WO2011158617A1 - レーザ加工装置、及びレーザ加工方法 - Google Patents
レーザ加工装置、及びレーザ加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011158617A1 WO2011158617A1 PCT/JP2011/061888 JP2011061888W WO2011158617A1 WO 2011158617 A1 WO2011158617 A1 WO 2011158617A1 JP 2011061888 W JP2011061888 W JP 2011061888W WO 2011158617 A1 WO2011158617 A1 WO 2011158617A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/18—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using absorbing layers on the workpiece, e.g. for marking or protecting purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
- B23K2103/166—Multilayered materials
- B23K2103/172—Multilayered materials wherein at least one of the layers is non-metallic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laser processing apparatus and a laser processing method.
- the laser processing method is a processing method capable of processing a wide range of materials from metals such as iron, stainless steel, aluminum, and copper to ceramics, resins, and wood.
- the metal material may be used as a design, and may be subjected to surface finish such as mirror finish or hairline finish.
- surface finish such as mirror finish or hairline finish.
- the material whose surface is finished for the purpose of design naturally loses its commercial value when the surface is damaged. Therefore, it is desirable that the metallic material for design is subjected to transportation, cutting, bending, or the like with a protective sheet attached to the front and back surfaces.
- the laser processing method is a complicated processing method in which a metal is melted by the heat of a laser beam, and an assist gas is blown into the metal to blow away the melt. May adhere to front and back.
- the material is laser processed in a state of being fixed on the processing table, but this processing table is not melted as much as possible by the laser beam, and so as not to be fused integrally with the material even if melted. Since the tip portion in contact with the material has a sharp shape so as to reduce the contact area with the material and the back surface of the material is very easily damaged, processing with the protective sheet attached is desirable.
- the molten metal flow melted by the heat of the laser beam becomes slow due to the influence of the protective sheet.
- the molten metal may adhere to the back surface of the material as dross. This dross is very hard and requires a lot of time and cost to remove.
- Patent Document 1 laser processing is performed by irradiating the surface of a metal material with a laser in a state where a process paper having a detachable adhesive layer containing heat-resistant particles is attached to the back surface of the metal material. Is described. Thereby, according to patent document 1, it is supposed that adhesion of dross at the time of laser processing of a metal material can be prevented.
- Patent Document 2 a protective sheet having an adhesive force of F [N / 20 mm] is attached to the back surface of a plate-like metal material, and the pressure of assist gas to be supplied at the time of processing is P [MPa]. It is described that laser processing is performed by irradiating the surface of the metal material with a laser in a state where a protective sheet having an adhesive force satisfying P / F ⁇ 0.3 is attached to the surface of the plate-shaped metal material. Has been. Thereby, according to patent document 2, it is supposed that generation
- Patent Document 1 In the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to include heat-resistant particles in the adhesive layer of the process paper (protective sheet), which increases the cost associated with laser processing. In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to limit the molecular weight, thickness, and adhesiveness of the protective sheet. Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not describe how to reduce dross without depending on the material of the protective sheet.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a laser processing apparatus and a laser processing method capable of reducing dross without depending on the material of the protective sheet bonded to the workpiece.
- a laser processing apparatus includes a workpiece having a back surface on which a protective sheet is bonded and a surface opposite to the back surface.
- An irradiation unit that irradiates a surface with a laser, and a control unit that controls the irradiation unit so as to cut between the first region and the second region of the workpiece,
- the first region and the second region in the workpiece are maintained such that the first region in the workpiece is held by the second region.
- the first region is combined with the dross attached to the back surface in the first cutting process. So as to separate from the second region Cutting in the region between the first region and the second region in the work piece, where the back surface is exposed by melting a part of the protective sheet in the first cutting process The second cutting process is performed.
- the second cutting process is performed so as to remove the dross that has adhered to the back surface in the first cutting process. Dross can be removed in the second period.
- the second cutting process since the second cutting process is performed so as to cut in the region where the back surface is exposed and is no longer covered with the protective sheet, the molten metal becomes dross when the second cutting process is performed. Difficult to adhere to the back of the workpiece. Thereby, while removing the dross adhered to the back surface in the first period, it is possible to suppress the adhesion of the dross to the back surface in the second period, so that it does not depend on the material of the protective sheet bonded to the workpiece. Dross can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a laser processing apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a laser processing method in the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a processing pattern.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the offset amount and the dross height in the experimental example.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the offset amount and the dross height in the experimental example.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a laser processing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment.
- the laser processing apparatus 100 includes a laser oscillator 1, a PR (Partial Reflection) mirror 2, a laser beam irradiation unit 60, and a control device (control unit) 50.
- the laser oscillator 1 is a device that oscillates a laser beam such as a CO 2 laser.
- the laser oscillator 1 emits the laser light L to the laser light irradiation unit 60 via the PR mirror 2 while changing the oscillation frequency and the laser output in accordance with the type of laser processing such as piercing processing and cutting processing.
- the PR mirror (partial reflection mirror) 2 supports the oscillation of the laser light by the laser oscillator 1 by partially reflecting the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator 1. That is, the PR mirror 2 reflects the laser beam having an intensity less than a predetermined value and returns it to the laser oscillator 1 and transmits the laser beam amplified to an intensity of a predetermined value or more and guides it to the laser beam irradiation unit 60. As a result, the laser light L amplified to an intensity of a predetermined value or more out of the laser light emitted from the laser oscillator 1 is selectively guided to the laser light irradiation unit 60.
- the laser beam irradiation unit 60 irradiates the workpiece (workpiece) W with the laser beam L guided from the laser oscillator 1.
- the workpiece W is placed on the surface of the processing table 9 having a plurality of sharp convex shapes.
- the workpiece W has a back surface Wb and a front surface Wa.
- the back surface Wb is a surface facing the surface of the processing table 9, and a protective sheet S for protecting the workpiece W from a sharp convex portion is attached thereto. This prevents the back surface Wb of the workpiece W from being damaged by the processing table 9 during processing.
- the front surface Wa is a surface opposite to the back surface Wb, and is a surface to which the laser light L is irradiated by the laser light irradiation unit 60.
- the workpiece W is made of metal, for example.
- the laser beam irradiation unit 60 includes a bend mirror 3, a beam optimization unit 4, bend mirrors 5 and 6, and a processing head 30.
- the bend mirror (beam angle changing mirror) 3 changes the beam angle of the laser light L guided from the laser oscillator 1 via the PR mirror 2 and guides it to the beam optimization unit 4.
- the beam optimization unit (beam diameter changing device) 4 adjusts the beam diameter (diameter) of the laser light L guided from the bend mirror 3 and changes the beam angle to guide it to the bend mirror 5.
- Bend mirrors 5 and 6 are mirrors for changing the beam angle.
- the bend mirror 5 deflects the beam angle of the laser light L guided from the beam optimization unit 4 in the horizontal direction, for example, and guides it to the bend mirror 6.
- the bend mirror 6 guides the beam angle of the laser light L guided from the bend mirror 5 to the machining head 30 by deflecting the beam angle vertically downward, for example.
- a mirror (not shown) that changes the polarization direction can be mounted as necessary.
- the processing head 30 has a processing lens 7 and a nozzle 8.
- the processing lens 7 condenses the laser beam L guided from the bend mirror 6 to a small spot diameter and irradiates the workpiece W.
- the assist gas G is sprayed from the nozzle 8 onto the workpiece W simultaneously with the laser light.
- the control device 50 is connected to the laser oscillator 1 and the laser beam irradiation unit 60 and controls the laser oscillator 1 and the laser beam irradiation unit 60.
- the control device 50 includes, for example, an NC (Numerical Control) device, and controls laser processing (such as piercing processing and cutting processing) by the laser light irradiation unit 60 using the NC device.
- NC Genetic Control
- the control device 50 controls the laser beam irradiation unit 60 so as to cut and process between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W. Specifically, the control device 50 maintains the state in which the first region WR1 in the workpiece W is held by the second region WR2 in the period (first period) T1. A first cutting process (rough machining) for cutting between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in W is performed. In the workpiece W, for example, the second region WR2 is arranged around the first region WR1 (see FIG. 3A).
- the control device 50 separates the first region WR1 from the second region WR2 together with the dross attached to the back surface Wb by the first cutting process.
- a second cutting process (finishing process) for cutting in the region ER is performed.
- the region ER is a region between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W, and the back surface Wb is exposed when a part of the protective sheet S is melted by the first cutting process. Area.
- control device 50 causes the region ER in which the back surface Wb is exposed to be annularly formed between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W in the period T1.
- the joint portion JP for connecting the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W Disconnect with. That is, the work piece is left so as to leave the joint portion JP in the work piece W with a predetermined width W JP while proceeding along the outer periphery of the first region WR1 in the work piece W (see FIG. 3A). Cutting is performed between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in W.
- the first region WR1 is, for example, a portion to be finally removed from the workpiece W.
- the second region WR2 is, for example, a portion to be finally left in the workpiece W.
- the joint portion JP is a portion for connecting the first region WR1 and the second region WR2.
- the predetermined width W JP is adjusted so that the region ER where the back surface Wb is exposed is formed in an annular shape between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W.
- the joint part JP may be damaged.
- the width W JP joint portion JP is too small, the strength of the joint portion JP with respect to the intensity required for connecting the first region WR1 and a second region WR2 is insufficient strength Therefore, the joint part JP may be damaged.
- the width W JP joint portion JP is too large, the area ER to the rear surface Wb is exposed, since not a substantially C shape of the region becomes the annular region, the annular cutting pattern in the next period T2 (Fig. 3 (b)), the laser must pass through the area covered with the protective sheet S on the back surface Wb of the workpiece W, so that dross is easily applied to the back surface Wb of the workpiece W. It will stick to. Therefore, the width W JP of the joint portion JP needs to be adjusted to a value within a predetermined appropriate range.
- the control device 50 separates the first region WR1 from the second region WR2 together with the dross attached to the back surface Wb by the first cutting process (see FIG. 3B).
- the workpiece W is cut with an annular pattern (cut pattern CP2) including a pattern that is offset by a size OF from the pattern cut in the period T1 (cut pattern CP1) to the second region WR2.
- the size OF to be offset is that of the region DR (the region indicated by the oblique lines in FIG. 3B) in which the dross D1 is attached to the back surface Wb in the first cutting process in the region ER.
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view showing the AA cross section of FIG.
- the magnitude OF to offset W D when performing the second cutting, a part of the dross adhering to the rear surface Wb in the first cutting operation remains without being removed Therefore, the dross height after processing tends not to be sufficiently low (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
- the magnitude OF for offsetting is greater than W ER, upon performing the second cutting, since the cutting in the region NER back surface Wb is covered with a protective sheet in the workpiece W The dross height after processing tends to increase (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a laser processing method in the embodiment.
- step S1 the workpiece W is placed on the surface of the processing table 9.
- the workpiece W is made of metal, for example.
- parameters (rough machining conditions and finishing machining conditions) necessary for machining are input from the user to an operation unit (not shown) in the control device 50.
- step S2 the first region WR1 in the workpiece W is maintained so that the first region WR1 in the workpiece W is maintained by the second region WR2.
- a first cutting process (rough machining) is performed to cut the second area WR2.
- the first W in the workpiece W is formed such that the region ER where the back surface Wb is exposed is formed between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W.
- Cutting is performed between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W while leaving the joint portion JP for connecting the region WR1 and the second region WR2.
- the work piece is left so as to leave the joint portion JP in the work piece W with a predetermined width W JP while proceeding along the outer periphery of the first region WR1 in the work piece W (see FIG. 3A). Cutting is performed between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in W.
- the first region WR1 is, for example, a portion to be finally removed from the workpiece W.
- the second region WR2 is, for example, a portion to be finally left in the workpiece W.
- the joint portion JP is a portion for connecting the first region WR1 and the second region WR2.
- the workpiece W is cut along the cutting pattern CP1 shown in FIG.
- the cutting pattern CP1 extends from the vicinity of the center of the first region WR1 (to be pierced) to one end side of the joint portion JP so as to go to the second region WR2, and then from the one end side of the joint portion JP.
- This is a pattern extending along the outer periphery of the region WR1 to the other end side of the joint portion JP (so as to be cut).
- the width WER portion is melted in the protective sheet S bonded to the back surface Wb of the workpiece W.
- region ER width W ER back surface Wb of the workpiece W is exposed is formed.
- the width W JP of the joint portion JP is adjusted so that the region ER where the back surface Wb of the workpiece W is exposed becomes an annular region in the direction from the cutting pattern CP1 toward the second region WR2.
- the width W JP of the joint portion JP is too small, the strength of the joint portion JP is insufficient with respect to the strength necessary for connecting the first region WR1 and the second region WR2. Since the strength is increased, the joint portion JP may be damaged before or during the next step S3, making it difficult to perform the next step S3.
- the width W JP joint portion JP is too large, the area ER to the rear surface Wb is exposed, not a region of substantially C-shaped when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the rear surface Wb becomes annular region.
- step S3 the first region WR1 is cut in the region ER so as to be separated from the second region WR2 together with the dross attached to the back surface Wb by the first cutting processing.
- the cutting process finishing process
- the region ER is a region between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W, and the back surface Wb is exposed when a part of the protective sheet S is melted by the first cutting process. Area.
- the first region WR1 is separated from the second region WR2 together with the dross attached to the back surface Wb by the first cutting process (see FIG. 3B), the period T1 in the workpiece W.
- the pattern is cut with an annular pattern (cutting pattern CP2) including a pattern offset from the cut pattern (cutting pattern CP1) to the second region WR2 side by the size OF.
- the size OF to be offset is that of the region DR (the region indicated by the oblique lines in FIG. 3B) in which the dross D1 is attached to the back surface Wb in the first cutting process in the region ER.
- the width W D and the width W ER are widths in a direction from the pattern (cut pattern CP1) cut in the period T1 toward the second region WR2.
- the dross height after processing tends not to be sufficiently low (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
- the size OF to be offset is larger than the width W ER , when the second cutting process is performed, the back surface Wb of the workpiece W is cut in the region NER covered with the protective sheet. Therefore, the dross height after processing tends to increase (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
- the cutting pattern CP2 is, for example, a substantially annular pattern that is offset so that the cutting pattern CP1 is offset to the second region WR2 side by the size OF and closes across the joint portion JP. That is, the cutting pattern CP2 is, for example, from a position offset (pierced) by a size OF with respect to the vicinity of the center of the first region WR1 to one end side of the joint portion JP toward the second region WR2. It is a pattern that extends from one end side of the joint portion JP to the end along the outer periphery of the first region WR1 and extends to one end side of the joint portion JP (so as to be cut). Thereby, the first region WR1 is separated from the second region WR2 in the workpiece W. That is, the drilling process for removing the first region WR1 from the workpiece W and leaving the second region WR2 is completed.
- the workpiece W was subjected to the processing in steps S1 and S2 in FIG. 2, and then the sample that was not subjected to the processing in step S3 was evaluated.
- Material Stainless steel (SUS304) Plate thickness: t1.5mm The plate-shaped member which is is used.
- Processing lens focal length 5.0 inch Nozzle opening diameter: ⁇ 2.5mm The apparatus which is is used.
- step S1 as a condition (parameter) to be applied to roughing (first cutting process performed in step S2) on the operation unit, for example, ⁇ Roughing conditions>
- Nozzle-material distance: 0.5 mm Was entered.
- step S1 conditions similar to those in the comparative example were input to the operation unit as conditions (parameters) to be applied to rough machining (first cutting performed in step S2).
- ⁇ Finishing processing conditions Laser beam output: 1400W Laser beam wavelength: 10.6 ⁇ m Processing speed: 3500mm / min Assist gas type: Nitrogen assist gas pressure: 0.85 MPa Focus position: 1 mm downward from the surface Wa of the workpiece W Nozzle-material distance: 0.5 mm Was entered.
- the width W S (see FIG. 3 (c)) of the region where the protective sheet S is peeled after processing is less than 1.0 mm, which is a level that enables production as product quality. confirmed.
- the workpiece W is cut in the region NER outside the region ER where the back surface Wb of the workpiece W is exposed in the period T2 (or step S3).
- the workpiece W is cut along the cutting pattern CP21 shown in FIG.
- the cutting pattern CP21 is a pattern in which the cutting pattern CP1 is offset to the second region WR2 side by the size OF1 and is closed.
- the size OF1 to be offset is larger than the width W ER of the region ER where the back surface Wb is exposed by melting a part of the protective sheet S.
- the hot water flow of the workpiece W (metal) melted by the heat of the laser beam is influenced by the protective sheet S. It tends to be slow. As a result, in the period T2, the molten metal easily adheres to the back surface Wb of the workpiece W as dross.
- the cutting pattern CP22 is a pattern for connecting portions separated by the joint portion JP in the cutting pattern CP1. That is, since the first region WR1 is separated from the second region WR2 while the dross attached to the back surface Wb in the first cutting process is left on the second region WR2 side, The dross attached to Wb cannot be removed (see FIG. 4B).
- the second cutting process is performed so as to remove the dross attached to the back surface Wb in the first cutting process. Dross attached to Wb can be removed in the second period. Further, in the period T2, the second cutting process is performed so as to cut in the region ER where the back surface Wb is exposed. Therefore, when the second cutting process is performed, the molten metal becomes dross and the back surface of the workpiece W. Hard to adhere to Wb.
- the dross attached to the back surface Wb in the period T2 can be suppressed while removing the dross attached to the back surface Wb in the period T1, it does not depend on the material of the protective sheet S bonded to the workpiece W. Dross can be reduced (see FIG. 4A). As a result, it is possible to perform processing that suppresses dross using a commonly used protective sheet, regardless of the molecular weight, thickness, and adhesive strength of the protective sheet, and shortens the laser processing time. Production becomes possible.
- the first region WR1 is cut in the period T1 in the workpiece W so as to be separated from the second region WR2 together with the dross attached to the back surface Wb by the first cutting process.
- An annular pattern (cut pattern CP2) including a pattern offset from the formed pattern (cut pattern CP1) to the second region WR2 side by the size OF is cut.
- the laser processing is performed with the protective sheet S adhered to the back surface Wb of the workpiece W, it is possible to prevent the back surface Wb of the workpiece W from being damaged. Thereby, it can provide as a product, without impairing the design property of the to-be-processed object W which gave surface finishes, such as mirror surface finishing of the back surface Wb of the to-be-processed object W, and hairline finishing, ie, a commercial value.
- the first region in the workpiece W is separated so as to separate the first region WR1 from the second region WR2 in the workpiece W without leaving the joint portion JP.
- the region ER where the back surface Wb is exposed as a result of cutting and melting a part of the protective sheet S becomes a substantially C-shaped region when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the back surface Wb, and is an annular region.
- the region ER in which the back surface Wb is exposed is formed annularly between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W.
- the space between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 in the workpiece W is cut while leaving the joint portion JP.
- the assist gas G can be easily supplied to the region to be the cutting pattern CP2, so that it is easy to perform the finishing process (second cutting process) along the cutting pattern CP2. It is.
- the region ER where the back surface Wb is exposed due to a part of the protective sheet S being melted by cutting is an annular region, when it is cut with the annular cutting pattern CP2 in the next period T2. It is easy to cut within the region ER. That is, it becomes possible to perform cutting along the annular cutting pattern CP2 in the period T2, and it is easy to suppress the adhesion of dross to the back surface Wb in the period T2.
- control device 50 makes the laser processing speed in the period T2 (or step S3) smaller than the laser processing speed in the period T1 (or step S2), and sets the laser output in the period T2 to the laser output in the period T1. It may be smaller than the output.
- the amount of heat applied to the workpiece W in the period T2 can be made equal to the amount of heat applied to the workpiece W in the period T1. Thereby, it is easy to improve the processing quality by laser processing in the period T1 and the period T2.
- the positional relationship between the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 to be separated by the cutting process is not limited to that shown in FIG.
- the first region WR1 and the second region WR2 may be adjacent to each other without being surrounded by the other.
- the workpiece W may be a plate-like member or a rod-like member.
- FIG. 6 is a result of evaluating a plate-like member (workpiece W) having a thickness of 1.5 mm with respect to protective sheets (sheet A1, sheet B1) of two different materials MA and MB.
- FIG. 7 is a result of evaluating a plate-like member (workpiece W) having a thickness of 3.0 mm with respect to protective sheets (sheet A2, sheet B2) of two different materials MA and MB.
- the processing conditions in this experiment are as follows.
- protective sheets sheet A1, sheet A2 of material MA
- protective sheets having many uses in laser processing were used.
- protective sheets sheet B1, sheet B2 of the material MB, protective sheets that are generally sold for industrial use were used.
- adhesion layer of the protection sheet used the thing similar to the adhesion layer of the protection sheet generally marketed for industrial use.
- Material Stainless steel (SUS304) Thickness: t1.5mm, t3.0mm was used.
- Processing lens focal length 5.0 inch Nozzle opening diameter: ⁇ 2.5mm The apparatus which is is used.
- step S2 ⁇ Roughing conditions> Laser beam output: 4000W Laser beam wavelength: 10.6 ⁇ m Processing speed: 4000 mm / min Assist gas type: Nitrogen assist gas pressure: 1.0 MPa Focus position: 2mm down from the material surface Nozzle-material distance: 0.5 mm Was used.
- processing conditions in step S3 ⁇ Finishing processing conditions> Laser beam output: 3500W Laser beam wavelength: 10.6 ⁇ m Processing speed: 3500mm / min Assist gas type: Nitrogen assist gas pressure: 1.0 MPa Focus position: 2mm down from the material surface Nozzle-material distance: 0.5 mm Was used.
- the result varies depending on the thickness of the workpiece W.
- the offset amount is increased from 0.1 mm, the dross height decreases, and the dross starts from about 0.5 mm. It was confirmed that the height became a negligible level, and the dross height tended to increase to a level that could not be ignored after the offset amount exceeded 0.7 mm.
- the offset amount is too small, the dross height is sufficiently low because part of the dross attached to the back surface Wb of the workpiece W remains in the period T1 (or step S2) without being removed. It was confirmed that it would not be. If the offset amount is too large, the offset amount exceeds the width of the part melted by the rough processing of the protective sheet (that is, the width W ER of the part ER where the back surface Wb of the workpiece W is exposed). In T2 (or step S3), it was confirmed that dross tends to adhere to the back surface Wb of the workpiece W due to the influence of the protective sheet, thereby increasing the dross height.
- the numerical range of the offset amount satisfying this condition is, for example, Sheet A1: 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm Sheet B1: 0.4 mm to 0.7 mm Sheet A2: 0.6 mm to 0.9 mm Sheet B2: 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm It can be understood from FIGS. 6 and 7 that good cutting quality is obtained with such an offset amount within the numerical range.
- the laser processing apparatus and the laser processing method according to the present invention are useful for laser processing of a workpiece to which a protective sheet is attached.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態に係るレーザ加工装置100の構成について図1を用いて説明する。図1は、実施の形態に係るレーザ加工装置100の概略構成を示す図である。
材質:ステンレス(SUS304)
板厚:t1.5mm
である板状の部材を用いた。レーザ加工装置100として、
加工レンズ:焦点距離5.0inch
ノズル開口径:φ2.5mm
である装置を用いた。ステップS1において、操作部に、粗加工(ステップS2で行なう第1の切断加工)に適用すべき条件(パラメータ)として、例えば、
<粗加工条件>
レーザビーム出力:1800W
レーザビーム波長:10.6μm
加工速度:5000mm/min
アシストガス種類:窒素
アシストガス圧力:0.85MPa
焦点位置:被加工物Wの表面Waから下へ1mm
ノズル-材料間距離:0.5mm
を入力した。
<仕上げ加工条件>
レーザビーム出力:1400W
レーザビーム波長:10.6μm
加工速度:3500mm/min
アシストガス種類:窒素
アシストガス圧力:0.85MPa
焦点位置:被加工物Wの表面Waから下へ1mm
ノズル-材料間距離:0.5mm
を入力した。
次に、被加工物Wに対して図2のステップS1、S2、S3の処理を行なった試料について、仕上げ加工(第2の切断加工)のオフセット量とドロス高さとの評価を行なった。その結果得られた仕上げ加工(第2の切断加工)のオフセット量とドロス高さとの関係について、図6及び図7に示す。図6は、厚さ1.5mmである板状の部材(被加工物W)を異なる2種類の材料MA、MBの保護シート(シートA1、シートB1)について評価した結果である。図7は、厚さ3.0mmである板状の部材(被加工物W)を異なる2種類の材料MA、MBの保護シート(シートA2、シートB2)について評価した結果である。この実験での加工条件は以下に示す通りである。
材質:ステンレス(SUS304)
板厚:t1.5mm、t3.0mm
を用いた。レーザ加工装置100として、
加工レンズ:焦点距離5.0inch
ノズル開口径:φ2.5mm
である装置を用いた。
<粗加工条件>
レーザビーム出力:1800W
レーザビーム波長:10.6μm
加工速度:5000mm/min
アシストガス種類:窒素
アシストガス圧力:0.85MPa
焦点位置:材料表面から下へ1mm
ノズル-材料間距離:0.5mm
を用いた。また、ステップS3における加工条件として、
<仕上げ加工条件>
レーザビーム出力:1400W
レーザビーム波長:10.6μm
加工速度:3500mm/min
アシストガス種類:窒素
アシストガス圧力:0.85MPa
焦点位置:材料表面から下へ1mm
ノズル-材料間距離:0.5mm
を用いた。
<粗加工条件>
レーザビーム出力:4000W
レーザビーム波長:10.6μm
加工速度:4000mm/min
アシストガス種類:窒素
アシストガス圧力:1.0MPa
焦点位置:材料表面から下へ2mm
ノズル-材料間距離:0.5mm
を用いた。また、ステップS3における加工条件として、
<仕上げ加工条件>
レーザビーム出力:3500W
レーザビーム波長:10.6μm
加工速度:3500mm/min
アシストガス種類:窒素
アシストガス圧力:1.0MPa
焦点位置:材料表面から下へ2mm
ノズル-材料間距離:0.5mm
を用いた。
シートA1:0.4mm以上0.8mm以下
シートB1:0.4mm以上0.7mm以下
シートA2:0.6mm以上0.9mm以下
シートB2:0.5mm以上0.7mm以下
である。図6、図7から、このような数値範囲内のオフセット量で良好な切断品質が得られていることが理解できる。
2 PRミラー
3 ベンドミラー
4 ビーム最適化ユニット
5 ベンドミラー
6 ベンドミラー
7 加工レンズ
8 ノズル
9 加工テーブル
30 加工ヘッド
50 制御装置
60 レーザ光照射部
100 レーザ加工装置
DR 領域
ER 領域
G アシストガス
JP ジョイント部
L レーザ光
NER 領域
S 保護シート
W 被加工物
Wb 裏面
Wa 表面
WR1 第1の領域
WR2 第2の領域
Claims (7)
- 保護シートが貼り合わされた裏面と前記裏面の反対側の表面とを有する被加工物の前記表面にレーザを照射する照射部と、
前記被加工物における第1の領域と第2の領域との間を切断加工するように、前記照射部を制御する制御部と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、第1の期間において、前記被加工物における前記第1の領域が前記第2の領域により保持された状態を維持するように、前記被加工物における前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域との間で切断する第1の切断加工を行わせ、前記第1の期間より後の第2の期間において、前記第1の領域を前記第1の切断加工で前記裏面に付着したドロスとともに前記第2の領域から分離するように、前記被加工物における前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域との間の領域であって前記第1の切断加工で前記保護シートの一部が溶融したことにより前記裏面が露出された領域内で切断する第2の切断加工を行なわせる
ことを特徴とするレーザ加工装置。 - 前記被加工物では、前記第1の領域の周囲に前記第2の領域が配され、
前記制御部は、前記第1の期間において、前記第1の切断加工として、前記被加工物における前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域との間に前記裏面が露出された領域が環状に形成されるように、前記被加工物における前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域とを接続するためのジョイント部を残しながら、前記被加工物における前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域との間で切断させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のレーザ加工装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記第2の期間において、前記第2の切断加工として、前記第1の領域を前記第1の切断加工で前記裏面に付着したドロスとともに前記第2の領域から分離するように、前記被加工物における前記第1の切断加工で切断されたパターンから前記第2の領域の側へ前記裏面が露出された領域の幅より小さい大きさでオフセットさせたパターンを含む環状のパターンで切断させる
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のレーザ加工装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記第2の期間におけるレーザによる加工速度を前記第1の期間におけるレーザによる加工速度より小さくし、かつ、前記第2の期間におけるレーザの出力を前記第1の期間におけるレーザの出力より小さくする
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のレーザ加工装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記第2の期間におけるレーザによる加工速度を前記第1の期間におけるレーザによる加工速度より小さくし、かつ、前記第2の期間におけるレーザの出力を前記第1の期間におけるレーザの出力より小さくする
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のレーザ加工装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記第2の期間におけるレーザによる加工速度を前記第1の期間におけるレーザによる加工速度より小さくし、かつ、前記第2の期間におけるレーザの出力を前記第1の期間におけるレーザの出力より小さくする
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載のレーザ加工装置。 - 保護シートが貼り合わされた裏面と前記裏面の反対側の表面とを有する被加工物の前記表面にレーザを照射して、前記被加工物における第1の領域と第2の領域との間を切断加工するレーザ加工方法であって、
前記被加工物では、前記第1の領域の周囲に前記第2の領域が配され、
前記被加工物における前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域との間に前記裏面が露出された領域が環状に形成されるように、前記被加工物における前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域とを接続するためのジョイント部を残しながら、前記被加工物における前記第1の領域と前記第2の領域との間で切断する第1の切断加工ステップと、
前記第1の領域を前記第1の切断加工で前記裏面に付着したドロスとともに前記第2の領域から分離するように、前記被加工物における前記第1の切断加工で切断されたパターンから前記第2の領域の側へ前記裏面が露出された領域の幅より小さい大きさでオフセットさせたパターンを含む環状のパターンで切断する第2の切断加工ステップと、
を備えたことを特徴とするレーザ加工方法。
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- 2011-05-24 WO PCT/JP2011/061888 patent/WO2011158617A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPWO2011158617A1 (ja) | 2013-08-19 |
CN102510788A (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
US20120160818A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
CN102510788B (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
DE112011100039B4 (de) | 2014-01-02 |
DE112011100039T5 (de) | 2012-06-06 |
JP4896274B2 (ja) | 2012-03-14 |
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