WO2012098900A1 - 半導体記憶装置 - Google Patents
半導体記憶装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012098900A1 WO2012098900A1 PCT/JP2012/000333 JP2012000333W WO2012098900A1 WO 2012098900 A1 WO2012098900 A1 WO 2012098900A1 JP 2012000333 W JP2012000333 W JP 2012000333W WO 2012098900 A1 WO2012098900 A1 WO 2012098900A1
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- power supply
- semiconductor memory
- memory device
- word line
- circuit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C5/00—Details of stores covered by group G11C11/00
- G11C5/14—Power supply arrangements, e.g. power down, chip selection or deselection, layout of wirings or power grids, or multiple supply levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C7/00—Arrangements for writing information into, or reading information out from, a digital store
- G11C7/12—Bit line control circuits, e.g. drivers, boosters, pull-up circuits, pull-down circuits, precharging circuits, equalising circuits, for bit lines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/21—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements
- G11C11/34—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices
- G11C11/40—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices using transistors
- G11C11/41—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices using transistors forming static cells with positive feedback, i.e. cells not needing refreshing or charge regeneration, e.g. bistable multivibrator or Schmitt trigger
- G11C11/413—Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for addressing, decoding, driving, writing, sensing, timing or power reduction
- G11C11/417—Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for addressing, decoding, driving, writing, sensing, timing or power reduction for memory cells of the field-effect type
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C8/00—Arrangements for selecting an address in a digital store
- G11C8/08—Word line control circuits, e.g. drivers, boosters, pull-up circuits, pull-down circuits, precharging circuits, for word lines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor memory device including a memory cell that stores and holds data.
- the present invention relates to a technique for suppressing power consumption of a semiconductor memory device by shutting off a power source of a specific circuit in the semiconductor memory device.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for suppressing power consumption while retaining data stored in a memory cell when the semiconductor memory device is in a standby state.
- leakage power is reduced and power consumption is suppressed by cutting off all the peripheral circuit power while supplying power to the memory cells.
- the word line is in a floating state. For this reason, the potential of the floating word line changes due to the influence of the switching noise of the power switch for shutting off the power of the peripheral circuit, and as a result, the data stored in the memory cell is destroyed. There is.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a configuration that solves the problem of Patent Document 1, and adds a word line switch for fixing the word line to a low impedance when the peripheral circuit is powered off.
- Patent Document 3 Another method for suppressing power consumption when the semiconductor memory device is in a standby mode is disclosed in Patent Document 3.
- a bit line precharge circuit for precharging a bit line when the semiconductor memory device is in a standby mode (a period in which the access frequency to the memory cell is 10% or less of the access frequency in the normal mode). Is controlled to place the bit line in a floating state, thereby reducing the leakage current of the bit line precharge circuit and suppressing the power consumption.
- JP 61-115295 A Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-298987 (FIG. 1 etc.) JP 2001-344979 A (paragraph [0070], FIG. 1 etc.)
- the power shut-off switching element is usually composed of a transistor
- the channel width of the transistor may be increased.
- the channel width is increased, there is a disadvantage that the area of the semiconductor memory device increases.
- the driving capability of the power shut-off switch element is low and the impedance is high, the voltage drop becomes large. If the voltage drop is large, the voltage supplied to the peripheral circuit via the power shut-off switch element decreases during normal operation, so that the performance of the peripheral circuit deteriorates and the desired performance of the semiconductor memory device cannot be obtained. .
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 if the power supply to the entire peripheral circuit is shut off when the semiconductor memory device is in a standby state, the power consumption can be effectively suppressed, but the power recovery time of the semiconductor memory device can be shortened or In order to ensure the performance of the circuit, it is necessary to increase the channel width of the switch element, which causes a disadvantage that the area of the semiconductor memory device is significantly increased.
- Patent Document 2 has a disadvantage that the area of the semiconductor memory device is further increased because a word line switch for fixing the word line to a low impedance is separately added to all the word lines. is there.
- the leakage current of the bit line precharge circuit can be suppressed.
- the memory cell transistor The suppression of the leakage current of the semiconductor memory device excluding the leakage current is insufficient.
- the present invention shortens the power recovery time of the semiconductor memory device in a semiconductor memory device without causing a significant increase in the area of the semiconductor memory device as in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
- the purpose is to secure the performance of the peripheral circuit and to suppress the leakage current of the semiconductor memory device more effectively than the technique of Patent Document 3.
- the word line when the semiconductor memory device is in a standby state, the word line is fixed to low impedance without adding a word line switch for fixing the word line to low impedance as in Patent Document 2. This prevents destruction of data stored in the memory cell.
- the leakage current of a transistor increases in proportion to the channel width of the transistor.
- the leak current in the semiconductor memory device increases in proportion to the total channel width of the transistors.
- the performance of the semiconductor memory device is determined by the start time of the word line and the precharge time of the bit line. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of the semiconductor memory device, the word line driver circuit that drives the word lines and the bit line precharge circuit that precharges the bit lines need to drive the load at high speed. For this reason, the channel width of the transistors constituting the word line driver circuit and the bit line precharge circuit is designed with a large channel width in order to increase the driving capability. Further, one word line driver circuit and one bit line precharge circuit are required for each word line and bit line. Therefore, the total value of the channel widths of the transistors in the circuit portion excluding the memory cell transistors of the semiconductor memory device is generally occupied by the word line driver circuit and the bit line precharge circuit.
- the leakage current of the semiconductor memory device is mostly occupied by both leakage currents of the word line driver circuit and the bit line precharge circuit.
- both leakage currents of the word line driver circuit and the bit line precharge circuit are as a whole ( It accounts for about 50% of the memory cell transistor (excluding the leakage current).
- the leakage current between the word line driver circuit and the bit line precharge circuit is about the whole (excluding the leakage current of the memory cell transistor). It accounts for 70%.
- the leakage current of the semiconductor memory device excluding the leakage current of the memory cell transistor is mostly due to both leakage currents of the word line driver circuit and the bit line precharge circuit.
- a semiconductor memory device at least one memory cell connected to a word line and a bit line and storing data is held, and at least one connected to the word line A word line driver circuit, at least one bit line precharge circuit connected to the bit line, and a peripheral control circuit.
- the semiconductor memory device includes a first memory cell and a peripheral control circuit. The first power supply is connected to the word line driver circuit and the bit line precharge circuit via a switch element controlled by a first control signal.
- a semiconductor memory device including at least one bit line precharge circuit connected to a bit line and a peripheral control circuit, wherein the memory cell, the peripheral control circuit, and the bit line precharge circuit have a first A power source is connected, a first power source is connected to the word line driver circuit via a switch element controlled by a first control signal, and a first control signal is connected to the bit line precharge circuit. And a bit line precharge circuit is controlled to be turned off when the switch element is turned off.
- the switch element is configured by a MOS transistor, and the MOS transistor is on / off controlled by the first control signal.
- the MOS transistor constituting the switch element has at least one of the following two configurations.
- the transistor length of the MOS transistor constituting the switch element is larger than the transistor length of the MOS transistor constituting the word line driver circuit.
- the gate oxide film thickness of the MOS transistor constituting the switch element is thicker than the gate oxide film thickness of the MOS transistor constituting the word line driver circuit.
- At least two switch elements are distributed in the peripheral control circuit.
- At least two switch elements are arranged in a distributed manner around a plurality of word line driver circuits.
- At least two switch elements are dispersedly arranged around a plurality of bit line precharge circuits.
- the switch element is disposed adjacent to the substrate power supply region of the memory cell.
- the first power source connected to the memory cell when the switch element is off, is equal to or higher than the voltage when the switch element is on. Controlled to a low voltage.
- the semiconductor memory device when the semiconductor memory device is in a standby state, the power supply from the first power supply to the word line driver circuit and the bit line precharge circuit, which occupy most of the leakage current, is interrupted by the switch element.
- the leakage current of the storage device is effectively suppressed.
- the load on the switch element is reduced as compared with the case where the power supply to the entire peripheral circuit is cut off, so that the channel width can be effectively reduced, and as a result, the increase in the area of the semiconductor memory device is suppressed.
- a semiconductor memory device at least one memory cell connected to a word line and a bit line and storing and holding data, and at least one word line driver circuit connected to the word line
- a semiconductor memory device including a peripheral control circuit, wherein a first power supply is connected to the memory cell and the peripheral control circuit, and a switch controlled by the first control signal is connected to the word line driver circuit.
- a first power supply is connected through the element.
- the semiconductor memory device when the semiconductor memory device is in a standby state, at least the power supply from the first power source to the word line driver circuit is interrupted by the switch element, so that the leakage current of the semiconductor memory device is effectively suppressed.
- the word line control signal input to the word line driver circuit is maintained at the H level, and the word line is fixed at the L level. Therefore, it is not necessary to add a word line switch for fixing the word line to a low impedance, and the data stored in the memory cell is securely held.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a semiconductor memory device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of a memory cell provided in the semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of a word line driver circuit provided in the semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of a bit line precharge circuit provided in the semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of the bit line precharge circuit included in the semiconductor memory device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of the semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a semiconductor memory device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of a memory cell provided in the semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of an input circuit provided in the semiconductor memory device.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing another example of a specific configuration of the input circuit.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing still another example of the specific configuration of the input circuit.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a specific configuration when the power shut-off switch element provided in the semiconductor memory device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is configured by an N-type MOS transistor.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a supply location of a power shut-off switch element included in the semiconductor memory device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating another example of the supply location of the power shut-off switch element included in the semiconductor memory device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a supply location of a power shut-off switch element included in the semiconductor memory device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating
- FIG. 12 is a layout diagram showing the arrangement of the word line driver circuit and the power shut-off switch element in the semiconductor memory device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the memory cell 1 provided in the semiconductor memory device according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a semiconductor integrated circuit according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a semiconductor integrated circuit according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a semiconductor integrated circuit according to a modification of the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a semiconductor memory device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the semiconductor memory device shown in FIG. 1 includes a memory cell 1, a word line driver circuit 2, a bit line precharge circuit 3, a P-type MOS transistor MP1, a memory array 10, and a peripheral control circuit 20.
- the semiconductor memory device further includes word lines WL0 to WLx, bit lines BL0 to BLy, and NBL0 to NBLy.
- a power cutoff signal PD is input to the gate of the P-type MOS transistor MP1.
- the power source (first power source) VDD is supplied to the source of the P-type MOS transistor MP1 and the memory array 10, and the internal power source VDDI is supplied to the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3.
- x and y are integers greater than or equal to 1, and in FIG. 1, a plurality of memory cells 1, word line driver circuits 2, and bit line precharge circuits 3 are present.
- the memory array 10 shows an area where the memory cells 1 are gathered.
- the P-type MOS transistor MP1 functions as a power shut-off switch element, and has a gate terminal connected to a power shut-off signal (first control signal) PD, a source terminal connected to the power supply VDD, and a drain terminal connected to the internal power supply VDDI. It is connected.
- the word lines WL0 to WLx connected to the output of each word line driver circuit 2 are connected to each memory cell 1, respectively.
- the bit lines BL0 to BLy and NBL0 to NBLy connected to each memory cell 1 are connected to each bit line precharge circuit 3, respectively.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific circuit configuration of the memory cell 1 of FIG.
- the memory cell 1 includes access transistors A1 and A2, drive transistors D1 and D2, and load transistors L1 and L2.
- a word line WL, bit lines BL and NBL, and a power supply VDD are connected to the memory cell 1.
- the load transistor L1 and the drive transistor D1, and the load transistor L2 and the drive transistor D2 constitute an inverter, and input / output terminals of the inverters are connected to form a flip-flop.
- This flip-flop stores and holds data.
- the gate terminals of the access transistors A1 and A2 are connected to the word line WL, and the drain terminals thereof are connected to the bit lines BL and NBL, respectively.
- the source terminals of the access transistors A1 and A2 are connected to the input / output terminals of the inverter, respectively.
- Data is written to the memory cell 1 in a state where the word line WL is changed from L level to H level (active state) and one of the bit lines BL and NBL precharged to H level in advance. This is realized by changing the potential from the H level to the L level.
- Data read from the memory cell 1 is stored and held in the flip-flop in the memory cell by activating the word line WL from the state of the bit lines BL and NBL precharged to H level in advance. This is realized by changing one of the bit lines from the H level to the L level based on the state.
- the access transistors A1 and A2 are both turned off. Therefore, as long as the power supply VDD is continuously supplied, the data stored in the flip-flop is externally supplied. The same stored data is kept without being affected by the above.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific circuit configuration of the word line driver circuit 2 of FIG.
- the word line driver circuit 2 includes a P-type MOS transistor MP2 and an N-type MOS transistor MN2.
- the word line driver circuit 2 receives the word line control signal NWL and the internal power supply VDDI.
- the word line driver circuit 2 is connected to the word line WL.
- the P-type MOS transistor MP2 and the N-type MOS transistor MN2 are connected in series, and a word line control signal NWL is input to both gate terminals thereof.
- An internal power supply VDDI is applied to the source terminal of the P-type MOS transistor MP2, and the power supply VDD is connected via a switch element (P-type MOS transistor MP1 in FIG. 1).
- the source terminal of the N-type MOS transistor MN2 is grounded.
- a word line WL is connected to a connection point between the P-type MOS transistor MP2 and the N-type MOS transistor MN2.
- the P-type MOS transistor MP2 and the N-type MOS transistor MN2 constitute an inverter, and an inverted signal of the word line control signal NWL is output to the word line WL.
- the H level is applied to the word line control signal NWL of all the word line driver circuits 2, and all the word lines WL output the L level (that is, all the word lines are inactive). Selected).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific circuit configuration of the bit line precharge circuit 3 of FIG.
- the bit line precharge circuit 3 includes P-type MOS transistors MP3A to MP3C.
- a bit line precharge control signal NPCG and an internal power supply VDDI are input to the bit line precharge circuit 3.
- the bit line precharge circuit 3 is connected to the bits BL and NBL.
- the gate terminals of P-type MOS transistor MP3A and P-type MOS transistor MP3B are connected to bit line precharge control signal NPCG, their drain terminals are connected to bit lines BL and NBL, and their source terminals are connected to internal power supply VDDI. .
- the gate terminal of the P-type MOS transistor MP3C is connected to the bit line precharge control signal NPCG, and its drain terminal and source terminal are connected to the bit lines BL and NBL, respectively.
- the bit line precharge circuit 3 is controlled by a bit line precharge control signal NPCG.
- the bit line precharge control signal NPCG becomes L level, and the P-type MOS transistors MP3A to MP3C are turned on.
- the bit lines BL and NBL are each precharged to the H level to prepare for the next data write / read operation (active state of the semiconductor memory device) with respect to the memory cell.
- the peripheral control circuit 20 is an address decoding circuit for controlling the word line driver circuit 2, a control circuit for controlling the bit line precharge circuit 3, and writing / reading data to / from the memory cell 1.
- FIG. 1 shows a circuit excluding the memory array 10, the word line driver circuit 2, and the bit line precharge circuit 3 in the semiconductor memory device.
- the power supply VDD is directly supplied to the memory array 10 and the peripheral control circuit 20, and each transistor constituting the memory array 10 and the peripheral control circuit 20 is configured to be driven by the power supply VDD.
- the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 are supplied with the internal power supply VDDI from the power supply VDD via the P-type MOS transistor MP1 controlled by the power cut-off signal PD. Each transistor constituting the precharge circuit 3 is driven.
- the semiconductor memory device performs a normal operation (a state where the power supply VDD is applied to all circuits) will be described.
- the L level is applied to the power cutoff signal PD, the P-type MOS transistor MP1 is turned on, and the power supply VDD is supplied to the internal power supply VDDI. Therefore, the power supply VDD is supplied to the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3, respectively.
- the power supply VDD is applied to the memory array 10 and the peripheral control circuit 20 in advance, the power supply VDD is supplied to all the circuits constituting the semiconductor memory device.
- This state is the same as the power supply state of a general semiconductor memory device, and in this state, it is possible to normally perform data writing and reading operations on the semiconductor memory device.
- the word line driver circuit 2 outputs all the word lines WL0 to WLx to L level. Also, all the bit lines BL0 to BLy and NBL0 to NBLy are precharged to the H level by the bit line precharge circuit 3.
- the power supply VDD is applied to the memory cell 1 because the word line WL is at the L level (inactive state), the data stored in the memory cell 1 is kept without being affected by the outside. Can do.
- the word line WL When the word line WL outputs L level, the H level is applied to the word line control signal NWL, the N-type MOS transistor MN2 is turned on, and the P-type MOS transistor MP2 is turned off. Although the P-type MOS transistor MP2 is off, the internal power supply VDDI (VDD power supply) is applied to the source terminal of the P-type MOS transistor MP2, and thus an off-leakage current flows through the P-type MOS transistor MP2.
- VDDI VDD power supply
- the L level is stored in the source terminal of the access transistor A1 and the H level is stored in the source terminal of the access transistor A2.
- the bit line precharge control signal NPCG becomes L level and the P-type MOS transistors MP3A to MP3C are turned on, so that the bit lines BL and NBL become H level.
- the source terminal of the access transistor A2 is at the H level
- the drive transistor D1 is turned on
- the source terminal of the access transistor A1 is at the L level.
- the access transistor A1 Since the word line WL is at the L level, the access transistor A1 is turned off, but since the internal power supply VDDI (VDD power supply) is applied from the bit line precharge circuit 3 to the drain terminal of the access transistor A1, the access transistor A1 is accessed. An off-leak current supplied from the bit line precharge circuit 3 flows through the transistor A1.
- VDDI VDD power supply
- the bit line precharge circuit 3 supplies the access transistor A2. Off-leakage current will flow.
- the H level is applied to the power cutoff signal PD, the P-type MOS transistor MP1 is turned off, and the power supply VDD is not supplied to the internal power supply VDDI (floating state).
- the source terminal of the P-type MOS transistor MP2 is in a floating state, but since the power supply VDD is applied to the peripheral control circuit 20, the word line control signal NWL is applied with the H level. Therefore, since the P-type MOS transistor MP2 is turned off and the N-type MOS transistor MN2 is turned on, all the word lines WL0 to WLx are eventually turned on as in the case where the power is applied to all the circuits of the semiconductor memory device. Output L level.
- the source terminals of the P-type MOS transistors MP3A to MP3C of the bit line precharge circuit 3 are in a floating state, and the bit lines BL0 to BLy and NBL0 to NBLy have undefined potentials, but all the word lines WL0 to WLx are at the L level. Therefore, the access transistors A1 and A2 of all the memory cells 1 are turned off.
- the word line WL is at the L level, if the power supply VDD is applied to the memory cell 1, the data stored in the memory cell 1 can be kept without being affected by the outside. Therefore, even if the potentials of the bit lines BL0 to BLy and NBL0 to NBLy are indefinite potential, it is possible to perform the same operation as in the case where the power is applied to all the circuits of the semiconductor memory device.
- the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device are in a state where the power supply VDD is not supplied to the internal power supply VDDI (floating state).
- the current from the bit line precharge circuit 3 is connected to the drain terminals of the access transistors A1 and A2 constituting the memory cell 1. Is cut off. Therefore, it can be seen that the off-leakage current of the access transistors A1 and A2 is suppressed.
- the power supply VDD between the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is shut off and when it is not shut off.
- the same operation can be performed, and further, when the power supply VDD between the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is shut off, the off-leak current can be suppressed, so that the semiconductor memory It can be seen that the device has lower power consumption.
- the leakage current of the semiconductor memory device excluding the leakage current of the transistor of the memory cell 1 is the leakage current between the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3. Occupies the majority. Since this embodiment is configured to cut off only the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3, it can be seen that the leakage current can be suppressed very effectively.
- the load of the internal power supply VDDI can be configured very lightly compared to the case where the power supply of the entire peripheral circuit is cut off. Therefore, it is clear that the power recovery time until the semiconductor memory device shifts from the standby state to the normal operation is higher than that when the power to the entire peripheral circuit is shut off.
- the load of the internal power supply VDDI can be configured very lightly compared to the case where the power supply of the entire peripheral circuit is cut off. Therefore, the transistor drive capability (transistor channel width) of the power shut-off switch element (P-type MOS transistor MP1 in FIG. 1) is such that the power supply of the entire peripheral circuit as in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 is shut off. Obviously, it may be set smaller as compared to. That is, the area of the semiconductor memory device can be configured to be smaller.
- the word line WL can be controlled to the L level even when the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 is cut off, the word line switching element as in Patent Document 2 is unnecessary, and the semiconductor memory device The area can be made smaller. This effect can be obtained regardless of whether the power supply to the bit line precharge circuit 3 is cut off by the switch element (P-type MOS transistor MP1).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of a specific configuration of the bit line precharge circuit 3 of FIG.
- the bit line precharge circuit 3 'shown in FIG. 5 includes P-type MOS transistors MP3A to MP3C and an OR circuit OR1.
- a bit line precharge control signal NPCG, a power cut-off signal PD, and a power supply VDD are input to the bit line precharge circuit 3 '. Further, the bit line precharge circuit 3 'is connected to the bit lines BL and NBL.
- the gate terminals of the P-type MOS transistors MP3A and MP3B are based on the output signal (power cutoff signal PD (first control signal)) of the OR circuit OR1 controlled by the bit line precharge control signal NPCG and the power cutoff signal PD. Control signal), its drain terminal is connected to the bit lines BL and NBL, and its source terminal is connected to the power supply VDD.
- An output signal of the OR circuit OR1 is connected to the gate terminal of the P-type MOS transistor MP3C, and its drain terminal and source terminal are connected to the bit lines BL and NBL, respectively.
- the bit line precharge circuit 3 'shown in FIG. 5 differs from the bit line precharge circuit 3 shown in FIG. 4 in that the power supply VDD is directly applied to the source terminals of the P-type MOS transistors MP3A and MP3B.
- the gate terminals of the MOS transistors MP3A to MP3C are controlled by the output signal of the OR circuit OR1 of the bit line precharge control signal NPCG and the power cutoff signal PD.
- bit line precharge control circuit 3 'of FIG. 5 performs the same operation as the bit line precharge circuit 3 of FIG.
- bit line precharge control circuit 3 'of FIG. 5 performs the same operation as the bit line precharge circuit 3 of FIG.
- the H level is applied to the power cutoff signal PD.
- bit line precharge circuit 3 ′ in FIG. 5 since the power supply VDD is directly applied to the source terminals of the P-type MOS transistors MP3A and MP3B, the power is supplied to the bit line precharge circuit 3 as shown in FIG. The power supply VDD is not shut off. However, since the H level is applied to the power cutoff signal PD, the output signal of the OR circuit OR1 becomes the H level regardless of the input of the bit line precharge control signal NPCG, and all the P-type MOS transistors MP3A to MP3C Turns off.
- bit lines BL0 to BLy and NBL0 to NBLy are indefinite potentials (floating state), and the drain terminals of the access transistors A1 and A2 constituting the memory cell 1 are connected to the bit line precharge circuit 3 ′ shown in FIG. It can be seen that the off-leakage current of the access transistors A1 and A2 is suppressed.
- the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 is cut off, whereas in the present embodiment, the power supply VDD of the bit line precharge circuit 3 ′ is cut off. Only the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 is cut off without being cut off. Therefore, since the load of the internal power supply VDDI is lighter than that in the first embodiment, the power recovery time until the semiconductor memory device shifts from the standby state to the normal operation is faster than that in the first embodiment.
- the driving capability (transistor channel width) of the transistor of the power shut-off switch element is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the area of the semiconductor memory device can be made smaller.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the semiconductor memory device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the semiconductor memory device shown in FIG. 6 has a configuration in which an input circuit 4 is added to the configuration shown in FIG.
- the input circuit 4 receives the address signal AD and the data signal DI, and the output of the input circuit 4 is input to the peripheral control circuit 20.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- An address signal AD, a data signal DI, etc. (first input signal) are input to the semiconductor memory device, a memory cell 1 corresponding to the input address signal AD is selected, and the selected memory cell 1 is selected. On the other hand, data of the data signal DI is written.
- the input signal (address signal AD, data signal DI, etc.) is supplied between the power supply VDD and the ground power supply.
- the input signal (address signal AD, data signal DI, etc.) is supplied between the power supply VDD and the ground power supply.
- a through current flows between the power source VDD of the CMOS inverter and the ground power source, resulting in an increase in power consumption.
- FIG. 7 is an example of a specific circuit configuration of the input circuit 4 of FIG.
- the input circuit 4 shown in FIG. 7 includes a P-type MOS transistor MP4 and N-type MOS transistors MN4 and MN5.
- the input circuit 4 receives an address signal AD, a power cutoff signal PD, and an internal power supply VDDI.
- An IAD output signal is output from the input circuit 4.
- the internal power supply VDDI is connected to the source terminal of the P-type MOS transistor MP4.
- the P-type MOS transistor MP4 and the N-type MOS transistor MN4 constitute an inverter.
- the input signal AD is connected to the input of the inverter, and the output signal IAD of the input circuit 4 is output.
- An N-type MOS transistor MN5 is connected between the output signal IAD of the input circuit 4 and the ground power supply, and a power cutoff signal PD is connected to the gate terminal thereof.
- the power shutoff signal PD becomes H level,
- the power supply VDD is not supplied to the internal power supply VDDI (floating state). Therefore, even if an input signal (address signal AD, data signal DI, etc.) (first input signal) is input at an intermediate potential (undefined state) between the power supply VDD and the ground power supply, a through current is passed through the inverter. Not flowing.
- the output signal IAD of the input circuit 4 is in a high impedance state, and in order to prevent a through current in the next-stage circuit that receives the output signal of the input circuit 4, an N-type MOS transistor is supplied with the power cutoff signal PD. MN5 (low impedance element) is turned on, and the output signal IAD of the input circuit 4 is fixed at L level (low impedance state).
- MN5 low impedance element
- the output signal IAD of the input circuit 4 is fixed at L level (low impedance state).
- the inverted signal of the power shutdown signal PD is input to the input circuit 4
- the power shutdown signal is provided between the power VDD and the output signal IAD of the input circuit 4 instead of the N-type MOS transistor MN5. What is necessary is just to connect the P-type MOS transistor which connected the inversion signal of PD to the gate terminal.
- the P-type MOS transistor is turned on by the inverted signal of the power cutoff signal PD, and the output signal IAD of the input
- FIG. 8 shows another example of the specific circuit configuration of the input circuit 4 shown in FIG.
- the input signal (address signal AD, data signal DI, etc.) is between the power supply VDD and the ground power supply.
- the input circuit 4 ′ shown in FIG. Includes a CMOS NOR circuit NOR1 that receives the address signal AD and the power cutoff signal PD and outputs the output signal IAD of the input circuit 4 ′.
- the CMOS NOR circuit NOR1 is supplied with a power supply VDD.
- CMOS NOR circuit NOR1 In the case of the CMOS NOR circuit NOR1, if one input (power cutoff signal PD) is at H level, the output is determined irrespective of the other input (address signal AD), and the other input (address signal). Even when the potential of (AD) is input at an intermediate potential (undefined state) between the power supply VDD and the ground power supply, no through current flows. That is, it is clear that the same effect as the configuration shown in FIG. 7 can be obtained.
- FIG. 9 shows still another example of the specific circuit configuration of the input circuit 4 shown in FIG.
- CMOS NAND circuit NAND1 may be used instead of the CMOS NOR circuit NOR1 shown in FIG.
- the CMOS NAND circuit NAND1 is supplied with a power supply VDD.
- CMOS NAND circuit NAND1 In the case of the CMOS NAND circuit NAND1, if one input (inverted signal NPD of the power shut-off signal) is L level, the output is determined regardless of the other input (address signal AD), and the other input Even when the potential of the (address signal AD) is input at an intermediate potential (undefined state) between the power supply VDD and the ground power supply, the through current does not flow. That is, it is obvious that the same effect as the configuration of FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 can be obtained.
- the off-leakage current of a MOS transistor constituting a semiconductor memory device becomes smaller as the channel length of the transistor is increased. Further, the thicker the gate oxide film pressure of the MOS transistor, the smaller the off-leakage current.
- the off-leakage current can also be reduced by increasing the impurity concentration injected into the diffusion region of the MOS transistor and increasing the absolute value of the threshold voltage of the transistor. Furthermore, a reverse bias is applied to the substrate power supply of the MOS transistor (if it is a P-type MOS transistor, a voltage higher than that applied to the source terminal is applied to the substrate, and if it is an N-type MOS transistor, it is applied to the source terminal.
- the off-leakage current can be reduced even when a voltage equal to or lower than a predetermined voltage is applied to the substrate.
- the P-type MOS transistor MP1 for shutting off the power supply VDD and the internal power supply VDDI is also at the time of power shutoff (the power shutoff signal PD becomes H level and the P-type MOS transistor MP1 is turned off. State) has an off-leakage current.
- the channel lengths of transistors having the same polarity in the circuit portion excluding the memory cell 1 are generally designed to have the same length.
- the P length constituting the word line driver circuit 2 is designed. If the channel length of the P-type MOS transistor MP1 is made longer than the channel length of the P-type MOS transistor MP2, the off-leak current of the P-type MOS transistor MP1 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- the gate oxide film thicknesses of MOS transistors having the same polarity are generally formed with the same thickness.
- a P-type MOS transistor constituting the word line driver circuit 2 is used. If the gate oxide film pressure of the P-type MOS transistor MP1 is made thicker than the gate oxide film thickness of the MP2, the off-leak current of the P-type MOS transistor MP1 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- the impurity concentration injected into the diffusion region of the MOS transistor of the same polarity formed in the region excluding the memory array 10 is generally the same impurity concentration.
- the impurity concentration injected into the diffusion region of the P-type MOS transistor MP1 is made higher than the impurity concentration injected into the diffusion region of the P-type MOS transistor MP2 constituting the line driver circuit 2, so that the absolute threshold voltage of the MOS transistor is increased. If the value is increased, the off-leakage current of the P-type MOS transistor MP1 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- the same potential is generally applied to all substrate power supplies of MOS transistors having the same polarity.
- a P-type MOS transistor MP2 constituting the word line driver circuit 2 is used. If a potential equal to or higher than that of the substrate power source is applied to the substrate power source of the P-type MOS transistor MP1, the off-leak current of the P-type MOS transistor MP1 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- the transistor constituting the word line driver circuit 2 has been described as an example. However, it is obvious that other transistors constituting the semiconductor memory device have the same effect.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a specific configuration in the case where the P-type MOS transistor MP1 which is the power shut-off switch element in FIG. 1 is replaced with an N-type MOS transistor.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 10 includes an N-type MOS transistor MN1 and a level shift circuit 5. To the level shift circuit 5, the PD receives a power cut-off signal.
- the N-type MOS transistor MN1 has a power supply VDD connected to its source terminal and an internal power supply VDDI connected to its drain terminal.
- the level shift circuit 5 receives the power cutoff signal PD and outputs the inverted level of the power cutoff signal PD to the gate terminal of the N-type MOS transistor MN1. At this time, if the power cutoff signal PD is at the L level, an H level that is voltage-converted to a potential equal to or higher than the potential of the power supply VDD is output.
- the H level is applied to the gate terminal of the N-type MOS transistor MN1, the N-type MOS transistor MN1 is turned on, and the power supply VDD is the internal power supply. Supplied to VDDI. If the H level is applied to the power cut signal PD (the power is cut off), the L level is applied to the gate terminal of the N-type MOS transistor MN1, the N-type MOS transistor MN1 is turned off, and the internal power supply VDDI is turned on. The power supply VDD is not supplied (floating state).
- N-type MOS transistor in order to output the same potential as the potential applied to the source terminal (power supply VDD) to the drain terminal (internal power supply VDDI), apply to the source terminal with respect to the gate terminal of the N-type MOS transistor.
- a potential obtained by adding the threshold voltage of the N-type MOS transistor to the applied potential may be applied.
- the level shift circuit 5 capable of converting the output of the input signal and outputting it is inserted before the N-type MOS transistor MN1.
- the level shift circuit 5 is not necessary if the configuration is such that a voltage equal to or higher than the power supply VDD is supplied in advance as the power cutoff signal PD.
- the driving capability of an N-type MOS transistor is higher in the driving capability of a P-type MOS transistor and the driving capability of an N-type MOS transistor, which are configured with the same channel width and channel length. Therefore, when the P-type MOS transistor and the N-type MOS transistor are configured to have the same driving capability, the N-type MOS transistor can be configured with a smaller area.
- the area of the semiconductor memory device can be configured to be smaller when the power shut-off switching element is configured by an N-type MOS transistor.
- the off-leakage current of the MOS transistor constituting the semiconductor memory device becomes smaller as the channel length of the transistor is increased. Further, the thicker the gate oxide film pressure of the MOS transistor, the smaller the off-leakage current.
- the off-leakage current can also be reduced by increasing the impurity concentration injected into the diffusion region of the MOS transistor and increasing the absolute value of the threshold voltage of the transistor. Furthermore, even if a reverse bias is applied to the substrate power supply of the MOS transistor, the off-leakage current can be reduced.
- the N-type MOS transistor MN1 for cutting off the power supply VDD and the internal power supply VDDI is also in a power-off state (a state where the power-off signal PD is at H level and the N-type MOS transistor MN1 is turned off). Off-leakage current is flowing.
- the channel lengths of transistors having the same polarity in the circuit portion excluding the memory cell 1 are generally designed to be the same length.
- N constituting the word line driver circuit 2 is designed. If the channel length of the N-type MOS transistor MN1 is made longer than the channel length of the N-type MOS transistor MN2, the off-leak current of the N-type MOS transistor MN1 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- MOS transistors having the same polarity are generally formed with the same gate oxide film thickness.
- an N-type MOS transistor constituting the word line driver circuit 2 is used. If the gate oxide film pressure of the N-type MOS transistor MN1 is made thicker than the gate oxide film thickness of the MN2, the off-leak current of the N-type MOS transistor MN1 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- the impurity concentration injected into the diffusion region of the MOS transistor of the same polarity formed in the region excluding the memory array 10 is generally the same impurity concentration.
- the impurity concentration injected into the diffusion region of the N-type MOS transistor MN1 can be made higher than the impurity concentration injected into the diffusion region of the N-type MOS transistor MN2 constituting the line driver circuit 2, thereby raising the threshold voltage of the MOS transistor.
- the off-leak current of the N-type MOS transistor MN1 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- the same potential is generally applied to all substrate power sources of MOS transistors having the same polarity.
- an N-type MOS transistor MN2 constituting the word line driver circuit 2 is used. If a potential equal to or lower than that of the substrate power supply is applied to the substrate power supply of the N-type MOS transistor MN1, the off-leakage current of the N-type MOS transistor MN1 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- the transistors constituting the word line driver circuit have been described as an example. However, it is obvious that other transistors constituting the semiconductor memory device have the same effect.
- FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B are diagrams showing a supply location of the power shut-off switch element of the word line driver circuit according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11A shows a P-type MOS transistor MP1 which is a switching element for power supply cutoff of the word line driver circuit 2, and word lines WL0 to WL0 which are outputs of the word line driver circuit 2 and the word line driver circuit 2 from the configuration of FIG. It is the figure which extracted WLx, power supply VDD, and internal power supply VDDI. Further, the configuration shown in FIG. 11A includes a wiring resistance R1 of the internal power supply VDDI.
- FIG. 11B is a configuration in which a P-type MOS transistor MP1B, which is a switch element for cutting off the power of the word line driver circuit 2, is added to the side of the word line driver circuit 2 that outputs the word line WL0 to the configuration of FIG. 11A. is there.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 11B includes a wiring resistance R1 of the internal power supply VDDI.
- the P-type MOS transistor MP1B has a gate terminal connected to the power cutoff signal PD, a source terminal connected to the power supply VDD, and a drain terminal connected to the internal power supply VDDI. Perform the same operation.
- FIG. 11A The difference between FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B is whether the power supply from the power supply VDD to the internal power supply VDDI is performed from one place or from two places.
- the voltage drop caused by the wiring resistance R1 of the internal power supply VDDI is the power supply of the word line driver circuit 2 that outputs the word line WLx closest to the power supply location.
- the voltage drop at the terminal is the smallest, and conversely, the voltage drop at the power supply terminal of the word line driver circuit 2 that outputs the word line WL0 that is farthest from the power supply location is the smallest. large.
- the restoration of the word line driver circuit 2 that outputs the word line WL0 that is farthest from the power supply location is the slowest.
- FIG. 12 is a layout diagram showing the arrangement of the word line driver circuit 2 and the power shut-off switch element in the semiconductor memory device.
- the layout diagram of the semiconductor memory device shown in FIG. 12 includes a word line driver circuit 2, a substrate power supply region 6 for memory cells, a switch element arrangement region 7 for power cutoff, and a memory array 10.
- substrate power supply regions 6 for supplying substrate power of the memory cells 1 constituting the memory array 10 are arranged in the memory array 10 at regular intervals, and the word line driver circuit 2 is , Arranged adjacent to the memory array 10.
- a vacant area (power cutoff switch element arrangement area 7) is generated at a location adjacent to the substrate power supply area 6.
- a switching element for power cutoff is arranged in this empty area, that is, if the switching element is arranged adjacent to the substrate power supply area 6 of the memory cell, there is no increase in the area of the semiconductor memory device.
- the area of the apparatus can be reduced.
- the configuration for the word line driver circuit 2 is shown. However, if the same configuration is applied to the bit line precharge circuit 3, the same effect as that of the word line driver circuit 2 is obtained. It is clear that is obtained.
- FIG. 11B shows a configuration in which two switch elements are arranged around the word line driver circuit 2, but two switch elements are arranged in the peripheral control circuit 20 or around the bit line precharge circuit 3. Since the diagram showing the configuration is the same, it is omitted.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of the specific configuration (FIG. 2) of the memory cell 1 of FIG.
- the memory cell 1 ′ shown in FIG. 13 includes access transistors A 1 and A 2, drive transistors D 1 and D 2, and load transistors L 1 and L 2.
- the memory cell 1 ' is connected to the word line WL, the bit lines BL and NBL, and the power supply VDD.
- a substrate power source (first substrate power source) VDDB is connected to the substrates of the load transistors L1, L2, and a substrate power source (second substrate power source) VSSB is connected to the access transistors A1, A2 and the drive transistors D1, D2. Is done.
- the substrate power supply VDDB of the load transistors L1 and L2 which are P-type MOS transistors
- the substrate power supply VSSB of the access transistors A1 and A2 and drive transistors D1 and D2 which are N-type MOS transistors. The only difference is that they can be controlled independently.
- the operation of the memory cell 1 'in FIG. 13 is the same as that of the memory cell 1 in FIG.
- the off-leakage current of a MOS transistor constituting a semiconductor memory device is applied with a reverse bias applied to the substrate power supply of the MOS transistor (for a P-type MOS transistor, a voltage equal to or higher than the voltage applied to the source terminal).
- the off-leakage current can be reduced by applying a voltage equal to or lower than the voltage applied to the source terminal to the substrate.
- the off-leakage current of the load transistors L1 and L2 can be suppressed, and the semiconductor memory device can be reduced. Power consumption can be reduced.
- the substrate power supply VSSB of the access transistors A1 and A2 and the drive transistors D1 and D2, which are N-type MOS transistors, is equal to or lower than the ground power supply (the power supply applied to the source terminals of the drive transistors D1 and D2).
- the ground power supply the power supply applied to the source terminals of the drive transistors D1 and D2.
- the same or higher potential than the power supply VDD is applied to the substrate power supply VDDB of the load transistors L1 and L2 which are P-type MOS transistors, and the access transistors A1 and A2 and drive transistors which are N-type MOS transistors. It is not necessary to apply the same or lower potential as the ground power supply to the substrate power supply VSSB of D1 and D2, and the substrate power supply VDDB of the load transistors L1 and L2, which are P-type MOS transistors, is equal to or higher than the power supply VDD. Either apply a potential or apply a potential equal to or lower than the ground power supply to the substrate power supply VSSB of the access transistors A1 and A2 and the drive transistors D1 and D2 which are N-type MOS transistors. Also good.
- the method of switching the substrate power supply of the memory cell 1 ′ includes, for example, providing two switch elements (P-type MOS transistors) controlled by a power cut-off signal PD and an inverted signal of the power cut-off signal PD. Is connected to the substrate power supply VDDB having the same or higher potential as the power supply VDD, and the power supply VDD is connected to the input of the other switch element. The output of each switch element is connected in common, and the output of the switch element is connected to the substrate power supply of the load transistors L1 and L2 of the memory cell 1 '.
- P-type MOS transistors P-type MOS transistors
- the switch element P-type MOS transistor on the side connected to the power supply VDD is turned on and the load transistor L1 of the memory cell 1 ′ is turned on.
- the power supply VDD is applied to the L2 substrate power supply.
- the switch element connected to the substrate power supply VDDB is turned on.
- the substrate power supply VDDB may be applied to the substrate power supplies of the load transistors L1 and L2 of the memory cell 1 ′.
- switch elements N-type MOS transistors controlled by the power cutoff signal PD and the inverted signal of the power cutoff signal PD are provided, and the input of one switch element is equal to or lower than the ground power supply.
- a substrate power supply VSSB which is a potential, is connected, and a ground power supply is connected to the input of the other switch element.
- the output of each switch element is connected in common, and the output of the switch element is connected to the substrate power supply of the access transistors A1, A2 and the drive transistors D1, D2 of the memory cell 1 '.
- power supply cutoff signal PD is at L level (when the semiconductor memory device performs normal operation), the switch element (N-type MOS transistor) connected to the ground power supply is turned on, and access transistor A1 of memory cell 1 ′ is turned on. , A2 and the ground power supply are applied to the substrate power supplies of the drive transistors D1 and D2.
- the power shutoff signal PD is at H level (when the power supply to the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is shut off)
- the switch element on the side connected to the substrate power supply VSSB is turned on.
- the substrate power supply VSSB may be applied to the substrate power supplies of the access transistors A1 and A2 and the drive transistors D1 and D2 of the memory cell 1 ′.
- the reverse bias is applied to the substrate power supply of the memory cell 1 ′ only when the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is cut off.
- the power supply VDD between the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is shut off without lowering the performance of the semiconductor memory device during normal operation, lower power consumption is achieved.
- a semiconductor memory device that can be realized is realized.
- the word line WL is at L level and the access transistors A1 and A2 are Both are off. Therefore, as long as the power supply VDD is continuously supplied to the source terminals of the load transistors L1 and L2 of the memory cell 1 ′, the data stored in the flip-flop is not affected by the outside and holds the same stored data. Is in a state to continue.
- the load transistor L1 and the drive transistor D1 constitute an inverter, and the input / output terminals of each inverter are connected to form a flip-flop. Keep the memory.
- two switch elements P-type MOS transistors controlled by a power shut-off signal PD and an inverted signal of the power shut-off signal PD are provided, and the potential of the one switch element is equal to or lower than the power supply VDD.
- the output of each switch element is connected in common, and the output of the switch element is connected to the source terminals of the load transistors L1 and L2 of the memory cell 1 '.
- the switch element (P-type MOS transistor) connected to the power supply VDD is turned on, and the power supply VDD is supplied to the memory cell 1 ′. Applied. If the power shutdown signal PD is at H level (when the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is shut off), the switch element connected to the power supply VDD2 is turned on. Thus, the power supply VDD2 having the same potential as or lower than the power supply VDD is applied to the memory cell 1 ′.
- the semiconductor memory As described above, if the power supply applied to the memory cell 1 ′ is reduced when the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is cut off, the semiconductor memory The power consumption of the apparatus can be reduced.
- the case of controlling the substrate power of the load transistors L1 and L2 of the memory cell 1 ′ and the substrate power of the access transistors A1 and A2 and the drive transistors D1 and D2 has been described.
- the same effect can be obtained even when the substrate power source of the P-type MOS transistor and the substrate power source of the N-type MOS transistor constituting the peripheral control circuit 20 in FIG.
- the off-leakage current of a MOS transistor constituting a semiconductor memory device is applied with a reverse bias applied to the substrate power supply of the MOS transistor (for a P-type MOS transistor, a voltage equal to or higher than the voltage applied to the source terminal).
- the off-leakage current can be reduced by applying a voltage equal to or lower than the voltage applied to the source terminal to the substrate.
- the peripheral control is performed.
- the off-leakage current of the P-type MOS transistor constituting the circuit 20 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- a ground power supply (applied to the source terminal of the N-type MOS transistor) is applied to the substrate power supply (fourth substrate power supply) (for example, the substrate power supply VSPB) of the N-type MOS transistor constituting the peripheral control circuit 20. If a potential equal to or lower than that of the power source is applied, the off-leak current of the N-type MOS transistor constituting the peripheral control circuit 20 can be suppressed, and the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be reduced.
- the method of switching the substrate power supply of the MOS transistors constituting the peripheral control circuit 20 includes, for example, providing two switch elements (P-type MOS transistors) controlled by a power cutoff signal PD and an inverted signal of the power cutoff signal PD.
- the substrate power supply VDPB having the same potential as or higher than the power supply VDD is connected to the input of one switch element, and the power supply VDD is connected to the input of the other switch element.
- the output of each switch element is connected in common, and the substrate power supply of the P-type MOS transistor constituting the peripheral control circuit 20 is connected to the output of the switch element.
- the switch element (P-type MOS transistor) on the side connected to the power supply VDD is turned on, and P constituting the peripheral control circuit 20
- the power supply VDD is applied to the substrate power supply of the MOS transistor.
- the power shutoff signal PD is at H level (when the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is shut off)
- the switch element connected to the substrate power supply VDPB is turned on. Then, the substrate power supply VDPB may be configured to be applied to the substrate power supply of the P-type MOS transistor constituting the peripheral control circuit 20.
- switch elements N-type MOS transistors controlled by the power cutoff signal PD and the inverted signal of the power cutoff signal PD are provided, and the input of one switch element is equal to or lower than the ground power supply.
- a substrate power supply VSPB which is a potential, is connected, and a ground power supply is connected to the input of the other switch element.
- the output of each switch element is connected in common, and the substrate power supply of the N-type MOS transistor constituting the peripheral control circuit 20 is connected to the output of the switch element.
- power supply cutoff signal PD is at L level (when the semiconductor memory device performs normal operation), the switch element (N-type MOS transistor) on the side connected to the ground power supply is turned on, and N constituting peripheral control circuit 20 A ground power supply is applied to the substrate power supply of the MOS transistor.
- the power shutdown signal PD is at H level (when the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is shut off)
- the switch element on the side connected to the substrate power supply VSPB is turned on. Then, the substrate power supply VSPB may be applied to the substrate power supply of the N-type MOS transistor constituting the peripheral control circuit 20.
- the reverse bias is applied to the substrate power supply of the MOS transistor constituting the peripheral control circuit 20 only when the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is cut off.
- the power VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device is cut off, the power applied to the memory cell 1 ′ is lowered. It is obvious that the power consumption of the semiconductor memory device can be further suppressed if configured as described above.
- the first power source connected to the memory cell 1 ' is controlled to a voltage equal to or lower than the voltage when the switch element is turned on.
- the power consumption can be further controlled.
- FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a semiconductor integrated circuit according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 100 shown in FIG. 14 includes semiconductor memory devices 30 and 31, and other semiconductor memory devices 40 and 41, and the semiconductor integrated circuit 100 is supplied with a power supply VDD.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 100 is equipped with a plurality of semiconductor memory devices 30, 31, 40, 41 to which a power supply VDD is supplied. These semiconductor memory devices 30, 31, and 40, 41 are respectively shown in FIG. The same operation as that of the semiconductor memory device 1 is performed.
- the absolute value of the threshold voltage of the transistors constituting the semiconductor memory devices 40 and 41 is set higher than the absolute value of the threshold voltage (Vt) of the transistors constituting the semiconductor memory devices 30 and 31.
- Vt threshold voltage
- the semiconductor memory devices 30 and 31 are referred to as semiconductor memory devices configured with low Vt transistors, and the other semiconductor memory devices 40 and 41 are referred to as semiconductor memory devices configured with high Vt transistors.
- the off-leakage current of a MOS transistor that constitutes a semiconductor memory device decreases as the absolute value of the threshold voltage of the transistor increases. Therefore, the semiconductor memory devices 40 and 41 configured with high Vt transistors consume less power than the semiconductor memory devices 30 and 31 configured with low Vt transistors.
- the semiconductor memory devices 40 and 41 composed of high Vt transistors need to shut off the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device as shown in FIG. Very low. Therefore, it is more effective to delete the power shut-off switch element (P-type MOS transistor MP1 in FIG. 1) to reduce the area of the semiconductor memory devices 40 and 41, and as a result, to reduce the area of the semiconductor integrated circuit 100. It can be said that.
- the semiconductor memory device constituted by two types of Vt transistors is mixedly mounted in the semiconductor integrated circuit.
- the semiconductor memory device constituted by two or more types of Vt transistors is integrated in the semiconductor integrated circuit. Even when embedded in a circuit, if a semiconductor integrated circuit is configured by applying the same concept as described above, it is clear that both low power consumption and small area of the semiconductor integrated circuit can be achieved. It is.
- FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of a semiconductor integrated circuit according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- a semiconductor integrated circuit 101 shown in FIG. 15 includes semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51 and a P-type MOS transistor MP50.
- a power cutoff signal PD is input to the gate of the P-type MOS transistor MP50.
- Internal power supply VDDI and power supply VDD are connected to semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51.
- the P-type MOS transistor (switch element) MP50 is controlled by a power shut-off signal PD, the power supply VDD is connected to the source terminal, the internal power supply VDDI is connected to the drain terminal, and the internal power supply VDDI is supplied to the semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51, respectively. Is done.
- Each of the semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51 is configured by removing the power shut-off switch element (P-type MOS transistor MP1) controlled by the power shut-off signal PD from the semiconductor memory device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 shows a configuration in which one switch element (P-type MOS transistor MP50) for power shutdown controlled by the power shutdown signal PD is provided in the semiconductor integrated circuit 101.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 101 is configured such that a single switch element MP50 can simultaneously control the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of all the semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51. is there.
- FIG. 16 is another configuration diagram of the semiconductor integrated circuit according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 101 shown in FIG. 16 includes semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51 and an external application terminal 200. Internal power supply VDDI and power supply VDD are supplied to semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51 from external application terminal 200.
- a switch element (P-type MOS transistor MP50) is arranged in the semiconductor integrated circuit 101, and the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit of the semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51 are controlled by controlling the switch element. 3 power supply shut-off control is implemented.
- the switch element (P-type MOS transistor MP50) is deleted from the configuration in FIG.
- the internal power supply VDDI (the potential of the power supply VDD and the potential of the power supply VDD) supplied from the outside of the semiconductor integrated circuit 101 to the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory devices 50 and 51 via the external application terminal 200. In this example, whether or not an equivalent second power source is supplied is controlled.
- a control signal for selecting whether the semiconductor memory device is in a standby state or not is input to the semiconductor memory device. For example, if the chip enable signal is L level, the semiconductor memory device is in a normal operation state, and if the chip enable signal is H level, the semiconductor memory device is in a standby state.
- the power cut-off signal PD described above sets the power cut-off signal PD to the H level when the semiconductor memory device is in a standby state, and sets the power supply VDD of the word line driver circuit 2 and the bit line precharge circuit 3 of the semiconductor memory device. On the contrary, when the semiconductor memory device performs a normal operation, the power shut-off signal PD is set to the L level so that the power VDD is supplied to all the circuits.
- control of the power cutoff signal PD can be substituted by the chip enable signal input to the semiconductor memory device.
- the control signal input to the semiconductor memory device can be reduced, and the control of the semiconductor memory device can be simplified.
- the semiconductor memory device of the present invention cuts off the power supply of only a specific circuit that occupies most of the leakage current during standby in the semiconductor memory device. This has the effect of effectively suppressing the leakage current in the state, and is useful as a circuit for realizing low power consumption, such as a semiconductor memory device and a semiconductor integrated circuit.
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施形態1に係る半導体記憶装置の構成図である。
図5は、図1のビット線プリチャージ回路3の具体的な構成のその他の一例を示す図である。
図6は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る半導体記憶装置の構成図である。
次に、本発明の実施形態4の半導体記憶装置を説明する。
図10は、図1の電源遮断用のスイッチ素子であるP型MOSトランジスタMP1を、N型MOSトランジスタに置き換えた場合の具体的な構成の一例を示す図である。
図11A、図11Bは、本発明の実施形態6に係るワード線ドライバ回路の電源遮断用のスイッチ素子の供給箇所を示す図である。
図13は、図1のメモリセル1の具体的な構成(図2)のその他の一例を示す図である。
続いて、本発明の実施形態8を説明する。
図14は、本発明の実施形態9に係る半導体集積回路の構成図である。
図15は、本発明の実施形態10に係る半導体集積回路の構成図である。
図16は、本発明の実施形態10に係る半導体集積回路のその他の構成図である。
次に、本発明の実施形態11の半導体記憶装置を説明する。
2 ワード線ドライバ回路
3,3’ ビット線プリチャージ回路
4,4’,4’’ 入力回路
5 レベルシフト回路
6 メモリセル用基板電源供給領域
7 電源遮断用スイッチ素子配置領域
10 メモリアレイ
20 周辺制御回路
30,31,40,41,50,51 半導体記憶装置
100,101 半導体集積回路
MP1,MP1B,MP50 P型MOSトランジスタ(スイッチ素子)
MN1 N型MOSトランジスタ(スイッチ素子)
MP2,MP3A~C,MP4,MP50 P型MOSトランジスタ
MN2,MN4 N型MOSトランジスタ
MN5 N型MOSトランジスタ(ローインピーダンス素子)
A1,A2 アクセストランジスタ
D1,D2 ドライブトランジスタ
L1,L2 ロードトランジスタ
R1 配線抵抗
NOR1 NOR回路(入力回路)
NAND1 NAND回路(入力回路)
WL,WL0,WLx ワード線
BL,BL0,BLy,NBL,NBL0,NBLy ビット線
AD アドレス信号(第1の入力信号)
PD 電源遮断信号(第1の制御信号)
NWL ワード線制御信号
NPCG ビット線プリチャージ制御信号
VDDI 内部電源
VDD 電源(第1の電源)
VDDB ロードトランジスタの基板電源(第1の基板電源)
VSSB アクセストランジスタとドライブトランジスタの基板電源(第2の基板電源)
Claims (11)
- ワード線とビット線とに接続され、データの記憶保持を行なう少なくとも1個のメモリセルと、
前記ワード線に接続された少なくとも1個のワード線ドライバ回路と、
前記ビット線に接続された少なくとも1個のビット線プリチャージ回路と、
周辺制御回路と
により構成された半導体記憶装置であって、
前記メモリセルと前記周辺制御回路には、第1の電源が接続され、
前記ワード線ドライバ回路と前記ビット線プリチャージ回路とには、第1の制御信号によって制御されるスイッチ素子を介して、前記第1の電源が接続される
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - ワード線とビット線とに接続され、データの記憶保持を行なう少なくとも1個のメモリセルと、
前記ワード線に接続された少なくとも1個のワード線ドライバ回路と、
前記ビット線に接続された少なくとも1個のビット線プリチャージ回路と、
周辺制御回路と
により構成された半導体記憶装置であって、
前記メモリセルと前記周辺制御回路と前記ビット線プリチャージ回路には第1の電源が接続され、
前記ワード線ドライバ回路には、第1の制御信号によって制御されるスイッチ素子を介して、前記第1の電源が接続されており、
前記ビット線プリチャージ回路には、前記第1の制御信号に基づいた制御信号が入力され、前記スイッチ素子がオフする時に前記ビット線プリチャージ回路がオフするように制御される
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記請求項1または2に記載の半導体記憶装置において、
前記スイッチ素子は、MOSトランジスタで構成されており、
前記第1の制御信号によって前記MOSトランジスタがオン・オフ制御される
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記請求項3に記載の半導体記憶装置において、
(1)前記スイッチ素子を構成するMOSトランジスタのチャネル長は、前記ワード線ドライバ回路を構成するMOSトランジスタのチャネル長よりも長い、
および、
(2)前記スイッチ素子を構成するMOSトランジスタのゲート酸化膜厚は、前記ワード線ドライバ回路を構成するMOSトランジスタのゲート酸化膜厚よりも厚い、
のうち少なくともいずれか一つを有する
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記請求項1または2に記載の半導体記憶装置において、
前記スイッチ素子は、前記周辺制御回路中の少なくとも2箇所に、分散配置されている
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記請求項1または2に記載の半導体記憶装置において、
前記スイッチ素子は、複数配置されたワード線ドライバ回路の周辺の、少なくとも2箇所に、分散配置されている
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記請求項1または2に記載の半導体記憶装置において、
前記スイッチ素子は、複数配置されたビット線プリチャージ回路の周辺の、少なくとも2箇所に、分散配置されている
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記請求項1または2に記載の半導体記憶装置において、
前記スイッチ素子は、メモリセルの基板電源供給領域と隣り合って配置されている
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記請求項1または2に記載の半導体記憶装置において、
前記メモリセルを構成する複数のP型MOSトランジスタの第1の基板電源と、
前記メモリセルを構成する複数のN型MOSトランジスタの第2の基板電源と、
を有し、
(1)前記第1の基板電源には、前記メモリセルを構成する複数のP型MOSトランジスタのソース電源と同じかそれより高い電圧が供給される
および、
(2)前記第2の基板電源には、前記メモリセルを構成する複数のN型MOSトランジスタのソース電源と同じかそれより低い電圧が供給されるように構成されている
のうち少なくともいずれか一つを有する
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記請求項1または2に記載の半導体記憶装置において、
前記スイッチ素子がオフしている時には、
前記メモリセルに接続される前記第1の電源が、前記スイッチ素子がオンしている時の電圧と同じかそれより低い電圧に制御される
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - ワード線とビット線とに接続され、データの記憶保持を行なう少なくとも1個のメモリセルと、
前記ワード線に接続された少なくとも1個のワード線ドライバ回路と、
周辺制御回路と
により構成された半導体記憶装置であって、
前記メモリセルと前記周辺制御回路には、第1の電源が接続され、
前記ワード線ドライバ回路には、第1の制御信号によって制御されるスイッチ素子を介して、前記第1の電源が接続される
ことを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。
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KR102127997B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-10 | 2020-06-30 | 에스케이하이닉스 주식회사 | 반도체 장치 및 그의 구동방법 |
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US9685224B2 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-06-20 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Memory with bit line control |
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