rail 30 (ie, a direction toward the longitudinal midplane of the driven carriage 21).
- the predetermined distance of the section is determined according to actual operation conditions, so that the front wheel 21 of the driven carriage mainly serves as a guiding function, and can play the roller of the driven carriage 20 when the middle wheel and the rear wheel of the driven carriage 20 are eccentric.
- the rails 30 change rapidly into a line contact.
- the predetermined distance is from 3 mm to 4 mm.
- the middle wheel 23 of the driven cart 20 can also be close to the rear wheel of the driven cart. 22 is set, but it is more convenient to ensure that the center of gravity is located between the front and rear wheels, so that the driven car is tilted back and forth.
- the presence of the first driven cart middle wheel 23 causes the driven cart front wheel 21 to mainly serve as a guide, and the first driven cart center wheel 23 mainly functions to cooperate with the driven cart rear wheel 22.
- This arrangement liberates the front wheel 21 of the moving carriage from the alignment guide and the line contact adjustment with the guide rail, and the centering action of the first driven carriage middle wheel 23 and the driven carriage rear wheel 22 makes the slave
- the line contact between the moving carriage and the guide rail is always maintained, and after the derailment of the driven cart front wheel 21 due to the swing during the guiding process, the driven cart rear wheel 22 derails the driven cart 20 due to the point contact with the guide rail.
- the retaining end face of the driven vehicle front wheel 21 and the guide rail are kept at a distance of 3 mm or other predetermined distance, and only serve as an effective guiding function.
- the entire driven cart 20 is in an eccentric state and forms an angle with respect to the guide rail 30.
- the function of the front, middle and rear wheels of the driven trolley is in an eccentric state, and the matching end face forms a certain angle with the guide rail 30.
- the wheels of each group of the driven carriage 20 start to adjust the traveling state, and during the adjustment process, the adjustment speed of each wheel set of the driven carriage 20 is different, so that it is formed.
- the adjustment state shown in FIG. 9 is that the left side of the driven cart 20 is in contact with the track point of the front middle wheel end, and the right rear wheel end face is in contact with the track point; the adjustment contact of the self-aligning bearing, the point contact roller Corrected, the end face is parallel to the track, forming two line contact faces of Hl and H2, ensuring that the roller and the track are in line contact, realizing the smooth movement of the trolley.
- HI is the length of the line contact surface on the left side of the driven cart 20
- H2 is the length of the line contact surface on the right side of the driven cart 20. Due to the participation of the front wheel 21 of the driven cart, the driven cart 20 can automatically self-align the car, and the self-adjustment of the driven cart 20 itself during eccentricity is realized, thereby effectively improving the adjustment efficiency.
- the shaped object to be transported is fixed at the installation position of the active cart 10, and the installation adjustment of the shaped object to be transported is mainly placed on the driven cart 20, so that the driven cart 20 can be widened to be wider than the active
- the width of the trolley 10 increases the adjustment space on the driven carriage 20, so that the shaped object to be transported has a better positioning position on the driven carriage 20, but no matter how the slave carriage 20 is adjusted, it should be ensured.
- the position of the center of gravity of the shaped object to be transported falls between the front and rear wheels of the driven carriage 20, and cannot fall outside the roller to prevent the driven carriage 20 from tilting back and forth.
- the driven carriage 20 is further provided with an anti-rolling tool 40 for fixing the belt to transport the articles.
- the anti-overturning tool 40 includes a first support frame 41 disposed laterally between the driven cart front wheel 21 and the driven cart rear wheel 22 in a direction perpendicular to the guiding direction of the guide rail 30, and a positioning platen 42 is disposed on the first supporting frame 41, The positioning platen 42 is fixedly disposed on the first supporting frame 41 by the screw after pressing the shaped object to be conveyed, thereby forming a stable positioning of the shaped object to be transported, and preventing the moving object to be transported from moving during the conveying process to bring the driven trolley 20 to travel. Adverse effects such as eccentricity.
- the large-profile shaped parts such as the boom assembly, due to the irregular structure, have at least two points on the tooling support point on the driven carriage 20, that is, the force point on the driven carriage 20 is two points
- the anti-overturning tool 40 further includes a second support frame 43 disposed parallel to the first support frame 41, and the second support frame 43 is located at the driven carriage front wheel 21 and the driven frame Between the rear wheel 22 of the trolley, together with the first support frame 41, the two force points of the large-shaped shaped piece are supported to ensure that the two points of force completely fall into the middle of the front and rear rollers, thereby avoiding the front and rear tilting of the trolley.
- the positioning platen 42 is laterally slidably disposed on the first support frame 41.
- the first support frame 41 is provided with a sliding slot, and the positioning pressing plate 42 slides along the sliding slot of the first supporting frame 41, and is shaped according to the large part.
- the position of the force receiving point of the piece determines the positioning position of the positioning platen 42, and the positioning effect of the positioning platen 42 is ensured, so that the anti-flip tooling 40 can meet the positioning requirements of a large number of different shaped parts of different structures.
- the second support frame 43 can be along the edge in order to enable the support frame to meet the transportation needs of a large-sized shaped piece of a plurality of different center-of-gravity positions.
- the sliding direction of the guide rail is moved to adjust the supporting position of the second supporting frame 43 according to the structure and the center of gravity of the large-shaped shaped piece, so that the support for the large-shaped shaped piece is more stable.
- the moving distance of the second support frame 43 needs to be limited, and it is necessary to ensure that the two stress points completely fall into the middle of the front and rear rollers.
- the ground pushing mobile device includes an active trolley and a driven trolley, and the driven trolley includes a driven trolley disposed thereon by a self-aligning bearing.
- the wheel and the rear wheel and the driven cart middle wheel disposed between the front and rear wheels of the driven cart.
- the driven car When starting to transport the object to be transported, once the driven car is eccentric due to the center of gravity not being in its center position, the yaw is caused between the driven car roller and the guide rail, and the driven car front wheel is off the guide rail, due to the driven car middle wheel And the existence of the rear wheel of the driven car, so the line contact between the driven car and the guide rail can still make the guide rail provide sufficient reaction force surface to the driven car to prevent the derailment phenomenon of the driven car due to the deviation of the front wheel.
- the front wheel, the middle wheel and the rear wheel of the driven trolley are arranged on the driven carriage through the self-aligning bearing.
- the aligning bearing on the driven trolley roller can adjust the roller of the driven trolley according to the yaw direction to ensure that the roller always has line contact with the guide rail during the traveling of the driven trolley.
- the anti-rolling tool for fixing the object to be transported is also arranged on the driven trolley, which improves the stability during the transportation of the driven trolley.
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Abstract
一种地推移动装置,包括:导轨(30);主动小车(10),设置在导轨(30)上;以及从动小车(20),设置在导轨(30)上,并位于主动小车(10)的后方,在从动小车(10)的前轮(21)和后轮(22)之间设置有至少一对从动小车中轮,该从动小车中轮靠近从动小车前轮(21)或者后轮(22)。根据本发明的地推移动装置,能够防止从动小车由于重心不稳发生偏心而造成的滚轮与导轨之间发生偏离的现象,使从动小车与导轨之间保持线接触,避免了从动小车脱轨,极大地提高了地推移动装置的稳定性和安全性。
Description
地推移动装置 技术领域 本发明涉及工业用流水线装配装备, 具体而言, 涉及一种地推移动装置。 背景技术 如图 1和图 2所示, 地推线 30'上一般采用两台小车 (即一台主动小车 10'、 一台 从动小车 20' ) 来支撑待运输物件 40', 以实现待运输物件 40'自动移动, 提高生产效 率。 现有主动小车 10'、 从动小车 20'均采用单边两轮结构, 滚轮 1Γ采用两个深沟球 轴承支撑。 结合参见图 3所示,现有地推小车用于非异形(待运输物件 40'重心均可放置在主 动小车 10'、 从动小车 20'的中心位置) 较轻物件是适用的。 但是对于泵车臂架结构件 来说,一方面泵车臂架结构件是属于大件异形(待运输物件 40'的前后重心不能同时放 置在主动小车 10'、 从动小车 20'的中心位置) 类, 另一方面臂架总成也是单边异形组 合体, 也就是说, 不管怎样调整均无法将臂架总成前后安装的重心 G1'和 G2'固定在 主动小车 10'、 从动小车 20'的中心位置。 因此, 对于臂架总成等大件异形部件而言, 由于其自身重力分布不均, 因此导致 其在从动小车上的重心不能处于从动小车的中心位置上, 从动小车受力不平衡。 在运 送过程中, 由于大件异形部件的重心不在从动小车中心位置, 从动小车很容易偏心行 进, 使滚轮与导轨之间磨损严重, 最终导致滚轮轴承失效, 无法正常支撑滚轮, 加之 偏心的从动小车前轮与导轨成点接触, 导轨对滚轮的反力作用面积小, 导致滚轮易失 效, 容易造成从动小车脱轨, 使待运输物件及小车损坏, 甚至还会造成操作人员伤亡 等严重安全事故。 发明内容 本发明旨在提供一种地推移动装置, 能够防止载物的从动小车由于重心偏心而造 成的从动小车脱轨问题, 使从动小车与导轨之间保持线接触, 极大地提高了地推移动 装置的稳定性和安全性。 为了实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种地推移动装置, 包括: 导轨; 主动小车, 设置在导轨上; 以及从动小车, 设置在导轨上, 并位于主动小车的
后方, 从动小车包括从动小车前轮和从动小车后轮, 在主动小车与从动小车之间设置 有至少一对从动小车中轮, 从动小车中轮靠近从动小车前轮或者从动小车后轮。 进一步地, 从动小车前轮和从动小车后轮通过调心轴承设置在从动小车上。 进一步地, 主动小车后轮通过调心轴承设置在主动小车上。 进一步地, 从动小车还包括设置在从动小车前轮和从动小车后轮之间, 并靠近从 动小车前轮的第一从动小车中轮,第一从动小车中轮通过调心轴承设置在从动小车上。 进一步地, 从动小车前轮的配合端面沿朝向从动小车的纵向中平面的方向远离第 一从动小车中轮的配合端面一段预定距离。 进一步地, 从动小车前轮的配合端面沿朝向从动小车的纵向中平面的方向远离第 一从动小车中轮的配合端面 3mm至 4mm。 进—步地, 调心轴承为调心球轴承和 /或调心滚子轴承。 进—步地, 从动小车宽于主动小车。 进—步地, 从动小车上还设置有固定待输送物件的防翻转工装。 进—步地, 防翻转工装包括横向设置在从动小车前轮和从动小车后轮之间的第 支撑架以及设置在第一支撑架上的定位压板, 定位压板压住待输送物件后通过螺栓固 定在第一支撑架上。 进一步地, 定位压板横向可滑动地设置在第一支撑架上。 进一步地, 防翻转工装还包括平行于第一支撑架设置并位于从动小车前轮和从动 小车后轮之间的第二支撑架。 根据本发明的技术方案, 地推移动装置包括主动小车和从动小车, 从动小车包括 通过调心轴承设置其上的从动小车前轮和后轮以及设置在从动小车前轮和后轮之间的 从动小车中轮。 当开始运送待输送物件时, 一旦从动小车由于重心不在其中心位置而 发生偏心, 致使从动小车滚轮与导轨之间发生偏摆, 从动小车前轮偏离导轨时, 由于 从动小车中轮和从动小车后轮的存在, 因此从动小车与导轨之间仍然为线接触, 能够 使导轨对从动小车提供足够的反力作用面, 防止从动小车由于前轮偏离而发生脱轨现 象。
另外, 从动小车的前轮、 中轮和后轮通过调心轴承设置在从动小车上。 从动小车 滚轮上的调心轴承可以根据偏摆方向对从动小车的滚轮作出调整, 保证从动小车行进 过程中滚轮始终与导轨之间具有线接触的趋势, 从动小车发生偏摆时, 由于调心轴承 的存在, 能够自动对从动小车的滚轮进行调整, 防止从动小车的滚轮与导轨之间发生 磨损, 延长从动小车的寿命。 在从动小车上还设置有固定待输送物件的防翻转工装, 提高了从动小车运输过程中的稳定性。 附图说明 构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 本发明的示意性实 施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中: 图 1示出了地推移动装置的工作原理结构图; 图 2示出了现有技术中的小车滚轮安装结构示意图; 图 3示出了现有技术中的地推移动装置运送异形物件时的结构示意图; 图 4示出了根据本发明的实施例的地推移动装置的主动小车结构示意图; 图 5示出了根据本发明的实施例的地推移动装置的从动小车结构示意图; 图 6示出了根据本发明的实施例的地推移动装置的从动小车在处于偏心状态时的 车轮工作状态示意图; 图 7示出了根据本发明的实施例的地推移动装置的从动小车在处于理想工作状态 时的结构示意图; 图 8示出了根据本发明的实施例的地推移动装置的从动小车在处于偏心工作状态 未调心时的结构示意图; 图 9示出了根据本发明的实施例的地推移动装置的从动小车在处于偏心工作状态 时调心后的结构示意图; 以及 图 10 示出了根据本发明的实施例的地推移动装置的从动小车及设置在其上的防 翻转工装结构示意图。
具体实施方式 下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的 情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。 图中箭头方向指小车的移动方向。 异形待输送物件指泵车臂架结构件之类的前后重心不能够同时放置在从动小车和 主动小车的中心位置的大件物件。 根据本发明的地推移动装置, 并不局限于运送异形 待输送物件, 也可以用于具有规则形状的物件等其它常规的地推移动装置可以运送的 物件。 如图 4至图 10所示, 根据本发明的实施例, 地推移动装置包括导轨 30, 在导轨 30上设置有主动小车 10和从动小车 20, 主动小车 10位于运动方向的前方, 从动小车 20位于主动小车 10后方, 主动小车 10和从动小车 20之间的距离根据待输送物件的 结构和长度而定, 以使待输送物件具有较好的支撑结构。主动小车 10包括有主动小车 前轮 11和主动小车后轮 12, 其中主动小车前轮 11通过深沟球轴承或者其它向心轴承 设置在主动小车 10上, 主动小车后轮 12通过调心轴承设置在主动小车 10上。从动小 车 20包括从动小车前轮 21和从动小车后轮 22。 在从动小车前轮 21和从动小车后轮 22之间设置有至少一对从动小车中轮, 从动小车中轮靠近从动小车前轮 21或者从动 小车后轮 22设置。 由于从动小车前轮 21位于前端, 当从动小车 20由于重心失衡而发 生摆动时, 从动小车前轮 21最先受到影响, 并发生偏摆, 当从动小车前轮 21由于偏 摆而发生脱轨时, 由于从动小车中轮与从动小车后轮 22仍然与导轨保持接触, 因此, 两侧的从动小车轮子仍然与导轨之间为线接触,对从动小车 20仍然起到有效的限位作 用, 能够提供足够的反力作用面, 防止从动小车 20从导轨上滑出, 保证了从动小车的 安全运行, 避免了安全事故的发生。 从动小车前轮 21和从动小车后轮 22通过调心轴承设置在从动小车 20上。从动小 车滚轮通过调心轴承设置在从动小车 20上, 在从动小车 20由于设置其上的异形待输 送物件的重心不在其中心位置而发生偏摆时, 调心轴承能够及时对滚轮进行调整, 驱 使滚轮的端面与导轨之间从由于偏摆运动而发生的点接触向正常行驶中的线接触转 换, 使滚轮与导轨之间防止滚轮的配合端面与导轨不共面所造成的滚轮与导轨之间严 重磨损的问题, 提高从动小车的运行稳定性和安全性。 在本实施例中, 调心轴承为调 心球轴承和 /或调心滚子轴承。 从动小车 20采用通过调心轴承进行支撑的从动小车前轮 21和从动小车后轮 22, 使得从动小车 20也可以在导轨 30上行进的过程中,一旦由于误差等原因发生偏心时,
能够快速的进行自我调整, 实现自动对心, 起到使从动小车 20的滚轮与导轨 30之间 始终自动向线接触方向调整的作用, 防止从动小车滚轮由于受力不均引起的滚轮与导 轨之间磨损严重问题。 此外, 也能够使导轨 30对从动小车 20的滚轮保持较大的反力 作用面, 避免导轨对从动小车 20失去导向作用所造成的脱轨问题。 深沟球轴承来支撑主动小车前轮 11, 使得主动小车在起步时能够保持平稳的运动 状态, 起到良好的引导作用, 而采用调心轴承来支撑主动小车后轮 12, 则考虑到主动 小车 10在制作或者安装时会有一些小误差, 而这些误差会在主动小车 10起步后导致 主动小车后轮 12与主动小车前轮 11不共面, 造成起步不稳, 进而对后方的从动小车 20产生不利影响。 通过调心轴承可以有效改善由于这些小误差造成的问题, 实现主动 小车 10自动对心, 保证主动小车后轮 12与主动小车前轮 11的端面与导轨 30始终为 线接触, 防止主动小车 10不稳, 降低从动小车 20出现偏心现象的几率, 减少由于从 动小车 20偏心带来的滚轮严重磨损的问题。 结合参见图 6, 当小车在行进的过程中, 从动小车 20出现偏心现象, 从动小车后 轮 22的车轮轴与导轨 30之间发生偏斜, 车轮轴与导轨 30的夹角为 89°, 虽然偏斜角 度很小, 但仍然会对从动小车 20的稳定运行造成不利影响。此时, 在调心轴承的自动 对心作用下, 虽然车轮轴仍然与导轨 30之间存在着偏斜角度,但是通过调心轴承与从 动小车 20配合的从动小车后轮 22, 其配合端面相对于导轨 30能够实现自动调整, 使 得从动小车后轮 22的配合端面与导轨 30之间始终向着保持线接触的方向转换。因此, 从动小车 20仍然能够保持稳定运行,有效降低了从动小车后轮 22与导轨 30之间的磨 损, 延长了从动小车 20的滚轮的使用寿命, 保证了从动小车 20的安全运行。 优选地,从动小车 20还包括设置在从动小车前轮 21和从动小车后轮 22之间的第 一从动小车中轮 23, 第一从动小车中轮 23靠近从动小车前轮 21设置, 其端面与从动 小车后轮 22的端面齐平, 并通过调心轴承(调心球轴承或调心滚子轴承)设置在从动 小车 20上。第一从动小车中轮 23应该尽可能的靠近从动小车前轮 21设置, 使第一从 动小车中轮 23与从动小车后轮 22的跨距最大, 使得" L"距离(即中、后轮端面与轨道 形成的线接触有效距离)尽量长, 保证小车更加平稳。 在这里, 从动小车前轮 21的配 合端面 211沿远离导轨 30的方向 (即朝向从动小车 21的纵向中平面的方向) 偏离第 一从动小车中轮 23的配合端面 231—段预定距离,该段预定距离根据实际操作情况而 定, 使得从动小车前轮 21主要起导向作用, 并能够在从动小车 20的中轮和后轮偏心 时, 起到使从动小车 20的滚轮与导轨 30之间快速地变化为线接触的作用。 优选地, 预定距离为 3mm至 4mm。 实际上, 从动小车 20的中轮 23还可以靠近从动小车后轮
22设置, 但是将其靠近前轮设置更加有利于保证其重心位于前后轮之间的位置, 从而 防止从动小车前后倾斜。 第一从动小车中轮 23的存在, 使得从动小车前轮 21主要起导向作用, 而第一从 动小车中轮 23主要起到与从动小车后轮 22配合的作用。 这种设置方式将从动小车前 轮 21从兼顾导向和与导轨之间的线接触调整中解放出来, 通过第一从动小车中轮 23 和从动小车后轮 22的调心作用, 使从动小车与导轨之间始终保持线接触, 防止从动小 车前轮 21在导向过程中由于摆动而发生脱轨后, 从动小车后轮 22由于与导轨之间为 点接触而造成从动小车 20脱轨, 而不能够很灵活的对从动小车的偏心运动进行调整, 进一步提高了从动小车的调整适应能力, 有效防止了从动小车的脱轨问题。 从动小车 20的前轮和后轮之间还可以设置更多组的中轮,更进一步的提高从动小 车 20的车轮对导轨的反力作用, 防止从动小车 20的脱轨问题的发生。 结合参见图 7, 处于正常工作状态中的从动小车 20,其从动小车后轮 22和第一从 动小车中轮 23与导轨 30之间形成线接触,保证了从动小车 20的稳定运行, 从动小车 前轮 21的配合端面与导轨之间保持 3mm或者其它预定的距离, 仅仅起到有效的导向 作用。 结合参见图 8、 图 9所示, 此时由于异形待运输物件的重心不在从动小车中心位 置, 整个从动小车 20处于偏心状态, 并相对导轨 30形成夹角, 在运行过程中, 由于 偏心的作用, 从动小车的前、 中、 后三组车轮均处于偏心状态中, 配合端面与导轨 30 形成一定夹角。在调心轴承的自动对心作用下, 从动小车 20的各组车轮开始对行进状 态进行调整, 在调整过程中, 随着从动小车 20的各个车轮组的调整速度的不同, 使得 其形成如图 9所示的调整状态, 即从动小车 20的左侧为前中轮端面同轨道点接触,右 侧为中后轮端面同轨道点接触; 通过调心轴承的调节作用, 点接触滚轮得到校正, 端 面同轨道平行, 形成 Hl、 H2两段线接触面, 保证滚轮与轨道为线接触, 实现了小车 的平稳移动。 其中 HI为从动小车 20左侧的线接触面长度, H2为从动小车 20右侧的 线接触面长度。 由于从动小车前轮 21的参与, 使得从动小车 20能够更加快速的自动 对心, 实现从动小车 20自身在偏心时的自我调整, 有效地提高了调整效率。 在一般情况下,异形待输送物件在主动小车 10的安装位置固定,异形待输送物件 的安装调整主要放在从动小车 20上, 因此, 可以加宽从动小车 20, 使其具有宽于主 动小车 10的宽度, 从而加大从动小车 20上的调节空间, 使异形待输送物件在从动小 车 20上具有较好的放置定位位置, 但不管对从动小车 20怎样进行调整, 均应该保证
异形待输送物件的重心位置落在从动小车 20的前后轮之间, 而不能落在滚轮外侧, 以 避免从动小车 20前后倾斜。 优选地, 在本实施例中, 从动小车 20 上还设置有固定带输送物件的防翻转工装 40。防翻转工装 40包括沿垂直于导轨 30导向方向横向设置在从动小车前轮 21和从动 小车后轮 22之间的第一支撑架 41,在第一支撑架 41上设置有定位压板 42, 定位压板 42在压住异形待输送物件后通过螺杆固定设置在第一支撑架 41上, 形成对异形待输 送物件的稳定定位,防止异形待输送物件在输送过程中移动对从动小车 20行进带来偏 心等不利影响。 一般而言, 臂架总成等大件异形件, 由于结构不规则, 在从动小车 20上的工装支 撑点至少有两点, 也就是从动小车 20上的受力点为两点, 因此, 为了对大件异形件等 形成良好稳定的支撑, 防翻转工装 40还包括平行于第一支撑架 41设置的第二支撑架 43, 第二支撑架 43位于从动小车前轮 21和从动小车后轮 22之间, 与第一支撑架 41 一起,对大件异形件的两个受力点进行支撑,保证两处受力点完全落入前后滚轮中间, 避免了小车前后倾斜。 优选地, 定位压板 42横向可滑动地设置在第一支撑架 41 上, 在第一支撑架 41 上设置有滑槽, 定位压板 42沿第一支撑架 41的滑槽滑动, 并根据大件异形件的受力 点位置来确定定位压板 42的定位位置, 保证定位压板 42的定位效果, 使防翻转工装 40可以满足多种不同结构的大件异形件的定位需要。 实际上, 由于不同大件异形件的 重心的前后位置并不相同, 因此, 为了使支撑架能够满足多种不同重心位置的大件异 形件的运输需要,可以使第二支撑架 43能够沿沿导轨滑动方向移动, 以便根据大件异 形件的结构和重心对第二支撑架 43的支撑位置进行调整,使其对大件异形件的支撑更 加稳定。但第二支撑架 43的移动距离需要受到限制, 要满足保证两处受力点完全落入 前后滚轮中间。 从以上的描述中, 可以看出, 本发明上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果: 地推移 动装置包括主动小车和从动小车, 从动小车包括通过调心轴承设置其上的从动小车前 轮和后轮以及设置在从动小车前轮和后轮之间的从动小车中轮。 当开始运送待输送物 件时, 一旦从动小车由于重心不在其中心位置而发生偏心, 致使从动小车滚轮与导轨 之间发生偏摆, 从动小车前轮偏离导轨时, 由于从动小车中轮和从动小车后轮的存在, 因此从动小车与导轨之间仍然为线接触, 能够使导轨对从动小车提供足够的反力作用 面, 防止从动小车由于前轮偏离而发生脱轨现象。 另外, 从动小车的前轮、 中轮和后 轮通过调心轴承设置在从动小车上。 从动小车滚轮上的调心轴承可以根据偏摆方向对 从动小车的滚轮作出调整, 保证从动小车行进过程中滚轮始终与导轨之间具有线接触
的趋势, 从动小车发生偏摆时, 由于调心轴承的存在, 能够自动对从动小车的滚轮进 行调整, 防止从动小车的滚轮与导轨之间发生磨损, 延长从动小车的寿命。 在从动小 车上还设置有固定待输送物件的防翻转工装, 提高了从动小车运输过程中的稳定性。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的技 术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的 任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1. 一种地推移动装置, 包括:
主动小车 (10), 设置在导轨 (30) 上;
从动小车(20), 设置在所述导轨(30)上, 并位于所述主动小车(10) 的 后方, 所述从动小车包括从动小车前轮 (21 ) 和从动小车后轮 (22),
其特征在于,
在所述主动小车 (10) 与所述从动小车 (20) 之间设置有至少一对从动小 车中轮, 所述从动小车中轮靠近所述从动小车前轮 (21 ) 或者所述从动小车后 轮 (22)。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述从动小车前轮 (21 ) 和所述从动小车后轮 (22) 通过调心轴承设置在所述从动小车 (20) 上。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述主动小车 (10) 包括 通过调心轴承设置其上的主动小车后轮 (12)。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述从动小车 (20) 包括 设置在所述从动小车前轮 (21 ) 和所述从动小车后轮 (22) 之间, 并靠近所述 从动小车前轮 (21 ) 的第一从动小车中轮 (23 ), 所述第一从动小车中轮 (23 ) 通过调心轴承设置在所述从动小车 (20) 上。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述从动小车前轮 (21 ) 的配合端面(211 )沿朝向所述从动小车(20)的纵向中平面的方向远离所述第 一从动小车中轮 (23 ) 的配合端面 (231 ) —段预定距离。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述从动小车前轮 (21 ) 的配合端面(211 )沿朝向所述从动小车(20)的纵向中平面的方向远离所述第 一从动小车中轮 (23 ) 的配合端面 (231 ) 3mm至 4mm。
7. 根据权利要求 2至 6中任一项所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述调心轴 承为调心球轴承和 /或调心滚子轴承。
8. 根据权利要求 1至 6中任一项所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述从动小 车 (20) 宽于所述主动小车 (10)。
9. 根据权利要求 2至 6中任一项所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述从动小 车 (20) 上还设置有固定待输送物件的防翻转工装 (40)。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述防翻转工装 (40) 包 括横向设置在所述从动小车前轮 (21 ) 和所述从动小车后轮 (22) 之间的第一 支撑架(41 ) 以及设置在所述第一支撑架(41 )上的定位压板(42), 所述定位 压板 (42) 压住所述待输送物件后通过螺栓固定在所述第一支撑架 (41 ) 上。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述定位压板(42)横向 可滑动地设置在所述第一支撑架 (41 ) 上。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的地推移动装置, 其特征在于, 所述防翻转工装(40)还 包括平行于所述第一支撑架 (41 ) 设置, 并位于所述从动小车前轮 (21 ) 和所 述从动小车后轮 (22) 之间的第二支撑架 (43 )。
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| CN 201110201000 CN102285523B (zh) | 2011-07-18 | 2011-07-18 | 地推移动装置 |
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