WO2010134468A1 - 半導体スイッチ装置、および半導体スイッチ装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体スイッチ装置、および半導体スイッチ装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/08—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind
- H01L27/085—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only
- H01L27/088—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L27/0883—Combination of depletion and enhancement field effect transistors
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- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/06—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including a plurality of individual components in a non-repetitive configuration
- H01L27/0605—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including a plurality of individual components in a non-repetitive configuration integrated circuits made of compound material, e.g. AIIIBV
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- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/08—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind
- H01L27/085—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only
- H01L27/095—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being Schottky barrier gate field-effect transistors
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/41—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions
- H01L29/423—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/42312—Gate electrodes for field effect devices
- H01L29/42316—Gate electrodes for field effect devices for field-effect transistors
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66848—Unipolar field-effect transistors with a Schottky gate, i.e. MESFET
- H01L29/66856—Unipolar field-effect transistors with a Schottky gate, i.e. MESFET with an active layer made of a group 13/15 material
- H01L29/66863—Lateral single gate transistors
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/80—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier
- H01L29/812—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier with a Schottky gate
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- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/823437—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type with a particular manufacturing method of the gate conductors, e.g. particular materials, shapes
- H01L21/823456—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type with a particular manufacturing method of the gate conductors, e.g. particular materials, shapes gate conductors with different shapes, lengths or dimensions
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- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/20—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor switch device in which a switch circuit or the like is configured by a semiconductor element such as an FET (field effect transistor), and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor switch device.
- a semiconductor element such as an FET (field effect transistor)
- the system transition from the 2nd generation mobile phone system to the 3rd generation mobile phone system is progressing. Along with this system transition, an example in which an integrated circuit in which a logic circuit and an amplifier circuit are integrated in a switch circuit is used in a front end portion of a cellular phone.
- a certain type of integrated circuit includes a semiconductor switch device in which a depletion type FET (hereinafter referred to as D type FET) and an enhancement type FET (hereinafter referred to as E type FET) are mixedly mounted on a single semiconductor substrate.
- D type FET depletion type FET
- E type FET enhancement type FET
- a D-type FET has a normally-on characteristic in which a threshold voltage becomes negative when a drain current starts to flow, and has a feature that an insertion loss is smaller than that of an E-type FET.
- the E-type FET has a normally-off characteristic in which a threshold voltage when a drain current starts to flow is positive, and is often used in an amplifier circuit and a logic circuit.
- the intermodulation distortion In the 3rd generation mobile phone system, in addition to the harmonic distortion (signal distortion) that was a problem from the 2nd generation mobile phone system, the intermodulation distortion also causes a reception error by entering the reception path. It has become. Intermodulation distortion is generated by mixing interfering radio waves and transmission waves existing in the air. For this reason, in the third generation mobile phone system, distortion characteristics that were not considered as a problem in the second generation mobile phone system can be said to be important characteristics, and improvement of distortion characteristics by reducing harmonic distortion and intermodulation distortion is desired.
- the inventors of the present application have found that the linearity of the capacitance characteristics in the FET constituting the switch circuit has a great influence on the distortion characteristics, and have reached the present invention.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor switch device having a structure for improving distortion characteristics and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor switch device.
- a plurality of semiconductor elements each having a recess for example, an E-type FET and a D-type FET are formed on a single semiconductor substrate.
- the switch circuit and a connection circuit such as a logic circuit connected to the switch circuit are configured using a plurality of semiconductor elements.
- Each semiconductor element includes a gate electrode formation portion having a gate electrode, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, a drain electrode formation portion, and a source electrode formation portion.
- the gate electrode formation portion is disposed between the drain electrode formation portion and the source electrode formation portion.
- the switch circuit is composed of a semiconductor element in which the outer shape of the gate electrode is a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
- the connection circuit includes a semiconductor element in which the outer shape of the gate electrode is different from the rectangular cross-sectional shape, for example, a V-shaped cross section or a T-shaped cross section.
- a gate electrode having a rectangular cross section (hereinafter referred to as a rectangular gate) has a V-shaped cross section or a T-shaped gate electrode (hereinafter referred to as a V-shaped gate and a T-shaped gate).
- a rectangular gate has a V-shaped cross section or a T-shaped gate electrode (hereinafter referred to as a V-shaped gate and a T-shaped gate).
- the stray capacitance component is reduced.
- This stray capacitance component remains when the switch circuit is turned off and causes leakage of a high-frequency signal, which deteriorates the distortion characteristics of the switch circuit.
- a rectangular gate can form a wider recess than a V-type gate or a T-type gate.
- the potential gradient between the gate electrode and the source electrode and between the gate electrode and the drain electrode can be relaxed when the switch circuit is turned off, and the linearity of the capacitance characteristic in the D-type FET is improved. Therefore, the distortion characteristics of the switch circuit can be improved.
- the recess width is wide, the resistance in the channel region may increase.
- improvement of distortion characteristics is more important than suppression of resistance in the channel region. Therefore, in the present invention, a rectangular gate that easily widens the recess width is employed in a switch circuit in which increasing the recess width is effective in improving the distortion characteristics.
- a V-type gate or a T-type gate is formed to suppress an increase in resistance in the channel region of the E-type FET.
- the recess is a groove having a concave cross section formed between the drain electrode forming portion and the source electrode forming portion, and the width of the groove is the recess width.
- the recess is composed of a first recess portion and a second recess portion deeper than the first recess portion, and the recess width of the second recess portion is narrower than the recess width of the first recess portion. Is preferable. Thereby, the stray capacitance component generated in the recess can be further reduced, and the linearity of the capacitance characteristic in the semiconductor element can be improved.
- the ratio of the recess width of the second recess portion to the recess width of the first recess portion is larger in the semiconductor element including the rectangular gate than in the semiconductor element including the V-type gate and the T-type gate. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress an increase in resistance in the channel region of the semiconductor element in the connection circuit while reliably improving the distortion characteristics of the semiconductor element in the switch circuit.
- a plurality of semiconductor elements each having a recess are formed on a single semiconductor substrate. Further, the switch circuit and the connection circuit connected to the switch circuit are configured using a plurality of semiconductor elements.
- Each semiconductor element includes a gate electrode formation portion having a gate electrode, a drain electrode, and a source electrode, a drain electrode formation portion, and a source electrode formation portion.
- the gate electrode formation portion is disposed between the drain electrode formation portion and the source electrode formation portion.
- the recess is composed of a first recess portion and a second recess portion deeper than the first recess portion, and the recess width of the second recess portion is narrower than the recess width of the first recess portion. It is.
- the ratio of the recess width of the second recess portion to the recess width of the first recess portion is larger in the semiconductor element constituting the switch circuit than in the semiconductor element constituting the connection circuit. Thereby, the linearity of the capacitance characteristic in the semiconductor element constituting the switch circuit can be improved.
- the recess width in the second recess portion is wider in a semiconductor element having a gate electrode having a rectangular cross section than a semiconductor element having a gate electrode having a shape different from the rectangular cross section. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in resistance in the channel region of the semiconductor element in the connection circuit while further improving the distortion characteristics of the semiconductor element in the switch circuit.
- an amplifier circuit provided with a semiconductor element having a V-type gate or a T-type gate is formed on a semiconductor substrate.
- the amplifier circuit is integrated with the semiconductor substrate, so that the circuit configuration can be highly integrated and the manufacturing process can be shared.
- a rectangular gate is formed after forming a V-type gate or a T-type gate. Since the V-type gate and the T-type gate have a complicated shape and a complicated manufacturing process, if the rectangular gate is formed before forming the V-type gate or the T-type gate, the V-type gate or the T-type gate is manufactured. There is an increased risk that damage due to heat, etc. will reach the rectangular gate. Therefore, damage can be suppressed by forming a rectangular gate with a simple manufacturing process later.
- the present invention it is possible to improve the linearity of the capacitance characteristics in the semiconductor element while suppressing a decrease in amplification factor and an increase in impedance component. As a result, it is possible to improve the distortion characteristics and suppress the occurrence of reception errors in the third generation mobile phone system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor switch device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram of the semiconductor switch device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the semiconductor switch device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state at each stage of a manufacturing process of the semiconductor switch device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor switch device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of the semiconductor switch device shown in FIG. 5.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor switch device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the outline of the semiconductor switch apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention.
- the semiconductor switch device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described based on an example in which an FET is formed as a semiconductor element.
- the present invention can be suitably implemented even with a high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) which is a kind of FET.
- HEMT high electron mobility transistor
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the semiconductor switch device 1.
- the semiconductor switch device 1 includes a plurality of semiconductor elements including at least two types of semiconductor elements E1 and D1.
- a configuration example in which the semiconductor element E1 and the semiconductor element D1 are juxtaposed is illustrated in the drawing.
- the semiconductor switch device 1 includes a semiconductor substrate 2, gate electrodes 4A and 4B, source electrodes 5A and 5B, and drain electrodes 6A and 6B.
- the semiconductor substrate 2 includes a GaAs layer 2A that is a semiconductor layer, a channel layer 2B that is epitaxially grown on the GaAs layer 2A, and a contact layer 2C that is epitaxially grown on the channel layer 2B.
- the semiconductor substrate 2 includes a groove 3C formed by removing a part of the contact layer 2C, the channel layer 2B, and the GaAs layer 2A.
- the groove 3C defines a region for forming each semiconductor element and exposes the GaAs layer 2A to the outer surface.
- the semiconductor substrate 2 includes recesses 3A and 3B formed by removing a part of the contact layer 2C in a region where each semiconductor element is formed.
- the recesses 3A and 3B expose the channel layer 2B to the outer surface.
- the source electrodes 5A and 5B and the drain electrodes 6A and 6B are respectively formed at positions that form ridges beside the recesses 3A and 3B in the contact layer 2C.
- the source electrodes 5A and 5B and the contact layer 2C immediately below form the source electrode forming part of the present invention.
- the drain electrodes 6A and 6B and the channel layer 2B immediately below form the drain electrode forming portion of the present invention.
- the gate electrodes 4A and 4B are formed on the lowest surfaces of the recesses 3A and 3B.
- the gate electrode 4A is formed by being partially embedded in the channel layer 2B, and the gate electrode 4B is formed on the channel layer 2B.
- the portions of the gate electrodes 4A and 4B that protrude from the lowest surfaces of the recesses 3A and 3B constitute the gate electrode forming portion of the present invention.
- the semiconductor element E1 is an E-type FET, and includes a semiconductor substrate 2, a gate electrode 4A, a source electrode 5A, and a drain electrode 6A.
- the gate electrode 4A is a V-shaped gate having a V-shaped cross section (hereinafter referred to as a V-shaped gate 4A).
- a recess 3 ⁇ / b> A is formed in a region where the semiconductor element E ⁇ b> 1 is formed in the semiconductor substrate 2.
- the recess 3A has a two-stage cross section formed of a first recess formed by processing the contact layer 2C and a second recess formed by processing the channel layer 2B.
- the recess width L1 in the first recess portion is wider than the recess width L2 in the second recess portion.
- the semiconductor element D1 is a D-type FET, and includes a semiconductor substrate 2, a gate electrode 4B, a source electrode 5B, and a drain electrode 6B.
- the gate electrode 4B is a rectangular gate having a rectangular cross section (hereinafter referred to as a rectangular gate 4B).
- a recess 3B is formed in a region of the semiconductor substrate 2 where the semiconductor element D1 is to be formed.
- the recess 3B has a two-stage cross section formed of a first recess formed by processing the contact layer 2C and a second recess formed by processing the channel layer 2B.
- the recess width L1 ′ at the first recess portion is wider than the recess width L2 ′ at the second recess portion.
- the semiconductor element D1 of the present embodiment since the surface area can be reduced by adopting the rectangular gate 4B, the semiconductor substrate 2, the source electrode 5B, and the drain electrode 6B are more than when a V-type gate or a T-type gate is adopted.
- the stray capacitance component generated between the two can be reduced.
- the semiconductor element E1 employs a V-type gate to suppress a decrease in amplification factor and an increase in impedance component.
- the capacitance characteristics of the semiconductor element will be described by taking a D-type FET as an example.
- FIG. 2A is a graph showing the relationship between the source-drain capacitance Coff and the gate-source voltage Vgs when the D-type FET is off.
- a case where a rectangular gate is adopted for the D-type FET and a case where a V-type gate is adopted are compared and displayed, and the gate-source voltage Vgs is shown as a so-called reverse voltage.
- the slope of the change in the capacitance Coff is smaller in the rectangular gate than in the V-type gate in the region where the voltage Vgs is larger than the pinch-off voltage of about 0.8V.
- FIG. 2 (B) shows the relationship between the source-drain capacitance Coff and the ratio of the recess width of the second recess portion to the recess width of the first recess portion in the two-stage rectangular gate. It is a graph which shows a relationship. In this case, data with the same condition for the gate-source voltage Vgs is comparatively displayed.
- the explanation was made on the data in which the ratio of the recess width in the rectangular gate is different, but this relationship is established regardless of the gate shape. Therefore, if the ratio of the recess width in a semiconductor element that should reduce the capacitance Coff, such as a semiconductor element that constitutes a switch circuit, is made larger than the ratio of the recess width in a semiconductor element that is less necessary to reduce the capacitance Coff. Is preferred.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the semiconductor switch device 1.
- the semiconductor switch device 1 includes a switch circuit SW and a logic circuit LOGIC.
- FIG. 3B is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the switch circuit SW.
- the switch circuit SW is composed of a plurality of semiconductor elements D1, and includes input / output ports PORT1, PORT2 and an antenna port ANT.
- each semiconductor element D1 is turned on or off by the control voltage input to the control terminal, and the connection of the input / output ports PORT1 and PORT2 to the antenna port ANT is selected.
- all the semiconductor elements constituting the switch circuit SW are assumed to be the semiconductor element D1 including the rectangular gate 4B. As a result, the linearity of the capacitance characteristic of each semiconductor element D1 increases, and the switch circuit SW has a very good distortion characteristic.
- FIG. 3C is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the logic circuit LOGIC.
- the logic circuit LOGIC includes a semiconductor element D1 and a semiconductor element E1.
- the logic circuit LOGIC outputs a logic level voltage to the control terminal of the switch circuit SW based on the control voltage Vctl input to the input port.
- the semiconductor element E1 having a V-type gate in the logic circuit LOGIC the gain of the semiconductor element E1 is reduced and the impedance is lower than when the gate electrode forming portions of the semiconductor element E1 are all rectangular in cross section. Increase in components can be suppressed.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the region dividing step in the manufacturing process.
- a groove 3C is formed at a position in the semiconductor substrate 2 that partitions a plurality of semiconductor elements. Specifically, first, a flat semiconductor substrate 2 including a GaAs layer 2A, a channel layer 2B, and a contact layer 2C is prepared. Then, a groove 3C is formed at a depth from the contact layer 2C to the GaAs layer 2A by etching or the like. When this step is finished, the process proceeds to the next ohmic electrode forming step.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the ohmic electrode forming step in this manufacturing process.
- ohmic electrodes to be the drain electrodes 6A and 6B and the source electrodes 5A and 5B are formed in each region partitioned by the groove 3C.
- Each ohmic electrode is formed by a metal vapor deposition method or the like.
- FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the common etching step in this manufacturing process.
- the first recess portions 13A and 13B of the recesses 3A and 3B are formed. Specifically, first, a resist film is formed by photolithography. Next, a part of the contact layer 2C is removed by wet etching or dry etching. Then, the resist film is removed. When this process is completed, the process proceeds to the next E-type FET etching process.
- FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the E-type FET etching step in this manufacturing process.
- the second recess portion 13C of the recess 3A is formed.
- a resist film 11A is formed on the semiconductor substrate 2 by photolithography.
- a resist window having a taper matching the shape of the lower surface of the V-type gate 4A is formed in the resist film 11A.
- a resist film 11B is formed by photolithography on the resist film 11A.
- a resist window having an opening shape that matches the shape of the V-type gate 4A viewed from above is formed in the resist film 11B.
- a part of the channel layer 2B is removed by a wet etching method or a dry etching method. When this process is finished, the process proceeds to the next E-type FET gate electrode forming process.
- FIG. 4E is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the E-type FET gate electrode forming step in this manufacturing process.
- the V-type gate 4A is formed. Specifically, first, a metal vapor deposition method is performed using the resist films 11A and 11B formed in the previous step. Then, the resist films 11A and 11B are removed. Here, the resist film used in the previous step is shared in forming the V-shaped gate 4A, and the resist film forming process is reduced. When this process is finished, the process proceeds to the next D-type FET etching process.
- FIG. 4F is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the D-type FET etching step in this manufacturing process.
- the second recess portion 13D of the recess 3B is formed.
- a resist film 11C is formed on the semiconductor substrate 2 by photolithography.
- a resist window having an opening shape that matches the shape of the rectangular gate 4B viewed from above is formed.
- a part of the channel layer 2B is removed by a wet etching method or a dry etching method.
- the process proceeds to the next D-type FET gate electrode forming process.
- FIG. 4G is a cross-sectional view showing a state in the D-type FET gate electrode forming step in this manufacturing process.
- the rectangular gate 4B is formed. Specifically, first, a metal vapor deposition method is performed using the resist film 11C formed in the previous step. Then, the resist film 11C is removed.
- the resist film used in the previous step is shared for forming the rectangular gate 4B, thereby reducing the resist film formation process.
- the semiconductor switch device 1 is manufactured by the above-described general manufacturing process.
- the rectangular gate 4B is formed after the V-type gate 4A having a long manufacturing process is formed, even if each type of semiconductor element is formed in order, the semiconductor element formed in advance is formed. Thus, it is possible to suppress the influence exerted on the process of the semiconductor element formed later.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the semiconductor switch device 21.
- the semiconductor switch device 21 includes a plurality of semiconductor elements including at least three types of semiconductor elements E1, D1, and D2.
- the semiconductor element D2 is a D-type FET and includes a semiconductor substrate 22, a gate electrode 24, a source electrode 25, and a drain electrode 26.
- the gate electrode 24 is a V-shaped gate having a V-shaped cross section (hereinafter referred to as a V-shaped gate 24).
- a region of the semiconductor substrate 22 where the semiconductor element D2 is formed includes a recess 23 formed by removing a part of the contact layer 2C.
- the recess 23 has a two-stage cross section and has a recess width of the same dimensions as the semiconductor element E1.
- the source electrode 25 and the drain electrode 26 are formed on the contact layer beside the recess 23, respectively.
- the recess width L2 is minimized by adopting the V-type gate 24 as compared with the case of employing a rectangular gate. This suppresses a decrease in amplification factor and an increase in impedance component in the semiconductor element D2.
- FIG. 6A is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the semiconductor switch device 1.
- the semiconductor switch device 1 includes a switch circuit SW, a logic circuit LOGIC, a power amplifier PA, and a low noise amplifier LNA.
- FIG. 6B is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the switch circuit SW.
- the switch circuit SW is composed of a plurality of semiconductor elements D1.
- all the semiconductor elements constituting the switch circuit SW are assumed to be the semiconductor element D1 including the rectangular gate 4B.
- the linearity of the capacitance characteristic of each semiconductor element D1 increases, and the switch circuit SW has a very good distortion characteristic.
- FIG. 6C is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating a configuration example of the logic circuit LOGIC.
- the logic circuit LOGIC includes a semiconductor element D2 and a semiconductor element E1.
- the logic circuit LOGIC outputs a logic level voltage to the control terminal of the switch circuit SW based on the control voltage Vctl input to the input port.
- the logic circuit LOGIC by configuring the logic circuit LOGIC with the semiconductor elements E1 and D2 having V-type gates, it is possible to suppress a decrease in amplification factor and an increase in impedance components in the semiconductor elements E1 and D2.
- FIG. 6D is a schematic circuit diagram for explaining a configuration example of the power amplifier PA and the low noise amplifier LNA.
- the power amplifier PA and the low noise amplifier LNA are composed of a semiconductor element D2. Thereby, the fall of the gain in a semiconductor element D2 and an impedance component increase can be controlled.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the semiconductor switch device 31.
- the semiconductor switch device 31 includes a plurality of semiconductor elements including at least three types of semiconductor elements E2, D1, and D3.
- the semiconductor element D3 is a D-type FET and includes a gate electrode 34A.
- the semiconductor element E2 is an E-type FET and includes a gate electrode 34B.
- the gate electrodes 34A and 34B are T-type gates formed in a T-shaped cross section.
- the T-type gate 24 is used instead of the V-type gate as in the present embodiment, the reduction of the amplification factor and the increase of the impedance component in the semiconductor element are suppressed by minimizing the recess width as in the case of the V-type gate. it can.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the semiconductor switch device 41.
- the semiconductor switch device 41 includes a plurality of semiconductor elements including at least three types of semiconductor elements E2, D4, and D3.
- the semiconductor element D4 is a D-type FET having a rectangular gate, and includes a semiconductor substrate 42 on which a recess 43 is formed.
- the recess 43 is configured with a recess width having the same dimensions as the semiconductor element D3 and the semiconductor element E2.
- the structure of the semiconductor element D4 is employed as a semiconductor element constituting the switch circuit SW.
- the distortion characteristics of the switch circuit can be improved by using a T-type gate, a V-type gate and a rectangular gate together. .
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Abstract
Description
ただし、リセス幅が広ければチャネル領域での抵抗が大きくなる虞がある。しかしながら、本発明が対象に想定する第3世代携帯電話システムでは、チャネル領域での抵抗の抑制よりも歪特性の改善がより重要な課題である。そこで本発明では、リセス幅を広げることが歪特性の改善に効果的なスイッチ回路では、リセス幅を広げやすい矩形ゲートを採用する。一方、リセス幅を広げても歪特性に対する影響が少ない接続回路では、V型ゲートやT型ゲートを形成して、E型FETにおけるチャネル領域での抵抗増大を抑制する。なお、リセスとはドレイン電極形成部とソース電極形成部との間に形成した断面凹状の溝部のことであり、その溝部の幅がリセス幅である。
これにより、スイッチ回路を構成する半導体素子における容量特性の線形性を改善できる。
以下、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る半導体スイッチ装置1について半導体素子としてFETを形成する例に基づいて説明する。なお本発明は、FETの一種であるHEMT(high Electron Mobility Transistor)であっても好適に実施できる。
半導体スイッチ装置1は、少なくとも2種の半導体素子E1,D1を含む複数の半導体素子を備える。ここでは、半導体素子E1と半導体素子D1とを併置した構成例を図中に例示している。
ここでは、スイッチ回路SWを構成する半導体素子を全て、矩形ゲート4Bを備える半導体素子D1とする。これにより、各半導体素子D1の容量特性において線形性が高まり、スイッチ回路SWは極めて良好な歪特性を備えるものになる。
ここでは、論理回路LOGICに、V型ゲートを備える半導体素子E1を設けることにより、半導体素子E1のゲート電極形成部を全て断面矩形状にする場合よりも、半導体素子E1における増幅率の低下やインピーダンス成分増加を抑制できる。
この工程では、半導体基板2における複数の半導体素子を区画する位置に溝3Cを形成する。具体的には、まず、GaAs層2Aとチャネル層2Bとコンタクト層2Cとを備える平板状の半導体基板2を用意する。そして、エッチングなどによりコンタクト層2CからGaAs層2Aに至る深さで溝3Cを形成する。この工程を終えると、次のオーミック電極形成工程に移行する。
この工程では、溝3Cで区画された各領域に、ドレイン電極6A,6Bおよびソース電極5A,5Bとなるオーミック電極を形成する。各オーミック電極は、金属蒸着法などにより形成する。この工程を終えると、次の共通エッチング工程に移行する。
この工程では、リセス3A,3Bそれぞれの第1のリセス部13A,13Bを形成する。具体的には、まず、レジスト膜をフォトリソグラフィ法で形成する。次に、ウェットエッチングやドライエッチング法でコンタクト層2Cの一部を除去する。そして、レジスト膜を除去する。この工程を終えると、次のE型FETエッチング工程に移行する。
この工程では、リセス3Aの第2のリセス部13Cを形成する。具体的には、まず、半導体基板2にレジスト膜11Aをフォトリソグラフィ法で形成する。レジスト膜11Aには、V型ゲート4Aの下面形状に一致するテーパを有するレジスト窓を形成する。そして、レジスト膜11Aに積層してレジスト膜11Bをフォトリソグラフィ法で形成する。レジスト膜11Bには、V型ゲート4Aの上面視形状と一致する開口形状を有するレジスト窓を形成する。そして、ウェットエッチング法やドライエッチング法などでチャネル層2Bの一部を除去する。この工程を終えると、次のE型FETゲート電極形成工程に移行する。
この工程では、V型ゲート4Aを形成する。具体的には、まず、前工程で形成したレジスト膜11A,11Bを利用して金属蒸着法を実施する。そして、レジスト膜11A,11Bを除去する。ここでは、V型ゲート4Aの成形に、前工程で利用したレジスト膜を共用し、レジスト膜の形成プロセスを削減している。この工程を終えると、次のD型FETエッチング工程に移行する。
この工程では、リセス3Bの第2のリセス部13Dを形成する。具体的には、まず、半導体基板2にレジスト膜11Cをフォトリソグラフィ法で形成する。レジスト膜11Cには、矩形ゲート4Bの上面視形状と一致する開口形状を有するレジスト窓を形成する。そして、ウェットエッチング法やドライエッチング法などでチャネル層2Bの一部を除去する。この工程を終えると、次のD型FETゲート電極形成工程に移行する。
この工程では、矩形ゲート4Bを形成する。具体的には、まず、前工程で形成したレジスト膜11Cを利用して金属蒸着法を実施する。そして、レジスト膜11Cを除去する。ここでは、矩形ゲート4Bの成形に、前工程で利用したレジスト膜を共用し、レジスト膜の形成プロセスを削減している。
以下、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る半導体スイッチ装置21について説明する。以下の説明では、第1の実施形態と同じ構成には同じ符号を付し、説明を省く。
半導体スイッチ装置21は、少なくとも3種の半導体素子E1,D1,D2を含む複数の半導体素子を備える。
ここでは、スイッチ回路SWを構成する半導体素子を全て、矩形ゲート4Bを備える半導体素子D1とする。これにより、各半導体素子D1の容量特性において線形性が高まり、スイッチ回路SWは極めて良好な歪特性を備えるものになる。
ここでは、論理回路LOGICを、V型ゲートを備える半導体素子E1,D2で構成することにより、半導体素子E1,D2における増幅率の低下やインピーダンス成分増加を抑制できる。
以下、本発明の第3の実施形態に係る半導体スイッチ装置31について説明する。以下の説明では、第1および第2の実施形態と同じ構成には同じ符号を付し、説明を省く。
半導体スイッチ装置31は、少なくとも3種の半導体素子E2,D1,D3を含む複数の半導体素子を備える。
以下、本発明の第4の実施形態に係る半導体スイッチ装置41について説明する。以下の説明では、第1乃至第3の実施形態と同じ構成には同じ符号を付し、説明を省く。
半導体スイッチ装置41は、少なくとも3種の半導体素子E2,D4,D3を含む複数の半導体素子を備える。
2…半導体基板
3A,3B…リセス
3C…溝
4A…ゲート電極(V型ゲート)
4B…ゲート電極(矩形ゲート)
5A,5B…ソース電極
6A,6B…ドレイン電極
E1,D1…半導体素子
LOGIC…論理回路
SW…スイッチ回路
Claims (8)
- それぞれにリセスを備える複数の半導体素子を半導体基板に形成し、
スイッチ回路と、前記スイッチ回路に接続される接続回路とを、それぞれ前記複数の半導体素子を用いて構成した半導体スイッチ装置であって、
各半導体素子は、
ソース電極を有するソース電極形成部と、
ドレイン電極を有するドレイン電極形成部と、
前記リセスの最低面より突出し、前記ドレイン電極形成部と前記ソース電極形成部との間に配置されるゲート電極を有するゲート電極形成部と、を備え、
前記スイッチ回路は、前記ゲート電極の外形状が断面矩形状である半導体素子で構成され、
前記接続回路は、前記ゲート電極の外形状が断面矩形状とは異なる形状である半導体素子を備える、半導体スイッチ装置。 - 前記リセスは、前記ドレイン電極形成部と前記ソース電極形成部との間に形成された第1のリセス部と、前記ゲート電極形成部の周囲に前記第1のリセス部よりも深く形成された第2のリセス部とから構成され、前記第2のリセス部のリセス幅は前記第1のリセス部のリセス幅よりも狭い多段形状である、請求項1に記載の半導体スイッチ装置。
- 前記第1のリセス部のリセス幅に対する、前記第2のリセス部のリセス幅の比が、断面矩形状とは異なる形状の前記ゲート電極を備える半導体素子よりも、断面矩形状の前記ゲート電極を備える半導体素子で大きい、請求項2に記載の半導体スイッチ装置。
- それぞれにリセスを備える複数の半導体素子を半導体基板に形成し、
スイッチ回路と、前記スイッチ回路に接続される接続回路とを、それぞれ前記複数の半導体素子を用いて構成した半導体スイッチ装置であって、
各半導体素子は、
ソース電極を有するソース電極形成部と、
ドレイン電極を有するドレイン電極形成部と、
前記リセスの最低面より突出し、前記ドレイン電極形成部と前記ソース電極形成部との間に配置されるゲート電極を有するゲート電極形成部と、を備え、
前記リセスは、前記ドレイン電極形成部と前記ソース電極形成部との間に形成された第1のリセス部と、前記ゲート電極形成部の周囲に前記第1のリセス部よりも深く形成された第2のリセス部とから構成され、前記第2のリセス部のリセス幅は前記第1のリセス部のリセス幅よりも狭い多段形状であり、
前記第1のリセス部のリセス幅に対する、前記第2のリセス部のリセス幅の比が、前記接続回路を構成する半導体素子よりも、前記スイッチ回路を構成する半導体素子で大きい、半導体スイッチ装置。 - 前記第2のリセス部におけるリセス幅が、断面矩形状とは異なる形状の前記ゲート電極を備える半導体素子よりも、断面矩形状の前記ゲート電極を備える半導体素子で広い、請求項2または3に記載の半導体スイッチ装置。
- 前記スイッチ回路を構成する半導体素子は、デプレッション型FETである、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の半導体スイッチ装置。
- 断面矩形状とは異なる形状の前記ゲート電極を備える半導体素子を設けたアンプ回路を、前記半導体基板にさらに形成した、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の半導体スイッチ装置。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の半導体スイッチ装置の製造方法であって、
断面矩形状とは異なる形状の前記ゲート電極を形成する工程の後に、
断面矩形状の前記ゲート電極を形成する工程を行う、
半導体スイッチ装置の製造方法。
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JP2008263146A (ja) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-30 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2016529712A (ja) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-09-23 | エフィシエント パワー コンヴァーション コーポレーション | 閾値電圧がマッチングした集積回路およびこれを作製するための方法 |
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TW201108395A (en) | 2011-03-01 |
CN102428550A (zh) | 2012-04-25 |
JP5652392B2 (ja) | 2015-01-14 |
CN102428550B (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
JPWO2010134468A1 (ja) | 2012-11-12 |
EP2434538A4 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
EP2434538A1 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
EP2434538B1 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
US20120091513A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
TWI509774B (zh) | 2015-11-21 |
US8933497B2 (en) | 2015-01-13 |
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