WO2011030772A1 - ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物及び成形体 - Google Patents
ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物及び成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011030772A1 WO2011030772A1 PCT/JP2010/065371 JP2010065371W WO2011030772A1 WO 2011030772 A1 WO2011030772 A1 WO 2011030772A1 JP 2010065371 W JP2010065371 W JP 2010065371W WO 2011030772 A1 WO2011030772 A1 WO 2011030772A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
- C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polycarbonate resin composition. More specifically, it has excellent flame resistance, impact resistance and surface appearance, maintains good impact resistance even during high-temperature molding, and exhibits good impact resistance even in parts having various corners R. Relates to a polycarbonate resin composition having excellent long-term heat deterioration resistance and a molded body formed by molding the same.
- Polycarbonate resin is a resin excellent in heat resistance, mechanical properties, and electrical characteristics, and is widely used for, for example, automobile materials, electrical and electronic equipment materials, housing materials, and other parts manufacturing materials in industrial fields.
- the flame-retardant polycarbonate resin composition is suitably used as a member of OA / information equipment such as computers, notebook computers, mobile phones, printers, and copying machines.
- a halogen-based flame retardant or a phosphorus-based flame retardant has been added to the polycarbonate resin.
- a polycarbonate resin composition containing a halogen-based flame retardant containing chlorine or bromine may lead to a decrease in thermal stability or corrosion of a molding machine screw or molding die during molding processing. there were.
- the polycarbonate resin composition containing a phosphorus-based flame retardant inhibits the high transparency that is characteristic of the polycarbonate resin and causes a decrease in impact resistance and heat resistance, so that its use is limited. was there.
- these halogen-based flame retardants and phosphorus-based flame retardants may cause environmental pollution at the time of product disposal and recovery, and in recent years, these flame retardants can be made flame retardant without using these flame retardants. It is desired.
- organic sulfonic acid metal salt compounds typified by organic sulfonic acid alkali metal salt compounds and organic alkaline earth metal salt compounds (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2) have been actively studied as useful flame retardants. Has been.
- the organic sulfonic acid metal salt is a mechanism that imparts flame retardancy to the polycarbonate resin by catalytic action, and not only does the flame retardancy improve even if the amount added is increased in order to obtain high flame retardancy, but it deteriorates. Resulting in.
- a method of blending polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles with polycarbonate resin is known.
- the purpose of blending the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles is to impart diffusibility to the polycarbonate resin.
- the method of improving a flame retardance is mix
- silsesquioxane having an epoxy group, a special functional group such as a vinyl group or a phenyl group.
- silsesquioxanes are actually difficult to obtain industrially and the level of flame retardancy is also insufficient.
- Patent Documents 7 to 8 describe a polycarbonate resin composition in which a polyalkylsilsesquioxane, an organic sulfonic acid metal salt, and a fluoropolymer are blended with a polycarbonate resin.
- the level of flame retardancy is still inadequate. Specifically, it is thin (0.8 mm or less) and cannot achieve the flame retardancy of V-1 or higher defined by the UL94 standard. It was.
- the present invention was devised in view of the above problems, and it is extremely high in flame retardancy even when it is made into a thin-walled molded product without using a halogen-based flame retardant or a phosphorus-based flame retardant having a high load on the environment and the human body. Furthermore, it has excellent flame resistance, impact resistance, and surface appearance, maintains good impact resistance even during high temperature molding, and has good impact resistance even in parts having various corners R. Furthermore, it aims at providing the polycarbonate resin composition which is excellent also in a long-term heat-deterioration characteristic, and its molded object.
- the inventors of the present invention have a polycarbonate resin containing an organic sulfonic acid metal salt, a fluoropolymer, specific silsesquioxane particles, and a specific graft copolymer.
- a polycarbonate resin composition having extremely high flame retardancy and also excellent in impact resistance and appearance was obtained, and the present invention was completed. That is, the present invention has been achieved by the following means.
- a polycarbonate resin composition comprising: (2) The polycarbonate resin composition according to (1), wherein the organic sulfonic acid metal salt (B) is a fluorine-containing aliphatic sulfonic acid alkali metal salt.
- the graft copolymer (E) is a graft copolymer of a butadiene rubber and at least one selected from an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and a (meth) acrylic ester compound.
- the graft copolymer (E) is a core / shell type graft copolymer comprising a core made of butadiene rubber and a shell made of (meth) acrylic acid ester (1)
- the content of the graft copolymer (E) is 0.5 to 4.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin, and any one of (1) to (6)
- the polycarbonate resin composition and the molded body of the present invention it is possible to simultaneously improve flame retardancy, impact resistance and appearance. Furthermore, impact resistance and long-term heat deterioration characteristics including notch dependency during high temperature molding can be enhanced.
- the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention comprises at least a polycarbonate resin (A), an organic sulfonic acid metal salt (B), a fluoropolymer (C), and a polyalkylsilsesquioxane having an average particle size of 0.6 to 5 ⁇ m. It contains particles (D) and a graft copolymer (E) having a butadiene content of 50% or more. Moreover, the polycarbonate resin composition of this invention may contain the other component as needed.
- Polycarbonate resin There is no restriction
- one type of polycarbonate resin may be used, or two or more types may be used in any combination and in any ratio.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention is a polymer having a basic structure having a carbonic acid bond represented by the following general formula (1).
- X 1 is generally a hydrocarbon residue, but a hetero atom and / or a hetero bond may be introduced for imparting various properties.
- the polycarbonate resin can be classified into an aromatic polycarbonate resin in which the carbon directly bonded to the carbonic acid bond is an aromatic carbon, and an aliphatic polycarbonate resin in which the carbon is an aliphatic carbon, either of which can be used.
- aromatic polycarbonate resins are preferred from the viewpoints of heat resistance, mechanical properties, electrical characteristics, and the like.
- the polycarbonate polymer formed by making a dihydroxy compound and a carbonate precursor react is mentioned.
- a polyhydroxy compound or the like may be reacted.
- a method of reacting carbon dioxide with a cyclic ether using a carbonate precursor may be used.
- the polycarbonate polymer may be linear or branched.
- the polycarbonate polymer may be a homopolymer composed of one type of repeating unit or a copolymer having two or more types of repeating units.
- the copolymer can be selected from various copolymerization forms such as a random copolymer and a block copolymer.
- such a polycarbonate polymer is a thermoplastic resin.
- aromatic dihydroxy compounds among monomers used as raw materials for aromatic polycarbonate resins are:
- Dihydroxybenzenes such as 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene (ie, resorcinol), 1,4-dihydroxybenzene;
- Dihydroxybiphenyls such as 2,5-dihydroxybiphenyl, 2,2'-dihydroxybiphenyl, 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl;
- 2,2′-dihydroxy-1,1′-binaphthyl 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1, , 7-dihydroxynaphthalene, dihydroxynaphthalene such as 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene;
- 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane ie, bisphenol A
- 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane 2,2-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2- (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 1,1-bis (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3-cyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2- (3-cyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1,4-diisopropylbenzene, 1,3-bis [2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-propyl] benzene, Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)
- 1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclopentane 1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3-dimethylcyclohexane, 1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,4-dimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,5-dimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-propyl-5-methylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-tert-butyl-cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-ter
- Cardostructure-containing bisphenols such as 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene and 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) fluorene;
- Dihydroxy diaryl sulfides such as 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfide, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl sulfide;
- Dihydroxydiaryl sulfoxides such as 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfoxide, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl sulfoxide;
- Dihydroxydiaryl sulfones such as 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenylsulfone;
- bis (hydroxyaryl) alkanes are preferred, and bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) alkanes are preferred, and 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (ie, in terms of impact resistance and heat resistance) Bisphenol A) is preferred.
- 1 type may be used for an aromatic dihydroxy compound and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- Examples of monomers used as raw materials for aliphatic polycarbonate resins include ethane-1,2-diol, propane-1,2-diol, propane-1,3-diol, 2,2-dimethylpropane-1, 3-diol, 2-methyl-2-propylpropane-1,3-diol, butane-1,4-diol, pentane-1,5-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, decane-1,10-diol Alkanediols such as
- Glycols such as 2,2'-oxydiethanol (ie, ethylene glycol), diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, spiro glycol and the like;
- 1,2-epoxyethane ie ethylene oxide
- 1,2-epoxypropane ie propylene oxide
- 1,2-epoxycyclopentane 1,2-epoxycyclohexane
- 1,4-epoxycyclohexane 1-methyl -Cyclic ethers such as 1,2-epoxycyclohexane, 2,3-epoxynorbornane, 1,3-epoxypropane;
- carbonyl halides, carbonate esters and the like are used as examples of carbonate precursors.
- 1 type may be used for a carbonate precursor and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- carbonyl halide examples include phosgene; haloformates such as a bischloroformate of a dihydroxy compound and a monochloroformate of a dihydroxy compound.
- carbonate esters include diaryl carbonates such as diphenyl carbonate and ditolyl carbonate; dialkyl carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate; biscarbonate bodies of dihydroxy compounds, monocarbonate bodies of dihydroxy compounds, and cyclic carbonates. And carbonate bodies of dihydroxy compounds such as
- the manufacturing method of polycarbonate resin is not specifically limited, Arbitrary methods are employable. Examples thereof include an interfacial polymerization method, a melt transesterification method, a pyridine method, a ring-opening polymerization method of a cyclic carbonate compound, and a solid phase transesterification method of a prepolymer.
- the interfacial polymerization method is preferred.
- a particularly preferable one of these methods will be specifically described.
- a polycarbonate resin is produced by the interfacial polymerization method.
- a dihydroxy compound and a carbonate precursor preferably phosgene
- an organic solvent inert to the reaction and an aqueous alkaline solution, usually at a pH of 9 or higher.
- Polycarbonate resin is obtained by interfacial polymerization in the presence.
- a molecular weight adjusting agent may be present as necessary, or an antioxidant may be present to prevent the oxidation of the dihydroxy compound.
- the dihydroxy compound and the carbonate precursor are as described above.
- phosgene is preferably used, and a method using phosgene is particularly called a phosgene method.
- organic solvent inert to the reaction examples include chlorinated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, monochlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; It is done.
- 1 type may be used for an organic solvent and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- alkali compound contained in the alkaline aqueous solution examples include alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, and sodium hydrogen carbonate, among which sodium hydroxide and water Potassium oxide is preferred.
- alkali compound may use 1 type and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the concentration of the alkali compound in the alkaline aqueous solution is not limited, but it is usually used at 5 to 10% by mass in order to control the pH in the alkaline aqueous solution of the reaction to 10 to 12.
- the molar ratio of the bisphenol compound to the alkali compound is usually 1: 1.9 or more in order to control the pH of the aqueous phase to be 10 to 12, preferably 10 to 11.
- the ratio is 1: 2.0 or more, usually 1: 3.2 or less, and more preferably 1: 2.5 or less.
- polymerization catalyst examples include aliphatic tertiary amines such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, tripropylamine, and trihexylamine; alicyclic rings such as N, N′-dimethylcyclohexylamine and N, N′-diethylcyclohexylamine Tertiary amines; aromatic tertiary amines such as N, N′-dimethylaniline and N, N′-diethylaniline; quaternary ammonium salts such as trimethylbenzylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, triethylbenzylammonium chloride, etc. Pyridine; guanine; guanidine salt; and the like.
- 1 type may be used for a polymerization catalyst and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the molecular weight regulator examples include aromatic phenols having a monohydric phenolic hydroxyl group; aliphatic alcohols such as methanol and butanol; mercaptans; phthalimides and the like, among which aromatic phenols are preferred.
- aromatic phenols include alkyl groups such as m-methylphenol, p-methylphenol, m-propylphenol, p-propylphenol, p-tert-butylphenol, and p-long chain alkyl-substituted phenol.
- a molecular weight regulator may use 1 type and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the amount used of the molecular weight regulator is usually 0.5 mol or more, preferably 1 mol or more, and usually 50 mol or less, preferably 30 mol or less, per 100 mol of the dihydroxy compound.
- the order of mixing the reaction substrate, reaction medium, catalyst, additive and the like is arbitrary as long as a desired polycarbonate resin is obtained, and an appropriate order may be arbitrarily set.
- the molecular weight regulator can be mixed at any time as long as it is between the reaction (phosgenation) of the dihydroxy compound and phosgene and the start of the polymerization reaction.
- the reaction temperature is usually 0 to 40 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually several minutes (for example, 10 minutes) to several hours (for example, 6 hours).
- melt transesterification method for example, a transesterification reaction between a carbonic acid diester and a dihydroxy compound is performed.
- the dihydroxy compound is as described above.
- examples of the carbonic acid diester include dialkyl carbonate compounds such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and di-tert-butyl carbonate; diphenyl carbonate; substituted diphenyl carbonate such as ditolyl carbonate, and the like. Among these, diphenyl carbonate and substituted diphenyl carbonate are preferable, and diphenyl carbonate is more preferable.
- 1 type may be used for carbonic acid diester, and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the ratio of the dihydroxy compound and the carbonic acid diester is arbitrary as long as the desired polycarbonate resin can be obtained, but it is preferable to use an equimolar amount or more of the carbonic acid diester with respect to 1 mol of the dihydroxy compound. Is more preferable.
- the upper limit is usually 1.30 mol or less. By setting it as such a range, the amount of terminal hydroxyl groups can be adjusted to a suitable range.
- the amount of terminal hydroxyl groups tends to have a large effect on thermal stability, hydrolysis stability, color tone, and the like. For this reason, you may adjust the amount of terminal hydroxyl groups as needed by a well-known arbitrary method.
- a polycarbonate resin in which the amount of terminal hydroxyl groups is adjusted can be usually obtained by adjusting the mixing ratio of the carbonic diester and the aromatic dihydroxy compound; the degree of vacuum during the transesterification reaction, and the like.
- the molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin usually obtained can also be adjusted by this operation.
- the mixing ratio is as described above.
- a more aggressive adjustment method there may be mentioned a method in which a terminal terminator is mixed separately during the reaction.
- the terminal terminator at this time include monohydric phenols, monovalent carboxylic acids, carbonic acid diesters, and the like.
- 1 type may be used for a terminal terminator and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- a transesterification catalyst is usually used. Any transesterification catalyst can be used. Among them, it is preferable to use, for example, an alkali metal compound and / or an alkaline earth metal compound. In addition, auxiliary compounds such as basic boron compounds, basic phosphorus compounds, basic ammonium compounds, and amine compounds may be used in combination. In addition, 1 type may be used for a transesterification catalyst and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually 100 to 320 ° C.
- the pressure during the reaction is usually a reduced pressure condition of 2 mmHg or less.
- a melt polycondensation reaction may be performed under the above-mentioned conditions while removing a by-product such as an aromatic hydroxy compound.
- the melt polycondensation reaction can be performed by either a batch method or a continuous method.
- the order which mixes a reaction substrate, a reaction medium, a catalyst, an additive, etc. is arbitrary as long as a desired aromatic polycarbonate resin is obtained, What is necessary is just to set an appropriate order arbitrarily.
- the melt polycondensation reaction is preferably carried out continuously.
- a catalyst deactivator may be used as necessary.
- a compound that neutralizes the transesterification catalyst can be arbitrarily used. Examples thereof include sulfur-containing acidic compounds and derivatives thereof.
- a catalyst deactivator may use 1 type and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the amount of the catalyst deactivator used is usually 0.5 equivalents or more, preferably 1 equivalent or more, and usually 10 equivalents or less, relative to the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal contained in the transesterification catalyst. Preferably it is 5 equivalents or less. Furthermore, it is 1 ppm or more normally with respect to aromatic polycarbonate resin, and is 100 ppm or less normally, Preferably it is 20 ppm or less.
- the molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin is arbitrary and may be appropriately selected and determined, but the viscosity average molecular weight [Mv] converted from the solution viscosity is usually 10,000 or more, preferably 16000 or more, more preferably Is 17000 or more, and is usually 40000 or less, preferably 30000 or less, more preferably 24000 or less.
- the viscosity average molecular weight By setting the viscosity average molecular weight to be equal to or higher than the lower limit of the above range, the mechanical strength of the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention can be further improved, which is more preferable when used for applications requiring high mechanical strength.
- the viscosity average molecular weight can be equal to or lower than the upper limit of the above range, the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention can be suppressed and improved in fluidity, and the molding processability can be improved and the molding process can be easily performed.
- Two or more types of polycarbonate resins having different viscosity average molecular weights may be mixed and used, and in this case, a polycarbonate resin having a viscosity average molecular weight outside the above-mentioned preferred range may be mixed.
- the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] is a value calculated from the following equation by measuring the specific viscosity [ ⁇ sp ] at each solution concentration [C] (g / dl).
- the terminal hydroxyl group concentration of the polycarbonate resin is arbitrary and may be appropriately selected and determined, but is usually 1000 ppm or less, preferably 800 ppm or less, more preferably 600 ppm or less. Thereby, the residence heat stability and color tone of the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention can be further improved.
- the lower limit is usually 10 ppm or more, preferably 30 ppm or more, more preferably 40 ppm or more, particularly for polycarbonate resins produced by the melt transesterification method. Thereby, the fall of molecular weight can be suppressed and the mechanical characteristic of the polycarbonate resin composition of this invention can be improved more.
- the unit of the terminal hydroxyl group concentration is the weight of the terminal hydroxyl group expressed in ppm relative to the weight of the polycarbonate resin.
- the measuring method is a colorimetric determination by the titanium tetrachloride / acetic acid method (method described in Macromol. Chem. 88 215 (1965)).
- the polycarbonate resin is a polycarbonate resin alone (the polycarbonate resin alone is not limited to an embodiment containing only one type of polycarbonate resin, and is used in a sense including an embodiment containing a plurality of types of polycarbonate resins having different monomer compositions and molecular weights, for example. .), Or an alloy (mixture) of a polycarbonate resin and another thermoplastic resin may be used in combination.
- a polycarbonate resin is copolymerized with an oligomer or polymer having a siloxane structure; for the purpose of further improving thermal oxidation stability and flame retardancy
- the polycarbonate resin may contain a polycarbonate oligomer.
- the viscosity average molecular weight [Mv] of this polycarbonate oligomer is usually 1500 or more, preferably 2000 or more, and is usually 9500 or less, preferably 9000 or less.
- the polycarbonate ligomer contained is preferably 30% by mass or less of the polycarbonate resin (including the polycarbonate oligomer).
- the polycarbonate resin may be not only a virgin raw material but also a polycarbonate resin regenerated from a used product (so-called material-recycled polycarbonate resin).
- used products include: optical recording media such as optical disks; light guide plates; vehicle window glass, vehicle headlamp lenses, windshields and other vehicle transparent members; water bottles and other containers; eyeglass lenses; Examples include architectural members such as glass windows and corrugated sheets.
- non-conforming products, pulverized products obtained from sprues, runners, etc., or pellets obtained by melting them can be used.
- the regenerated polycarbonate resin is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, among the polycarbonate resins contained in the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention. Since the recycled polycarbonate resin is likely to have undergone deterioration such as heat deterioration and aging deterioration, when such a polycarbonate resin is used more than the above range, the hue and mechanical properties may be lowered. It is because there is sex.
- the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention contains an organic sulfonic acid metal salt.
- the flame retardance of the polycarbonate resin composition of this invention can be improved by containing an organic sulfonic acid metal salt.
- the types of metals possessed by organic sulfonic acid metal salts include alkali metals such as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs); magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca ), Alkaline earth metals such as strontium (Sr), barium (Ba); and aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), molybdenum (Mo) and the like can be mentioned, among which alkali metals or alkaline earth metals are preferable.
- alkali metals such as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs
- Alkaline earth metals such as strontium (Sr), barium (Ba); and aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), iron (Fe), cobal
- the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention can promote the formation of a carbonized layer at the time of combustion, can further increase the flame retardancy, and the mechanical properties such as impact resistance of the polycarbonate resin, heat resistance, electrical characteristics, etc. This is because the properties can be maintained well. Therefore, the organic sulfonic acid metal salt is preferably at least one metal salt compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts, more preferably alkali metal salts, sodium, potassium, cesium. Is particularly preferred.
- organic sulfonic acid metal salts examples include organic sulfonic acid lithium (Li) salt, organic sulfonic acid sodium (Na) salt, organic sulfonic acid potassium (K) salt, organic sulfonic acid rubidium (Rb) salt, Examples thereof include cesium (Cs) organic sulfonate, magnesium (Mg) organic sulfonate, calcium (Ca) organic sulfonate, strontium (Sr) organic sulfonate, and barium (Ba) organic sulfonate.
- organic sulfonic acid alkali metal salts such as organic sulfonic acid sodium (Na) salt, organic sulfonic acid potassium (K) salt compound, and organic sulfonic acid cesium (Cs) salt compound are particularly preferable.
- organic sulfonic acid metal salts include fluorine-containing aliphatic sulfonic acid metal salts, fluorine-containing aliphatic sulfonic acid imide metal salts, aromatic sulfonic acid metal salts, and aromatic sulfonamide metal salts. Is mentioned.
- preferable ones include potassium perfluorobutanesulfonate, lithium perfluorobutanesulfonate, sodium perfluorobutanesulfonate, cesium perfluorobutanesulfonate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate, Alkali metal salts of fluorine-containing aliphatic sulfonic acids having at least one C—F bond in the molecule, such as potassium trifluoromethanesulfonate, potassium perfluoroethanesulfonate, potassium perfluoropropanesulfonate;
- At least one C—F in the molecule such as magnesium perfluorobutane sulfonate, calcium perfluorobutane sulfonate, barium perfluorobutane sulfonate, magnesium trifluoromethane sulfonate, calcium trifluoromethane sulfonate, barium trifluoromethane sulfonate, etc.
- metal salts of aromatic sulfonamides such as alkali metal salts of aromatic sulfonamides having at least one aromatic group in the molecule, such as salts.
- fluorine-containing aliphatic sulfonic acid metal salts and aromatic sulfonic acid metal salts are more preferable, and fluorine-containing aliphatic sulfonic acid metal salts are particularly preferable.
- the fluorine-containing aliphatic sulfonic acid metal salt is more preferably an alkali metal salt of a fluorine-containing aliphatic sulfonic acid having at least one C—F bond in the molecule, and particularly preferably an alkali metal salt of perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid.
- potassium perfluorobutane sulfonate is preferred.
- an alkali metal salt of aromatic sulfonic acid is more preferable, and diphenylsulfone-sulfonic acid alkali metal such as diphenylsulfone-3,3′-disulfonic acid dipotassium and diphenylsulfone-3-sulfonic acid potassium.
- Particularly preferred are salts; sodium paratoluenesulfonate, and alkali metal salts of paratoluenesulfonic acid such as potassium paratoluenesulfonate and cesium paratoluenesulfonate, and more preferably alkali metal salts of paratoluenesulfonic acid.
- 1 type may be used for organic sulfonic acid metal salt, and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- a polymer type organic sulfonic acid metal salt may be used in addition to the above-mentioned organic sulfonic acid metal salt.
- examples of such polymer-type organic sulfonic acid metal salts include metal salts having a sulfonic acid alkali metal salt residue in a thermoplastic resin such as polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile-styrene, polycarbonate, and polyethylene terephthalate.
- the content of the organic sulfonic acid metal salt in the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention is 0.001 part by mass or more, preferably 0.01 part by mass or more, more preferably 0.03 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. Part or more, particularly preferably 0.05 part by weight or more, 2 parts by weight or less, preferably 1 part by weight or less, more preferably 0.5 parts by weight or less, particularly preferably 0.3 parts by weight or less. If the content of the organic sulfonic acid metal salt is too small, the flame retardancy of the obtained polycarbonate resin composition may be insufficient. Conversely, if the content is too large, the thermal stability of the polycarbonate resin is deteriorated and molded. The appearance of the product may deteriorate and the mechanical strength may decrease.
- Fluoropolymer There is no restriction
- fluoropolymers examples include fluoroolefin resins.
- the fluoroolefin resin is usually a polymer or copolymer containing a fluoroethylene structure. Specific examples include difluoroethylene resin, tetrafluoroethylene resin, tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer resin, tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer resin, and the like. Of these, tetrafluoroethylene resin and the like are preferable.
- the fluoroethylene resin include a fluoroethylene resin having a fibril forming ability.
- fluoroethylene resin having a fibril forming ability examples include “Teflon (registered trademark) 6J”, “Teflon (registered trademark) 640J” manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemical Co., Ltd., “Polyflon F201L”, “Polyfluorocarbon” manufactured by Daikin Chemical Industries, Ltd. F103 ",” Polyfluorocarbon FA500B "and the like.
- aqueous dispersions of fluoroethylene resin include, for example, “Teflon (registered trademark) 30J”, “Teflon (registered trademark) 31-JR” manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemical Co., Ltd., “Fluon D” manufactured by Daikin Chemical Industries, Ltd. -1 "and the like.
- a fluoroethylene polymer having a multilayer structure obtained by polymerizing vinyl monomers can also be used. Examples of such a fluoroethylene polymer include polystyrene-fluoroethylene composites, polystyrene-acrylonitrile-fluoroethylene.
- Examples include composites, polymethyl methacrylate-fluoroethylene composites, polybutyl methacrylate-fluoroethylene composites, etc. Specific examples include “Metablene A-3800” manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. and “Blendex” manufactured by GE Specialty Chemical Co., Ltd. 449 "and the like. In addition, 1 type may contain the dripping inhibitor and 2 or more types may contain it by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the fluoropolymer is usually 0.001 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.05 parts by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. It is usually 1 part by mass or less, preferably 1 part by mass or less, more preferably 0.75 part by mass or less.
- the fluoropolymer content is less than or equal to the lower limit of the above range, the flame retardancy effect due to the anti-drip agent may be insufficient, and the anti-drip agent content exceeds the upper limit of the above range. May cause a poor appearance or a decrease in mechanical strength of a molded product obtained by molding the polycarbonate resin composition.
- the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention contains polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles.
- the flame retardance of the polycarbonate resin composition of this invention can be improved by containing a polyalkylsilsesquioxane particle
- the impact resistance tends to decrease.
- the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles are contained. Impact resistance and long-term physical properties can also be improved.
- the polyalkylsilsesquioxane has moderate adhesion to the polycarbonate resin, so that when an impact is applied, the void is generated by interfacial debonding, thereby preventing the void from cracking, As a result, it is considered to work like an elastomer.
- the polyalkylsilsesquioxane of the present invention is sometimes referred to as a trifunctional siloxane unit (hereinafter referred to as “T unit”) represented by RSiO 1.5 (R is a monovalent organic group).
- T unit trifunctional siloxane unit
- R is a monovalent organic group
- M units, D units, T units, Q units more preferably 95 mol% or more, more preferably 100 mol% % Content.
- the M unit is a monofunctional siloxane unit represented by R 3 SiO 0.5 (R is a monovalent organic group)
- the D unit is R 2 SiO 1.0 (R is a monovalent organic group).
- the bifunctional siloxane unit represented is represented, and the Q unit represents a tetrafunctional siloxane unit represented by SiO 2.0 (R is a monovalent organic group).
- the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles of the present invention may contain M units in addition to the T units. By containing M units in this manner, the heat resistance of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles themselves is improved, and the thermal stability and hue of the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention may be good.
- Examples of the organic group R bonded to the polyalkylsilsesquioxane include an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a hexyl group, a decyl group, an octyl group, a dodecyl group, and an octadecyl group. Is preferred.
- the organic group R is preferably a methyl group because the heat resistance of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane itself is improved and the thermal stability of the polycarbonate resin of the present invention tends to be improved.
- the average particle size of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane used in the present invention is usually 0.6 ⁇ m or more, preferably 0.7 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, and usually 5 ⁇ m or less, preferably 4 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or less.
- Those having an average particle size of less than 0.6 ⁇ m are not preferable because the aggregation property of polyalkylsilsesquioxane is increased and the dispersibility in the polycarbonate resin is inferior, so that the flame retardancy tends to decrease.
- those having an average particle size of more than 5 ⁇ m are not preferred because the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention tends to have a reduced impact resistance and cause poor appearance. Furthermore, since the surface area of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane is remarkably reduced, the flame retardancy tends to decrease, which is not preferable. This is because, as a mechanism for improving the flame retardancy of the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention, on the surface of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles, the above-described organic sulfonic acid metal salt and the graft copolymer butadiene described later are used. This is thought to be due to a specific reaction that improves flame retardancy.
- the average particle diameter of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles is a volume average particle diameter measured by a Coulter counter method.
- the Coulter counter method the electrolyte in which sample particles are suspended is passed through pores (apertures), and the changes in voltage pulses that occur in proportion to the volume of the particles are read to quantify the particle size.
- the volume distribution histogram of the sample particles can be obtained by measuring the voltage pulse height one by one. Such particle size or particle size distribution measurement by the Coulter counter method is most frequently used as a particle size distribution measuring device.
- the particle size of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles is measured using a particle size distribution measuring device Multisizer 4 manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc., using a dispersion medium ISOTON II, an aperture diameter of 20 ⁇ m, a dispersant ethanol, an ultrasonic treatment 3 Measure in minutes.
- the measurement is performed within a diameter range of 0.4 to 12 ⁇ m. Defined.
- a preferable polyalkylsilsesquioxane as described above can be produced by a known method.
- organotrialkoxysilane is hydrolyzed under acidic conditions to water the organosilanetriol.
- it is obtained by adding and mixing an alkaline aqueous solution to water / organic solvent and polycondensing organosilane triol in a stationary state.
- the particle size can be adjusted mainly by adjusting the pH of the aqueous alkali solution. If small particles are to be obtained, the pH is increased, and if large particles are to be obtained, the pH is decreased to reduce the particle size.
- the condensation reaction is usually carried out in the range of 0.5 to 10 hours, preferably 0.5 to 5 hours after alkali addition, and the condensate is aged. By preventing the association of particles, the particle size and particle size distribution can be adjusted.
- the obtained polyorganosiloxane particles may be further pulverized to adjust the particle size.
- the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles can also be obtained by specifying the specifications of the desired particle size and distribution to the manufacturer.
- the content of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles is usually 0.5 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.75 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. It is not more than part by mass, preferably not more than 4 parts by mass, more preferably not more than 3.5 parts by mass.
- the content of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles is not more than the lower limit of the above range, the effect of improving the flame retardancy may be insufficient, and the content of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles is within the above range.
- the upper limit of the above is exceeded, there is a possibility that not only the appearance defect and the impact resistance of the molded article molded from the polycarbonate resin composition may be deteriorated, but also the flame retardancy tends to be lowered.
- the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention contains a graft copolymer containing a predetermined amount of butadiene.
- a graft copolymer containing butadiene is an additive that is easily combusted and is inferior in so-called flame retardancy.
- the graft copolymer of the present invention is a graft copolymer of a rubber component containing at least a butadiene component and a monomer component copolymerizable therewith.
- the rubber component generally has a glass transition temperature of 0 ° C. or lower, preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or lower.
- Specific examples of the rubber component include polybutadiene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, polybutyl acrylate and poly (2-ethylhexyl acrylate), polyalkyl acrylate rubber such as butyl acrylate / 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate copolymer, and polyorganosiloxane rubber.
- Ethylene- ⁇ olefins such as silicone rubber, butadiene-acrylic composite rubber, IPN composite rubber made of polyorganosiloxane rubber and polyalkylacrylate rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-butene rubber, ethylene-octene rubber And rubbers such as ethylene-acrylic rubber and fluororubber. These may be used alone or in admixture of two or more. However, it is necessary to contain a predetermined amount of butadiene. Among these, polybutadiene rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber are preferable from the viewpoint of mechanical properties and surface appearance.
- the monomer component that can be graft copolymerized with the rubber component include aromatic vinyl compounds, vinyl cyanide compounds, (meth) acrylic acid ester compounds, (meth) acrylic acid compounds, glycidyl (meth) acrylates, and the like.
- These monomer components may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aromatic vinyl compounds, vinyl cyanide compounds, (meth) acrylic acid ester compounds, and (meth) acrylic acid compounds are preferable from the viewpoint of mechanical properties and surface appearance, and (meth) acrylic acid esters are more preferable.
- Specific examples of the (meth) acrylate compound include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, and the like. be able to.
- these graft copolymers include methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer (MBS), methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (MABS), and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS). ), Methyl methacrylate-butadiene copolymer (MB), methyl methacrylate-acrylic butadiene rubber copolymer, methyl methacrylate-acrylic butadiene rubber-styrene copolymer, and the like.
- Such rubbery polymers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the graft copolymer used in the present invention is preferably of the core / shell type graft copolymer type from the viewpoint of impact resistance and surface appearance.
- a core / shell type graft copolymer comprising a shell layer formed by using polybutadiene-containing rubber as a core layer and copolymerizing (meth) acrylic acid ester around it is particularly preferable.
- the method for producing the graft copolymer may be any method such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and the copolymerization method may be single-stage graft or multi-stage graft. Good.
- the butadiene content of the graft copolymer of the present invention is usually 50% by mass or more, preferably 55% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, and usually 95% by mass or less, preferably 90% by mass or less, more preferably. Is 85 mass% or less.
- the butadiene content is lower than the lower limit, the effect of improving flame retardancy may be insufficient, and if the butadiene content exceeds the upper limit of the above range, the graft copolymer into the polycarbonate resin The dispersibility is extremely lowered, and there is a possibility that the impact resistance of the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention is lowered and the appearance is deteriorated.
- graft copolymers examples include ABS resins such as “CHT” manufactured by Chail Industries, “B602” manufactured by UMGABS, “Paraloid EXL2602”, “Paraloid EXL2603” manufactured by Rohm and Haas Japan. "Paraloid EXL2655”, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., “Metablene C-223A”, “Metablene E-901”, Gantz Kasei "Staffyroid IM-601", Kaneka “Kaneace M-511", “Kaneace M” Core / shell graft copolymers such as “ ⁇ 600”.
- the content of the graft copolymer is usually 0.5 parts by mass or more, preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 1.5 parts by mass or more, and usually 8 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. Part or less, preferably 7 parts by weight or less, more preferably 6 parts by weight or less, particularly preferably 8 parts by weight or less, and most preferably 4.5 parts by weight or less. If the content of the graft copolymer is less than or equal to the lower limit of the above range, the effect of improving the flame retardancy and impact resistance of the graft copolymer may be insufficient, and the content of the graft copolymer may be insufficient.
- the content ratio (mass ratio) of the polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles (D) and the graft copolymer (E) is preferably 1: 0.5 to 1: 6.
- a ratio of 1: 0.8 to 1: 2.5 is more preferable.
- Carbon black (F) used in the present invention is not limited in its production method, raw material type, etc., and any conventionally known one such as oil furnace black, channel black, acetylene black, ketjen black, etc. is used. can do. Among these, oil furnace black is preferable from the viewpoint of colorability and cost.
- the average particle size of the carbon black used in the present invention may be appropriately selected and determined, but is preferably 5 to 60 nm, more preferably 7 to 55 nm, and particularly preferably 10 to 50 nm. By setting the average particle diameter within the above range, the aggregation of carbon black is suppressed and the appearance tends to be improved.
- the average particle diameter of carbon black can be obtained using a transmission electron microscope.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of carbon black used in the present invention is usually preferably less than 1000 m 2 / g, and more preferably 50 to 400 m 2 / g. Setting the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area to less than 1000 m 2 / g is preferred because the flowability of the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention and the appearance of the molded product tend to be improved.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area can be measured according to JIS K6217 (unit: m 2 / g).
- the DBP absorption of carbon black is preferably less than 300 cm 3/100 g, is preferably Among them 30 ⁇ 200cm 3 / 100g.
- the DBP absorption amount by less than 300 cm 3/100 g, preferably tends to increase the appearance of fluidity and a molded article of the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention.
- DBP absorption amount can be measured according to JIS K6217 (unit cm 3 / 100g).
- the carbon black used in the present invention is not particularly limited in pH, but is usually 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 9, and more preferably 4 to 8.
- the carbon black used in the present invention can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, carbon black can be granulated using a binder, and can also be used in a masterbatch that is melt-kneaded at a high concentration in another resin. By using the melt-kneaded master batch, the handling property during extrusion and the dispersibility improvement in the resin composition can be achieved.
- the resin include polystyrene resin, polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, and the like.
- Preferred carbon black master batches include carbon black / polystyrene master batches based on polystyrene and carbon black-polycarbonate oligomer master batches based on polycarbonate oligomers. In the case of carbon black / masterbatch, the carbon black content is preferably 20 to 50%.
- the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention may contain other components in addition to those described above as necessary as long as the desired physical properties are not significantly impaired.
- the components A) to (F) preferably account for 90% by mass or more of the weight of the composition.
- examples of other components include resins other than polycarbonate resins and various resin additives.
- 1 type may contain other components and 2 or more types may contain them by arbitrary combinations and ratios.
- thermoplastic polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate resin, polytrimethylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate resin; polystyrene resin, high impact polystyrene resin (HIPS), acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer ( AS resins), styrene resins such as acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic rubber copolymers (ASA resins), acrylonitrile-ethylenepropylene rubber-styrene copolymers (AES resins); polyolefin resins such as polyethylene resins and polypropylene resins; polyamides Resin; Polyimide resin; Polyetherimide resin; Polyurethane resin; Polyphenylene ether resin; Polyphenylene sulfide resin; Polysulfone resin; Etc.
- 1 type may contain other resin and 2 or more types may contain it by arbitrary combinations and ratios. These resin components are preferably 10 parts
- resin additives include heat stabilizers, antioxidants, mold release agents, UV absorbers, dyes and pigments, flame retardants, anti-dripping agents, antistatic agents, antifogging agents, lubricants, and anti-blocking agents. Agents, fluidity improvers, plasticizers, dispersants, antibacterial agents and the like.
- 1 type may contain resin additive and 2 or more types may contain it by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- Heat stabilizer examples include phosphorus compounds. Any known phosphorous compound can be used. Specific examples include phosphorus oxo acids such as phosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, phosphorous acid, phosphinic acid, and polyphosphoric acid; acidic pyrophosphate metal salts such as acidic sodium pyrophosphate, acidic potassium pyrophosphate, and acidic calcium pyrophosphate; phosphoric acid Group 1 or Group 2B metal phosphates such as potassium, sodium phosphate, cesium phosphate and zinc phosphate; organic phosphate compounds, organic phosphite compounds, organic phosphonite compounds, etc. Particularly preferred.
- phosphorus compounds Any known phosphorous compound can be used. Specific examples include phosphorus oxo acids such as phosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, phosphorous acid, phosphinic acid, and polyphosphoric acid; acidic pyrophosphate metal salts such as acidic sodium pyrophosphate, acidic potassium pyrophosphate, and acidic calcium
- Organic phosphite compounds include triphenyl phosphite, tris (monononylphenyl) phosphite, tris (monononyl / dinonyl phenyl) phosphite, tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, monooctyl Diphenyl phosphite, dioctyl monophenyl phosphite, monodecyl diphenyl phosphite, didecyl monophenyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, tristearyl phosphite, 2,2-methylene bis (4,6-di- tert-butylphenyl) octyl phosphite and the like.
- organic phosphite compounds include, for example, “Adeka Stub 1178”, “Adeka Stub 2112”, “Adeka Stub HP-10” manufactured by Adeka, “JP-351”, “ JP-360 ”,“ JP-3CP ”,“ Irgaphos 168 ”manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, and the like.
- 1 type may contain the heat stabilizer and 2 or more types may contain it by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the heat stabilizer is usually 0.001 part by mass or more, preferably 0.01 part by mass or more, more preferably 0.03 part by mass or more, based on 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. It is not more than part by mass, preferably not more than 0.7 part by mass, more preferably not more than 0.5 part by mass. If the heat stabilizer content is less than or equal to the lower limit of the range, the heat stability effect may be insufficient, and if the heat stabilizer content exceeds the upper limit value of the range, the effect reaches a peak. And may become less economical.
- antioxidants include hindered phenol antioxidants. Specific examples thereof include pentaerythritol tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl).
- phenolic antioxidants include “Irganox 1010” and “Irganox 1076” manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Inc., “Adekastab AO-50” and “Adekastab” manufactured by Adeka. AO-60 "and the like.
- 1 type may contain antioxidant and 2 or more types may contain it by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the antioxidant is usually 0.001 part by mass or more, preferably 0.01 part by mass or more, and usually 1 part by mass or less, preferably 0.5 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. Or less.
- the content of the antioxidant is less than or equal to the lower limit of the range, the effect as an antioxidant may be insufficient, and when the content of the antioxidant exceeds the upper limit of the range, There is a possibility that the effect reaches its peak and is not economical.
- release agent examples include aliphatic carboxylic acids, esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids and alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds having a number average molecular weight of 200 to 15000, polysiloxane silicone oil, and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the aliphatic carboxylic acid examples include saturated or unsaturated aliphatic monovalent, divalent, or trivalent carboxylic acids.
- the aliphatic carboxylic acid includes alicyclic carboxylic acid.
- preferred aliphatic carboxylic acids are monovalent or divalent carboxylic acids having 6 to 36 carbon atoms, and aliphatic saturated monovalent carboxylic acids having 6 to 36 carbon atoms are more preferred.
- aliphatic carboxylic acids include palmitic acid, stearic acid, caproic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, serotic acid, mellicic acid, tetrariacontanoic acid, montanic acid, adipine Examples include acids and azelaic acid.
- an aliphatic carboxylic acid in the ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid and an alcohol for example, the same one as the aliphatic carboxylic acid can be used.
- the alcohol include saturated or unsaturated monohydric or polyhydric alcohols. These alcohols may have a substituent such as a fluorine atom or an aryl group. Among these, monovalent or polyvalent saturated alcohols having 30 or less carbon atoms are preferable, and aliphatic saturated monohydric alcohols or aliphatic saturated polyhydric alcohols having 30 or less carbon atoms are more preferable.
- an aliphatic includes an alicyclic compound here.
- alcohols include octanol, decanol, dodecanol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol, 2,2-dihydroxyperfluoropropanol, neopentylene glycol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol and the like. Is mentioned.
- said ester may contain aliphatic carboxylic acid and / or alcohol as an impurity.
- said ester may be a pure substance, it may be a mixture of a plurality of compounds.
- the aliphatic carboxylic acid and alcohol which combine to form one ester may be used alone or in combination of two or more in any combination and ratio.
- esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids and alcohols include beeswax (a mixture based on myricyl palmitate), stearyl stearate, behenyl behenate, stearyl behenate, glycerin monopalmitate, glycerin monostearate
- esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids and alcohols include beeswax (a mixture based on myricyl palmitate), stearyl stearate, behenyl behenate, stearyl behenate, glycerin monopalmitate, glycerin monostearate
- examples thereof include rate, glycerol distearate, glycerol tristearate, pentaerythritol monopalmitate, pentaerythritol monostearate, pentaerythritol distearate, pentaerythritol tristearate, pentaerythritol tetrastea
- Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon having a number average molecular weight of 200 to 15000 include liquid paraffin, paraffin wax, microwax, polyethylene wax, Fischer-Tropsch wax, and ⁇ -olefin oligomer having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon includes alicyclic hydrocarbons. Further, these hydrocarbons may be partially oxidized.
- paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, or a partial oxide of polyethylene wax is preferable, and paraffin wax and polyethylene wax are more preferable.
- the number average molecular weight of the aliphatic hydrocarbon is preferably 5000 or less.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon may be a single substance, but even a mixture of various constituent components and molecular weights can be used as long as the main component is within the above range.
- polysiloxane silicone oil examples include dimethyl silicone oil, methylphenyl silicone oil, diphenyl silicone oil, and fluorinated alkyl silicone.
- 1 type may contain the mold release agent mentioned above, and 2 or more types may contain it by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the release agent is usually 0.001 part by mass or more, preferably 0.01 part by mass or more, and usually 2 parts by mass or less, preferably 1 part by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. It is. When the content of the release agent is not more than the lower limit of the above range, the effect of releasability may not be sufficient, and when the content of the release agent exceeds the upper limit of the above range, hydrolysis resistance And mold contamination during injection molding may occur.
- UV absorbers examples include inorganic ultraviolet absorbers such as cerium oxide and zinc oxide; benzotriazole compounds, benzophenone compounds, salicylate compounds, cyanoacrylate compounds, triazine compounds, oxanilide compounds, malonic acid Examples thereof include organic ultraviolet absorbers such as ester compounds and hindered amine compounds. In these, an organic ultraviolet absorber is preferable and a benzotriazole compound is more preferable. By selecting the organic ultraviolet absorber, the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention has good transparency and mechanical properties.
- benzotriazole compound examples include, for example, 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- [2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-bis ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl). ) Phenyl] -benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) -benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-tert-butyl-5 ′) -Methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole), 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ', 5'-di-tert-amyl) -benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-octylphenyl) benzotriazole, , 2'-methylenebis [4-(2-
- Such a benzotriazole compound examples include “Seesorb 701”, “Seesorb 705”, “Seesorb 703”, “Seesorb 702”, “Seesorb 704”, and “Seesorb 709” manufactured by Sipro Kasei Co., Ltd. “Biosorb 520”, “Biosorb 582”, “Biosorb 580”, “Biosorb 583” manufactured by Yakuhin Kagaku Co., Ltd. “Chemisorb 71”, “Chemisorb 72” manufactured by Chemipro Kasei Co., Ltd.
- benzophenone compound examples include 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid, and 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy.
- benzophenone compounds include “Seesorb 100”, “Seesorb 101”, “Seesorb 101S”, “Seesorb 102”, and “Seesorb 102” manufactured by Cypro Kasei Co., Ltd. Seesorve 103 ", joint “Biosorb 100”, “Biosorb 110”, “Biosorb 130”, Chemipro Kasei “Chemsorb 10”, “Chemsorb 11”, “Chemsorb 11S”, “Chemsorb 12”, “Chemsorb 13”, “Chemsorb 111” BASF “Ubinur 400”, BASF “Ubinur M-40”, BASF “Ubinur MS-40”, Cytec Industries “Thiasorb UV9”, “Thiasorb UV284”, “Thiasorb UV531”, “ Siasorb UV24 ”,“ Adeka Stub 1413 ”,“ Adeka Stub LA-51 ”manufactured by Adeka Corporation and the like.
- salicylate compound examples include, for example, phenyl salicylate, 4-tert-butylphenyl salicylate and the like.
- Specific examples of such salicylate compounds include, for example, “Seesorb 201” and “Seesorb” manufactured by Sipro Kasei Co., Ltd. 202 ”,“ Kemisorb 21 ”,“ Kemisorb 22 ”manufactured by Chemipro Kasei Co., Ltd., and the like.
- cyanoacrylate compound examples include, for example, ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylate, and the like.
- easorb 501 manufactured by Sipro Kasei Co., Ltd.
- Biosorb 910 manufactured by Kyodo Yakuhin Co., Ltd.
- Ubisolator 300 manufactured by Daiichi Kasei Co., Ltd.
- Ubinur N-35 “Ubinur N-N-” manufactured by BASF 539 "and the like.
- triazine compound examples include a compound having a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton.
- Specific examples of such a triazine compound include, for example, “LA-46” manufactured by Adeka Corporation, Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd. “Tinuvin 1577ED”, “tinuvin 400”, “tinuvin 405”, “tinuvin 460”, “tinuvin 477-DW”, “tinuvin 479”, and the like are available.
- oxanilide compound examples include, for example, 2-ethoxy-2′-ethyl oxalinic acid bis-arinide and the like.
- oxalinide compound examples include “Sanduboa” manufactured by Clariant Corporation. VSU "etc. are mentioned.
- malonic acid ester compound 2- (alkylidene) malonic acid esters are preferable, and 2- (1-arylalkylidene) malonic acid esters are more preferable.
- Specific examples of such a malonic acid ester compound include “PR-25” manufactured by Clariant Japan, “B-CAP” manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, and the like.
- the content of the ultraviolet absorber is usually 0.01 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, and usually 3 parts by mass or less, preferably 1 part by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. It is. If the content of the UV absorber is below the lower limit of the above range, the effect of improving the weather resistance may be insufficient, and if the content of the UV absorber exceeds the upper limit of the above range, the mold Debogit etc. may occur and cause mold contamination.
- 1 type may contain the ultraviolet absorber and 2 or more types may contain it by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- Dye / pigment examples include inorganic pigments, organic pigments, and organic dyes.
- Inorganic pigments include, for example, sulfide pigments such as cadmium red and cadmium yellow; silicate pigments such as ultramarine blue; titanium oxide, zinc white, petal, chromium oxide, iron black, titanium yellow, zinc-iron brown , Titanium-cobalt green, cobalt green, cobalt blue, oxide-based pigments such as copper-chromium black, copper-iron-based black; chromic pigments such as yellow lead and molybdate orange; ferrocyan pigments such as bitumen Etc.
- organic pigments and organic dyes include phthalocyanine dyes such as copper phthalocyanine blue and copper phthalocyanine green; azo dyes such as nickel azo yellow; thioindigo, perinone, perylene, quinacridone, dioxazine, iso Examples thereof include condensed polycyclic dyes such as indolinone and quinophthalone; anthraquinone, heterocyclic and methyl dyes.
- titanium oxide, cyanine-based, quinoline-based, anthraquinone-based, and phthalocyanine-based compounds are preferable from the viewpoint of thermal stability.
- 1 type may contain the dye / pigment, and 2 or more types may contain it by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the dye / pigment is usually 5 parts by mass or less, preferably 3 parts by mass or less, more preferably 2 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polycarbonate resin. If the content of the dye / pigment is too large, the impact resistance may not be sufficient.
- a mixer such as a Banbury mixer, a roll, a Brabender, a single-screw kneading extruder, a twin-screw kneading extruder, or a kneader.
- each component in advance or only a part of the components is mixed in advance, and fed to an extruder using a feeder and melt-kneaded to produce the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention.
- the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention can also be produced.
- the component that is difficult to disperse is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent such as water or an organic solvent in advance, and kneaded with the solution or the dispersion. It can also improve sex.
- the polycarbonate resin composition of the present invention is usually molded into an arbitrary shape and used as a molded body (resin composition molded body). There is no restriction
- Examples of molded products include parts such as electrical / electronic equipment, OA equipment, information terminal equipment, machine parts, home appliances, vehicle parts, building components, various containers, leisure goods / miscellaneous goods, lighting equipment, and instruments. It is done. Among these, it is particularly suitable for use in parts such as electric / electronic equipment, OA equipment, information terminal equipment, home appliances, and lighting equipment, and particularly suitable for use in parts of electrical / electronic equipment.
- Examples of the electric and electronic devices include display devices such as personal computers, game machines, and televisions, printers, copiers, scanners, fax machines, electronic notebooks and PDAs, electronic desk calculators, electronic dictionaries, cameras, video cameras, and mobile phones.
- Display devices such as personal computers, game machines, and televisions, printers, copiers, scanners, fax machines, electronic notebooks and PDAs, electronic desk calculators, electronic dictionaries, cameras, video cameras, and mobile phones.
- Battery pack recording medium drive and reader, mouse, numeric keypad, CD player, MD player, portable radio / audio player, and the like.
- the polycarbonate resin molding of this invention is excellent in impact resistance, it can be used suitably for an electrical / electronic equipment housing (housing). Moreover, since it has excellent long-term deterioration resistance characteristics, it can be suitably used for electrical / power peripheral devices such as battery packs, chargers, power adapters, and power strips.
- the manufacturing method of a molded object is not specifically limited,
- adopted about the polycarbonate resin composition can be employ
- injection molding method, ultra-high speed injection molding method, injection compression molding method, two-color molding method, hollow molding method such as gas assist, molding method using heat insulating mold, rapid heating mold were used.
- a molding method using a hot runner method can also be used.
- the obtained molded article of the present invention can be used as a practical molded article having high flame retardancy and mechanical properties without impairing the excellent properties of the polycarbonate resin as described above.
- parts means “parts by mass” based on mass standards unless otherwise specified.
- Examples 1 to 15, Comparative Examples 1 to 12 [Preparation of test piece]
- the pellets obtained by the above production method were dried at 120 ° C. for 5 hours, and then injected using a J50-EP injection molding machine manufactured by Nippon Steel, under the conditions of a cylinder temperature of 290 ° C. and a mold temperature of 80 ° C. Molded, 125 mm long, 13 mm wide, 0.8 mm thick test specimen for UL test, and flat specimen (90 mm x 50 mm x 1-3 mm thick two-stage thickness), ASTM tensile impact according to ASTM D1822 TypeS Test specimens (thickness 3.2 mm) were molded.
- the afterflame time is the length of time for which the test piece continues to burn with flame after the ignition source is moved away.
- the cotton ignition by the drip is determined by whether or not the labeling cotton, which is about 300 mm below the lower end of the test piece, is ignited by a drip from the test piece. Furthermore, if any one of the five samples did not satisfy the above criteria, it was evaluated as NR (not rated) as not satisfying V-2. In Tables 4 to 6, “flame retardant” is indicated.
- the test specimen for ASTM tensile impact test obtained by the above-mentioned method was treated at 100 ° C. for a predetermined time, and the tensile impact strength after treatment (0h), 500h, 1000h, and 1500h was treated with Digital Impact manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd. Using a testing machine, the measurement was performed according to ASTM D1822. In Table 7, it is expressed as “tensile impact”.
- the flame retardancy is as good as V-1 or more, and the impact resistance and the appearance are good.
- the flame retardancy is V-2 or NR, and the flame retardancy is poor.
- Comparative Example 1 containing no graft copolymer is inferior in impact resistance and incombustible.
- Comparative Example 8 in which the amount of polyalkylsilsesquioxane particles added is large and Polyalkylsilsesquioxane particle Comparative Example 10 in which the average particle size is large are inferior in impact resistance and in appearance. Furthermore, as can be seen from Table 7, in the examples, the impact resistance at the time of high-temperature molding is good, and the notch dependency of the molded product is small. It can also be seen that the long-term deterioration resistance is also good. For this reason, it can be suitably used for electrical and electronic equipment casings, particularly equipment such as battery packs, chargers, power adapters, power strips, etc., which are likely to accumulate heat for a long time and also require impact resistance when dropped. Recognize.
- Examples 16 to 19 in which polyalkylsilsesquioxane and carbon black were added at the same time were improved in flame retardancy compared to Example 2 in which polyalkylsilsesquioxane and carbon black were not added. Recognize. Further, it can be seen that, compared with Comparative Example 13, since the appearance of the texture is good, it can be suitably used for an electric / electronic device casing.
- the polycarbonate resin composition and molded article of the present invention it is possible to simultaneously improve flame retardancy, impact resistance, and appearance, such as electrical and electronic equipment, OA equipment, information terminal equipment, home appliances, lighting equipment, etc. It can be used in a wide range of fields such as parts, particularly parts of electrical and electronic equipment, and has very high industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
また、リン系難燃剤を配合したポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、ポリカーボネート樹脂の特徴である高い透明性を阻害したり、耐衝撃性、耐熱性の低下を招いたりするため、その用途が制限されることがあった。加えて、これらのハロゲン系難燃剤及びリン系難燃剤は、製品の廃棄、回収時に環境汚染を惹起する可能性があるため、近年ではこれらの難燃剤を使用することなく難燃化することが望まれている。
このとき、難燃性を向上させるためには、エポキシ基や、ビニル基、フェニル基等の特殊な官能基をもったシルセスキオキサンを用いる必要があると記載されている。
しかしながら、このようなシルセスキオキサンは、実際には工業的に入手することが困難であり、また難燃性のレベルも不十分であった。
(1)ポリカーボネート樹脂(A)100質量部に対し、
有機スルホン酸金属塩(B)0.001~2質量部、
フルオロポリマー(C)0.001~1質量部、
平均粒径0.6~5μmのポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子(D)0.5~5質量部、及びブタジエン含有率50~95%のグラフト共重合体(E)0.5~8質量部とを含有することを特徴とするポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(2)有機スルホン酸金属塩(B)が、含フッ素脂肪族スルホン酸アルカリ金属塩であることを特徴とする(1)に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(3)有機スルホン酸金属塩(B)が、パーフルオロブタンスルホン酸カリウムであることを特徴とする(1)に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(4)ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子(D)が、ポリメチルシルセスキオキサン粒子であることを特徴とする(1)乃至(3)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(5)グラフト共重合体(E)が、ブタジエン系ゴムと、芳香族ビニル化合物、シアン化ビニル化合物および(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物から選ばれる少なくとも1種とのグラフト共重合体であることを特徴とする(1)乃至(4)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(6)グラフト共重合体(E)が、ブタジエン系ゴムからなるコアと、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルからなるシェルとからなるコア/シェル型グラフト共重合体であることを特徴とする(1)乃至(4)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(7)グラフト共重合体(E)の含有量が、ポリカーボネート樹脂100質量部に対し、0.5~4.5質量部であることを特徴とする(1)乃至(6)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(8)さらに、ポリカーボネート樹脂100質量部に対し、カーボンブラック(F)0.0001~3質量部含有することを特徴とする(1)乃至(7)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(9)カーボンブラック(F)が、熱可塑性樹脂でマスターバッチ化されたカーボンブラックマスターバッチであることを特徴とする(8)に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(10)フルオロポリマー(C)が、フィブリル形成能を有するフルオロエチレン樹脂である、(1)乃至(9)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(11)ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子(D)とグラフト共重合体(E)の含有量比(質量比)が、1:0.5~1:6である、(1)乃至(10)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(12)0.8mm厚みにおける、UL94に準拠して試験した難燃性がV-1以上であることを特徴とする(1)乃至(11)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
(13)(1)乃至(12)の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物を成形してなることを特徴とするポリカーボネート樹脂成形体。
(14)電気・電子機器筐体であることを特徴とする(13)に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂成形体。
(15)電池パック、充電器、電源アタプターまたは電源タップのための筐体であることを特徴とする(13)に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂成形体。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、少なくとも、ポリカーボネート樹脂(A)と、有機スルホン酸金属塩(B)と、フルオロポリマー(C)と、平均粒径0.6~5μmのポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子(D)と、ブタジエン含有率50%以上のグラフト共重合体(E)とを含有する。また、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、必要に応じて、その他の成分を含有していてもよい。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に用いるポリカーボネート樹脂の種類に制限は無い。また、ポリカーボネート樹脂は、1種類を用いてもよく、2種類以上を任意の組み合わせ及び任意の比率で併用してもよい。
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、
2,2-ビス(3-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、
2,2-ビス(3-メトキシ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、
2-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-2-(3-メトキシ-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、
1,1-ビス(3-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、
2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジメチルフェニル)プロパン、
2,2-ビス(3-シクロヘキシル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、
2-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-2-(3-シクロヘキシル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、
α,α'-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-1,4-ジイソプロピルベンゼン、
1,3-ビス[2-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-2-プロピル]ベンゼン、
ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、
ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキシルメタン、
ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フェニルメタン、
ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)(4-プロペニルフェニル)メタン、
ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ジフェニルメタン、
ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ナフチルメタン、
1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン、
2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-1-フェニルエタン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-1-ナフチルエタン、
1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタン、
2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタン、
2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ペンタン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサン、
2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサン、
1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)オクタン、
2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)オクタン、
1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサン、
2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘキサン、
4,4-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ヘプタン、
2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ノナン、
10-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)デカン、
1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ドデカン、
等のビス(ヒドロキシアリール)アルカン類;
1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサン、
4-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3,3-ジメチルシクロヘキサン、
1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3,4-ジメチルシクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3,5-ジメチルシクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジメチルフェニル)-3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3-プロピル-5-メチルシクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3-tert-ブチル-シクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3-tert-ブチル-シクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-3-フェニルシクロヘキサン、
1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-4-フェニルシクロヘキサン、
等のビス(ヒドロキシアリール)シクロアルカン類;
なお、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物は、1種を用いてもよく、2種以上を任意の組み合わせ及び比率で併用してもよい。
ポリカーボネート樹脂の製造方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、任意の方法を採用できる。その例を挙げると、界面重合法、溶融エステル交換法、ピリジン法、環状カーボネート化合物の開環重合法、プレポリマーの固相エステル交換法などを挙げることができる。本発明では界面重合法が好ましい。以下、これらの方法のうち特に好適なものについて具体的に説明する。
まず、ポリカーボネート樹脂を界面重合法で製造する場合について説明する。界面重合法では、反応に不活性な有機溶媒及びアルカリ水溶液の存在下で、通常pHを9以上に保ち、ジヒドロキシ化合物とカーボネート前駆体(好ましくは、ホスゲン)とを反応させた後、重合触媒の存在下で界面重合を行うことによってポリカーボネート樹脂を得る。なお、反応系には、必要に応じて分子量調整剤(末端停止剤)を存在させるようにしてもよく、ジヒドロキシ化合物の酸化防止のために酸化防止剤を存在させるようにしてもよい。
なお、反応温度は通常0~40℃であり、反応時間は通常は数分(例えば、10分)~数時間(例えば、6時間)である。
次に、ポリカーボネート樹脂を溶融エステル交換法で製造する場合について説明する。溶融エステル交換法では、例えば、炭酸ジエステルとジヒドロキシ化合物とのエステル交換反応を行う。
一方、炭酸ジエステルとしては、例えば、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、ジ-tert-ブチルカーボネート等の炭酸ジアルキル化合物;ジフェニルカーボネート;ジトリルカーボネート等の置換ジフェニルカーボネートなどが挙げられる。中でも、ジフェニルカーボネート及び置換ジフェニルカーボネートが好ましく、特にジフェニルカーボネートがより好ましい。なお、炭酸ジエステルは1種を用いてもよく、2種以上を任意の組み合わせ及び比率で併用しても良い。
また、より積極的な調整方法としては、反応時に別途、末端停止剤を混合する方法が挙げられる。この際の末端停止剤としては、例えば、一価フェノール類、一価カルボン酸類、炭酸ジエステル類などが挙げられる。なお、末端停止剤は、1種を用いてもよく、2種以上を任意の組み合わせ及び比率で併用しても良い。
ポリカーボネート樹脂の分子量は任意であり、適宜選択して決定すればよいが、溶液粘度から換算した粘度平均分子量[Mv]は、通常10000以上、好ましくは16000以上、より好ましくは17000以上であり、また、通常40000以下、好ましくは30000以下、より好ましくは24000以下である。粘度平均分子量を前記範囲の下限値以上とすることにより本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の機械的強度をより向上させることができ、機械的強度の要求の高い用途に用いる場合により好ましいものとなる。一方、粘度平均分子量を前記範囲の上限値以下とすることにより本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の流動性低下を抑制して改善でき、成形加工性を高めて成形加工を容易に行えるようになる。なお、粘度平均分子量の異なる2種類以上のポリカーボネート樹脂を混合して用いてもよく、この場合には、粘度平均分子量が上記の好適な範囲外であるポリカーボネート樹脂を混合してもよい。
ただし、再生されたポリカーボネート樹脂は、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に含まれるポリカーボネート樹脂のうち、80質量%以下であることが好ましく、中でも50質量%以下であることがより好ましい。再生されたポリカーボネート樹脂は、熱劣化や経年劣化等の劣化を受けている可能性が高いため、このようなポリカーボネート樹脂を前記の範囲よりも多く用いた場合、色相や機械的物性を低下させる可能性があるためである。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は有機スルホン酸金属塩を含有する。このように有機スルホン酸金属塩を含有することで、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の難燃性を向上させることができる。
また、含フッ素脂肪族スルホン酸金属塩としては分子中に少なくとも1つのC-F結合を有する含フッ素脂肪族スルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩がより好ましく、パーフルオロアルカンスルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩が特に好ましく、具体的にはパーフルオロブタンスルホン酸カリウム等が好ましい。芳香族スルホン酸金属塩としては芳香族スルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩がより好ましく、ジフェニルスルホン-3,3’-ジスルホン酸ジカリウム、ジフェニルスルホン-3-スルホン酸カリウム等のジフェニルスルホン-スルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩;パラトルエンスルホン酸ナトリウム、及びパラトルエンスルホン酸カリウム、パラトルエンスルホン酸セシウム等のパラトルエンスルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩;が特に好ましく、パラトルエンスルホン酸のアルカリ金属塩がさらに好ましい。
なお、有機スルホン酸金属塩は1種を用いてもよく、2種以上を任意の組み合わせ及び比率で併用してもよい。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に用いるフルオロポリマーの種類に制限は無い。また、フルオロポリマーは、1種類を用いてもよく、2種類以上を任意の組み合わせ及び任意の比率で併用してもよい。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物はポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子を含有する。このようにポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子を上述の有機スルホン酸金属塩と同時に含有することで、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の難燃性を向上させることができる。
また、通常、粒子をポリカーボネート樹脂に含有させると耐衝撃性は低下する傾向であるが、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物においては、ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子を含有することにより、驚くべきことに耐衝撃性、長期物性をも向上させることができる。これは、ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサンがポリカーボネート樹脂に対し、程よい密着性を有している為、衝撃が加わった際に、界面剥離によって空隙が生じることによりその空隙が亀裂を止める役割を果たし、結果的にエラストマーのような働きをする為と考えられる。
なお、上記M単位は、R3SiO0.5(Rは一価の有機基)で表される1官能性シロキサン単位を示し、D単位は、R2SiO1.0(Rは一価の有機基)で表される2官能性シロキサン単位を示し、Q単位は、SiO2.0(Rは一価の有機基)で表される4官能性シロキサン単位を示す。
本発明においては、ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子の粒径測定は、ベックマン・コールター株式会社の粒度分布測定装置Multisizer4を使用し、分散媒ISOTON II、アパチャー径20μm、分散剤エタノール、超音波処理3分の条件にて測定する。また、測定に当たっては、極めて小さい微小粒子と極めて大きい極大粒子の影響を排除し、信頼性が高く、再現性の高いデータを担保するため、直径0.4~12μmの範囲で測定を行うことで定義される。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物はブタジエンを所定量含有するグラフト共重合体を含有する。このようにグラフト共重合体を上述の含有することで、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の耐衝撃性を向上させるばかりでなく、上述の有機スルホン酸金属塩及びポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子と同時に配合することで、驚くべきことに難燃性を向上させることができる。従来、ブタジエンを含有するグラフト共重合体は、燃焼しやすい、所謂難燃性に劣る添加剤であり、このものをポリカーボネート樹脂に配合した場合は、ポリカーボネート樹脂の難燃性を低下させるものであった。しかしながら、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物では、グラフト共重合体中のブタジエン含有量を所定量にし、さらに有機スルホン酸金属塩とポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子と組み合わせることによって特異的に難燃性が向上することができる。
ゴム成分は、ガラス転移温度が通常0℃以下、なかでも-20℃以下が好ましく、さらには-30℃以下が好ましい。ゴム成分の具体例としては、ポリブタジエンゴム、ポリイソプレンゴム、ポリブチルアクリレートやポリ(2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート)、ブチルアクリレート・2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート共重合体などのポリアルキルアクリレートゴム、ポリオルガノシロキサンゴムなどのシリコーン系ゴム、ブタジエン-アクリル複合ゴム、ポリオルガノシロキサンゴムとポリアルキルアクリレートゴムとからなるIPN型複合ゴム、スチレン-ブタジエンゴム、エチレン-プロピレンゴムやエチレン-ブテンゴム、エチレン-オクテンゴムなどのエチレン-αオレフィン系ゴム、エチレン-アクリルゴム、フッ素ゴムなど挙げることができる。
これらは、単独でも2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。但し、ブタジエンを所定量含有することが必要である。
これらのなかでも、機械的特性や表面外観の面から、ポリブタジエンゴム、スチレン-ブタジエンゴムが好ましい。
これらの中でも、機械的特性や表面外観の面から、芳香族ビニル化合物、シアン化ビニル化合物、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物、(メタ)アクリル酸化合物が好ましく、より好ましくは(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物である。(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物の具体例としては、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸オクチル等を挙げることができる。
ブタジエン含有量が下限値以下の場合は、難燃性向上効果が不十分となる可能性があり、ブタジエン含有量が前記範囲の上限値を超える場合は、グラフト共重合体のポリカーボネート樹脂中への分散性が極端に低下し、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の耐衝撃性の低下や、外観不良を引き起こす可能性がある。
また、本発明の組成物中において、ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子(D)とグラフト共重合体(E)の含有量比(質量比)は、1:0.5~1:6が好ましく、1:0.8~1:2.5がより好ましい。このような範囲とすることにより、衝撃性をより高く維持しつつ、必用な難燃性を確保できる。
本発明に用いるカーボンブラック(F)は、その製造方法、原料種等に制限はなく、従来公知の任意のもの、例えばオイルファーネスブラック、チャンネルブラック、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック等のいずれをも使用することができる。これらの中でも、着色性とコストの点から、オイルファーネスブラックが好ましい。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、所望の諸物性を著しく損なわない限り、必要に応じて、上述したもの以外にその他の成分を含有していてもよいが、本発明の組成物は、上記(A)~(F)の成分で、組成物の重量の90質量%以上を占めることが好ましい。その他の成分の例を挙げると、ポリカーボネート樹脂以外の樹脂、各種樹脂添加剤などが挙げられる。なお、その他の成分は、1種が含有されていてもよく、2種以上が任意の組み合わせ及び比率で含有されていても良い。
その他の樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂などの熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂;ポリスチレン樹脂、高衝撃ポリスチレン樹脂(HIPS)、アクリロニトリル-スチレン共重合体(AS樹脂)、アクリロニトリル-スチレン-アクリルゴム共重合体(ASA樹脂)、アクリロニトリル-エチレンプロピレン系ゴム-スチレン共重合体(AES樹脂)などのスチレン系樹脂;ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂等のポリオレフィン樹脂;ポリアミド樹脂;ポリイミド樹脂;ポリエーテルイミド樹脂;ポリウレタン樹脂;ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂;ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂;ポリスルホン樹脂;ポリメタクリレート樹脂等が挙げられる。
なお、その他の樹脂は、1種が含有されていてもよく、2種以上が任意の組み合わせ及び比率で含有されていても良い。
これらの樹脂成分は、ポリカーボネート樹脂100質量部に対し、10質量部以下であることが好ましい。
樹脂添加剤としては、例えば、熱安定剤、酸化防止剤、離型剤、紫外線吸収剤、染顔料、難燃剤、滴下防止剤、帯電防止剤、防曇剤、滑剤、アンチブロッキング剤、流動性改良剤、可塑剤、分散剤、抗菌剤などが挙げられる。なお、樹脂添加剤は1種が含有されていてもよく、2種以上が任意の組み合わせ及び比率で含有されていても良い。
以下、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に好適な添加剤の例について具体的に説明する。
熱安定剤としては、例えばリン系化合物が挙げられる。リン系化合物としては、公知の任意のものを使用できる。具体例を挙げると、リン酸、ホスホン酸、亜燐酸、ホスフィン酸、ポリリン酸などのリンのオキソ酸;酸性ピロリン酸ナトリウム、酸性ピロリン酸カリウム、酸性ピロリン酸カルシウムなどの酸性ピロリン酸金属塩;リン酸カリウム、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸セシウム、リン酸亜鉛など第1族または第2B族金属のリン酸塩;有機ホスフェート化合物、有機ホスファイト化合物、有機ホスホナイト化合物などが挙げられるが、有機ホスファイト化合物が特に好ましい。
酸化防止剤としては、例えばヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤が挙げられる。その具体例としては、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、オクタデシル-3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート、チオジエチレンビス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、N,N’-ヘキサン-1,6-ジイルビス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニルプロピオナミド)、2,4-ジメチル-6-(1-メチルペンタデシル)フェノール、ジエチル[[3,5-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]メチル]ホスフォエート、3,3’,3’’,5,5’,5’’-ヘキサ-tert-ブチル-a,a’,a’’-(メシチレン-2,4,6-トリイル)トリ-p-クレゾール、4,6-ビス(オクチルチオメチル)-o-クレゾール、エチレンビス(オキシエチレン)ビス[3-(5-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-m-トリル)プロピオネート]、ヘキサメチレンビス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、1,3,5-トリス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)-1,3,5-トリアジン-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-トリオン,2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-(4,6-ビス(オクチルチオ)-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イルアミノ)フェノール、2-[1-(2-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジ-tert-ペンチルフェニル)エチル]-4,6-ジ-tert-ペンチルフェニルアクリレート等が挙げられる。
なお、酸化防止剤は、1種が含有されていてもよく、2種以上が任意の組み合わせ及び比率で含有されていても良い。
離型剤としては、例えば、脂肪族カルボン酸、脂肪族カルボン酸とアルコールとのエステル、数平均分子量200~15000の脂肪族炭化水素化合物、ポリシロキサン系シリコーンオイルなどが挙げられる。
また、前記の脂肪族炭化水素の数平均分子量は、好ましくは5000以下である。
なお、脂肪族炭化水素は単一物質であってもよいが、構成成分や分子量が様々なものの混合物であっても、主成分が上記の範囲内であれば使用できる。
紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、酸化セリウム、酸化亜鉛などの無機紫外線吸収剤;ベンゾトリアゾール化合物、ベンゾフェノン化合物、サリシレート化合物、シアノアクリレート化合物、トリアジン化合物、オギザニリド化合物、マロン酸エステル化合物、ヒンダードアミン化合物などの有機紫外線吸収剤などが挙げられる。これらの中では有機紫外線吸収剤が好ましく、ベンゾトリアゾール化合物がより好ましい。有機紫外線吸収剤を選択することで、本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の透明性や機械物性が良好なものになる。
染顔料としては、例えば、無機顔料、有機顔料、有機染料などが挙げられる。
無機顔料としては、例えば、カドミウムレッド、カドミウムイエロー等の硫化物系顔料;群青などの珪酸塩系顔料;酸化チタン、亜鉛華、弁柄、酸化クロム、鉄黒、チタンイエロー、亜鉛-鉄系ブラウン、チタンコバルト系グリーン、コバルトグリーン、コバルトブルー、銅-クロム系ブラック、銅-鉄系ブラック等の酸化物系顔料;黄鉛、モリブデートオレンジ等のクロム酸系顔料;紺青などのフェロシアン系顔料などが挙げられる。
なお、染顔料は、1種が含有されていてもよく、2種以上が任意の組み合わせ及び比率で含有されていても良い。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の製造方法に制限はなく、公知のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の製造方法を広く採用できる。
具体例を挙げると、本発明に係るポリカーボネート樹脂及び有機スルホン酸金属塩、フルオロポリマー、ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン、グラフト共重合体、並びに、必要に応じて配合されるその他の成分を、例えばタンブラーやヘンシェルミキサーなどの各種混合機を用い予め混合した後、バンバリーミキサー、ロール、ブラベンダー、単軸混練押出機、二軸混練押出機、ニーダーなどの混合機で溶融混練する方法が挙げられる。
また、例えば、一部の成分を予め混合し押出機に供給して溶融混練することで得られる樹脂組成物をマスターバッチとし、このマスターバッチを再度残りの成分と混合し、溶融混練することによって本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物を製造することもできる。
また、例えば、分散し難い成分を混合する際には、その分散し難い成分を予め水や有機溶剤等の溶媒に溶解又は分散させ、その溶液又は分散液と混練するようにすることで、分散性を高めることもできる。
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、通常、任意の形状に成形して成形体(樹脂組成物成形体)として用いる。この成形体の形状、模様、色彩、寸法などに制限はなく、その成形体の用途に応じて任意に設定すればよい。
得られた本発明の成形体は、上述したようにポリカーボネート樹脂の優れた性質を損なうことなく、難燃性、機械物性の高い実用的な成形体として用いることが可能である。
後述する表2~表3に記した各成分を、表4~表8に記した割合(質量比)で配合し、タンブラーにて20分混合した後、1ベントを備えた日本製鋼所社製(TEX30HSST)に供給し、スクリュー回転数200rpm、吐出量15kg/時間、バレル温度290℃の条件で混練し、ストランド状に押出された溶融樹脂を水槽にて急冷し、ペレタイザーを用いてペレット化し、ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物のペレットを得た。
[試験片の作製]
上述の製造方法で得られたペレットを120℃で5時間乾燥させた後、日本製鋼所製のJ50-EP型射出成形機を用いて、シリンダー温度290℃、金型温度80℃の条件で射出成形し、長さ125mm、幅13mm、厚さ0.8mmのUL試験用試験片、及び平板状試験片(90mm×50mm×1-3mm厚の2段厚み)、ASTM D1822TypeSに準拠したASTM引張衝撃試験用試験片(厚さ3.2mm)を成形した。
同様に上述の製造方法で得られたペレットを120℃で5時間乾燥させた後、住友重機械工業社製のサイキャップM-2、型締め力75Tを用いて、シリンダー温度290℃、金型温度80℃の条件で射出成形し、ISO多目的試験片(3mm)を成形した。
また、同様に上述の製造方法で得られたペレットを120℃で5時間乾燥させた後、東芝機械工業社製のEC160、型締め力160Tを用いて、シリンダー温度280、300℃、あるいは320℃、金型温度80℃の条件で、あらかじめR=0.25、0.5、あるいは1のノッチが入ったIzod試験片(3.2mm厚み)を射出成形した。
各ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の難燃性の評価は、上述の方法で得られたUL試験用試験片を温度23℃、湿度50%の恒温室の中で48時間調湿し、米国アンダーライターズ・ラボラトリーズ(UL)が定めているUL94試験(機器の部品用プラスチック材料の燃焼試験)に準拠して行なった。UL94Vとは、鉛直に保持した所定の大きさの試験片にバーナーの炎を10秒間接炎した後の残炎時間やドリップ性から難燃性を評価する方法であり、V-0、V-1及びV-2の難燃性を有するためには、以下の表1に示す基準を満たすことが必要となる。
上述の方法で得られたISO多目的試験片(3mm)を用い、ISO179に準拠し、R=0.25のVノッチを入れ、23℃の条件で、ノッチ有りシャルピー衝撃強度(単位:kJ/m2)を測定した。なお、表4~6中、「Charpy」と表記する。
上述の方法で得られた平板状試験片の外観を目視で観察し、表面が荒れておらず光沢感のあるものを「○」、表面が荒れ、光沢感がないものを「×」と評価した。なお、表4~6中、「外観」と表記する。
上述の方法で得られた成形機の各シリンダー温度にいて、射出成形時にあらかじめR=0.25、0.5、あるいは1のノッチが入ったIzod試験片を用い、ASTM D256に準拠し、23℃の条件で、ノッチ有りアイゾッド衝撃強度(単位:J/m)を測定した。なお、表7中、「Izod」と表記する。
上述の方法で得られたASTM引張衝撃試験用試験片を、100℃で所定時間処理し、処理前(0h)、500h、1000h、1500h処理後の引張衝撃強さを、東洋精機社製デジタル衝撃試験機を用い、ASTM D1822に準拠して測定した。なお、表7中、「引張衝撃」と表記する。
[難燃性評価]
上述の製造方法で得られたペレットを120℃で5時間乾燥させた後、住友重機械工業社製のSE100DU型射出成形機を用いて、シリンダー温度290℃、金型温度80℃の条件で射出成形し、長さ125mm、幅13mm、厚さ0.75mmのUL試験用試験片を射出成形した。
得られた0.75mmのUL試験用試験片を温度23℃、湿度50%の恒温室の中で48時間調湿し、上述の方法と同様にUL94試験(機器の部品用プラスチック材料の燃焼試験)に準拠して行なった。
なお、表8中、UL94試験の結果を、「難燃性(0.75mm)」と、5試料の全残炎時間(総燃焼時間)を「Σt」と表記する。
上述の製造方法で得られたペレットを120℃で5時間乾燥させた後、住友重機械工業社製のSE100DU型射出成形機を用いて、シリンダー温度290℃、金型温度80℃の条件で射出成形し、60mm×60mm×厚さ2mmのシボ付き平板を射出成形した。シボ付き平板の表面を目視で評価した。
○:シボ外観は良好
×:シボ外観はテカリ、白モヤが発生し、不良
さらに、表7からわかるように、実施例では、高温成形時の耐衝撃性も良好であり、かつ、成形品のノッチ依存性も少ない。また、耐長期劣化性も良好であることがわかる。
このため、電気・電子機器筐体、特に長時間にわたり熱がこもりやすく、落下時の耐衝撃性も求められる電池パック、充電器、電源アタプター、電源タップ等の機器に好適に用いることができることがわかる。
また、表8からわかるようにポリアルキルシルセスキオキサンとカーボンブラックが同時に添加された実施例16~19は、添加されてない実施例2と比較し、難燃性が向上していることがわかる。また、比較例13と比較し、シボの外観に良好であるため電気・電子機器筐体に好適に用いることができることがわかる。
Claims (15)
- ポリカーボネート樹脂(A)100質量部に対し、
有機スルホン酸金属塩(B)0.001~2質量部、
フルオロポリマー(C)0.001~1質量部、
平均粒径0.6~5μmのポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子(D)0.5~5質量部、及びブタジエン含有率50~95%のグラフト共重合体(E)0.5~8質量部とを含有することを特徴とするポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。 - 有機スルホン酸金属塩(B)が、含フッ素脂肪族スルホン酸アルカリ金属塩であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- 有機スルホン酸金属塩(B)が、パーフルオロブタンスルホン酸カリウムであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子(D)が、ポリメチルシルセスキオキサン粒子であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- グラフト共重合体(E)が、ブタジエン系ゴムと、芳香族ビニル化合物、シアン化ビニル化合物および(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物から選ばれる少なくとも1種とのグラフト共重合体であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- グラフト共重合体(E)が、ブタジエン系ゴムからなるコアと、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルからなるシェルとからなるコア/シェル型グラフト共重合体であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- グラフト共重合体(E)の含有量が、ポリカーボネート樹脂100質量部に対し、0.5~4.5質量部であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- さらに、ポリカーボネート樹脂100質量部に対し、カーボンブラック(F)0.0001~3質量部含有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- カーボンブラック(F)が、熱可塑性樹脂でマスターバッチ化されたカーボンブラックマスターバッチであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- フルオロポリマー(C)が、フィブリル形成能を有するフルオロエチレン樹脂である、請求項1乃至9の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- ポリアルキルシルセスキオキサン粒子(D)とグラフト共重合体(E)の含有量比(質量比)が、1:0.5~1:6である、請求項1乃至10の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- 0.8mm厚みにおける、UL94に準拠して試験した難燃性がV-1以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至11の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1乃至12の何れか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂組成物を成形してなることを特徴とするポリカーボネート樹脂成形体。
- 電気・電子機器筐体であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂成形体。
- 電池パック、充電器、電源アタプターまたは電源タップのための筐体であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂成形体。
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