WO2012153446A1 - 固体酸化物形燃料電池 - Google Patents
固体酸化物形燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012153446A1 WO2012153446A1 PCT/JP2012/001136 JP2012001136W WO2012153446A1 WO 2012153446 A1 WO2012153446 A1 WO 2012153446A1 JP 2012001136 W JP2012001136 W JP 2012001136W WO 2012153446 A1 WO2012153446 A1 WO 2012153446A1
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- electrode layer
- fuel cell
- fuel
- current collector
- gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
- H01M8/0245—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
- H01M8/2485—Arrangements for sealing external manifolds; Arrangements for mounting external manifolds around a stack
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell.
- a solid oxide fuel cell (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "SOFC” or simply “fuel cell”) using a solid oxide as an electrolyte is known.
- SOFC has, for example, a stack (fuel cell stack) in which a large number of fuel cells including a fuel electrode and an air electrode are stacked on each surface of a plate-like solid electrolyte body.
- a fuel gas and an oxidant gas (for example, oxygen in air) are supplied to the fuel electrode and the air electrode, respectively, and a chemical reaction is generated through the solid electrolyte body to generate electric power.
- the fuel cell has a pair of interconnectors and a fuel cell main body (air electrode, solid electrolyte body, and fuel electrode stacked).
- a current collector is disposed for electrical connection between the fuel cell body and the interconnector.
- the current collector can be attached to at least one of the fuel electrode and the air electrode, and at least a part of the surface of the electrode to which the current collector is attached can be engaged with the unevenness of the current collector
- a solid oxide fuel cell in which asperities are formed is disclosed (see Patent Document 1). Further, a fuel cell is disclosed in which a gas diffusion layer is disposed on an electrode surface of a membrane electrode assembly, in which a roughening treatment is performed on a contact surface with a gas flow path (see Patent Document 2).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a solid oxide fuel cell having an improved gas utilization rate in an air electrode layer or a fuel electrode layer.
- a solid oxide fuel cell comprises an air electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer, and a fuel cell body having a power generation function, and one electrode of the air electrode layer and the fuel electrode layer.
- a connector disposed opposite to a layer, and disposed between the one electrode layer and the connector, and in contact with the mutually facing surfaces of the one electrode layer and the connector, the one electrode
- a current collector electrically connecting the layer and the connector, and a groove portion of the surface of the one electrode layer on the side in contact with the current collector, the groove being disposed in a portion not in contact with the current collector Prepare.
- the groove portion is disposed at a portion of the surface of one of the air electrode layer and the fuel electrode layer which is in contact with the current collector and not in contact with the current collector. For this reason, the contact area for the gas to diffuse from the surface of the electrode layer to the inside can be increased. As a result, the diffusivity of the gas in the electrode layer is improved, and the gas utilization (gas distribution) is improved.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface of the one electrode layer in contact with the current collector is preferably greater than 0.3 ⁇ m. By making the arithmetic mean roughness Ra larger than 0.3 ⁇ m, a large contact area with the gas in this electrode layer can be secured.
- the arithmetic mean waviness Wa of the surface of the one electrode layer in contact with the current collector is preferably smaller than 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the flow of gas on the surface of the one electrode layer can be improved, the supply of gas to the downstream surface can be increased, and the gas distribution on the entire surface of the one electrode layer can be improved.
- the groove portion is formed along the flowing direction of the oxidant gas or the fuel gas.
- the flow of gas from upstream to downstream on the surface of the one electrode layer can be improved to improve the gas distribution over the entire surface of the one electrode layer.
- the current collector may be made of the same material as the connector and may be integrally formed. By integrally forming the current collector with the same material as the connector (for example, SUS), the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the current collector is formed of a dense body such as SUS. , Especially effective. That is, when the gas intrudes from the gas flow path into the interior from the surface of one of the electrode layers, it is necessary to carry out the gas through the portion where the current collector is not disposed. By disposing the groove in a portion where the current collector does not contact, the diffusion area can be secured and gas diffusion can be promoted more effectively.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a solid oxide fuel cell 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a fuel cell main body 140.
- FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a cross-section of a portion of a fuel cell main body 140.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing a cross-sectional profile of a fuel cell main body 140.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a solid oxide fuel cell (fuel cell stack) 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the solid oxide fuel cell 10 is a device that receives supply of fuel gas and oxidant gas to generate electric power.
- fuel gas hydrogen, hydrocarbon as a reductant, mixed gas of hydrogen and hydrocarbon, fuel gas obtained by passing these gases through water at a predetermined temperature and humidifying it, fuel obtained by mixing steam with these gases Gas etc.
- the hydrocarbon is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include natural gas, naphtha, coal gasification gas and the like.
- Hydrogen is preferred as the fuel gas.
- These fuel gases may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- 50% by volume or less of an inert gas such as nitrogen and argon may be contained.
- the oxidant gas may, for example, be a mixed gas of oxygen and another gas.
- the mixed gas may contain 80% by volume or less of an inert gas such as nitrogen and argon.
- air containing about 80% by volume of nitrogen is preferred because it is safe and inexpensive.
- the solid oxide fuel cell 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has a top surface 11, a bottom surface 12, and through holes 21-28.
- the through holes 21 to 24 pass through the vicinity of the sides of the top surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 (near the sides of the fuel electrode frame 150 described later), and the through holes 25 to 28 correspond to the vertexes of the top surface 11 and the bottom surface 12 (fuel electrode described later Through the top of the frame 150).
- Connecting members (bolts 41 to 48 and nuts 51 to 58 which are fasteners) are attached to the through holes 21 to 28, respectively.
- the illustration of the nuts 53, 54 and 57 is omitted for the sake of easy understanding.
- a member 60 is disposed at the opening of the through holes 21 to 24 on the upper surface 11 side.
- the bolts 41 to 44 are inserted into the through holes of the member 60 (member 62) and the through holes 21 to 24, and the nuts 51 to 54 are screwed.
- the member 60 has a member 62 and an introduction pipe 61.
- the member 62 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and has a substantially planar upper and lower surface and a curved side surface, and the introduction pipe 61 has a through hole penetrating between the upper surface and the lower surface.
- the through hole of the member 62 and the through hole of the introduction pipe 61 communicate with each other.
- the diameters of the through holes of the member 62 and the through holes 21 to 24 are substantially the same. Since the diameter of the axes of the bolts 41 to 44 is smaller than these diameters, gas (oxidization between the through holes of the member 62 and the axes of the bolts 41 to 44 and between the axes of the through holes 21 to 24 and the bolts 41 to 44 is Agent gas (air), residual fuel gas after power generation, residual oxidant gas after power generation, fuel gas) pass through. That is, the oxidant gas (air) and the fuel gas flow in from the introduction pipe 61 and flow into the solid oxide fuel cell 10 through the through holes 21 and 24 respectively. The remaining oxidant gas (air) after power generation and the remaining fuel gas after power flow in from the solid oxide fuel cell 10 and flow out from the introduction pipe 61 via the through holes 23 and 22 respectively.
- Agent gas air
- residual fuel gas after power generation residual oxidant gas after power generation
- fuel gas pass through. That is, the oxidant gas (air) and the fuel gas flow in from the introduction
- the solid oxide fuel cell 10 is configured by stacking a plurality of flat fuel cells 100 as a power generation unit. A plurality of fuel cells 100 are electrically connected in series.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell 100.
- the fuel cell 100 is a so-called anode supported fuel cell, and between the upper and lower metal interconnectors 110 (1) and 110 (2), Cell body 140 is arranged.
- An air flow passage 101 and a fuel gas flow passage 102 are disposed between the fuel cell main body 140 and the interconnectors 110 (1) and 110 (2).
- the fuel cell main body 140 is configured by laminating an air electrode (cathode) layer 141, a solid electrolyte layer 143, and a fuel electrode (anode) 144.
- the air electrode layer 141 for example, a perovskite oxide, various noble metals, and a noble metal and ceramic cermet can be used.
- perovskite oxide mention may be made of LSCF (La 1-x Sr x Co 1-y Fe y O 3 based composite oxide).
- the thickness of the air electrode layer 141 is, for example, about 100 to 300 ⁇ m, and for example, about 150 ⁇ m.
- Examples of the material of the solid electrolyte layer 143 include YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia), ScSZ (scandia-stabilized zirconia), SDC (samaria-doped ceria), GDC (gadolinia-doped ceria), and perovskite oxides. .
- a metal such as Ni, a cermet of a metal such as Ni and a ceramic for example, a mixture of a Ni metal and a ZrO 2 ceramic (YSZ or the like)
- a mixture of Ni metal and ZrO 2 ceramic a mixture of NiO and ZrO 2 ceramic (NiO-ZrO 2 ) can be used as the initial material (component material before the start of operation of the fuel cell 100). This is because the mixture of NiO and ZrO 2 ceramic changes to a mixture of Ni metal and ZrO 2 ceramic as a result of the reduction reaction progressing on the fuel electrode layer 144 side because it is exposed to the reducing atmosphere.
- the thickness of the fuel electrode layer 144 is about 0.5 to 5 mm, preferably about 0.7 to 1.5 mm. This is to provide a supporting substrate having sufficient mechanical strength and the like for supporting the solid electrolyte layer 143 and the like.
- the fuel cell 100 includes a gas seal 120, a separator 130, a fuel electrode frame 150, and a gas seal between a pair of upper and lower interconnectors 110 (1) and 110 (2). 160 and a current collector 181, which are laminated and integrally configured.
- a current collector 147 is disposed between the air electrode layer 141 and the interconnector 110 (1) in order to ensure conduction.
- a current collector 181 is disposed between the fuel electrode layer 144 and the interconnector 110 (2) in order to ensure conduction.
- a current collector 147 is disposed between the air electrode layer (not shown) of the fuel cell lower than the fuel cell 100 and the interconnector 110 (2) in order to ensure the continuity.
- the current collectors 147 and 181 can be made of metal such as stainless steel (SUS).
- the current collector 147 may be integrally formed with the interconnectors 110 (1) and 110 (2).
- the current collector 181 may be formed integrally with the interconnector 110 (2).
- the current collectors 147 and 181 and the interconnectors 110 (1) and 110 (2) are preferably made of the same (or the same) material.
- FIG. 2 shows the current collector 147 and the air electrode layer 141 in a separated state.
- each member constituting the fuel cell 100 will be described in more detail.
- the planar shape of the fuel cell 100 is a square, it is desirable that the planar shape of each member constituting the fuel cell 100 be also a square.
- the interconnectors 110 (1) and 110 (2) are plate members of 0.3 to 2.0 mm in thickness made of, for example, ferritic stainless steel, and the bolts 41 to 48 are inserted through the outer edge thereof, for example, 10 mm in diameter Through holes 21 to 28, which are round holes, are formed at equal intervals.
- the interconnectors 110 (1) and 110 (2) correspond to connectors arranged to face one of the air electrode layer and the fuel electrode layer.
- the gas seal portion 120 is a frame-shaped plate material having a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm made of mica, for example, disposed on the air electrode layer 141 side, and the bolts 45 to 48 pass through the four corners.
- the respective through holes 25 to 28 to be inserted are formed.
- the gas flow path is formed along the side so as to communicate with the through holes 21 to 24 into which the bolts 41 to 44 are inserted.
- Rectangular (100 mm long ⁇ 10 mm wide) through holes 121 to 124 are formed. That is, the through holes 121 to 124 are formed so as to include the through holes 21 to 24 when viewed in the stacking direction.
- the gas seal portion 120 has a small diameter (20 mm in length ⁇ 5 mm in width) in the right and left frame portion of the gas seal portion 120 so as to communicate with the square opening 125 in the center and the through holes 121 and 123 on the left and right.
- Four rectangular notches 127 each serving as a gas flow passage are formed.
- the notch 127 may be formed as a through hole or may be a groove formed by digging one surface of the gas seal portion 120.
- the notch 127 can be formed by laser processing or press processing.
- Each notch 127 is arranged in line symmetry about a line connecting the middle points of the left and right sides, but the number thereof may be appropriately set, for example, six or more per side. Just do it.
- the separator 130 is joined to the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the fuel cell main body 140 to block between the air flow passage 101 and the fuel gas flow passage 102.
- the separator 130 is, for example, a frame-shaped plate made of ferritic stainless steel and having a thickness of 0.02 to 0.30 mm, and the above-described fuel cell is closed at the central square opening 135 so as to close the opening 135.
- the main body 140 is joined.
- the through holes 25 to 28 having the same shape are formed at the four corners, and along the four sides (the first gas passage
- the through holes 131 to 134 having the same shape are formed.
- the fuel electrode frame 150 is a frame-shaped plate having a thickness of 0.5 to 2.0 mm made of, for example, ferritic stainless steel and disposed at the fuel gas flow channel 102 side and provided with an opening 155 at the center. Similar to the separator 130, the fuel electrode frame 150 is formed with through holes 25 to 28 of the same shape at the four corners, and each through hole serving as a gas flow path along each side of the four sides. Holes 151 to 154 are formed.
- the gas seal portion 160 is a frame-shaped plate material having a thickness of 0.2 to 1.0 mm, which is disposed on the fuel electrode layer 144 side and made of mica, for example, and the bolts 45 to 48 pass through the four corners.
- the respective through holes 25 to 28 to be inserted are formed.
- the gas seal portion 160 has a small diameter (20 mm in length ⁇ 5 mm in width) in the right and left frame portion of the gas seal portion 160 so as to communicate with the central square opening 165 and the left and right through holes 161 and 163.
- Four rectangular notches 167 each serving as a gas flow passage are formed.
- the notch 167 may be formed as a through hole, or may be a groove formed by digging one surface of the gas seal portion 160. Also, the notch 167 can be formed by laser processing or press processing.
- Each notch 167 is arranged in line symmetry about a line connecting the middle points of the left and right sides, but the number thereof may be set appropriately, for example, 6 or more per side. Just do it.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of the fuel cell main body 140.
- FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a part of the fuel cell main body 140 when it is cut along the AA line in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing a cross-sectional profile (precisely, a roughness curve) of the fuel cell main body 140 (air electrode layer 141).
- the interconnector 110 (1) is omitted for the sake of easy understanding.
- a recess (groove) 145 having a depth D1 is disposed on the surface of the air electrode layer 141 of the fuel cell 100. Further, the tip of the current collector 147 is inserted into the air electrode layer 141 at a depth D 2 (for example, about 5 to 70 ⁇ m).
- the air electrode layer 141 and the current collector 147 are stacked and pressed, and thereby the tip of the current collector 147 is inserted into the air electrode layer 141.
- the concave portion 145 is disposed in the air electrode layer 141, a reliable connection between the current collector 147 and the air electrode layer 141 is ensured.
- the contact area between the current collector 147 and the air electrode layer 141 is secured, and the contact resistance is reduced.
- the depth D2 in which the current collector 147 is inserted is larger than the depth D1 of the recess 145.
- the concave portion 145 has two directions inclined with respect to the direction of the flow path (vertical direction in the drawing of FIG. 4) (precisely, in the direction of ⁇ 45 ° in the drawing of FIG. 4). Also, the shape of the recess 145 has a shape and size different from the bottom of the current collector 147.
- the depth D1 of the recess 145 is, as described later, defined by the maximum cross-sectional height Rt of the roughness curve, and is, for example, 3 ⁇ m.
- the formation of the recess 145 on the surface of the air electrode layer 141 increases the surface area of the air electrode layer 141.
- the recess 145 has a directional component along the flow path (vertical direction) of the oxidant gas
- the oxidant gas is distributed to the entire surface of the air electrode layer 141.
- the flow of the oxidant gas on the surface of the air electrode layer 141 may be further promoted by setting the direction of the recess 145 to the direction of the flow path (vertical direction in the drawing of FIG. 4).
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface of the air electrode layer 141 is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more.
- the arithmetic mean waviness Wa of the surface of the air electrode layer 141 is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface of the air electrode layer 141 is reduced in undulation (concave and convex) to facilitate gas distribution to the entire air electrode layer 141.
- the maximum cross-sectional height Rt, the arithmetic average roughness Ra, and the arithmetic average waviness Wa are measured values according to JIS B0601-'01.
- the maximum section height Rt is the maximum section height in the roughness curve, and is the sum of the maximum value of the height of the peak P of the roughness curve and the maximum value of the depth of the valley V at the reference length L , FIG.
- the roughness curve is obtained by removing a low frequency component from the cross-sectional curve obtained by measurement with a surface roughness meter using a high pass filter with a cutoff value ⁇ c.
- the area of the recess 145 is also included in the reference length L used for this calculation (the area of the recess 145 is not excluded).
- Ra (1 / L) ⁇ ⁇ 0 L
- the area of the recess 145 is also included in the reference length L used for this calculation (the area of the recess 145 is not excluded).
- Wa (1 / L) ⁇ ⁇ 0 L
- the undulation curve is a cut-off value ⁇ f, ⁇ c from the cross-sectional curve obtained when it is measured by a surface roughness meter.
- Low-frequency components and high-frequency components are removed by sequentially using the contour curve filter of Equations (1) and (2) have the same contents of calculation except that the curve used is a roughness curve or an undulation curve.
- the green sheet containing the constituent material (YSZ etc.) of the solid electrolyte layer 143 is fired to obtain a sintered body.
- the recess 145 can be formed in the air electrode layer 141 by any of the following (1) to (3).
- a layer of material of air electrode layer 141 is formed on the surface of the solid electrolyte layer 143. This formation can be done by printing (screen, stamp, intaglio, offset) or by attaching a sheet containing the constituent material of the air electrode layer 141. Thereafter, the depression 145 is formed on the surface of the air electrode layer 141 and roughened by embossing or the like. Furthermore, the constituent material of the air electrode layer 141 is fired to form the air electrode layer 141.
- the constituent material (green sheet) of the solid electrolyte layer 143 is fired to form the solid electrolyte layer 143 (sintered body). Thereafter, a layer of the constituent material of the air electrode layer 141 is formed.
- the solid electrolyte layer 143 and the air electrode layer 141 may be stacked and simultaneously fired.
- the formation of the fuel electrode layer 144 (formation of layer, firing) may be performed before, after, or in parallel with the formation of air electrode layer 141 (formation of layer, firing).
- the recess 145 is disposed on the air electrode layer 141 to roughen the air electrode layer 141.
- a recess may be disposed on the fuel electrode layer 144 side to roughen the fuel electrode layer 144. This is taken as a second embodiment.
- a recess having a depth D1 is disposed on the surface of the fuel electrode layer 144 of the fuel cell 100, as shown in FIGS. Further, the current collector 181 is pressed against the fuel electrode layer 144. Unlike the first embodiment, the end of the current collector 147 does not reach the point of being inserted into the fuel electrode layer 144 for the reason described later.
- the fuel electrode layer 144 and the current collector 181 are stacked and pressed, whereby the current collector 181 is pressed against the air electrode layer 141. As a result, even if a recess is disposed in fuel electrode layer 144, a reliable connection between current collector 181 and fuel electrode layer 144 is ensured.
- the tip of the current collector 147 is inserted into the air electrode layer 141 by pressing.
- the strength of the fuel electrode layer 144 is larger than that of the air electrode layer 141, so the current collector 147 remains deformed by pressing (until the tip of the current collector 147 is inserted into the fuel electrode layer 144). Does not reach
- the depth D1 of the recess in the fuel electrode layer 144 is defined by the maximum cross-sectional height Rt of the roughness curve, and is, for example, 3 ⁇ m.
- the formation of the recess on the surface of the fuel electrode layer 144 increases the surface area of the fuel electrode layer 144, and the fuel gas is distributed over the entire surface of the fuel electrode layer 144.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface of the fuel electrode layer 144 is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more.
- the fuel gas can be easily taken into the fuel electrode layer 144.
- the arithmetic mean waviness Wa of the surface of the fuel electrode layer 144 is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or less.
- the gas distribution to the entire fuel electrode layer 144 is easy.
- a method of manufacturing the fuel cell main body 140 in the second embodiment will be described.
- the green sheet containing the constituent material (YSZ etc.) of the solid electrolyte layer 143 is fired to obtain a sintered body.
- a recess can be formed in the fuel electrode layer 144 by any of the following (1) to (3).
- (1) Formation of Recesses in Forming Layer of Constituent Material of Fuel Electrode Layer 144 The constituent material of the fuel electrode layer 144 (for example, Ni 0 -ZrO 2 paste) is screen-printed on the solid electrolyte layer 143 and baked. In this case, the formation of the layer of the constituent material of the fuel electrode layer 144, the formation of the recess 145, and the roughening are simultaneously performed. The formation of recesses on the surface of the fuel electrode layer 144 and roughening are performed by the screen mesh of screen printing.
- a layer of material of the fuel electrode layer 144 is formed on the surface of the solid electrolyte layer 143. This formation can be done by printing (screen, stamp, intaglio, offset) or by applying a sheet of fuel electrode layer 144. Thereafter, formation of recesses on the surface of the fuel electrode layer 144 and roughening are performed by embossing or the like. Further, the constituent material of the fuel electrode layer 144 is fired to form the fuel electrode layer 144.
- the constituent material (green sheet) of the solid electrolyte layer 143 is fired to form the solid electrolyte layer 143 (sintered body). Thereafter, a layer of the constituent material of the fuel electrode layer 144 is formed.
- the solid electrolyte layer 143 and the fuel electrode layer 144 may be stacked and simultaneously fired.
- the formation of the air electrode layer 141 formation of layer, firing
- the recess is disposed on the air electrode layer 141 side, and in the second embodiment, on the fuel electrode layer 144 side.
- recesses may be disposed on both the air electrode layer 141 and the fuel electrode layer 144, and both the air electrode layer 141 and the fuel electrode layer 144 may be roughened. In this way, gas distribution in both the air electrode layer 141 and the fuel electrode layer 144 is promoted.
- the air electrode layer 141, Recesses can be formed in both of the fuel electrode layers 144.
- either of the air electrode layer 141 and the fuel electrode layer 144 may be formed first (the firing of the green sheet), or may be performed simultaneously.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be expanded and modified, and the expanded and modified embodiment is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
- Solid oxide fuel cell 11 top surface 12 bottom 21-28 through holes 41-48 bolt 51-58 Nut 60 members 61 Introduction pipe 62 members 62 members 100 fuel cell 101 air flow path 102 Fuel gas flow path 110 interconnector 120 gas seal part 121-124 through hole 125 opening 127 notch 130 separator 131-134 through hole 135 opening 140 Fuel cell main body 141 air electrode layer 143 Solid electrolyte layer 144 Fuel electrode layer 145 recess 147 current collector 150 fuel electrode frame 151-154 through hole 155 opening 160 Gas seal part 161-164 through holes 165 opening 167 Notch 181 current collector
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Abstract
Description
良い。このとき,集電体147,181,インターコネクタ110(1),110(2)を同種(あるいは同一)の材料とすることが好ましい。 なお,後述のように,集電体147の先端は,空気電極層141に差し込まれるが,図2では,集電体147と空気電極層141を分離した状態で表している。
181が空気電極層141に押しつけられる。この結果,燃料電極層144に凹部が配置されていても,集電体181と燃料電極層144間の確実な接続が保証される。
11 上面
12 底面
21-28 貫通孔
41-48 ボルト
51-58 ナット
60 部材
61 導入管
62 部材
62 部材
100 燃料電池セル
101 空気流路
102 燃料ガス流路
110 インターコネクタ
120 ガスシール部
121-124 貫通孔
125 開口部
127 欠き
130 セパレータ
131-134 貫通孔
135 開口部
140 燃料電池セル本体
141 空気電極層
143 固体電解質層
144 燃料電極層
145 凹部
147 集電体
150 燃料極フレーム
151-154 貫通孔
155 開口部
160 ガスシール部
161-164 貫通孔
165 開口部
167 切り欠き
181 集電体
Claims (5)
- 空気電極層,固体電解質層,および燃料電極層を備え,発電機能を有する燃料電池セル本体と, 前記空気電極層及び前記燃料電極層の一方の電極層と対向するように配置されたコネクタと, 前記一方の電極層と前記コネクタとの間に配置され,前記一方の電極層および前記コネクタの互いに対向する表面それぞれに接することで,前記一方の電極層と前記コネクタを電気的に接続する集電体と, 前記一方の電極層の,前記集電体と接する側の表面のうち,前記集電体が接しない箇所に配置される溝部と, を具備することを特徴とする固体酸化物形燃料電池。
- 前記一方の電極層の,前記集電体と接する側の表面の算術平均粗さRaが,0.3μmより大きい ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の固体酸化物形燃料電池。
- 前記一方の電極層の,前記集電体と接する側の表面の算術平均うねりWaが,0.3μmより小さい ことを特徴とする請求項1または2のいずれか1項に記載の固体酸化物形燃料電池。
- 前記溝部が,前記酸化剤ガスまたは前記燃料ガスの流れる方向に沿って形成される ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の固体酸化物形燃料電池。
- 前記集電体は,前記コネクタと同一材料であり,一体に形成されている ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の固体酸化物形燃料電池。
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KR1020157037017A KR20160008246A (ko) | 2011-05-11 | 2012-02-21 | 고체산화물형 연료전지 |
KR1020137032313A KR20140020326A (ko) | 2011-05-11 | 2012-02-21 | 고체산화물형 연료전지 |
CN201280022529.2A CN103534855B (zh) | 2011-05-11 | 2012-02-21 | 固体氧化物型燃料电池 |
DK12782274.0T DK2709197T3 (da) | 2011-05-11 | 2012-02-21 | Fastoxidbrændselscelle |
CA2832329A CA2832329C (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2012-02-21 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
KR1020157014251A KR101713464B1 (ko) | 2011-05-11 | 2012-02-21 | 고체산화물형 연료전지 |
EP12782274.0A EP2709197B1 (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2012-02-21 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
US14/114,571 US9853308B2 (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2012-02-21 | Solid oxide fuel cell |
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JP2011105827A JP5819099B2 (ja) | 2011-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101713464B1 (ko) | 2017-03-07 |
EP3035428B1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
US9853308B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 |
JP5819099B2 (ja) | 2015-11-18 |
CN103534855B (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
CN103534855A (zh) | 2014-01-22 |
EP2709197B1 (en) | 2019-11-06 |
CA2898511A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
DK2709197T3 (da) | 2020-01-20 |
KR20140020326A (ko) | 2014-02-18 |
JP2012238439A (ja) | 2012-12-06 |
EP2709197A4 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
EP2709197A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
KR20160008246A (ko) | 2016-01-21 |
CA2832329C (en) | 2018-09-18 |
DK3035428T3 (en) | 2018-09-17 |
EP3035428A1 (en) | 2016-06-22 |
US20140051009A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
CA2898511C (en) | 2019-09-03 |
KR20150065949A (ko) | 2015-06-15 |
CA2832329A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 |
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