WO2012066665A1 - 車両および車両の制御方法 - Google Patents
車両および車両の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012066665A1 WO2012066665A1 PCT/JP2010/070566 JP2010070566W WO2012066665A1 WO 2012066665 A1 WO2012066665 A1 WO 2012066665A1 JP 2010070566 W JP2010070566 W JP 2010070566W WO 2012066665 A1 WO2012066665 A1 WO 2012066665A1
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- charging
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 101150049032 ACL1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101100448894 Arabidopsis thaliana GLR3.1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101100054598 Hordeum vulgare ACL1.2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101150023061 acpP gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101001099569 Aspergillus oryzae (strain ATCC 42149 / RIB 40) Pectin lyase 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000652 nickel hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAINIUMDFURPJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxatomide Chemical compound O=C1NC2=CC=CC=C2N1CCCN(CC1)CCN1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BAINIUMDFURPJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
- B60L2260/58—Departure time prediction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
- B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
- B60L2270/12—Emission reduction of exhaust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/24—Energy storage means
- B60W2710/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
- B60W2710/248—Current for loading or unloading
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/40—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries adapted for charging from various sources, e.g. AC, DC or multivoltage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle and a vehicle control method, and more specifically, to a vehicle charge control capable of charging an in-vehicle power storage device using electric power from external power.
- a vehicle that is mounted with a power storage device (for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor) and travels by using a driving force generated from electric power stored in the power storage device as an environment-friendly vehicle.
- a power storage device for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor
- Such vehicles include, for example, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, and the like.
- the technique which charges the electrical storage apparatus mounted in these vehicles with a commercial power source with high electric power generation efficiency is proposed.
- a vehicle capable of charging an in-vehicle power storage device (hereinafter also simply referred to as “external charging”) from a power source outside the vehicle (hereinafter also simply referred to as “external power source”).
- external charging an in-vehicle power storage device
- external power source a power source outside the vehicle
- plug-in hybrid vehicle is known in which a power storage device can be charged from a general household power source by connecting an outlet provided in a house and a charging port provided in the vehicle with a charging cable. Yes. This can be expected to increase the fuel consumption efficiency of the hybrid vehicle.
- the power storage device be in a fully charged state as much as possible by the next scheduled driving time when external charging is performed.
- Patent Document 1 in charge control of an electric vehicle battery, the maximum controllable time determined from the current time and the next scheduled travel time is determined from the remaining capacity of the battery and the reference charge current value.
- a configuration is disclosed in which the charging current value is increased within the allowable maximum current value when the charging time is shorter than the required charging time.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-146505 (Patent Document 1), with such a configuration, even when the time from the charging start instruction to the scheduled traveling time is short, the battery is made as close to full charge as possible. Can do.
- Patent Document 1 In the configuration of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-146505 (Patent Document 1), the charging of the battery depends only on the power supply from the external power source transmitted by the charging cable. The allowable maximum current value is limited by the capacity of the charging cable or the external power source.
- the present invention relates to a vehicle capable of charging an installed power storage device using power from an external power source and power generated by driving an internal combustion engine, so that the power storage device is fully charged at the next scheduled travel time. Is to increase the possibilities.
- a vehicle according to the present invention is a vehicle capable of external charging for charging a power storage device mounted using electric power from an external power source, and includes a power generation device and a control device for controlling external charging.
- the control device charges the power storage device using the generated power generated by the power generation device as needed in addition to the power from the external power source during external charging.
- control device determines whether or not to perform charging using the generated power based on the target charging time set by the user.
- the control device when it is estimated that the charging is not completed only by the power from the external power source within the set charging target time, the control device lacks the power from the external power source among the required charging power. Electric power is generated using a power generator.
- the control device when it is estimated that charging is not completed with only power from the external power source within the set charging target time, the control device performs charging using the generated power together and charging time according to the setting from the user. Select one of the extensions.
- the power generation device can set the generated power variably.
- the control device controls the power generation device so that insufficient power is generated within the set charging target time.
- the remaining charging power of the required charging power is set to the charging target time specified using only the power from the external power source. If the battery can be charged, the power generation by the power generator is stopped.
- the power generation device includes an internal combustion engine and a rotating electrical machine that generates power using a driving force from the internal combustion engine.
- the apparatus further includes a warm-up device for raising the temperature of the catalyst for purifying the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
- the control device drives the warm-up device to raise the temperature of the catalyst prior to driving the internal combustion engine.
- control device drives the internal combustion engine when the catalyst exceeds a predetermined reference temperature.
- control device stops the warm-up device when the catalyst exceeds a predetermined reference temperature.
- the power generation device includes a fuel cell.
- the vehicle further includes notification means for notifying the user of information related to charging.
- the control device when it is estimated that charging is not completed only with power from the external power source within the set charging target time, the control device performs either one of charging using the generated power and extension of the charging time.
- the user is notified of the selection by the notification means.
- the control device when it is estimated that the charging is not completed within the set charging target time even when the charging is performed using the generated power together, the control device does not complete the charging within the charging target time, and the charging is not performed.
- the notification means notifies the user of at least one of the estimated charging time required for completion.
- a vehicle control method is a vehicle control method capable of charging an in-vehicle power storage device using electric power from an external power source and generated electric power from an in-vehicle power generation device, and is a target charging time by a user.
- the method includes the step of charging the power storage device using both the power from the external power source and the generated power.
- the power generation device includes an internal combustion engine and a rotating electrical machine that generates power using a driving force from the internal combustion engine.
- the vehicle includes a warm-up device for raising the temperature of a catalyst for purifying exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine.
- the control method further includes a step of driving the warm-up device to raise the temperature of the catalyst prior to driving the internal combustion engine when charging using the generated power in combination is performed.
- the vehicle further includes notifying means for notifying the user of information related to charging, and the control method does not complete charging only with electric power from the external power source within the set charging target time.
- the control method does not complete charging only with electric power from the external power source within the set charging target time.
- it is further provided with a step of notifying the user of selecting either one of charging using the generated power together and extension of the charging time.
- the charging is not completed within the charging target time and the charging is completed.
- the method further comprises a step of notifying the user of at least one of the required predicted charging time by a notification means.
- the power storage device in a vehicle capable of charging an installed power storage device using power from an external power source and power generated by driving an internal combustion engine, the power storage device is fully charged at the next scheduled travel time. The possibility of being able to be increased.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram showing a charging system including a vehicle according to a first embodiment.
- Fig. 12 is an overall block diagram showing another example of a charging system including a vehicle according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a first diagram for illustrating an outline of charge control in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a second diagram for illustrating the outline of charge control in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a third diagram for describing the outline of the charge control in the first embodiment.
- it is a functional block diagram for demonstrating the charge control performed by vehicle ECU.
- Embodiment 1 it is a flowchart for demonstrating the charge control process performed by vehicle ECU. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the detail of step S120 and S130 in the flowchart of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an overall block diagram showing a charging system including a vehicle according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram showing a charging system 10 including a vehicle 100 according to the first embodiment.
- vehicle 100 includes a power storage device 110, a system main relay (SMR) 115, a drive control unit (PCU) 120, motor generators 130 and 135, and power.
- PCU 120 includes a converter 121, inverters 122 and 123, and capacitors C1 and C2.
- the power storage device 110 is a power storage element configured to be chargeable / dischargeable.
- the power storage device 110 includes, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel hydride battery, or a lead storage battery, or a power storage element such as an electric double layer capacitor.
- the power storage device 110 is connected to the PCU 120 via the power line PL1 and the ground line NL1. Then, power storage device 110 supplies power for generating driving force of vehicle 100 to PCU 120. Power storage device 110 stores the electric power generated by motor generators 130 and 135. The output of power storage device 110 is, for example, about 200V.
- the relays included in the SMR 115 are inserted into the power line PL1 and the ground line NL1 that connect the power storage device 110 and the PCU 120, respectively.
- SMR 115 switches between power supply and cutoff between power storage device 110 and PCU 120 based on control signal SE ⁇ b> 1 from vehicle ECU 300.
- Converter 121 performs voltage conversion between power line PL1 and ground line NL1, power line PL2 and ground line NL1, based on control signal PWC from vehicle ECU 300.
- Inverters 122 and 123 are connected in parallel to power line PL2 and ground line NL1. Inverters 122 and 123 convert DC power supplied from converter 121 to AC power based on control signals PWI1 and PWI2 from vehicle ECU 300, respectively, and drive motor generators 130 and 135, respectively.
- Capacitor C1 is provided between power line PL1 and ground line NL1, and reduces voltage fluctuation between power line PL1 and ground line NL1.
- Capacitor C2 is provided between power line PL2 and ground line NL1, and reduces voltage fluctuation between power line PL2 and ground line NL1.
- Motor generators 130 and 135 are AC rotating electric machines, for example, permanent magnet type synchronous motors having a rotor in which permanent magnets are embedded.
- the output torque of the motor generators 130 and 135 is transmitted to the drive wheels 150 via the power transmission gear 140 configured to include a speed reducer and a power split mechanism, thereby causing the vehicle 100 to travel.
- Motor generators 130 and 135 can generate electric power by the rotational force of drive wheels 150 during regenerative braking operation of vehicle 100. Then, the generated power is converted into charging power for power storage device 110 by PCU 120.
- the motor generators 130 and 135 are also coupled to the engine 160 through the power transmission gear 140. Then, the vehicle ECU 300 cooperatively operates the motor generators 130 and 135 and the engine 160 to generate a necessary vehicle driving force. Further, motor generators 130 and 135 can generate electric power by rotation of engine 160, and can charge power storage device 110 using the generated electric power.
- motor generator 135 is used exclusively as an electric motor for driving drive wheels 150, and motor generator 130 is used exclusively as a generator driven by engine 160. That is, in the first embodiment, motor generator 130 and engine 160 correspond to the “power generation device” in the present invention.
- FIG. 1 a configuration in which two motor generators are provided is shown as an example.
- the number of motor generators is not limited to this as long as the configuration includes a motor generator capable of generating power with the engine 160.
- there is one generator, or more than two motor generators may be provided.
- Engine 160 is controlled by a control signal DRV from vehicle ECU 300 such as a rotational speed, a valve opening / closing timing, and a fuel flow rate.
- a control signal DRV from vehicle ECU 300 such as a rotational speed, a valve opening / closing timing, and a fuel flow rate.
- the exhaust pipe 190 is coupled to the exhaust port of the engine 160 and discharges exhaust gas generated by the engine 160 to the outside of the vehicle.
- the EHC 180 is installed in the middle part of the exhaust pipe 190.
- the EHC 180 includes a so-called three-way catalyst unit, and removes harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas.
- EHC 180 raises the temperature of the three-way catalyst contained therein using electric power supplied from EHC drive unit 170 controlled by control signal SIG from vehicle ECU 300.
- the three-way catalyst cannot fully exhibit its function as a catalyst unless the activation temperature is exceeded.
- the ECH 180 raises the temperature of the three-way catalyst using the electric power supplied from the EHC driving unit 170, so that the three-way catalyst can exhibit its function as a catalyst at an early stage.
- EHC 180 further includes a temperature sensor (not shown), detects catalyst temperature TMP, and outputs the detection result to vehicle ECU 300.
- the vehicle ECU 300 controls the supply of electric power to the EHC 180 by the EHC drive unit 170 based on the catalyst temperature TMP.
- the EHC driving unit 170 is connected to the power storage device 110 and is connected to the EHC 180 through the power line PL3 and the ground line NL3.
- the EHC driving unit 170 generates electric power for driving the EHC 180 using electric power from the power storage device 110 and switches between supply and interruption of electric power to the EHC 180.
- the EHC 180 includes, for example, a DC / DC converter, an inverter, or a relay.
- the I / F unit 250 performs an interface between the user and the vehicle ECU 300.
- the I / F unit 250 includes an input unit for inputting an instruction from the user and a display unit for displaying the status of each device unit and an alarm to the user.
- I / F unit 250 transmits operation signal OPE from the user input by the input unit to vehicle ECU 300.
- I / F unit 250 displays the display content for the user on the display unit based on display signal DSP from vehicle ECU 300.
- the vehicle ECU 300 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device, and an input / output buffer (not shown in FIG. 1), and inputs signals from each sensor and outputs control signals to each device.
- the vehicle 100 and each device are controlled. Note that these controls are not limited to processing by software, and can be processed by dedicated hardware (electronic circuit).
- Vehicle ECU 300 calculates a state of charge (SOC) of power storage device 110 based on the detected values of voltage VB and current IB from a voltage sensor and a current sensor (both not shown) provided in power storage device 110. To do.
- SOC state of charge
- Vehicle ECU 300 generates and outputs a control signal for controlling PCU 120, SMR 115, and the like.
- the vehicle ECU 300 is provided with a single control device.
- a control device for the PCU 120 or a control device for the power storage device 110 is individually provided for each function or control target device. It is good also as a structure which provides this control apparatus.
- Vehicle 100 includes a connection unit 220, a charging device 200, and a charging relay CHR 210 as a configuration for charging power storage device 110 with electric power from external power supply 500.
- the charging connector 410 of the charging cable 400 is connected to the connecting part 220. Then, electric power from external power supply 500 is transmitted to vehicle 100 via charging cable 400.
- the charging cable 400 includes, in addition to the charging connector 410, a plug 420 for connecting to the outlet 510 of the external power source 500, and an electric wire portion 430 for connecting the charging connector 410 and the plug 420.
- a charging circuit breaker hereinafter also referred to as a CCID (Charging Circuit Interrupt Device)) 440 for switching between supply and interruption of power from the external power supply 500 is inserted in the electric wire portion 430.
- the charging device 200 is connected to the connection unit 220 via the power lines ACL1 and ACL2. Charging device 200 is connected to power storage device 110 through CHR 210 by power line PL2 and ground line NL2.
- the charging device 200 is controlled by a control signal PWD from the vehicle ECU 300, and converts AC power supplied from the connection unit 220 into charging power for the power storage device 110.
- CHR 210 is controlled by a control signal SE2 from vehicle ECU 300, and switches between supplying and stopping charging power from charging device 200 to power storage device 110.
- FIG. 1 the case where the charging cable 400 is directly connected to the external power source 500 by being connected to the outlet 510 has been described as an example, but power is supplied between the charging cable 400 and the external power source 500.
- An apparatus may be provided.
- FIG. 2 shows an overall block diagram of an example of the charging system 10 ⁇ / b> A in the case where the power feeding device 550 is provided between the charging cable 400 and the external power source 500.
- vehicle 100A further includes a communication unit 260 for communicating with power feeding device 550 in addition to the configuration of vehicle 100 in FIG. 1.
- the power feeding device 550 includes a relay 551, a connection unit 552, a power feeding ECU 553, an I / F unit 554, and a communication unit 555.
- connection unit 552 is connected to external power supply 500 via relay 551.
- the relay 551 is controlled by the power supply ECU 553 to switch between power supply from the external power supply 500 to the charging cable 400 and cutoff.
- the communication unit 555 can exchange signals with the communication unit 260 of the vehicle 100A. Note that communication between the communication unit 555 and the communication unit 260 may be wireless communication or wired communication via a control line included in the charging cable 400.
- the I / F unit 554 inputs an operation signal from the user and displays an alarm or the like to the user.
- Various settings for external charging from the user can be performed in any of the I / F unit 250 included in the vehicle 100 ⁇ / b> A and the I / F unit 554 included in the power supply device 550.
- the next scheduled driving time or target time for completion of charging may be set by the user.
- the vehicle ECU controls the charging start time, the charging power supplied from the charging device, and the like so that the power storage device is fully charged at the set target time.
- the charging time from the current time to the completion of charging may be set to a short time.
- the power storage device cannot be fully charged by a set time due to limitations on the allowable current capacity that can be transmitted by the charging cable and the allowable power capacity that can be supplied from the external power source. .
- the emission of CO2 and vehicle exhaust gas may be restricted depending on the region.
- EV Electric Vehicle
- the power storage device in a hybrid vehicle that can be charged with electric power from an external power source and can generate power by driving an installed engine, the power storage device is fully charged in a short time.
- charging control for charging the power storage device in a short time is performed using electric power generated by driving the engine in addition to electric power from the external power source.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an outline of the charging control in the first embodiment.
- time is shown on the horizontal axis
- SOC of the power storage device is shown on the vertical axis.
- the charging completion target time set by the user is, for example, time t3 and the charging time TC2 from the start of charging to the completion of charging is shorter than TC1 (TC1> TC2), the power from the external power supply Alone, the power storage device cannot be fully charged at the charge completion target time.
- the power that is insufficient with only the power from the external power supply (region in FIG. 3) so that the power storage device is fully charged at time t3 that is the target time for completion of charging set by the user. AR1) is supplemented by the generated power using the engine.
- the temperature of the catalyst for purifying the exhaust gas is lower than the activation temperature, the exhaust gas cannot be sufficiently purified. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the temperature of the catalyst is raised prior to driving the engine using EHC. When the catalyst temperature reaches the activation temperature (time t2 in FIG. 3), the engine is started. In this way, even when the engine is driven during external charging, the exhaust gas can be appropriately purified.
- the generated power using the engine generally depends on the setting of the PCU and the rotation speed of the motor generator (that is, the engine rotation speed). As a general rule, it is desirable that the PCU and the engine be driven so that the maximum power generation efficiency is achieved at the engine speed with the best fuel efficiency. However, when the generated power required is larger than the power that can be generated under the above optimum conditions, it is also possible to increase the generated power while sacrificing efficiency to some extent. For example, when the charging completion target time set by the user is a time when the charging time is shorter (for example, time t3A in FIG. 3), the engine is used as indicated by a dashed curve W3 in FIG. Increase the generated power. Thus, desired generated power can be generated by adapting the engine drive state according to the insufficient charge power.
- the power generation amount (or engine rotation speed) using the engine is limited to a predetermined level.
- the charging time at the charging completion target time t13 set by the user is more than the charging time at the charging completion time when using the maximum power generation amount by the engine (time t13A in FIG. 4).
- time t13 When it is short (time t13), it is necessary to extend the charging time until time t13A or time t14 when only the power from the external power source is used.
- the user is informed that charging is not completed within the set charging time, and whether to stop power generation using the engine or to extend the charging time. Can be selected by the user.
- the engine in the engine combined period, the engine is driven so that the generated power using the engine becomes the maximum within the allowable range (or under the condition that the power generation efficiency is the best) (
- the remaining charging power can be obtained only from the external power source at times t22 to t22A) in FIG. 5, the engine is stopped in the middle of the external charging period, and thereafter, only the power from the external power source is used. You may make it charge.
- the engine drive time can be shortened, and thus there is an advantage that it is possible to prevent exhaust gas emission and noise generation over a long period of time.
- the first embodiment it is not always necessary to use power generation using the engine in combination even when charging is not completed with only power from the external power source within the set charging time. For example, when the user does not want to consume fuel by the engine, the user can perform charging using power from an external power source by extending the charging time. Therefore, in the first embodiment, whether or not to perform charging using the engine together is set as a mode in advance, or if charging is not completed within the set charging time with only power from the external power source. When the determination is made, the user's selection is prompted via the I / F unit.
- FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram for illustrating charge control executed by vehicle ECU 300 in the first embodiment. Each functional block described in the block diagram illustrated in FIG. 6 is realized by hardware or software processing in vehicle ECU 300.
- vehicle ECU 300 includes an SOC calculation unit 310, a setting input unit 320, a charging time calculation unit 330, a charge control unit 340, a display control unit 350, and an engine control unit 360. And an EHC control unit 370.
- SOC calculation unit 310 receives detection values of voltage VB and current IB of power storage device 110 detected by a sensor included in power storage device 110. SOC calculation unit 310 calculates the SOC of power storage device 110 based on these pieces of information, and outputs the calculation result to charge time calculation unit 330 and charge control unit 340.
- the setting input unit 320 receives a user operation signal OPE set via the I / F unit.
- the operation signal OPE includes the next scheduled traveling time or the target charging completion time, information on whether or not to use the engine 160 in combination, and the like.
- the setting input unit 320 outputs the setting information SET included in the received operation signal OPE to the charging time calculation unit 330.
- the charging time calculation unit 330 receives the SOC from the SOC calculation unit 310, the setting information SET from the setting input unit 320, and the power supply voltage VEX supplied from the external power source 500.
- power supply voltage VEX supplied from external power supply 500 for example, a voltage detected by a voltage sensor (not shown) connected between power lines ACL1 and ACL2 may be used, or a predetermined reference voltage may be used. A value may be used.
- the charging cable 400 includes the CCID 440
- the CCID 440 may be temporarily closed to detect the power supply voltage VEX prior to the actual charging operation that drives the charging device 200.
- the charging time calculation unit 330 calculates the charging time required when only the power from the external power source 500 is used based on these pieces of information. Then, the charging time calculation unit 330 compares the calculated required charging time with the charging target time determined from the user setting, and determines whether or not charging can be completed with only the power from the external power source 500 within the charging target time. Determine.
- the display control unit 330 350 When it is determined that the charging time calculation unit 330 cannot complete charging only with the electric power from the external power source 500 and it is necessary to use the generated power using the engine 160 together, the display control unit 330 350 notifies the user to that effect.
- the charging time calculation unit 330 outputs the charging signal CHG to the charging control unit 340 and the engine control unit 360 when the combined use of the engine 160 is requested by a preset charging mode or an input from the user.
- the engine drive signal ENG is output to This engine drive signal ENG includes, for example, the engine rotation speed and engine drive time during power generation.
- charging time calculation unit 330 outputs temperature increase signal INC to EHC control unit 370 in order to increase the temperature of the catalyst.
- the charging time calculation unit 330 does not output drive signals to the engine control unit 360 and the EHC control unit 370.
- the charging signal CHG is output to the charging control unit 340.
- the charging control unit 340 receives the SOC calculated by the SOC calculating unit 310 and the charging signal CHG from the charging time calculating unit 330. Based on these pieces of information, charging control unit 340 generates control signals PWD and SE2 to control charging device 200 and CHR 210. Thereby, power storage device 110 is charged using the power from external power supply 500.
- charging control unit 340 When power generation using engine 160 is also used, charging control unit 340 generates control signal PWC, PWI1, PWI2 for converter 121 and inverters 122, 123 included in PCU 120, and control signal SE1 for SMR 115. To do. Thereby, charging control unit 340 controls converter 121, inverters 122, 123 and SMR 115 to charge power storage device 110 using the electric power generated by motor generator 130.
- the display control unit 350 receives the display information INF from the charging time calculation unit 330. Based on the display information INF, the display control unit 350 outputs a control signal DSP to the I / F unit 250 (and the I / F unit 554 of the power feeding device 550 in FIG. 2) to the user. Display notification information.
- Engine control unit 360 receives engine drive signal ENG from charging time calculation unit 330.
- the engine control unit 360 outputs a control signal DRV to the engine 160 based on this information, and controls opening / closing timing of a valve included in the engine 160, a fuel flow rate, and the like.
- the EHC control unit 370 receives the temperature increase signal INC from the charging time calculation unit 330 and the catalyst temperature TMP from the temperature sensor included in the EHC 180.
- the EHC control unit 370 is a case where power generation using the engine 160 is used together, and when the catalyst temperature TMP is lower than the activation temperature, the EHC drive unit 170 is controlled by the control signal SIG before the engine 160 is driven. The temperature of the catalyst is raised by EHC 180 under control.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for illustrating a charging control process executed by vehicle ECU 300 in the first embodiment.
- Each step in the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 described later is realized by executing a program stored in advance in vehicle ECU 300 at a predetermined cycle.
- dedicated hardware electronic circuit
- vehicle ECU 300 determines in step (hereinafter abbreviated as S) 100 whether charging cable 400 is connected to external power supply 500 or not.
- vehicle ECU 300 acquires charge completion target time Tin set by the user via I / F unit 250. Then, in S120, vehicle ECU 300 completes charging of power storage device 110 within the charging target time determined from charging completion target time Tin acquired in S110 using only power from external power supply 500 using charging cable 400. It is determined whether or not to do.
- vehicle ECU 300 uses power generation using engine 160 together. It is determined whether or not charging of power storage device 110 can be completed within the target charging time.
- the process proceeds to S135, and vehicle ECU 300 cannot complete charging within the target time.
- the shortest charging time during which the power storage device 110 can be fully charged using power generation using the engine 160 is displayed on the I / F unit 250, and the process proceeds to S140.
- vehicle ECU 300 obtains information on whether or not to perform combined use of power generation using engine 160 based on the user's input.
- This user input includes input to the I / F unit 250 by the user and input of a mode set in advance by the user.
- vehicle ECU 300 provides information regarding the charging target time reset by the user, along with information related to the combined use of engine 160 described above. Also get.
- vehicle ECU 300 determines in S150 whether or not to use power generation using engine 160 together.
- vehicle ECU 300 When power generation using engine 160 is not used together (NO in S150), vehicle ECU 300 extends the charging target time to a charging time in which charging can be completed using only the electric power from external power source 500 in S155, A charging operation using the charging cable 400 is executed (S250).
- vehicle ECU 300 When power generation using engine 160 is also used (YES in S150), vehicle ECU 300 first starts a charging operation using charging cable 400 in S160. Then, vehicle ECU 300 starts raising the temperature of the catalyst by EHC 180 in S170, and determines whether or not catalyst temperature TMP has increased to the activation temperature in S180.
- catalyst temperature TMP has not risen to the activation temperature (NO in S180)
- the process returns to S180, and vehicle ECU 300 waits for catalyst temperature TMP to reach the activation temperature.
- vehicle ECU 300 stops the catalyst temperature rise by EHC 180 in S190.
- vehicle ECU 300 starts engine 160 and controls PCU 200 to charge power storage device 110 using electric power generated by motor generator 130 in addition to electric power from external power supply 500. .
- step S210 the vehicle ECU 300 determines whether or not the remaining power storage device can be charged by charging using only the charging cable 400.
- the process returns to S210, and vehicle ECU 300 continues the combined use of power generation using engine 160. Then, it waits until the charge capacity of the remaining power storage device can be executed by charging using only the charging cable 400.
- vehicle ECU 300 stops power generation using engine 160 in S220. Then, vehicle ECU 300 performs a charging operation using power from external power supply 500 until power storage device 110 is fully charged in S230.
- step S210 is applied when the engine 160 is stopped in the middle of external charging, as described with reference to FIG.
- S210 and S220 in FIG. 7 are skipped, and power storage device 110 is fully charged in S230.
- vehicle ECU 300 stops engine 160 at the same time as the charging operation using the electric power from external power source 500 ends in S240.
- vehicle ECU 300 subtracts current time Tnow from the acquired charging completion target time Tin in S121.
- the charging target time Tchg is calculated.
- vehicle ECU 300 obtains charging efficiency K of the charging operation using charging cable 400 by using a predetermined map or the like based on supply voltage VEX from external power supply 500.
- vehicle ECU 300 estimates charging time Tact in the case of a charging operation using only charging cable 400, using the remaining SOC of power storage device 110 and charging efficiency K.
- the vehicle ECU 300 determines in S124 whether or not the charging time Tact in the charging operation using only the charging cable 400 is equal to or longer than the charging target time Tchg.
- charging time Tact is smaller than charging target time Tchg (NO in S124)
- vehicle ECU 300 determines that power storage device 110 can be charged within the target time by a charging operation using only charging cable 400 ( S126). Thereafter, the process proceeds to S250, and the subsequent processes described in FIG. 7 are executed.
- charging time Tact is equal to or longer than charging target time Tchg (YES in S124)
- charging target time Tchg it is determined that charging of power storage device 110 is impossible within the target time by a charging operation using only charging cable 400 (S125).
- the process proceeds to S131.
- the vehicle ECU 300 calculates an insufficient charge amount ⁇ SOC that is insufficient in the charging operation using only the charging cable 400 within the target time.
- vehicle ECU 300 calculates engine operating time Teng necessary for power generation using engine 160 based on insufficient charge amount ⁇ SOC and predetermined engine charging efficiency E.
- the engine charging efficiency E can vary depending on the rotational speed of the engine 160 when generating power.
- the engine charging efficiency E is, for example, the charging efficiency at the fixed rotational speed is adopted when the rotational speed at the time of power generation is set to a fixed value, and is allowed when the rotational speed is variable. It is preferable to employ the maximum charging efficiency in the range of the rotation speed.
- vehicle ECU 300 determines in S133 whether engine operating time Teng is equal to or longer than charging target time Tchg.
- the power from the external power source and the generated power using the engine are used.
- the power storage device can be charged in a short time. At this time, the user can select whether or not to use the power generated by the engine together. Therefore, when the user does not want to consume the fuel, the user can perform charging using only the power from the external power source. it can. Further, when power generation using an engine is used in combination, exhaust gas from the engine can be efficiently processed by raising the temperature of the catalyst by EHC before starting the engine.
- FIG. 9 is an overall block diagram showing a charging system 10B including the vehicle 100B according to the second embodiment.
- fuel cell 165 is provided in place of engine 160 and motor generator 130 in the configuration of vehicle 100 shown in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment. Accordingly, in FIG. 9, the exhaust system device of the engine 160 is omitted. Further, a PCU 120B is provided instead of the PCU 120. In FIG. 9, the description of the elements overlapping with those in FIG. 1 will not be repeated.
- fuel cell 165 is connected to power storage device 110 via power line PL4 and ground line NL4. Fuel cell 165 is controlled by control signal SIG # from vehicle ECU 300 to generate power. Then, power storage device 110 is charged with the generated power.
- the target charging time set by the user is shorter than the time during which the power storage device 110 can be fully charged with only power using the external power source 500
- the power storage device 110 is charged by using the generated power generated using the fuel cell 165 together.
- a fuel cell generally generates electric power by burning hydrogen, so an exhaust catalyst is not required like an engine. Therefore, in the charge control processing described in FIGS. 6 to 8 of the first embodiment, except for the portion related to EHC, the configuration for generating power using the engine is changed to the configuration for generating power using the fuel cell. This is also applicable to the second embodiment.
- the “I / F unit 250” in the present embodiment is an example of the “notification unit” in the present invention. Further, “EHC 180” in the present embodiment is an example of “warm-up device” in the present invention.
- 10, 10A, 10B charging system 100, 100A, 100B vehicle, 110 power storage device, 115 SMR, 120 PCU, 130, 135 motor generator, 140 power transmission gear, 150 drive wheels, 160 engine, 165 fuel cell, 170 EHC drive Part, 180 EHC, 190 exhaust pipe, 200 charging device, 210 CHR, 220, 552 connection part, 250, 554 I / F part, 260, 555 communication part, 300 vehicle ECU, 310 SOC calculation part, 320 setting input part, 330 charging time calculation unit, 340 charging control unit, 350 display control unit, 360 engine control unit, 370 EHC control unit, 400 charging cable, 410 charging connector, 420 plug, 430 electric wire unit, 440 CC D, 500 external power supply, 510 outlets, 550 power feeding device, 551 relay, 553 power supply ECU, ACL1, ACL2, PL1 ⁇ PL4 power line, C1, C2 capacitor, NL1 ⁇ NL4 ground line.
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Abstract
Description
好ましくは、車両は、ユーザに対して、充電に関する情報を通知するための通知手段をさらに備える。
図1は、実施の形態1に従う車両100を含む充電システム10を示す全体ブロック図である。
実施の形態1においては、車両に搭載される発電装置としてエンジンとモータジェネレータを備える構成について説明した。実施の形態2においては、発電装置として、燃料電池を備える構成について説明する。
Claims (18)
- 外部電源(500)からの電力を用いて搭載された蓄電装置(110)を充電する外部充電が可能な車両であって、
発電装置(130,160;165)と、
前記外部充電を制御するための制御装置(300)とを備え、
前記制御装置(300)は、前記外部充電の際に、前記外部電源(500)からの電力に加えて、必要に応じて前記発電装置(130,160;165)により発電された発電電力を併用して前記蓄電装置(110)の充電をする、車両。 - 前記制御装置(300)は、ユーザにより設定される充電目標時間に基づいて、前記発電電力を併用した充電を実行するか否かを判定する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、設定された前記充電目標時間内に前記外部電源(500)からの電力のみでは充電が完了しないと推定される場合に、必要とされる充電電力のうち、前記外部電源(500)からの電力では不足する電力を、前記発電装置(130,160;165)を用いて発電する、請求の範囲第2項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、設定された前記充電目標時間内に前記外部電源(500)からの電力のみでは充電が完了しないと推定される場合に、ユーザからの設定によって、前記発電電力を併用した充電、および充電時間の延長のいずれか一方を選択する、請求の範囲第3項に記載の車両。
- 前記発電装置(130,160;165)は発電電力が可変に設定可能であり、
前記制御装置(300)は、設定された前記充電目標時間内に前記不足する電力が発電されるように、前記発電装置(130,160;165)を制御する、請求の範囲第3項に記載の車両。 - 前記制御装置(300)は、前記発電電力を併用した充電を行なっている場合に、必要とされる充電電力のうちの残余の充電電力を、前記外部電源(500)からの電力のみを用いて指定された前記充電目標時間内に充電可能な場合には、前記発電装置(130,160;165)による発電を停止する、請求の範囲第3項に記載の車両。
- 前記発電装置は、
内燃機関(160)と
前記内燃機関(160)からの駆動力を用いて発電を行なう回転電機(130)とを含む、請求の範囲第1項~第6項のいずれか1項に記載の車両。 - 前記内燃機関(160)の排気を浄化するための触媒を昇温するための暖機装置(180)をさらに備え、
前記制御装置(300)は、前記発電電力を併用した充電を実行する場合は、前記内燃機関(160)の駆動に先立って前記暖機装置(180)を駆動して前記触媒を昇温する、請求の範囲第7項に記載の車両。 - 前記制御装置(300)は、前記触媒が予め定められた基準温度を上回った場合は、前記内燃機関(160)を駆動する、請求の範囲第8項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記触媒が予め定められた基準温度を上回った場合は、前記暖機装置(180)を停止する、請求の範囲第8項に記載の車両。
- 前記発電装置は、燃料電池(165)を含む、請求の範囲第1項~第6項のいずれか1項に記載の車両。
- ユーザに対して、充電に関する情報を通知するための通知手段(250)をさらに備える、請求の範囲第2項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、設定された前記充電目標時間内に前記外部電源(500)からの電力のみでは充電が完了しないと推定される場合に、前記発電電力を併用した充電、および充電時間の延長のいずれか一方を選択することを、前記通知手段(250)によってユーザに通知する、請求の範囲第12項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記発電電力を併用した充電を行なっても設定された前記充電目標時間内に充電が完了しないと推定される場合は、前記充電目標時間内に充電が完了しないこと、および充電が完了するまでに必要とされる予測充電時間の少なくとも一方を、前記通知手段(250)によってユーザに通知する、請求の範囲第12項または第13項に記載の車両。
- 外部電源(500)からの電力および車載の発電装置(130,160;165)による発電電力を用いて、車載の蓄電装置(110)を充電することが可能な車両の制御方法であって、
ユーザによって充電目標時間を設定するステップ(S110)と、
前記充電目標時間内に、前記外部電源(500)からの電力のみを用いて前記蓄電装置(110)の充電が完了するか否かを判定するステップ(S120)と、
前記充電目標時間内に、前記外部電源(500)からの電力のみを用いて前記蓄電装置(110)の充電が完了できない場合は、前記外部電源(500)からの電力と前記発電電力とを併用して前記蓄電装置(110)の充電を行なうステップ(S200)とを備える、車両の制御方法。 - 前記発電装置は、
内燃機関(160)と
前記内燃機関(160)からの駆動力を用いて発電を行なう回転電機(130)とを含み、
前記車両(100)は、
前記内燃機関(160)の排気を浄化するための触媒を昇温するための暖機装置(180)を含み、
前記制御方法は、
前記発電電力を併用した充電を実行する場合は、前記内燃機関(160)の駆動に先立って前記暖機装置(180)を駆動して前記触媒を昇温するステップ(S170,S180)をさらに備える、請求の範囲第15項に記載の車両の制御方法。 - 前記車両は、
ユーザに対して、充電に関する情報を通知するための通知手段(250)をさらに含み、
前記制御方法は、
設定された前記充電目標時間内に前記外部電源(500)からの電力のみでは充電が完了しないと推定される場合に、前記発電電力を併用した充電、および充電時間の延長のいずれか一方を選択することを、前記通知手段(250)によってユーザに通知するステップ(S140)をさらに備える、請求の範囲第15項または第16項に記載の車両の制御方法。 - 前記発電電力を併用した充電を行なっても設定された前記充電目標時間内に充電が完了しないと推定される場合に、前記充電目標時間内に充電が完了しないこと、および充電が完了するまでに必要とされる予測充電時間の少なくとも一方を、前記通知手段(250)によってユーザに通知するステップ(S135)をさらに備える、請求の範囲第17項に記載の車両の制御方法。
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US20130293201A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 |
JP5661121B2 (ja) | 2015-01-28 |
CN102770303B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
EP2641772A4 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
CN102770303A (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
EP2641772B1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
EP2641772A1 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
US9030172B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 |
JPWO2012066665A1 (ja) | 2014-05-12 |
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