WO2012157577A1 - 能動型消音装置 - Google Patents
能動型消音装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012157577A1 WO2012157577A1 PCT/JP2012/062200 JP2012062200W WO2012157577A1 WO 2012157577 A1 WO2012157577 A1 WO 2012157577A1 JP 2012062200 W JP2012062200 W JP 2012062200W WO 2012157577 A1 WO2012157577 A1 WO 2012157577A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vibration
- error signal
- signal detector
- knuckle
- floor panel
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/1005—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect characterised by active control of the mass
- F16F7/1011—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect characterised by active control of the mass by electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/128—Vehicles
- G10K2210/1282—Automobiles
- G10K2210/12821—Rolling noise; Wind and body noise
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/321—Physical
- G10K2210/3211—Active mounts for vibrating structures with means to actively suppress the vibration, e.g. for vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an active silencer that actively reduces road noise.
- the apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-210179 detects acceleration as a reference signal by an acceleration sensor attached to a suspension and a vehicle body, detects sound pressure in a vehicle interior as an error signal by a microphone, and is installed in the vehicle interior. Road noise is silenced by outputting a control sound (secondary sound) from the speaker.
- the resonance primary frequency of the floor panel is lower than the resonance primary frequency of other members constituting the vehicle.
- the resonance panel primary frequency may be included in the frequency band of the floor panel vibration caused by the road surface input vibration.
- the vibration near the resonance primary frequency of the floor panel becomes large, and the vibration of the higher order frequency is also generated.
- the frequency to be controlled includes a high frequency band (for example, several kHz or more)
- a high frequency band for example, several kHz or more
- an electronic circuit that generates higher performance of the vibrator, higher performance of various sensors, and generates a control signal to the vibrator High performance is required.
- the control responsiveness is inevitably lowered as compared with the low frequency band. Therefore, in the high frequency band, the silencing performance is also lowered.
- the vibrator since the vibration near the resonance primary frequency of the floor panel or the plate-like interior product becomes large, the vibrator needs to generate a vibration having an amplitude capable of suppressing the vibration. Therefore, the size of the vibrator is increased.
- a quiet zone (cancellation area) depending on the frequency.
- the quiet zone is a range that is 1 ⁇ 2 of the wavelength of the frequency, so that it is wide in the low frequency region and narrow in the high frequency region. For this reason, the noise canceling effect in the passenger compartment varies depending on the installation position of the speaker. That is, the position dependency of the speaker is high.
- control frequency is very wide, for example, 30 Hz to 20 kHz in order to control sound with a speaker
- a control circuit capable of performing high-speed computation is required, resulting in high cost.
- a speaker must be installed in the vehicle interior, and it cannot be said that installation is easy.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and does not install a vibration exciter on the floor panel itself or the plate-like interior product itself, but achieves cost reduction and miniaturization by other methods.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an active silencer capable of reliably reducing road noise.
- the active silencer according to the present means installs a vibration exciter on a member in the middle of a vibration transmission path from a wheel to a plate-like member such as a floor panel, thereby suppressing vibration of the member.
- a vibration exciter installed on a member in the middle of a vibration transmission path from a wheel to a plate-like member such as a floor panel, thereby suppressing vibration of the member.
- the active silencer according to the present means is an active silencer that actively reduces noise in the vehicle interior.
- the vibration input to the wheels from the road surface is transmitted to the plate-like member among the vehicle components, and the plate-like member vibrates to generate road noise in the vehicle interior.
- the active silencer is provided in a knuckle that supports the wheel in a vibration transmission path from the wheel to the plate-like member, and detects a vibration of the knuckle as a reference signal, and the vibration
- a tire house connected to the plate-like member in the transmission path to support the suspension device, or a suspension member connected to the plate-like member and constituting the suspension device, and added to the member on the plate-like member side.
- a vibration exciter for applying a vibration force, a vibration of the tire house or a vibration of the suspension member as an error signal, or an error signal detector for detecting a sound in a vehicle compartment as an error signal, the reference signal and A controller for controlling the vibrator so that the error signal is reduced based on the error signal;
- the vibration exciter is provided in the tire house or suspension member, not in the floor panel itself or the plate-like interior product itself. That is, by vibrating the tire house or the suspension member, the vibration of the member can be reduced, or the vibration of the member can be brought into a desired vibration state.
- the tire house or suspension member in which the vibration exciter is installed is extremely high in rigidity compared to a plate-like member such as a floor panel. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the installation member is very high compared to the resonant frequency of a plate-like member such as a floor panel. Therefore, in the tire house or suspension member, the frequency band of vibration caused by road surface input vibration is a frequency band sufficiently lower than the resonance frequency of the member. Therefore, the member does not amplify road surface input vibration due to the resonance. Furthermore, there is almost no influence on the amplitude of the higher-order frequency band of the member.
- the vibration of the tire house or suspension member can be reduced even if the control frequency is a relatively low frequency band. It can be sufficiently suppressed, or the vibration of the member can be sufficiently brought into a desired vibration state.
- the frequency to be controlled is a low frequency band, from the viewpoint of the control processing and the response of the vibrator, the vibration of the installation member of the vibrator can be suppressed with higher accuracy, or The vibration of the installation member can be brought into a desired vibration state.
- the vibrator, the various sensors, and the electronic circuit can be sufficiently handled even if they are not so high in performance. That is, the processing can be performed without shortening the sampling time of various sensors, the calculation processing speed of the electronic circuit may not be high, and the vibration of the vibrator does not resonate, so that vibration can be sufficiently suppressed with low amplitude. Therefore, the cost can be reduced and the size of the vibrator can be reduced.
- a suspension device is included in a member in the middle of a vibration transmission path from the wheel to a plate-like member such as a floor panel.
- the suspension device has a viscoelastic member.
- the reference signal detector is provided on the knuckle, and the vibrator is provided on the tire house or the suspension member. That is, the viscoelastic member is interposed between the member provided with the reference signal detector and the member provided with the vibrator. Therefore, the vibration of the member provided with the vibrator is accompanied by a time delay with respect to the vibration of the member provided with the reference signal. Therefore, the vibrator can be reliably controlled based on the reference signal, and the vibration of the member provided with the vibrator can be reliably controlled to a desired state.
- road noise is reduced by installing a vibration exciter on the tire house or suspension member and vibrating the part. Therefore, there is no problem in reducing road noise by generating a control sound (secondary sound) with a speaker. That is, since the sound is not muted by the control sound (secondary sound), the problem such as the dependency due to the installation position of the speaker does not occur. Moreover, since vibration is generated by the vibrator, the range of the control frequency of the vibrator is very narrow compared to the range of the control frequency of the speaker. Therefore, since the calculation speed of the control circuit can be reduced, the cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the vibrator is installed on the member of the vibration transmission path, the degree of freedom of installation is higher than that in the vehicle interior.
- the error signal detector detects the vibration of the tire house or the vibration of the suspension member as an error signal
- the vibration of the tire house or the suspension member can be reduced, and the vibration of the member in the vibration transmission path can be reduced. Vibration transmitted to the plate-like member located on the downstream side is reduced. As a result, road noise caused by vibration of a plate-like member such as a floor panel can be reduced.
- the vibration state of the tire house or suspension member is controlled by vibrating the vibrator so that the sound in the vehicle interior is reduced. .
- the vibration state of the tire house or suspension member is controlled by vibrating the vibrator so that the sound in the vehicle interior is reduced.
- the vehicle includes the knuckle that rotatably supports the wheel, a suspension arm coupled to the knuckle, a shock absorber coupled to the suspension arm, an upper support attached to the shock absorber,
- the tire house that is attached to the upper support and connected to the plate-like member, the reference signal detector is provided in the knuckle, and the vibration exciter and the error signal detector are the tire house. May be provided.
- the vibration transmission path is in the order of wheels, knuckle, suspension arm, shock absorber, upper support, tire house, and plate member.
- a reference signal detector is provided in the knuckle on the upstream side of the vibration transmission path, and a vibrator and an error signal detector are provided in the tire house on the downstream side. Therefore, the vibration of the tire house in the vibration transmission path can be reliably reduced, and the vibration transmitted from the tire house to the plate member can be surely reduced.
- the vibration exciter and the error signal detector may be provided in a position closer to the upper support than the plate member in the tire house.
- This part corresponds to a part having a particularly high resonance frequency in the tire house. Therefore, the above-described effect can be reliably achieved.
- the vehicle includes a knuckle that rotatably supports the wheel, a suspension arm coupled to the knuckle, a suspension arm coupled to the suspension arm, and a floor panel as the plate member via a member mount.
- the reference signal detector may be provided in the knuckle, and the vibration exciter and the error signal detector may be provided in the suspension member.
- the vibration transmission path is in the order of wheels, knuckle, suspension arm, suspension member, member mount, and floor panel.
- a reference signal detector is provided in the upstream knuckle of the vibration transmission path, and a vibration exciter and an error signal detector are provided in the downstream suspension member. Therefore, the vibration of the suspension member in the vibration transmission path can be reliably reduced, and the vibration transmitted from the suspension member to the floor panel can be reliably reduced.
- the plate-like member that is a generation source of road noise includes a floor panel, a windshield, a rear glass, and a door panel.
- the vehicle has a plurality of road noise sources. Further, when attention is paid to the floor panel, it behaves in a complicated manner, so that the floor panel itself can be regarded as having a plurality of sources of road noise.
- the error signal detector may be a microphone that detects sound in the passenger compartment as the error signal.
- vibrations input from the road surface are transmitted to the plate-like member via a plurality of vibration transmission paths, and the plate-like member is vibrated by the installation member being vibrated by the vibrator.
- a plurality of vibrations transmitted from the road surface and vibrations by the vibrator are combined.
- the controller controls the vibration exciter so as to reduce an error signal that is a sound in the vehicle interior. In other words, the controller controls the vibration exciter so as to reduce the vibration of the combined plate member.
- the vibration exciter does not reduce the vibration of the member itself where the vibration exciter is installed, but vibrates the member so that the road noise in the passenger compartment is reduced.
- the vibrator does not necessarily reduce the vibration of the member itself in which the vibrator is installed, and may increase the vibration of the member itself in some cases. Therefore, even when there are a plurality of vibration transmission paths, road noise in the passenger compartment can be reliably reduced.
- the reference signal detector may be provided in a common part of the plurality of vibration transmission paths. Thereby, it is possible to reliably detect a reference signal that affects a plurality of vibration transmission paths. Therefore, the error signal component caused by the reference signal can be reliably reduced.
- 1st embodiment It is a figure which shows the structure in a vehicle about an active silencer. In FIG. 1, it is a figure which shows the structure in the vibration transmission path
- 1st embodiment It is a figure which shows the time passage behavior of the amplitude of the microphone installed in the vehicle interior in the case of controlling the vibrator.
- 1st embodiment It is a figure which shows the time passage behavior of the amplitude of an acceleration sensor when not controlling a vibrator.
- 1st embodiment It is a figure which shows the time passage behavior of the amplitude of the microphone installed in the vehicle interior in the case where the vibrator is not controlled.
- 1st embodiment It is a figure which shows the amplitude of the acceleration sensor with respect to a frequency.
- 1st embodiment It is a figure which shows the amplitude of the microphone with respect to a frequency.
- 2nd embodiment It is a figure which shows the structure in the vibration transmission path from a wheel to a floor panel.
- 2nd embodiment It is a figure which shows the transmission path
- 3rd embodiment It is a figure which shows the structure in a vehicle about an active silencer.
- 3rd embodiment It is a figure which shows the transmission path
- 3rd embodiment It is a control block diagram for controlling a vibrator with a controller.
- An active silencer is applied to a vehicle such as an automobile and is a device for reducing road noise.
- the active silencer does not reduce road noise by generating control sound from a speaker in a vehicle interior.
- road noise is generated in the vehicle interior 70 when the floor panel 21 vibrates as a result of road surface vibration caused by traveling of the automobile being propagated from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21 via the suspension device 80. To do.
- the active silencer of the present embodiment does not directly reduce the vibration of the floor panel 21, but the vibration of a particularly rigid part in the middle of the path through which the vibration is transmitted from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21.
- the vibration of the floor panel 21 is reduced.
- the road noise is generated by vibration of the plate-like interior product 23 such as a windshield, a rear glass, and a door panel in addition to the vibration of the floor panel 21.
- the case using the floor panel 21 will be described in detail below.
- the active silencer detects the vertical vibration of the vehicle as a reference signal by a reference signal detector 62 made of an acceleration sensor attached to the knuckle 41, and an error signal detector made of an acceleration sensor attached to the tire house 22. 63, the vertical vibration of the vehicle as an error signal is detected, and the vibration exciter 61 attached to the tire house 22 is adaptively controlled so as to reduce the error signal.
- a reference signal detector 62 made of an acceleration sensor attached to the knuckle 41
- an error signal detector made of an acceleration sensor attached to the tire house 22.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 A connection mechanism from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the suspension device 80 is connected between the wheel 10 and the floor panel 21.
- an axle 30 is connected to the wheel 12 holding the tire 11 of the wheel 10.
- the axle 30 is rotated by transmitting a rotational driving force from a driving source to the axle 30 via a differential (not shown).
- the knuckle 41 supports the axle 30 in a rotatable manner. That is, the knuckle 41 moves along with the radial movement of the wheel 12 when the wheel 12 moves in the radial direction. That is, the knuckle 41 vibrates due to the vibration transmitted to the wheel 12 via the tire 11.
- the knuckle 41 is connected to a lower arm 44 and an upper arm 45 as suspension arms via bushes 42 and 43 made of a viscoelastic body.
- the lower arm 44 and the upper arm 45 are connected to a suspension member 48 via bushes 46 and 47 made of a viscoelastic body.
- a member mount 49 made of a viscoelastic body is attached between the suspension member 48 and the lower surface of the floor panel 21.
- the lower end of the shock absorber 51 is fixed to the lower arm 44.
- An upper support 52 made of a viscoelastic body is attached to the upper end of the shock absorber 51.
- the upper support 52 is connected to a tire house 22 (a member that accommodates the tire 11) of the vehicle body.
- the tire house 22 is connected to the floor panel 21.
- the vehicle body including the floor panel 21 and the tire house 22
- the suspension device 80 is a device including the knuckle 41, the lower arm 44, the upper arm 45, the suspension member 48, the member mount 49, the shock absorber 51, the upper support 52, and the bushes 42, 43, 46, and 47.
- the floor panel 21 is formed in a thin plate shape, and each member constituting the suspension device 80 has higher rigidity than the floor panel 21.
- the vicinity of the portion where the upper support 52 is attached is formed with higher rigidity than the floor panel 21. That is, the resonance frequency of the suspension device 80 as a whole, the resonance frequency of each member constituting the suspension device 80, and the resonance frequency in the vicinity of the attachment portion of the upper support 52 in the tire house 22 are compared with the resonance frequency of the floor panel 21. High frequency.
- a vibration exciter 61 is provided in the tire house 22.
- the vibration exciter 61 is provided in the tire house 22 at a position closer to the upper support 52 than the floor panel 21, specifically, in the vicinity of the attachment portion of the upper support 52 (high rigidity portion).
- the vibrator 61 includes an electromagnetic actuator such as a solenoid or a boil coil, for example, and actively generates a vibration force when supplied with a current. That is, the excitation force generated by the vibration exciter 61 vibrates the tire house 22 in which the vibration exciter 61 is installed. This excitation force is mainly a force in the vehicle vertical direction.
- a control signal for driving the vibrator 61 is generated by the controller 100 described later.
- the structure of the electromagnetic actuator used for the vibrator 61 is well-known, detailed description is abbreviate
- an acceleration sensor as a reference signal detector 62 is provided on the knuckle 41.
- the reference signal detector 62 detects the vibration of the knuckle 41 in the vehicle vertical direction.
- the tire house 22 is provided with an acceleration sensor as the error signal detector 63.
- the error signal detector 63 is provided in a portion of the tire house 22 that supports the suspension device 80, specifically, a portion of the tire house 22 to which the vibration exciter 61 is attached.
- the error signal detector 63 detects the vibration in the vehicle vertical direction of the mounting portion of the vibration exciter 61 in the tire house 22. That is, the error signal detector 63 detects a vibration obtained by combining the vibration transmitted from the wheel 10 and the vibration force generated by the vibration exciter 61.
- the road noise source to the vehicle interior 70 is the floor panel 21 (or the interior plate member 23). That is, the floor panel 21 (or the interior plate member 23) undergoes surface vibration, and road noise is generated in the vehicle interior 70.
- the vibration transmission path from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21 is as follows: the wheel 10 ⁇ the knuckle 41 ⁇ the bush 42 ⁇ the lower arm 44 ⁇ the shock absorber 51 ⁇ the upper support 52 ⁇ the tire house 22 ⁇ the floor panel 21. In order.
- the reference signal detector 62 is provided on the knuckle 41. That is, the reference signal detector 62 is provided on the wheel 10 side in the vibration transmission path from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21. Therefore, the reference signal detector 62 can detect vibration input from the road surface at an early stage.
- the error signal detector 63 is provided in a portion of the tire house 22 where the vibration exciter 61 is attached. That is, the error signal detector 63 is provided on the floor panel 21 side in the vibration transmission path from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21.
- a viscoelastic member is interposed between the knuckle 41 and the tire house 22. Therefore, the error signal detector 63 detects the vibration of the member that vibrates with a time delay with respect to the vibration of the knuckle 41.
- Control block diagram Next, a control block diagram of the vibrator 61 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the controller 100 that controls the exciter 61 applies adaptive control and reduces the error signal using the reference signal detected by the reference signal detector 62 and the error signal detected by the error signal detector 63. Control to cancel.
- the Filtered-X LMS algorithm is applied as an example of the application control algorithm.
- an LMS algorithm, an RLS algorithm, an FDA algorithm, a direct method LMS algorithm, a direct method RLS algorithm, and a direct method FDA algorithm can also be applied.
- the controller 100 includes a control signal generation unit 110, a transfer function estimation unit 120, and a filter update unit 130.
- the control signal generation unit 110 generates the control signal u k using the reference signal detected by the reference signal detector 62 and the adaptive filter C k updated by the filter update unit 130 described later.
- the control signal u k is expressed by the formula (1).
- the subscript k represents the sampling number (time step).
- the control signal u k is output to the vibrator 61 functions as a control signal for the vibrator 61. That is, the vibrator 61, the control signal exciting force corresponding to u k (hereinafter, also referred to as "control vibration") it generates.
- the control vibration generated by the vibrator 61 is transmitted to the error signal detector 63 via the transfer function G2. That is, the transfer function G2 is a transfer function from the vibrator 61 to the error signal detector 63.
- the transmission control vibration at this time is y k .
- the transfer function from the control signal generator 110 to the error signal detector 63 is G. Said relationship is represented by Formula (2).
- the vibration x k input to the wheel 10 is transmitted to the position of the error signal detector 63 via the transfer function W of the first path.
- the transmission vibration at this time is d k .
- the transfer function W of the first path is a transfer function of a path that is transmitted from the wheel 10 to the error signal detector 63 via the suspension device 80. This relationship is expressed by equation (3).
- Control signal generating unit 110 updates the adaptive filter C in the control signal generating unit 110 so as to reduce the error signal e k (canceled).
- the transfer function estimation unit 120 identifies the transfer function G in advance, and stores the identified transfer function estimated value Gh.
- the transfer function estimate Gh for example, the frequency of the reference signal r k detected by the reference signal detector 62, and stores the amplitude, as a value depending on the phase.
- ⁇ attached to the symbol is called a hat and means an estimated value.
- “ ⁇ ” is described as “h” in the text.
- the filter update unit 130 updates the adaptive filter C k based on the error signal e k detected by the error signal detector 63 and the transfer function estimation value Gh obtained by the transfer function estimation unit 120.
- the evaluation function J k is set as in Expression (5).
- An adaptive filter C k that minimizes the evaluation function J k is obtained .
- the gradient vector ⁇ k is set as in the first row of equation (6).
- the gradient vector ⁇ k is obtained by partial differentiation of the evaluation function J k with the adaptive filter C k . Then, the gradient vector ⁇ k is expressed as shown on the right side of the second row of Equation (6). Furthermore, from equation (4), the gradient vector ⁇ k is expressed as shown on the right side of the third row of equation (6).
- the updated adaptive filter C k + 1 is obtained by multiplying the term obtained by multiplying the calculated gradient vector k k by the step size parameter ⁇ as shown in the first row of the equation (7). Derived by subtracting from k . However, the transfer function G in Expression (6) is replaced with the transfer function estimated value Gh obtained by the transfer function estimating unit 120. Furthermore, when Expression (6) is substituted, the update expression of the adaptive filter C is expressed as shown in the second row of Expression (7).
- FIG. 5 is compared with FIG. 7, it can be seen that the amplitude of the error signal itself is reduced by controlling the controller 100. Further, comparing FIG. 6 with FIG. 8, it can be seen that the amplitude of the detected value of the microphone in the vehicle interior is reduced by controlling the controller 100.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show the amplitude with respect to the frequency by performing FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) on the results of FIGS. 9 and 10, the thick solid line is when the controller 100 is controlled, and the broken line is when the controller 100 is not controlled.
- FFT Fast Fourier Transform
- the vibrator 61 and the error signal detector 63 are provided not on the floor panel 21 but on a member located on the wheel 10 side of the floor panel 21 in the vibration transmission path, specifically on the tire house 22. ing. That is, the vibration of the tire house 22 is reduced by exciting the tire house 22. And if the vibration of the tire house 22 can be reduced, the vibration transmitted to the floor panel 21 located on the downstream side of the vibration transmission path is reduced.
- a suspension device 80 is included between the floor panel 21 and the wheel 10.
- the suspension device 80 is very rigid as compared with the floor panel 21. Therefore, the resonance frequency of the suspension device 80 is very high compared to the resonance frequency of the floor panel 21.
- the portion of the tire house 22 where the suspension device 80 is supported is also more rigid than the floor panel 21. Accordingly, the resonance frequency of the portion of the tire house 22 is also higher than the resonance frequency of the floor panel 21.
- the frequency band of vibration caused by road surface input vibration is a frequency band sufficiently lower than the resonance frequency of the member such as the suspension device 80. Therefore, the member such as the suspension device 80 does not amplify road surface input vibration due to the resonance. Further, there is almost no influence on the amplitude of the higher-order frequency band of the member such as the suspension device 80.
- the vibration device 61 and the error signal detector 63 not in the floor panel 21 but in the suspension device 80 or its supporting part, even if a relatively low frequency band is set as the control target frequency, the suspension device 80 or the like. Can be sufficiently suppressed. If it does so, the vibration of the floor panel 21 located in the downstream of a vibration transmission path
- the control frequency band is a relatively low frequency band
- the electronic circuit of the vibrator 61, the reference signal detector 62, the error signal detector 63, and the controller 100 has high performance. Even without it, it can respond sufficiently. That is, the processing can be performed without shortening the sampling time of the reference signal detector 62 and the error signal detector 63, and the speed of the arithmetic processing of the electronic circuit of the controller 100 may not be high. Since it does not resonate, vibration can be sufficiently suppressed with a low amplitude. Therefore, the cost can be reduced and the size of the vibrator 61 can be reduced.
- the suspension device 80 for connecting the wheel 10 and the floor panel 21 includes a viscoelastic member. That is, a viscoelastic member is interposed between a member (knuckle 41) provided with the reference signal detector 62 and a member (tire house 22) provided with the vibrator 61 and the error signal detector 63. Therefore, the vibration of the member (tire house 22) provided with the vibration exciter 61 is delayed with respect to the vibration of the member (knuckle 41) provided with the reference signal. Therefore, the vibration of the member provided with the vibrator 61 can be reliably reduced by controlling the vibrator 61 based on the reference signal.
- ⁇ Second embodiment> A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the vibrator 161 and the error signal detector 163 that is an acceleration sensor.
- the vibrator 161 is attached to the suspension member 48. That is, the vibrator 161 applies a vibration force to the suspension member 48 to reduce the vibration of the suspension member 48. Further, the error acceleration sensor as the error signal detector 163 is provided at a portion of the suspension member 48 where the vibration exciter 161 is provided.
- the vibration transmission path from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21 is in the order of the wheel 10 ⁇ the knuckle 41 ⁇ the bush 42 ⁇ the lower arm 44 ⁇ the bush 46 ⁇ the suspension member 48 ⁇ the member mount 49 ⁇ the floor panel 21. .
- the reference signal detector 62 is provided in the knuckle 41 like the first embodiment. Further, the error signal detector 163 is provided in a portion of the suspension member 48 where the vibration exciter 161 is attached. That is, the error signal detector 163 is provided on the floor panel 21 side in the vibration transmission path from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21.
- a viscoelastic member is interposed between the knuckle 41 and the suspension member 48. Therefore, the error signal detector 163 detects the vibration of the member that vibrates with a time delay with respect to the vibration of the knuckle 41. According to this embodiment, vibration transmitted to the floor panel 21 via the suspension member 48 can be reduced. Therefore, the vibration of the floor panel 21 can be reliably reduced.
- the effects described in the first embodiment can be achieved.
- both effects can be obtained.
- vibration can be reduced in the middle of the path. Therefore, the vibration of the floor panel 21 can be reduced more reliably. As a result, road noise in the passenger compartment can be further reduced.
- a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the error signal detector 263 is a microphone installed in the vehicle interior 70. Furthermore, it is assumed that there are a plurality of vibration transmission paths from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21 and the interior plate member 23 that are the sources of road noise. This will be described in detail below.
- the acceleration sensor as the reference signal detector 62 is provided in the knuckle 41.
- a microphone as an error signal detector 263 is provided on the ceiling of the passenger compartment 70.
- the error signal detector 63 detects the sound in the passenger compartment 70 as an error signal. That is, the active silencer of the present embodiment detects the vehicle vertical vibration as the reference signal by the reference signal detector 62 attached to the knuckle 41, and the error signal detector 263 installed on the ceiling of the vehicle interior 70, for example.
- the sound of the vehicle interior 70 as an error signal is detected, and the vibration exciter 61 attached to the tire house 22 is adaptively controlled so as to reduce the sound of the vehicle interior 70.
- the road noise generation source to the vehicle interior 70 is a plate-like member among vehicle components such as the floor panel 21 or the door panel 23. That is, road noise occurs in the passenger compartment 70 due to surface vibration of the floor panel 21 or the door panel 23.
- FIG. 14 there are a plurality of vibration transmission paths from the wheel 10 to the floor panel 21 or the door panel 23 that is a generation source of road noise.
- the floor panel 21 itself also includes a plurality of vibration generating locations, and there are a plurality of vibration transmission paths in the floor panel 21. Below, a part of vibration transmission path which exists in large numbers is demonstrated.
- the first vibration transmission path is a path of the wheel 10 ⁇ the knuckle 41 ⁇ the bush 42 ⁇ the lower arm 44 ⁇ the shock absorber 51 ⁇ the upper support 52 ⁇ the tire house 22 ⁇ the floor panel 21.
- the second vibration transmission path is a path of the wheel 10 ⁇ the knuckle 41 ⁇ the bushes 42 and 43 ⁇ the lower arm 44, the upper arm 45 ⁇ the bushes 46 and 47 ⁇ the suspension member 48 ⁇ the member mount 49 ⁇ the floor panel 21.
- the third vibration transmission path is a path of the wheel 10 ⁇ the knuckle 41 ⁇ the bush 42 ⁇ the lower arm 44 ⁇ the shock absorber 51 ⁇ the upper support 52 ⁇ the tire house 22 ⁇ the door panel 23.
- the fourth vibration transmission path is a path of the wheel 10 ⁇ the knuckle 41 ⁇ the bushes 42 and 43 ⁇ the lower arm 44, the upper arm 45 ⁇ the bushes 46 and 47 ⁇ the suspension member 48 ⁇ the member mount 49 ⁇ the door panel 23.
- the knuckle 41 provided with the reference signal detector 62 is a common component for the first to fourth vibration transmission paths. Accordingly, the vibration detected by the reference signal detector 62 is related to all of the vibrations in the first to fourth vibration transmission paths. Further, the knuckle 41 provided with the reference signal detector 62 is the most upstream member in the vibration transmission path. That is, the vibration detected by the reference signal detector 62 is the vibration closest to the vibration of the wheel 10, and the time from when the wheel 10 vibrates until it is detected by the reference signal detector 62 becomes very short. Therefore, the reference signal detector 62 can detect vibration input from the road surface at an early stage.
- the tire house 22 provided with the vibrator 61 is a member constituting the first and second vibration transmission paths, and is located downstream of the knuckle 41 provided with the reference signal detector 62. .
- the vehicle interior 70 in which the error signal detector 263 is provided is an area generated by vibration of the floor panel 21 or the door panel 23 at the end of the vibration transmission path, not in the vibration transmission path.
- control block diagram Next, in the present embodiment, a control block diagram for controlling the vibrator 61 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the controller 200 that controls the exciter 61 applies adaptive control and reduces the error signal using the reference signal detected by the reference signal detector 62 and the error signal detected by the error signal detector 263. Control to cancel.
- the transfer functions of the first to fourth vibration transmission paths described with reference to FIG. 14 are expressed as W1 to W4. The sum of these is expressed as W.
- the control of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. However, the following points are different.
- the transfer function G2 is a transfer function from the tire house 22 to the error signal detector 263 in the vehicle interior 70.
- Y k is a transmission control sound in the error signal detector 263. That is, G is a transfer function from the control signal generator 110 to the error signal detector 263.
- vibration x k acting on the wheel 10 is transmitted to the position of the error signal detector 263 via the respective transfer functions W1 ⁇ W4 of the first to fourth vibration transmission path. That is, the transfer function from the wheel 10 to the error signal detector 263 can be grasped as the total sum W of W1 to W4. Therefore, the road noise (transfer noise) transmitted via the transfer function sum W is d k .
- the road noise in the vehicle interior 70 can be reduced by vibrating the member located in the vibration transmission path by the vibrator 61.
- the road noise is not reduced by the speaker, there is no problem when the road noise is reduced by generating the control sound (secondary sound) by the speaker as in the prior art.
- the vibration exciter 61 is installed in the tire house 22, but the vibration exciter 61 may be installed in another member constituting the vehicle body.
- the vibrator 61 may be installed on the suspension member 48.
- the vibration exciter 61 is installed in the tire house 22 or the like as a vehicle component of the vibration transmission path, the degree of freedom of installation is higher than that in the vehicle interior 70.
- the vibration exciter 61 is installed at one place of the tire house 22 even though the plurality of vibration transmission paths W1 to W4 exist, road noise can be reduced. That is, it is not necessary to install the vibrator 61 in many parts of the floor panel 21 and many parts of the interior plate-like member 23 that are road noise generation sources. The reason for this is the sound which is detected by the error signal detector 263 installed in the passenger compartment 70 and the error signal e k, vibrator 61 as the error signal e k becomes smaller and generates a vibration force Because it is.
- the vibrator 61 wheel housing 22 is vibrated As a result, the floor panel 21 and the interior plate-like member 23 are vibrated.
- a plurality of types of vibrations transmitted from the road surface and vibrations by the vibrator 61 are combined.
- the controller 200 controls the vibrator 61 so as to reduce the error signal e k is sound in the vehicle interior 70. That is, the controller 200 controls the vibrator 61 so as to reduce the vibration of the synthesized floor panel 21 and the interior plate member 23.
- the vibration exciter 61 does not reduce the vibration of the tire house 22 itself in which the vibration exciter 61 is installed, but applies vibration to the tire house 22 so that road noise in the vehicle interior 70 is reduced. It will be.
- the vibrator 61 does not necessarily reduce the vibration of the tire house 22 itself in which the vibrator 61 is installed, and may increase the vibration of the tire house 22 itself in some cases. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, road noise in the vehicle interior 70 can be reliably reduced even when there are a plurality of vibration transmission paths W1 to W4.
- the reference signal detector 62 is provided in the knuckle 41 that is a common component of the plurality of vibration transmission paths W1 to W4. This allows reliable detection of influencing the reference signal r k to a plurality of the vibration transmission path W1 ⁇ W4. Thus, components of the error signal e k resulting from the reference signal r k can be reliably reduced.
- the vibrator 61 was installed in one place, it can also be installed in multiple places. However, when a plurality of vibrators 61 are installed, it is necessary to control each vibrator 61 in consideration of the degree of influence of each vibrator 61.
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Abstract
Description
(能動型消音装置の概要)
能動型消音装置は、自動車などの車両に適用され、ロードノイズを低減するための装置である。能動型消音装置は、車室内において、スピーカから制御音を発生することにより、ロードノイズを低減するものではない。ロードノイズは、図1に示すように、自動車の走行によって生じる路面振動が車輪10からサスペンション装置80を介してフロアパネル21に伝搬される結果、フロアパネル21が振動することによって車室内70に発生する。
(車輪からフロアパネルまでの連結機構)
車輪10からフロアパネル21までの連結機構について図1および図2を参照して説明する。図1および図2に示すように、車輪10とフロアパネル21との間には、サスペンション装置80によって連結されている。具体的には、車輪10のタイヤ11を保持しているホイール12には、アクスル30が連結されている。このアクスル30には、図示しないディファレンシャルを介して、駆動源からの回転駆動力が伝達されることで、車輪10を回転させる。
次に、本実施形態において、路面から入力される振動が、車室内70のロードノイズとして伝達される経路(振動伝達経路)について、図3を参照して説明する。ここで、車室内70へのロードノイズ発生源は、フロアパネル21(または内装板状部材23)である。つまり、フロアパネル21(または内装板状部材23)が面振動することで、車室内70にロードノイズが発生する。
次に、加振器61の制御ブロック図について、図4を参照して説明する。加振器61の制御を行うコントローラ100は、適応制御を適用し、参照信号検出器62により検出される参照信号と誤差信号検出器63により検出される誤差信号とを用いて、誤差信号を小さく(キャンセル)するように制御する。
上述した能動型消音装置について実験を行った。当該実験は、ホイール12に車両上下方向のランダム振動を加えたときに、誤差信号検出器63により誤差信号を検出すると共に、車室内に配置したマイクにより車室内のノイズを検出した。比較のため、コントローラ100を制御しない場合、すなわち加振器61を駆動しない場合についても同様の実験を行った。
コントローラ100を制御した場合の実験結果として、誤差信号検出器63の誤差信号の振幅の時間経過挙動は、図5に示すようになった。また、車室内のマイクによる検出値の振幅の時間経過挙動は、図6に示すようになった。また、コントローラ100を制御しない場合の実験結果として、誤差信号検出器63の誤差信号の振幅の時間経過挙動は、図7に示すようになった。また、車室内のマイクによる検出値の振幅の時間経過挙動は、図8に示すようになった。なお、図5~図8においては、誤差信号またはマイクの検出値のピーク値のみを連続線で示している。
第二実施形態について図11を参照して説明する。ここで、第一実施形態と同一構成については同一符号を付して、詳細な説明を省略する。第二実施形態は、第一実施形態に対して、加振器161および加速度センサである誤差信号検出器163の配置が異なる。
第三実施形態について、図13~図15を参照して説明する。ここで、第一実施形態と同一構成については同一符号を付して、詳細な説明を省略する。第三実施形態は、第一実施形態に対して、誤差信号検出器263が車室内70に設置されたマイクロフォンであることが異なる。さらに、車輪10からロードノイズの発生源であるフロアパネル21および内装板状部材23までの振動伝達経路が、複数存在するものとしている。以下に、詳細に説明する。
ここで、本実施形態において、路面から入力される振動が、車室内70のロードノイズとして伝達される経路について、図14を参照して説明する。ここで、車室内70へのロードノイズ発生源は、フロアパネル21またはドアパネル23などの車両構成部品のうち板状部材である。つまり、フロアパネル21またはドアパネル23などが面振動することで、車室内70にロードノイズが発生する。
次に、本実施形態に於いて、加振器61を制御する制御ブロック図について、図15を参照して説明する。加振器61の制御を行うコントローラ200は、適応制御を適用し、参照信号検出器62により検出される参照信号と誤差信号検出器263により検出される誤差信号とを用いて、誤差信号を小さく(キャンセル)するように制御する。そして、図14を用いて説明した第一~第四の振動伝達経路の伝達関数は、W1~W4として表す。そして、これらの総和をWとして表す。
また、上述したように、車輪10に入力された振動xkは、第一~第四の振動伝達経路の伝達関数W1~W4のそれぞれを介して誤差信号検出器263の位置に伝達される。つまり、車輪10から誤差信号検出器263までの伝達関数は、W1~W4の総和Wとして把握できる。従って、伝達関数の総和Wを介して伝達されたロードノイズ(伝達騒音)が、dkとなる。
なお、本実施形態において、加振器61は一箇所に設置したが、複数箇所に設置することもできる。ただし、複数の加振器61を設置する場合には、それぞれの加振器61の影響度を考慮して、それぞれの加振器61の制御を行うことが必要となる。
Claims (7)
- 車両の室内の騒音を能動的に低減する能動型消音装置であって、
前記車両は、路面から車輪に入力される振動が車両構成部品のうち板状部材に伝達されて、当該板状部材が振動することによって車室内にロードノイズを発生し、
前記能動型消音装置は、
前記車輪から前記板状部材までの振動伝達経路において前記車輪を支持するナックルに設けられ、当該ナックルの振動を参照信号として検出する参照信号検出器と、
前記振動伝達経路において前記板状部材に連結されてサスペンション装置を支持するタイヤハウス、または、前記板状部材に連結されて前記サスペンション装置を構成するサスペンションメンバに設けられ、前記板状部材側の部材に加振力を付与する加振器と、
前記タイヤハウスの振動または前記サスペンションメンバの振動を誤差信号として検出する、もしくは、車室内の音を誤差信号として検出する誤差信号検出器と、
前記参照信号および前記誤差信号に基づいて前記誤差信号が小さくなるように前記加振器を制御するコントローラと、
を備える能動型消音装置。 - 前記車両は、
前記車輪を回転可能に支持する前記ナックルと、
前記ナックルに連結されるサスペンションアームと、
前記サスペンションアームに連結されるショックアブソーバと、
前記ショックアブソーバに取り付けられるアッパーサポートと、
前記アッパーサポートに取り付けられ、前記板状部材に連結される前記タイヤハウスと、
を含み、
前記参照信号検出器は、前記ナックルに設けられ、
前記加振器および前記誤差信号検出器は、前記タイヤハウスに設けられる、請求項1の能動型消音装置。 - 前記加振器および前記誤差信号検出器は、前記タイヤハウスのうち前記板状部材より前記アッパーサポートに近い位置に設けられる、請求項2の能動型消音装置。
- 前記車両は、
前記車輪を回転可能に支持する前記ナックルと、
前記ナックルに連結されるサスペンションアームと、
前記サスペンションアームに連結されて、メンバマウントを介して前記板状部材としてのフロアパネルに連結される前記サスペンションメンバと、
を含み、
前記参照信号検出器は、前記ナックルに設けられ、
前記加振器および前記誤差信号検出器は、前記サスペンションメンバに設けられる、請求項1の能動型消音装置。 - 前記車輪から前記板状部材までの前記振動伝達経路は、複数であり、
前記加振器は、前記複数の振動伝達経路のうち少なくとも一つの前記振動伝達経路に設けられ、
前記誤差信号検出器は、車室内の音を前記誤差信号として検出するマイクロフォンである、請求項1の能動型消音装置。 - 前記複数の振動伝達経路は、少なくとも、前記車輪から前記タイヤハウスまでの経路、および、前記車輪から前記サスペンションメンバまでの経路を含み、
前記加振器は、一つの前記振動伝達経路を構成する前記タイヤハウス、または、他の一つの前記振動伝達経路を構成する前記サスペンションメンバに設けられる、請求項5の能動型消音装置。 - 前記参照信号検出器は、複数の前記振動伝達経路の共通部品に設けられる、請求項6の能動型消音装置。
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JP2012550252A JP5326056B2 (ja) | 2011-05-19 | 2012-05-11 | 能動型消音装置 |
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JP2014006709A (ja) * | 2012-06-25 | 2014-01-16 | Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd | 能動型振動騒音抑制装置 |
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JPWO2012157577A1 (ja) | 2014-07-31 |
US8706351B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
DE112012002158T8 (de) | 2014-03-13 |
DE112012002158B4 (de) | 2018-11-29 |
DE112012002158T5 (de) | 2014-02-13 |
US20130311040A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
JP5326056B2 (ja) | 2013-10-30 |
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