WO2012077293A1 - リチウムイオン電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012077293A1 WO2012077293A1 PCT/JP2011/006616 JP2011006616W WO2012077293A1 WO 2012077293 A1 WO2012077293 A1 WO 2012077293A1 JP 2011006616 W JP2011006616 W JP 2011006616W WO 2012077293 A1 WO2012077293 A1 WO 2012077293A1
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- electrode plate
- plate group
- temperature
- sensitive adhesive
- heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
- Y10T29/49115—Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery.
- a lithium ion battery having a wound electrode group is generally assembled in the following order. First, the wound electrode plate group is put in an outer case. Next, an electrolytic solution is injected into the outer case. Then, the opening part of an exterior case is closed with a sealing board.
- the volume occupied by the electrode group within the outer case is very large. For this reason, the electrolyte injected into the outer case does not easily soak into the electrode plate group. That is, a long time is required for the step of injecting the electrolytic solution into the outer case. If the injection process takes a long time, it is indispensable to increase production facilities for carrying out the injection process. As a result, it is necessary to secure an extra space for installing the production equipment, or the equipment cost is increased. Furthermore, since the electrolytic solution evaporates in the atmosphere, the loss of the electrolytic solution increases when the injection process takes a long time.
- the following methods have been proposed to shorten the time required for the injection process. Specifically, after injecting the electrolyte into the outer case, the pressure of the environment where the electrode plate group is placed is lowered. Thereby, the air inside the electrode plate group and the electrolytic solution are smoothly replaced, and the electrode solution is impregnated in the electrode plate group in a relatively short time.
- this method requires equipment for performing evacuation, so it cannot be expected to save space for production equipment and reduce equipment costs.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method in which a plurality of types of electrolytic solutions having different viscosities are prepared and injected into an outer case in order from a low-viscosity electrolytic solution. This method requires equipment for sequentially injecting a plurality of types of electrolytes into the outer case as well as a plurality of types of electrolytes. Therefore, even with this method, it is not possible to expect much space saving of production equipment and reduction of equipment costs. Since it is necessary to prepare a plurality of types of electrolytes, there is a possibility that problems may arise in terms of material procurement.
- the present invention solves such a conventional problem, and an object thereof is to provide an improved manufacturing method of a lithium ion battery. More specifically, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for efficiently performing the step of injecting an electrolytic solution.
- the present invention Preparing a positive electrode plate, a separator and a negative electrode plate; Combining the positive electrode plate, the separator, and the negative electrode plate so that a spirally wound electrode plate group is formed; Using a heat-sensitive adhesive having the property that the adhesive force is reduced by heating or cooling, and fixing the winding end of the electrode plate group; Adjusting the temperature around the electrode plate group so that the electrode plate group is loosened by reducing the adhesive force of the heat-sensitive adhesive after the electrode plate group is put in an exterior case; Injecting an electrolyte into the outer case; A method for producing a lithium ion battery is provided.
- the temperature around the electrode plate group is adjusted so that the adhesive force of the heat-sensitive adhesive is reduced.
- the electrode plate group is loosened, thereby creating a slight gap between the electrode plate (positive electrode plate or negative electrode plate) and the separator.
- the electrolytic solution can permeate relatively smoothly into the gap formed between the electrode plate and the separator. As a result, the time required for the injection process can be shortened, and consequently the productivity of the lithium ion battery is improved.
- the evaporation amount of the electrolyte can be reduced by completing the injection process in a short time.
- the evaporation amount of the electrolytic solution is reduced, it is possible to prevent the amount of the electrolytic solution from being varied for each product. This contributes to stabilization of the performance of the lithium ion battery.
- the evaporation amount of the electrolytic solution is reduced, it can be expected to reduce the environmental load and improve the working environment.
- the present invention can be suitably employed when manufacturing a lithium ion battery using a higher viscosity electrolyte.
- FIG. 1 Sectional view of a lithium ion battery that can be manufactured by the method of the present invention.
- the perspective view of the electrode group of the lithium ion battery shown in FIG. The perspective view of the electrode group which concerns on a modification
- Schematic showing the loosening of the electrode plate group due to a decrease in the adhesive strength of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape Schematic graph showing the characteristics of heat-sensitive adhesive tape (warm-off type)
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a lithium ion battery that can be manufactured by the method of the present invention.
- 2A is a perspective view of an electrode plate group of the lithium ion battery shown in FIG.
- the lithium ion battery 100 includes a wound electrode plate group 4 and an outer case 1 that accommodates the electrode plate group 4.
- the electrode plate group 4 includes a positive electrode plate 5, a negative electrode plate 6, and a pair of separators 7.
- the electrode plate group 4 is impregnated with an electrolytic solution.
- the opening of the outer case 1 is closed with a sealing plate 2.
- the positive electrode plate 5 includes a positive electrode current collector 5a and a positive electrode active material layer 5b. One end of a positive electrode lead 5 c is connected to the positive electrode plate 5.
- the other end of the positive electrode lead 5 c is connected to the back surface of the sealing plate 2.
- An insulating packing 3 is disposed around the sealing plate 2.
- the negative electrode plate 6 includes a negative electrode current collector 6a and a negative electrode active material layer 6b.
- One end of a negative electrode lead 6 c is connected to the negative electrode plate 6.
- the other end of the negative electrode lead 6 c is connected to the bottom surface of the outer case 1.
- Insulating rings 8 are disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the electrode plate group 4, respectively.
- the electrode plate group 4 has a cylindrical shape.
- the shape of the electrode plate group 4 is not limited to a cylinder.
- the electrode plate group 4 may have a square and flat shape in plan view.
- a heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 is affixed to a winding end portion 9 (terminal) of the electrode plate group 4.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 has a characteristic that the adhesive strength is greatly reduced or substantially lost by heating or cooling.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 exhibits an adhesive force necessary for maintaining the binding applied to the electrode plate group 4 at room temperature (20 to 25 ° C.). If the heat sensitive adhesive tape 10 is used, the time required for the step of injecting the electrolytic solution into the outer case 1 can be shortened as will be described later.
- the adhesive force is substantially lost means that the adhesive force necessary to maintain the tight binding applied to the electrode plate group 4 is not exhibited. More specifically, when the adhesive strength at a certain temperature falls below 10% of the adhesive strength at room temperature (23 ° C.) (180 degree peel strength (N / 25 mm)), the adhesive strength is substantially lost. It can be judged.
- the adhesive strength can be measured by, for example, a method defined in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS C2107 (1999).
- the shape, size, etc. of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 are not particularly limited as long as the binding provided to the electrode plate group 4 can be maintained before the electrode plate group 4 is put into the outer case 1.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 is attached only to a part of the winding end portion 9.
- a heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 may be applied to the entire winding end portion 9 in the height direction.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 may be wound around the electrode plate group 4 in excess of 360 degrees with respect to the circumferential direction of the electrode plate group 4.
- the positive electrode plate 5 can be produced by applying, drying and rolling a positive electrode mixture on one or both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector 5a.
- the positive electrode plate 5 has a thickness of 30 to 200 ⁇ m, for example, and is preferably flexible.
- the positive electrode mixture is obtained by kneading and uniformly dispersing materials such as a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material using a dispersion medium.
- the positive electrode current collector 5a is typically made of a metal foil.
- Aluminum foil can be used as the metal foil.
- a perforated foil, an expanded material, a lath material, or the like can be used for the positive electrode current collector 5a.
- the surface of the positive electrode current collector 5a may be subjected to a roughening treatment.
- the roughening treatment may be performed by a physical method such as blasting, or may be performed by a chemical method such as etching.
- the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions.
- a lithium-containing transition metal compound can be used as the positive electrode active material.
- the lithium-containing transition metal compound include a composite oxide containing lithium and at least one element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium.
- LiCoO 2, LiMnO 2, LiNiO 2, LiNi x M (1-x) O 2 M includes Co, Mn, Fe, Mg, at least one selected from the group consisting of Ti and Al, x satisfies 0.3 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.95), LiCrO 2 , ⁇ LiFeO 2 , LiVO 2 and the like.
- the binder is not particularly limited as long as it can be kneaded and dispersed in the dispersion medium.
- polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymers of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, fluorine resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, acrylic rubber, modified acrylic rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylic resin, vinyl resin, etc. Can be used.
- These binders may be used alone or in the form of a mixture of two or more.
- a copolymer of monomers used for the synthesis of these resins can be used as a binder.
- the binder may be used in the form of powder or in the form of a dispersion.
- carbon materials such as acetylene black, graphite, and carbon fiber can be used alone or in the form of a mixture of two or more.
- a solvent capable of dissolving the binder can be used.
- an organic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, hexamethylsulfuramide, tetramethylurea, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone
- organic solvents can be used alone or in the form of a mixed solvent of two or more.
- water or warm water can be used.
- the positive electrode mixture may contain a dispersant, a surfactant, a stabilizer, a thickener and the like as necessary.
- a dispersant examples include ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and the like.
- the method for applying the positive electrode mixture to the positive electrode current collector 5a is not particularly limited. Using a slit die coater, reverse roll coater, lip coater, blade coater, knife coater, gravure coater, dip coater or the like, the slurry-like positive electrode mixture can be applied to the positive electrode current collector 5a.
- the applied positive electrode mixture may be naturally dried or may be dried using a drying apparatus (drying furnace). In consideration of productivity, it is preferable to dry at a temperature of 70 to 200 ° C. for 10 minutes to 5 hours using a drying apparatus.
- the positive electrode plate 5 After drying, the positive electrode plate 5 is rolled so that the positive electrode active material layer 5b has a predetermined thickness. Rolling may be performed a plurality of times using a roll press, or may be performed a plurality of times while changing the press pressure by the roll press. After rolling, the positive electrode lead 5c for taking out electric power is welded to the positive electrode current collector 5a.
- the negative electrode plate 6 can be produced by applying, drying and rolling a negative electrode mixture on one side or both sides of the negative electrode current collector 6a.
- the negative electrode plate 6 has a thickness of 30 to 210 ⁇ m, for example, and is preferably flexible.
- the negative electrode mixture is obtained by kneading and uniformly dispersing materials such as a negative electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material using a dispersion medium.
- a dry method may be employed instead of the wet method described above.
- the dry film forming method include a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method (chemical vapor deposition method), and the like. Any of these methods can be performed in a vacuum. From the viewpoint of efficiently forming the negative electrode active material layer 6b, a vapor deposition method is desirable.
- As an evaporation method both electron beam evaporation and resistance heating evaporation can be adopted. When depositing oxides, nitrides or oxynitrides, oxides and / or nitrides can be used as the evaporation material.
- reactive vapor deposition may be performed.
- a foil made of metal such as copper or copper alloy can be suitably used.
- the metal foil suitable for the negative electrode current collector 6a include rolled foil and electrolytic foil.
- a material other than a normal metal foil a perforated foil, an expanded material, a lath material, or the like can be used for the negative electrode current collector 6a.
- the surface of the negative electrode current collector 6a may be subjected to a roughening treatment.
- the rolled copper foil subjected to the roughening treatment and the electrolytic copper foil subjected to the roughening treatment are generally used as the material for the negative electrode current collector 6a.
- the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions.
- a carbon material containing graphite having a graphite-type crystal structure can be used as the negative electrode active material.
- carbon materials include natural graphite, spherical or fibrous artificial graphite, non-graphitizable carbon (hard carbon), graphitizable carbon (soft carbon), and the like.
- Examples of the material other than the carbon material include lithium titanate.
- a high-capacity material such as silicon, tin, a silicon alloy, a tin alloy, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or tin oxide can be suitably used as the negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode mixture may contain a binder, a conductive material, a dispersant, a surfactant, a stabilizer, a thickener and the like as necessary.
- a binder a conductive material
- a dispersant a surfactant
- a stabilizer a thickener
- a negative electrode lead 6c for taking out power is welded to the negative electrode current collector 6a.
- a microporous film made of polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene can be suitably used as the separator 7, a microporous film made of polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene can be suitably used.
- the separator 7 may be composed of a single-layer microporous film or may be composed of a microporous film having a multilayer structure.
- An example of a multilayer structure is a structure in which a polypropylene film is bonded to both sides of a polyethylene film.
- the separator 7 has a thickness of 8 to 40 ⁇ m, for example.
- the rolled electrode plate group 4 has an outer diameter of 90% or more (preferably 95% or more) of the inner diameter of the outer case 1 at the stage before being put into the outer case 1.
- the energy density of the lithium ion battery 100 can be sufficiently increased.
- the upper limit of the outer diameter of the electrode plate group 4 is not particularly limited, for example, it is 99% of the inner diameter of the outer case 1.
- the winding end portion 9 of the electrode group 4 is fixed using a heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 as shown in STEP 3 of FIG.
- the insulating rings 8 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the electrode plate group 4, and the electrode plate group 4 is placed in the outer case 1.
- the positive electrode lead 5 c is welded to the back surface of the sealing plate 2
- the negative electrode lead 6 c is welded to the bottom surface of the outer case 1.
- the step of welding the positive electrode lead 5 c to the back surface of the sealing plate 2 may be performed after injecting the electrolyte into the outer case 1.
- the outer case 1 has a cylindrical shape having a bottom and an opening.
- a material for the outer case 1 nickel, iron, nickel alloy, iron alloy, steel plate with nickel plating, or the like can be used from the viewpoint of pressure strength.
- the electrode plate group 4 is loosened by reducing the adhesive force of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10.
- the temperature around the electrode plate group 4 is adjusted.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 can exhibit an adhesive force necessary to maintain the tightness imparted to the electrode plate group 4 at room temperature.
- the adhesive force of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 decreases to such an extent that the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 peels from the electrode plate group 4.
- the fastening force applied to the electrode plate group 4 is weakened. Then, the outermost peripheral part of the electrode plate group 4 moves in the circumferential direction, and the electrode plate group 4 is slightly expanded in the radial direction. Thereby, a slight gap is generated between the electrode plate (positive electrode plate 5 or negative electrode plate 6) and the separator 7. Since the electrolytic solution smoothly penetrates into such a gap, the time required for the electrolytic solution injection process can be shortened. In addition, after the adhesive force of the heat sensitive adhesive tape 10 falls, it is thought that the outer diameter of the electrode group 4 substantially corresponds to the inner diameter of the outer case 1.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 has a base material and a layer of a heat-sensitive adhesive formed on the base material.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive may be applied directly to the electrode plate group 4 in the step of fixing the winding end portion 9. That is, the winding end portion 9 of the electrode plate group 4 can be fixed by directly applying the heat-sensitive adhesive to the inner portion of the winding end portion 9.
- a film made of a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, or polymethyl methacrylate can be used.
- the resin film may be an unstretched film or a stretched film.
- the heat-sensitive adhesive layer in the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 can be formed of a warm-off type heat-sensitive adhesive whose adhesive strength is reduced or substantially lost at a temperature higher than a set temperature (switching temperature).
- the process for reducing the adhesive force (temperature adjustment process) and the process for drying the electrode plate group 4 in the outer case 1 can be covered by a single heat treatment. it can. That is, a substantial increase in the number of steps can be avoided.
- the electrode plate group 4 may be dried before being put into the outer case 1, or the step of drying the electrode plate group 4 may be omitted.
- the composition of the warm-off type heat-sensitive adhesive is not particularly limited as long as the adhesive strength decreases when heated to a temperature higher than the set temperature.
- the warm-off type heat-sensitive adhesive can typically be composed of a resin composition containing an acrylic resin as a main component.
- the “main component” means a component that is contained most in weight%.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive generally contains a copolymer of plural kinds of acrylic monomers. By appropriately selecting an acrylic monomer as a starting material and copolymerizing them, an acrylic resin having a necessary function is synthesized, and the synthesized acrylic resin can be used as an adhesive.
- an acrylic resin having desired characteristics attention should be paid to the glass transition point (Tg) and melting point (Tm) of the acrylic resin to be synthesized.
- Tg glass transition point
- Tm melting point
- the acrylic resin is contained as a main component in the warm-off type heat-sensitive adhesive, the heat-sensitive property of the pressure-sensitive adhesive is caused by melting of the acrylic resin and losing adhesive force. That is, the adhesive strength of the heat-sensitive adhesive is substantially lost at a temperature higher than a specific temperature range including the melting point of the acrylic resin, and the adhesive strength of the heat-sensitive adhesive is exhibited at a temperature lower than the specific temperature range. Is done.
- the glass transition point of the synthesized polymer depends on the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group contained in the (meth) acrylate monomer. To do. If this property is utilized, an acrylic resin having a target glass transition point can be synthesized.
- the warm-off type heat-sensitive adhesive contains a side chain crystalline polymer.
- the “side chain crystalline polymer” means a polymer having a side chain portion that can be crystallized.
- the side chain crystalline polymer is an alkyl alkyl ester having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and / or a methacrylic acid alkyl ester, a carboxy group-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and an alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms.
- an acrylic acid alkyl ester and / or a methacrylic acid alkyl ester may be composed of an adhesive composition containing a side chain crystalline polymer and a normal adhesive. Examples of normal adhesives include natural rubber adhesives and acrylic adhesives. Such a heat-sensitive adhesive is described in, for example, JP-A-2000-355684.
- the set temperature at which the adhesive strength of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 is reduced or lost is preferably in the temperature range of 40 to 120 ° C. If the set temperature is 40 ° C. or higher, even if the environmental temperature of the manufacturing process is somewhat high, the adhesive force of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 is sufficiently exerted and the wound state of the electrode plate group 4 can be maintained.
- the set temperature may exist at 50 ° C. or higher.
- the set temperature needs to be lower than the shutdown temperature.
- the temperature around the electrode plate group 4 is kept higher than the set temperature and lower than the shutdown temperature.
- the set temperature is less than 80 ° C or less than 70 ° C.
- the set temperature When the set temperature is moderately low, it is easy to design a heat-sensitive adhesive.
- the set temperature may exist in a temperature range (for example, 50 ° C. or more and less than 80 ° C.) formed by any combination of the above-described lower limit temperature and upper limit temperature.
- the adhesive strength of the adhesive used for the normal adhesive tape decreases in inverse proportion to the temperature.
- the warm-off type heat-sensitive adhesive has a set temperature in the temperature region R existing between the room temperature and the shutdown temperature, and is designed so that the adhesive force changes rapidly before and after the set temperature. Has been.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 may be formed of a cool-off type heat-sensitive adhesive whose adhesive strength is reduced or substantially lost at a temperature lower than the set temperature.
- the cool-off type heat-sensitive adhesive typically has the characteristics shown in FIG. 5B.
- the cool-off type heat-sensitive adhesive has a set temperature lower than room temperature, and is designed such that the adhesive force changes rapidly before and after the set temperature.
- a cool-off type heat-sensitive adhesive can be designed by utilizing the property that the adhesive force of the acrylic resin changes greatly at the glass transition point (Tg) and the melting point (Tm). .
- the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 may have a property of recovering the adhesive force reduced by heating or cooling at room temperature.
- the electrode plate group 4 has a sufficiently large outer diameter at the stage before being put into the outer case 1, it is not essential that the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 has the above properties. This is because even if the adhesive function of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 is lost, the electrode plate group 4 continues to be restrained by the outer case 1 and cannot be loosened freely.
- Examples of the commercially available heat-sensitive adhesive tape 10 include “Intellimer (registered trademark of Landeck Corporation, USA) tape” available from Nitta.
- an electrolytic solution is injected into the outer case 1.
- the electrolytic solution includes, for example, a nonaqueous solvent and an electrolyte dissolved therein.
- Non-aqueous solvents include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,3-dimethoxypropane, 4-methyl-2- Pentanone, 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, valeronitrile, benzonitrile, sulfolane, 3-methyl-sulfolane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, trimethyl phosphate, Triethyl phosphate or the like can be used alone or in the form of a mixed solvent of two or more.
- a lithium salt having a strong electron withdrawing property can be used.
- LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 LiN (SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2
- LiC (SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 Etc LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ) 3 Etc.
- concentration of the electrolyte in the electrolytic solution is, for example, 0.5 to 1.7 mol / liter.
- the step of injecting the electrolytic solution into the outer case 1 may be performed after the electrode plate group 4 is placed in the outer case 1 and before the ambient temperature is adjusted. Depending on the case, before putting the electrode group 4 into the outer case 1, an electrolyte may be put in the outer case 1 in advance.
- the sealing plate 2 is fitted into the opening of the outer case 1 and the opening of the outer case 1 is caulked. Thereby, the lithium ion battery 100 is obtained.
- Example 1 100 parts by weight of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 as the positive electrode active material, 5 parts by weight of acetylene black as the conductive material, and 5 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride as the binder in an appropriate amount of N-methyl- In addition to 2-pyrrolidone, the mixture was sufficiently kneaded to prepare a positive electrode mixture.
- a positive electrode mixture was applied to a positive electrode current collector made of a strip-shaped aluminum foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m. The applied positive electrode mixture was dried at an ambient temperature of 90 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then rolled three times.
- a positive electrode lead made of aluminum was welded to the positive electrode current collector by spot welding.
- an insulating sheet made of polypropylene was put on the positive electrode lead with the positive electrode lead interposed therebetween. In this way, a positive electrode plate having dimensions of width 56 mm, length 660 mm, and thickness 0.13 mm was obtained.
- a negative electrode active material 100 parts by weight of flake graphite as a negative electrode active material, 1 part by weight of a water-soluble dispersion of styrene-butadiene rubber as a binder, and 1 part by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose as a thickener in an appropriate amount of water
- the mixture was sufficiently kneaded to prepare a negative electrode mixture.
- a negative electrode mixture was applied to a negative electrode current collector made of a strip-shaped copper foil having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m. The applied negative electrode mixture was dried at an ambient temperature of 110 ° C. for 30 minutes and then rolled once.
- a negative electrode lead made of nickel was welded to the negative electrode current collector by spot welding.
- an insulating sheet made of polypropylene was put on the negative electrode lead so as to sandwich the negative electrode lead. In this way, a negative electrode plate having a width of 58 mm, a length of 750 mm, and a thickness of 0.15 mm was obtained.
- a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a pair of separators were stacked and wound so that a group of electrode plates wound in a spiral shape was formed.
- a polyethylene microporous film having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m was used as a separator.
- the end of winding of the electrode plate group was fixed with a heat-sensitive adhesive tape (manufactured by Nitta, Intellimer tape, warm-off type, switching temperature: 50 ° C.). The adhesive force of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape is lost by heating, but is recovered by cooling.
- Example 1 After measuring the dry weight (including the weight of the lead) of the electrode plate group, the electrode plate group was put in an outer case and heated at 60 ° C. for 1 hour in a thermostatic bath. Thus, a battery sample A of Example 1 was obtained. In addition, since it was necessary to take out the electrode plate group from the outer case and measure the amount of electrolyte impregnation, welding of the positive electrode lead to the sealing plate and welding of the negative electrode lead to the outer case were not performed.
- the battery sample A was gradually cooled to room temperature, and 3 ml of an electrolyte solution was injected into the outer case of the battery sample A.
- an electrolyte solution containing LiPF 6 at a concentration of 1.2 mol / liter was used as the electrolyte solution.
- a solvent for the non-aqueous electrolyte a mixed solvent containing ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate in a volume ratio of 2: 8 was used.
- the battery sample A After injection of the electrolytic solution, the battery sample A was allowed to stand under atmospheric pressure. After standing for 5 minutes, the electrode plate group was taken out of the outer case and the weight of the electrode plate group was quickly measured. Thereafter, the electrode plate group was put in the outer case again, and 1 ml of electrolyte was additionally injected into the outer case. Then, the battery sample A was left still for 25 minutes under atmospheric pressure. After standing for 25 minutes, the weight of the electrode group was measured. The electrode plate group was put into the outer case again, and after standing for 30 minutes, the weight of the electrode plate group was measured.
- the weight of the electrode plate group was measured after 5 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes after injection of the electrolyte.
- the amount of electrolyte absorbed was calculated by comparing the measured weight with the dry weight. The results are shown in Table 1. The measurement was performed on two battery samples A.
- Comparative Example 1 A battery sample B according to Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a normal adhesive tape was used instead of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape (Intellimer tape).
- a typical adhesive tape has a substrate made of polyphenylene sulfide and a layer of adhesive made of butyl acrylate. Furthermore, for battery sample B, the weight of the electrode plate group was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the amount of electrolyte absorbed was calculated.
- Comparative Example 2 As the battery sample C of Comparative Example 2, the same battery sample B of Comparative Example 1 was prepared.
- the comparative example 2 is different from the comparative example 1 in that after the electrolyte solution is injected into the outer case, a decompression process is performed. Specifically, after injecting 3 ml of the electrolyte into the outer case, the battery sample C was placed in a desiccator and allowed to stand for 1 minute under a reduced pressure of 260 mmHg, and then removed from the desiccator and allowed to stand at atmospheric pressure. After standing for 4 minutes, the electrode plate group was taken out of the outer case and the weight of the electrode plate group was quickly measured. Thereafter, the weight of the electrode plate group was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the amount of electrolyte absorbed was calculated.
- the absorption amount of the battery sample A was the largest at any timing. This is presumably because loosening occurred in the electrode plate group due to a decrease in the adhesive force of the heat-sensitive adhesive tape.
- the absorption amount of battery sample B and battery sample C was smaller than the absorption amount of battery sample A. Since battery sample C was allowed to stand under reduced pressure after injection of the electrolyte, the amount of electrolyte absorbed was larger than that of battery sample B that was allowed to stand at atmospheric pressure.
- the following effects can be expected.
- a phenomenon occurs in which the electrolyte is discharged from the electrode plate group due to expansion of the active material during charging.
- the electrolyte returns to the electrode plate group when the active material contracts during discharge. If the electrolytic solution does not return to the electrode plate group, a region that is not wetted with the electrolytic solution on the electrode plate, that is, a region that does not contribute to discharge may occur.
- moderate looseness occurs in the electrode plate group, it is predicted that the electrolyte discharged from the electrode plate group during charging can return smoothly to the electrode plate group during discharging.
- an improvement in charge / discharge characteristics of the lithium ion battery, and an improvement in cycle life can be expected.
- a high-capacity material such as silicon
- electrolyte tends to be discharged from the electrode plate group during charging. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to a lithium ion battery using a high capacity material, there is a possibility that a higher effect can be enjoyed.
- the lithium ion secondary battery produced by the method of the present invention is useful as a power source for various electronic devices such as portable audio devices, mobile phones, and laptop computers.
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Abstract
Description
正極板、セパレータ及び負極板を準備する工程と、
渦状に巻回された極板群が形成されるように、前記正極板、前記セパレータ及び前記負極板を組み合わせる工程と、
加熱又は冷却によって接着力が低下する特性を有する感熱性粘着剤を使用して、前記極板群の巻き終り部を固定する工程と、
前記極板群を外装ケースに入れた後、前記感熱性粘着剤の接着力が低下することによって前記極板群が緩むように、前記極板群の周囲の温度を調節する工程と、
前記外装ケースに電解液を注入する工程と、
を含む、リチウムイオン電池の製造方法を提供する。
正極活物質としてLiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2を100重量部、導電材としてアセチレンブラックを5重量部、結着材としてポリフッ化ビニリデンを固形分で5重量部の割合で適量のN-メチル-2-ピロリドンに加え、混合物を十分に混練して正極合材を調製した。厚さ15μmの帯状のアルミニウム箔でできた正極集電体に正極合材を塗布した。塗布した正極合材を雰囲気温度90℃で10分間乾燥させ、その後、3回圧延した。正極集電体にアルミニウム製の正極リードをスポット溶接により溶接した。内部短絡を防止するために、正極リードを挟む形でポリプロピレン製の絶縁シートを正極リードに被せた。このようにして、幅56mm、長さ660mm、厚さ0.13mmの寸法を有する正極板を得た。
感熱性粘着テープ(インテリマーテープ)に代えて、通常の粘着テープを用いた点を除き、実施例1と同様にして比較例1に係る電池サンプルBを得た。通常の粘着テープは、ポリフェニレンサルファイドでできた基材と、アクリル酸ブチルでできた粘着剤の層とを有する。さらに、電池サンプルBについて、実施例1と同様にして極板群の重量を測定し、電解液の吸収量を算出した。
比較例2の電池サンプルCとして、比較例1の電池サンプルBと同一のものを準備した。比較例2は、電解液を外装ケースに注入した後、減圧処理を行った点で比較例1と相違する。具体的には、外装ケースに3mlの電解液を注入した後、電池サンプルCをデシケータに入れて260mmHgの減圧下で1分間静置し、その後、デシケータから取り出して大気圧下に静置した。4分間の静置後、極板群を外装ケースから取り出して極板群の重量を素早く測定した。その後は、実施例1と同様にして極板群の重量を測定し、電解液の吸収量を算出した。
Claims (9)
- 正極板、セパレータ及び負極板を準備する工程と、
渦状に巻回された極板群が形成されるように、前記正極板、前記セパレータ及び前記負極板を組み合わせる工程と、
加熱又は冷却によって接着力が低下する特性を有する感熱性粘着剤を使用して、前記極板群の巻き終り部を固定する工程と、
前記極板群を外装ケースに入れた後、前記感熱性粘着剤の接着力が低下することによって前記極板群が緩むように、前記極板群の周囲の温度を調節する工程と、
前記外装ケースに電解液を注入する工程と、
を含む、リチウムイオン電池の製造方法。 - 前記感熱性粘着剤は、設定温度よりも高い温度で接着力が低下又は実質的に失われるウォームオフタイプのものである、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池の製造方法。
- 前記セパレータがポリオレフィン製の微多孔膜を含み、
前記設定温度が前記微多孔膜のシャットダウン温度よりも低く、
前記温度調節工程において、前記極板群の周囲の温度を前記設定温度よりも高く、前記シャットダウン温度よりも低い温度に保持する、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン電池の製造方法。 - 前記設定温度が40℃~120℃の温度領域に存在する、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン電池の製造方法。
- 前記設定温度が50℃以上80℃未満の温度領域に存在する、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン電池の製造方法。
- 前記感熱性粘着剤がアクリル樹脂を主成分として含む樹脂組成物で構成され、
前記アクリル樹脂の融点を含む特定の温度領域よりも高い温度で前記感熱性粘着剤の接着力が実質的に失われ、前記特定の温度領域よりも低い温度で前記感熱性粘着剤の接着力が発揮される、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン電池の製造方法。 - 前記感熱性粘着剤は、設定温度よりも低い温度で接着力が低下又は実質的に失われるクールオフタイプのものである、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池の製造方法。
- 前記固定工程において、基材と、前記基材の上に形成された前記感熱性粘着剤の層とを有する感熱性粘着テープを使用する、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池の製造方法。
- 前記極板群を前記外装ケースに入れる前の段階で、前記極板群が前記外装ケースの内径の90%以上の外径を有する、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン電池の製造方法。
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