WO2011040240A1 - SiC単結晶およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
SiC単結晶およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011040240A1 WO2011040240A1 PCT/JP2010/065913 JP2010065913W WO2011040240A1 WO 2011040240 A1 WO2011040240 A1 WO 2011040240A1 JP 2010065913 W JP2010065913 W JP 2010065913W WO 2011040240 A1 WO2011040240 A1 WO 2011040240A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- single crystal
- sic
- melt
- sic single
- crystal
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/36—Carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B17/00—Single-crystal growth onto a seed which remains in the melt during growth, e.g. Nacken-Kyropoulos method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B9/00—Single-crystal growth from melt solutions using molten solvents
- C30B9/04—Single-crystal growth from melt solutions using molten solvents by cooling of the solution
- C30B9/08—Single-crystal growth from melt solutions using molten solvents by cooling of the solution using other solvents
- C30B9/10—Metal solvents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a SiC single crystal and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a SiC single crystal for manufacturing a power device substrate by a solution growth method and a method for manufacturing the same.
- SiC has attracted attention as a power device material that exceeds the performance limit of Si power devices because its band gap is about 3 times that of Si, dielectric breakdown voltage is about 7 times, and thermal conductivity is about 3 times.
- SiC is an ionic covalent crystal and has a crystal polymorphism (polytype) having a crystallographically identical composition and various laminated structures with respect to the c-axis direction. Examples of the polytype include 4H (hexagonal system with four molecules as one period), 6H (hexagonal system with six molecules as one period), 3C (cubic system with three molecules as one period), 15R. (Rhombohedral system with 15 molecules as one period).
- SiC has a different probability of occurrence depending on the polytype, and physical properties such as thermal stability, band gap, mobility, and impurity level are also different. Therefore, in order to apply to optical devices and electronic devices, a homogeneous single crystal substrate in which a plurality of polytypes are not mixed is required. In particular, as a power device application, 4H—SiC having a large band gap is required.
- the conventionally known SiC single crystal growth methods include a sublimation method, a CVD method, and a solution growth method.
- the sublimation method is a method in which high-purity SiC powder is heated to 2200 ° C. to 2500 ° C., and the sublimated raw material is supplied to the surface of the seed crystal set at a lower temperature than the powder for recrystallization.
- Various chemical species composed of Si and C are mixed in the sublimation gas, and complex reactions occur, so that polymorphic transition is likely to occur and lattice defects such as dislocations are likely to occur. Since this dislocation causes a leak when a PN diode is formed, a reduction in dislocation density (EPD) is desired.
- the CVD method is a method in which a diluted hydrocarbon gas and a silane gas are simultaneously supplied onto a single crystal seed crystal substrate, and an SiC single crystal is epitaxially grown on the substrate surface by a chemical reaction.
- the CVD method grows by balancing etching and deposition, so that the growth rate is slow and is not suitable for manufacturing a bulk single crystal. Therefore, it is mainly used as an epitaxial growth method for the drift layer.
- a melt containing Si and C is brought into contact with a seed crystal, and the temperature of the seed crystal is made lower than that of the melt, so that the melt is supersaturated with SiC, and a SiC single crystal is grown on the surface of the seed crystal. It is a method to make it.
- the solution growth method has fewer lattice defects than other growth methods, and crystal polymorphism hardly occurs, so that a high-quality single crystal can be obtained.
- the growth rate is slow because the solubility of C in the Si melt is very low.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-002173 discloses, as this solution growth method, a formula including Si, C, and M (M: one of Mn and Ti) and an atomic ratio of Si and M of Si 1-x M x When M is Mn, 0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.7, and when M is Ti, 0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.25 from the melt of the alloy onto the seed crystal substrate.
- a method for growing a single crystal is disclosed.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-261843 includes Si, C, V, and Ti, and the atomic ratio of Si and V is expressed as 0.1 [V] / ([Si] + [V]). ⁇ [V] / ([Si] + [V]) ⁇ 0.45 is satisfied, and the atomic ratio of Si and Ti is expressed by the formula [Ti] / ([Si] + [Ti]).
- the SiC seed crystal substrate is brought into contact with the melt satisfying the relationship of 0.1 ⁇ [Ti] / ([Si] + [Ti]) ⁇ 0.25 and the melt is supercooled around the seed crystal substrate.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-076986 includes Si, Ti, M (M: any one of Co, Mn, or Al) and C, and the atomic ratio of Si, Ti, and M is Si x Ti y M z.
- M Co or Mn
- M Al
- a seed crystal substrate for SiC growth is brought into contact with a melt satisfying 17 ⁇ y / x ⁇ 0.33 and 0.33 ⁇ (y + z) /x ⁇ 0.60, and the melt is passed around the seed crystal substrate.
- a method is disclosed in which a SiC single crystal is grown on a seed crystal substrate by cooling to bring the SiC in the melt into a supersaturated state.
- the C concentration in the melt at 2000 ° C. or lower can be increased as compared with the Si—C binary system.
- the crystal growth rate can be increased.
- the addition of Ti makes it possible to obtain a high-quality SiC single crystal at a growth rate several times faster than liquid phase growth from a conventional Si—C binary melt.
- Ti addition is stable with respect to the growth of 6H-SiC single crystals, when growing 4H-SiC single crystals, which are promising for power device applications, 6H-SiC polytypes are mixed, resulting in stable growth. There is a problem that can not be done.
- the C concentration in the melt is significantly increased by adding Mn, since the vapor pressure of Mn is low, stable growth over a long time is difficult.
- the present invention provides a method for stably producing a 4H—SiC single crystal over a long period of time at an effective crystal growth rate even in a low temperature range of 2000 ° C. or lower, and the 4H— An object is to provide a SiC single crystal.
- a method for producing a SiC single crystal according to the present invention includes a step of dissolving C in a solvent obtained by heating and melting a raw material containing Si, Ti and Ni to form a melt, A SiC single crystal is grown on the SiC seed crystal by bringing the SiC seed crystal into contact with the melt and bringing the melt into a SiC supersaturated state in the vicinity of the surface of the SiC seed crystal. It is what.
- the atomic ratio of Ti to Si preferably satisfies the relationship 0.05 ⁇ [Ti] / ([Si] + [Ti]) ⁇ 0.3, and the total atomic ratio of Ti and X to Si is 0. 0.1 ⁇ ([Ti] + [Ni]) / ([Si] + [Ti] + [Ni]) ⁇ 0.65 is preferably satisfied.
- the method for producing a SiC single crystal according to the present invention is preferably performed under atmospheric pressure or under pressure.
- this invention is a SiC single crystal manufactured by the method mentioned above as another aspect.
- the solubility of C in the melt at a low temperature range of 2000 ° C. or lower is increased, and the C concentration in the melt can be maintained high.
- 6H—SiC polytype mixing can be suppressed, a 4H—SiC single crystal can be stably produced over a long period of time at an effective crystal growth rate.
- a graphite crucible 1 is located in the center, and a furnace core tube 2, a quartz tube 3 and a heat insulating material 4 cover the outside of the crucible 1 in this order.
- the furnace core tube 2 may be at atmospheric pressure or in a pressurized state.
- a high frequency coil 5 is further installed outside the heat insulating material 4.
- the upper part of the crucible 1 is opened, and the water-cooled dip shaft 7 is arranged so as to be movable in the vertical direction through the opening.
- a seed crystal substrate 8 is attached to the lower end of the dip shaft 7.
- the seed crystal substrate 8 is made of an SiC single crystal having the same crystal structure as the SiC single crystal to be manufactured.
- a melt 6 is stored in the crucible 1.
- raw materials containing Si, Ti and Ni are put into the crucible 1.
- the raw material may be in the form of powder, granules, or lumps.
- the atomic ratio of Ti to Si preferably satisfies the relationship of 0.05 ⁇ [Ti] / ([Si] + [Ti]) ⁇ 0.3.
- the total atomic ratio of Ti and Ni to Si satisfies the relationship of 0.1 ⁇ ([Ti] + [Ni]) / ([Si] + [Ti] + [Ni]) ⁇ 0.65. Is preferred.
- the C concentration in the melt can be increased in a low temperature range of 2000 ° C. or lower, and a SiC single crystal, particularly at a faster crystal growth rate.
- the 4H—SiC single crystal can be stably grown.
- stable SiC single crystal can be reliably grown at this higher crystal growth rate.
- a more preferable range of the atomic ratio of Ti to Si is 0.1 ⁇ [Ti] / ([Si] + [Ti]) ⁇ 0.3.
- a more preferable range of the total atomic ratio of Ti and Ni to Si is 0.105 ⁇ ([Ti] + [Ni]) / ([Si] + [Ti] + [Ni]) ⁇ 0.45, A more preferable range is 0.35 ⁇ ([Ti] + [X]) / ([Si] + [Ti] + [X]) ⁇ 0.45.
- the atomic ratio of Ni to Ti preferably satisfies the relationship of 0.05 ⁇ [Ni] / ([Ti] + [Ni]) ⁇ 0.70.
- the atomic ratio of X within this range, the effect of adding two elements of Ti and Ni can be sufficiently exhibited.
- a more preferable range of the atomic ratio of Ni to Ti is 0.05 ⁇ [Ni] / ([Ti] + [Ni]) ⁇ 0.54, and a more preferable range is 0.15 ⁇ [X] / ( [Ti] + [X]) ⁇ 0.54.
- the raw material charged in the crucible 1 is induction-heated by the high frequency coil 5 and is completely melted.
- a material in which this raw material is melted is called a solvent.
- C is dissolved in this solvent to prepare a melt 6 containing Si, C, Ti and Ni.
- a method for dissolving C is not particularly limited, but a method of eluting C from a graphite crucible 1 into a solvent, or a gas containing C from the opening of the crucible 1 is supplied into the crucible 1 to perform a gas-liquid interface reaction. Preferred is a method of dissolving C in a solvent, or both.
- a graphite crucible that does not contain impurities so that impurities other than C are not eluted in the solvent.
- a hydrocarbon gas or a hydrocarbon gas diluted with hydrogen as the gas containing C.
- a gas containing Si can be supplied together with a gas containing C.
- the Si source, silane, disilane, silane chloride represented by SiH n Cl 4-n, n is 1, 2 or 3 are preferred. Since Si is consumed together with C from the melt 6 by the growth of the SiC single crystal, the composition of the melt 6 is changed by supplying the gas containing Si and dissolving the Si in the melt 6 in this way. Can be maintained.
- the solubility of C in the melt 6 increases.
- the solubility of C in the melt 6 is further increased in a low temperature range of 2000 ° C. or lower, and the C concentration in the melt 6 is reduced. Can be higher.
- the temperature of the melt 6 that can maintain such a high C concentration is preferably at least 1000 ° C., more preferably 1200 ° C. or more, and even more preferably 1500 ° C. or more.
- the temperature of the melt 6 exceeds 2000 ° C., there is no technical problem, but from the viewpoint of energy efficiency, it is preferably 2000 ° C. or less, more preferably 1700 ° C. or less, and further preferably 1650 ° C. or less. .
- the dip shaft 7 with the seed crystal substrate 8 attached to the lower end is lowered until the seed crystal substrate 8 is immersed in the melt 6. Then, cooling water (not shown) is allowed to flow inside the dip shaft 7 to cool the seed crystal substrate 8. As a result, a temperature gradient is generated in the melt 6 so that the temperature of the seed crystal substrate 8 side becomes low.
- the temperature gradient ⁇ T is preferably 40 ° C./cm.
- SiC is supersaturated near the surface of seed crystal substrate 8, and a SiC single crystal is deposited on the surface of seed crystal substrate 8. In order to grow a uniform crystal during crystal growth, it is preferable to rotate the dip shaft 7 and / or the crucible 1.
- the SiC single crystal that can be grown according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but by adding Ti and Ni to the melt 6, among the SiC single crystals, 4H—SiC single crystal, in particular, can be stably grown at a high crystal growth rate. Can be made.
- the SiC single crystal growth test was performed using the SiC single crystal growth apparatus shown in FIG. First, a raw material having a composition of Ti 0.15 Ni 0.15 Si 0.7 was placed in a graphite crucible, and the crucible was heated to 1600 ° C. in an Ar atmosphere at a pressure of 1 atm. As a result, all the raw materials were melted, and C was dissolved from the inner wall of the crucible, so that a melt containing Si, C, Ti and Ni was generated.
- a 4H—SiC seed crystal substrate having a thickness of 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 0.35 mm was fixed to the lower end of the water-cooled dip shaft, and lowered until the lower end of the dip shaft was immersed in the melt in the crucible.
- the inside of the SiC single crystal growth apparatus is adjusted again to an Ar atmosphere of 1 atm, and then the crucible and the dip shaft are rotated in opposite directions at a speed of 5 rpm.
- the dip axis was cooled with water, and crystal growth was performed for 10 hours (Example 1).
- Table 1 shows the results of the composition and growth time of the changed raw material and the film thickness of the obtained SiC single crystal.
- Example 2 using the raw material having the same composition as Example 1, a crystal having a film thickness of about 92 ⁇ m was obtained in a growth time of 1 hour. Therefore, it was confirmed that the SiC single crystal grew stably at a crystal growth rate of about 100 ⁇ m / hr for a long time.
- crystallization obtained in this Example 2 with the optical microscope is shown in FIG.
- SiC single crystal layer 10 was grown on seed crystal substrate 8.
- the crystal growth rate was lower than in Example 1, and thus it was confirmed that Si preferably maintained a constant composition ratio.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2 炉芯管
3 石英管
4 断熱材
5 高周波コイル
6 融液
7 ディップ軸
8 種結晶基板
10 結晶成長層
Claims (4)
- Si、Ti及びNiを含む原料を、加熱融解させた溶媒に、Cを溶解させて融液を形成するステップと、SiC種結晶を前記融液に接触させ、前記SiC種結晶の表面近傍で前記融液をSiC過飽和状態とすることによって、前記SiC種結晶上にSiC単結晶を成長させるステップとを含むSiC単結晶を製造する方法。
- Siに対するTiの原子比が、0.05≦[Ti]/([Si]+[Ti])≦0.3の関係を満たし、Siに対するTiとXの合計の原子比が、0.1≦([Ti]+[X])/([Si]+[Ti]+[X])≦0.65の関係を満たす請求項1に記載の方法。
- 大気圧または加圧下で行う請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって製造されたSiC単結晶。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10820359.7A EP2484815B1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-15 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SiC SINGLE CRYSTAL |
JP2011534186A JP5483216B2 (ja) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-15 | SiC単結晶およびその製造方法 |
KR1020127008748A KR101666596B1 (ko) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-15 | SiC 단결정 및 그 제조 방법 |
US13/428,395 US9856582B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2012-03-23 | SiC single crystal and production method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2009-224291 | 2009-09-29 | ||
JP2009224291 | 2009-09-29 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/428,395 Continuation US9856582B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2012-03-23 | SiC single crystal and production method thereof |
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WO2011040240A1 true WO2011040240A1 (ja) | 2011-04-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2010/065913 WO2011040240A1 (ja) | 2009-09-29 | 2010-09-15 | SiC単結晶およびその製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9856582B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2484815B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5483216B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101666596B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011040240A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2013035705A (ja) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 単結晶の製造装置及び製造方法 |
WO2013161999A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-10-31 | 京セラ株式会社 | 保持体、結晶成長方法および結晶成長装置 |
JP2014047120A (ja) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-17 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal | SiC単結晶の製造方法 |
WO2014189010A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-11-27 | 日立化成株式会社 | 炭化珪素単結晶及びその製造方法 |
JP2017024985A (ja) * | 2014-01-29 | 2017-02-02 | 京セラ株式会社 | 結晶の製造方法 |
JP2017095311A (ja) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | SiC単結晶の製造方法 |
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US8860040B2 (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2014-10-14 | Dow Corning Corporation | High voltage power semiconductor devices on SiC |
US9018639B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2015-04-28 | Dow Corning Corporation | Flat SiC semiconductor substrate |
US9738991B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2017-08-22 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method for growing a SiC crystal by vapor deposition onto a seed crystal provided on a supporting shelf which permits thermal expansion |
US9797064B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2017-10-24 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method for growing a SiC crystal by vapor deposition onto a seed crystal provided on a support shelf which permits thermal expansion |
US9017804B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2015-04-28 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method to reduce dislocations in SiC crystal growth |
US8940614B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-01-27 | Dow Corning Corporation | SiC substrate with SiC epitaxial film |
US9279192B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2016-03-08 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method for manufacturing SiC wafer fit for integration with power device manufacturing technology |
US10718065B2 (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2020-07-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Silicon-based molten composition and manufacturing method of SiC single crystal using the same |
EP3316279B1 (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2022-02-23 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Silicon-based molten composition and method for manufacturing sic single crystals using same |
WO2018062689A1 (ko) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 실리콘계 용융 조성물 및 이를 이용하는 실리콘카바이드 단결정의 제조 방법 |
KR102142424B1 (ko) * | 2017-06-29 | 2020-08-07 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 실리콘계 용융 조성물 및 이를 이용하는 실리콘카바이드 단결정의 제조 방법 |
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2010
- 2010-09-15 EP EP10820359.7A patent/EP2484815B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-09-15 KR KR1020127008748A patent/KR101666596B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-09-15 JP JP2011534186A patent/JP5483216B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-09-15 WO PCT/JP2010/065913 patent/WO2011040240A1/ja active Application Filing
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2012
- 2012-03-23 US US13/428,395 patent/US9856582B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (8)
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JP2013035705A (ja) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-02-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 単結晶の製造装置及び製造方法 |
WO2013161999A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-10-31 | 京セラ株式会社 | 保持体、結晶成長方法および結晶成長装置 |
JPWO2013161999A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-26 | 2015-12-24 | 京セラ株式会社 | 保持体、結晶成長方法および結晶成長装置 |
JP2014047120A (ja) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-17 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal | SiC単結晶の製造方法 |
WO2014189010A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-11-27 | 日立化成株式会社 | 炭化珪素単結晶及びその製造方法 |
JPWO2014189010A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-20 | 2017-02-23 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 炭化珪素単結晶及びその製造方法 |
JP2017024985A (ja) * | 2014-01-29 | 2017-02-02 | 京セラ株式会社 | 結晶の製造方法 |
JP2017095311A (ja) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-06-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | SiC単結晶の製造方法 |
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JPWO2011040240A1 (ja) | 2013-02-28 |
EP2484815B1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
KR20120091054A (ko) | 2012-08-17 |
EP2484815A1 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
US9856582B2 (en) | 2018-01-02 |
JP5483216B2 (ja) | 2014-05-07 |
KR101666596B1 (ko) | 2016-10-14 |
US20120237428A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
EP2484815A4 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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