WO2010137327A1 - Pwm負荷機器の駆動電流検出装置、駆動電流検出方法、故障検知装置及び故障検知方法 - Google Patents
Pwm負荷機器の駆動電流検出装置、駆動電流検出方法、故障検知装置及び故障検知方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
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- the present invention relates to a drive current detection device, a drive current detection method, a failure detection device, and a failure detection method for a load device whose drive voltage or drive current is controlled by a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) method.
- PWM Pulse Width Modulation
- the load device examples include a constant current load device that consumes a constant current such as a resistor, and a PWM load device that controls a drive voltage or a drive current by a PWM method such as LED lighting.
- the PWM system is a system in which output of electrical signals such as voltage and current is turned on and off to generate a rectangular wave pulse signal, and the load device is controlled by the pulse signal.
- a driving method in which the driving voltage is controlled by the PWM method and supplied to the load device.
- the load device consumes a current (that is, a drive current flows) in a section in which the voltage is on (ON) in accordance with the supplied voltage.
- the other is a driving method in which a constant voltage is supplied but a driving current is controlled by a PWM method and supplied to a load device.
- a current consumption whose pulse width is modulated in accordance with PWM driving flows through the load device.
- PWM load devices having different duty ratios for PWM control, for example, those having a duty ratio of 5% and those having a duty ratio of 95% are connected.
- the current at one sampling point becomes the current conduction period (ie, the period in which the current is on) or the current non-conduction period (ie, the period in which the current is off) depending on the duty ratio. It may become a thing. Then, there is a problem that the drive current for failure detection cannot be correctly calculated, and therefore the failure state cannot be detected accurately.
- the present invention relates to a drive current detection device capable of appropriately detecting a drive current value for failure detection when a load device having a different PWM waveform duty ratio is connected in failure detection of the PWM load device, and drive An object is to provide a current detection method. It is another object of the present invention to provide a failure detection method and a failure detection device that can accurately detect a failure of a PWM load device based on a drive current value that is appropriately detected.
- a drive current detection device is A drive current detection device for a load device in which drive voltage or drive current is controlled by a PWM method, A sampling unit that periodically samples the current flowing through the load device multiple times; Based on the sampled sample value, a current driving section in the current flowing through the load device is determined, and further, the sample value of the current driving section is selected from the sampled sample values, and the load A drive current calculation unit that determines a drive current value for determining whether or not there is a failure in the device.
- failure detection device The drive current detection device described above; A failure determination unit that detects a failure of the load device using a drive current value determined by the above-described drive current detection device to determine whether or not there is a failure in the load device.
- the driving current detection method includes: A drive current detection method for a load device in which drive voltage or drive current is controlled by a PWM method, Periodically sampling the current flowing through the load device multiple times, Based on the sampled sample value, determine a current drive section in the current flowing through the load device, A sample value of the current drive section is selected from the sampled sample values, and a drive current value for determining the presence or absence of a failure in the load device is determined.
- the failure detection method according to the present invention includes: Using the drive current value for determining the presence or absence of a failure determined by the above-described drive current detection method, failure detection of the load device is performed.
- the sample value of the current driving section among the sampled current values is used for determining the driving current value. That is, even when PWM load devices having different PWM waveform duty ratios are connected, the current value in the current non-conduction section is not used for determining the drive current value. As a result, it is possible to correctly calculate the drive current value for failure detection, and thus it is possible to accurately detect the failure of the PWM load device. Furthermore, by stopping the voltage output to the PWM load device based on the detection of the failure, it is possible to protect the load driving device and the PWM load device.
- the block diagram which shows the structure of the failure detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- the figure which shows the relationship between the electric current waveform in the PWM load apparatus with which the electric current is controlled by the PWM system monitored by the failure detection apparatus of Embodiment 1, and a threshold value (Ycut).
- 5 is a flowchart illustrating a failure detection process in the failure detection apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- 10 Failure detection device, 20 ... Load drive device, 30 ... PWM load device, 40 ... current detection device, 50: Drive current detector, 52 ... Sampling unit, 54 ... Billion copies, 56... Drive current calculation unit, 60: A failure determination unit.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a failure detection device 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the block diagram of FIG. 1 shows the load driving device 20, the PWM load device 30, and the current detection device 40 together with the failure detection device 10.
- the load driving device 20 supplies a PWM waveform voltage or a constant voltage to the PWM load device 30.
- the PWM load device 30 is a load device whose drive voltage or drive current is controlled by the PWM method.
- the current detection device 40 is a device that continuously detects the current flowing through the PWM load device 30.
- the drive current detection unit 50 includes a sampling unit 52, a storage unit 54, and a drive current calculation unit 56.
- the sampling unit 52 periodically samples the current value of the current continuously measured by the current detection device 40 for a predetermined time.
- the sampled current value data is stored in the storage unit 54.
- the drive current calculation unit 56 uses the sampling value stored in the storage unit 54 to drive the current in the PWM waveform current flowing through the PWM load device 30 (hereinafter referred to as “current drive period”). Is calculated.
- the failure determination unit 60 determines the presence or absence of a failure in the PWM load device 30 using the drive current value calculated by the drive current calculation unit 56 of the drive current detection unit 50. Furthermore, the failure determination unit 60 can transmit determination information on whether or not there is a failure to the outside.
- the failure detection apparatus 10 is connected to the load driving device 20, the PWM load device 30, and the current detection device 40, thereby detecting the failure of the PWM load device 30.
- the supply and stop of the voltage by the load driving device 20 can be set from the outside. Therefore, if the failure determination unit 60 of the failure detection apparatus 10 determines that a failure exists in the PWM load device 30, the failure determination unit 60 performs load driving based on information indicating that a failure exists. A signal instructing the apparatus 20 to stop the supply of voltage is transmitted.
- the failure determination unit 60 may have a function of directly stopping the voltage supply of the load driving device 20.
- the failure detection device 10 the load drive device 20, and the current detection device 40 may be combined to constitute the load drive device 5 incorporating the failure detection device.
- FIG. 2 shows the current waveform flowing through the PWM load device 30 that is monitored by the failure detection device 10 of the present embodiment and whose drive voltage or drive current is controlled by the PWM method, and the threshold. It is a figure which shows the relationship with a value (Ycut).
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a failure detection process in the failure detection apparatus 10 of the present embodiment.
- the solid line graph in FIG. 2 shows the time change of the current flowing through the PWM load device 30.
- step S301 indicates the start of failure detection.
- the current detection device 40 continuously measures the current flowing through the PWM load device 30 and outputs the measured current value to the sampling unit 52.
- the sampling part 52 samples the input electric current value in multiple times periodically for predetermined time in process S302. The current value sampled in this way is stored in the storage unit 54.
- the predetermined time for sampling that is, the time from the start to the end of sampling by the sampling unit 52, is longer than the period (the maximum value) of the PWM waveform. Taking the current waveform shown in FIG. 2 as an example, a time longer than the interval between ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ) (period of the PWM waveform) is set as a predetermined time for sampling.
- the sampling period is determined so that the current value is sampled at least once within the (minimum value) current drive section of the PWM waveform. Taking the current waveform shown in FIG. 2 as an example, a time shorter than between ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ) (current drive section) is set as the sampling period.
- the predetermined time for sampling is 4 ms or more.
- the sampling period is 400 ⁇ s or less.
- the PWM load device having the maximum PWM waveform period or a longer time is set as a predetermined time for sampling, and the PWM load devices 30 are connected.
- a time in which the time of the current drive section is minimized or a shorter time is preferably set as the sampling period.
- Ymax is the maximum value of the sampled current value.
- Ylimit is the lower limit of the current that can be measured. This lower limit value depends on the performance of the current detection device 40 and the like. That is, the current detection device 40 cannot accurately measure a current smaller than Ylimit. For example, even if the current detection device has a performance capable of measuring a current with a resolution of 1 mA (milliampere), the accuracy of the measured value may not be guaranteed for a current of 10 mA or less. In such a case, Ylimit is “10 mA”.
- Ycut is a threshold value for determining the current drive section. That is, a current having a current value larger than Ycut is determined to be a current included in the current driving section in the PWM waveform current, and a current having a current value equal to or less than Ycut is a current not included in the current driving section in the PWM waveform current. It is determined that there is.
- the PWM waveform is described as a complete rectangular wave, and changes in the rise and fall of the pulse are described as being performed in a short time that can be sufficiently ignored, but Ycut is determined as described above. Thus, even when a corresponding time is required due to changes in the rise and fall of the pulse, the current drive section of the PWM waveform can be accurately defined.
- the value of Ycut is determined according to the sampled current value. Therefore, even when PWM load devices 30 having different drive current levels are connected, the value of Ycut, which is a threshold value for determining the current drive section, is uniquely determined according to the value of Ymax, and thus the current The driving section is also uniquely determined according to the value of Ymax.
- the drive current calculation unit 56 calculates the value of Ycut according to the above equation using the current values sampled a plurality of times in process S302. Thereafter, in process S304, the drive current calculation unit 56 determines the magnitude relationship between Ycut and Ylimit. When Ycut is larger than Ylimit, the drive current calculation unit 56 performs the process of step S305. In process S305, the drive current calculation unit 56 selects only a value larger than Ycut (threshold) from the current values sampled a plurality of times in process S302, and calculates an average value of the selected sample values. To determine a drive current value for determining whether or not there is a failure.
- the drive current calculation unit 56 performs the process of step S306.
- the drive current calculation unit 56 calculates an average value based on all the current values sampled a plurality of times in process S302, and thereby determines a drive current value for determining the presence or absence of a failure.
- Ycut is equal to or less than Ylimit is, for example, an unconnected (open) state of a load. In such a case, since no current normally flows, the current value measured by the current detection device 40 is smaller than Ylimit.
- the failure determination unit 60 compares the drive current value calculated in the previous process (that is, process S305 or process S306) with the reference current value, thereby determining the failure of the PWM load device 30. Determine presence or absence.
- the reference current value may be determined based on an appropriate value when the PWM load device 30 operates, or may be determined based on the specification of the load driving device 20 of the PWM load device 30.
- a plurality of reference current values may be set in correspondence with a plurality of types of failures.
- the rating of the output voltage and current of the load driving device 20 is 24V / 1A
- two reference current values of 1.0 A and 0.1 A are provided, and the driving current calculated in the processing S305 or S306
- the value is 1.0 A or more
- it is determined that there is a failure such as an overload state or a load short-circuit state
- the calculated drive current value is 0.1 A or less
- the load is not connected. It may be determined that there is a failure such as an (open) state.
- a load PWM load device 30
- the driving current value calculated in step S305 or step S306 is 1.0 A or more
- the drive current value is 0.3 A or more and less than 1.0 A
- the load is not connected (open ) It may be determined that there is a failure such as a state.
- the reference current value may be set dynamically each time according to Ycut (threshold value) dynamically calculated based on the sampled current value.
- the failure determination unit 60 performs the process of step S308 when a failure is detected in step S307.
- step S ⁇ b> 308 the failure determination unit 60 transmits a signal instructing to stop the supply of voltage to the load driving device 20 based on information indicating that a failure exists.
- the load driving device 20 stops the voltage output to the PWM load device 30 and thereby stops the driving of the load.
- the failure determination unit 60 may have a function of directly stopping the supply of voltage from the load driving device 20.
- process S308 shown in FIG. 3 is only one example of a process that can be performed using information indicating the presence or absence of a failure detected by the failure detection process according to the present embodiment, and a process with another content is performed. This step may be performed or this step may be omitted.
- failure detection processing may be executed immediately after the PWM load device 30 is connected to the load drive device 20 or after the PWM load device 30 is connected to the load drive device 20. It may be executed periodically at regular intervals.
- the drive current calculation unit 56 uses the current value included in the current drive section determined based on the sampled current value to determine whether or not there is a failure. It is selected as the basic data for calculating That is, even when a PWM load device 30 having a different PWM waveform duty ratio is connected, a drive current value for determining whether there is a failure or not is always calculated based on a current value in a section where the current is on. Is done. Therefore, the failure detection apparatus according to the present embodiment can correctly detect the drive current value for failure detection.
- the drive current calculation unit 56 shown in FIG. 1 removes the largest sample value from the current value sampled by the sampling unit 52 in the process S302 shown in FIG. After the sample value is removed, Ycut may be calculated in step S303. However, in this case, it is required to determine the sampling period so that the current value in the current drive section of the PWM waveform can be sampled at least once even after the sample value is removed as described above.
- the maximum value of the period of the PWM waveform is 4 ms
- the minimum value of the time of the current drive section is 400 ⁇ s
- the largest value and the smallest value are removed with respect to the sample value.
- the predetermined time for sampling is 4 ms or more
- Ycut may be calculated using the following equation.
- Ymin indicates the minimum value of the sampled current value.
- the above-described Ycut calculation method is merely an example. Another calculation formula (definition formula) may be used as long as the threshold value used for determining the current drive section of the PWM waveform can be obtained.
- the embodiment according to the present invention may be configured as follows.
- the sampling unit 52 may convert the drive current to another equivalent to the drive current and sample the other.
- the sampling unit 52 may flow a driving current through a resistor and sample a voltage value of a voltage generated at the resistor.
- communication means such as Ethernet (registered trademark) is used instead of stopping the driving of the PWM load device 30 or in combination with stopping the driving of the PWM load device 30.
- Ethernet registered trademark
- information indicating the presence of a failure may be notified to the external device, a buzzer may be sounded, or a warning lamp may be lit.
- the failure determination unit 60 detects an overload state only when the drive current value for determining whether there is a failure is equal to or greater than a predetermined reference value. It may be determined that there is a failure such as a load short circuit. In addition, the failure determination unit 60 may determine that there is a failure such as an unconnected (open) state of the load only when the drive current value for determining whether there is a failure is equal to or less than a predetermined reference value. . The failure determination unit 60 may determine that there is a failure in both cases. Furthermore, the failure determination unit 60 defines a plurality of ranges for classifying the drive current values for determining whether or not there is a failure, and the failure determined for each range in accordance with the calculated drive current value A failure may be detected by outputting a level.
- the failure detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention may be used for a section where the PWM waveform is not generated.
- the presence or absence of a failure may be determined using the presence or absence of voltage output to the PWM load device 20.
- the normal state may be determined.
- failure detection device and the failure detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used for a constant current load device driven with a constant current.
- the present invention is useful as a failure detection method or a failure detection device for a load device in which drive voltage or drive current is controlled by a PWM method such as LED lighting.
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Abstract
Description
PWM方式で駆動電圧又は駆動電流が制御される負荷機器の駆動電流検出装置であって、
前記負荷機器を流れる電流を周期的に複数回サンプリングするサンプリング部と、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値に基づいて、前記負荷機器を流れる電流における電流駆動区間を決定し、更に、前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内から、前記電流駆動区間のサンプル値を選定して、前記負荷機器における故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値を決定する駆動電流演算部と
を含む。
上述の駆動電流検出装置と、
上述の駆動電流検出装置によって決定された、前記負荷機器における故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値を用いて、前記負荷機器の故障検知を行う故障判定部と
を含むことを特徴とする。
PWM方式で駆動電圧又は駆動電流が制御される負荷機器の駆動電流検出方法であって、
前記負荷機器を流れる電流を周期的に複数回サンプリングし、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値に基づいて、前記負荷機器を流れる電流における電流駆動区間を決定し、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内から、前記電流駆動区間のサンプル値を選定して、前記負荷機器における故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値を決定することを特徴とする。
上述の駆動電流検出方法によって決定された、故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値を用いて、前記負荷機器の故障検知を行うことを特徴とする。
20・・・負荷駆動装置、
30・・・PWM負荷機器、
40・・・電流検出装置、
50・・・駆動電流検出部、
52・・・サンプリング部、
54・・・記億部、
56・・・駆動電流演算部、
60・・・故障判定部。
1.1.故障検知装置の構成
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る故障検知装置10の構成を示すブロック図である。図1のブロック図は、故障検知装置10と共に、負荷駆動装置20、PWM負荷機器30、及び電流検出装置40を示している。負荷駆動装置20は、PWM負荷機器30に対して、PWM波形の電圧若しくは定電圧を供給する。PWM負荷機器30は、PWM方式で駆動電圧又は駆動電流が制御される負荷機器である。電流検出装置40は、PWM負荷機器30に流れる電流を連続的に検出する装置である。
次に、図2は、本実施の形態の故障検知装置10により監視される、PWM方式で駆動電圧又は駆動電流が制御されるPWM負荷機器30を流れる電流波形と、しきい値(Ycut)との関係を示す図である。また、図3は、本実施の形態の故障検知装置10における、故障検知処理を示すフローチャートである。図2における実線のグラフは、PWM負荷機器30を流れる電流の時間変化を示している。
Ycut=(Ymax-Ylimit)/2+Ylimit
上式に従うと、Ylimitの値が0である場合、Ycutはサンプリングされた電流の最大値の中間値、つまり、最大値Ymaxの半分の値(50%)となる。
負荷駆動装置20に接続されたPWM負荷機器30において、PWM波形のパルスの立ち上がりや立ち下がりの変化時に、ラッシュ電流が流れることやノイズが発生することが、想定される場合がある。このような場合のために、図1に示す駆動電流演算部56は、図3に示す処理S302にてサンプリング部52がサンプリングした電流値から、最も大きい値のサンプル値を除いたり、最も小さい値のサンプル値を除いたりした後で、処理S303でYcutを計算するようにしてもよい。ただし、この場合、上記のようにサンプル値を除いた後でも、少なくとも1回、PWM波形の電流駆動区間内の電流値をサンプリングできるように、サンプリング周期を決定することが求められる。
Claims (16)
- PWM方式で駆動電圧又は駆動電流が制御される負荷機器の駆動電流検出装置であって、
前記負荷機器を流れる電流を周期的に複数回サンプリングするサンプリング部と、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値に基づいて、前記負荷機器を流れる電流における電流駆動区間を決定し、更に、前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内から、前記電流駆動区間のサンプル値を選定して、前記負荷機器における故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値を決定する駆動電流演算部と
を含む駆動電流検出装置。 - 前記駆動電流演算部は、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値に基づいてしきい値を決定し、
前記しきい値に基づいて前記電流駆動区間を決定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の駆動電流検出装置。 - 前記サンプリング部は、前記負荷機器を流れる電流を測定する電流検出装置が出力する電流値をサンプリングするものであり、
前記駆動電流演算部は、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内の最大値と、前記電流検出装置が測定可能である下限値とから、前記しきい値を決定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の駆動電流検出装置。 - 前記駆動電流演算部は、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内の最大値と最小値とから、前記しきい値を決定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の駆動電流検出装置。 - 前記サンプリング部は、前記負荷機器を流れる電流を測定する電流検出装置が出力する電流値をサンプリングするものであり、
前記駆動電流演算部は、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内の最大値を除いた後、
残余の前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内の最大値と、前記電流検出装置が測定可能である下限値とから、前記しきい値を決定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の駆動電流検出装置。 - 前記駆動電流演算部は、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内の最大値と最小値を除いた後、
残余の前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内の最大値と最小値とから、前記しきい値を決定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の駆動電流検出装置。 - 前記駆動電流演算部は、
選定された前記電流駆動区間のサンプル値の平均値を、前記負荷機器における故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値として決定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の駆動電流検出装置。 - 前記サンプリング部によるサンプリングの開始から終了までの時間が、PWM波形の周期よりも長い時間であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の駆動電流検出装置。
- 少なくとも1回は、PWM波形の電流駆動区間内の電流値がサンプリングされるように、前記サンプリング部によるサンプリング周期が決定されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の駆動電流検出装置。
- 複数の種類のPWM負荷機器が接続される場合は、
前記複数の種類のPWM負荷機器の中で、PWM波形の周期が最大のもの若しくはそれより長い時間が、前記サンプリングによるサンプリング開始から終了までの時間とされ、
前記複数の種類のPWM負荷機器の中で、電流駆動区間の長さが最小のもの若しくはそれより短い時間が、前記サンプリング部によるサンプリング周期とされていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の駆動電流検出装置。 - 前記サンプリング部は、
前記負荷機器を流れる電流を複数回サンプリングする代わりに、
前記負荷機器を流れる電流と等価な電圧をサンプリングすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の駆動電流検出装置。 - 請求項1乃至11のうちのいずれか一に記載の駆動電流検出装置と、
前記駆動電流検出装置によって決定された、前記負荷機器における故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値を用いて、前記負荷機器の故障検知を行う故障判定部と
を含むことを特徴とする故障検知装置。 - 故障検知により、PWM負荷機器への電圧出力を停止することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の故障検知装置。
- PWM方式で駆動電圧又は駆動電流が制御される負荷機器の故障検知装置であって、
前記負荷機器を流れる電流を周期的に複数回サンプリングするサンプリング部と、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値に基づいて、前記負荷機器を流れる電流における、PWM波形が発生していない区間を決定し、更に、前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内から、前記PWM波形が発生していない区間のサンプル値を選定して、前記負荷機器における故障の有無を判定するための電流値を決定する駆動電流演算部と、
前記故障の有無を判定するための電流値を用いて前記負荷機器の故障検知を行う故障判定部と
を含む故障検知装置。 - PWM方式で駆動電圧又は駆動電流が制御される負荷機器の駆動電流検出方法であって、
前記負荷機器を流れる電流を周期的に複数回サンプリングし、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値に基づいて、前記負荷機器を流れる電流における電流駆動区間を決定し、
前記サンプリングされたサンプル値の内から、前記電流駆動区間のサンプル値を選定して、前記負荷機器における故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値を決定することを特徴とする駆動電流検出方法。 - 請求項15に記載の駆動電流検出方法によって決定された、故障の有無を判定するための駆動電流値を用いて、前記負荷機器の故障検知を行うことを特徴とする故障検知方法。
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