WO2011091678A1 - 一种-clo结构磷酸铝分子筛及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种-clo结构磷酸铝分子筛及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2011091678A1
WO2011091678A1 PCT/CN2010/078561 CN2010078561W WO2011091678A1 WO 2011091678 A1 WO2011091678 A1 WO 2011091678A1 CN 2010078561 W CN2010078561 W CN 2010078561W WO 2011091678 A1 WO2011091678 A1 WO 2011091678A1
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molecular sieve
mixture
aluminum
dnl
raw material
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French (fr)
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田志坚
魏莹
裴仁彦
马怀军
李科达
徐云鹏
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中国科学院大连化学物理研究所
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B37/00Compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties
    • C01B37/04Aluminophosphates [APO compounds]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B01J20/08Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/16Alumino-silicates
    • B01J20/18Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/82Phosphates
    • B01J29/83Aluminophosphates [APO compounds]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B39/00Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
    • C01B39/54Phosphates, e.g. APO or SAPO compounds

Definitions

  • This invention relates to molecular sieves, and more particularly to an aluminum phosphate molecular sieve having a -CLO structure and a process for its preparation. Background technique
  • Molecular sieves refer to substances that have the ability to be screened in molecular size. Due to its regular pore structure and unique surface properties, it has been widely used in the fields of catalysis, ion exchange, adsorption and separation. The molecular sieve material that humans first recognized was natural zeolite. In the 1940s, Barrer RM et al. realized the artificial synthesis of molecular sieve for the first time. After that, a large number of molecular sieve materials were artificially synthesized. However, with the development of industry, many fields The performance and structure of molecular sieves have put forward higher requirements, so the development of new molecular sieve materials is especially important.
  • Pore size is an important feature of molecular sieve materials. Most molecular sieve materials have pore sizes of less than 8A, which greatly limits their ability to catalyze, adsorb, and separate organic macromolecules. In 1988, Davis ME et al. first reported in the journal Nature (Nature, 1988, 331, 698-699) an oversized microporous (greater than 12-membered ring) aluminum phosphate with 18-membered rings (containing 18 tetrahedral T atoms). Molecular sieve VPI-5, its pore size can reach more than 10A. The successful synthesis of VPI-5 molecular sieves also set off a boom in the synthesis of ultra-large microporous molecular sieves.
  • the -CLO structure is an ultra-large pore structure having a 20-membered ring.
  • the -CLO structure has two non-intersecting, according to the Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types, 6th ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2007; http://www.iza-stmcture.org/databases/ A three-dimensional pore system, one system via an alpha cage and a rpa cage with an eight-membered ring orifice, and the other via a cube face with a four-leaf-shaped orifice surrounded by 20 T atoms and 24 oxygen atoms, The intersection of these channels is a large cubic super cage with pockets.
  • the ionic thermal synthesis method is a novel synthesis method which refers to a synthesis method using an ionic liquid or a eutectic mixture as a reaction medium or as a templating agent simultaneously (Nature, 2004, 430, 1012-1016).
  • An ionic liquid is a low temperature molten salt with a melting point at room temperature, generally consisting of a relatively large volume of organic cations (eg, imidazolium ions, pyridinium ions, general quaternary ammonium ions) and relatively small inorganic anions (eg : Halogen anion, tetrafluoroborate anion, hexafluorophosphate anion).
  • ionic liquid Compared with traditional molecular solvent, ionic liquid has the following characteristics: ionic liquid vapor pressure is almost zero, it is a non-volatile liquid; ionic liquid has good electrical conductivity; ionic liquid solubility can be adjusted, for polar compounds and non- Polar compounds have strong solvency; ionic liquids are complex in structure, and in theory there are more than one trillion possible ionic liquids. Based on the above characteristics of ionic liquids, ionic thermal synthesis of molecular sieves has many advantages, such as: molecular sieve synthesis reaction can be carried out in open atmospheric vessels; crystallization of molecular sieves does not require the addition of other organic templating agents; And the molecular sieve composition has great potential.
  • Tian Zhijian et al. in Chinese patent document CN100363260C, discloses a synthesis method of SAPO-11 molecular sieve, which adopts an ion thermal synthesis method, so that the crystallization process can be carried out under normal pressure or low vapor pressure, and the reaction device does not need to use high pressure.
  • the container is economical, and safe and convenient to operate.
  • the ionic liquid can be recycled, the synthesis cost is low, the synthesis process is free from acid and alkali emissions, and the environment is friendly.
  • Tian Zhijian et al. in Chinese patent document CN1850606A, discloses a synthesis method for synthesizing aluminum phosphate or silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve, which uses an ionic liquid as a reaction medium and an organic amine as an auxiliary template to control the crystallization process of the molecular sieve, thereby Improve the selectivity of the desired product.
  • Xu Yunpeng et al. in Chinese patent document CN100410172C, discloses a method for synthesizing aluminum phosphate molecular sieve by microwave heating. This method uses ion thermal synthesis method and microwave radiation as a heating method to overcome the water in the conventional hydrothermal synthesis process of aluminum phosphate molecular sieve. Shortcomings such as hot high pressure process and long time of crystallization of molecular sieves. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum phosphate molecular sieve DNL-1 (Delta National Laboratory Number 1) having a superior performance and a wide application prospect, and an ion thermal preparation method thereof.
  • the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the molecular sieve DNL-1 proposed by the present invention has at least the following diffraction peaks (the value of 2e indicates the position of the diffraction peak):
  • the structure was confirmed by the International Zeolite Association by comparison with the XRD powder diffraction database card.
  • the -CLO structure, and the X-ray fluorescence spectrum element content analysis results determined that the ratio of ⁇ 1 2 0 3 : ⁇ 2 0 5 (the form of aluminum and phosphorus in the form of oxide) in the molecular sieve was (molar ratio) 1: 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • the ⁇ 0 4 and ⁇ 10 4 tetrahedra in the DNL-1 molecular sieve framework are strictly alternating, and some of the ⁇ 0 4 and ⁇ 10 4 have terminal hydroxyl groups, thereby forming a three-dimensional discontinuous structure with two non-intersecting three-dimensional pore systems, one system via Alpha cages and rpa cages with eight-membered ring orifices, and the other via a cube face with four-leaf-shaped orifices surrounded by 20 T atoms (A1 and P) and 24 oxygen atoms.
  • the cross section is a large cubic super cage with pockets.
  • DNL-1 molecular sieve has a very low skeletal density, and the number of skeleton T atoms is 11.3T/1000A 3 , and has good thermal stability. DNL-1 is expected to be widely used in catalysis, gas adsorption and separation.
  • the synthetic method provided by the present invention is characterized by an ion thermal synthesis method, the process comprising:
  • A) The ionic liquid or eutectic mixture is heated to 10-150 ° C, and the phosphorus-containing raw material, the aluminum-containing raw material and the fluorine-containing raw material are sequentially added thereto, stirred until uniform, and then the organic amine is added, and stirring is continued until the precursor mixture is uniformly formed.
  • the ratio of organic amine (phosphorus and aluminum in the form of its oxide) is (molar ratio) 1: 0.1 ⁇ 10 : 0.01 ⁇ 10: 0.01 ⁇ 1000: 0.01 ⁇ 10.
  • X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry were used to analyze the structure and composition of DNL-1 molecular sieve.
  • the structure was confirmed by XRD powder diffraction database card.
  • the structure was confirmed by the International Zeolite Association, and the X-ray fluorescence spectrum element
  • the results of the content analysis determined that the ratio of A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 (aluminum and phosphorus in the form of oxides) in the DNL-1 molecular sieve was (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 to 1.2.
  • the preferred molar ratio of A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 : in the above synthesis method precursor mixture is 1: 0.2-5, more preferably 1: 0.4-4.
  • the ionic liquid used in the above synthesis method contains the following cations: alkyl quaternary ammonium ion [NR 4 ] + , alkyl quaternary phosphonium ion [PR4] + , alkyl substituted imidazolium ion [Rim] + , alkyl substituted pyridinium ion [
  • An ionic liquid of one or more mixtures of Rpy] + , R is a C1-C16 alkyl group, wherein the ionic liquid anion can be: Br-, Cl ⁇ -, BF 4 -, PF 6 -, P0 4 3 -, or N0 3 -, S0 4 2 -, CF 3 S0 3 -, N(CF 3 S0 2 ) 2 -, C(CF 3 S0 2 ) 3 -
  • the eutectic mixture is a mixture of one or more of a quaternary ammonium salt compound and an alcohol, an amide or an organic acid;
  • the quaternary ammonium salt compound is: tetrapropylammonium bromide, tetrapropylammonium chloride, four Ethyl ammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium chloride, mepazine or choline chloride;
  • the alcohol is: pentaerythritol or neopentyl glycol; the amide is urea and its derivatives; the organic acid is: oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid or benzoic acid; the mixture of quaternary ammonium compounds with alcohols, amides or The molar ratio of organic acids is (0.1-10.0): 1 ⁇
  • Phosphorus-containing materials are phosphates such as phosphoric acid or ammonium phosphate, ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.; aluminum-containing materials are aluminum isopropoxide, pseudo-boehmite, hydrated alumina, aluminum sulfate or aluminum nitrate; The use of hydrofluoric acid, ammonium fluoride or sodium fluoride; organic amines using fatty amines, aromatic amines, alcohol amines or quaternary ammonium salts.
  • the preferred raw material mixing temperature is 70 to 110 ° C
  • the preferred crystallization temperature in the step B is 120 to 280 ° C
  • the preferred crystallization time is not less than 5 minutes, and the crystallization process can be heated.
  • the traditional heat source heating method such as: oven heating, oil bath heating, microwave heating can also be used.
  • the precursor mixture may contain a certain proportion of water, and the water may be brought in by a raw material such as a phosphoric acid solution or a hydrofluoric acid solution, or may be added in an additional small amount when using ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or the like as a raw material, and the water content thereof may be It is 0-10% by weight based on the total weight of the precursor mixture.
  • the synthesis method is characterized in that an ionic liquid or a eutectic mixture is used as a reaction medium, and the vapor pressure of the ionic liquid and the eutectic mixture is low, so the crystallization process can be carried out under normal pressure or a low vapor pressure, and the reaction apparatus does not need to use a high pressure.
  • the container is economical, and safe and convenient to operate.
  • the ionic liquid can be recycled, the synthesis cost is low, the synthesis process is free from acid and alkali emissions, and the environment is friendly.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of -CLO and its ⁇ -cage, rpa-cage, 20-membered ring and 8-membered ring.
  • Figure 2 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 6 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 7 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 8 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 9 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 10 of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is an XRD chart of a sample in Example 11 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the aluminum-containing raw material in the present invention includes aluminum isopropoxide, pseudoboehmite, hydrated alumina, sulfuric acid.
  • the ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • the mixture was transferred to a 100 ml stainless steel autoclave with a PTFE liner, placed in an oven at 190 ° C for 6 hours, then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, 150 ml of deionized water was added, stirred, and ultrasonically washed. The reaction was filtered to give a white solid powder, which was washed three times and then washed with 50 ml of acetone. The final white powder was dried in an oven at 110 ° C. The white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve. The XRD spectrum (Fig. 3) was compared with the powder diffraction database card. The test determined that DNL-1 has the CLA specified by the International Zeolite Association.
  • the mixture was transferred to a 100 ml stainless steel reactor with a PTFE liner, placed in a 150 ° C oven for 12 hours, then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, 150 ml of deionized water was added, stirred, ultrasonically washed, The reaction was filtered to give a white solid powder, which was washed three times and then washed with 50 ml of acetone. The final white powder was dried in an oven at 110 ° C.
  • the white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve.
  • the XRD spectrum (Fig. 4) was compared with the powder diffraction database card.
  • the test determined that the DNL-1 molecular sieve was designated by the International Zeolite Association - The CLO structure, and the results of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (Table 2), indicate that A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 in the DNL-1 molecular sieve (aluminum and phosphorus are expressed in the form of oxides).
  • the ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • the ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • the mixture was transferred to a 100 ml stainless steel reactor with a PTFE liner, placed in a 190 ° C oven for 10 hours, then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, 150 ml of deionized water was added, stirred, ultrasonically washed, The reaction was filtered to give a white solid powder, which was washed three times and then washed with 50 ml of acetone. The final white powder was dried in an oven at 110 ° C. The white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve. The XRD spectrum (Fig. 6) was compared with the powder diffraction database card.
  • the ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • the white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve.
  • the XRD spectrum (Fig. 7) was compared with the powder diffraction database card. The test determined that the DNL-1 molecular sieve was designated by the International Zeolite Association - The CLO structure, and the results of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (Table 2), indicate that A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 in the DNL-1 molecular sieve (aluminum and phosphorus are expressed in the form of oxides). The ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • the ratio of (phosphorus and aluminum in terms of their oxide form) is (molar ratio) 1: 1: 2: 80: 1.
  • the mixture was transferred to a 100 ml stainless steel reactor with a PTFE liner, placed in an oven at 190 ° C for 10 hours, then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, 150 ml of deionized water was added, stirred, and ultrasonically washed. The reaction was filtered to give a white solid powder, which was washed three times and then washed with 50 ml of acetone. The final white powder was dried in an oven at 110 ° C.
  • the white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve.
  • the XRD spectrum (Fig. 8) was compared with the powder diffraction database card.
  • the test determined that the DNL-1 molecular sieve was designated by the International Zeolite Association -
  • the CLO structure and the results of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Table 2) indicate that the ratio of A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 (aluminum and phosphorus in the form of oxides) in DNL-1 molecular sieve is (molar ratio) 1: 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • the precursor mixture was heated to 200 ° C under microwave irradiation, crystallized under normal pressure or autogenous pressure for 20 minutes, then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, 150 ml of deionized water was added, stirred, ultrasonically washed, and the reactant was Filtration gave a white solid powder which was washed three times and washed with 50 ml of acetone. The final white powder was dried in an oven at 110 ° C.
  • the white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve, and the XRD spectrum (Fig. 9) was compared with the powder diffraction database card.
  • the test determined that the DNL-1 molecular sieve was designated by the International Zeolite Association - The CLO structure, and the results of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (Table 2), indicate that A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 in the DNL-1 molecular sieve (aluminum and phosphorus are expressed in the form of oxides).
  • the ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • Example 9 52.8 g-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide ionic liquid (EMIMBr) was added to a 100 ml beaker, and the temperature was raised to 100 ° C. 4.61 g of phosphoric acid having a concentration of 85 % by weight, 6.69 g of isopropanol was added by magnetic stirring. Aluminum, 0.86 g of 40% by weight hydrofluoric acid was added dropwise, stirred until homogeneous, then 3.97 g of n-dipropylamine (n-DPA) was added and stirring was continued until the reaction precursor mixture was homogeneous.
  • n-DPA n-dipropylamine
  • the ratio of n-DPA (phosphorus and aluminum in terms of its oxide form) is (molar ratio) 1: 1.20: 1.07: 16.9: 1.20.
  • the white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve.
  • the XRD spectrum (Fig. 10) was compared with the powder diffraction database card.
  • the test determined that the DNL-1 molecular sieve was designated by the International Zeolite Association -
  • the CLO structure and the results of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Table 2) indicate that A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 (aluminum and phosphorus are expressed in the form of oxides) in DNL-1 molecular sieve.
  • the ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • the final white powder was dried in an oven at 110 ° C.
  • the white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve, and the XRD spectrum (Fig. 11) was compared with the powder diffraction database card.
  • the test determined that the DNL-1 molecular sieve was designated by the International Zeolite Association -
  • the CLO structure and the results of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Table 2) indicate that A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 (aluminum and phosphorus are expressed in the form of oxides) in DNL-1 molecular sieve.
  • the ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • TEAC-Pent tetraethylammonium chloride-pentaerythritol eutectic mixture
  • TEAC to Pent molar ratio of 0.82:1 60.0g of tetraethylammonium chloride-pentaerythritol eutectic mixture (TEAC-Pent) (TEAC to Pent molar ratio of 0.82:1) was added to a 100ml beaker, heated to 100 ° C, magnetically stirred to add 6.19g mass concentration
  • 7.6 g of aluminum isopropoxide, 0.96 g of hydrofluoric acid having a concentration of 40% was uniformly added dropwise, stirred until homogeneous, and then 1.53 g of 2-methylimidazole (2-MIm) was added to continue stirring.
  • the ratio of A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 : F-: TEAC-Pent: 2-MIm (phosphorus and aluminum in terms of its oxide) in the mixture is (molar ratio) 1 : 1.20: 1.07: 9.76: 1.0.
  • the white powder was DNL-1 molecular sieve.
  • the XRD spectrum (Fig. 12) was compared with the powder diffraction database card.
  • the test determined that the DNL-1 molecular sieve was designated by the International Zeolite Association -
  • the CLO structure and the results of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (Table 2) indicate that A1 2 0 3 : P 2 0 5 in the DNL-1 molecular sieve (aluminum and phosphorus are expressed in the form of oxides).
  • the ratio is (molar ratio) 1 : 0.8 ⁇ 1.2.
  • Table 1 shows the positions and relative intensities of the XRD diffraction peaks of the samples in Examples 1 to 11 of the present invention.
  • Table 2 shows the results of X-ray fluorescence spectrum element content analysis of the samples in Examples 1 to 11 of the present invention.

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Description

一种 -CLO结构磷酸铝分子筛及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及分子筛, 具体地说是一种具有 -CL0结构的磷酸铝分子筛及其制备方 法。 背景技术
分子筛,顾名思义是指在分子尺寸上具有筛分能力的物质。 由于其具有规整的孔 道结构和独特的表面性质, 已经被广泛的应用于催化,离子交换,吸附与分离等领域。 人类最早认识的分子筛材料是天然沸石, 二十世纪四十年代, Barrer R M等人首次实 现了分子筛的人工合成,之后大量的分子筛材料相继被人工合成出来,然而随着工业 的发展, 许多领域对分子筛的性能、 结构都提出了更高的要求, 因此开发新型的分子 筛材料尤其具有重要意义。
孔径尺寸是分子筛材料的重要特征, 多数的分子筛材料孔道尺寸都小于 8A, 这 极大地限制了它们对于有机大分子的催化、吸附、分离等方面的能力。 1988年, Davis M E等人首次在 Nature (Nature, 1988, 331 , 698-699)杂志上报道了具有 18元环(含 18个四面体 T原子) 的超大微孔 (大于 12元环) 磷酸铝分子筛 VPI-5, 其孔径尺寸 可以达到 10A以上。 VPI-5分子筛的成功合成, 也掀起了人工合成具有超大微孔分子 筛的热潮。 目前已经有多种超大微孔分子筛被相继报道, 其中包括磷酸铝分子筛 AlP04-8 ( 14元环),磷酸镓分子筛 Cloverite (20元环)和几种硅基分子筛,如: UTD-1 ( 14元环), CIT-5 ( 14元环), ITQ-33 ( 18元环) 和 ITQ-37 (30元环)。
-CLO结构是一种具有 20元环的超大微孔结构。如图 1,按照国际沸石协会 (Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types, 6th ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2007; http://www.iza-stmcture.org/databases/ ) 指定 -CLO 结构具有两个非交叉的三维孔道体 系, 一个体系经由 α笼和 rpa笼, 具有八元环孔口, 而另一个经由立方体的面, 具有 由 20个 T原子和 24个氧原子围成的四叶苜蓿形的孔口,这些孔道的交叉部分是一个 大的带有口袋的立方超笼。 根据国际沸石协会 (Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types, 6th ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2007; http:〃 www.iza- structure.org/databases/)石角认目前已知的 具有 -CLO 结构的分子筛只有磷酸镓组成 (Nature, 1991 , 352, 320-323 ) 和含杂原 子 (Mn、 Zn等) 的磷酸镓组成 ( Solid State Ionics, 2002, 151, 269-274)。
离子热合成方法是一种新型的合成方法,它是指采用离子液体或低共熔混合物为 反应介质或同时作为模板剂的一种合成方法(Nature, 2004, 430, 1012-1016)。 离子 液体是一种熔点在室温附件的低温熔融盐,一般由特定的体积相对较大的有机阳离子 (如: 咪唑离子、 吡啶离子、 一般的季铵离子) 和体积相对较小的无机阴离子 (如: 卤素阴离子、 四氟硼酸阴离子、 六氟磷酸阴离子) 构成。 与传统的分子型溶剂相比, 离子液体具有如下特性: 离子液体蒸汽压几乎为零, 是不挥发性液体; 离子液体具有 良好的导电性能; 离子液体溶解性可以调节,对极性化合物和非极性化合物都有很强 的溶解能力; 离子液体结构种类复杂, 理论上讲, 有超过万亿种可能的离子液体。 基 于离子液体的上述特性, 离子热合成分子筛具有许多优点, 如: 分子筛合成反应可在 敞口的常压容器中进行; 分子筛的晶化不需要另加其它有机模板剂; 在合成新型结构 和组成的分子筛方面具有极大的潜力。
目前已经有许多关于离子热法合成分子筛的文献和专利报道。 Morris R E等人利 用离子热法已经合成出多种磷酸铝和杂原子 Co取代的磷酸铝分子筛(Nature, 2004, 430, 1012-1016; J. Am. Chem. Soc , 2006, 128, 2204-2205 ), 例如: SIZ-3(AEL结 构)、 SIZ-4 ( CHA结构), SIZ-7 ( SIV结构) SIZ-8 (AEI结构)、 SIZ-9 ( SOD结构)。 田志坚等人在中国专利文献 CN100363260C中公开了一种 SAPO-11分子筛合成方法, 该方法采用离子热的合成方法, 因此晶化过程可以在常压或较低蒸汽压力下进行, 反 应装置无须使用高压容器, 过程经济性强, 而且操作安全方便, 同时离子液体可以回 收, 合成成本低, 合成过程无酸碱排放, 环境友好。 田志坚等人在中国专利文献 CN1850606A中公开了一种合成磷酸铝或磷酸硅铝分子筛的合成方法,这种方法用离 子液体作为反应介质,添加有机胺作为辅助模板剂控制分子筛的晶化过程, 从而提高 目的产物的选择性。徐云鹏等人在中国专利文献 CN100410172C中公开了微波加热合 成磷酸铝分子筛的方法, 这种方法采用离子热的合成方法, 同时以微波辐射作为加热 方式, 克服了常规磷酸铝分子筛水热合成过程中水热高压过程、分子筛晶化时间长等 缺点。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种性能优越, 应用前景广泛的具有 -CLO结构的磷酸铝 分子筛 DNL-1 ( Dalian National Laboratory Number 1 ) 及其离子热制备方法。
为实现上述目的, 本发明提出的分子筛 DNL-1的 X-射线衍射谱图具有至少以下 所列衍射峰 (2e值表示衍射峰位置):
2Θ/°: 3.43±0.2, 4.85±0.2, 5.95±0.2, 6.87±0.2, 7.70±0.2, 8.42±0.2, 9.73±0.2, 10.32±0.2, 11.41±0.2, 11.92±0.2, 12.42±0.2, 12.89±0.2, 13.78±0.2, 14.20±0.2, 14.62±0.2, 20.72±0.2;
通过与 XRD 粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定其结构具有国际沸石协会确认的
-CLO结构,同时 X-射线荧光光谱元素含量分析结果确定该分子筛中 Α1203: Ρ205 (铝 和磷采用氧化物的形式表示)比例为(摩尔比) 1: 0.8〜1.2。 DNL-1分子筛骨架中 Ρ04 和 Α104四面体严格交替, 其中部分 Ρ04和 Α104带有端羟基, 从而构成一个三维间断 式结构, 其具有两个非交叉的三维孔道体系, 一个体系经由 α笼和 rpa笼, 具有八元 环孔口, 而另一个经由立方体的面, 具有由 20个 T原子 (A1和 P) 和 24个氧原子 围成的四叶苜蓿形的孔口, 这些孔道的交叉部分是一个大的带有口袋的立方超笼。
DNL-1分子筛具有极低的骨架密度, 骨架 T原子数为 11.3T/1000A3, 同时具有良好 的热稳定性。 DNL-1有望在催化、 气体吸附与分离等方面得到广泛的应用。
本发明所提供的合成方法特征是采用离子热合成方法, 其过程包括:
A)将离子液体或低共熔混合物升温至 10-150°C, 依次向其中加入含磷原料、 含 铝原料和含氟原料, 搅拌至均匀后加入有机胺, 继续搅拌至均匀形成前体混合物, 混 合物中 A1203 : P205: F-:离子液体 /低共熔混合物:有机胺 (磷和铝按照其氧化物的形式 表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1: 0.1〜10: 0.01〜10: 0.01〜1000 :0.01〜10。
B) 将制得的前体混合物加热至 100°C〜300°C, 常压或自生压力下晶化, 晶化时 间不少于 1分钟。 C) 晶化结束后, 将反应物冷却至室温, 加水, 过滤, 用水或有机溶剂对粉末状 样品进行洗涤, 室温〜 110°C干燥, 得到的固体为 DNL-1分子筛。
采用 X射线粉末衍射和 X射线荧光光谱分析对 DNL-1分子筛结构和组成进行分 析,通过与 XRD粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定其结构具有国际沸石协会确认的 -CLO 结构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱元素含量分析结果确定 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203: P205 (铝 和磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
上述合成方法前体混合物中 A1203: P205:的较佳摩尔比例为 1 : 0.2-5 , 更佳为 1 : 0.4-4。
上述合成方法前体混合物中 A1203 : P205: F-:离子液体 /低共熔混合物:有机胺 (磷 和铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的优选比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.5〜2: 0.1-3 : 5-100: 0.1〜2。
上述合成方法中离子液体采用含有以下阳离子: 烷基季铵离子 [NR4]+, 烷基季膦 离子 [PR4]+,烷基取代的咪唑离子 [Rim]+,烷基取代的吡啶离子 [Rpy]+中的一种或几种 混合物的离子液体, R为 C1-C16的烷基, 其中离子液体阴离子可为: Br-、 Cl\ Ι—、 BF4-、 PF6-、 P04 3—、 N03—、 S04 2—、 CF3S03—、 N(CF3S02)2—、 C(CF3S02)3—中的一禾中或几 种;
低共熔混合物为季铵盐化合物与醇、 酰胺或有机酸中的一种或多种组成的混合 物; 所述季铵盐化合物为: 四丙基溴化铵、 四丙基氯化铵、 四乙基溴化铵、 四乙基氯 化铵、 四甲基溴化铵、 四甲基氯化铵、 甲哌嗡或氯化胆碱;
醇为: 季戊四醇或新戊二醇; 酰胺为尿素及其衍生物; 有机酸为: 草酸、丙二酸、 丁二酸、 己二酸或苯甲酸; 混合物中季铵盐化合物与醇、 酰胺或有机酸的摩尔比为 ( 0.1-10.0) : 1 ο
含磷原料采用磷酸或磷酸铵、磷酸一氢铵、磷酸二氢铵等磷酸盐; 含铝原料采用 异丙醇铝、 拟薄水铝石、 水合氧化铝、 硫酸铝或者硝酸铝; 含氟原料采用氢氟酸、 氟 化铵或氟化钠; 有机胺采用脂肪胺、 芳香胺、 醇胺或季铵盐类化合物。
上述合成方法步骤 Α优选的原料混合温度为 70〜110°C, 步骤 B中优选的晶化温 度为 120〜280°C, 优选的晶化时间为不少于 5分钟, 晶化过程加热方式可以采用传统 的热源加热方式, 如: 烘箱加热, 油浴加热, 也可以采用微波辐射的加热方式。
上述合成方法中前体混合物中可以含有一定比例水,水可由磷酸溶液或氢氟酸溶 液等原料带入, 也可在当采用磷酸二氢铵等为原料时额外的少量加入,其含水量可为 前体混合物总重量的 0-10wt%。
本合成方法的特点是采用离子液体或低共熔混合物为反应介质,离子液体和低共 熔混合物的蒸气压低, 因此晶化过程可以在常压或较低蒸汽压力下进行, 反应装置无 须使用高压容器, 过程经济性强, 而且操作安全方便, 离子液体可以回收, 合成成本 低, 合成过程无酸碱排放, 环境友好。 附图说明
图 1为 -CLO及其中的 α-笼、 rpa-笼、 20-元环和 8-元环的结构示意图。
图 2为本发明实施例 1中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 3为本发明实施例 2中样品的 XRD谱图。 图 4为本发明实施例 3中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 5为本发明实施例 4中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 6为本发明实施例 5中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 7为本发明实施例 6中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 8为本发明实施例 7中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 9为本发明实施例 8中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 10为本发明实施例 9中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 11为本发明实施例 10中样品的 XRD谱图。
图 12为本发明实施例 11中样品的 XRD谱图。 具体实施方式
以下的实施例对本发明做进一步的说明, 但本发明并不局限于以下的实施例中, 比如: 本发明中的含铝原料包括异丙醇铝、 拟薄水铝石、 水合氧化铝、 硫酸铝或者硝 酸铝, 为简明起见, 只举异丙醇铝为例, 但在实际操作中, 只要符合本发明的条件, 使用其它几种含铝原料都可以达到本发明的目的。
实施例 1
将 52.8gl-乙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (EMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 0.8g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 1.4g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴加 0.41g质量浓度为 40 %的氢氟酸, 搅拌至均匀, 然后加入 0.64g己二胺 (HDA), 继 续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F-: EMIMBr: HDA (磷和铝 按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 1 : 2.4 : 80 : 1.6。 将混合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中, 放入 230°C烘箱中, 保持 1小时, 然后将 反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应物过滤, 得 到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终白色粉 末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图 (图 2) 与粉末 衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1 分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO 结 构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果 (表 2)说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203 : P205 (铝和 磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 2
将 52.8gl-乙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (EMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 0.8g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 1.4 g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴 加 0.34g质量浓度为 40 %的氢氟酸, 搅拌至均匀, 然后加入 0.40g己二胺 (HDA), 继续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F-: EMIMBr: HDA (磷和 铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1: 1: 2: 80: 1。 将混合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中, 放入 190°C烘箱中, 保持 6小时, 然后将 反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应物过滤, 得 到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终白色粉 末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图 (图 3 ) 与粉末 衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO结构,同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果 (表 2) 说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203: P205 (铝和磷采用氧 化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 3
将 52.8gl-乙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (EMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 0.8g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 1.4g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴加 0.16g质量浓度为 40 %的氢氟酸, 搅拌至均匀, 然后加入 0.12g己二胺 (HDA), 继 续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F-: EMIMBr: HDA (磷和铝 按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 1 : 0.8 : 80 : 0.3。 将混合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中, 放入 150°C烘箱中, 保持 12小时, 然后将 反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应物过滤, 得 到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终白色粉 末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图 (图 4) 与粉末 衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1 分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO 结 构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果 (表 2)说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203 : P205 (铝和 磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 4
将 52.8gl-乙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (EMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 1.6g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 1.4 g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴 加 0.16 g质量浓度为 40 %的氢氟酸, 搅拌至均匀, 然后加入 0.12g己二胺 (HDA), 继续搅拌至均匀搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F-: EMIMBr: HDA (磷和铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1: 2: 0.8: 80: 0.3。 将 混合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,放入 170°C烘箱中,保持 12 小时, 然后将反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反 应物过滤, 得到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终白色粉末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干,该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图(图 5 )与粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO结构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果(表 2)说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203: P205 (铝和磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 5
将 13.2gl-乙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (EMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 0.8g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 1.4 g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴 加 0.34g质量浓度为 40 %的氢氟酸, 搅拌至均匀, 然后加入 0.40g己二胺 (HDA), 继续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F-: EMIMBr: HDA (磷和 铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1: 1: 2: 10: 1。 将混合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中, 放入 190°C烘箱中, 保持 10小时, 然后将 反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应物过滤, 得 到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终白色粉 末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图 (图 6) 与粉末 衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1 分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO 结 构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果 (表 2)说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203 : P205 (铝和 磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。 将 52.8gl-乙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (EMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 0.6g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 1.4g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴加 0.40 g质量浓度为 40%的氢氟酸, 搅拌至均匀, 然后加入 0.40g己二胺 (HDA), 继 续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F-: EMIMBr: HDA (磷和铝 按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1: 0.75 : 2 : 80 : l o 将混合物转移至 100ml密闭的带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中, 放入 190°C烘箱中, 保持 10小时, 然后将反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应物过 滤, 得到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终 白色粉末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图 (图 7) 与粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1 分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO结构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果(表 2)说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203: P205 (铝和磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 7
将 39.0gl-丙基 -3-甲基氯化咪唑离子液体 (PrMIMCl) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 0.8g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 1.4g异丙醇铝, 0.25g氟 化胺, 搅拌至均匀, 然后加入 0.34g环己胺, 继续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混 合物中 A1203: P205: F-: PrMIMCl: 环己胺 (磷和铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比 例为 (摩尔比) 1: 1: 2: 80: 1。 将混合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反 应釜中,放入 190 °C烘箱中,保持 10小时,然后将反应混合物冷却到室温,加入 150ml 去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应物过滤, 得到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并 将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终白色粉末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉 末为 DNL-1分子筛,XRD谱图(图 8)与粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1 分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO结构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果 (表 2) 说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203: P205 (铝和磷采用氧化物的形式表示)比例为(摩尔比) 1: 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 8
将 52.8gl-乙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (EMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 0.8g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 1.4 g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴 加 0.34g质量浓度为 40%的氢氟酸, 搅拌至均匀, 然后加入 0.4g己二胺(HDA), 继 续搅拌至均匀搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F- : EMIMBr: HDA (磷和铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1: 1: 2: 80: 1。 将上 述前体混合物在微波辐射的条件下加热至 200°C, 常压或自生压力下晶化 20分钟, 然后将反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应物过 滤, 得到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终 白色粉末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图 (图 9) 与粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1 分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO结构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果(表 2)说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203: P205 (铝和磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 9 将 52.8gl-乙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (EMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 4.61g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 6.69g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴 加 0.86g质量浓度为 40%的氢氟酸,搅拌至均匀,然后加入 3.97g正二丙胺(n-DPA), 继续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F-: EMIMBr: n-DPA (磷 和铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1: 1.20: 1.07: 16.9 : 1.20。 将 混合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中, 放入 180°C烘箱中, 保持 4 小时, 然后将反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反 应物过滤, 得到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终白色粉末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干,该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图(图 10) 与粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定 的 -CLO结构,同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果 (表 2)说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203: P205 (铝和磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 10
将 52.8gl-丙基 -3-甲基溴化咪唑离子液体 (PrMIMBr) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升 温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 4.61g质量浓度为 85^%的磷酸, 6.7g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴 加 0.86g质量浓度为 40%的氢氟酸,搅拌至均匀,然后加入 3.97g正二丙胺(n-DPA), 继续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203: P205: F-: PrMIMBr: n-DPA (磷 和铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 1.20 : 1.07 : 15.9 : 1.20 ο 将混 合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中, 放入 180°C烘箱中, 保持 4小 时, 然后将反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应 物过滤, 得到白色固体粉末, 重复洗涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将 最终白色粉末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图 (图 11 ) 与粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定测试确定 DNL-1分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定 的 -CLO结构,同时 X-射线荧光光谱分析结果 (表 2)说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203: P205 (铝和磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。
实施例 11
将 60.0g四乙基氯化铵-季戊四醇低共熔混合物 (TEAC-Pent) (TEAC与 Pent摩 尔比为 0.82:1 ) 加入到 100ml烧杯中, 升温至 100°C, 磁力搅拌加入 6.19g质量浓度 为 85^%的磷酸, 7.6g异丙醇铝, 均匀滴加 0.96g质量浓度为 40%的氢氟酸, 搅拌至 均匀, 然后加入 1.53g 2-甲基咪唑(2-MIm), 继续搅拌至均匀得反应前体混合物, 混 合物中 A1203: P205: F-: TEAC-Pent: 2-MIm (磷和铝按照其氧化物的形式表示) 的比 例为 (摩尔比) 1: 1.20: 1.07: 9.76: 1.0。 将混合物转移至 100ml带有聚四氟内衬的 不锈钢反应釜中, 放入 180°C烘箱中, 保持 4小时, 然后将反应混合物冷却到室温, 加入 150ml去离子水, 搅拌, 超声洗涤, 将反应物过滤, 得到白色固体粉末, 重复洗 涤三次, 并将该白色粉末用 50ml丙酮洗涤。 将最终白色粉末置于 110°C烘箱中烘干, 该白色粉末为 DNL-1分子筛, XRD谱图(图 12)与粉末衍射数据库卡片比较确定测 试确定 DNL-1分子筛具有国际沸石协会指定的 -CLO结构, 同时 X-射线荧光光谱分 析结果 (表 2) 说明 DNL-1分子筛中 A1203 : P205 (铝和磷采用氧化物的形式表示) 比例为 (摩尔比) 1 : 0.8〜1.2。 表 1为本发明实施例 1〜11中样品的 XRD衍射峰的位置和相对强弱。
Figure imgf000009_0001
表 2为本发明实施例 1〜11中样品的 X-射线荧光光谱元素含量分析结果。
Figure imgf000009_0002

Claims

1 . 一种 -CLO结构磷酸铝分子筛, 命名为 DNL-l , 其特征是: 该分子筛 X-射线 衍射谱图具有至少以下所列衍射峰,
2Θ值表示 ί 射峰位置, 2Θ/°: 3.43±0.2, 4.85±0.2, 5.95±0.2, 6.87±0.2, 7.70±0.2,
8.42±0.2, 9.73±0.2, 10.32±0.2, 11.41±0.2, 11.92±0.2, 12.42±0.2, 12.89±0.2, 13.78±0.2, 14.20±0.2, 14.62±0.2, 20.72±0.2;
其结构具有国际沸石协会确认的 -CLO结构,同时该分子筛中 Α1203: Ρ205摩尔比 例为 1: 0.8〜1.2; DNL-1分子筛骨架中 Ρ04和 A104四面体严格交替, 其中部分 Ρ04 和 Α104带有端羟基, 从而构成一个三维间断式结构, 其具有两个非交叉的三维孔道 体系, 一个体系经由 α笼和 rpa笼, 具有八元环孔口, 而另一个经由立方体的面, 具 有由 20个 A1和 P原子和 24个氧原子围成的四叶苜蓿形的孔口, 这些孔道的交叉部 分是一个大的带有口袋的立方超笼。
2. 按照权利要求 1所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 采用离子热合成方法, 其过程 包括:
A) 制备前体混合物: 于离子液体或低共熔混合物中依次向其中加入含磷原料、 含铝原料和含氟原料, 搅拌至均匀后加入有机胺, 继续搅拌至均匀形成前体混合物, 混合物中 A1203 : P205: F-:离子液体或低共熔混合物:有机胺的摩尔比例为 1: 0.1〜10: 0.01-10: 0.01-1000 :0.01-10;
B) 将制得的前体混合物加热到 100°C〜300°C条件下晶化, 晶化时间 1分钟;
C) 晶化结束后, 将反应物冷却至室温, 过滤、 洗涤并干燥, 得到的固体为磷酸 铝分子筛, 命名为 DNL-1分子筛。
3. 按照权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 前体混合物中 Al203 : P205 : F- : 离子液体或低共熔混合物: 有机胺的摩尔比例为 1 : 0.5-2: 0.1-3: 5-100: 0.1〜2。
4. 按照权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 离子液体为以下阳离子: 烷基 季铵离子 [NR4]+, 烷基季膦离子 [Ρ ]+, 烷基取代的咪唑离子 [Rim]+, 烷基取代的吡 啶离子 [Rpy]+中的一种或几种混合的离子液体, R为 C1-C16的烷基;
低共熔混合物为季铵盐化合物与醇、 酰胺或有机酸中的一种或多种组成的混合 物;
所述季铵盐化合物为: 四丙基溴化铵、 四丙基氯化铵、 四乙基溴化铵、 四乙基氯 化铵、 四甲基溴化铵、 四甲基氯化铵、 甲哌嗡或氯化胆碱;
醇为: 季戊四醇或新戊二醇; 酰胺为: 尿素及其衍生物; 有机酸为: 草酸、 丙二 酸、 丁二酸、 己二酸或苯甲酸; 混合物中季铵盐化合物与醇、 酰胺或有机酸的摩尔比 为 ( 0.1-10.0) : 1 ο
5. 按照权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 含磷原料为磷酸或磷酸盐中的 磷酸铵、磷酸一氢铵或磷酸二氢铵;含铝原料为异丙醇铝、拟薄水铝石、水合氧化铝、 硫酸铝或硝酸铝。
6. 按照权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 含氟原料为氢氟酸、 氟化铵或 氟化钠。
7. 按照权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 有机胺为脂肪胺、 芳香胺、 醇 胺、 季铵盐类化合物中的一种或几种。
8. 按照权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 晶化温度为 120°C〜280°C, 晶 化时间 5分钟。
9. 按照权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 所述离子液体或低共熔混合物 在加入原料前升温至 10-150°C, 即原料的混合温度为 10-150°C。
10. 按照权利要求 2所述的制备方法, 其特征是: 所述前体混合物中可以含有一 定比例水, 水可由原料带入, 也可额外加入, 含水量可为前体混合物总重量的 0-10wt%。
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