WO2012036034A1 - アミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体 - Google Patents
アミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012036034A1 WO2012036034A1 PCT/JP2011/070334 JP2011070334W WO2012036034A1 WO 2012036034 A1 WO2012036034 A1 WO 2012036034A1 JP 2011070334 W JP2011070334 W JP 2011070334W WO 2012036034 A1 WO2012036034 A1 WO 2012036034A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/265—Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28042—Shaped bodies; Monolithic structures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
- C08J9/283—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum a discontinuous liquid phase emulsified in a continuous macromolecular phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36
- B01D15/3804—Affinity chromatography
- B01D15/3828—Ligand exchange chromatography, e.g. complexation, chelation or metal interaction chromatography
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/006—Radioactive compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/203—Iron or iron compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/05—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase
- C08J2201/0502—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase the liquid phase being organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles
- C08J2333/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/50—Conditioning of the sorbent material or stationary liquid
- G01N30/52—Physical parameters
- G01N2030/524—Physical parameters structural properties
- G01N2030/528—Monolithic sorbent material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thick monolithic amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile porous body, a production method thereof, and a metal adsorption method using the same.
- a metal adsorbing resin generally adsorbs a metal by a chelating group on the resin, but it is known that a resin having an amidoxime group as a chelating group has a high metal adsorbing ability.
- the porous body is often used in various fields as a separating agent, an adsorbent and the like.
- the inorganic porous material a great deal of research has been conducted on silica-based porous materials.
- silica-based porous bodies a technique for producing porous silica particles is common. This porous silica particle has been put to practical use as an analytical material.
- a polymer-based porous body a technique for obtaining a porous body by adding an appropriate diluent at the time of suspension polymerization of a vinyl monomer is known.
- This polymer-based porous material has been put into practical use as various adsorbents and separation agents by taking advantage of the light weight of polymer materials.
- a lump of material having a structure in which a continuous skeleton and voids are intertwined with each other is called a monolith body.
- a technique for producing a thick monolith body is also known.
- a polymer porous body a synthesis technique by a polymerization method has been reported for a vinyl polymer monolith body, but due to difficulty in structure control, etc., it has not been put into practical use as a separating material.
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- This PAN has excellent solvent resistance and strength, but as a method for producing a porous body using this PAN as a material, a porous film made of a resin composition partially containing PAN (for example, Patent Document 1)
- Patent Document 1 A method for producing a PAN porous body is known in which a dope prepared from an organic solvent in which PAN is dissolved is coagulated using a coagulation bath of a solution comprising the organic solvent and a PAN coagulant (for example, Patent Document 2). It has been.
- a method for producing PAN porous particles by dispersing and polymerizing acrylonitrile using N-bilinipyrrolidone or the like as a dispersion stabilizer is known (for example, Patent Document 3).
- the porous body obtained by these known techniques has a thin film shape (for example, a fiber) or a particle shape. Therefore, a method for producing a porous body that is thick and monolithic and contains PAN as a main component has not been known.
- an amidoxime group-containing acrylonitrile copolymer has a metal adsorption ability.
- a method for producing such an amidoxime group-containing acrylonitrile copolymer having metal adsorption ability for example, copolymer particles of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate are produced by suspension polymerization, and the nitrile group of this copolymer is converted to hydroxylamine.
- a method is known in which an amidoxime group-containing acrylonitrile copolymer is obtained by conversion to an amidoxime group using a hydrochloride (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- JP 2002-194133 A Japanese Patent Publication No.8-22934 JP-A-4-261404
- the metal adsorbent exhibits a high metal adsorption capacity even when a metal solution is processed at a high speed.
- Conventionally known amidoxime group-containing acrylonitrile copolymers have a problem in metal adsorption ability during high-speed processing. Therefore, there has been a demand for a metal adsorbent that exhibits a high metal adsorption capacity even during high-speed processing.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a thick monolith-like polyamidonitrile porous body modified with amidoxime, a method for producing the same, and a metal adsorption method having a high metal adsorption ability even during high-speed treatment using the same. To do.
- a monolith-like PAN porous body containing polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a main component having a thickness of 1 mm or more is reacted with hydroxylamine, and a part of the nitrile group of the PAN porous body is converted into an amidoxime group.
- PAN-oxime porous body an amidoxime-modified PAN porous body (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “PAN-oxime porous body”) obtained by converting into
- “containing PAN as a main component” means that PAN is contained by 50% or more by weight with respect to the entire porous body.
- the PAN-oxime porous material of the present invention is a porous material obtained without crosslinking PAN as described above.
- the present invention is a method for producing the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body.
- a monolithic PAN porous body having a thickness of 1 mm or more and a PAN porous body containing PAN as a main component is reacted with hydroxylamine to convert a part of the nitrile group of the polyacrylonitrile porous body into an amidoxime group. Converting.
- the present invention is a metal adsorption method for adsorbing metal ions, iodine ions and iodine using the amidoxime-modified PAN porous material.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a thick monolithic, amidoxime-modified PAN porous material, a method for producing the same, and a metal adsorption method having a high metal adsorption ability even during high-speed treatment using the same. .
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the steps of Example 1 (1).
- FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of the PAN porous material obtained in Example 1 (1).
- FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of the PAN-oxime porous material obtained in Example 1 (2).
- FIG. 4 is an IR spectrum of the PAN-oxime porous material obtained in Example 1 (2).
- a monolithic PAN porous body having a thickness of 1 mm or more and containing PAN as a main component PAN is heated and dissolved in a solvent to obtain a PAN solution, Cooling the PAN solution to obtain a formed compact, Immersing the molded body in another solvent, replacing the solvent with the other solvent, and obtaining a monolithic PAN porous body having a thickness of 1 mm or more and containing PAN as a main component
- the solvent includes a poor solvent for polyacrylonitrile and a good solvent for polyacrylonitrile,
- the poor solvent is one or more selected from the group consisting of water, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerin
- the good solvent is preferably obtained by a method which is at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide and
- the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body of the present invention is preferably an amidoxime-modified PAN porous body in which 0.1 to 20 mmol of nitrile group per g is amidoxylated.
- the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body of the present invention has pores having a pore diameter of 0.1 to 15 ⁇ m, the pores have a skeleton diameter of 0.05 to 8 ⁇ m, and the porous body has a thickness of 1 mm or more.
- the BET area is preferably 5 to 800 m 2 / g.
- the amidoxime-modified PAN porous material of the present invention preferably satisfies the following formula in the infrared absorption spectrum.
- the peak of the infrared absorption spectrum at 2262 cm ⁇ 1 is the peak of the nitrile group of PAN, and the peak of the infrared absorption spectrum at 1652 cm ⁇ 1 is the peak of the amidoxime group of PAN modified with amidoxime. Therefore, (B) / (A) represents the ratio of the nitrile group and the amidoxime group of the PAN porous material modified with amidoxime. A larger ratio means a higher degree of amidoxime modification.
- the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body of the present invention has a metal ion, preferably copper (for example, copper (II) ion), iron (for example, iron (II) ion), nickel (for example, nickel (II) ion), Amidoxime modification to adsorb metal ions such as vanadium (eg, vanadium (V) ions), indium, gallium, mercury, silver, lead, uranium, plutonium, cesium, barium, lanthanum, thallium, strontium, and iodine ions and iodine PAN porous body.
- metal ion preferably copper (for example, copper (II) ion), iron (for example, iron (II) ion), nickel (for example, nickel (II) ion), Amidoxime modification to adsorb metal ions such as vanadium (eg, vanadium (V) ions), indium, gallium, mercury, silver, lead,
- the amount of adsorption of metal ions and iodine ions per g of the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body of the present invention is, for example, 0.2 to 10 (ion mmol / g of porous body), preferably 1 to 7 ( Ion mmol / g of porous material).
- the amount of iodine adsorbed is, for example, 0.2 to 10 (iodine mmol / g of porous body), preferably 1 to 7 (iodine mmol / g of porous body).
- a metal ion preferably copper (for example, copper (II) ion), iron (for example, iron (II) ion), nickel, packed in a column with the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body of the present invention.
- metal selected from the group consisting of indium, gallium, mercury, silver, lead, uranium, plutonium, cesium, barium, lanthanum, thallium and strontium
- columns for adsorbing ions and iodine ions and iodine are also provided.
- the present invention also uses the amidoxime-modified PAN porous material of the present invention to form metal ions, preferably copper (for example, copper (II) ions), iron (for example, iron (II) ions), nickel (for example, Nickel (II) ion), vanadium (eg, vanadium (V) ion), indium, gallium, mercury, silver, lead, uranium, plutonium, cesium, barium, lanthanum, thallium, and strontium ions And a metal adsorption method for adsorbing iodine ions and iodine.
- metal ions preferably copper (for example, copper (II) ions), iron (for example, iron (II) ions), nickel (for example, Nickel (II) ion), vanadium (eg, vanadium (V) ion), indium, gallium, mercury, silver, lead, uranium, plutonium, cesium, barium, lanthan
- the amount of adsorption of metal ions and iodine ions per g of the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body of the present invention is, for example, 0.2 to 10 (ion mmol / g of porous body), preferably 1 to 7 ( Ion mmol / g of porous material).
- the amount of iodine adsorbed is, for example, 0.2 to 10 (iodine mmol / g of porous body), preferably 1 to 7 (iodine mmol / g of porous body).
- the method for producing an amidoxime-modified PAN porous material of the present invention reacts hydroxylamine with a monolithic PAN porous material having a thickness of 1 mm or more and containing PAN as a main component, A step of converting a nitrile group of the PAN porous material into an amidoxime group.
- hydroxylamine is used in an amount of, for example, 0.05 to 5 equivalents, preferably 0.1 to 4 equivalents, relative to the PAN porous material.
- hydroxylamine is in the form of a salt, it is preferably used after neutralizing it to a free amine in this step.
- This step can be performed by mixing the PAN porous material and hydroxylamine in a solvent and heating at 40 to 100 ° C. for 1 to 24 hours, for example.
- a solvent alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) can be used.
- the obtained PAN-oxime porous material may be washed by shaking in water, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, DMF, DMAc and NMP. Further, after the heating and / or after the washing, the obtained PAN-oxime porous material may be dried at a temperature such as normal temperature under normal pressure or vacuum.
- the monolithic PAN porous material having a thickness of 1 mm or more as a raw material and containing PAN as a main component is heated as described above.
- a PAN solution by dissolving in a solvent
- a molded body precipitated by cooling the PAN solution soaking the molded body in another solvent, replacing the solvent with the other solvent, It is preferably produced by a method comprising a step of obtaining a porous body containing PAN as a component (hereinafter referred to as “production example of the PAN porous body”).
- the solvent includes a poor solvent for PAN and a good solvent for PAN, and the poor solvent includes water, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerin.
- the good solvent is a porous material obtained by a method which is one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone. Is preferred.
- the PAN porous material (raw material) in the present invention is monolithic and thicker than the membrane.
- the shape of the porous body is not limited, but the shortest of the three vertical and horizontal heights of the porous body is referred to as the thickness for convenience.
- the thickness of the PAN porous body of the present invention is 1 mm or more, preferably 1.5 mm or more, more preferably 2 mm or more.
- the PAN porous body (raw material) in the present invention has, for example, pores having a pore diameter of 0.1 to 15 ⁇ m, the skeleton diameter of the pores is, for example, 0.05 to 8 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the PAN porous body is 1 mm.
- the BET area is 5 to 800 m 2 / g.
- the PAN porous body preferably has pores having a pore diameter of 0.3 to 10 ⁇ m, the pore has a skeleton diameter of 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, and the porous body has a thickness of 1.5 mm or more.
- the BET area is 20 to 800 m 2 / g.
- the pore diameter is preferably 0.3 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the skeleton diameter of the pores is preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.2 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the BET specific surface area of the polyacrylonitrile porous material (raw material) in the present invention is preferably 20 to 800 m 2 / g, more preferably 50 to 500 m 2 / g.
- the BET specific surface area can be specifically measured by the method described in the examples.
- the pore diameter and the skeleton diameter can be obtained from an image taken using a scanning electron microscope.
- the molecular weight of PAN is not limited, but the average molecular weight is, for example, 10,000 to 5,000,000, preferably 20,000 to 4,000,000, more preferably 30,000 to 3,000,000. It is.
- PAN is heated and dissolved in a solvent to obtain a PAN solution.
- the heating temperature is, for example, 70 to 95 ° C., preferably 70 to 90 ° C.
- physical stimulation may be applied. Examples of the physical stimulation include stirring, shaking, ultrasonic treatment, and the like.
- the solvent preferably includes a poor solvent for PAN and a good solvent for PAN as described above.
- the poor solvent for PAN is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of water, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol and glycerin, preferably from the group consisting of water, acetonitrile and ethylene glycol.
- the good solvent for PAN is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone, preferably 1 selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide. That's it.
- Each of the poor solvent for PAN and the good solvent for PAN may be a mixture of one or more kinds.
- the poor solvent means a solvent having a small ability to dissolve the PAN. Specifically, it means that 1 g or more of PAN, preferably 0.8 g or more, more preferably 0.5 g or more does not dissolve with respect to 1 L of the poor solvent.
- the good solvent means a solvent having a large ability to dissolve the PAN. Specifically, it means that 10 g or more, preferably 15 g or more, more preferably 20 g or more of PAN is dissolved in 1 L of the good solvent.
- the content of the good solvent is, for example, 10 to 95% by volume, preferably 20 to 90% by volume, more preferably 80 to 90% by volume. It is.
- the concentration of PAN in the PAN solution is, for example, 40 to 300 mg / ml, preferably 50 to 200 mg / ml, more preferably 60 to 200 mg / ml.
- the PAN solution is then cooled to obtain a formed body.
- the cooling temperature is, for example, ⁇ 20 to 60 ° C., preferably ⁇ 5 to 45 ° C., and more preferably ⁇ 5 to 40 ° C.
- This cooling time is, for example, 1 minute to 24 hours, preferably 1 minute to 1.5 hours, and more preferably 2 minutes to 1 hour.
- the molded body is immersed in another solvent, the solvent is replaced with the other solvent, and a porous body containing PAN as a main component is obtained.
- the other solvent is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of water, lower alcohol, acetone and acetonitrile, and more preferably water, methanol, acetone and acetonitrile.
- examples of the lower alcohol include lower alcohols having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol. I-butanol, t-butanol, n-pentanol, t-amyl alcohol and n-hexanol.
- the obtained molded body may be dried to obtain a porous body.
- the drying is performed at, for example, 0 to 90 ° C., preferably 0 to 80 ° C.
- the drying is performed, for example, under reduced pressure to normal pressure, preferably under reduced pressure.
- the drying may be performed by freeze drying.
- nitrile groups per g are amidoximeated.
- the amidoxime-modified PAN porous material of the present invention is monolithic and thicker than the membrane.
- the shape of the porous body is not limited, but the shortest of the three vertical and horizontal heights of the porous body is referred to as the thickness for convenience.
- the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body of the present invention has a thickness of 1 mm or more, preferably 1.5 mm or more, and more preferably 2 mm or more.
- the amidoxime-modified PAN porous body of the present invention has, for example, pores having a pore diameter of 0.1 to 15 ⁇ m, the pores have a skeleton diameter of 0.05 to 8 ⁇ m, and the porous body has a thickness of 1 mm or more.
- the BET area is 5 to 800 mm 2 / g.
- the PAN-oxime porous body preferably has pores having a pore diameter of 0.3 to 10 ⁇ m, the skeleton diameter of the pores is 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the porous body is 1.5 mm or more.
- the BET area is 20 to 800 m 2 / g.
- the pore diameter is preferably 0.3 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m.
- the skeleton diameter of the pores is preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.2 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous body is preferably 1.5 mm or more, and more preferably 2 mm or more.
- the BET area is preferably 20 to 800 m 2 / g, more preferably 50 to 500 m 2 / g.
- the BET specific surface area can be specifically measured by the method described in the examples.
- Such a porous body can be used as, for example, a filter or an adsorbent.
- the pore diameter and the skeleton diameter can be obtained from an image taken using a scanning electron microscope.
- FIG. 2 An SEM photograph of the obtained PAN porous material is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the PAN porous body was confirmed to be a porous body having a co-continuous structure having a skeleton diameter of 0.45 to 0.87 ⁇ m and a pore diameter of 0.79 to 2.59 ⁇ m. In addition, it can be estimated from the fact that the pores have the same or similar shape in the SEM photographs of a plurality of porous body samples.
- the obtained PAN porous body was degassed for 40 minutes at 60 ° C. under a nitrogen stream using a sample degasser, and then the specific surface area was measured by the BET three-point method.
- the specific surface area value by the obtained BET method was 223 m ⁇ 2 > / g. It was confirmed that the PAN porous body obtained from this value was a porous body having a sufficiently large specific surface area.
- porous body was dried at room temperature under vacuum to obtain a PAN-oxime porous body, the mass of the obtained PAN-oxime porous body increased by 29.8%, and the introduction of amidoxime groups Rate is 6 51mmol was / (g of the porous body).
- FIG. 3 An SEM photograph of the obtained porous body is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the PAN-oxime porous body was also a porous body having a co-continuous structure having a skeleton diameter of 0.35 to 0.93 ⁇ m and a pore diameter of 0.97 to 2.19 ⁇ m. .
- the fact that the pores have a co-continuous structure could be inferred from the fact that the pore shapes are the same or similar in SEM photographs of a plurality of PAN-oxime porous body samples.
- the obtained PAN-oxime porous material was degassed for 40 minutes at 60 ° C. under a nitrogen stream using a sample degasser, and then the specific surface area was measured by the BET three-point method.
- the specific surface area value obtained by the BET method was 133 m 2 / g.
- the PAN-oxime porous material obtained from this value was confirmed to be a porous material having a sufficiently large specific surface area.
- PAN-oxime porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that was used. The mass of the obtained PAN-oxime porous material was increased by 49.5%, the introduction rate of amidoxime groups was 10.03 mmol / (g of porous material), and the specific surface area value by BET method was 95 m 2 / g. The resulting PAN-oxime porous material had (B) / (A) of 194.
- PAN-oxime porous material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction time was used.
- the mass of the obtained PAN-oxime porous material was increased by 13.3%, the introduction rate of amidoxime groups was 3.51 mmol / (g of porous material), and the specific surface area value by BET method was 190 m 2 / g.
- the (B) / (A) of the obtained PAN-oxime porous material was 2.0.
- Example 2 instead of the amidoximed PAN porous material obtained in Example 2, the PAN porous material prepared in Example 1 (1) was used in the same manner as in the above (1) (a). The change in concentration of the aqueous copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate solution after stirring was calculated. The amount of copper ion (II) adsorbed by the PAN-oxime porous material was calculated from the difference in concentration of the copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate aqueous solution before and after stirring. This example is referred to as Reference Example 1. Table 2 shows the results obtained in (a) to (c).
- the PAN-oxime porous material of the present invention has an adsorption ability for copper ions (II).
- the PAN-oxime porous material of the present invention has an adsorption ability for copper ions (II), iron ions (III), nickel ions (II) and vanadium ions (V). It was.
- the PAN-oxime porous material of the present invention showed a higher copper (II) ion adsorption amount than the above-mentioned commercially available chelate resin under the above measurement conditions.
- a PAN-oxime porous body was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that a sample tube having a diameter of 8.0 mm was used instead of the diameter of 15 mm (dimension: approximately 8.0 mm in diameter and 15 mm in thickness) ).
- the PAN-oxime porous material was inserted into a heat-shrinkable tube (made of polyethylene, dimensions: inner diameter 8.8 mm, length 3.0 cm) and heated at 105 ° C. for 15 minutes. The tube contracted by heating to obtain a filter containing the PAN-oxime porous material inside.
- V vanadium ion
- the filter containing the PAN-oxime porous body of the present invention can adsorb copper ions (II) and vanadium ions (V) at a high speed.
- the PAN-oxime porous material obtained by the method of the present invention has continuous pores and a thickness of 1 mm or more, and has a high metal ion adsorption capacity even during high-speed processing, it can be used as a filter, adsorbent, etc. There is a possibility of application.
Abstract
Description
PANを加熱して溶媒に溶解させてPAN溶液を得、
前記PAN溶液を冷却して析出した成形体を得、
前記成形体を別の溶媒に浸漬させて、前記溶媒を前記別の溶媒と置換させ、厚みが1mm以上であるモノリス状の、主成分としてPANを含むPAN多孔質体を得る工程を含み、
前記溶媒は、ポリアクリロニトリルに対する貧溶媒と、ポリアクリロニトリルに対する良溶媒とを含み、
前記貧溶媒は、水、アセトニトリル、エチレングリコール、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコールおよびグリセリンからなる群から選択される1以上であり、
前記良溶媒は、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミドおよびN-メチルピロリドンからなる群から選択される1以上である方法により得られるのが好ましい。
1.2≦(B)/(A)≦500
(A)は、2262cm-1におけるアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体の赤外吸収スペクトルのピーク高さを意味し、
(B)は、1652cm-1におけるアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体の赤外吸収スペクトルのピーク高さを意味する。
前記(B)/(A)は、1.5≦(B)/(A)≦300がより好ましい。
本明細書の記載において、以下の略語を使用する。
PAN:ポリアクリロニトリル
DMSO:ジメチルスルホキシド
走査型電子顕微鏡:日立S-3000N(株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ製)
BET:マイクロメリティックス トライスター3000(島津製作所製)
ICP発光分析:商品名:ICPS-7510(島津製作所製)
赤外分光計:商品名:Spectrum One FT-IRフーリエ変換赤外分光分析装置(株式会社パーキンエルマージャポン製)
本明細書において孔径および骨格径は、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて撮影した画像より求めた。
PAN(平均分子量Mw=150,000)をDMSO/H2O(88/12vol%)混合溶媒に100g/mlの濃度で加え、75℃で攪拌した。完全に溶解させた後、攪拌子を取り出して、0℃の水浴で60分間静置した。冷却後、相分離が起こり、サンプル管(円柱状)の形状の成形体が得られた(図1参照)。この成形体をメタノール(別の溶媒)中に浸して、バイオシェーカー中20℃で24時間振とうした。24時間中にメタノールを3回交換して溶媒のDMSOと水をメタノールに置換した。その後4時間常温で減圧乾燥を行い、メタノールを除去してPAN多孔質体を得た(寸法:直径15mm、厚み15mmの略円柱状)。
得られたPAN多孔質体について、15.0mAの放電電流で150sスパッタリングを行った後、15.0kVから25.0kVの印加電圧でSEM観察を行った。
得られたPAN多孔質体について、サンプル脱ガス装置を用い、窒素気流下60℃で40分間脱気した後、BET3点法による比表面積測定を行った。得られたPAN多孔質体について、得られたBET法による比表面積値は、223m2/gであった。この値から得られたPAN多孔質体は十分に大きい比表面積を有する多孔質体であることが確認できた。
ヒドロキシルアミン塩酸塩(0.834g、12.0mmol)のメタノール(15mL)溶液に、水酸化ナトリウム(0.480g、12.0mmol)を加えて、塩酸塩を中和した。析出した塩化ナトリウムをろ過により除去し、得られたろ液にメタノール(15mL)を加えて0.40Mのヒドロキシルアミンのメタノール溶液を調製した。
得られたPAN-オキシム多孔質体について、15.0mAの放電電流で150sスパッタリングを行った後、15.0kVから25.0kVの印加電圧でSEM観察を行った。
得られた多孔質体のIR(赤外吸収スペクトル)スペクトルにより、ニトリル基由来のピークが減少し、代わりにアミドキシム由来のピークが出現したことからも、アミドキシム化が進行したことを確認した(図4参照)。(A)は、2262cm-1におけるPAN-オキシム多孔質体の赤外吸収スペクトルのピーク高さを意味し、(B)は、1652cm-1におけるPAN-オキシム多孔質体の赤外吸収スペクトルのピーク高さを意味する場合、得られたPAN-オキシム多孔質体の(B)/(A)は、5.5であった。
得られたPAN-オキシム多孔質体について、サンプル脱ガス装置を用い、窒素気流下60℃で40分間脱気した後、BET3点法による比表面積測定を行った。得られたPAN-オキシム多孔質体について、得られたBET法による比表面積値は、133m2/gであった。この値から得られたPAN-オキシム多孔質体は十分に大きい比表面積を有する多孔質体であることが確認できた。
(1)銅イオン(II)吸着量の測定
(a)実施例2で得たPAN-オキシム多孔質体(10.8mg)を硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液(10mmol/L、10mL、pH5、0.1M 酢酸塩緩衝液)中で24時間室温で攪拌した。攪拌後の溶液の765nmにおける吸光度を測定した。得られた吸光度の値から、硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液の濃度変化を算出した。攪拌前後の硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液の濃度の差から、PAN-オキシム多孔質体による銅イオン(II)の吸着量を算出した。
実施例2で得たPAN-オキシム多孔質体(9.4mg)を塩化鉄(III)六水和物水溶液(10mmol/L、10mL、pH5、0.1M 酢酸塩緩衝液)中で24時間室温で攪拌した。攪拌後の溶液の479.5nmにおける吸光度を測定した。得られた吸光度の値から、塩化鉄(III)六水和物水溶液の濃度変化を算出した。攪拌前後の塩化鉄(III)六水和物水溶液の濃度の差から、PAN-オキシム多孔質体による鉄イオン(III)の吸着量を算出した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
実施例2で得たPAN-オキシム多孔質体(9.8mg)を硫酸ニッケル(II)六水和物水溶液(50mmol/L、10mL、pH5、0.1M 酢酸塩緩衝液)中で24時間室温で攪拌した。前記多孔質体を硫酸ニッケル(II)六水和物水溶液から取り出し、塩酸(1.0mmol/L、5mL)中に24時間浸漬させた。前記多孔質体からその塩酸に溶離したニッケル(II)イオン量を、ICP発光分析により測定した。この溶離したニッケル(II)イオン量が、前記多孔質体が吸着したニッケル(II)イオン量に対応する。得られた結果を表3に示す。
実施例2で得たPAN-オキシム多孔質体(11.9mg)をオルトバナジン(V)酸ナトリウム水溶液(10mmol/L、10mL、pH5、0.1M 酢酸塩緩衝液)中で24時間室温で攪拌した。攪拌後の溶液の430.0nmにおける吸光度を測定した。得られた吸光度の値から、オルトバナジン(V)酸ナトリウム水溶液の濃度変化を算出した。攪拌前後のオルトバナジン(V)酸ナトリウム水溶液の濃度の差から、PAN-オキシム多孔質体によるバナジウムイオン(V)の吸着量を算出した。得られた結果を表3に示す。
(a)比較例1
アミドキシム型キレート樹脂(商品名「スミキレート(商標)MC900」、住化ケムテックス株式会社製、50mg)を硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液(10mmol/L、20mL、pH5、0.1M 酢酸塩緩衝液)中で24時間室温で攪拌した。攪拌後の溶液の765nmにおける吸光度を測定した。得られた吸光度の値から、硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液の濃度変化を算出した。攪拌前後の硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液の濃度の差から、アミドキシム型キレート樹脂による銅イオン(II)の吸着量を算出した。得られた結果を表4に示す。
アミドキシム型キレート樹脂の代わりに、イミノジ酢酸型キレート樹脂(商品名「スミキレート(商標)MC700」、住化ケムテックス株式会社製、50mg)を用いて、前記(5)(a)とそれぞれ同様にして、攪拌後の硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液の濃度変化を算出した。攪拌前後の硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液の濃度の差から、イミノジ酢酸型キレート樹脂による銅イオン(II)の吸着量を算出した。得られた結果を表4に示す。
直径15mmの代わりに直径8.0mmの寸法のサンプル管を用いた以外は実施例3と同様にして、PAN-オキシム多孔質体を得た(寸法:直径8.0mm、厚み15mmの略円柱状)。そのPAN-オキシム多孔質体を熱収縮チューブ(ポリエチレン製、寸法:内径8.8mm、長さ3.0cm)に挿入し、105℃で15分間加熱した。加熱によりチューブは収縮し、PAN-オキシム多孔質体を内部に収納したフィルターを得た。
PAN-オキシム多孔質体を内部に収納したフィルターに、硫酸銅(II)五水和物水溶液(1.57mmol/L、5mL、pH5、0.1M 酢酸塩緩衝液)を通液した(SV100時間-1)。フィルターを通過した後と前の溶液中に存在する銅イオン(II)の量をICP発光分析により測定した。得られた結果を表5に示す。なお、SVは、Space Velocityの略であり、単位時間および多孔質体の容積あたりの流量を意味する。
PAN-オキシム多孔質体を内部に収納したフィルターに、酸化バナジウム(V)水溶液(1.96mmol/L、5mL、pH5、0.1M 酢酸塩緩衝液)を通液した(SV100時間-1)。フィルターを通過した溶液中に存在する銅イオン(II)の量をICP発光分析により測定した。得られた結果を表5に示す。
Claims (14)
- 厚みが1mm以上であるモノリス状の、主成分としてポリアクリロニトリルを含むポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体に、ヒドロキシルアミンを反応させ、前記ポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体のニトリル基の一部をアミドキシム基へ変換することにより得られた、アミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体。
- 前記ポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体が、
ポリアクリロニトリルを加熱して溶媒に溶解させてポリアクリロニトリル溶液を得、
前記ポリアクリロニトリル溶液を冷却して析出した成形体を得、
前記成形体を別の溶媒に浸漬させて、前記溶媒を前記別の溶媒と置換させ、厚みが1mm以上であるモノリス状の、主成分としてポリアクリロニトリルを含むポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体を得る工程を含み、
前記溶媒が、ポリアクリロニトリルに対する貧溶媒と、ポリアクリロニトリルに対する良溶媒とを含み、
前記貧溶媒は、水、アセトニトリル、エチレングリコール、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコールおよびグリセリンからなる群から選択される1以上であり、
前記良溶媒は、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミドおよびN-メチルピロリドンからなる群から選択される1以上である方法により得られる請求項1に記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体。 - gあたり0.1~20mmolのニトリル基がアミドキシム基へ変換されている、請求項1または2に記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体。
- 孔径0.1~15μmの孔を有し、前記孔の骨格径が0.05~8μmであり、前記多孔質体の厚みが1mm以上であり、かつ、BET面積が、5~800m2/gである請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体。
- 赤外吸収スペクトルにおいて、以下の式を満たす請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体。
1.2≦(B)/(A)≦500
(A)は、2262cm-1におけるアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体の赤外吸収スペクトルのピーク高さを意味し、
(B)は、1652cm-1におけるアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体の赤外吸収スペクトルのピーク高さを意味する。 - 金属のイオンならびにヨウ素イオンおよびヨウ素を吸着するための請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体。
- 前記金属が、銅、鉄、ニッケル、バナジウム、インジウム、ガリウム、水銀、銀、鉛、ウラン、プルトニウム、セシウム、バリウム、ランタン、タリウムおよびストロンチウムからなる群から選択される請求項6に記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体。
- 前記金属のイオンおよびヨウ素イオンの吸着量が、0.2~10(イオンmmol/多孔質体のg)であり、ヨウ素の吸着量が、0.2~10(ヨウ素mmol/多孔質体のg)である請求項6または7に記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体をカラムに充填した金属のイオンならびにヨウ素イオンおよびヨウ素を吸着するためのカラム。
- 前記金属が、銅、鉄、ニッケル、バナジウム、インジウム、ガリウム、水銀、銀、鉛、ウラン、プルトニウム、セシウム、バリウム、ランタン、タリウムおよびストロンチウムからなる群から選択される請求項9に記載のカラム。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のアミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体を用いて、金属のイオンならびにヨウ素イオンおよびヨウ素を吸着する金属吸着方法。
- 前記金属が、銅、鉄、ニッケル、バナジウム、インジウム、ガリウム、水銀、銀、鉛、ウラン、プルトニウム、セシウム、バリウム、ランタン、タリウムおよびストロンチウムからなる群から選択される請求項11に記載の金属吸着方法。
- 厚みが1mm以上であるモノリス状の、主成分としてポリアクリロニトリルを含むポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体に、ヒドロキシルアミンを反応させて、前記ポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体のニトリル基の一部をアミドキシム基へ変換する工程を含む、アミドキシム修飾されたポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体の製造方法。
- 前記ポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体が、
ポリアクリロニトリルを加熱して溶媒に溶解させてポリアクリロニトリル溶液を得、
前記ポリアクリロニトリル溶液を冷却して析出した成形体を得、
前記成形体を別の溶媒に浸漬させて、前記溶媒を前記別の溶媒と置換させ、厚みが1mm以上であるモノリス状の、ポリアクリロニトリルを含むポリアクリロニトリル多孔質体を得る工程を含み、
前記溶媒が、ポリアクリロニトリルに対する貧溶媒と、ポリアクリロニトリルに対する良溶媒とを含み、
前記貧溶媒は、水、アセトニトリル、エチレングリコール、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコールおよびグリセリンからなる群から選択される1以上であり、
前記良溶媒は、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミドおよびN-メチルピロリドンからなる群から選択される1以上である方法により得られる請求項13に記載の製造方法。
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KR20230030192A (ko) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-03-06 | 공성욱 | 아민화 폴리아크릴로니트릴 구조체를 지닌 다공질 킬레이트 비드 및 이의 제조방법 |
KR102567016B1 (ko) | 2021-08-25 | 2023-08-14 | 공성욱 | 아민화 폴리아크릴로니트릴 구조체를 지닌 다공질 킬레이트 비드 및 이의 제조방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2617760A1 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
JPWO2012036034A1 (ja) | 2014-02-03 |
EP2617760A4 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
US20130168322A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
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