WO2011055572A1 - 表示装置 - Google Patents
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- WO2011055572A1 WO2011055572A1 PCT/JP2010/062318 JP2010062318W WO2011055572A1 WO 2011055572 A1 WO2011055572 A1 WO 2011055572A1 JP 2010062318 W JP2010062318 W JP 2010062318W WO 2011055572 A1 WO2011055572 A1 WO 2011055572A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
- G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
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- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
- G09G3/3659—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix the addressing of the pixel involving the control of two or more scan electrodes or two or more data electrodes, e.g. pixel voltage dependant on signal of two data electrodes
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- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3614—Control of polarity reversal in general
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pixel circuit and a display device including the pixel circuit, and more particularly to an active matrix display device.
- a portable terminal such as a mobile phone or a portable game machine generally uses a liquid crystal display device as its display means.
- a liquid crystal display device As its display means.
- mobile phones and the like are driven by a battery, reduction of power consumption is strongly demanded. For this reason, information that always needs to be displayed, such as time and remaining battery power, is displayed on the reflective sub-panel.
- time and remaining battery power information that always needs to be displayed, such as time and remaining battery power, is displayed on the reflective sub-panel.
- both the normal display by the full color display and the continuous display by the reflection type are compatible on the same main panel.
- FIG. 26 shows an equivalent circuit of a pixel circuit of a general active matrix type liquid crystal display device.
- FIG. 27 shows a circuit arrangement example of an active matrix liquid crystal display device with m ⁇ n pixels. Note that m and n are both integers of 2 or more.
- a switch element made of a thin film transistor is provided at each intersection of m source lines SL1, SL2,..., SLm and n scanning lines GL1, GL2,. .
- each source line SL1, SL2,..., SLm is represented by the source line SL, and similarly, each scanning line GL1, GL2,. .
- the liquid crystal capacitive element Clc and the auxiliary capacitive element Cs are connected in parallel via the TFT.
- the liquid crystal capacitive element Clc has a laminated structure in which a liquid crystal layer is provided between the pixel electrode 20 and the counter electrode 80.
- the counter electrode is also called a common electrode.
- the auxiliary capacitor Cs has one end (one electrode) connected to the pixel electrode 20 and the other end (the other electrode) connected to the auxiliary capacitor line CSL, and stabilizes the voltage of the pixel data held in the pixel electrode 20.
- the auxiliary capacitor Cs has the following characteristics: the capacitance of the liquid crystal capacitor Clc varies between black display and white display due to the leakage current of the TFT and the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules, and the parasitic capacitance between the pixel electrode and the peripheral wiring. This has the effect of suppressing fluctuations in the voltage of the pixel data held in the pixel electrode due to voltage fluctuations or the like generated through the pixel electrodes.
- the TFT connected to one scanning line becomes conductive, and the voltage of pixel data supplied to each source line is written to the corresponding pixel electrode in units of scanning lines.
- the power consumption for driving the liquid crystal display device is almost governed by the power consumption for driving the source line by the source driver, and is generally expressed by the following relational expression (1).
- P power consumption
- f refresh rate (number of refresh operations for one frame per unit time)
- C load capacity driven by the source driver
- V drive voltage of the source driver
- n The number of scanning lines
- m indicates the number of source lines.
- the refresh operation refers to an operation of applying a voltage to the pixel electrode through the source line while maintaining display contents.
- the refresh frequency during the constant display is lowered.
- the pixel data voltage held in the pixel electrode varies due to the leakage current of the TFT.
- the voltage fluctuation becomes a fluctuation in display brightness (liquid crystal transmittance) of each pixel and is observed as flicker.
- the average potential in each frame period also decreases, there is a possibility that display quality may be deteriorated such that sufficient contrast cannot be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 in the continuous display of still images such as the remaining battery level and time display, as a method for simultaneously solving the problem that the display quality deteriorates due to the decrease in the refresh frequency and the reduction in power consumption, for example, Patent Document 1 below.
- liquid crystal display with both transmissive and reflective functions is possible, and a pixel circuit in a pixel region capable of reflective liquid crystal display has a memory unit.
- This memory unit holds information to be displayed on the reflective liquid crystal display unit as a voltage signal.
- the pixel circuit reads out the voltage held in the memory portion, thereby displaying information corresponding to the voltage.
- Patent Document 1 since the memory unit is configured by an SRAM and the voltage signal is statically held, a refresh operation is not required, and display quality can be maintained and power consumption can be reduced at the same time.
- the liquid crystal display device used in a mobile phone or the like in the case of adopting the above configuration, in addition to the auxiliary capacitance element for holding the voltage of each pixel data as analog information during normal operation, It is necessary to provide a memory unit for storing pixel data for each pixel or each pixel group. As a result, the number of elements and the number of signal lines to be formed on the array substrate (active matrix substrate) constituting the display unit in the liquid crystal display device increases, and the aperture ratio in the transmission mode decreases. Further, when a polarity inversion driving circuit for alternating current driving of the liquid crystal is provided together with the memory unit, the aperture ratio is further reduced. As described above, when the aperture ratio decreases due to the increase in the number of elements and the number of signal lines, the luminance of the display image in the normal display mode decreases.
- each pixel circuit has some threshold variation in the process.
- the pixel voltage may be affected due to the variation in the threshold value.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a display device capable of preventing deterioration of liquid crystal and display quality with low power consumption without causing a decrease in aperture ratio. is there.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a display device capable of maintaining a pixel voltage after writing even in a pixel circuit including a transistor element having a small threshold due to variation in threshold.
- a display device includes: A display device having a pixel circuit group in which a plurality of pixel circuits are arranged,
- the pixel circuit includes: A display element unit including a unit display element; An internal node that forms part of the display element unit and holds a voltage of pixel data applied to the display element unit; A first switch circuit for transferring a voltage of the pixel data supplied from a data signal line to the internal node via at least a predetermined switch element; A second switch circuit for transferring a voltage supplied to a predetermined voltage supply line to the internal node without passing through the predetermined switch element; A control circuit for holding a predetermined voltage corresponding to the voltage of the pixel data held by the internal node at one end of the first capacitor element and controlling conduction / non-conduction of the second switch circuit, Of the first to third transistor elements having a first terminal, a second terminal, and a control terminal for controlling conduction between the first and second terminals, the first and third transistor elements are connected to the second
- Each of the control circuits has a second transistor element
- the second switch circuit includes a series circuit of the first transistor element and the third transistor element
- the control circuit includes a series circuit of the second transistor element and the first capacitor element, One end of the first switch circuit is connected to the data signal line, One end of the second switch circuit is connected to the voltage supply line, The other ends of the first and second switch circuits and the first terminal of the second transistor element are connected to the internal node, A control terminal of the first transistor element, a second terminal of the second transistor element, and one end of the first capacitor element are connected to each other to form an output node of the control circuit; A control terminal of the second transistor element is connected to the first control line; A control terminal of the third transistor element is connected to a second control line; The other end of the first capacitive element is connected to the third control line;
- the predetermined switch element is a fourth transistor element having a first terminal, a second terminal, and a control terminal for controlling conduction between the first and second terminals, and the control terminal is connected to
- the scanning signal line driving circuit applies a predetermined voltage to the scanning signal lines connected to all of the pixel circuits included in the pixel circuit group to make the fourth transistor element non-conductive;
- the control line driving circuit is A predetermined voltage for turning off the third transistor element is applied to the second control line, and a voltage state of binary pixel data held by the internal node is applied to the first control line.
- the current from one end of the first capacitive element to the internal node is cut off by the second transistor element, and in the second voltage state, the second transistor element is made conductive.
- Applying a first control voltage to the state Thereafter, by applying a first boost voltage to the third control line, a voltage change due to capacitive coupling via the first capacitive element is applied to one end of the first capacitive element, whereby the internal node
- the voltage change is not suppressed and the first transistor element is turned on.
- the voltage applied to the first control line is changed to the second control voltage, so that the voltage state of the internal node is set by the second transistor element regardless of whether the voltage state of the internal node is the first voltage state or the second voltage state.
- the current from one end of the first capacitive element toward the internal node is cut off,
- the voltage applied to the third control line is changed to a second boost voltage closer to the ground voltage than the first boost voltage, and capacitive coupling via the first capacitive element to one end of the first capacitive element
- the voltage supply line may also be used as the data signal line.
- the pixel circuit further includes a second capacitor element having one end connected to the internal node and the other end connected to the fourth control line, the voltage supply line is also used as the fourth control line. Is also possible.
- an operation for returning the absolute value of the voltage across the display element unit to the value at the previous write operation can be executed without using the write operation.
- an operation for returning the absolute value of the voltage across the display element unit to the value at the previous write operation can be executed without using the write operation.
- the self-refresh operation can be performed under the condition that the multi-level voltage state is held in the internal node.
- the pixel circuit of the present invention by performing the self-refresh operation, the refresh operation can be collectively executed for each of the held voltage states for a plurality of arranged pixels. . For this reason, the number of times of driving the driver circuit required from the start to the end of the refresh operation can be greatly reduced, and low power consumption can be realized.
- the aperture ratio is not greatly reduced unlike the related art.
- the transistor element in the pixel circuit is an element having a low threshold value, it is possible to maintain the pixel voltage immediately after writing without being influenced by the transistor element. The reason is as follows.
- the voltage of the first voltage state is supplied from the voltage supply line only when the internal node is in the first voltage state (high level voltage), while the second voltage state ( In the case of a low level voltage), the voltage is not supplied.
- the refresh operation is automatically and selectively performed only on the pixel circuit whose internal node immediately after writing is in the first voltage state.
- the voltage in the first voltage state supplied from the voltage supply line is not supplied to the internal node. It is necessary to have such a circuit configuration. This control is realized by conduction control of the second switch circuit.
- the second switch circuit includes a third transistor element and a first transistor element.
- the voltage of the first voltage state is supplied from the voltage supply line after the third transistor element is turned on regardless of the voltage state of the internal node. , Substantially by the conduction control of the first transistor element.
- the conduction control of the first transistor element is performed by changing the potential of the output node by applying a voltage to the third control line.
- the potential of the output node is shifted in the direction away from the ground potential by applying a voltage to the third control line with the second transistor cut off, thereby One transistor element is made conductive.
- the first transistor element is an N-channel type, a positive first boost voltage is applied so as to push up the potential of the output node in the positive direction. What is necessary is just to apply a boost voltage.
- the internal node when the internal node is in the second voltage state, by applying a voltage to the third control line with the second transistor element conducting in the direction from the output node toward the internal node, the potential of the output node is set.
- the first transistor element is made non-conductive.
- the voltage applied to the third control line is changed to the second boost voltage closer to the ground voltage than the first boost voltage before the third transistor element is turned on, and the potential of the output node is changed. That is, the potential of the control terminal of the first transistor element is shifted to the ground potential side, thereby reliably turning off the first transistor element when the internal node is in the second voltage state. At this time, even when the internal node is in the first voltage state, the potential of the output node is shifted to the ground potential side. However, when the first boost voltage is applied, the potential of the output node is separated from the ground potential (in the N-channel type).
- the first transistor element can continue to be conductive even if the potential is shifted to the ground potential side. That is, the second boost voltage is a value that reliably turns off the second transistor element when the internal node is in the second voltage state, and continues to turn on the second transistor element when in the first voltage state. Need to be.
- the refresh operation can be automatically and selectively performed only on the pixel circuit in which the internal node is in the first voltage state without causing the potential change of the internal node.
- the block diagram which shows an example of schematic structure of the display apparatus of this invention Partial cross-sectional schematic structure diagram of a liquid crystal display device
- the block diagram which shows an example of schematic structure of the display apparatus of this invention Circuit diagram showing basic circuit configuration of pixel circuit Circuit diagram showing a first type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing another circuit configuration example of the first type Circuit diagram showing another circuit configuration example of the first type Circuit diagram showing a second type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing a third type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing a fourth type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing another circuit configuration example of type 4 Circuit diagram showing another circuit configuration example of type 4 Circuit diagram showing a fifth type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing a sixth type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing a sixth type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing a sixth type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing a sixth type circuit configuration example Circuit diagram showing a sixth type circuit configuration example Timing chart of self-refresh operation by first and fourth type pixel circuits Timing chart of self-refresh operation by second and fifth type pixel circuits Timing chart of self-refresh operation by third and sixth type
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of the display device 1.
- the display device 1 includes an active matrix substrate 10, a counter electrode 80, a display control circuit 11, a counter electrode drive circuit 12, a source driver 13, a gate driver 14, and various signal lines to be described later.
- the pixel circuit 2 is displayed in blocks in order to avoid the drawing from becoming complicated.
- the active matrix substrate 10 is illustrated on the upper side of the counter electrode 80 for convenience.
- the display device 1 is configured to perform screen display in two display modes, the normal display mode and the constant display mode, using the same pixel circuit 2.
- the normal display mode is a display mode in which a moving image or a still image is displayed in a full color display, and a transmissive liquid crystal display using a backlight is used.
- the constant display mode of this embodiment two gradations (monochrome) are displayed in units of pixel circuits, and three adjacent pixel circuits 2 are assigned to each of the three primary colors (R, G, B), and eight colors are displayed.
- the display mode to display.
- the constant display mode it is also possible to increase the number of display colors by area gradation by combining a plurality of adjacent three pixel circuits.
- the constant display mode of the present embodiment is a technique that can be used for both transmissive liquid crystal display and reflective liquid crystal display.
- the minimum display unit corresponding to one pixel circuit 2 is referred to as “pixel”, and “pixel data” written to each pixel circuit is displayed in color by three primary colors (R, G, B). In this case, gradation data for each color is obtained. In the case of color display including black and white luminance data in addition to the three primary colors, the luminance data is also included in the pixel data.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram showing the relationship between the active matrix substrate 10 and the counter electrode 80, and shows the structure of the display element unit 21 (see FIG. 4) which is a component of the pixel circuit 2.
- the active matrix substrate 10 is a light transmissive transparent substrate, and is made of, for example, glass or plastic.
- a pixel circuit 2 including each signal line is formed on the active matrix substrate 10.
- the pixel electrode 20 is illustrated as a representative of the components of the pixel circuit 2.
- the pixel electrode 20 is made of a light transmissive transparent conductive material, for example, ITO (indium tin oxide).
- a light-transmitting counter substrate 81 is disposed so as to face the active matrix substrate 10, and a liquid crystal layer 75 is held in the gap between the two substrates.
- Polarizing plates (not shown) are attached to the outer surfaces of both substrates.
- the liquid crystal layer 75 is sealed with a sealing material 74 at the peripheral portions of both substrates.
- a counter electrode 80 made of a light transmissive transparent conductive material such as ITO is formed so as to face the pixel electrode 20.
- the counter electrode 80 is formed as a single film so as to spread over the counter substrate 81 substantially on one surface.
- a unit liquid crystal display element Clc (see FIG. 4) is formed by one pixel electrode 20, the counter electrode 80, and the liquid crystal layer 75 sandwiched therebetween.
- a backlight device (not shown) is arranged on the back side of the active matrix substrate 10 and can emit light in a direction from the active matrix substrate 10 toward the counter substrate 81.
- a plurality of signal lines are formed in the vertical and horizontal directions on the active matrix substrate 10. Then, m source lines (SL1, SL2,..., SLm) extending in the vertical direction (column direction) and n gate lines (GL1, GL2,..., SL extending in the horizontal direction (row direction).
- a plurality of pixel circuits 2 are formed in a matrix at a location where GLn) intersects. m and n are both natural numbers of 2 or more.
- Each source line is represented by “source line SL”
- each gate line is represented by “gate line GL”.
- the source line SL corresponds to the “data signal line”
- the gate line GL corresponds to the “scanning signal line”.
- the source driver 13 corresponds to a “data signal line driving circuit”
- the gate driver 14 corresponds to a “scanning signal line driving circuit”
- the counter electrode driving circuit 12 corresponds to a “counter electrode voltage supply circuit”.
- a part of the control circuit 11 corresponds to a “control line driving circuit”.
- the display control circuit 11 and the counter electrode drive circuit 12 are illustrated so as to exist separately from the source driver 13 and the gate driver 14, respectively, but the display control circuit is included in these drivers. 11 and the counter electrode drive circuit 12 may be included.
- the signal line for driving the pixel circuit 2 in addition to the source line SL and the gate line GL, the reference line REF, the selection line SEL, the auxiliary capacitance line CSL, the voltage supply line VSL, and the boost line BST are provided. Prepare.
- the voltage supply line VSL can be an independent signal line as shown in FIG. 1, or can be shared with the auxiliary capacitance line CSL or the source line SL.
- FIG. 1 the configuration in the case where the voltage supply line VSL is shared with the auxiliary capacitance line CSL or the source line SL is shown in FIG.
- the number of signal lines to be arranged on the active matrix substrate 10 can be reduced, and the aperture ratio of each pixel can be improved. .
- the reference line REF, the selection line SEL, and the boost line BST correspond to “first control line”, “second control line”, and “third control line”, respectively, and are driven by the display control circuit 11.
- the auxiliary capacitance line CSL corresponds to the “fourth control line” and is driven by the display control circuit 11 as an example.
- the reference line REF, the selection line SEL, the boost line BST, and the auxiliary capacitance line CSL are all provided in each row so as to extend in the row direction.
- the wirings are connected to each other to be integrated, but the wirings in each row may be driven individually and configured to be able to apply a common voltage according to the operation mode.
- a part or all of the reference line REF, the selection line SEL, and the auxiliary capacitance line CSL can be provided in each column so as to extend in the column direction. .
- each of the reference line REF, the selection line SEL, the boost line BST, and the auxiliary capacitance line CSL is configured to be used in common by the plurality of pixel circuits 2.
- the display control circuit 11 is a circuit that controls each writing operation in a normal display mode and a constant display mode, which will be described later, and a self-refresh operation in the constant display mode.
- the display control circuit 11 receives the data signal Dv representing the image to be displayed and the timing signal Ct from the external signal source, and based on the signals Dv and Ct, the image is displayed on the display element unit 21 ( As the signals to be displayed in FIG. 4), the digital image signal DA and the data side timing control signal Stc given to the source driver 13, the scanning side timing control signal Gtc given to the gate driver 14, and the counter electrode drive circuit 12 are given.
- the counter voltage control signal Sec and each signal voltage applied to the reference line REF, the selection line SEL, the auxiliary capacitance line CSL, the boost line BST, and the voltage supply line VSL are generated.
- the source driver 13 is a circuit that applies a source signal having a predetermined voltage amplitude to each source line SL at a predetermined timing during a write operation and a self-refresh operation under the control of the display control circuit 11.
- the source driver 13 applies a voltage that corresponds to the voltage level of the counter voltage Vcom corresponding to the pixel value for one display line represented by the digital signal DA based on the digital image signal DA and the data side timing control signal Stc.
- Source signals Sc1, Sc2,..., Scm are generated every horizontal period (also referred to as “1H period”).
- the voltage is a multi-gradation analog voltage in the normal display mode, and a two-gradation (binary) voltage in the constant display mode. Then, these source signals are applied to the corresponding source lines SL1, SL2,.
- the source driver 13 applies the same voltage at the same timing to all the source lines SL connected to the target pixel circuit 2 under the control of the display control circuit 11 ( Details will be described later).
- the gate driver 14 is a circuit that applies a gate signal having a predetermined voltage amplitude to each gate line GL at a predetermined timing during a write operation and a self-refresh operation under the control of the display control circuit 11.
- the gate driver 14 may be formed on the active matrix substrate 10 as in the pixel circuit 2.
- the gate driver 14 uses the gate line in each frame period of the digital image signal DA to write the source signals Sc1, Sc2,..., Scm to each pixel circuit 2 based on the scanning side timing control signal Gtc.
- GL1, GL2,..., GLn are sequentially selected almost every horizontal period.
- the gate driver 14 applies the same voltage to all the gate lines GL connected to the target pixel circuit 2 at the same timing under the control of the display control circuit 11 (details are given) Will be described later).
- the counter electrode drive circuit 12 applies a counter voltage Vcom to the counter electrode 80 via the counter electrode wiring CML.
- the counter electrode drive circuit 12 alternately switches and outputs the counter voltage Vcom between a predetermined high level (5 V) and a predetermined low level (0 V) in the normal display mode and the constant display mode.
- driving the counter electrode 80 while switching the counter voltage Vcom between the high level and the low level is referred to as “counter AC driving”.
- Counter AC drive in the normal display mode switches the counter voltage Vcom between a high level and a low level every horizontal period and every frame period.
- the voltage polarity between the counter electrode 80 and the pixel electrode 20 changes in two adjacent horizontal periods.
- the voltage polarity between the counter electrode 80 and the pixel electrode 20 changes in two adjacent frame periods.
- the same voltage level is maintained during one frame period, but the voltage polarity between the counter electrode 80 and the pixel electrode 20 is changed by two successive writing operations.
- FIG. 4 shows a basic circuit configuration of the pixel circuit 2 of the present invention.
- the pixel circuit 2 includes a display element unit 21 including a unit liquid crystal display element Clc, a first switch circuit 22, a second switch circuit 23, a control circuit 24, and an auxiliary capacitance element Cs, which are common to all circuit configurations. It is.
- the auxiliary capacitive element Cs corresponds to a “second capacitive element”.
- the pixel electrode 20 is connected to each end of the first switch circuit 22, the second switch circuit 23, and the control circuit 24 to form an internal node N1.
- the internal node N1 holds the voltage of pixel data supplied from the source line SL during the write operation.
- the auxiliary capacitance element Cs has one end connected to the internal node N1 and the other end connected to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL.
- the auxiliary capacitance element Cs is additionally provided so that the internal node N1 can stably hold the voltage of the pixel data.
- the first switch circuit 22 has one end on the side that does not constitute the internal node N1 connected to the source line SL.
- the first switch circuit 22 includes a transistor T4 that functions as a switch element.
- the transistor T4 indicates a transistor whose control terminal is connected to the gate line, and corresponds to a “fourth transistor”. At least when the transistor T4 is off, the first switch circuit 22 is in a non-conductive state, and the conduction between the source line SL and the internal node N1 is cut off.
- the second switch circuit 23 is configured by a series circuit of a transistor T1 and a transistor T3.
- the transistor T1 indicates a transistor whose control terminal is connected to the output node N2 of the control circuit 24, and corresponds to a “first transistor element”.
- the transistor T3 indicates a transistor whose control terminal is connected to the selection line SEL, and corresponds to a “third transistor element”.
- the control circuit 24 is composed of a series circuit of a transistor T2 and a boost capacitor element Cbst.
- a first terminal of the transistor T2 is connected to the internal node N1, and a control terminal is connected to the reference line REF.
- the second terminal of the transistor T2 is connected to the first terminal of the boost capacitor Cbst and the control terminal of the transistor T1 to form an output node N2.
- the second terminal of the boost capacitor element Cbst is connected to the boost line BST as shown in FIG.
- auxiliary capacitance the capacitance of the auxiliary capacitance element
- liquid crystal capacitance the capacitance of the liquid crystal capacitance element
- Clc the capacitance of the liquid crystal capacitance element
- the boost capacitor element Cbst is set so that Cbst ⁇ Cp is established if the electrostatic capacity of the element (referred to as “boost capacitor”) is described as Cbst.
- the output node N2 holds a voltage corresponding to the voltage level of the internal node N1 when the transistor T2 is on, and maintains the original holding voltage even when the voltage level of the internal node N1 changes when the transistor T2 is off.
- the on / off state of the transistor T1 of the second switch circuit 23 is controlled by the holding voltage of the output node N2.
- the four types of transistors T1 to T4 are all thin film transistors such as polysilicon TFTs and amorphous silicon TFTs formed on the active matrix substrate 10.
- One of the first and second terminals is a drain electrode, and the other is a source.
- the electrode and the control terminal correspond to the gate electrode.
- each of the transistors T1 to T4 may be composed of a single transistor element. However, when there is a high demand for suppressing the leakage current when the transistor is off, a plurality of transistors are connected in series, and the control terminal is shared. May be configured. In the following description of the operation of the pixel circuit 2, it is assumed that the transistors T1 to T4 are all N-channel polysilicon TFTs and have a threshold voltage of about 2V.
- the threshold voltage of the transistor is expected to vary due to the process steps.
- One feature of the configuration of the present invention is that a problem that may occur during a self-refresh operation, which will be described later, can be solved particularly when the threshold voltage of the transistor T1 is lowered. Therefore, the threshold voltage of the transistor T1 is more than 2V. The case where the value is sufficiently low will also be described as appropriate.
- the pixel circuit 2 can have various circuit configurations as will be described later, and these can be patterned as follows.
- the first switch circuit 22 there are two possible cases: when it is composed of only the transistor T4, and when it is composed of a series circuit of the transistor T4 and other transistor elements.
- the transistor T3 in the second switch circuit 23 can be used, or the transistor T3 in the second switch circuit 23 and the control terminal are connected to each other. Another transistor element may be used.
- the pixel circuit 2 is divided into six types of combinations of the configuration of the first switch circuit 22 and the configuration of the voltage supply line VSL.
- the case where the first switch circuit 22 is composed of only the transistor T4 is the first to third types
- the case where the first switch circuit 22 is composed of the series circuit of the transistor T4 and other transistor elements is the fourth.
- the first and fourth types are cases where the voltage supply line VSL is constituted by independent signal lines
- the second and fifth types are the cases where the voltage supply line VSL is shared with the auxiliary capacitance line CSL.
- the third and sixth types are configurations in which the voltage supply line VSL is shared with the source line SL.
- the first switch circuit 22 is composed only of the transistor T4, and the voltage supply line VSL is composed of an independent signal line.
- the reference line REF and the voltage supply line VSL extend in the horizontal direction (row direction) in parallel with the gate line GL, but may extend in the vertical direction (column direction) in parallel with the source line SL.
- the second switch circuit 23 is configured by a series circuit of a transistor T1 and a transistor T3.
- the first terminal of the transistor T1 is connected to the internal node N1
- the second terminal of the transistor T1 is A configuration example is shown in which the first terminal of the transistor T3 is connected and the second terminal of the transistor T3 is connected to the source line SL.
- the arrangement of the transistors T1 and T3 in the series circuit may be interchanged, and a circuit configuration in which the transistor T1 is sandwiched between the two transistors T3 may be employed.
- the two modified circuit configuration examples are shown in FIGS.
- the first switch circuit 22 includes only the transistor T4, and the voltage supply line VSL is shared with the auxiliary capacitance line CSL.
- the storage capacitor line CSL extends in the horizontal direction (row direction) in parallel with the gate line GL, but may extend in the vertical direction (column direction) in parallel with the source line SL.
- the first switch circuit 22 is composed only of the transistor T4, and the voltage supply line VSL is shared with the source line SL.
- the fourth type pixel circuit 2D shown in FIG. 10 is similar to the first type pixel circuit 2A shown in FIG. 6 except that the first switch circuit 22 is composed of a series circuit of a transistor T4 and another transistor element. It is common.
- FIG. 10 shows a configuration in which the transistor in the second switch circuit 23 is also used as a transistor element other than the transistor T4 constituting the first switch circuit 22. That is, the first switch circuit 22 is configured by a series circuit of a transistor T4 and a transistor T3, and the second switch circuit 23 is configured by a series circuit of a transistor T1 and a transistor T3.
- the first terminal of the transistor T3 is connected to the internal node N1
- the second terminal of the transistor T3 is connected to the first terminal of the transistor T1 and the first terminal of the transistor T4
- the second terminal of the transistor T4 is connected to the source line SL.
- the second terminal of the transistor T1 is connected to the voltage supply line VSL.
- the first switch circuit 22 is configured to be conductively controlled by the selection line SEL in addition to the gate line GL.
- the transistor T3 in the second switch circuit 23 and the transistor T5 connected between the control terminals are connected.
- a configuration using can also be realized.
- the transistor T5 corresponds to a “fifth transistor element”.
- the transistor T5 is ON / OFF controlled by the selection line SEL similarly to the transistor T3.
- the transistor elements other than the transistor T4 constituting the first switch circuit 22 are common to the configuration of FIG. 10 in that on / off control is performed by the selection line SEL.
- the transistor T3 is shared by the first switch circuit 22 and the second switch circuit 23. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the transistor T3 in the second switch circuit 23 needs to be positioned on the internal node N1 side, and the transistor T1 needs to be positioned on the voltage supply line VSL side. That is, the positional relationship between the transistors T1 and T3 cannot be as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the transistor T1 can be sandwiched between the transistors T3 as shown in FIG. A modified example in this case is shown in FIG.
- a fifth type pixel circuit 2E shown in FIG. 13 is a second type pixel circuit 2B in which the first switch circuit 22 is constituted by a series circuit of a transistor T4 and a transistor T3. Similar to the fourth type pixel circuit 2D shown in FIG. 10, the transistor T3 needs to be arranged on the internal node N1 side in the second switch circuit 23. Therefore, the arrangement of T1 and T3 is changed from FIG.
- a sixth type pixel circuit 2F shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 is a third type pixel circuit 2C in which the first switch circuit 22 is configured by a series circuit of a transistor T4 and a transistor T3.
- the first switch circuit 22 and the second switch circuit 23 are configured to connect one to the internal node N1 and the other to the source line SL, as shown in FIGS.
- the arrangement of the transistor elements T1 and T3 in the second switch circuit 23 can be switched.
- a modified circuit as shown in FIG. 16 is also possible.
- the self-refresh operation is an operation in the constant display mode, and the first switch circuit 22, the second switch circuit 23, and the control circuit 24 are operated in a predetermined sequence for the plurality of pixel circuits 2, and the potential of the pixel electrode 20 is determined. (This is also the potential of the internal node N1) is an operation for simultaneously restoring the potential written in the previous write operation in a lump.
- the self-refresh operation is an operation peculiar to the present invention by each of the pixel circuits described above, and consumes significantly less energy than the “external refresh operation” in which the normal write operation is performed to restore the potential of the pixel electrode 20 as in the past. Electricity is possible. Note that “simultaneously” in the above “collectively” means “simultaneously” having a time width of a series of self-refresh operations.
- All the gate lines GL, source lines SL, selection lines SEL, reference lines REF, auxiliary capacitance lines CSL, boost lines BST, and counter electrodes 80 connected to the pixel circuit 2 to be subjected to the self-refresh operation all have the same timing.
- the voltage is applied at.
- the voltage supply line VSL is provided as an independent signal line, the voltage is applied to the voltage supply line VSL at the same timing.
- the same voltage is applied to all the gate lines GL, the same voltage is applied to all the reference lines REF, and the same voltage is applied to all the auxiliary capacitance lines CSL.
- the same voltage is applied to all the boost lines BST and the voltage supply line VSL is provided as an independent signal line, the same voltage is applied to all the voltage supply lines VSL.
- the timing control of the voltage application is performed by the display control circuit 11, and each voltage application is performed by the display control circuit 11, the counter electrode drive circuit 12, the source driver 13, and the gate driver 14.
- pixel data of two gradations is held in pixel circuit units, so that the potential VN1 held in the pixel electrode 20 (internal node N1) is the first voltage state.
- Two voltage states of the second voltage state are shown.
- the first voltage state is described as a high level (5V) and the second voltage state is described as a low level (0V).
- the refresh operation for all the pixel circuits is executed by performing the voltage application process based on the same sequence regardless of whether the pixel electrode 20 is written to a high or low voltage. can do. This will be described with reference to timing diagrams and circuit diagrams.
- case H the voltage (high level voltage) in the first voltage state is written in the immediately preceding write operation, and the case where the high level voltage is restored is referred to as “case H”.
- case L A case where the voltage state (low level voltage) is written and the low level voltage is restored is referred to as “case L”.
- FIG. 17 shows a timing chart of the self-refresh operation in the first type pixel circuit 2A. As shown in FIG. 17, the self-refresh operation is broken down into two phases P1 and P2 depending on whether or not a voltage is applied to boost line BST.
- time t5 also corresponds to the start time of phase P2.
- the voltage waveform and the voltage waveform of the counter voltage Vcom are illustrated.
- all the pixel circuits in the pixel circuit array are targeted for self-refresh operation.
- FIG. 17 shows waveforms indicating changes in the potential (pixel voltage) VN1 of the internal node N1 and the potential VN2 of the output node N2 in cases H and L, and the on / off states of the transistors T1 to T4.
- VN1 (H) is a waveform indicating a change in potential VN1 in case H.
- VN1 of the internal node N1 varies with the occurrence of a leakage current of each transistor in the pixel circuit.
- VN1 was 5 V immediately after the write operation, but this value is lower than the initial value as time elapses. This is mainly due to leakage current flowing toward a low potential (for example, a ground line) through an off-state transistor.
- the potential VN1 was 0 V immediately after the write operation, but it may rise slightly with time. This is because, for example, a write voltage is applied to the source line SL during a write operation to another pixel circuit, so that even a non-selected pixel circuit is internally connected from the source line SL via a non-conductive transistor. This is because a leak current flows toward the node N1.
- VN1 (H) is displayed slightly lower than 5V and VN1 (L) is displayed slightly higher than 0V.
- Phase P1 In phase P1 started from time t1, a voltage is applied to the gate line GL1 so that the transistor T4 is completely turned off. Here, it is -5V.
- a voltage (5 V) corresponding to the first voltage state is applied to the reference line REF.
- This voltage is a voltage value at which the transistor T2 becomes non-conductive when the voltage state of the internal node N1 is high (case H) and becomes low when the internal node N1 is low (case L). But there is. Note that the voltage applied to the reference line REF at time t1 corresponds to the “first control voltage”.
- a voltage (0 V) corresponding to the second voltage state is applied to the source line SL.
- the counter voltage Vcom applied to the counter electrode 80 and the voltage applied to the storage capacitor line CSL are set to 0V. This is not limited to 0V, and the voltage value at the time prior to time t1 may be maintained as it is.
- the transistor T2 is conductive during the write operation, in the case H in which high level writing is performed, the nodes N1 and N2 are at the high level potential (5 V), and low level writing is performed. In the case L, the nodes N1 and N2 are at a low level potential (0 V).
- the transistor T2 When the write operation is completed, the transistor T2 is turned off, but the node N1 is disconnected from the source line SL, so that the potentials of the nodes N1 and N2 are continuously maintained. That is, the potentials of the nodes N1 and N2 immediately before time t1 are approximately 5V in case H and approximately 0V in case L. “Almost” is a description that takes into account potential fluctuations due to the occurrence of leakage current.
- the gate-source voltage Vgs of the transistor T2 is approximately 0V, which is below the threshold voltage of 2V. It becomes a non-conductive state.
- the gate-source voltage Vgs of the transistor T2 is approximately 5V, which exceeds the threshold voltage of 2V, It becomes a conductive state.
- the transistor T2 does not have to be completely non-conductive, and may be in a state in which it does not conduct at least from the node N2 toward N1.
- the boost line BST is connected to one end of the boost capacitor element Cbst. Therefore, when a high level voltage is applied to the boost line BST, the potential at the other end of the boost capacitor element Cbst, that is, the potential at the output node N2 is pushed up. In this way, raising the potential of the output node N2 by increasing the voltage applied to the boost line BST is hereinafter referred to as “boost pushing up”.
- the potential fluctuation amount of the node N2 due to boost boosting is determined by the ratio of the boost capacitance Cbst to the total capacitance parasitic on the node N2. As an example, if this ratio is 0.7, if one electrode of the boost capacitor increases by ⁇ Vbst, the other electrode, that is, the node N2, increases by approximately 0.7 ⁇ Vbst.
- the internal node potential VN1 (H) at the time t1 is approximately 5V. Therefore, if a potential higher than the threshold voltage 2V than VN1 (H) is applied to the gate of the transistor T1, that is, the output node N2, by the transistor T1. Is conducting.
- the voltage applied to the boost line BST at time t1 is 10V.
- the potential VN2 (H) of the output node N2 rises by 7V. Since the node N2 has almost the same potential (5V) as that of the node N1 at the time immediately before the time t1, the potential VN2 (H) of the node N2 shows about 12V by boosting. Therefore, since a potential difference equal to or higher than the threshold voltage is generated between the gate and the node N1 in the transistor T1, the transistor T1 is turned on.
- the transistor T2 is conductive at time t1. That is, unlike the case H, the output node N2 and the internal node N1 are electrically connected. In this case, the potential fluctuation amount of the output node N2 due to boost boosting is affected by the total parasitic capacitance of the internal node N1 in addition to the boost capacitance Cbst and the total parasitic capacitance of the node N2.
- One end of the auxiliary capacitive element Cs and one end of the liquid crystal capacitive element Clc are connected to the internal node N1, and the total capacitance Cp parasitic on the internal node N1 is substantially represented by the sum of the liquid crystal capacitance Clc and the auxiliary capacitance Cs.
- the boost capacitance Cbst is much smaller than the liquid crystal capacitance Cp. Therefore, the ratio of the boost capacity to the total capacity is extremely small, for example, a value of about 0.01 or less.
- the output node N2 shows almost 0V immediately before the time t1. Therefore, even when a high voltage is applied to the boost line BST at time t1, the potential VN2 (L) of the output node N2 still shows about 0V. Even if the ratio of the boost capacitance to the total capacitance parasitic on the nodes N1 and N2 is about 0.1, VN2 (L) rises only about 1V, and if the threshold of the transistor T1 is about 2V, This transistor T1 is turned off.
- the threshold voltage of a transistor varies in the process, and the transistor T1 is no exception. Even if the process is designed so that the threshold voltage of each of the transistors T1 to T4 is about 2V at the time of design, the pixel in which the threshold voltage of the transistor T1 is sufficiently lower than 2V in the completed display device The possibility of including a circuit is conceivable.
- the threshold voltage of the transistor T1 is sufficiently low, even in the case L, it is assumed that a leakage current through the transistor T1 is generated between the times t1 and t2, so that the transistor T1 becomes conductive.
- the voltage applied to the reference line REF is decreased, and the transistor T2 is turned off regardless of the cases H and L. Thereby, the nodes N1 and N2 are electrically disconnected.
- the voltage applied to the reference line REF at this time corresponds to the “second control voltage”. Here, it was set to 0V.
- the voltage applied to the boost line BST is slightly reduced. Specifically, in case H, the voltage applied to boost line BST is reduced within a range that does not affect the conduction state of transistor T1.
- the applied voltage to the boost line at time t3 corresponds to the “second boost voltage”. Here, it was 7V.
- the node N2 When the voltage applied to the boost line BST is reduced at time t3, the node N2 is electrically disconnected from N1 in both cases H and L. Therefore, in both cases, the potential VN2 of the node N2 is equal to the boost line BST. Decline with potential drop.
- the threshold voltage of the transistor T1 is designed to be about 2V
- the threshold voltage of the transistor T1 is about 2V.
- the fluctuation range for reducing the voltage applied to the boost line BST at time t3 is set so that the potential VN2 of the node N2 does not deviate from the range in which the conduction state of the transistor T1 can be maintained at least in the case H.
- the voltage was lowered by 3V.
- the potential fluctuation amount of the node N2 accompanying the potential fluctuation of the boost line BST is determined by the ratio of the boost capacitance Cbst to the total capacitance parasitic on the node N2.
- the ratio is 0.7
- the potential of the node N2 is reduced by about 2V.
- the voltage applied to the reference line REF is set to 0 V at time t2
- the potential of the node N2 decreases by about 2V. That is, VN2 (H) in case H indicates approximately 10V, and VN2 (L) in case L indicates approximately ⁇ 2V. Even if the potential VN2 (H) of the node N2 in the case H is lowered to about 10V, there is no problem because the transistor T1 can still maintain the conduction state.
- the high-level voltage is applied to the selection line SEL at time t4 to make the transistor T3 conductive, and the voltage supply line A voltage in the first voltage state (5 V) is applied to VSL.
- the second switch circuit 23 is conducting when T3 is conducting, and the voltage (5V) in the first voltage state applied to the voltage supply line VSL. Is supplied to the internal node N1 through the second switch circuit 23. That is, this refreshes to the first voltage state.
- the threshold voltage of the transistor T1 is much lower than 2V at the time of design.
- it can be made sufficiently non-conductive.
- the threshold voltage varies, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the voltage (5 V) in the first voltage state applied to the voltage supply line VSL in case L is given to the internal node N1.
- the potential of the pixel electrode 20 can be held in the previous writing state.
- the refresh operation is automatically and selectively performed on the internal node N1 (H) written in the first voltage state.
- the timing at which the voltage of the first voltage state (5 V) is applied to the voltage supply line VSL is synchronized with the timing at which the transistor T3 is turned on (time t4 to t5), but the voltage is applied from time t1 to t5. 5V may be applied to the supply line VSL. Even in this case, the transistor T3 is turned on only between the times t4 and t5. Therefore, for the same reason as in FIG. 17, the internal node N1 (H) written in the first voltage state is not connected. Only the refresh operation is performed automatically and selectively.
- phase P2 In phase P2 started from time t2, the voltage applied to the gate line GL, the source line SL, the auxiliary capacitance line CSL, and the counter voltage Vcom are continuously set to the same values as in phase P1.
- a voltage is applied to the selection line SEL so that the transistor T3 is turned off. Here, it is -5V. As a result, the second switch circuit 23 becomes non-conductive.
- the voltage applied to the reference line REF is returned to the time (5 V) at time t1.
- the transistor T2 becomes conductive, and the potential VN2 (L) of the node N2 becomes equal to the potential VN1 (L) of the node N1 (returns to almost 0V).
- transistor T2 is still non-conductive.
- the voltage applied to the boost line BST is lowered to a state before time t1 when boost boosting is performed. Here, it is set to 0V. As the voltage of the boost line BST decreases, the potential of the node N1 is pushed down. Since the applied voltage at the time t4 is 7V, the applied voltage to the boost line BST is reduced by 7V at the time t5.
- VN2 (H) of the output node N2 also decreases as the voltage applied to the boost line BST decreases. From time t4 to t5, the voltage applied to the boost line BST decreases by 7V, and VN2 (H) indicates about 10V as described above at the time immediately before time t5. Therefore, at time t5, VN2 (H) is about It drops to 5V.
- the potential of the node N1 returns to the level of VN2 (H) at the time point t1. Note that since the transistor T2 is non-conductive, the potential VN1 (H) of the node N1 is not affected by the potential fluctuation of the node N2, and is maintained at 5V.
- phase P2 the same voltage state is maintained for a much longer time than in phase P1.
- a low level voltage (0 V) is applied to the source line SL.
- the internal node potential VN1 (L) of the case L changes over time in a direction approaching 0 V due to a leak current generated through the transistor T4 during this period. That is, even when the potential VN1 (L) of the internal node N1 in the case L is higher than 0V at the time immediately before the time t1, the potential changes in the direction toward 0V during the phase P2.
- the operation of gradually bringing the potential of the internal node N1 written in the second voltage state closer to 0V is performed.
- an indirect refresh operation is performed on the internal node N1 written in the second voltage state.
- each source line SL needs to be charged and discharged a maximum of n times. To do.
- the voltage application control as shown in FIG. 17 is executed for each of the boost line BST, the selection line SEL, and the reference line REF at times t1 to t5, and thereafter
- the internal node potential VN1 the potential of the pixel electrode 20
- the self-refresh operation is performed (through the phases P1 and P2), it is only necessary to continue applying the low level voltage to all the gate lines GL and the source lines SL.
- the number of times of voltage application to the gate line GL and voltage application to the source line SL can be greatly reduced as compared with the normal external refresh operation, and the control content is also improved. It can be simplified. For this reason, the power consumption of the gate driver 14 and the source driver 13 can be greatly reduced.
- the potential VN2 of the node N2 during the phase P2 (time t5 to t6) is substantially equal to VN2 at the time t1 to t2 of the phase P1.
- the threshold voltage of the transistor T1 varies and shows a remarkably low threshold voltage
- a leak current is generated through the transistor T1 for the same reason as described above at the times t1 to t2.
- the conduction state of the transistor T1 during this period is also described as “(OFF)” in parentheses, similar to the times t1 to t2.
- the second type pixel circuit 2B shown in FIG. 8 has a configuration in which the voltage supply line VSL is shared with the storage capacitor line CSL. Therefore, when compared with the first type, the high level voltage (5 V) in the first voltage state is applied to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL in the phase P1.
- FIG. 18 shows a timing chart during the self-refresh operation of the second type pixel circuit.
- the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL is fixed to either the first voltage state (5V) or the second voltage state (0V). Is done.
- the self-refresh operation can be performed when 5 V is applied to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL at the time of writing. At this time, even during the self-refresh operation, the voltage (5 V) applied to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL is fixed.
- Others are common to the case of the first type shown in FIG. In FIG. 18, “5 V (limited)” is written in the column of the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL to clearly indicate that 0 V cannot be adopted as the voltage applied to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL.
- the third type pixel circuit 2C shown in FIG. 9 has a configuration in which the voltage supply line VSL is shared with the source line SL. Therefore, when compared with the first type, the high level voltage (5 V) in the first voltage state is supplied to the source line SL from time t4 to time t5.
- FIG. 19 shows a timing chart during the self-refresh operation of the third type pixel circuit.
- 5 V is supplied to the source line SL only from time t4 to t5, but 5 V may be applied from t1 to t5.
- the fourth type pixel circuit 2D shown in FIG. 10 is common to the first type pixel circuit 2A in that the voltage supply line VSL is formed of an independent signal line. That is, during the time period H4 to t5 of the phase P1, in case H, the refresh operation is executed by applying 5 V to the internal node N1 from the voltage supply line VSL via the second switch circuit 23. On the other hand, in the case L, between the times t4 and t5, the transistor T1 is made non-conductive to make the second switch circuit 23 non-conductive so that 5V is not supplied from the reference line REF to the internal node N1. .
- the transistor T3 also constitutes one element of the first switch circuit 22.
- the transistor T4 since the transistor T4 is kept non-conductive in the phase P1, the first switch circuit 22 can be made non-conductive. Therefore, even if the transistor T3 is turned on during this period, the source line SL is applied to the internal node N1. No voltage is given. The same applies to the modification of the fourth type pixel circuit shown in FIGS.
- the fourth type pixel circuit 2D can execute the self-refresh operation by the same voltage application method as the first type pixel circuit 2A shown in the timing diagram of FIG.
- a fifth type pixel circuit 2E shown in FIG. 13 is common to the second type pixel circuit 2B in that the auxiliary capacitance line CSL also serves as the voltage supply line VSL.
- the difference between the second type and the sixth type pixel circuit is the same as the difference between the first type and the fourth type pixel circuit.
- the fifth type pixel circuit 2E can execute the self-refresh operation by the same voltage application method as the second type pixel circuit 2B shown in the timing chart of FIG. Is possible.
- a sixth type pixel circuit 2F shown in FIG. 14 is common to the third type pixel circuit 2C in that the source line SL also serves as the voltage supply line VSL.
- the difference between the third type and the sixth type pixel circuit is the same as the difference between the first type and the fourth type pixel circuit.
- the sixth type pixel circuit 2E can execute the self-refresh operation by the same voltage application method as the third type pixel circuit 2C shown in the timing chart of FIG. Is possible.
- the pixel data for one frame is divided into display lines in the horizontal direction (row direction), and each pixel data for one display line is divided into the source line SL in each column for each horizontal period.
- a binary voltage corresponding to 1 is applied, that is, a high level voltage (5 V) or a low level voltage (0 V).
- the selected row voltage 8V is applied to the gate line GL of the selected display line (selected row), and the first switch circuits 22 of all the pixel circuits 2 in the selected row are turned on, and the source of each column
- the voltage of the line SL is transferred to the internal node N1 of each pixel circuit 2 in the selected row.
- a non-selected row voltage of ⁇ 5 V is applied to the gate lines GL other than the selected display line (non-selected row) in order to turn off the first switch circuits 22 of all the pixel circuits 2 in the selected row.
- the display control circuit 11 controls the voltage application timing of each signal line in the write operation described below. The individual voltage application is performed by the display control circuit 11, the counter electrode drive circuit 12, the source driver 13, and the gate. This is done by the driver 14.
- FIG. 20 shows a timing chart of a write operation using the first type pixel circuit 2A (FIG. 8).
- a waveform and a voltage waveform of the counter voltage Vcom are illustrated. Further, in FIG. 20, a fluctuation waveform of the potential VN1 of the internal node N1 of the two pixel circuits 2A is also displayed.
- One of the two pixel circuits 2A is a pixel circuit 2A (a) selected by the gate line GL1 and the source line SL1, and the other is a pixel circuit 2A (b) selected by the gate line GL1 and the source line SL2. They are distinguished from each other by adding (a) and (b) behind VN1 in the figure.
- FIG. 20 illustrates voltage changes of the two gate lines GL1 and GL2 in the first two horizontal periods.
- the selected row voltage 8V is applied to the gate line GL1
- the unselected row voltage -5V is applied to the gate line GL2.
- the selected row voltage 8V is applied to the gate line GL1.
- a non-selected row voltage of -5V is applied, and in the subsequent horizontal period, a non-selected row voltage of -5V is applied to both gate lines GL1, GL2.
- the voltage (5V, 0V) corresponding to the pixel data of the display line corresponding to each horizontal period is applied to the source line SL of each column.
- two source lines SL1 and SL2 are shown on behalf of each source line SL.
- the voltages of the two source lines SL1 and SL2 in the first one horizontal period are set separately to 5V and 0V.
- the first switch circuit 22 is composed only of the transistor T4. Therefore, the on / off control of only the transistor T4 is sufficient for controlling the conduction / non-conduction of the first switch circuit 22.
- the second switch circuit 23 does not need to be in a conductive state in the writing operation, and in order to prevent the second switch circuit 23 from being in a conductive state in the pixel circuit 2A in the non-selected row, the second switch circuit 23 is in a one-frame period.
- a non-selection voltage of ⁇ 5 V (or 0 V may be applied) is applied to the selection line SEL connected to all the pixel circuits 2A. Note that the same voltage as the selection line SEL is applied to the boost line BST.
- the second switch circuit 23 since the second switch circuit 23 is non-conductive, it is not necessary to apply a voltage to the voltage supply line VSL, and is 0 V here.
- the reference line REF is higher than the high level voltage (5 V) by a threshold voltage (about 2 V) or more in order to keep the transistor T2 in an on state regardless of the voltage state of the internal node N1 during one frame period.
- Apply 8V As a result, the output node N2 and the internal node N1 are electrically connected, and the auxiliary capacitive element Cs connected to the internal node N1 can be used to hold the potential VN1 of the internal node, which contributes to stabilization.
- the auxiliary capacitance line CSL is fixed to a predetermined fixed voltage (for example, 0 V).
- the counter voltage Vcom is subjected to the above-described counter AC drive, but is fixed to 0 V or 5 V during one frame period. In FIG. 20, the counter voltage Vcom is fixed at 0V.
- the second type pixel circuit 2B in which one end of the second switch circuit 23 is connected to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL and the third type pixel circuit 2C connected to the source line SL are the same as in the first type timing diagram.
- the write operation can be performed by applying the voltage.
- the voltage supply line VSL does not exist as an independent signal line, so the actual timing diagram corresponds to the timing diagram in FIG.
- FIG. 21 shows a timing diagram of a write operation using the fourth type pixel circuit 2D.
- the items illustrated in FIG. 20 are the same except that two selection lines SEL1 and SEL2 are illustrated.
- the voltage application timing and voltage amplitude of the gate lines GL (GL1, GL2) and the source lines SL (SL1, SL2) are exactly the same as those in FIG.
- the first switch circuit 22 is composed of a series circuit of the transistor T4 and the transistor T3. Therefore, when controlling the conduction / non-conduction of the first switch circuit 22, in addition to the on / off control of the transistor T4. Therefore, on / off control of the transistor T3 is required. Therefore, in this type, it is necessary not to control all the selection lines SEL at once, but to control them individually for each row, like the gate lines GL. That is, one selection line SEL is provided for each row, the same number as the gate lines GL1 to GLn, and the selection lines SEL are sequentially selected in the same manner as the gate lines GL1 to GLn.
- FIG. 21 illustrates voltage changes of the two selection lines SEL1 and SEL2 in the first two horizontal periods.
- the selection voltage 8V is applied to the selection line SEL1
- the non-selection voltage -5V is applied to the selection line SEL2.
- the selection voltage 8V is applied to the selection line SEL1.
- the non-selection voltage -5V is applied, and in the horizontal period thereafter, the non-selection voltage -5V is applied to both the selection lines SEL1 and SEL2.
- the voltage applied to the voltage supply line VSL, the reference line REF, the auxiliary capacitance line CSL, the boost line BST, and the counter voltage Vcom are the same as in the first type shown in FIG.
- the transistor T4 is completely turned off, so that the non-selection voltage of the selection line SEL for turning off the transistor T3 is , It may be 0V instead of -5V.
- the transistor T3 is turned on at the time of writing.
- 8V is applied to the reference line REF
- the transistor T1 is disconnected from the reference line REF even when the internal node N1 is in the first voltage state.
- the selection lines SEL need not be controlled in a lump, but individually controlled in units of rows as with the gate lines GL. There is. That is, one selection line SEL is provided for each row, the same number as the gate lines GL1 to GLn, and is selected in the same manner as the gate lines GL1 to GLn.
- the writing operation can be performed by the same voltage application method as that of the fourth type pixel circuit 2D shown in FIG. 19 except that the description about the voltage supply line VSL is unnecessary.
- (6th type) In the sixth type pixel circuit 2F shown in FIG. 14 as well, in the same way as in the fourth type, it is necessary to control the selection lines SEL individually in units of rows as in the case of the gate lines GL, instead of collectively controlling the selection lines SEL. There is. That is, one selection line SEL is provided for each row, the same number as the gate lines GL1 to GLn, and is selected in the same manner as the gate lines GL1 to GLn.
- the writing operation can be performed by the same voltage application method as that of the fourth type pixel circuit 2D shown in FIG. 19 except that the description regarding the voltage supply line VSL is unnecessary.
- the display content obtained by the writing operation performed immediately before is maintained without performing the writing operation for a certain period.
- a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 20 in each pixel through the source line SL by the writing operation. After that, the gate line GL becomes low level, and the transistor T4 is turned off. However, the potential of the pixel electrode 20 is held by the presence of charges accumulated in the pixel electrode 20 by the immediately preceding write operation. That is, the voltage Vlc is maintained between the pixel electrode 20 and the counter electrode 80. Thereby, even after the writing operation is completed, a state in which a voltage necessary for displaying image data is applied to both ends of the liquid crystal capacitor Clc is continued.
- the liquid crystal voltage Vlc depends on the potential of the pixel electrode 20. This potential fluctuates with time as the leakage current of the transistor in the pixel circuit 2 is generated. For example, when the potential of the source line SL is lower than the potential of the internal node N1, a leakage current from the internal node N1 toward the source line SL is generated, and the internal node potential VN1 decreases with time. On the contrary, when the potential of the source line SL is higher than the potential of the internal node N1, a leakage current from the source line SL toward the internal node N1 is generated, and the potential of the pixel electrode 20 increases with time. That is, when time passes without performing an external writing operation, the liquid crystal voltage Vlc gradually changes, and as a result, the display image also changes.
- the writing operation is executed for all the pixel circuits 2 every frame even for a still image. Therefore, the amount of charge accumulated in the pixel electrode 20 only needs to be maintained for one frame period. Since the amount of potential fluctuation of the pixel electrode 20 within one frame period is very small, the potential fluctuation during this period does not affect the displayed image data to a degree that can be visually confirmed. For this reason, in the normal display mode, the potential fluctuation of the pixel electrode 20 is not a serious problem.
- the writing operation is not executed every frame. Therefore, it is necessary to hold the potential of the pixel electrode 20 for several frames while the potential of the counter electrode 80 is fixed. However, if the writing operation is not performed for several frame periods, the potential of the pixel electrode 20 varies intermittently due to the occurrence of the leakage current described above. As a result, the displayed image data may change to such an extent that it can be visually confirmed.
- the self-refresh operation and the write operation are executed in combination as shown in the flowchart of FIG. To reduce power consumption.
- step # 1 the writing operation of pixel data for one frame in the constant display mode is executed as described above in the fifth embodiment.
- Step # 2 the self-refresh operation is executed in the manner described above in the second embodiment (Step # 2).
- the self-refresh operation is realized by a phase P1 for applying a pulse voltage and a standby phase P2.
- step # 3 If a request for a new pixel data write operation (data rewrite), external refresh operation, or external polarity inversion operation is received during phase P2 of the self-refresh operation period (YES in step # 3), step Returning to # 1, the writing operation of new pixel data or previous pixel data is executed. If the request is not received during the phase P2 (NO in step # 3), the process returns to step # 2 and the self-refresh operation is executed again. Thereby, the change of the display image by the influence of leak current can be suppressed.
- the reason why the self-refresh operation and the external refresh operation or the external polarity inversion operation are used in combination is that even if the pixel circuit 2 was normally operating at first, the second switch circuit 23 is changed due to aging.
- a problem occurs in the control circuit 24, and the writing operation can be performed without any problem, but a case where a state where the self-refresh operation cannot be normally performed occurs in some of the pixel circuits 2. That is, depending on only the self-refresh operation, the display of some of the pixel circuits 2 deteriorates and is fixed, but the external polarity inversion operation is used together to prevent the display defect from being fixed. be able to.
- pixel data for one frame is divided into display lines in the horizontal direction (row direction), and each pixel data for one display line is divided into the source line SL in each column for each horizontal period.
- the gate line GL of the selected display line (selected row) are applied to the gate line GL of the selected display line (selected row), and the first switch of all the pixel circuits 2 in the selected row is applied.
- the circuit 22 is turned on and the voltage of the source line SL in each column is transferred to the internal node N1 of each pixel circuit 2 in the selected row.
- a non-selected row voltage of ⁇ 5 V is applied to the gate lines GL other than the selected display line (non-selected row) in order to turn off the first switch circuits 22 of all the pixel circuits 2 in the selected row. .
- the display control circuit 11 controls the voltage application timing of each signal line in the write operation described below.
- the voltage application is performed by the display control circuit 11, the counter electrode drive circuit 12, the source driver 13, and the gate driver 14. Is done by.
- FIG. 23 shows a timing diagram of a write operation using the first type pixel circuit 2A.
- the voltage waveform and the voltage waveform of the counter voltage Vcom are illustrated.
- FIG. 23 illustrates voltage changes of the two gate lines GL1 and GL2 in the first two horizontal periods.
- the selected row voltage 8V is applied to the gate line GL1
- the non-selected row voltage -5V is applied to the gate line GL2.
- the selected row voltage 8V is applied to the gate line GL2, and the gate line GL1.
- a non-selected row voltage of -5V is applied to each of the gate lines, and a non-selected row voltage of -5V is applied to both gate lines GL1 and GL2 in the horizontal period thereafter.
- a multi-gradation analog voltage corresponding to the pixel data of the display line corresponding to each horizontal period is applied to the source line SL of each column. Note that in the normal display mode, a multi-gradation analog voltage corresponding to the pixel data of the analog display line is applied, and the applied voltage is not uniquely specified. In FIG. 23, this is expressed by being shaded. . In FIG. 23, two source lines SL1, SL2 are shown as representatives of the source lines SL1, SL2,... SLm.
- the analog voltage Since the counter voltage Vcom changes every horizontal period (opposite AC drive), the analog voltage has a voltage value corresponding to the counter voltage Vcom during the same horizontal period. That is, the analog voltage applied to the source line SL is set so that the absolute value of the liquid crystal voltage Vlc given by Equation 2 does not change and only the polarity changes depending on whether the counter voltage Vcom is 5 V or 0 V.
- the first switch circuit 22 is composed of only the transistor T4. Therefore, the on / off control of only the transistor T4 is sufficient for controlling the conduction / non-conduction of the first switch circuit 22. .
- the second switch circuit 23 does not need to be in a conductive state in the writing operation, and in order to prevent the second switch circuit 23 from being in a conductive state in the pixel circuit 2A in the non-selected row, the second switch circuit 23 is in a one-frame period.
- a non-selection voltage of ⁇ 5 V is applied to the selection line SEL connected to all the pixel circuits 2A. This non-selection voltage is not limited to a negative voltage, and may be 0V.
- the reference line REF is applied with a voltage that always turns on the transistor T2 regardless of the voltage state of the internal node N1 during one frame period.
- This voltage value may be a voltage that is higher than the maximum value among the voltage values given from the source line SL as a multi-gradation analog voltage by at least the threshold voltage of the transistor T2.
- the maximum value is 5V
- the threshold voltage is 2V
- 8V larger than the sum of them is applied.
- 0 V is applied to the voltage supply line VSL as in FIG.
- the storage capacitor line CSL is driven to have the same voltage as the counter voltage Vcom.
- the pixel electrode 20 is capacitively coupled to the counter electrode 80 via the liquid crystal layer, and is also capacitively coupled to the auxiliary capacitance line CSL via the auxiliary capacitance element Cs. For this reason, when the voltage on the auxiliary capacitance line CSL side of the auxiliary capacitance element C2 is fixed, the change in the counter voltage Vcom is distributed between the auxiliary capacitance line CSL and the auxiliary capacitance element C2 and appears on the pixel electrode 20, and the non-selected row The liquid crystal voltage Vlc of the pixel circuit 2 varies.
- the writing operation is realized in the second to third type pixel circuits by the same voltage application method as the first type. it can.
- the selection line SEL may be controlled individually for each row, as in the writing operation in the constant display mode, and the rest is performed by the same voltage application method as the first type. Write operation can be realized.
- a predetermined fixed voltage is applied to the counter electrode 80 as the counter voltage Vcom in addition to the above-described “counter AC drive”.
- the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 20 alternates every horizontal period when it becomes a positive voltage and a negative voltage with reference to the counter voltage Vcom.
- the counter voltage Vcom is written by a method of directly writing the pixel voltage through the source line SL and a voltage in a voltage range centered on the counter voltage Vcom, and then by capacitive coupling using the auxiliary capacitance element Cs.
- the auxiliary capacitance line CSL is not driven to the same voltage as the counter voltage Vcom but is individually pulse-driven in units of rows.
- the method of inverting the polarity of each display line every horizontal period in the writing operation in the normal display mode is adopted. This occurs when the polarity is inverted in units of one frame. This is to eliminate the inconvenience shown.
- a method for solving such inconvenience there are a method of polarity inversion driving for each column and a method of polarity inversion driving for each pixel at the same time in the row and column directions.
- the normal display mode is a mode for displaying such high-quality still images and moving images, there is a possibility that the above-described minute changes may be visually recognized.
- the polarity is inverted for each display line in the same frame.
- a low level voltage may be applied to the reference line REF during the writing operation in the normal display mode and the constant display mode, and the transistor T2 may be turned off.
- the internal node N1 and the output node N2 are electrically separated, so that the potential of the pixel electrode 20 is not affected by the voltage of the output node N2 before the writing operation.
- the potential VN1 of the internal node N1 correctly reflects the voltage applied to the source line SL, and image data can be displayed without error.
- the total parasitic capacitance of the node N1 is much larger than that of the node N2, and the initial potential of the node N2 hardly affects VN1, so that the transistor T2 is always on. It is also preferable to keep it.
- the second switch circuit 23 and the control circuit 24 are provided for all the pixel circuits 2 configured on the active matrix substrate 10.
- the active matrix substrate 10 is configured to include two types of pixel portions, that is, a transmissive pixel portion that performs transmissive liquid crystal display and a reflective pixel portion that performs reflective liquid crystal display, only the pixel circuit of the reflective pixel portion is provided.
- the second switch circuit 23 and the control circuit 24 may be provided, and the pixel circuit of the transmissive display unit may not include the second switch circuit 23 and the control circuit 24.
- each pixel circuit 2 is configured to include the auxiliary capacitance element Cs, but may be configured not to include the auxiliary capacitance element Cs. However, in order to further stabilize the potential of the internal node N1 and to reliably stabilize the display image, it is preferable to include this auxiliary capacitance element Cs.
- each pixel circuit 2 includes only the unit liquid crystal display element Clc.
- the internal node N1 and the pixel electrode 20 An analog amplifier Amp (voltage amplifier) may be provided between them.
- the auxiliary capacitor line CSL and the power supply line Vcc are input as power supply lines for the analog amplifier Amp.
- the voltage applied to the internal node N1 is amplified by the amplification factor ⁇ set by the analog amplifier Amp, and the amplified voltage is supplied to the pixel electrode 20. Therefore, the configuration can reflect a minute voltage change of the internal node N1 in the display image.
- the transistors T1 to T4 in the pixel circuit 2 are assumed to be N-channel type polycrystalline silicon TFTs, but a configuration using P-channel type TFTs or amorphous silicon TFTs are used. It is also possible to adopt the configuration described above. Even in a display device using a P-channel type TFT, a normal display mode in which the applied voltage in case A and case B is reversed, in which the power supply voltage and the voltage value indicated as the operating condition described above are reversed. In the write operation in FIG. 5, the first voltage state (5V) and the second voltage state (0V) are replaced with the first voltage state (0V) and the second voltage state (5V), etc. Similarly, the pixel circuit 2 can be operated, and the same effect can be obtained.
- the voltage value applied to each signal line is also Accordingly, -5V, 0V, 5V, 7V, 8V, and 10V are set, but these voltage values can be appropriately changed according to the characteristics (threshold voltage, etc.) of the liquid crystal element and the transistor element to be used. .
- the liquid crystal display device has been described as an example.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and has a capacity corresponding to the pixel capacity Cp for holding pixel data.
- the present invention can be applied to any display device that displays an image based on the voltage held in the capacitor.
- FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a pixel circuit of such an organic EL display device.
- a voltage held in the auxiliary capacitor Cs as pixel data is applied to the gate terminal of the driving transistor Tdv constituted by the TFT, and a current corresponding to the voltage is supplied to the light emitting element via the driving transistor Tdv.
- the auxiliary capacitor Cs corresponds to the pixel capacitor Cp in the above embodiments.
- Liquid crystal display device 2 Pixel circuit 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F: Pixel circuit 10: Active matrix substrate 11: Display control circuit 12: Counter electrode drive circuit 13: Source driver 14: Gate driver 20: Pixel Electrode 21: Display element 22: First switch circuit 23: Second switch circuit 24: Control circuit 31: Delay circuit 74: Sealing material 75: Liquid crystal layer 80: Counter electrode 81: Counter substrate Amp: Analog amplifier BST: Boost line Cbst: Boost capacitor element Clc: Liquid crystal display element CML: Counter electrode wiring CSL: Auxiliary capacitor line Cs: Auxiliary capacitor element Ct: Timing signal DA: Digital image signal Dv: Data signal GL (GL1, GL2,..., GLn): Gate line Gtc: Scan side timing Control signal N1: internal node N2: output node OLED: light emitting element P1, P2: phase P10, P11,..., P18: phase P20, P21,..., P27: phase REF
- Scm Source signal SEL: Selection line SL (SL1, SL2,..., SLm): Source line Stc: Data side timing control signal T1, T2, T3, T4, T5: Transistor TD: Delay transistor Tdv: For driving Transistor Vcom: Counter voltage Vlc: Liquid crystal voltage VN1: Internal node potential VN2: Output node potential
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Abstract
Description
P∝f・C・V2・n・m
画素回路を複数配置してなる画素回路群を有する表示装置であって、
前記画素回路は、
単位表示素子を含む表示素子部と、
前記表示素子部の一部を構成し、前記表示素子部に印加される画素データの電圧を保持する内部ノードと、
少なくとも所定のスイッチ素子を経由して、データ信号線から供給される前記画素データの電圧を前記内部ノードに転送する第1スイッチ回路と、
所定の電圧供給線に供給される電圧を、前記所定のスイッチ素子を経由せずに前記内部ノードに転送する第2スイッチ回路と、
前記内部ノードが保持する前記画素データの電圧に応じた所定の電圧を第1容量素子の一端に保持すると共に、前記第2スイッチ回路の導通非導通を制御する制御回路と、を備えてなり、
第1端子、第2端子、並びに、前記第1及び第2端子間の導通を制御する制御端子を有する第1~第3トランジスタ素子のうち、前記第1及び第3トランジスタ素子を前記第2スイッチ回路が、前記第2トランジスタ素子を前記制御回路がそれぞれ有し、
前記第2スイッチ回路は、前記第1トランジスタ素子と前記第3トランジスタ素子の直列回路で構成され、
前記制御回路は、前記第2トランジスタ素子と前記第1容量素子の直列回路で構成され、
前記第1スイッチ回路の一端が前記データ信号線に接続し、
前記第2スイッチ回路の一端が前記電圧供給線に接続し、
前記第1及び第2スイッチ回路の各他端、及び前記第2トランジスタ素子の第1端子が前記内部ノードに接続し、
前記第1トランジスタ素子の制御端子、前記第2トランジスタ素子の第2端子、及び前記第1容量素子の一端が相互に接続して前記制御回路の出力ノードを形成し、
前記第2トランジスタ素子の制御端子が第1制御線に接続し、
前記第3トランジスタ素子の制御端子が第2制御線に接続し、
前記第1容量素子の他端が前記第3制御線に接続し、
前記所定のスイッチ素子は、第1端子、第2端子、並びに前記第1及び第2端子間の導通を制御する制御端子を有する第4トランジスタ素子であって、前記制御端子が走査信号線に接続する構成であり、
前記データ信号線を各別に駆動するデータ信号線駆動回路、前記第1及び第2制御線を各別に駆動する制御線駆動回路、並びに前記走査信号線を駆動する走査信号線駆動回路を備え、
複数の前記画素回路に対して、前記第2スイッチ回路と前記制御回路を作動させて前記内部ノードの電圧変動を同時に補償するセルフリフレッシュ動作時に、
前記走査信号線駆動回路が、前記画素回路群に含まれる全部の前記画素回路に接続する前記走査信号線に所定の電圧を印加して前記第4トランジスタ素子を非導通状態とし、
前記制御線駆動回路が、
前記第2制御線に対して前記第3トランジスタ素子を非導通状態とする所定の電圧を印加すると共に、前記第1制御線に対して、前記内部ノードが保持する2値の画素データの電圧状態が第1電圧状態の場合には前記第2トランジスタ素子によって前記第1容量素子の一端から前記内部ノードに向けての電流が遮断され、第2電圧状態の場合には前記第2トランジスタ素子を導通状態とする第1制御電圧を印加し、
その後に、前記第3制御線に対して第1ブースト電圧を印加することにより、前記第1容量素子の一端に前記第1容量素子を介した容量結合による電圧変化を与えることで、前記内部ノードの電圧が前記第1電圧状態の場合には前記電圧変化が抑制されずに前記第1トランジスタ素子を導通状態とし、
その後に、前記第1制御線に対する印加電圧を第2制御電圧に変更することにより、前記内部ノードの電圧状態が前記第1電圧状態か前記第2電圧状態に関係なく前記第2トランジスタ素子によって前記第1容量素子の一端から前記内部ノードに向けての電流が遮断し、
その後に、前記第3制御線に対する印加電圧を前記第1ブースト電圧よりも接地電圧に近い第2ブースト電圧に変更して、前記第1容量素子の一端に前記第1容量素子を介した容量結合による電圧変化を与えて前記出力ノードの電位を接地電位の方向にシフトさせることで、前記内部ノードの電圧が前記第1電圧状態の場合には引き続き前記第1トランジスタ素子を導通状態とする一方、前記第2電圧状態の場合には前記第1トランジスタ素子を非導通状態とし、
その後に、前記第2制御線に対する印加電圧を変更して前記第3トランジスタ素子を導通状態とし、前記セルフリフレッシュ動作の対象である複数の前記画素回路に接続する全部の前記電圧供給線に前記第1電圧状態の前記画素データの電圧を供給することを特徴とする。
第1実施形態では、本発明の表示装置(以下、単に「表示装置」という)、並びにこれに含まれる画素回路の構成について説明する。
図1に、表示装置1の概略構成を示す。表示装置1は、アクティブマトリクス基板10、対向電極80、表示制御回路11、対向電極駆動回路12、ソースドライバ13、ゲートドライバ14、及び後述する種々の信号線を備える。アクティブマトリクス基板10上には、画素回路2が、行及び列方向にそれぞれ複数配置され、画素回路アレイが形成されている。
次に、画素回路2の構成について図4~図16の各図を参照して説明する。
まず、第1スイッチ回路22がトランジスタT4だけで構成されている画素回路の各類型について説明する。
次に、第1スイッチ回路22がトランジスタT4と他のトランジスタ素子の直列回路で構成されている画素回路の各類型について説明する。
第2実施形態では、第1~第6類型の画素回路によるセルフリフレッシュ動作につき、図面を参照して説明する。
図17に、第1類型の画素回路2Aにおけるセルフリフレッシュ動作のタイミング図を示す。図17に示すように、セルフリフレッシュ動作は、ブースト線BSTに対して電圧が印加されているか否かによって、2つのフェーズP1,P2に分解される。
時刻t1より開始されるフェーズP1では、ゲート線GL1にトランジスタT4が完全にオフ状態となるような電圧を印加する。ここでは-5Vとする。
時刻t2より開始されるフェーズP2では、ゲート線GL、ソース線SL、補助容量線CSLに印加する電圧、並びに対向電圧Vcomを、フェーズP1と引き続き同じ値とする。
図8に示す第2類型の画素回路2Bは、電圧供給線VSLが補助容量線CSLと共通化した構成である。このため、第1類型と比較した場合、フェーズP1において補助容量線CSLに第1電圧状態の高レベル電圧(5V)を印加する点が異なる。第2類型の画素回路のセルフリフレッシュ動作時のタイミング図を図18に示す。
図9に示す第3類型の画素回路2Cは、電圧供給線VSLがソース線SLと共通化した構成である。このため、第1類型と比較した場合、時刻t4~t5にわたってソース線SLに第1電圧状態の高レベル電圧(5V)を供給する点が異なる。第3類型の画素回路のセルフリフレッシュ動作時のタイミング図を図19に示す。
図10に示す第4類型の画素回路2Dは、電圧供給線VSLが独立した信号線で構成されている点において、第1類型の画素回路2Aと共通する。すなわち、フェーズP1の時刻t4~t5の間において、ケースHの場合に第2スイッチ回路23を介して電圧供給線VSLら内部ノードN1に5Vを与えてリフレッシュ動作を実行する。一方、ケースLの場合は、時刻t4~t5の間において、トランジスタT1を非導通とすることで第2スイッチ回路23を非導通とし、リファレンス線REFから内部ノードN1に5Vが供給されないようにする。
図13に示す第5類型の画素回路2Eは、補助容量線CSLが電圧供給線VSLを兼ねている点において、第2類型の画素回路2Bと共通する。そして、第2類型と第6類型の画素回路の相違点は、第1類型と第4類型の画素回路の相違点と同じである。
図14に示す第6類型の画素回路2Fは、ソース線SLが電圧供給線VSLを兼ねている点において、第3類型の画素回路2Cと共通する。そして、第3類型と第6類型の画素回路の相違点は、第1類型と第4類型の画素回路の相違点と同じである。
第3実施形態では、常時表示モードにおける書き込み動作につき、各類型毎に図面を参照して説明する。
図20に、第1類型の画素回路2A(図8)を使用した書き込み動作のタイミング図を示す。図20では、1フレーム期間における2本のゲート線GL1,GL2、2本のソース線SL1,SL2、電圧供給線VSL、選択線SEL、リファレンス線REF、補助容量線CSL、ブースト線BSTの各電圧波形と、対向電圧Vcomの電圧波形を図示している。更に、図20では、2つの画素回路2Aの内部ノードN1の電位VN1の変動波形を併せて表示している。2つの画素回路2Aの一方は、ゲート線GL1とソース線SL1で選択される画素回路2A(a)で、他方は、ゲート線GL1とソース線SL2で選択される画素回路2A(b)で、図中のVN1の後ろに、それぞれ(a)と(b)を付して区別している。
図20に示した、第1類型の画素回路2Aにおける書き込み動作のタイミング図を見れば、1フレーム期間にわたって選択線SELには常に低レベル電圧が印加されている。つまり、第2スイッチ回路23は常に非導通である。
図10に示す第4類型の画素回路2Dは、第1スイッチ回路22がトランジスタT4とトランジスタT3の直列回路で構成されるため、書き込み時には、トランジスタT4のみならずT3をも導通させる必要がある。この点で、第1類型の画素回路2Aとは異なるシーケンスとなる。
図13に示す第5類型の画素回路2Eにおいても、第4類型の場合と同様、選択線SELを一括して制御するのではなく、ゲート線GLと同様に、行単位に個別に制御する必要がある。つまり、選択線SELは行毎に1本ずつ、ゲート線GL1~GLnと同数設けられ、ゲート線GL1~GLnと同様に順番に選択される。
図14に示す第6類型の画素回路2Fにおいても、第4類型の場合と同様、選択線SELを一括して制御するのではなく、ゲート線GLと同様に、行単位に個別に制御する必要がある。つまり、選択線SELは行毎に1本ずつ、ゲート線GL1~GLnと同数設けられ、ゲート線GL1~GLnと同様に順番に選択される。
第4実施形態では、常時表示モードにおけるセルフリフレッシュ動作と書き込み動作の関係について説明する。
第5実施形態では、通常表示モードにおける書き込み動作につき、各類型毎に図面を参照して説明する。
以下、別実施形態につき説明する。
2: 画素回路
2A,2B,2C,2D,2E,2F: 画素回路
10: アクティブマトリクス基板
11: 表示制御回路
12: 対向電極駆動回路
13: ソースドライバ
14: ゲートドライバ
20: 画素電極
21: 表示素子部
22: 第1スイッチ回路
23: 第2スイッチ回路
24: 制御回路
31: 遅延回路
74: シール材
75: 液晶層
80: 対向電極
81: 対向基板
Amp: アナログアンプ
BST: ブースト線
Cbst: ブースト容量素子
Clc: 液晶表示素子
CML: 対向電極配線
CSL: 補助容量線
Cs: 補助容量素子
Ct: タイミング信号
DA: ディジタル画像信号
Dv: データ信号
GL(GL1,GL2,……,GLn): ゲート線
Gtc: 走査側タイミング制御信号
N1: 内部ノード
N2: 出力ノード
OLED: 発光素子
P1,P2: フェーズ
P10,P11,……,P18: フェーズ
P20,P21,……,P27: フェーズ
REF: リファレンス線
Sc1,Sc2,……,Scm: ソース信号
SEL: 選択線
SL(SL1,SL2,……,SLm): ソース線
Stc: データ側タイミング制御信号
T1,T2,T3,T4,T5: トランジスタ
TD: 遅延用トランジスタ
Tdv: 駆動用トランジスタ
Vcom: 対向電圧
Vlc: 液晶電圧
VN1: 内部ノード電位
VN2: 出力ノード電位
Claims (6)
- 画素回路を複数配置してなる画素回路群を有する表示装置であって、
前記画素回路は、
単位表示素子を含む表示素子部と、
前記表示素子部の一部を構成し、前記表示素子部に印加される画素データの電圧を保持する内部ノードと、
少なくとも所定のスイッチ素子を経由して、データ信号線から供給される前記画素データの電圧を前記内部ノードに転送する第1スイッチ回路と、
所定の電圧供給線に供給される電圧を、前記所定のスイッチ素子を経由せずに前記内部ノードに転送する第2スイッチ回路と、
前記内部ノードが保持する前記画素データの電圧に応じた所定の電圧を第1容量素子の一端に保持すると共に、前記第2スイッチ回路の導通非導通を制御する制御回路と、を備えてなり、
第1端子、第2端子、並びに、前記第1及び第2端子間の導通を制御する制御端子を有する第1~第3トランジスタ素子のうち、前記第1及び第3トランジスタ素子を前記第2スイッチ回路が、前記第2トランジスタ素子を前記制御回路がそれぞれ有し、
前記第2スイッチ回路は、前記第1トランジスタ素子と前記第3トランジスタ素子の直列回路で構成され、
前記制御回路は、前記第2トランジスタ素子と前記第1容量素子の直列回路で構成され、
前記第1スイッチ回路の一端が前記データ信号線に接続し、
前記第2スイッチ回路の一端が前記電圧供給線に接続し、
前記第1及び第2スイッチ回路の各他端、及び前記第2トランジスタ素子の第1端子が前記内部ノードに接続し、
前記第1トランジスタ素子の制御端子、前記第2トランジスタ素子の第2端子、及び前記第1容量素子の一端が相互に接続して前記制御回路の出力ノードを形成し、
前記第2トランジスタ素子の制御端子が第1制御線に接続し、
前記第3トランジスタ素子の制御端子が第2制御線に接続し、
前記第1容量素子の他端が前記第3制御線に接続し、
前記所定のスイッチ素子は、第1端子、第2端子、並びに前記第1及び第2端子間の導通を制御する制御端子を有する第4トランジスタ素子であって、前記制御端子が走査信号線に接続する構成であり、
前記データ信号線を各別に駆動するデータ信号線駆動回路、前記第1及び第2制御線を各別に駆動する制御線駆動回路、並びに前記走査信号線を駆動する走査信号線駆動回路を備え、
複数の前記画素回路に対して、前記第2スイッチ回路と前記制御回路を作動させて前記内部ノードの電圧変動を同時に補償するセルフリフレッシュ動作時に、
前記走査信号線駆動回路が、前記画素回路群に含まれる全部の前記画素回路に接続する前記走査信号線に所定の電圧を印加して前記第4トランジスタ素子を非導通状態とし、
前記制御線駆動回路が、
前記第2制御線に対して前記第3トランジスタ素子を非導通状態とする所定の電圧を印加すると共に、前記第1制御線に対して、前記内部ノードが保持する2値の画素データの電圧状態が第1電圧状態の場合には前記第2トランジスタ素子によって前記第1容量素子の一端から前記内部ノードに向けての電流が遮断され、第2電圧状態の場合には前記第2トランジスタ素子を導通状態とする第1制御電圧を印加し、
その後に、前記第3制御線に対して第1ブースト電圧を印加することにより、前記第1容量素子の一端に前記第1容量素子を介した容量結合による電圧変化を与えることで、前記内部ノードの電圧が前記第1電圧状態の場合には前記電圧変化が抑制されずに前記第1トランジスタ素子を導通状態とし、
その後に、前記第1制御線に対する印加電圧を第2制御電圧に変更することにより、前記内部ノードの電圧状態が前記第1電圧状態か前記第2電圧状態に関係なく前記第2トランジスタ素子によって前記第1容量素子の一端から前記内部ノードに向けての電流を遮断し、
その後に、前記第3制御線に対する印加電圧を前記第1ブースト電圧よりも接地電圧に近い第2ブースト電圧に変更して、前記第1容量素子の一端に前記第1容量素子を介した容量結合による電圧変化を与えて前記出力ノードの電位を接地電位の方向にシフトさせることで、前記内部ノードの電圧が前記第1電圧状態の場合には引き続き前記第1トランジスタ素子を導通状態とする一方、前記第2電圧状態の場合には前記第1トランジスタ素子を非導通状態とし、
その後に、前記第2制御線に対する印加電圧を変更して前記第3トランジスタ素子を導通状態とし、前記セルフリフレッシュ動作の対象である複数の前記画素回路に接続する全部の前記電圧供給線に前記第1電圧状態の前記画素データの電圧を供給することを特徴とする表示装置。 - 前記データ信号線が前記電圧供給線として兼用される構成であり、
前記制御線駆動回路が、前記第2制御線に対する印加電圧を変更して前記第3トランジスタ素子を導通状態とした後、前記制御線駆動回路に代えて前記データ信号線駆動回路が、前記セルフリフレッシュ動作の対象である複数の前記画素回路に接続する全部の前記データ信号線に前記第1電圧状態の前記画素データの電圧を供給することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の表示装置。 - 前記画素回路は、一端を前記内部ノードに接続し、他端を第4制御線に接続する第2容量素子を更に備えており、
前記第4制御線が前記電圧供給線として兼用される構成であり、
前記制御線駆動回路が、前記第2制御線に対する印加電圧を変更して前記第3トランジスタ素子を導通状態とした後、前記セルフリフレッシュ動作の対象である複数の前記画素回路に接続する全部の前記第4制御線に、前記第1電圧状態の前記画素データの電圧を供給することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の表示装置。 - 前記画素回路は、
前記第1スイッチ回路が前記第4トランジスタ素子以外のスイッチ素子を含まず、前記第4トランジスタ素子の第1端子が前記内部ノードに、第2端子が前記データ信号線に接続する構成であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の表示装置。 - 前記画素回路は、
前記第1スイッチ回路が、前記第2スイッチ回路内の前記第3トランジスタ素子と前記第4トランジスタ素子との直列回路、又は前記第2スイッチ回路内の前記第3トランジスタ素子の制御端子に制御端子が接続する第5トランジスタと前記第4トランジスタ素子との直列回路で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の表示装置。 - 前記画素回路を行方向及び列方向にそれぞれ複数配置して画素回路アレイを構成し、
前記列毎に前記データ信号線を1本ずつ備え、
前記行毎に前記走査信号線を1本ずつ備え、
同一列に配置される前記画素回路は、前記第1スイッチ回路の一端が共通の前記データ信号線に接続し、
同一行又は同一列に配置される前記画素回路は、前記第2トランジスタ素子の制御端子が共通の前記第1制御線に接続し、
同一行又は同一列に配置される前記画素回路は、前記第3トランジスタ素子の制御端子が共通の前記第2制御線に接続し、
同一行又は同一列に配置される前記画素回路は、前記第1容量素子の前記他端が共通の前記第3制御線に接続する構成であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の表示装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP10828133.8A EP2498243A4 (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-07-22 | DISPLAY DEVICE |
JP2011539306A JP5351974B2 (ja) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-07-22 | 表示装置 |
US13/508,003 US8339531B2 (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-07-22 | Display device |
CN201080050362.1A CN102763153B (zh) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-07-22 | 显示装置 |
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JP2009255391 | 2009-11-06 | ||
JP2009-255391 | 2009-11-06 |
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PCT/JP2010/062318 WO2011055572A1 (ja) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-07-22 | 表示装置 |
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US (1) | US8339531B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2498243A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5351974B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102763153B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011055572A1 (ja) |
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US20130033473A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display device for active storage pixel inversion and method of driving the same |
WO2013018921A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display device for active storage pixel inversion and method of driving |
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CN113632452A (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-11-09 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 固体摄像装置、距离测量装置以及距离测量方法 |
CN110264961B (zh) * | 2019-04-04 | 2022-08-02 | 上海中航光电子有限公司 | 驱动电路及其驱动方法、面板及其驱动方法 |
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CN102890907A (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2013-01-23 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | 像素元件及其显示面板与控制方法 |
CN102890907B (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2015-08-26 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | 像素元件及其显示面板与控制方法 |
US20130033473A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display device for active storage pixel inversion and method of driving the same |
WO2013018921A1 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-07 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display device for active storage pixel inversion and method of driving |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8339531B2 (en) | 2012-12-25 |
JPWO2011055572A1 (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
JP5351974B2 (ja) | 2013-11-27 |
EP2498243A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
CN102763153A (zh) | 2012-10-31 |
EP2498243A4 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
CN102763153B (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
US20120218252A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
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