WO2011037044A1 - 歯科用x線撮影装置 - Google Patents
歯科用x線撮影装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011037044A1 WO2011037044A1 PCT/JP2010/065831 JP2010065831W WO2011037044A1 WO 2011037044 A1 WO2011037044 A1 WO 2011037044A1 JP 2010065831 W JP2010065831 W JP 2010065831W WO 2011037044 A1 WO2011037044 A1 WO 2011037044A1
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- ray imaging
- ray
- projection image
- detecting
- dental
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 157
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013170 computed tomography imaging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A61B6/51—
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
- A61B6/4435—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure
- A61B6/4441—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/46—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B6/461—Displaying means of special interest
- A61B6/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/5211—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data
- A61B6/5229—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data combining image data of a patient, e.g. combining a functional image with an anatomical image
- A61B6/5235—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data combining image data of a patient, e.g. combining a functional image with an anatomical image combining images from the same or different ionising radiation imaging techniques, e.g. PET and CT
- A61B6/5241—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data combining image data of a patient, e.g. combining a functional image with an anatomical image combining images from the same or different ionising radiation imaging techniques, e.g. PET and CT combining overlapping images of the same imaging modality, e.g. by stitching
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/547—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving tracking of position of the device or parts of the device
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dental X-ray imaging apparatus, and more particularly to a dental X-ray imaging apparatus that paste-combines projection images obtained at each position by linearly moving an X-ray imaging means in a direction along a light receiving surface.
- CT imaging computer tomography
- FOV field of view
- X-ray source center of rotation
- Patent Document 1 a technique for obtaining a large FOV (field of view) by pasting projection images together is known in an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus.
- the X-ray imaging means required for CT imaging is more expensive as the size of the light receiving surface is larger, and there is a problem that if the light receiving surface is enlarged in order to increase the FOV, the cost is increased.
- the size of the image data processing apparatus is increased, and the apparatus is expensive as a whole. Therefore, there has been a problem that CT imaging apparatuses having a large FOV are difficult to be widely used in dental treatment.
- the present invention provides dental X-ray imaging capable of acquiring a high-precision image while obtaining a large FOV using an inexpensive X-ray imaging means having a narrow light receiving surface. It is an object to provide an apparatus.
- the present invention provides an X-ray source that irradiates a subject with an X-ray flux, an X-ray imaging unit that detects the X-ray flux irradiated from the X-ray source and transmitted through the subject, and the X-ray
- a support means for supporting the source and the X-ray imaging means, and a turning means for rotating the support means around a vertical axis to turn the X-ray source and the X-ray imaging means horizontally around the subject;
- a dental X-ray imaging apparatus comprising: a slide moving means for linearly moving the X-ray imaging means in a direction along a light receiving surface; a control device for controlling operations of the turning means and the slide moving means; Image processing means for processing a projection image acquired by the X-ray imaging means, and the control device transmits the X-ray imaging means through the first region of the subject by the slide moving means.
- a paste combining step is performed for combining the image groups with the projection images having the same phase angle of the support means, and the slide moving means includes an origin position detecting means for detecting the origin position of the X-ray imaging means.
- the linear movement of the X-ray imaging means is performed by the first detection position and the second detection respectively from the preset origin position.
- the origin position detecting means includes a light shielding plate that moves linearly together with the X-ray imaging means by the slide moving means, and an optical sensor that detects the position of the end of the light shielding plate, and the light shielding A point in time when the end of the plate is removed from the optical sensor in the forward direction is detected as the origin position.
- the “phase angle” of the support means is used to mean the rotation state of the support means as viewed from the subject as a rotation angle from an arbitrary reference position.
- the movement accuracy of the X-ray imaging unit in the first slide moving step and the second slide moving step is improved by linearly moving the X-ray imaging unit in the direction along the light receiving surface by the slide moving unit. It can be ensured with high accuracy.
- the first projection image group obtained at the first detection position and the second detection position can be obtained.
- the second projection image group can be bonded with high accuracy.
- the first detection position and the second detection of the X-ray imaging unit are reconstructed by reconstructing a high-precision projection image obtained by pasting the first projection image group and the second projection image group, respectively. Images with a wide range of FOVs covered by location can be acquired.
- the present invention provides a dental X-ray imaging apparatus capable of acquiring a high-accuracy image while obtaining a large FOV using an inexpensive X-ray imaging means having a narrow light receiving surface. it can.
- the present invention by moving from the preset origin position to the first detection position and the second detection position, respectively, from the origin position to the first detection position with reference to the origin position. And the distance from the origin position to the second detection position can be managed to further improve the position accuracy of the detection position.
- the rotation direction of the X-ray imaging unit in the second imaging step is opposite to the rotation direction of the X-ray imaging unit in the first imaging step. desirable.
- the operation time of the turning means can be shortened by reciprocal shooting by setting the rotation directions of the first imaging step and the second imaging step in opposite directions.
- the phase angle shift between the rotation direction of the X-ray imaging unit in the second imaging step and the rotation direction of the X-ray imaging unit in the first imaging step by visually recognizing the degree of mutual overlap. It is desirable to have a set of aiming members for detection.
- the present invention includes a photographing device that visually recognizes the degree of overlap.
- the photographing apparatus since the photographing apparatus is provided, it is possible to objectively detect a phase angle shift, improve detection accuracy, and perform reliable correction.
- the dental X-ray imaging apparatus can acquire a high-accuracy image while obtaining a large FOV using an inexpensive X-ray imaging means having a narrow light receiving surface.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram (part 1) for explaining an operation when the first imaging step and the second imaging step are in the same direction, and (a) and (b) are plan views showing the relationship between the subject and the arm.
- C is a conceptual diagram showing a projection image group. It is a figure (the 2) similar to FIG. 3A, (a) and (b) are top views. It is the figure (the 3) similar to FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram (part 1) for explaining an operation when the first imaging step and the second imaging step are in opposite directions, and (a) and (b) are plan views showing the relationship between the subject and the arm.
- C is a conceptual diagram showing a projection image group. It is a figure (the 2) similar to FIG. 4A, (a) and (b) are top views.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are views (No. 3) similar to FIG. 4A, in which FIG. 4A is a plan view, FIG.
- FIG. 4B is a conceptual view showing a captured image group
- FIG. 4A is a conceptual diagram which shows the concept of paste synthesis
- FIG. 4A is a figure which shows the mounting state of the angle offset adjustment apparatus in case a 1st imaging step and a 2nd imaging step are reverse directions
- (a) is a side view
- (b) is an enlarged plan view of an adjustment tool.
- a dental X-ray imaging apparatus 1 includes a support column 10 and a main body 20 that is movably disposed on the support 10.
- the arm 2 is disposed so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis.
- the subject K is an affected area of a patient (not shown), and the patient is placed with the head fixed inside the arm 2. Then, with the subject K fixed, the arm 2 is rotated around the subject K to perform X-ray imaging.
- the present invention can also be applied to a cephalometric imaging device or a panoramic imaging device.
- the arm 2 can be configured to be movable in a two-dimensional plane in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction via a moving table or the like as appropriate in order to adapt to positioning with the subject K and various imaging modes.
- the dental X-ray imaging apparatus 1 includes an X-ray source 11 that irradiates a subject K with an X-ray bundle L, an X-ray imaging unit 12 that detects an X-ray bundle L that has passed through the subject K, Arm 2 as a support means for supporting the radiation source 11 and the X-ray imaging means 12, a turning means 3 for rotating the arm 2 around the arm rotation center axis C1, and a direction along the light receiving surface 12a for the X-ray imaging means 12 A slide moving means 4 for linear movement, a control device 8 for controlling the operation of the turning means 3 and the slide moving means 4, and an image processing means 81 for processing the projection image acquired by the X-ray imaging means 12. Yes.
- the X-ray source 11 and the X-ray imaging means 12 are disposed on the arm 2 so as to face each other with the subject K interposed therebetween. Then, the arm 2 is swung by the swiveling means 3 composed of a servo motor or the like, the X-ray source 11 and the X-ray imaging means 12 are rotated around the subject K, and the X-ray bundle L irradiated from the X-ray source 11 becomes the subject K. And is detected by the X-ray imaging means 12.
- the X-ray imaging means 12 is composed of a flat surface sensor having a light receiving surface 12a, and is composed of, for example, a CMOS sensor, a CCD sensor, a CdTe sensor, and other image sensors.
- the slide moving means 4 includes a ball screw 41, a drive motor 42 that rotates the ball screw 41, a nut 43 that is screwed into the ball screw 41, and a holder 44 that is fixed to the nut 43.
- the X-ray imaging means 12 fixed to the holder 44, the linear movement guide 45 that supports the X-ray imaging means 12 so as to be reciprocally movable in the direction along the light receiving surface 12a, and the X-ray imaging means 12 (light receiving surface 12a).
- origin position detection means 5 for detecting the origin position P0 (FIG. 3A (a)).
- the origin position detecting means 5 includes a light shielding plate 51 fixed to the nut 43 and an optical sensor 52 that detects the position of the end portion 51 a of the light shielding plate 51.
- the origin position detecting means 5 detects the time when the end portion 51a of the light shielding plate 51 is removed from the optical sensor 52 in the forward direction A when the nut 43 moves forward in the forward direction A, the light receiving surface 12a of the X-ray imaging means 12. Is detected as an origin position P0 (FIG. 3A (a)).
- control means 8 uses the slide moving means 4 until the light receiving surface 12a comes from the origin position P0 (FIG. 3A (a)) to the first detection position P1 (FIG. 3 A (a)), and The X-ray imaging means 12 is linearly moved in the horizontal direction in the arm 2 from the origin position P0 to the second detection position P2 (FIG. 3B (b)).
- the operation of the dental X-ray imaging apparatus 1 configured as described above will be described in the first embodiment (FIGS. 3A to 3D) and the second embodiment (FIGS. 4A to 4D). 3 and 4, for the convenience of explanation, the light receiving surface 12a of the X-ray imaging unit 12 is expressed as conceptually moving.
- FIG. 4D is different in that the rotation direction of the arm 2 in the first imaging step is opposite to the rotation direction in the second imaging step.
- a projection image group is acquired for each of the case where the X-ray imaging unit 12 is located at the first detection position P1 and the case where the X-ray imaging unit 12 is located at the second detection position P2.
- the imaging area of the subject K is conceptually divided into two areas, and a projection image group is acquired in a state where the X-ray imaging unit 12 is disposed at a position corresponding to each area.
- CT reconstruction is performed after synthesizing them in correspondence.
- the control device 8 performs the first slide movement step of moving the X-ray imaging means from the origin position (P0) to the first detection position (P1) (FIG. 3A (a)), and turns.
- 3A (c)) the X-ray imaging means 12 and the X-ray source are rotated by rotating the arm 2 clockwise while returning the X-ray imaging means 12 from the first detection position P1 to the origin position P0 by the slide moving means 4. 11 to the original position shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3A image pickup start position in the first image pickup step, reference position
- FIG. 3B (a) the second detection position from the origin position (P0) X-rays up to (P2)
- a second slide moving step for moving the means 12 (FIG. 3B (b))
- a second means for transmitting the second region of the subject K by rotating the arm 2 190 degrees counterclockwise by the turning means 3.
- a second imaging step (FIGS. 3A (a) to 3A (c)) for acquiring the projection image groups L1 to L190 is executed.
- the image processing means 81 executes a paste composition step for combining the first projection image groups R1 to R190 and the second projection image groups L1 to L190 by combining the projection images having the same phase angle of the arm 2 with each other. To do.
- the light receiving surface 12a of the X-ray imaging means 12 is moved from the origin position P0 to the first detection position P1 by the slide movement means 4 (FIG. 2). It is a step to move to.
- the arm 2 In the first slide movement step, it is not necessary to rotate the arm 2, but since the arm 2 is not affected by the rotation, the arm 2 can be slid while being rotated.
- the first projection image group R1 to R190 is 1 while rotating the arm 2 190 degrees from the reference position (starting point) shown in FIG. 3A (a). It is a group of 190 projection images photographed every time.
- the rotation angle of the arm 2 is set to 190 degrees from 180 degrees to 180 degrees or more in consideration of the X-ray irradiation angle in the case of the half recon, but the X-ray irradiation angle is not considered. May be 180 degrees, and in the case of full recon, it may be 360 degrees or 360 degrees or more.
- the first area of the subject K is the area of the subject K corresponding to the range in which the X-ray bundle L moves from FIG. 3A (a) to FIG. 3A (b).
- the X-ray imaging means 12 The light receiving surface 12a exists at the first detection position P1.
- the region of the subject K is a region of the subject K through which the X-ray bundle L irradiated from the X-ray source 11 transmits while rotating, and is conceptual and means a specific range of the subject K. Not what you want.
- the slide moving unit 4 and the arm 2 are used.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the slide movement of the slide moving means 4 and the rotation of the arm 2 can be performed separately.
- the light receiving surface 12a of the X-ray imaging means 12 is moved from the origin position P0 to the second detection position P2 by the slide movement means 4 (FIG. 2). It is a step to move to.
- the second slide movement step is executed after the step of returning to the original position.
- the second slide movement step may be executed while returning to the original position.
- a step of returning to the original position may be executed after the slide movement step. In short, it is sufficient that the step of returning to the original position and the second slide movement step are completed before the second imaging step is executed.
- the arm 2 is first imaged by the turning means 3 while the X-ray imaging means 12 is located at the second detection position P2.
- the image is rotated in the same direction by 190 degrees counterclockwise, and this time, second projection image groups L1 to L190 transmitted through the second area of the subject K are acquired.
- the second region of the subject K is the region of the subject K corresponding to the range in which the X-ray bundle L moves from FIG. 3C (a) to FIG. 3C (b).
- the X-ray imaging means 12 The light receiving surface 12a is located at the second detection position P2 (FIG. 3C (a)).
- the first projection image group R1 to R190 and the second projection image group L1 to L190 are made the same in the counterclockwise direction from the same reference position shown in FIG. Since this is a group of images shot in the direction of rotation, the projection images R1 and L1 have the same phase angle, and similarly, the phase angles are the same up to the projection images R190 and L190, respectively, in the order of shooting.
- first projection image group R1 to R190 and the second projection image group L1 to L190 are combined with the high-accuracy projection images obtained by combining the first projection image group R1 to R190 and the second projection image group L1 to L190, respectively.
- CT tomographic images having a wide range of FOVs covered by the detection position P1 and the second detection position P2 can be acquired.
- the control device 8 includes a first slide movement step for moving the X-ray imaging means 12 from the origin position (P0) to the first detection position (P1) (FIG. 4A (a)), A first imaging step of obtaining the first projection image groups R1 to R190 transmitted through the first region of the subject K by rotating the arm 2 counterclockwise by the turning means 3 by 190 degrees (FIG. 4A (b) ) To (c)), the step of returning the X-ray imaging means 12 from the first detection position P1 to the origin position P0 by the slide movement means 4 (FIG.
- Second project ® acquires the down images L1 ⁇ L190 (FIG. 4C (a) ⁇ (b)) sort the second imaging step (FIG. 4C (c)), to run.
- the first slide moving step (FIG. 4A (a)) and the first imaging step (FIGS. 4A (b) to 4A (c)) are performed. Since this is the same as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the rotation direction (clockwise) of the X-ray imaging unit 12 in the second imaging step is opposite to the rotation direction (counterclockwise) in the first imaging step.
- the first projection image groups R1 to R190 are images taken while being rotated 190 degrees counterclockwise from the reference position shown in FIG. 4A (a), whereas the second projection image groups L1 to L190 are taken.
- L190 is an image taken while rotating counterclockwise from the reference position shown in FIG. 4A (a) 190 degrees counterclockwise to the reference position shown in FIG. 4C (a) in the reverse direction. . Therefore, the second projection image groups L1 to L190 have the same phase angle as the first projection image groups R1 to R190 when the imaging order is reversed from L190 to L1 (FIG. 4C (b) to FIG. 4). 4C (c)).
- the projection images R1, L190 to the projection images R190, L1 having the same phase angle are synthesized corresponding to each other. .
- the angle offset adjusting device 6 visually recognizes the degree of mutual overlap, and the rotation direction of the X-ray imaging unit 12 in the second imaging step and the rotation of the X-ray imaging unit 12 in the first imaging step.
- An adjustment tool 61 for detecting a phase angle deviation from the direction is provided.
- the adjustment tool 61 has a cylindrical needle-like member 61a disposed at the center of rotation of the arm 2 that is a set of aiming members, and a weight-like or conical shape that allows the degree of overlap with the needle-like member 61a to be visually recognized.
- a convex member 61b and a base member 61c capable of mounting the needle-like member 61a and the convex member 61b on the bite block portion 20a are provided.
- the adjuster 61 is detachably attached to the bite block portion 20a of the main body portion 20.
- the angle offset adjusting device 6 performs X-ray irradiation from the X-ray source 11 and visually confirms the same phase angle, for example, the 95th projection image on the forward path and the 95th projection image on the return path.
- the shift of the arm 2 in the rotation direction of the forward path (FIG. 6B) and the return path (FIG. 6D) can be visually recognized and corrected.
- the needle-like member 61a and the convex member 61b are adopted as a set of aiming members.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a shape member or simply a flat plate with a mark as a mark may be used.
- the second embodiment is a weight-like or conical convex member 61 b in which the cylindrical needle-like member 61 a and the overlap between the needle-like member 61 a can be visually recognized.
- a camera 62 (see FIG. 6A) that is a photographing device for visually recognizing the degree of overlap.
- the camera 62 is mounted at a predetermined position of the arm 2 (behind the X-ray imaging unit 12), but when shooting 190 projection images, for example, in the middle of a group of projection images having the same phase angle. It is preferable to dispose the 95th projection image at a position where it can be viewed.
- the angle offset adjusting device 6 can overlap the needle-like member 61a and the convex member 61b in each of the reverse rotation directions of the forward path (FIG. 6B) and the backward path (FIG. 6D) (
- the deviation ⁇ , FIG. 6E) is visually recognized by the camera 62 from the same position (position where the needle-like member 61a and the convex member 61b overlap), thereby detecting the deviation of the arm 2 in the forward and backward rotation directions. To correct.
- the camera 62 moves from the position 62 (A) shown in FIG. It moves to the position 62 (C) through the position 62 (B) where the overlapping state (deviation ⁇ ) of the convex member 61 a and the convex member 61 b is visually recognized.
- the camera 62 has a needle-like member 61a and a convex member 61b. It moves to the position 62 (e) through the position 62 (d) where the degree of overlap (deviation ⁇ ) is visually recognized. In this way, the overlapping state (deviation ⁇ ) of the needle-like member 61a and the convex member 61b with the camera 62 from the same position, that is, 62 (b) in FIG. 6 (b) and 62 (d) in FIG. 6 (d). ) Can be detected and corrected for a shift in the phase angle of the arm 2 in the forward path and the backward path.
- the angle offset can be adjusted by recognizing the captured image. For example, the horizontal position of the needle-like member 61a and the convex member 61b is recognized and adjusted by pattern matching.
- the slide moving unit 4 according to the present embodiment is moved in the horizontal direction, but if moved in the vertical direction, the FOV of the X-ray imaging unit 12 can be expanded in the vertical direction.
- the area of the subject K is divided into two, and the X-ray imaging unit 12 is moved to the first detection position P1 and the second detection position P2 corresponding to the two areas.
- the area of the subject K may be divided into three or more, and the X-ray imaging unit 12 may be moved corresponding to each area.
- the first projection image group R1 to R190 and the second projection image group L1 to L190 are superimposed and synthesized, but the movement accuracy of the X-ray imaging unit 12 in the linear movement unit is improved. If secured, it is possible to create a composite image simply by arranging the end portions of the projection image so as to join without overlapping.
- the first detection position P1 is set to be farther from the origin position P0 than the second detection position P2 in consideration of the movement time.
- the first detection position P1 is more It can also be set to be closer to the origin position P0 than the second detection position P2.
- the rotation direction of the arm 2 in the imaging step of the present embodiment is taken while rotating counterclockwise in the first embodiment, but if it is the same direction, the image may be taken clockwise.
- the rotation direction of the forward path and the backward path may be reversed, and imaging may be performed while rotating clockwise in the forward path and rotating counterclockwise in the backward path.
Abstract
Description
ここで、支持手段の「位相角度」とは、被写体から見た支持手段の回転状態を任意の基準位置からの回転角度で表す意味として使用する。
本発明の実施形態に係る歯科用X線撮影装置1は、図1に示すように、支柱部10と、支柱部10に移動自在に配設された本体部20とからなり、本体部20には、アーム2が垂直軸周りに回転自在に配設されている。
歯科用X線撮影装置1において、被写体Kは図示しない患者の患部であり、患者はアーム2の内側に頭部を固定して配置される。そして、被写体Kを固定した状態で、アーム2を被写体Kの回りに回転してX線撮影する。
なお、図3と図4では、説明の便宜上、X線撮像手段12の受光面12aが概念的に移動するように表現する。
つまり、被写体Kの撮影領域を概念的に2つの領域に分けて、それぞれの領域に対応する位置にX線撮像手段12を配設した状態でプロジェクション画像群を取得し、このプロジェクション画像群をそれぞれ対応させて合成してからCT再構成する。
ここで、被写体Kの領域とは、X線源11から照射されたX線束Lが回転しながら透過する被写体Kの領域をいうが、概念的なものであり具体的な被写体Kの範囲を意味するものではない。
要するに、第2の撮像ステップを実行する前に、元の位置に戻すステップと第2のスライド移動ステップが完了していればよい。
第2の実施形態では、制御装置8は、原点位置(P0)から第1の検出位置(P1)までX線撮像手段12を移動させる第1のスライド移動ステップと(図4A(a))、旋回手段3によりアーム2を190度反時計回りに回転させて、被写体Kの第1の領域を透過した第1のプロジェクション画像群R1~R190を取得する第1の撮像ステップと(図4A(b)~(c))、スライド移動手段4によりX線撮像手段12を第1の検出位置P1から原点位置P0まで戻すステップと(図4B(a))、原点位置P0から第2の検出位置P2までX線撮像手段12を移動させる第2のスライド移動ステップと(図4B(b))、旋回手段3によりアーム2を190度時計回りに回転させて、被写体Kの第2の領域を透過した第2のプロジェクション画像群L1~L190を取得して(図4C(a)~(b))並べ替える第2の撮像ステップと(図4C(c))、を実行する。
このため、第2のプロジェクション画像群L1~L190は、撮影順をL190~L1まで逆に並べ替えると第1のプロジェクション画像群R1~R190と位相角度が同じになる(図4C(b)~図4C(c))。
角度オフセット調整装置6は、図5に示すように、相互の重なり具合を視認して第2の撮像ステップにおけるX線撮像手段12の回転方向と第1の撮像ステップにおけるX線撮像手段12の回転方向との位相角度のずれを検出するための調整具61を備えて構成されている。
実施例2は、図5に示すように、実施例1において、さらに、円柱形状の針状部材61aとこの針状部材61aとの重なり具合が視認可能な錘状もしくは円錐形状の凸状部材61bとの重なり具合を視認する撮影装置であるカメラ62(図6(a)参照)を備えて構成したものである。
カメラ62は、アーム2の所定の位置(X線撮像手段12の後方)に装着されるが、190枚のプロジェクション画像を撮影する場合には、同じ位相角度となる例えばプロジェクション画像群の真中である95枚目のプロジェクション画像を視認する位置に配設するのが好適である。
このようにして、同じ位置、すなわち図6(b)の62(ロ)と図6(d)の62(ニ)からカメラ62で針状部材61aと凸状部材61bとの重なり具合(ずれδ)を視認することで、往路と復路におけるアーム2の位相角度のずれを検出して補正することができる。
例えば、本実施形態に係るスライド移動手段4は、水平方向に移動させたが、垂直方向に移動させると、X線撮像手段12のFOVを垂直方向に拡大できる。また、本実施形態に置いては、被写体Kの領域を2つに分割して、2つの領域に対応してX線撮像手段12を第1の検出位置P1と第2の検出位置P2に移動させたが、被写体Kの領域を3つ以上に分割してそれぞれの領域に対応させてX線撮像手段12を移動させてもよい。
2 アーム(支持手段)
3 旋回手段
4 スライド移動手段
5 原点位置検出手段
6 角度オフセット調整装置
12 X線撮像手段
12a 受光面
61 調整具
61a 針状部材(照準部材)
61b 凸状部材(照準部材)
62 カメラ(撮影手段)
K 被写体
L X線束
P0 原点位置
P1 第1の検出位置
P2 第2の検出位置
R1~R190 プロジェクション画像群
L1~L190 プロジェクション画像群
Claims (4)
- X線束を被写体に照射するX線源と、
このX線源から照射され前記被写体を透過した前記X線束を検出するX線撮像手段と、
前記X線源および前記X線撮像手段を支持する支持手段と、
この支持手段を垂直軸回りに回転させて前記X線源および前記X線撮像手段を前記被写体の周りで水平方向に旋回させる旋回手段と、を有する歯科用X線撮影装置であって、
前記X線撮像手段を受光面に沿う方向に直線移動させるスライド移動手段と、
前記旋回手段および前記スライド移動手段の動作を制御する制御装置と、
前記X線撮像手段が取得したプロジェクション画像を処理する画像処理手段と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記スライド移動手段により、前記X線撮像手段を前記被写体の第1の領域を透過した前記X線束を検出する第1の検出位置に移動させる第1のスライド移動ステップと、
前記旋回手段により前記X線源および前記X線撮像手段を回転させながら、前記X線撮像手段により前記第1の領域を透過した第1のプロジェクション画像群を取得する第1の撮像ステップと、
前記スライド移動手段により、前記X線撮像手段を前記被写体の第2の領域を透過した前記X線束を検出する第2の検出位置に移動させる第2のスライド移動ステップと、
前記旋回手段により前記X線源および前記X線撮像手段を回転させながら、前記X線撮像手段により前記第2の領域を透過した第2のプロジェクション画像群を取得する第2の撮像ステップと、を実行し、
前記画像処理手段は、
前記第1のプロジェクション画像群と前記第2のプロジェクション画像群とをそれぞれ前記支持手段の位相角度が同じプロジェクション画像同士を張り合わせて合成するペースト合成ステップを実行し、
前記スライド移動手段は、前記X線撮像手段の原点位置を検出する原点位置検出手段を備え、
前記第1のスライド移動ステップ、および前記第2のスライド移動ステップにおいて、前記X線撮像手段の直線移動は、予め設定された前記原点位置からそれぞれ前記第1の検出位置および第2の検出位置まで移動させ、
前記原点位置検出手段は、前記スライド移動手段により前記X線撮像手段とともに直線移動する遮光板と、
この遮光板の端部の位置を検出する光センサと、を備え、
前記遮光板の端部が前記光センサから前進方向に抜けた時点を前記原点位置として検出することを特徴とする歯科用X線撮影装置。 - 前記第2の撮像ステップにおける前記X線撮像手段の回転方向は、前記第1の撮像ステップにおける前記X線撮像手段の回転方向と逆方向であること、
を特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の歯科用X線撮影装置。 - 相互の重なり具合を視認して前記第2の撮像ステップにおける前記X線撮像手段の回転方向と前記第1の撮像ステップにおける前記X線撮像手段の回転方向との位相角度のずれを検出するための一組の照準部材を備えたこと、
を特徴とする請求の範囲第2項に記載の歯科用X線撮影装置。 - 前記重なり具合を視認する撮影装置を備えたことを特徴とする請求の範囲第3項に記載の歯科用X線撮影装置。
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