WO2012035090A1 - Magnus-rotor mit führungsrollenabdeckung - Google Patents
Magnus-rotor mit führungsrollenabdeckung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012035090A1 WO2012035090A1 PCT/EP2011/065984 EP2011065984W WO2012035090A1 WO 2012035090 A1 WO2012035090 A1 WO 2012035090A1 EP 2011065984 W EP2011065984 W EP 2011065984W WO 2012035090 A1 WO2012035090 A1 WO 2012035090A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- magnus rotor
- cover
- guide roller
- tread surface
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/02—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using Magnus effect
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
- Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
- Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a Magnus rotor with a guide roller cover.
- Magnus rotors are also referred to as Flettner rotors or sail rotors.
- Magnus rotors are known in the art. In particular, as ship propulsion they have become known under the term Flettner rotor and in the book "The Sailing Machine” by Klaus D. Wagner, Ernst Arthur Verlag GmbH, Hamburg, 1991, is the equipment of ships with such a Flettner rotor or Magnus Described rotor.
- the guide rollers may be located inside the Magnus rotor and supporting it from inside or outside to support the Magnus rotor from the outside.
- elastic tires are used as the wheels of motor vehicles.
- a Magnus rotor with at least three guide rollers is known, which are arranged on the lower outer circumference of the Magnus rotor and rest without play on this.
- the guide rollers are covered with a segmented cover.
- the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a simpler way to gain access to these for maintenance and replacement of leadership roles.
- a Magnus rotor is described with a carrier, which is arranged in the interior of the Magnus rotor.
- the Magnus rotor has a rotor which rotates around the carrier during operation of the Magnus rotor.
- a bearing carries the rotor on the carrier.
- the Magnus rotor has below its guide rollers each have a tread, which is also covered and protected when the cover is folded. In the folded down state, the cover releases both the guide roller to be worked on and its tread so that it can be entered or used for work and the personnel can safely carry out maintenance or replacement from this tread surface.
- This tread surface avoids the need for personnel to gain access to the appropriate leadership role for maintenance or replacement work via a ladder or work platform.
- This ladder or platform would be, especially on the deck of a ship to secure against slipping or process only with great effort.
- the risk of slipping can never be completely eliminated, which also causes the slipping of eg ladders or work platforms.
- ladders, work platforms and similar aids to achieve a leadership role is always a source of danger to the staff, which can be avoided according to the invention by the below or next to the guide roller provided tread.
- the tread surface is formed as part of a base plate or a ship deck or the like on which the Magnus rotor is mounted. This ensures that the tread can not move relative to the ship's deck as it is designed as part of the ship's deck, i. is part of the ship's deck or even the foot or substructure of the Magnus rotor.
- the tread surface is provided with a surface or the surface is coated to prevent slippage on the tread surface. This is advantageous to reduce the risk of slipping on entering the tread or standing on the tread, since just when working on a ship's deck by stumbling or falling down the staff is at great risk, for. by overboard falling.
- the cover has a movement device which is designed to hold the cover in the opened state at a vertical height above the tread surface.
- this movement device on the one hand the folding up and down of the cover or each cover segment allows.
- this prevents a complete folding down or even dropping the cover segment on the ground or the ship's deck, since the cover segment can be kept at a certain height above the ground or ship deck by the movement device. It is advantageous to choose this particular height so that the cover segment is at least partially positioned above the Trittfiambae. This can be created by the folded down cover segment protection that prevents falling of a person who is on the tread surface on the ground or the ship's deck.
- the movement device is configured to extend in an open state of the cover in a substantially radial direction of the Magnus rotor from the latter to the opened cover above the tread.
- the folded-down cover to the rear and / or the movement device to the sides together or in each case alone to protect against falling of a person staying on the tread surface.
- a work cock is designed to give a person staying on the tread protection in all directions against falling down.
- the movement device is secured by means of a locking device in the closed state of the cover.
- a locking device in the closed state of the cover.
- This is advantageous because the cover is secured by this locking and prevents accidental folding down, i. Open, especially in heavy seas of a ship on which the Magnus rotor is used, can be secured.
- each segment of the cover can be individually opened, i. be folded down.
- This lock is advantageously accessible from the outside and easy and fast without tools and tools, e.g. to be operated by a rotation of 90 °.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a perspective view of a Magnus rotor
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a simplified side view of a Magnus rotor
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a perspective view of a Magnus rotor
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a perspective view of a Magnus rotor
- FIG. 6 shows an illustration of a Magnus rotor whose cover segments of the guide rollers are closed
- FIG. 7 shows an illustration of a Magnus rotor whose cover segments of the guide rollers are partially opened
- Fig. 9 shows an illustration of a guide roller of a Magnus rotor whose cover segment is open
- Fig. 10 shows a detailed illustration of a Magnus rotor.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a perspective view of a Magnus rotor 2.
- the Magnus rotor 2 has a rotor 8, which is preferably cylindrical. At the upper end of the rotor 8, an end plate 10 is attached. As far as the Magnus rotor 2 on a (not shown) base plate such. As a ship's deck or the like, a corresponding end plate at its lower end is not required, since this is formed by the plate or the deck itself.
- the rotor 8 is supported by a carrier 4, which is arranged in the interior of the rotor 8 and on which the rotor 8 rotates through the intermediary of a bearing 6.
- This bearing 6 may be a known rolling bearing or any other suitable design of a bearing.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a simplified side view of a Magnus rotor 2 with the inner support 4, the outer rotor 8, the bearing 6 and the end plate 10.
- the Magnus rotor 2 is mounted on a base 20, which is a base plate, a ship's deck or the like can be.
- the covers 28a and 28d cover the lower peripheral edge of the rotor 8 and the guide rollers 12 and so on the one hand prevent foreign bodies from entering the drive or guide rollers 12 and, on the other hand, operating personnel may be injured by exposed rotating parts.
- 3 shows a schematic representation of a perspective view of a Magnus rotor 2.
- rotor 8 is shown with a closed surface, so that the carrier 4 is not shown.
- the covers 28 are in a closed position, i. in a folded-up position, so that the covers 28 cover the guide rollers 12.
- Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a perspective view of a Magnus rotor 2 with opened, i. folded down covers 28, which share the view of the underlying guide rollers 12.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic simplified representation of cover segments 28a to 28h of the guide rollers 12 of a Magnus rotor 2 in a plan view of the rotor 8 without the end plate 10 and without the illustration of the carrier 4 and the bearing 6.
- Covers 28a to 28h are arranged around.
- the covers 28a, 28b and 28c are covers under which the guide rollers 12 are arranged, while the covers 28d to 28h cover the guide rollers 12. Segmentation does not require the entire cover to be removed each time to gain access to individual parts of the drive and guide system.
- Fig. 6 shows a representation of a Magnus rotor 2, the cover segments 28a to 28h of the guide rollers 12 are closed. In this case, the lower portion of a Magnus rotor 8 is shown, which is mounted on a substrate 20 as the deck of a ship.
- Fig. 7 shows an illustration of a Magnus rotor 2, whose cover segments 28a to 28h of the guide rollers are partially opened.
- the cover segments 28a to 28c are opened, i. folded down towards the ground 20 like a ship's deck.
- FIG. 8 shows a representation of guide rollers 12 of a Magnus rotor 2.
- tires of motor vehicles can be used.
- the guide rollers 12 are mounted on a rotation axis, which is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the Magnus rotor 2. They are provided at the lower peripheral edge of the rotor 8.
- the guide rollers 12 are distributed over the entire circumference of the rotor 8 and are free of play on it. Even if z. B. by a gust of wind and the relatively high arranged storage (see, eg, Fig.
- a major advantage of this guide system is its good accessibility and its simple structure.
- the structure of the guide rollers 12 by the use of motor vehicle tires corresponds to the structure of a wheel suspension in a motor vehicle. Therefore, the nature of the assembly of the guide rollers 12 is common and known, which is why replacement of the guide rollers 12 can be done very easily and without special training or tools, since only the same tool as in a tire change of a motor vehicle is required. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the guide rollers 12 are located outside of the rotor 8.
- Fig. 9 shows an illustration of a guide roller 12 of a Magnus rotor 2, the cover segment 28a is opened. The adjacent cover segments 28b and 28h are closed. The cover segment 28a is folded down so far that a tread surface 29, which is located below the guide roller 12, is visible. This tread surface 29 is provided below the guide roller 12 and is also covered by the cover segment 28a when it is folded over the guide roller 12 and closed.
- stirrups 30 are provided on both sides of the cover segment 28a.
- the cover segment 28a is secured by means of two levers 31a and 31b in the folded-up state.
- FIG. 10 shows a detailed illustration of a Magnus rotor 2.
- the rotor 8 with end plate 10 is shown.
- the rotor 8 of the Magnus rotor 2 rests with the bearing 6 on the inner support 4.
- the guide rollers 12 and their covers 28, here the cover segments 28a and 28d shown.
- a drive 15 is arranged in the interior of the carrier 4, which drives the rotor 8 by means of a drive shaft 15a, which is guided by the bearing 6 from the carrier 4 into the rotor 8.
- the rotor 8 and the drive shaft 15a have the same axis of rotation.
- a significant advantage of the cover 28 of the invention for the guide rollers 12 is, on the one hand, that the individual cover segments 28a to 28h independently close and open, i. let it fold up and down. Thus, individual guide rollers 12 can be serviced or replaced without having to remove the entire cover 28 and reassemble.
- the tread surface 29 allows maintenance or replacement of a guide roller 12 to be performed from a safe working position for the personnel can.
- the tread surface 29 is formed as part of the lower portion of the Magnus rotor 2 or fixedly mounted on this. As a result, the tread surface, even with strong ship movements, experience no relative movement relative to the Magnus rotor 2 and the guide rollers 12, through which the working on the guide roller 12 and standing on the tread 29 staff could be endangered.
- the cover segment 28a can be used easily and space-saving, ie, fold up and down.
- the brackets are provided in such a way that they hold the cover segment 28a in a position folded down so far that the cover segment 28a is held at a height such that the cover segment 28a extends in the radial direction, ie behind a person who is standing on the tread 29. forms a parapet, ie a protection against falling from the tread to the rear.
- the brackets 30 serve as lateral protection against falling.
- the folded-down cover segment 28a and the brackets 30 provide the personnel located on the tread 29 with a protected area, for example when working on the guide roller, in which the work can be carried out relatively safely, ie the personnel at least to the side and to the rear protected against falling down.
- This is particularly advantageous when using a Magnus rotor 2 on a ship, as dropping can then easily result in over-board falling.
- levers 31a and 31b are advantageous for securing the cover segment 28a on both sides and thereby distributing the load evenly on both sides of the cover segment 28a.
- the levers 31a and 31b which are accessible from the outside of the cover segment 28a, the cover segment 28a can be easily accessible, operated quickly and by a person without tools or aids.
- the levers 31a and 31b may be provided so that they can rotate by a 90 ° rotation about their axis of rotation perpendicular to the outer surface of the cover segment 28a in this area for releasing and closing their locking.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL11758194T PL2616328T3 (pl) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | Rotor Magnusa z osłoną rolek prowadzących |
EP11758194.2A EP2616328B1 (de) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | Magnus-rotor mit führungsrollenabdeckung |
KR1020137008789A KR101557207B1 (ko) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | 가이드 롤러 커버를 포함하는 마그누스 로터 |
ES11758194.2T ES2550062T3 (es) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | Rotor Magnus con tapa para rodillos guía |
CA2811496A CA2811496C (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | Magnus rotor comprising a guide roller cover |
JP2013528669A JP5528635B2 (ja) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | 案内ローラカバーを備えるマグヌスロータ |
US13/822,856 US9187163B2 (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | Magnus rotor comprising a guide roller cover |
CN201180044876.0A CN103140417B (zh) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | 具有引导滚轮覆盖件的马格努斯转子 |
DK11758194.2T DK2616328T3 (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | Magnus rotor with guide roller cover |
HRP20150953TT HRP20150953T1 (en) | 2010-09-16 | 2015-09-09 | Magnus rotor comprising a guide roller cover |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010040919.7 | 2010-09-16 | ||
DE102010040919A DE102010040919A1 (de) | 2010-09-16 | 2010-09-16 | Magnus-Rotor mit Führungsrollenabdeckung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012035090A1 true WO2012035090A1 (de) | 2012-03-22 |
Family
ID=44654111
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/065984 WO2012035090A1 (de) | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-15 | Magnus-rotor mit führungsrollenabdeckung |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9187163B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2616328B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5528635B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101557207B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN103140417B (de) |
CA (1) | CA2811496C (de) |
CY (1) | CY1116889T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102010040919A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK2616328T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2550062T3 (de) |
HR (1) | HRP20150953T1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL2616328T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT2616328E (de) |
TW (1) | TWI427017B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012035090A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015150624A1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-08 | Norsepower Oy Ltd | Method of manufacturing a rotor body of a magnus-type rotor |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2514867B (en) * | 2013-11-17 | 2015-08-05 | Norsepower Oy | Propulsion systems for aquatic vessels |
WO2019157483A2 (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2019-08-15 | Holohan Eric | Methods and systems for a vertically-variable ocean rotor system |
CN108808919A (zh) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-13 | 中国船舶科学研究中心(中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所) | 风力助推转子内部电磁驱动设备 |
KR20220072250A (ko) | 2020-11-25 | 2022-06-02 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 매그너스 로터의 하부 구조 |
KR20220099279A (ko) | 2021-01-06 | 2022-07-13 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | 텐셔너가 구비된 매그너스 로터의 지지구조 장치 |
CN114228965B (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-03-21 | 中船重工(上海)节能技术发展有限公司 | 一种用于抑制风力助推转子晃动的控制装置及风力助推系统 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH116268A (de) | 1924-07-26 | 1926-08-16 | Naamlooze Vennootschap Institu | Flettner-Rotor. |
US4602584A (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1986-07-29 | Henry North | Propulsion device for a ship |
WO2006133950A2 (de) | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-21 | Wobben, Aloys | Schiff |
DE102006025732A1 (de) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Wobben, Aloys | Magnusrotor |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE54215C (de) | societe Anonyme francaise des Bascules Aütomatiques in Paris, Nr. 23 Boulevard de Strasbourg; Vertreter : wirth & co. in Frankfurt a. M | Papierfalzmaschine | ||
DD54215A (de) * | ||||
AT110303B (de) | 1924-07-26 | 1928-08-10 | Inst Voor Aero En Hydro Dynami | Quertriebswalze. |
US1697779A (en) | 1925-06-15 | 1929-01-01 | Roos Willem | Rudder for ships |
DE558426C (de) | 1928-07-02 | 1932-09-07 | Antonio Longo Dr | Vorrichtung zur Herabsetzung der bei Drehzylindern mit Magnuseffekt in der Windrichtung hervorgebrachten dynamischen Wirkung |
DE1792436A1 (de) * | 1968-09-03 | 1971-11-11 | Wolfen Filmfab Veb | Schaedlingsbekaempfungsmittel mit Depotwirkung |
DE2430630A1 (de) * | 1974-06-26 | 1976-04-01 | Franz Rudolf Gross | Steuerung eines schiffes mit rotorantrieb |
US4193305A (en) * | 1978-08-16 | 1980-03-18 | Lee Hunter | Vehicle wheel and tire balance testing machine |
GB2072112B (en) | 1980-03-20 | 1983-08-24 | Austin K A | Rotors utilising the magnus effect |
DE3402065C1 (de) * | 1984-01-21 | 1985-04-18 | Deere & Co., Moline, Ill., US, Niederlassung Deere & Co. European Office, 6800 Mannheim | Schutzeinrichtung zum Verhindern der Beruehrung mindestens eines sich drehenden Teiles |
DD255923A1 (de) | 1986-11-11 | 1988-04-20 | Volkswerft Stralsund Veb | Windzusatzantrieb fuer schiffe |
DE3927712A1 (de) * | 1989-08-22 | 1991-02-28 | Boehringer Werkzeugmaschinen | Schutzabdeckung |
GB2332891B (en) | 1997-11-21 | 2001-06-20 | Kenneth Arthur Austin | Aerodynamic lift producing apparatus |
FR2774742B1 (fr) * | 1998-02-12 | 2000-05-05 | Facom | Organe de protection rabattable et equilibreuse de roue le comportant |
JP2001260991A (ja) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-26 | Hiroshi Takera | 飛行体の揚力発生装置 |
DE10304041A1 (de) * | 2003-02-01 | 2004-08-05 | Kolbus Gmbh & Co. Kg | Profilkörper für Rahmenkonstruktionen und Verwendung des Profilkörpers in einer Verkleidung |
DE102005062615A1 (de) | 2005-12-23 | 2007-06-28 | Magnus Rotor Solar Systems Ltd. | Windkraftanlage |
FI123862B (fi) * | 2008-12-08 | 2013-11-29 | Waertsilae Finland Oy | Vesialus |
-
2010
- 2010-09-16 DE DE102010040919A patent/DE102010040919A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-09-06 TW TW100132144A patent/TWI427017B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-09-15 PT PT117581942T patent/PT2616328E/pt unknown
- 2011-09-15 EP EP11758194.2A patent/EP2616328B1/de active Active
- 2011-09-15 JP JP2013528669A patent/JP5528635B2/ja active Active
- 2011-09-15 CA CA2811496A patent/CA2811496C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-09-15 CN CN201180044876.0A patent/CN103140417B/zh active Active
- 2011-09-15 US US13/822,856 patent/US9187163B2/en active Active
- 2011-09-15 WO PCT/EP2011/065984 patent/WO2012035090A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-09-15 DK DK11758194.2T patent/DK2616328T3/en active
- 2011-09-15 ES ES11758194.2T patent/ES2550062T3/es active Active
- 2011-09-15 KR KR1020137008789A patent/KR101557207B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-09-15 PL PL11758194T patent/PL2616328T3/pl unknown
-
2015
- 2015-09-09 HR HRP20150953TT patent/HRP20150953T1/hr unknown
- 2015-11-06 CY CY20151100996T patent/CY1116889T1/el unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH116268A (de) | 1924-07-26 | 1926-08-16 | Naamlooze Vennootschap Institu | Flettner-Rotor. |
US4602584A (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1986-07-29 | Henry North | Propulsion device for a ship |
WO2006133950A2 (de) | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-21 | Wobben, Aloys | Schiff |
DE102006025732A1 (de) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Wobben, Aloys | Magnusrotor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
KLAUS D. WAGNER, ERNST KABEL: "Die Segelmaschine", 1991, VERLAG GMBH |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015150624A1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-08 | Norsepower Oy Ltd | Method of manufacturing a rotor body of a magnus-type rotor |
US10099762B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2018-10-16 | Norsepower Oy Ltd | Method of manufacturing a rotor body of a Magnus-type rotor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201235261A (en) | 2012-09-01 |
ES2550062T3 (es) | 2015-11-04 |
DK2616328T3 (en) | 2015-10-05 |
JP5528635B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
US20130239859A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
CA2811496C (en) | 2016-10-04 |
CY1116889T1 (el) | 2017-04-05 |
US9187163B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 |
PL2616328T3 (pl) | 2016-01-29 |
HRP20150953T1 (en) | 2015-10-09 |
CN103140417B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
KR101557207B1 (ko) | 2015-10-02 |
PT2616328E (pt) | 2015-12-01 |
EP2616328A1 (de) | 2013-07-24 |
KR20130052016A (ko) | 2013-05-21 |
TWI427017B (zh) | 2014-02-21 |
CA2811496A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
EP2616328B1 (de) | 2015-08-26 |
CN103140417A (zh) | 2013-06-05 |
DE102010040919A1 (de) | 2012-03-22 |
JP2013537867A (ja) | 2013-10-07 |
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