WO2012058957A2 - 淫羊藿多糖及其组分和它们用于疫苗佐剂的用途 - Google Patents

淫羊藿多糖及其组分和它们用于疫苗佐剂的用途 Download PDF

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WO2012058957A2
WO2012058957A2 PCT/CN2011/077915 CN2011077915W WO2012058957A2 WO 2012058957 A2 WO2012058957 A2 WO 2012058957A2 CN 2011077915 W CN2011077915 W CN 2011077915W WO 2012058957 A2 WO2012058957 A2 WO 2012058957A2
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epimedium
polysaccharide
component
yyh
sugar
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WO2012058957A3 (zh
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王玉霞
单俊杰
朱婷
贾培媛
武军华
赵修南
刁玉林
王晨宇
段丹丹
王佩瑞
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中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所
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Priority to JP2013536986A priority Critical patent/JP6034293B2/ja
Publication of WO2012058957A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012058957A2/zh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/39Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/04Immunostimulants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0003General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/555Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
    • A61K2039/55511Organic adjuvants
    • A61K2039/55583Polysaccharides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a polysaccharide extract of Epimedium, and in particular to an Epimedium total polysaccharide extracted from a Chinese herbal medicine Epimedium leaf and an acidic sugar component and a non-sugar component thereof, and the present invention also relates to the sexuality Use of alpaca total polysaccharide and its acidic sugar component and non-sugar component for vaccine adjuvants, vaccine compositions and antibody preparation. Background technique
  • Epimedium is a plant of Berberidaceae, which is often used to tonify kidney and strengthen yang, remove wind and detoxify and replenish qi. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Epimedium has antitussive, antispasmodic, antiasthmatic, antibacterial and other activities.
  • the main chemical components of Epimedium are flavonoids, lignin, alkaloids and polysaccharides. In recent years, the following literature reports on the effects of Epimedium polysaccharides on animal immune function, as follows:
  • Xu Ying et al. (Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 2000, 17 (6): 434 - 437) obtained epimedium polysaccharides by decoction, alcohol precipitation, washing and dialysis.
  • the polysaccharide was administered intraperitoneally to immunocompromised mice and tumor-bearing (S180) mice induced by cyclophosphamide, and the effects on immune function were observed.
  • the results showed that the polysaccharide 50, 25 mg / kg x 7d, can increase the spleen weight index, so that the decreased hemolysin value and the hemolytic ability of plaque forming cells rebounded, and the total number of falling white blood cells increased.
  • the immune function of mice after tumor-bearing tumors is low.
  • Subcutaneous injection of the polysaccharide 50 mg/kg ⁇ 8 d can counteract the decrease of thymus index caused by tumor-bearing mice, and make the hemolysin and plaque forming cells of tumor-bearing mice have hemolysis ability and late onset. Sensitivity has improved.
  • Zhang Shubin et al. (Gansu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, 2004, 28(4): 24-25) used the Ca(OH) 2 extraction process to prepare epimedium polysaccharide, and the sugar content was 73.68%.
  • the experimental results showed that the Newcastle disease vaccine of the polysaccharide chicken had obvious immune enhancement effect.
  • the HI antibody titer in the chicken serum was significantly higher than that of the control chicken, and the maintenance time was prolonged.
  • the positive rate of TAE lymphocyte ANAE has a corresponding trend of decline in HI antibody titer.
  • the inventors have unexpectedly found that the epimedium polysaccharide prepared by the present invention, as well as its polysaccharide and non-sugar components, have a good vaccine adjuvant action.
  • the present invention includes the following aspects:
  • the first aspect of the present invention relates to Epimedium polysaccharide (also referred to as Epimedium total polysaccharide) which is obtained by the following method:
  • the water extraction time is from 1 to 72 hours, depending on the leaching temperature. At room temperature, preferably 24 to 48 hours, in one embodiment of the invention, 48 hours;
  • step 2) The aqueous extract obtained in step 1) is subjected to ethanol precipitation, and the precipitate is added to water to dissolve, centrifuged, and the supernatant is taken for dialysis;
  • Epimedium polysaccharide according to the first aspect of the invention is characterized by any one or more of the following items (1) to (12):
  • the Epimedium leaves described in Step 1) are unextracted Epimedium leaves, or passed through organic solvents such as petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, diethyl ether, n-hexane, cyclohexane, and n-butyl a residue obtained after extraction with an alcohol, ethanol or methanol;
  • organic solvents such as petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, diethyl ether, n-hexane, cyclohexane, and n-butyl a residue obtained after extraction with an alcohol, ethanol or methanol;
  • Impurities such as chlorophyll and fat-soluble small molecule components can be removed by organic solvent extraction.
  • the temperature at which the organic solvent is leached is usually room temperature; the leaching time is 4 to 72 hours, preferably 12 to 48 hours, and in one embodiment of the present invention, 24 hours;
  • Step 1) The water used in the process is distilled water or deionized water;
  • the temperature for adding the water leaching is 4 to 60, preferably 20 to 60, more preferably 20 to 50X. Within this temperature range, the properties of the sugar are not destroyed, and as the temperature increases, the yield of sugar increases.
  • step 1) the Epimedium leaves obtained after leaching are subjected to one or more extractions under the same conditions, and the aqueous extracts are combined;
  • two leaching is performed.
  • Step 1) The amount of water used is 5-20 times (L/Kg) of Epimedium leaves;
  • step 1) stir during the leaching
  • step 1) the obtained aqueous extract is concentrated under reduced pressure at 50" ⁇ - 55" € to obtain a concentrated aqueous extract;
  • the conditions for ethanol precipitation are: the final concentration of ethanol after alcohol precipitation is 60 - 80%, for example 70-75%; preferably, the time of alcohol precipitation is more than 12 hours, for example 48-72 hours ;
  • step 2) the precipitate obtained by centrifugation of ethanol is further subjected to one or more ethanol precipitation;
  • the dialysis bag used for dialysis has a molecular weight cut-off of more than 1000;
  • step 2) dialysis is carried out with tap water and/or distilled water;
  • step 2) the dialysis time is 24 to 72 hours, and the dialysis is performed one or more times;
  • step 3 the obtained dialysate was concentrated under reduced pressure at 50 TC - 55 : before lyophilization.
  • the Epimedium polysaccharide is prepared by the following method:
  • Epimedium polysaccharide of the present invention is obtained by the following method:
  • the epimedium leaves are taken, and petroleum ether is added thereto to be immersed and soaked; filtered, and the filtrate is decompressed to recover the extract; after the leaching of Epimedium leaves is naturally dried, it is added with distilled water to be soaked therein, and then stirred occasionally;
  • the filtrate is centrifuged, and the extracted Epimedium leaves are subjected to the second extraction under the same conditions; the two extracted aqueous extracts are combined, concentrated under reduced pressure, and then 3 to 4 volumes of ethanol are added for alcohol precipitation; Centrifugation, adding water to the precipitated portion, stirring and dissolving, centrifuging, and then performing the same operation twice; combining the dissolved supernatant into a dialysis bag, the molecular weight cut off is >1000, and dialyzed with water; the obtained dialysate is concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the vial was placed in a freeze-dried manner to obtain the epimedium polysaccharide.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to an epimedium polysaccharide, or the epimedium polysaccharide according to any one of the first aspect of the invention, characterized in that
  • the sugar content is 25-45 % (calculated as glucose) and the uronic acid content is 5-20% (calculated as galacturonic acid); and / or
  • the sugar content is 35.60% (calculated as glucose) and the uronic acid content is 7.33% (calculated as galacturonic acid).
  • a third aspect of the invention relates to an epimedium acidic polysaccharide component obtained by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography of epimedium polysaccharide according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect of the invention
  • a fourth aspect of the invention relates to an epimedium acidic polysaccharide component, or an epimedium acidic polysaccharide component according to the third aspect of the invention, characterized in that:
  • rhamnose Containing rhamnose, fucose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose, galactose, and galacturonic acid; and, its molecular weight is 6000 ⁇ 20000.
  • An epimedium acidic polysaccharide component according to the fourth aspect of the present invention characterized in that (1) The sugar content is 45-65% (calculated as glucose) and the uronic acid content is 5-15% (calculated as galacturonic acid); and/or
  • the sugar content is 58.93 % (calculated as glucose) and the uronic acid content is 8.40% (calculated as galacturonic acid).
  • the method for measuring the sugar content is the sulfuric acid-phenol method; and the method for determining the uronic acid content (calculated as galacturonic acid) is the meta-hydroxybiphenyl method.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention relates to an epimedium non-sugar component which is obtained by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography of the epimedium polysaccharide according to any one of the first aspect or the second aspect of the invention
  • the elution fraction of 0.25mol / L NaHC0 3 was absorbed at 280 nm.
  • a sixth aspect of the invention relates to an epimedium non-sugar component, or an epimedium non-sugar component according to the fifth aspect of the invention, which is a non-sugar component of epimedium polysaccharide, the molecular weight of which is 2000 ⁇ 10000.
  • a seventh aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the epimedium polysaccharide and/or epimedium acidic polysaccharide component and/or epimedium non-sugar according to any one of the first to sixth aspects of the invention a component, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
  • An eighth aspect of the invention relates to a vaccine adjuvant comprising the epimedium polysaccharide and/or epimedium acidic polysaccharide component and/or epimedium non-sugar according to any one of the first to sixth aspects of the invention Component.
  • a ninth aspect of the invention relates to a vaccine preparation or vaccine composition
  • a vaccine preparation or vaccine composition comprising the epimedium polysaccharide and/or epimedium acidic polysaccharide component and/or kinky sheep of any one of the first to sixth aspects of the invention Non-sugar components.
  • a tenth aspect of the invention relates to the epimedium polysaccharide and/or epimedium acidic polysaccharide component and/or epimedium non-sugar component of any one of the first to sixth aspects of the invention for use in the preparation of a vaccine adjuvant Use of a vaccine formulation, vaccine composition or antibody.
  • the invention also relates to a method of preparing an antibody comprising using an effective amount of the invention
  • the step of the epimedium polysaccharide and/or the epimedium acidic polysaccharide component and/or the epimedium non-sugar component according to any one of the sixth aspect.
  • the invention further relates to an immunization method or method of inoculation comprising the step of administering to a mammal an effective amount of a vaccine formulation or vaccine composition.
  • the epimedium polysaccharide component refers to a different component isolated from the total polysaccharide of Epimedium.
  • it is an acidic sugar component thereof, such as YYH-G1.
  • it is a non-sugar component thereof, such as YYH-G4.
  • the vaccine comprises an attenuated vaccine, an inactivated vaccine, a protein vaccine, a DNA vaccine or a polypeptide vaccine.
  • the effective amount refers to a dose of a vaccine preparation or a vaccine composition which is administered to a mammal to achieve an immunological effect.
  • the invention extracts the total polysaccharide of Epimedium from the leaves of Epimedium by water leaching, and further extracts the polysaccharide component and the non-sugar component thereof, and identifies them, and further clarifies the components thereof.
  • the total polysaccharides and their polysaccharides and non-sugar components of Epimedium can enhance the immune response and have a good adjuvant effect, which provides a new way for the preparation of vaccines and antibodies.
  • Figure 1 shows the DEAE-cellulose column chromatography elution curve of total polysaccharide YYH-G, detected by phenol-sulfuric acid method, and the sugar absorption peak detected at 490 nm wavelength.
  • Figure 2 shows the DEAE-cellulose column chromatography elution curve of total polysaccharide YYH-G, and the non-sugar component at 280 nm wavelength.
  • the aqueous extracts of the second extraction were combined, concentrated to 1000 ml under reduced pressure at 50 to 55 ° C, and then subjected to 3 times volume (3000 ml) of 95% ethanol for 48 hours of alcohol precipitation.
  • the alcohol solution was centrifuged at 10 min (rotation speed 3000 r/min), and the precipitate was added to 1000 ml of water to stir and dissolve, centrifuged, and the precipitate was again worked twice.
  • the dissolved supernatant was combined and placed in a dialysis bag (molecular weight cutoff >1000). After 48 hours of tap water dialysis, the steam was exchanged for 24 hours.
  • Epimedium total polysaccharide YYH-G (prepared in Example 1) l g , dissolved in 50 ml of distilled water, and loaded with DEAE-cellulose column (0 8 cm x 35 cm), respectively, using water, 0.25 mol/L NaHC0 3 Continuous elution with 0.5 mol/L NaHC0 3 and 0.1 mol/L NaOH at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, 10 ml/tube, correspondingly obtained polysaccharide fractions YYH-G0 (490 nm absorption, H 2 0 ), YYH-Gl (490 Nm absorption, 0.25 mol/L NaHC0 3 ), YYH-G2 (490 nm/L NaHC0 3 ), YYH-G3 (490 nm absorption, 0.1 mol/L NaOH) and non-sugar component YYH-G4 ( 280 nm absorption, 0.25 mol/L NaHC0 3 ), YY
  • Epimedium $ total polysaccharide YYH-G was prepared from Example 4, and the acidic polysaccharide component YYH-G1 and the non-sugar component YYH-G4 were prepared from Example 4.
  • the total polysaccharide YYH-G is a ochre powder with a sugar content of 35.60% (calculated as glucose);
  • the acid polysaccharide component YYH-G1 is a pale yellow powder with a sugar content of 58.93 % (calculated as glucose);
  • the non-sugar component YYH-G4 is a pale yellow powder. 2. Determination of the uronic acid content (as galacturonic acid) of the total polysaccharide and acid polysaccharide components of Epimedium
  • the uronic acid content was determined by the meta-hydroxybiphenyl method (Reference: Blumenkrantz N, et al. New method for quantitative determiation of uronic acid. Anal Biochem 1973; 54: 484-89).
  • the total polysaccharide YYH-G has a uronic acid content of 7.53% (calculated as galacturonic acid); the acid polysaccharide component YYH-G1 has a uronic acid content of 8.40% (calculated as galacturonic acid).
  • the molecular weight of the acidic polysaccharide component YYH-G1 is 6000 ⁇ 20000;
  • the non-sugar component YYH-G4 has a molecular weight of 2000 - 10000.
  • the monosaccharide composition of the acidic polysaccharide component YYH-G1 is rhamnose, fucose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucose, galactose and galacturonic acid, and the molar ratio is 1.00: 0.33: 4.44: 0.38 : 0.64: 0.87: 5.26.
  • the sugar content and the uronic acid content may not be completely the same, but fluctuate around the values of the present embodiment.
  • the total polysaccharide YYH-G has a sugar content of 25-45%
  • the acid polysaccharide component YYH-G1 has a sugar content of 45-65%
  • the total polysaccharide YYH-G has a uronic acid content of 5-20%, which is acidic.
  • the uronic acid content of the polysaccharide component YYH-G1 is 5-15%.
  • Example 6 Biological test face of total polysaccharide of Epimedium
  • Epimedium total polysaccharide YYH-G (prepared in Example 1) extracted at room temperature was used as an adjuvant.
  • Ovalbumin (OVA) was used as an antigen, and the mice were intramuscularly injected with the two to measure the antibody titer produced.
  • OVA Ovalbumin
  • mice Balb/C, 6-8 weeks, 5/group, female.
  • Drug concentration total polysaccharide YYH-G: 20mg/ml; OVA: 1.2mg/ml; aluminum adjuvant: 2mg/ml;
  • sputum group PBS+OVA
  • aluminum adjuvant group aluminum adjuvant +OVA
  • YYH-G group YYH-G+OVA
  • solvent control group normal saline.
  • Immunization protocol Animals were bled in the tail vein 3 weeks after the first immunization with the immunization group, and the antibody titer in the serum was determined. The antibody titer was detected at the 3rd week after the first immunization, and the boost was immunized at the 4th week. Two weeks after the second immunization, blood was taken from the tail vein, and the antibody titer in the serum was measured. The titer was measured 2 weeks after the measurement. Secondary immunization. Antibody titers in serum were determined by ELISA.
  • Antigen coating solution 50 mmol/L of the acid salt buffer pH 9.6. Weigh anhydrous Na 2 C0 3 1.696 g, NaHC0 3 2.856 g and dissolve in water to 1000 ml, adjust the pH to 9.6sky
  • Washing solution (lOxPBST, pH 7.4): Weigh NaCl 80 g, KC12g, Na 2 HP0 4 29 g, KH 2 P0 4 2 g, Tween-2010 ml, double distilled water to 1000 ml, adjust H7.4 , 10 times diluted use.
  • Blocking solution 1% BSA, dissolved in 50 mmol/L PBS ⁇ 7 ⁇ 4.
  • Substrate solution (TMB-H 2 0 2 ): When used, the substrate liquid ⁇ and ⁇ are mixed in equal volume, and 30% H 2 O 2 is added to a final concentration of 0.5%.
  • Substrate liquid A (TMB), weigh T200200mg, absolute ethanol 100ml, add double distilled water to 1000 ml disturbance
  • Substrate liquid helium (0.1 mol/L citric acid-0.2 mol/L Na 2 HP0 4 buffer), Na 2 HPQ 4 24.8 g, citric acid 19.33 g, add double distilled water to 1000 ml, adjust ⁇ 5 ⁇ 0 ⁇ 5.4
  • OVA OVA was dissolved in the antigen coating at a concentration of 4 g / ml, coated with 96-well plates ( Costa ) ⁇ ⁇ / well, 4. C overnight. Wash 3 times with PBST, 1% BSA-PBS 37. C is closed for 1 h. After washing 3 times with PBST, serum samples of mice diluted with PBST were added, 100 ⁇ /well, and incubation at 37 °C for 1 h.
  • Epimedium total polysaccharide YYH-G, normal saline, Al(OH) 3 were mixed with OVA in equal volumes, immunized mice, 100 ⁇ /mouse, and blood was taken from the tail vein for 3 weeks. Serum was taken from 1:200 to 1 : 12800 dilution, ELISA method to detect serum antibody titer. The experimental results showed that the antibody titers of all the test groups were relatively low in the first immunization group (Fig. 3), and the serum titer of the YYH-G injection group was significantly increased after the second and third immunizations (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5). This indicates that YYH-G significantly promotes antibody production.
  • Example 7 Biological test of polysaccharide components of Epimedium
  • total polysaccharide YYH-G (prepared in Example 1) was subjected to DEAE-cellulose column chromatography to obtain acidic polysaccharide component YYH-G1 and non-sugar component YYH-G4.
  • YYH-G1 and YYH-G4 were used as adjuvants respectively, and ovalbumin (OVA) was used as an antigen, and the mice were intramuscularly injected with the two, and the antibody titer produced was measured.
  • OVA ovalbumin
  • Drug concentration YYH-G1: 10mg/ml; YYH-G4: 10mg/ml; OVA: 1.2mg/ml; aluminum adjuvant: 2m g /ml; Control solvent: normal saline
  • the extract of Epimedium total polysaccharide ⁇ 0-0 (prepared in Example 3) was subjected to DEAE-cellulose column chromatography to obtain an acidic polysaccharide component YYH-G1 and a non-sugar component YYH-G4.
  • the activity of the two sugar components was determined using the H1N1 virus lysate as the antigen.
  • YYH-G1 and YYH-G4 were used as adjuvants respectively, and H1N1 virus lysate was used as antigen.
  • YYH-G1 and YYH-G4 were injected into mice with different doses of influenza A vaccine H1N1 virus lysate.
  • Antibody titer The specific experiment is the same as in Example 6.
  • H1N1 3 ⁇ 100 ⁇ 1/rat; aluminum adjuvant- ⁇ /rat; YYH-G1: 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0 ⁇ 125 ⁇ /100 ⁇ 1/rat; YYH-G4: 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 , 0 mg/ ⁇ rats;
  • Epimedium total polysaccharide ⁇ -G was separated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography to obtain acidic polysaccharide component YYH-G1 and non-sugar component YYH-G4, which were combined with influenza A vaccine H1N1 virus lysate.
  • the results showed initial mice 18 days post-immunization sera having a high antibody titer virus H1N1, YYH-G1 immunization dose per mouse 0.125-lm g, YYH-G4 immunization dose per mouse 0.125-0.5m g, each having Higher adjuvant activity, no significant differences between dose groups, indicated that low doses were effective ( Figures 8-11).
  • Example 9 Biological test face of Epimedium polysaccharide component

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Abstract

本发明涉及淫羊藿的多糖提取物,具体地,本发明涉及从中药材淫羊藿叶中提取的淫羊藿总多糖及其其中的酸性糖组分和非糖组分,以及它们用于制备疫苗佐剂、疫苗制剂、疫苗组合物或抗体的用途。本发明还涉及包含所述淫羊藿总多糖及其组分的药物组合物、疫苗佐剂、疫苗制剂或疫苗组合物。

Description

淫羊藿多糖及其组分和它们用于疫苗佐剂的用途 技术领域
本发明涉及淫羊藿的多糖提取物, 具体地, 涉及从中药材淫羊藿叶 提取的淫羊藿总多糖及其其中的酸性糖组分和非糖组分, 本发明还涉及 所述的淫羊藿总多糖及其其中的酸性糖组分和非糖组分用于疫苗佐剂、 疫苗组合物和抗体制备的用途。 背景技术
淫羊藿(Epimedium )为小檗 科 ( Berberidaceae )植物, 常用于 补肾壮阳、祛风除湿和益气。现代药理研究表明淫羊藿具有镇咳、去痰、 平喘、 抑菌等活性。 淫羊藿中主要化学成分有黄酮、 木质素、 生物碱以 及多糖等。近年来有以下文献报道有关淫羊藿多糖对动物免疫功能的影 响, 具体内容如下:
徐颖等(沈阳药科大学学报, 2000, 17 ( 6 ) : 434 - 437 )采用淫 羊藿水煎、 醇沉、 洗涤和透析获得淫羊藿多糖。 该多糖腹腔注射给予环 磷酰胺所致的免疫低下小鼠及荷瘤 (S180)小鼠,观察对免疫功能的影响。 结果表明该多糖 50、 25 mg/kgx7d, 可使脾重量指数上升, 使下降的溶 血素值及空斑形成细胞的溶血能力回升, 使下降的白细胞总数上升。 小 鼠荷瘤后免疫功能低下,皮下注射该多糖 50 mg/kgx8d可对抗荷瘤引起 的胸腺指数下降, , 使荷瘤小鼠的血清溶血素、 空斑形成细胞的溶血能 力及迟发性超敏反应能力有所提高.
王刚等(武警医学院学报, 2003, 12 ( 3 ) : 194 - 196 ) 由水煎煮 提取、 结晶、 透析 48h 方法获得淫羊藿多糖。 该多糖 12.5、 25.0 和 50.0mg/kg连续给予荷瘤小鼠皮下注射 8d。 结果表明淫羊藿多糖可显著 提高小鼠因荷瘤所导致的胸腺指数下降, 溶血素形成减少, 溶血空斑值 降低以及迟发性超敏反应低下。
靳录洋等(甘肃畜牧兽医, 2004, 28(3): 7 - 10 )观察不同浓度的 淫羊藿多糖(EPS, 多糖含量为 32. 30% )对正常罗曼雏鸡免疫功能的 影响。 试验结果表明 EPS可使外周血淋巴细胞转化率和 ND-HI抗体效 价明显升高。 罗艳等采用相同的淫羊 $多糖, 探讨淫羊$多糖(EPS ) 对雏鸡免疫功能和禽流感-新城疫重组二联苗免疫效果的影响。 结果表 明不同浓度 EPS 均能显著提高淋巴细胞转化率、 中性粒细胞吞噬力、 AI-HI和 ND-HI抗体效价、红细胞 -C3b花环率,降低红细胞 -IC花环率, 且中剂量效果较好
张述斌等(甘肃畜牧兽医, 2004, 28(4): 24 - 25 )采用 Ca(OH)2 取工艺制备淫羊藿多糖, 苯盼一硫酸法测定糖含量为 73.68%。 实 验结果表明该多糖鸡新城疫疫苗有明显的免疫增强作用, 用该多糖免疫 后鸡血清中 HI抗体效价比对照鸡明显提高,而且维持时间延长。此外, T 淋巴细胞 ANAE阳性率与 HI抗体效价有相应的消长趋势。
孔祥峰等 (畜牧兽医学报,2004,35(4),468-472 )用新城疫 IV系疫苗免 疫雏鸡, 在免疫前、 后分别注射高、 低剂量淫羊藿多糖(糖含量为 66. 38% ) , 均能不同程度地提高抗体效价, 且与给药时间、 剂量和免疫接 种次数有一定关系。
尚川川等(动物医学进展, 2009, 30(4): 23-26 )将 50、 100、 150 g/L 等不同浓度的淫羊 $多糖与灭活的鸡新城疫病毒乳化制备疫苗免疫雏 鸡, 探讨淫羊$多糖作为免疫佐剂对鸡免疫功能的影响。 结果表明 100 g/L和 150 g/L的淫羊 $多糖作为免疫佐剂均可促进抗体的产生, 提高 脾脏指数,但对法氏嚢指数的促进作用不明显。
孙艳等(中国专利, 专利号 CN1360894 )从淫羊 $中提取一种淫羊 $多糖, 该多糖是由 A部分和 B部分组成, 包括鼠李糖、 岩藻糖、 阿 拉伯糖、 木糖、 甘露糖、 葡萄糖、 半乳糖七种单糖, 具有明显的促免疫 作用,是一种 发展前途的生物调节剂。适用于乳腺癌、小细胞肺癌、 非何杰金淋巴病、非腺癌、 胃癌等癌症患者化疗、放疗需要辅助治疗者。
Yang LS等( Vaccine, 2008, 26:4451-4455 )研究黄芪多糖、 淫羊藿 多糖(糖含量为 71.23 % )和蜂胶黄酮组成的复方对兔出血病疫苗的佐 剂作用。 结果表明该复方体外能显著促进 T淋巴细胞的增殖, 提高 T 细胞分泌 IFN - γ和 IL - 10的 mRNA表达水平, 其佐剂作用略强于铝 佐剂, 对兔出血病有保护作用。
Wang DW等( Vaccine, 2006, 24:7109-7114 )将淫羊 $多糖(糖含 量为 71.23 % )与蜂胶黄酮混和, 研究与 IL - 2免疫协同作用, 以及对 鸡外周淋巴细胞 IL-2和 IFN-ymRNA表达水平的影响。 结果表明该混 合物能提高抗体滴度和 IFN-ymRNA表达水平,但与 IL - 2的协同作用 不明显。
Sun JL等(Vaccine, 2006, 24:2343-2348 )把淫羊藿多糖(糖含量 88.96 % )和蜂胶黄酮混和作为佐剂,研究对兔出血疫苗的免疫激活作用; 同时研究了该混合物对鸡新城疫疫苗佐剂效应和免疫功能的影响。 结果 显示淫羊藿多糖和蜂胶黄酮混和作为佐剂, 能显著提高抗体滴度, 促进 淋巴细胞增殖, 其作用效果与油佐剂相近。 发明内容
发明人意外地发现, 本发明制备的淫羊藿多糖以及其多糖和非糖 组分, 具有良好的疫苗佐剂作用。 具体地, 本发明包括以下几个方面: 本发明的第一方面涉及淫羊藿多糖(也称为淫羊藿总多糖), 其是 通过如下方法获得的:
1 )取淫羊藿叶, 加入水浸泡, 得到水提液;
加水浸提的时间为 1 ~ 72小时,视浸提温度而定。在室温条件下, 优选为 24 ~ 48小时, 在本发明的一个实施方案中, 为 48小时;
2 )将步骤 1 )得到的水提液进行乙醇沉淀, 取沉淀部分加入水中 溶解, 离心, 取上清液进行透析;
3 )取透析所得的透析液进行冷冻干燥, 得到淫羊藿多糖。
根据本发明第一方面的淫羊藿多糖,其特征在于如下的( 1 ) - ( 12 ) 项中的任意一项或多项:
( 1 )步骤 1 ) 中所述的淫羊藿叶, 为未经提取的淫羊藿叶, 或者 经过有机溶剂例如石油醚、 乙酸乙酯、 氯仿、 乙醚、 正己烷、 环己烷、 正丁醇、 乙醇或甲醇萃取后得到的残渣叶;
通过有机溶剂浸提可以去除叶绿素等杂质以及脂溶性小分子成分。 有机溶剂浸提的温度通常为室温; 浸提的时间为 4~72小时, 优 选为 12 ~ 48小时, 在本发明的一个实施方案中, 为 24小时;
(2) 步骤 1) 中所用水为蒸馏水或去离子水;
( 3 )步骤 1 )中,加入水浸提的温度为 4 ~ 60 ,优选为 20 ~ 60 , 更优选为 20~50X 。 在此温度范围内, 不会破坏糖的性质, 且随温度 升高, 糖的得率增加。
(4)步骤 1) 中, 将浸提后得到的淫羊藿叶按照相同条件进行一 次或多次浸提, 合并水提液;
在本发明的一个实施方案中, 进行两次浸提。
(5) 步骤 1) 中水的用量为淫羊藿叶的 5- 20倍量(L/Kg) ;
(6) 步骤 1) 中, 浸提期间进行搅拌;
(7)步骤 1)中,将得到的水提液在 50"Ό - 55"€下进行减压浓缩, 得到浓缩的水提液;
(8)步骤 2)中, 乙醇沉淀的条件是: 醇沉后乙醇的终浓度为 60 - 80%,例如 70-75%;优选地,醇沉的时间大于 12小时,例如为 48-72 小时;
(9) 步骤 2) 中, 将乙醇沉淀后离心得到的沉淀再进行一次或多 次乙醇沉淀;
(10) 步骤 2) 中, 透析所用的透析袋的截留分子量大于 1000;
( 11 )步骤 2 ) 中, 用自来水和 /或蒸馏水进行透析;
( 12) 步骤 2) 中, 透析时间为 24~72小时, 透析进行一次或多 次;
(13) 步骤 3) 中, 在冷冻干燥之前, 将得到的透析液在 50TC - 55 :下进行减压浓缩。
在本发明的一个实施方案中, 所述的淫羊藿多糖是通过以下方法 制备的:
取淫羊藿叶, 向其中加入蒸馏水浸泡, 期间不时搅拌; 过滤, 滤液 离心; 浸提后的淫羊藿叶在同样条件下进行第二次提取; 合并两次提取 的水提液, 减压浓缩, 然后加入 3~4倍体积的乙醇进行醇沉; 醇沉液离 心, 将沉淀部分加入水中搅拌溶解, 离心, 沉淀再同样操作二次; 合并 溶解的上清液, 装入透析袋, 截留分子量 >1000, 用水透析; 将所得透 析液减压浓缩后, 装入小瓶进行冷冻干燥, 获得所述淫羊藿多糖。
在另一个实施方案中, 本发明所述的淫羊藿多糖是通过如下方法获 得的:
取淫羊藿叶, 向其中加入石油醚浸没浸泡; 过滤, 将滤液减压回收 浸膏; 浸提后的淫羊藿叶自然挥干后, 向其中加入蒸馏水浸泡, 期间不 时搅拌; 然后过滤, 滤液离心, 浸提后的淫羊藿叶在同样条件下进行第 二次提取; 合并两次提取的水提液, 减压浓缩, 然后加入 3~4倍体积的 乙醇进行醇沉; 醇沉液离心, 向沉淀部分中加入水搅拌溶解, 离心, 再 将沉淀同样操作二次; 合并溶解的上清液, 装入透析袋, 截留分子 量 >1000, 用水透析; 将得到的透析液减压浓缩后, 装入小瓶进行冷冻 干燥, 获得所述淫羊藿多糖。
本发明的第二方面涉及一种淫羊藿多糖, 或者根据本发明第一方 面任一项所述的淫羊藿多糖, 其特征在于
( 1 )含糖量为 25-45 % (以葡萄糖计算),糖醛酸含量为 5-20 % (以 半乳糖醛酸计算) ; 和 /或
( 2 )其具有附图 1和附图 2所示的特征。
在本发明的一个实施方案中, 含糖量为 35.60 % (以葡萄糖计算) , 糖醛酸含量为 7.53 % (以半乳糖醛酸计算) 。
本发明的第三方面涉及一种淫羊藿酸性多糖组分, 其为根据本发 明第一方面或第二方面任一项所述的淫羊藿多糖经 DEAE-纤维素柱层 析, 得到的具有硫酸 -苯酚显色、 490nm 波长吸收的 0. 25mol /L NaHC03 洗脱部分。
本发明的第四方面涉及一种淫羊藿酸性多糖组分, 或者根据本发 明第三方面所述的淫羊藿酸性多糖组分, 其特征在于:
包含鼠李糖、 岩藻糖、 阿拉伯糖、 木糖、 甘露糖、 葡萄糖、 半乳糖 以及半乳糖醛酸; 以及, 其分子量为 6000 ~ 20000。
根据本发明第四方面的淫羊藿酸性多糖组分, 其特征在于, ( 1 )含糖量为 45-65 % (以葡萄糖计算),糖醛酸含量为 5-15 % (以 半乳糖醛酸计算) ; 和 /或
( 2 ) 鼠李糖、 岩藻糖、 阿拉伯糖、 木糖、 甘露糖、 葡萄糖、 半乳 糖的摩尔比为鼠李糖:岩藻糖:阿拉伯糖:木糖:甘露糖:葡萄糖:半乳糖 =1.00: 0.33: 4.44: 0.38: 0.64: 0.87: 5.26。
在本发明的一个实施方案中, 含糖量为 58.93 % (以葡萄糖计算) , 糖醛酸含量为 8.40 % (以半乳糖醛酸计算) 。
在本发明的实施方案中, 含糖量 (以葡萄糖计) 的测定方法为硫 酸-苯酚法; 糖醛酸含量(以半乳糖醛酸计) 的测定方法为间羟联苯 法。
本发明的第五方面涉及一种淫羊藿非糖组分, 其为本发明第一方 面或第二方面任一项所述的淫羊藿多糖经 DEAE-纤维素柱层析, 得到的 具有 280nm吸收的 0. 25mol /L NaHC03洗脱部分。
本发明的第六方面涉及一种淫羊藿非糖组分, 或者根据本发明第 五方面所述的淫羊藿非糖组分, 其为淫羊藿多糖的非糖组分, 其分子量 为 2000 ~ 10000。
本发明的第七方面涉及一种药物组合物, 其包含本发明第一方面 至第六方面任一项的淫羊藿多糖和 /或淫羊藿酸性多糖组分和 /或淫羊 藿非糖组分, 以及药学上可接受的辅料。
本发明的第八方面涉及一种疫苗佐剂, 其包含本发明第一方面至 第六方面任一项的淫羊藿多糖和 /或淫羊藿酸性多糖组分和 /或淫羊藿 非糖组分。
本发明的第九方面涉及一种疫苗制剂或疫苗组合物, 其包含本发 明第一方面至第六方面任一项的淫羊藿多糖和 /或淫羊藿酸性多糖组 分和 /或淫羊藿非糖组分。
本发明的第十方面涉及本发明第一方面至第六方面任一项的淫羊 藿多糖和 /或淫羊藿酸性多糖组分和 /或淫羊藿非糖组分用于制备疫苗 佐剂、 疫苗制剂、 疫苗组合物或抗体的用途。
本发明还涉及一种制备抗体的方法,其包括使用有效量的本发明第 一方面至第六方面任一项的淫羊藿多糖和 /或淫羊藿酸性多糖组分和 / 或淫羊藿非糖组分的步骤。
本发明还涉及一种免疫方法或者接种方法, 包括给予哺乳动物有 效量的疫苗制剂或疫苗组合物的步骤。
在本发明中, 所述淫羊藿多糖组分是指从淫羊藿总多糖中分离得 到的不同组分。 在本发明的一个实施方案中, 为其中的酸性糖组分, 例如为 YYH-G1。 在本发明的另一个实施方案中, 为其中的非糖组分, 例如为 YYH-G4。
在本发明中, 所述疫苗包括减毒疫苗、 灭活疫苗、 蛋白质疫苗、 DNA疫苗或多肽疫苗。
在本发明中, 所述有效量是指给予哺乳动物实现能够免疫效果的 疫苗制剂或疫苗组合物的剂量。 发明的有益效果
本发明从淫羊藿叶中通过水浸提的方式提取得到淫羊藿总多糖, 进而分离得到其中的多糖组分和非糖组分, 并对其进行了鉴定, 进一 步明确了其组成成分。 实验证明得到的淫羊藿总多糖及其多糖和非糖 组分均能够增强免疫应答, 具有良好的佐剂作用, 为疫苗和抗体的制 备提供了新途径。 同时, 分离得到了淫羊藿总多糖中具有佐剂作用的 多糖组分和非糖组分, 为淫羊藿总多糖的佐剂作用机制研究奠定了基 础, 为找到具有更好佐剂效果的多糖或非糖制剂提供了可能。 附图说明
图 1为总多糖 YYH-G的 DEAE -纤维素柱层析洗脱曲线, 苯酚- 硫酸法检测, 490 nm波长检测糖吸收峰
图 2为总多糖 YYH-G的 DEAE -纤维素柱层析洗脱曲线, 280 nm 波长检测非糖成分
图 3为 OVA抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G免疫 1次后小鼠血清抗体滴度, mean土 SD, n=5 图 4为 OVA抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G免疫 2次后小鼠血清抗体滴度, mean土 SD, n=5
图 5为 OVA抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G免疫 3次后小鼠血清抗体滴度, mean土 SD, n=5
图 6为 OVA抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G1或 YYH-G4免疫 1次后小鼠 的抗体滴度, mean+SD, n=5
图 7为 OVA 抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G1或 YYH-G4免疫 2次后小鼠 的抗体滴度, mean+SD, n=5
图 8为 H1N1病毒抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G1免疫 1次后小鼠血清抗 体滴度, mean土 SD, n=5
图 9为 H1N1病毒抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G4免疫 1次后小鼠血清抗 体滴度, mean土 SD, n=5
图 10为 H1N1病毒抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G1免疫 2次后小鼠血清抗 体滴度, mean土 SD, n=5
图 11为 H1N1病毒抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G4免疫 2次后小鼠血清抗 体滴度, mean土 SD, n=5
图 12为 H1N1病毒抗原配伍多糖 YYH-G1或 YYH-G4免疫 1次后 小鼠血清抗体滴度, mean+SD, n=5 具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述, 但是本领 域技术人员将会理解, 下列实施例仅用于说明本发明, 而不应视为限 定本发明的范围。 实施例中未注明具体条件者, 按照常规条件或制造 商建议的条件进行。 所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者, 均为可以通 过市购获得的常规产品。 实施例 1: 淫羊藿总多糖的制备
淫羊 $叶 lkg, 室温下加入石油醚浸没浸泡 24小时, 过滤, 滤液 30 ~ 35。C减压回收浸膏。 经过石油醚浸提后的淫羊藿叶自然挥干后, 加 入 15L蒸馏水, 室温下(20 ~ 30eC )浸泡 48小时, 期间不时搅拌; 然 后过滤, 滤液离心 lOmin (转速 3000r/min ) , 浸提后的淫羊 $叶在同 样条件下进行二次提取。 合并二次提取的水提液, 50 ~ 55°C减压浓缩至 1000ml, 然后加入 3倍体积(3000ml ) 95 %的乙醇进行 48小时的醇沉。 醇沉液离心 lOmin (转速 3000r/min ), 沉淀部分加入 1000ml水搅拌溶 解, 离心, 沉淀再同样操作二次。 合并溶解的上清液, 装入透析袋(截 留分子量>1000 ) , 自来水透析 48小时后换蒸傭水再透析 24小时。 该 透析液 50 - 55Ό减压浓缩至 200ml左右,装入小瓶进行冷冻干燥,获得 棕色粉末, 即总多糖(得率为 0.74 % ) 。 实施例 2: 淫羊藿总多糖的制备
淫羊 $叶 lkg, 室温下加入 15L蒸馏水, 室温下( 20 ~ 30°C )浸泡 48小时,期间不时搅拌;然后过滤,滤液离心 lOmin (转速 3000r/min ), 浸提后的淫羊 $叶在同样条件下进行二次提取。 合并二次提取的水提 液, 50 ~ 55°C减压浓缩至 1000ml, 然后加入 3倍体积( 3000ml ) 95 % 的乙醇进行 48 ~ 72小时的醇沉。醇沉液离心 lOmin (转速 3000r/min ), 沉淀部分加入 1000ml水搅拌溶解, 离心, 沉淀再同样操作二次。 合并 溶解的上清液, 装入透析袋(截留分子量 >1000 ), 自来水透析 48小时 后换蒸馏水再透析 24小时。该透析液 50 - 55°C减压浓缩至 200ml左右, 装入小瓶进行冷冻干燥, 获得棕色粉末, 即总多糖(得率为 0.81 % ) 。 实施例 3: 淫羊藿总多糖的制备
淫羊 $叶 lkg, 在 55 ~ 60。C温度下加入 15L蒸馏水, 浸泡 48小时, 期间不时搅拌; 然后过滤, 滤液离心 lOmin (转速 3000r/min ) , 浸提 后的淫羊$叶在同样条件下进行二次提取。 合并二次提取的水提液, 50 ~ 55°C减压浓缩至 1000ml, 然后加入 3倍体积(3000ml ) 95 %的乙 醇进行 48 ~ 72小时的醇沉。 醇沉液离心 lOmin (转速 3000r/min ) , 沉 淀部分加入 1000ml水搅拌溶解, 离心, 沉淀再同样操作二次。 合并溶 解的上清液, 装入透析袋(截留分子量 >1000 ) , 自来水透析 48小时后 换蒸馏水再透析 24小时。 该透析液 50 - 55°C减压浓缩至 200ml左右, 装入小瓶进行冷冻干燥, 获得棕色粉末, 即总多糖(得率为 1.9 % ) 。 实施例 4: 淫羊藿多糖组分的制备
室温浸提的淫羊藿总多糖 YYH-G (实施例 1制备) lg, 加入蒸馏 水 50ml溶解, 溶解液上样 DEAE-纤维素柱( 0 8cmx35cm ) , 分别采 用水、 0.25mol/L NaHC03、 0.5mol/L NaHC03和 0.1 mol/L NaOH进行 连续洗脱,流速 lml/min, 10ml/管,相应获得多糖组分 YYH-G0( 490 nm 吸收, H20 )、 YYH-Gl ( 490 nm吸收, 0.25 mol/L NaHC03 )、 YYH-G2 ( 490 nm吸收, 0.5 mol/L NaHC03 )、 YYH-G3( 490 nm吸收, 0.1 mol/L NaOH ) 以及非糖组分 YYH-G4 ( 280nm吸收, 0.25mol/L NaHC03 ) 、 YYH-G5 ( 280nm吸收, 0.5mol/L NaHC03 )、 YYH-G6 ( 280nm吸收, 0.1 mol/L NaOH ) 。
总多糖 YYH-G在 DEAE -纤维素柱层析的色谱图如图 1和图 2所 示。 实施例 5: 淫羊藿总多糖、 酸性多糖组分和非糖组分的理化性质
淫羊 $总多糖 YYH-G由实施例 4制备,酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1和 非糖组分 YYH-G4由实施例 4 制备。
1. 淫羊藿总多糖和酸性多糖组分的含糖量(以葡萄糖计) 的测定
1 ) 实验方法
采用硫酸-苯酚法测定糖含量(参考文献: Dubois M., et al.
Colorimetric method for detemination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem.1956; 28: 350-56 ) 。
2 ) 实验结果
总多糖 YYH - G为椋色粉末,含糖量为 35.60 % (以葡萄糖计算); 酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1为淡黄色粉末, 含糖量为 58.93 % (以葡萄 糖计算) ;
非糖组分 YYH-G4为浅黄色粉末。 2. 淫羊 $总多糖和酸性多糖组分的的糖醛酸含量(以半乳糖醛酸 计) 的测定
1 ) 实验方法
采用间羟联苯法测定糖醛酸含量(参考文献: Blumenkrantz N, et al. New method for quantitative determiation of uronic acid. Anal Biochem 1973; 54: 484-89 ) 。
2 ) 实验结果
总多糖 YYH - G的糖醛酸含量为 7.53 % (以半乳糖醛酸计算) ; 酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1的糖醛酸含量为 8.40 % (以半乳糖醛酸计 算) 。
3. 淫羊 $总多糖中酸性多糖组分和非糖组分的分子量测定
1 ) 实验方法
仪器: HPLC, Waters公司; 色语柱: TSKsw4000; 流动相: 0.1 M Na2S04; 流速: 0.6 ml/min; 检测器: 示差。
2 ) 实验结果
酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1的分子量为 6000 ~ 20000;
非糖组分 YYH-G4的分子量为 2000 - 10000。
4. 淫羊 $总多糖中酸性多糖组分的单糖组成
酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1的单糖组成是鼠李糖、 岩藻糖、 阿拉伯糖、 木糖、 甘露糖、 葡萄糖、 半乳糖以及半乳糖醛酸, 摩尔比分别为 1.00: 0.33: 4.44: 0.38: 0.64: 0.87: 5.26。
由于药材产地、 批次不同, 其中的糖含量和糖醛酸含量不可能完全 相同, 而是在本实施例数值周围波动。 例如总多糖 YYH - G的含糖量 为 25-45%, 酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1的含糖量为 45-65%, 总多糖 YYH - G的糖醛酸含量为 5-20%, 酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1的糖醛酸含量为 5-15% 实施例 6: 淫羊藿总多糖的生物学试臉
将室温下提取的淫羊藿总多糖 YYH-G (实施例 1制备)作为佐剂, 以卵清蛋白(OVA)为抗原, 二者联用肌肉注射小鼠, 测定产生的抗体 滴度。 具体实验方法如下:
实验动物: Balb/C, 6-8周, 5只 /组, 雌性。
药物浓度: 总多糖 YYH-G: 20mg/ml; OVA: 1.2mg/ml; 铝佐剂: 2mg/ml;
对照溶剂: 生理盐水
给药剂量: θνΑ-60μ^50μ1/鼠; 铝佐剂 - 100μ^50μ1/鼠; YYH-G: 1ϋ^/50μ1/鼠;
分组: (1) Ρ组: PBS+OVA; (2)铝佐剂组: 铝佐剂 +OVA; (3) YYH-G组: YYH-G+OVA; (4)溶剂对照组: 生理盐水。 注射前等体 积混合, ΙΟΟμΙ/鼠, 右后肢肌肉注射。
免疫方案: 动物按照免疫分组首次免疫注射后 3周, 尾静脉取血, 测定血清中抗体滴度。 首次免疫注射后第 3周检测抗体滴度, 第 4周加 强免疫, 二次免疫注射后 2周, 尾静脉取血, 测定血清中抗体滴度, 视 滴度情况, 测定后 2周进行第 3次免疫。 ELISA测定血清中抗体滴度。
ELISA法所用试剂配制:
1.抗原包被液: 50mmol/L破酸盐緩冲液 pH9.6。 称取无水 Na2C03 1.696 g, NaHC032.856 g加水溶解到 1000 ml, 调节 pH至 9.6„
2.洗涤液( lOxPBST, pH7.4):称取 NaCl 80 g, KC12g, Na2HP04 29 g, KH2P042 g, Tween-2010 ml, 双蒸水至 1000 ml, 调节 H7.4, 10倍稀释使用。
3.封闭液: 1% BSA, 用 50 mmol/L PBS ρΗ7·4溶解。
4.底物液(TMB-H202) : 使用时将底物液 Α和 Β等体积混合, 加入 30%H2O2, 终浓度 0.5%。
5·底物液 A (TMB) , 称取 TMB200mg, 无水乙醇 100 ml, 加双蒸水至 1000 ml„
6·底物液 Β ( 0.1 mol/L柠檬酸 -0.2 mol/L Na2HP04緩冲液) , Na2HPQ424.8 g, 柠檬酸 19.33 g, 加双蒸水至 1000 ml, 调节 ρΗ5·0~ 5.4„
7.2 N H2S04
8. OVA 溶解于抗原包被液,浓度为 4 g /ml,包被 96孔板( Costa ) ΙΟΟμΙ/孔, 4。C过夜。 PBST洗 3遍, 1 % BSA-PBS 37。C封闭 1 h。 PBST 洗 3遍后加入以 PBST稀释的小鼠血清样品, 100 μΐ/孔, 37 °C孵温 1 h。 PBST洗 3遍, 加入 HRP-羊抗小鼠 IgG ( 1:1000, PBST ) 100 μΐ/孔, 37 °C孵温 1, PBST洗 6遍,加入 ΙΟΟμΙ底物液显色后,加入 50 μ1 2 Ν H2S04终止反应测定 A450
实验结果:
淫羊藿总多糖 YYH-G、 生理盐水、 Al(OH)3分别与 OVA等体积混 合, 免疫小鼠, 100 μΐ/鼠, 免疫 3周尾静脉取血, 取血清自 1:200始至 1:12800等比稀释, ELISA方法检测血清抗体滴度。 实验结果表明第一 次免疫所有测试组抗体滴度均比较低(图 3 ) , 而经过第二、 三次免疫 后 YYH-G注射组动物血清滴度明显升高(见图 4和图 5 ),表明 YYH-G 具有显著促进抗体产生作用。 实施例 7: 淫羊藿多糖组分的生物学试验
室温下提取的淫羊 $总多糖 YYH-G (实施例 1制备)经 DEAE - 纤维素柱层析, 获得酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1和非糖组分 YYH-G4。
YYH-G1和 YYH-G4分别作为佐剂, 以卵清蛋白 (OVA )为抗原, 二 者联用肌肉注射小鼠, 测定产生的抗体滴度。 具体实验同实施例 6。
药物浓度: YYH-G1: 10mg/ml; YYH-G4: 10mg/ml; OVA: 1.2mg/ml; 铝佐剂: 2mg/ml; 对照溶剂: 生理盐水
给药剂量: ΥΥΗ-60μ^50μ1/鼠; 铝佐剂 - 100μ^50μ1/鼠; YYH-G1: 0·5ϋ^/50μ1/鼠; YYH-G4: 0.5mg/5(^l/鼠;
分组: (1 ) Ρ组: PBS+OVA; ( 2 )铝佐剂组: 铝佐剂 +OVA; ( 3 ) YYH-G1组: YYH-G1+OVA; ( 4 ) YYH-G4组: YYH-G4+OVA; 注射前等体积混合, ΙΟΟμΙ/鼠, 右后肢肌肉注射。
实验结果: 淫羊藿总多糖 YYH-G经 DEAE -纤维素柱层析分离, 得到酸性多 糖组分 YYH-G1和非糖组分 YYH-G4, 按照免疫方案进行进一步的佐 剂活性功能测定, 经第二次免疫后检测, YYH-G1和 YYH-G4组分具 有显著的免疫佐剂活性, 能够促进抗体的产生 (图 6和图 7 ) 。
实施例 8淫羊藿多糖组分的生物学试验
55 ~ 60。〇下提取淫羊藿总多糖¥¥11-0 (实施例 3制备)经 DEAE -纤维素柱层析, 获得酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1和非糖组分 YYH-G4。 采用 H1N1病毒裂解液为抗原测定两种糖组分的活性。
YYH-G1和 YYH-G4分别作为佐剂, 以 H1N1病毒裂解液为抗原, YYH-G1和 YYH-G4按照不同的剂量分别与甲型流感疫苗 H1N1病毒 裂解液配伍肌肉注射小鼠,测定产生的抗体滴度。具体实验同实施例 6。
混合后药物浓度: YYH-G1: 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25mg/ml; YYH-G4: 5, 2.5, 1.25mg/ml; H1N1: 30 g/ml; 铝佐剂: 1 mg/ml; 对照溶剂: 生理盐 水
给药剂量: H1N1: 3μ^100μ1/鼠;铝佐剂 - ΙΟΟμ^ΙΟΟμΙ/鼠; YYH-G1: 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0·125ϋ^/100μ1/鼠; YYH-G4: 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0 mg/ΙΟΟμΙΖ 鼠;
分组: ( 1 ) Ρ组: H1N1(YYH-G1 or YYH-G4: 0 mg/lOO l/鼠); ( 2 )铝佐剂组: 铝佐剂 +H1N1; ( 3 ) YYH-G1组: YYH-G1+H1N1; ( 4 ) YYH-G4组: YYH-G4+H1N1;
注射前等体积混合, ΙΟΟμΙ/鼠, 右后肢肌肉注射。
实验结果:
淫羊藿总多糖 ΥΥΗ - G经 DEAE -纤维素柱层析分离, 得到酸性 多糖组分 YYH-G1和非糖组分 YYH-G4, 与甲型流感疫苗 H1N1病毒 裂解液配伍免疫,结果显示初次免疫后 18天小鼠血清中具有较高 H1N1 病毒抗体滴度, YYH-G1免疫剂量每只小鼠为 0.125-lmg、 YYH-G4免疫 剂量每只小鼠为 0.125-0.5mg, 均具有较高的佐剂活性, 剂量组之间没 有明显的差异,说明低剂量有效 (图 8-11)。 实施例 9淫羊藿多糖组分的生物学试臉
室温下提取淫羊藿总多糖 YYH-G (实施例 2制备)经 DEAE -纤 维素柱层析, 获得酸性多糖组分 YYH-G1和非糖组分 YYH-G4。 采用 H1N1病毒裂解液为抗原测定两种糖组分的活性。 具体方法如实施例 8。 结果显示室温提取的 YYH-G1和 YYH-G4配伍 H1N1抗原初次免疫即 可产生较高滴度的抗体(图 12 ) 。 尽管本发明的具体实施方式已经得到详细的描述, 本领域技术人 员将会理解。 根据已经公开的所有教导, 可以对那些细节进行各种修 改和替换, 这些改变均在本发明的保护范围之内。 本发明的全部范围 由所附权利要求及其任何等同物给出。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 淫羊藿多糖, 其是通过如下方法获得的:
1)取淫羊藿叶, 加入水浸泡, 得到水提液;
2 )将步骤 1 )得到的水提液进行乙醇沉淀, 取沉淀部分加入水中 溶解, 离心, 取上清液进行透析;
3)取透析所得的透析液进行冷冻干燥, 得到淫羊藿多糖。
2. 权利要求 1 的淫羊藿多糖, 其特征在于如下的 (1) - (12) 项 中的任意一项或多项:
(1)步骤 1) 中所述的淫羊藿叶, 为未经提取的淫羊藿叶, 或者 经过有机溶剂例如石油醚、 乙酸乙酯、 氯仿、 乙醚、 正己烷、 环己烷、 正丁醇、 乙醇或甲醇萃取后得到的残渣叶;
(2)步骤 1) 中所用水为蒸馏水或去离子水;
(3)步骤 1)中,加入水浸提的温度为 4~60。C,优选为 20~60。C, 更优选为 20~50。C;
(4)步骤 1) 中, 将浸提后得到的淫羊藿叶按照相同条件进行一 次或多次浸提, 合并水提液;
(5) 步骤 1) 中水的用量为淫羊藿叶的 5- 20倍量(L/Kg) ;
(6) 步骤 1) 中, 浸提期间进行搅拌;
( 7 )步骤 1 )中,将得到的水提液在 50。C - 55。C下进行减压浓缩, 得到浓缩的水提液;
(8)步骤 2)中, 乙醇沉淀的条件是: 醇沉后乙醇的终浓度为 60 - 80%,例如 70-75%;优选地,醇沉的时间大于 12小时,例如为 48-72 小时;
(9) 步骤 2) 中, 将乙醇沉淀后离心得到的沉淀再进行一次或多 次乙醇沉淀, 合并上清液;
(10) 步骤 2) 中, 透析所用的透析袋的截留分子量大于 1000;
(11) 步骤 2) 中, 用自来水和 /或蒸馏水进行透析; ( 12 ) 步骤 2 ) 中, 透析进行一次或多次;
( 13 ) 步骤 3 ) 中, 在冷冻干燥之前, 将得到的透析液在 50°C - 55 eC下进行减压浓缩。
3. 一种淫羊藿多糖, 或者权利要求 1或 2所述的淫羊藿多糖, 其特 征在于
( 1 )含糖量为 25-45%, 例如 35.60 % (以葡萄糖计算) , 糖醛酸 含量为 5-20%, 例如 7.53 % (以半乳糖醛酸计算) ; 和 /或
( 2 )其具有附图 1和附图 2所示的特征。
4. 淫羊藿酸性多糖组分,其为权利要求 1-3任一项所述的淫羊藿多糖 经 DEAE-纤维素柱层析, 得到的利用硫酸-苯酚法显色、 具有 490nm波 长吸收的 0.25mol/L NaHC03洗脱部分。
5. 一种淫羊藿酸性多糖组分, 或者权利要求 4所述的淫羊藿酸性多 糖组分, 其特征在于:
包含鼠李糖、 岩藻糖、 阿拉伯糖、 木糖、 甘露糖、 葡萄糖、 半乳糖 以及半乳糖醛酸; 以及, 其分子量为 6000 ~ 20000。
6. 权利要求 5的淫羊藿酸性多糖组分, 其特征在于,
( 1 )含糖量为 45-65%, 例如 58.93 % (以葡萄糖计算) , 糖醛酸 含量为 5-15%, 例如 8.40 % (以半乳糖醛酸计算) ; 和 /或
( 2 ) 鼠李糖、 岩藻糖、 阿拉伯糖、 木糖、 甘露糖、 葡萄糖、 半乳 糖的摩尔比为鼠李糖:岩藻糖:阿拉伯糖:木糖:甘露糖:葡萄糖:半乳糖 =1.00: 0.33: 4.44: 0.38: 0.64: 0.87: 5.26。
7. 淫羊藿非糖组分, 其为权利要求 1-3任一项所述的淫羊藿多糖经 DEAE-纤维素柱层析, 得到的具有 280nm吸收的 0.25mol/L NaHC03 洗脱部分。
8. 一种淫羊藿非糖组分, 或者权利要求 7所述的淫羊藿非糖组分, 其为淫羊藿多糖的非糖组分, 其分子量为 2000 ~ 10000。
9. 一种药物组合物, 其包含权利要求 1-8任一项的淫羊藿多糖和 /或 淫羊藿酸性多糖组分和 /或淫羊藿非糖组分, 以及药学上可接受的辅料。
10. 一种疫苗佐剂, 其包含权利要求 1-8任一项的淫羊藿多糖和 /或淫 羊藿酸性多糖组分和 /或淫羊藿非糖组分。
11. 一种疫苗制剂或疫苗组合物, 其包含权利要求 1-8任一项的淫羊 藿多糖和 /或淫羊藿酸性多糖组分和 /或淫羊藿非糖组分。
12. 权利要求 1-8任一项的淫羊藿多糖和 /或淫羊藿酸性多糖组分和 / 或淫羊藿非糖组分用于制备疫苗佐剂、 疫苗制剂、 疫苗组合物或抗体的 用途。
13. 一种制备抗体的方法, 其包括使用有效量的权利要求 1-8任一项 的淫羊藿多糖和 /或淫羊藿酸性多糖组分和 /或淫羊藿非糖组分的步骤。
PCT/CN2011/077915 2010-11-05 2011-08-02 淫羊藿多糖及其组分和它们用于疫苗佐剂的用途 WO2012058957A2 (zh)

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