WO2010109795A1 - Pile à combustible à électrolyte solide polymère et séparateur associé - Google Patents

Pile à combustible à électrolyte solide polymère et séparateur associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010109795A1
WO2010109795A1 PCT/JP2010/001712 JP2010001712W WO2010109795A1 WO 2010109795 A1 WO2010109795 A1 WO 2010109795A1 JP 2010001712 W JP2010001712 W JP 2010001712W WO 2010109795 A1 WO2010109795 A1 WO 2010109795A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separator
flat plate
fuel cell
cell stack
corrugated
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2010/001712
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
山本曜子
松本敏宏
日下部弘樹
竹口伸介
中川貴嗣
Original Assignee
パナソニック株式会社
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Priority to JP2010542469A priority Critical patent/JP4897928B2/ja
Publication of WO2010109795A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010109795A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0297—Arrangements for joining electrodes, reservoir layers, heat exchange units or bipolar separators to each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a separator for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
  • the polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack (hereinafter also referred to as “fuel cell stack”) has a cell stack in which a plurality of single cells are stacked and connected in series.
  • Each single cell includes a membrane electrode assembly (hereinafter also referred to as “MEA”) and a pair of separators disposed on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly.
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • the MEA has a polymer electrolyte membrane and a pair of catalyst electrodes (a fuel electrode and an air electrode) disposed on both sides of the polymer electrolyte membrane.
  • the separator has a gas flow path for supplying fuel gas or oxidizing gas to the MEA.
  • Each single cell is electrically connected via a separator.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell stack disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3.
  • the fuel cell stack 10 includes a cell stack 3 in which single cells are stacked, a pair of current collector plates 2 that sandwich the cell stack, and a pair of cells that sandwich the cell stack 3 and the current collector plate 2. And an end plate 1.
  • FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of the cell stack 3 of the fuel cell stack 10 shown in FIG. 1A.
  • the cell stack 3 includes a plurality of single cells 20 each including a membrane electrode assembly 21 and a pair of separators (a fuel electrode separator 23 and an air electrode separator 25) sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly 21.
  • a membrane electrode assembly 21 and a pair of separators (a fuel electrode separator 23 and an air electrode separator 25) sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly 21.
  • the fuel electrode separator 23 and the air electrode separator 25 are corrugated metal plates having a concave and convex shape integrated with the front and back surfaces, and have a corrugated cross-sectional shape.
  • the recess 24 on the surface of the fuel electrode separator 23 that contacts the membrane electrode assembly 21 is a fuel gas flow path.
  • the concave portion 26 on the surface in contact with the membrane electrode assembly 21 of the air electrode separator 25 is an oxidizing gas flow path.
  • Patent Documents 4 and 5 a technique for forming a molten carbonate fuel cell separator from a flat plate and a corrugated plate is known (see, for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5).
  • a support having elasticity between a current collector plate (flat plate) that contacts the electrode and an interconnector (flat plate) that separates the reaction gas. (Corrugated sheet) is provided.
  • the tolerance of the thickness of the current collector plate can be absorbed by the elasticity of the support.
  • Patent Document 6 a technique for incorporating a core coated with a conductive member in a separator is known (see, for example, Patent Document 6).
  • a force in the cell stacking direction is applied to the stack and a load is applied to the cell stack.
  • the corrugated separator as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 has low rigidity against the force in the cell stacking direction. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2B, when a force in the cell stacking direction Y is applied, the separator extends in the direction X perpendicular to the cell stacking direction Y, and the separator thickness T decreases. For this reason, in a fuel cell stack as disclosed in Patent Document 2 or 3, even if a force is applied in the cell stacking direction, the separator absorbs the force and the load applied to the cell stack does not increase. For this reason, the contact resistance between cells does not decrease, and the output of the fuel cell stack does not increase sufficiently.
  • the constituent members such as the separator and the MEA contract at a low temperature (for example, below freezing point).
  • a low temperature for example, below freezing point.
  • the cell stack contracts in the stacking direction, thereby reducing the load applied to the cell stack.
  • the fuel cell stacks disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 have a problem that the load applied to the cell stack is too small at a low temperature and the startability at a low temperature is not excellent.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator capable of making a contact area between cells constant and efficiently applying a load to a cell stack.
  • the present inventor configures the separator as a corrugated plate and a flat plate, and fixes the corrugated plate to the flat plate, thereby making the contact area between the cells constant and efficiently applying a load to the cell stack.
  • the headline and further investigation were added to complete the invention.
  • the first of the present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator described below.
  • a separator for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a flat plate and a corrugated plate laminated on the flat plate, and a concave portion of a surface of the two surfaces of the corrugated plate not facing the flat plate Is a separator for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which is a gas flow path.
  • the second of the present invention relates to a single polymer electrolyte fuel cell unit cell shown below.
  • a solid having a polymer electrolyte membrane, a membrane electrode assembly having a pair of catalyst electrodes composed of a fuel electrode and an oxidation electrode sandwiching the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a pair of separators sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly A polymer fuel cell single cell, wherein the separator is a solid polymer fuel cell separator according to any one of [1] to [5].
  • a third aspect of the present invention relates to a single fuel cell stack shown below. [7] A fuel cell stack having a cell stack in which the single cells according to [6] are stacked.
  • the surface that contacts an adjacent cell is flat, so that a constant contact area can be always secured between the cells. For this reason, the contact resistance between cells can be lowered and a fuel cell stack with high output can be obtained.
  • the corrugated plate by fixing the corrugated plate to a flat plate, a load can be efficiently applied to the cell stack during operation of the fuel cell stack, and the output of the fuel cell stack can be improved. Further, by fixing the corrugated plate to the flat plate and making the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material larger than the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material, it is possible to suppress the load fluctuation due to the temperature change.
  • the fuel cell stack of the present invention has a cell stack.
  • the cell laminate is a single cell laminate comprising a membrane electrode assembly (hereinafter also referred to as “MEA”) and a separator sandwiching the membrane electrode assembly.
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • the MEA has a polymer electrolyte membrane and a pair of catalyst electrodes composed of a fuel electrode and an air electrode that sandwich the polymer electrolyte membrane.
  • the catalyst electrode preferably has a catalyst layer in contact with the polymer electrolyte membrane and a gas diffusion layer laminated on the catalyst layer.
  • the polymer electrolyte membrane is a polymer membrane having a function of selectively transporting protons in a wet state.
  • the material of the polymer electrolyte membrane is not particularly limited as long as it selectively moves hydrogen ions. Examples of such materials include fluorine-based polymer electrolyte membranes and hydrocarbon-based polymer electrolyte membranes. Specific examples of fluorine-based polymer electrolyte membranes include DuPont's Nafion (registered trademark), Asahi Glass Corporation's Flemion (registered trademark), Asahi Kasei Corporation's Aciplex (registered trademark), and Japan Gore-Tex Corporation's GORE. -SELECT (R) etc. are included.
  • the catalyst layer is a layer containing a catalyst that promotes a redox reaction of hydrogen or oxygen.
  • the catalyst layer is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity and has a catalytic ability to promote a redox reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the catalyst layer on the air electrode side includes, for example, platinum, an alloy of platinum and cobalt, an alloy of platinum, cobalt, and nickel as a catalyst.
  • the catalyst layer on the fuel electrode side contains platinum or an alloy of platinum and ruthenium as a catalyst.
  • the catalyst layer is made of, for example, a polymer electrolyte membrane prepared by mixing a proton conductive electrolyte and a water repellent PTFE resin into carbon fine particles such as acetylene black, ketjen black, and vulcan that carry these catalysts. It is formed by applying on top.
  • the gas diffusion layer is a porous layer having conductivity.
  • the material of the gas diffusion layer is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity and can diffuse the reaction gas.
  • the gas diffusion layer may be composed of a gas diffusion base layer that diffuses the gas supplied from the separator side into the catalyst layer, and a carbon coat layer that improves the contact between the gas diffusion base layer and the catalyst layer. Good.
  • the separator is a conductive plate for separating the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas.
  • the separator has a central portion that contacts the MEA and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion.
  • the central part of the separator has a concave part and a convex part, and the concave part constitutes a reaction gas channel (fuel gas channel or oxidizing gas channel) or a refrigerant channel.
  • the peripheral part of the separator has a refrigerant inlet manifold for supplying the refrigerant and a refrigerant outlet manifold for discharging the refrigerant.
  • the peripheral part of the separator has a manifold for supplying and exhausting fuel gas and a manifold for supplying and exhausting oxidizing gas.
  • the separator may have a rubber-like seal portion that prevents leakage of refrigerant, oxidizing gas, fuel gas, and the like.
  • the present invention is characterized by the structure of the separator.
  • the structure of the separator will be described in detail in “About the separator of the present invention” described later.
  • the fuel cell stack may further include an end plate that sandwiches a current collector plate or a cell stack.
  • the means for applying a load to the cell laminate is not particularly limited.
  • a force in the cell stacking direction is applied to a laminate composed of the cell laminate and end plate, and the laminate in the state in which the force is applied is fixed with a stud and a nut. do it.
  • the separator of this invention has a flat plate and the corrugated sheet laminated
  • the flat plate is a flat plate and is a plate having a surface (hereinafter simply referred to as “adjacent cell contact surface”) in contact with a separator (flat plate or corrugated plate) of an adjacent cell.
  • the flat plate has a central portion and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion.
  • the flat plate is preferably flat to such an extent that the contact area with the separator (flat plate or corrugated plate) of an adjacent cell becomes constant.
  • the center part of a flat plate does not have the uneven
  • the peripheral part of a flat plate may be flat and may have the uneven
  • the surface that does not face the corrugated sheet is the adjacent cell contact surface.
  • the material of the flat plate is not particularly limited and may be a metal or a resin, but is preferably a metal.
  • the thickness of the flat plate is not particularly limited, but is about 0.2 mm.
  • the corrugated plate is a conductive plate having a corrugated cross-sectional shape and forming a gas flow path.
  • the corrugated plate is formed integrally with the front and back surfaces, for example, by pressing a conductive plate.
  • the concave portion of the surface that does not face the flat plate is the gas flow path
  • the convex portion is the rib that defines the gas flow path. That is, of the two surfaces of the corrugated plate, the surface that does not face the flat plate is in contact with the MEA.
  • the recessed part of the surface which opposes a flat plate among two surfaces of a corrugated sheet may be a refrigerant
  • the convex part may be a rib which prescribes
  • the corrugated plate material may be metal or carbon, but is preferably metal.
  • the thickness of the conductive plate constituting the corrugated plate is not particularly limited, but is approximately the same as the thickness of the flat plate (about 0.2 mm).
  • the width of the gas channel is, for example, 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm, and the depth of the gas channel is also, for example, 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm.
  • the adjacent cell contact surface is constituted by a flat plate. Therefore, even if a shift occurs in the position of the separator (see FIG. 2A), the contact area between the cells does not decrease. For this reason, the contact resistance between cells is stabilized and a fuel cell with high output can be obtained.
  • the corrugated plate is preferably fixed to a flat plate.
  • the convex portion of the surface facing the flat plate of the corrugated plate may be joined to the flat plate.
  • the joining means include caulking, welding, and adhesion using an adhesive.
  • a plurality of corrugated plates may be fixed on one flat plate (see Embodiment 3, FIG. 10).
  • the shape of the rib that defines the gas flow path is preferably a forward tapered shape.
  • FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of a separator in which a corrugated plate is fixed to a flat plate.
  • the separator has a flat plate 121 and a corrugated plate 123.
  • the separator also has a gas channel 125 and a rib 127 that defines the gas channel 125.
  • the separator is laminated on the MEA 111.
  • the corrugated sheet 123 when the corrugated sheet 123 is fixed to the flat plate 121, the corrugated sheet 123 cannot slide in the X direction (direction perpendicular to the stacking direction Y of the cell stack). For this reason, even if a force in the stacking direction Y of the cell stack is applied to the separator, the corrugated sheet 123 does not slide in the X direction, and the thickness T of the separator does not change. For this reason, a separator can transmit, without weakening the force of the lamination direction Y of a cell laminated body.
  • the load applied to the cell stack can be increased during the operation of the fuel cell stack.
  • the corrugated sheet 123 fixed to the flat plate 121 cannot slide in the X direction.
  • the corrugated sheet 123 is likely to expand in the stacking direction Y and hardly expand in the X direction due to heat during operation. Therefore, during the operation of the fuel cell stack, the thickness T of the separator increases and the cell stack expands in the stacking direction Y.
  • the length in the stacking direction of the fuel cell stack including the cell stack does not change because the fuel cell stack is fixed by studs or nuts. For this reason, the load concerning the cell laminated body expanded in the lamination direction increases.
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of a separator in which the corrugated plate is not fixed to a flat plate.
  • the corrugated plate 123 easily slides in the X direction. For this reason, even if a force in the stacking direction Y of the cell stack is applied to the separator, the corrugated sheet 123 slides in the X direction, and the thickness T of the separator decreases. For this reason, the separator absorbs the force in the stacking direction Y of the cell stack, and weakens the force in the stacking direction Y.
  • the corrugated sheet 123 expands due to heat during operation of the fuel cell stack, the corrugated sheet expands in the X direction, and the cell stack hardly expands in the stacking direction Y.
  • the corrugated plate is not fixed to a flat plate or the separator is configured only by a corrugated plate like a conventional separator (see FIGS. 1 and 2), the load applied to the cell stack during operation of the fuel cell stack Cannot be increased.
  • the constituent members (MEA, separator, etc.) of the cell stack may be reduced, the length of the cell stack in the stacking direction may be reduced, and the load applied to the cell stack may be reduced.
  • the constituent members of the cell stack may expand, the length in the stacking direction of the cell stack may expand, and the load applied to the cell stack may become too strong. .
  • the load applied to the cell stack varies, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell stack becomes unstable.
  • Adjusting the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material and the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material means reducing the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material and the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material.
  • a material having a small thermal expansion coefficient may be selected for the flat plate material and the corrugated plate material.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material and the corrugated plate material is preferably 50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C. or less.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material is preferably larger than the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material. More specifically, the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material is preferably 15 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C. or more higher than the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material. In this way, by making the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material larger than the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the thickness of the separator at a low temperature and an increase in the thickness of the separator at a high temperature. More preferably, the thickness of the separator can be increased at low temperatures and the thickness of the separator can be decreased at high temperatures. Thereby, it can suppress that the length of the lamination direction of a cell laminated body changes with temperature changes, and can suppress the fluctuation
  • the flat plate material In order to make the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material larger than that of the corrugated plate material, a material having a relatively large thermal expansion coefficient is selected as the flat plate material, and the relative thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material is selected. A small material may be selected.
  • the following table shows the coefficients of thermal expansion of metals that can be used for flat and corrugated sheets.
  • a flat plate material is an aluminum plate (thermal expansion coefficient 23 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C.) and a corrugated plate material is an Fe—Ni alloy (thermal expansion coefficient 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C.).
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of a metal changes with the crystal structure of a metal. Therefore, the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal may be adjusted by adjusting the crystal grain size of the metal by a treatment such as annealing.
  • the flat plate material may be a resin (thermal expansion coefficient 50 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C. to 200 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C.), and the corrugated plate material may be a metal (see the fourth embodiment).
  • the corrugated plate is fixed to a flat plate, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material is increased by 15 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C. or more than the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material, so that the separator thickness is low. Increase and decrease at high temperatures.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material is increased by 15 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C. or more than the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate material, so that the separator thickness is low. Increase and decrease at high temperatures.
  • FIG. 4A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the separator of the present invention at a low temperature.
  • the width of the flat plate 121 having a large coefficient of thermal expansion shrinks in the X direction at low temperatures.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated sheet 123 is smaller than that of the flat plate 121, the corrugated sheet 123 does not contract as much as the flat plate 121.
  • the width of the corrugated sheet 123 fixed to the flat plate 121 is also forcibly contracted in the arrow X direction by contracting the flat plate 121.
  • FIG. 4B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the separator of the present invention at a high temperature.
  • the width of the flat plate 121 having a large thermal expansion coefficient expands in the X direction at high temperatures.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated sheet 123 is smaller than that of the flat plate 121, the corrugated sheet 123 does not expand as much as the flat plate 121.
  • the expansion of the flat plate 121 forces the width of the corrugated sheet 123 fixed to the flat plate 121 to be forcibly expanded in the arrow X direction.
  • the forward tapered rib 127 is pushed down in the Y direction.
  • the thickness T of the entire separator decreases.
  • the thickness increases at low temperatures and the thickness decreases at high temperatures.
  • a separator can be obtained.
  • the thickness of the separator of the present invention decreases at high temperatures, the length in the stacking direction of the cell stack excessively increases even when other components such as MEA expand at high temperatures. Can be suppressed. Thereby, it can suppress that the load concerning a cell laminated body at the time of high temperature increases excessively.
  • the thickness of the separator of the present invention increases at low temperatures, the length of the cell stack in the stacking direction is prevented from decreasing even when other components such as MEA are reduced at low temperatures. be able to. Thereby, it can suppress that the load concerning a cell laminated body falls at the time of low temperature.
  • FIG. 5 shows the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the flat plate and corrugated sheet materials (the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate material ⁇ the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated sheet material) and the cell at normal temperature (25 ° C.).
  • a graph showing the relationship between the length of the laminate (200 cells) and the length of the cell laminate at low temperature ( ⁇ 5 ° C.) (cell length at low temperature ⁇ cell length at normal temperature) It is.
  • a change in thickness due to a temperature change of a member (such as MEA) other than the separator in the cell stack was not considered.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate is 15 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C. or more higher than the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate
  • the thickness of the separator increases at low temperatures as shown in FIG.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the flat plate is 15 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C. or more higher than the thermal expansion coefficient of the corrugated plate, even when other components such as MEA shrink at low temperatures, A reduction in the length in the stacking direction can be suppressed.
  • the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the flat plate and the corrugated plate material is preferably 30 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ° C. or less so that the thickness of the separator does not increase excessively at low temperatures, and 20 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / More preferably, it is not higher than ° C.
  • the surface that contacts an adjacent cell is constituted by a flat plate, so that a constant contact area can always be ensured between the cells. For this reason, the contact resistance between cells can be lowered and a fuel cell stack with high output can be obtained.
  • the corrugated plate to the flat plate, it is possible to efficiently apply a load to the cell stack and improve the output of the fuel cell stack. Furthermore, the fluctuation
  • the shape of the gas flow path can be maintained by fixing the corrugated plate to the flat plate.
  • the gas can be stably supplied to the MEA.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell stack 100 of the first embodiment.
  • the fuel cell stack 100 includes a cell stack 101, an end plate 103, a stud 105, and a nut 107.
  • the cell stack 101 has a plurality of unit cells 110 stacked.
  • Each single cell 110 includes an MEA 111, a fuel electrode separator 113, an air electrode separator 115, and a seal member 117.
  • the laminate composed of the cell laminate 101 and the end plate 103 is fixed by a stud 105 and a nut 107.
  • a load consisting of the cell laminate 101 and the end plate 103 is fixed to the cell laminate 101 by the stud 105 and the nut 107.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the single cell 110.
  • the single cell 110 includes an MEA 111 and a pair of separators (a fuel electrode separator 113 and an air electrode separator 115) that sandwich the MEA 111.
  • Each of the fuel electrode separator 113 and the air electrode separator 115 has a flat plate 121 and a corrugated plate 123. In the present embodiment, two adjacent separators share one flat plate 121 (see FIG. 6).
  • the fuel electrode separator 113 and the air electrode separator 115 have a gas flow path 125 and a rib 127 that defines the gas flow path on a surface facing the MEA 111.
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the air electrode separator 115.
  • the air electrode separator 115 is produced by laminating a corrugated sheet 123 on a metal flat plate 121.
  • the corrugated sheet 123 is not fixed to the flat plate 121.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exploded perspective view of the air electrode separator 115 as an example, but the structure of the fuel electrode separator 113 is the same as that of the air electrode separator 115.
  • the surface that contacts the adjacent cell is constituted by a flat plate, so that a constant contact area can be always secured between the cells. For this reason, the contact resistance between cells can be lowered and a fuel cell stack with high output can be obtained.
  • Embodiment 2 In Embodiment 1, the aspect in which the corrugated plate is not fixed to the flat plate has been described. In the second embodiment, a mode in which a corrugated plate is fixed to a flat plate will be described.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the separator 215 of the second embodiment.
  • the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the convex portion of the surface facing the flat plate 221 of the corrugated plate 223 is joined to the metal flat plate 221, and the corrugated plate 223 is fixed to the flat plate 221.
  • Embodiments 1 and 2 the mode in which one corrugated plate is laminated on one flat plate has been described.
  • Embodiment 3 a mode in which a plurality of corrugated plates are laminated on one flat plate will be described.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the separator 315 according to the third embodiment.
  • the separator 315 includes a metal flat plate 321 and a plurality of corrugated plates 323 stacked on the flat plate 321.
  • the corrugated plates 323 are each fixed to the flat plate 321.
  • Embodiment 4 In the first to third embodiments, the aspect in which the flat plate is a metal has been described. In Embodiment 4, a mode in which the flat plate is made of resin will be described.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell stack 400 of the fourth embodiment.
  • the fuel cell stack 400 includes a cell stack 101, an end plate 103, a stud 105, and a nut 107.
  • the cell stack 101 has a plurality of unit cells 410 stacked.
  • Each single cell 410 includes an MEA 111, a fuel electrode separator 413, an air electrode separator 415, and a seal member 117.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the air electrode separator 415.
  • the separator 415 includes a resin flat plate 421 and a metal corrugated plate 423.
  • a part of the corrugated plate 423 forms a protrusion 425 that penetrates the flat plate 421.
  • the corrugated plate 423 is fixed to the flat plate 421 by the projection 425. Further, even when the resin flat plate 421 is non-conductive, the adjacent cells 410 can be electrically connected to each other by the metal protrusion 425 penetrating the flat plate 421 (see FIG. 11).
  • the fuel cell stack of the present invention is a fuel cell stack with low contact resistance between cells and high output, it is useful as a fuel cell stack for use in automobiles and household cogeneration systems.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un séparateur destiné à une pile à combustible à électrolyte solide polymère, comprenant une plaque plane sur laquelle est agencée une plate ondulée. Les parties rentrantes d'une des deux surfaces de la plaque ondulée servent de canaux de passage de gaz, cette surface n'étant pas en regard de la plaque plane. Du fait de la planéité d'une des deux surfaces du séparateur destiné à une pile à combustible à électrolyte solide polymère, se trouvant au contact de la pile adjacente, il est toujours possible d'assurer une zone de contact entre les piles adjacentes. La résistance de contact entre des piles adjacentes s'en trouve donc réduite ce qui permet d'obtenir un empilement de piles à combustible à rendement énergétique élevé.
PCT/JP2010/001712 2009-03-24 2010-03-10 Pile à combustible à électrolyte solide polymère et séparateur associé WO2010109795A1 (fr)

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EP3306721A4 (fr) * 2015-06-03 2018-05-23 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Corps de structure de séparateur métallique pour une pile à combustible, pile à combustible et empilement de piles à combustible utilisant ce même corps de structure de séparateur
RU2679628C1 (ru) * 2018-09-12 2019-02-12 Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Исследовательский Центр имени М.В. Келдыша" Устройство для подвода к электрохимическим ячейкам исходных компонентов и отвода продуктов реакции
RU2690469C1 (ru) * 2018-10-08 2019-06-03 Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Исследовательский Центр имени М.В. Келдыша" Устройство для извлечения диоксида углерода из газовых смесей

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KR102055950B1 (ko) * 2012-12-14 2019-12-13 주식회사 미코 연료 전지용 스택 구조물
KR102055951B1 (ko) * 2012-12-28 2020-01-23 주식회사 미코 연료 전지용 스택 구조물

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EP3306721A4 (fr) * 2015-06-03 2018-05-23 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Corps de structure de séparateur métallique pour une pile à combustible, pile à combustible et empilement de piles à combustible utilisant ce même corps de structure de séparateur
RU2679628C1 (ru) * 2018-09-12 2019-02-12 Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Исследовательский Центр имени М.В. Келдыша" Устройство для подвода к электрохимическим ячейкам исходных компонентов и отвода продуктов реакции
RU2690469C1 (ru) * 2018-10-08 2019-06-03 Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Исследовательский Центр имени М.В. Келдыша" Устройство для извлечения диоксида углерода из газовых смесей

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