WO2010074245A1 - 天然ゴムの製造方法 - Google Patents
天然ゴムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010074245A1 WO2010074245A1 PCT/JP2009/071635 JP2009071635W WO2010074245A1 WO 2010074245 A1 WO2010074245 A1 WO 2010074245A1 JP 2009071635 W JP2009071635 W JP 2009071635W WO 2010074245 A1 WO2010074245 A1 WO 2010074245A1
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- natural rubber
- sulfonic acid
- rubber latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/04—Purifying; Deproteinising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/075—Concentrating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/075—Concentrating
- C08C1/12—Concentrating by evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
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- the present invention relates to a method for producing natural rubber, and more particularly to a method for producing natural rubber in which the viscosity is reduced by reducing the gel content in the natural rubber and the processability is improved.
- Natural rubber has a characteristic that it has a high rubber viscosity and it is difficult to uniformly disperse various compounding agents because it contains more gel than synthetic rubber. Therefore, when kneading a rubber composition containing natural rubber, the kneading operation is performed before the kneading operation of various compounding agents, and rubber molecules are appropriately cut to lower the rubber viscosity and increase the plasticity. It is necessary. However, in general mastication work, a large amount of energy is required and the mechanical properties of rubber are reduced. Furthermore, when natural rubber is used as raw rubber for storage and transportation, the gel content increases, so that the rubber viscosity increases and the dispersibility of the compounding agent decreases during kneading, resulting in poor processability. Was a problem.
- Patent Document 1 proposes mixing a natural rubber latex with a viscosity stabilizer, solidifying and drying the mixture to reduce the viscosity of the natural rubber and to suppress an increase in the rubber viscosity over time. is doing.
- Patent Document 2 manufactures solid rubber by drying the natural rubber latex by spraying it in a pulse wave atmosphere after reducing the metal content in the natural rubber latex by treating it with a water-soluble ammonium salt. Proposed method to do.
- the natural rubber obtained by the production method described in Patent Document 2 can reduce the rubber viscosity immediately after production, but the problem is that the rubber viscosity increases again because the gel content increases with the passage of time. was there. It is generally known that a viscosity stabilizer is mixed in order to suppress the increase in rubber viscosity over time. However, viscosity stabilizers such as hydroxylamine, hydroxylamine sulfate, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride are dangerous and toxic. There was a problem that it was expensive and difficult to use for health and safety.
- the object of the present invention is to reduce the viscosity by reducing the gel content of natural rubber and to improve the processability by suppressing the increase in viscosity over time in a method that does not have safety and health problems.
- the object is to provide a method for producing natural rubber.
- the present invention includes the following (1) to (12).
- monoalkylsulfonic acid represented by the following formula (1) (poly) oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonic acid represented by the following formula (2), represented by the following formula (3)
- a method for producing natural rubber comprising adding at least one sulfonic acid selected from alkylbenzene sulfonic acids and then removing water from the mixture of the natural rubber latex and sulfonic acid.
- R 1 OSO 3 H (1)
- R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 2 O CH 2 O
- R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 to 20
- R 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 H (3) wherein R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the water-soluble compound is at least one selected from oxalic acid or various oxalates, various carbonates, boric acid or various boric acid metal salts, various metal hydroxides, phosphoric acid, and various phosphates.
- the water-soluble compound is at least one selected from ammonium phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, in (4), (5) or (6) above
- any of the above (1) to (7), wherein the sulfonic acid is at least one selected from dodecyl sulfonic acid, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, and (poly) oxyethylene lauryl ether sulfonic acid.
- the method for producing natural rubber according to one item. (9) The method for producing natural rubber according to any one of the above (1) to (8), wherein the method for removing moisture from the natural rubber latex mixture does not include a coagulation step with an acid. (10) The production of natural rubber according to any one of (1) to (9) above, wherein the natural rubber latex mixture is sprayed into a shock wave atmosphere by pulse combustion to remove moisture. Method.
- a rubber composition comprising a natural rubber produced by the method for producing natural rubber according to any one of (1) to (11) above.
- the method for producing natural rubber according to the present invention comprises at least a natural rubber latex selected from monoalkyl sulfonic acids represented by the above formulas (1) to (3), (poly) oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonic acids, and alkylbenzene sulfonic acids.
- a natural rubber latex selected from monoalkyl sulfonic acids represented by the above formulas (1) to (3), (poly) oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonic acids, and alkylbenzene sulfonic acids.
- the natural rubber production method of the present invention lowers the rubber viscosity because the magnesium element content in the natural rubber latex is reduced by applying a treatment to remove the magnesium element contained in the natural rubber latex.
- the natural rubber latex from which the magnesium element has been removed is added to at least one sulfone selected from monoalkyl sulfonic acids represented by the above formulas (1) to (3), (poly) oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonic acids, and alkylbenzene sulfonic acids.
- the sulfonic acid described above can be used without problems in terms of safety and health, unlike conventional viscosity stabilizers such as hydroxylamines.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.
- a natural rubber latex has a monoalkyl sulfonic acid represented by the following formula (1) and a (poly) oxy represented by the following formula (2). It is characterized by removing water from the mixture of natural rubber latex and sulfonic acid after adding at least one sulfonic acid selected from ethylene alkyl ether sulfonic acid and alkylbenzene sulfonic acid represented by the following formula (3): The method for producing natural rubber.
- R 1 OSO 3 H (1) (In the formula, R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.) R 2 O (CH 2 CH 2 O) n SO 3 H (2) (Wherein R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 to 20) R 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 H (3) (Wherein R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.)
- the natural rubber latex a field latex collected from a rubber tree and filtered, and / or a concentrated natural rubber latex treated therewith can be used. Either one or both of these latices may be used.
- the amount of the solid component in the natural rubber latex is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 70 parts by weight.
- the solid components in the natural rubber latex are all solid components excluding moisture (sodium liquid) and components dissolved therein.
- the field latex and concentrated natural rubber latex may also contain ammonia as a latex stabilizer.
- At least one sulfonic acid selected from monoalkyl sulfonic acid, (poly) oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonic acid, and alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is added to and mixed with natural rubber latex. Reduces gel content in natural rubber.
- an acid such as alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is added to the natural rubber latex, it is necessary to mix the latex so as not to coagulate the latex. This is because when the latex coagulates, an acid such as alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is not uniformly dispersed and mixed, and the effect of suppressing the gel content becomes insufficient.
- the gel content in natural rubber refers to an insoluble content in organic solvents such as toluene.
- organic solvents such as toluene.
- the mechanism of action of the monoalkyl sulfonic acid, (poly) oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonic acid and alkylbenzene sulfonic acid used in the present invention on the gel content in such natural rubber has not been elucidated, It is thought that it acts on the phospholipid, which is said to be a cross-linking point that is bound and forms a gel.
- these sulfonic acids can be used without problems in terms of safety and health, unlike the conventional viscosity stabilizers of hydroxylamines.
- sodium salt of sulfonic acid is known as an anionic surfactant.
- anionic surfactant is added to and mixed with the natural rubber latex instead of the sulfonic acid used in the present invention, the gel content in the natural rubber is reduced and the viscosity of the natural rubber is lowered. I can't.
- R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be either a linear or branched alkyl group.
- an alkyl group for example, a capryl group, a lauryl group (n-dodecyl group), a myristyl group, a palmityl group, a stearyl group, an oleyl group, a linole group, and a linolenic group are preferable.
- the (poly) oxyethylene alkyl ether sulfonic acid used in the present invention is represented by the following formula (2).
- R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 12.
- the alkyl group represented by R 2 may be either a linear or branched alkyl group.
- an alkyl group for example, a capryl group, a lauryl group (n-dodecyl group), a myristyl group, a palmityl group, a stearyl group, an oleyl group, a linole group, and a linolenic group are preferable.
- the alkylbenzene sulfonic acid used in the present invention is represented by the following formula (3).
- C 6 H 4 is a divalent benzene ring
- R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and any of linear and branched alkyl groups can be used. Good.
- alkyl group represented by R 3 for example, a capryl group, a lauryl group (n-dodecyl group), a myristyl group, a palmityl group, a stearyl group, an oleyl group, a linole group, a linolenic group and the like are preferable.
- the sulfonic acid used in the present invention is preferably at least one selected from dodecyl sulfonic acid (lauryl sulfuric acid), dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, and (poly) oxyethylene lauryl ether sulfonic acid.
- the dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid may be branched dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (ABS) in addition to the above alkylbenzenesulfonic acid (linear).
- ABS dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid
- Each of the sulfonic acids described above may be used alone or in combination of a plurality of types.
- the amount of sulfonic acid added is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid component in the natural rubber latex. Good. If the amount of sulfonic acid added is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the effect of reducing the gel content in the natural rubber cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the viscosity of the natural rubber cannot be lowered. On the other hand, if the amount of sulfonic acid added exceeds 5.0 parts by weight, the effect of reducing the gel content reaches its peak, and the latex tends to coagulate, so that a uniform treatment effect cannot be obtained.
- the method for mixing the natural rubber latex and the sulfonic acid is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably room temperature to 80 ° C., preferably Stirring may be performed for 1 minute to 24 hours, more preferably 5 minutes to 20 hours.
- mixing temperature is lower than 0 degreeC, the efficiency of mixing and stirring falls, and a gel part cannot be reduced efficiently.
- the mixing temperature exceeds 100 ° C., the stability of the colloidal particles of the natural rubber latex is lost, and the rubber particles may not be dispersed in water.
- the mixing time is less than 1 minute, the effect of reducing the gel content becomes insufficient. Further, even when the mixing time exceeds 24 hours, the reduction of the gel content reaches its peak and the productivity is lowered.
- examples of the method for removing moisture from the above-mentioned mixture of natural rubber latex and sulfonic acid include a pulse combustion shock wave drying method, a spray drying method, a natural drying method, a reduced pressure drying method, and a heating drying method.
- the pulse combustion shock wave drying method is preferable.
- the pulse combustion shock wave drying method is a drying method in which natural rubber latex is injected into a shock wave atmosphere by pulse combustion, and moisture can be removed while leaving the sulfonic acid in the natural rubber without being removed. it can. Further, since the rubber particles in the natural rubber latex are dried at a low temperature without applying excessive heat, it is possible to prevent the natural rubber from being thermally deteriorated and gelled.
- Natural rubber dried by the pulse combustion shock wave drying method has a low degree of thermal deterioration, and thus has various mechanical properties when used as a vulcanized rubber, but has a high viscosity and is difficult to process. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to reduce the viscosity by including the sulfonic acid to reduce the gel content.
- Pulse combustion shock wave drying can be performed using a commercially available pulse combustion shock wave drying device (for example, High Palcon manufactured by Partec).
- the drying conditions are such that the frequency of pulse combustion is preferably 50 to 1200 Hz, more preferably 250 to 1000 Hz, and the temperature of the drying chamber for injecting the natural rubber latex is preferably 40 to 100 ° C., more preferably 50 to 70 ° C. .
- the conditions for pulse combustion shock wave drying within the above-described range, it is possible to prevent thermal degradation of natural rubber.
- the natural rubber obtained by the method for producing natural rubber of the present invention reduces rubber viscosity and improves processability. For this reason, when preparing a rubber composition containing natural rubber, it is not necessary to carry out a kneading operation or a kneading operation of various compounding agents can be carried out by performing a light mastication operation.
- the rubber viscosity of such natural rubber is not particularly limited, but is a Mooney viscosity (MS 1 + 4 ) of 125 ° C. according to JIS K6300, preferably 25 to 65, more preferably 30 to 60. Good.
- the natural rubber obtained by the method for producing natural rubber of the present invention can be made into a rubber composition containing other diene rubber, carbon black, inorganic filler, compounding agent and the like.
- This rubber composition has excellent processability, improved quality stability, and excellent mechanical properties.
- diene rubbers include ordinary natural rubber, isoprene rubber, various butadiene rubbers, various styrene butadiene rubbers, various acrylonitrile-butadiene rubbers, and various butyl rubbers. These other diene rubbers may be used alone or in combination.
- As the inorganic filler for example, silica, clay, calcium carbonate, talc, mica, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium carbonate and the like can be blended as necessary.
- compounding agents include vulcanizing agents or crosslinking agents, vulcanization accelerators, zinc white, stearic acid, processing aids, anti-aging agents, plasticizers, softeners, lubricants, colorants, tackifiers, and silane cups.
- a ring agent etc. can be illustrated.
- the blending amounts of these inorganic fillers and blending agents can be the conventional general blending amounts as long as the object of the present invention is not violated.
- a rubber composition can be produced by mixing each of the above components using a known rubber kneading machine, such as a Banbury mixer, a kneader, or a roll.
- the manufacturing method of the natural rubber which concerns on 2nd Embodiment by this invention is demonstrated.
- the method for producing natural rubber according to the second embodiment of the present invention is a natural rubber characterized in that a treatment for removing magnesium element contained in natural rubber latex is performed before adding sulfonic acid. It is a manufacturing method.
- the present embodiment is the same as the natural rubber manufacturing method according to the first embodiment described above, except that the magnesium element contained in the natural rubber latex is removed before the sulfonic acid is added. Therefore, the description of the same content as the natural rubber manufacturing method according to the first embodiment is omitted.
- a water-soluble compound that forms a magnesium salt that is sparingly soluble in water with the magnesium element is used. Add to rubber latex. Thereby, the magnesium element in the natural rubber latex becomes a salt and precipitates. By reducing the magnesium content in the natural rubber latex, the viscosity of the natural rubber after drying is reduced.
- the water-soluble compound that forms a magnesium salt that is hardly soluble in water is not particularly limited, but oxalic acid or various oxalates, various carbonates, boric acid or various metal borate salts, various metal hydroxides At least one selected from a product, phosphoric acid, and various phosphates may be used.
- these various salts do not contain magnesium.
- These various salts refer to salts composed of various oxalates, various carbonates, various borate metal salts, various metal hydroxides, and various phosphates.
- these various salts do not contain magnesium, but it is desirable that they do not contain a polyvalent metal that can form an ionic crosslinked structure.
- Particularly suitable water-soluble compounds include, for example, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and the like.
- Natural rubber latex contains, for example, Mg, Ca, Na, K, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, etc. as metal elements, and the effect of reducing rubber viscosity is particularly high by reducing Mg.
- the treatment method with a water-soluble compound that forms a magnesium salt that is hardly soluble in water is not particularly limited.
- a water-soluble compound is added to natural rubber latex, and preferably at 10 to 50 ° C. for 0.2 hours. For 24 hours.
- the amount of the water-soluble compound added is preferably 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 5 parts by weight, based on the amount of the solid component in the natural rubber latex. If the addition amount of the water-soluble compound is less than 0.2 parts by weight, the removal of magnesium element may be insufficient. Moreover, even if it adds more than 10 weight part, the precipitation amount of a magnesium salt will reach a peak.
- the precipitated magnesium salt may be removed from the natural rubber latex by an appropriate method such as gravity separation or centrifugation.
- the amount of magnesium element in the natural rubber latex after the treatment with the water-soluble compound is preferably 100 ppm or less, more preferably 50 ppm or less, with respect to the solid component in the natural rubber latex.
- a natural rubber latex treated with a water-soluble compound to reduce magnesium element is converted into a monoalkyl sulfonic acid, (poly) oxyethylene alkyl ether, as in the method for producing natural rubber according to the first embodiment described above.
- At least one sulfonic acid selected from sulfonic acid and alkylbenzene sulfonic acid is added and mixed.
- the method for removing moisture from the above-mentioned mixture of natural rubber latex and sulfonic acid preferably does not include an acid coagulation step.
- the coagulation step with acid when the latex coagulates and separates from moisture, the added sulfonic acid is distributed to the aqueous phase, so there is a possibility that the effect of suppressing the gel content may be insufficient. is there.
- the natural rubber obtained by the method for producing natural rubber of the present invention has a low content of magnesium element and a reduced gel content, and has the characteristics of suppressing an increase in gel over time. . Further, since the gel content is reduced without breaking the molecular chain of natural rubber, the mechanical properties are excellent.
- the natural rubber of the present invention has a magnesium content of preferably 100 ppm or less, more preferably 50 ppm or less. By setting the magnesium content to 100 ppm or less, the initial gel can be reduced and the rubber viscosity can be lowered. Further, the addition of a specific sulfonic acid reduces the rubber viscosity in order to further reduce the gel content. Moreover, since the increase in rubber viscosity with the passage of time is suppressed, processability is improved.
- Comparative Example 1-1 natural rubber latex was dried after mixing for 4 hours without adding sulfonic acid and reagents to natural rubber latex.
- the gel fraction and Mooney viscosity of the 12 natural rubbers obtained were measured by the following methods.
- Mooney viscosity (MS 1 + 4 )
- the Mooney viscosity of the natural rubber obtained was measured using a Mooney viscometer with an S-type rotor, preheating time 1 minute, rotor rotation time 4 minutes, 125 ° C., 2 rpm, The obtained results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- a smaller Mooney viscosity means a lower viscosity and better processability.
- NR Latex Concentrated natural rubber latex, Concentrated natural rubber latex manufactured by FELTEX (treated with a centrifuge so that the amount of the solid component is 60 parts by weight)
- Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.
- Dodecyl sulfonic acid polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfonate hydroxylamine sulfate: Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate: manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the resulting creamy product was processed by setting the presence or absence of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (indicated in the table as “DBSA”) and the amount of addition as shown in Table 3.
- DBSA dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid
- Add DBSA by dissolving it in water and mixing it slowly and slowly using a mechanical stirrer at room temperature so that the weight ratio (parts by weight) relative to the amount of solid components in the natural rubber latex is the value shown in Table 3. Stir and mix. Note that DBSA was not added to Control Reference Example 2-1 and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3.
- This mixture of natural rubber latex and DBSA was subjected to 2 L / hour in a shock wave atmosphere (frequency: 1000 Hz, temperature: 60 ° C.) by pulse combustion using a pulse combustion shock wave drying device (participator for high palcon small laboratory manufactured by Partec).
- Eight kinds of natural rubber (Examples 2-1 to 2-3, Reference Reference Examples 2-1 and 2-2, and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3) were produced by spraying at a flow rate and drying.
- Mg content The magnesium content of the 8 types of natural rubber obtained was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP analysis) after decomposing the natural rubber with a wet ashing apparatus. Among them, the measurement results of the Mg content (ppm) are shown in Table 3.
- Examples 2-4 to 2-6 Using eight types of natural rubber modified as described above (Examples 2-1 to 2-3, Control Reference Examples 2-1 and 2-2, Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3), respectively, 8 rubber compositions (Examples 2-4 to 2-6, Control Reference Examples 2-3 and 2-4, Comparative Examples 2-4 to 2-6) shown in Fig. 4 were prepared. Each rubber composition had the following common composition except that the type of natural rubber used was different. Each rubber composition was prepared by first weighing the ingredients except for sulfur and vulcanization accelerator, kneading for 5 minutes with a 1.7 liter closed Banbury mixer, discharging the master batch at a temperature of 150 ° C., and cooling at room temperature. . A rubber composition was prepared by adding sulfur and a vulcanization accelerator to the master batch in a 1.7 liter closed Banbury mixer and mixing them.
- Example 2-4 to 2-6 The eight types of rubber compositions obtained (Examples 2-4 to 2-6, Control Reference Examples 2-3 and 2-4, Comparative Examples 2-4 to 2-6) were used in a mold having a predetermined shape. Then, press vulcanization was performed at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a vulcanized sheet. Using this vulcanized sheet, a tensile test and abrasion resistance were evaluated by the following methods.
- Tensile test A JIS No. 3 dumbbell-shaped test piece was cut out from the obtained vulcanized sheet in accordance with JIS K6251. Using this test piece, a tensile test was performed at a tensile speed of 500 mm / min and a temperature of 20 ° C. in accordance with JIS K6251, and 300% modulus (MPa), tensile breaking strength (MPa) and tensile breaking elongation (%) were calculated. It was measured. The results obtained are shown in Table 4.
- Abrasion resistance Based on JIS K6264, using the obtained vulcanized sheet, the conditions of temperature 20 ° C, load 15N, slip rate 50%, time 10 minutes using Lambourne abrasion tester (manufactured by Iwamoto Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) The amount of wear was measured with The obtained results are shown in Table 4 as an index with the reciprocal of the result of Control Reference Example 2-1 being 100. A larger index means better wear resistance.
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Abstract
Description
(1) 天然ゴムラテックスに、下記式(1)で表されるモノアルキルスルホン酸、下記式(2)で表される(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキルエーテルスルホン酸、下記式(3)で表されるアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種のスルホン酸を添加した後、その天然ゴムラテックスとスルホン酸の混合物から水分を除去することを特徴とする天然ゴムの製造方法。
R1OSO3H (1)
(式中、R1は炭素数1~20のアルキル基である。)
R2O(CH2CH2O)nSO3H (2)
(式中、R2は炭素数1~20のアルキル基、nは1~20の整数である。)
R3C6H4SO3H (3)
(式中、R3は炭素数1~20のアルキル基である。)
(2) 前記天然ゴムラテックスと前記スルホン酸の混合物を、温度0~100℃で1分~24時間の攪拌処理をすることを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(3) 前記スルホン酸を、前記天然ゴムラテックス中の固形成分100重量部に対し0.1~5.0重量部添加することを特徴とする上記(1)又は(2)に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(4) 前記スルホン酸を添加する前に、天然ゴムラテックスに含有されるマグネシウム元素を除去する処理を施すことを特徴とする上記(1)~(3)の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(5) 前記天然ゴムラテックス中のマグネシウム元素を除去する処理が、前記天然ゴムラテックスにマグネシウム元素と水に難溶性のマグネシウム塩を生成する水溶性化合物を添加し、生成した沈殿物を除去する処理であることを特徴とする上記(4)に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(6) 前記水溶性化合物が、シュウ酸または各種シュウ酸塩、各種炭酸塩、ホウ酸または各種ホウ酸金属塩、各種金属水酸化物、リン酸、各種リン酸塩から選ばれる少なくとも1種であると共に、これら各種塩がマグネシウムを含まないものであることを特徴とする上記(4)又は(5)に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(7) 前記水溶性化合物が、リン酸アンモニウム、リン酸水素二アンモニウム、リン酸二水素アンモニウムから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする上記(4)、(5)又は(6)の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(8) 前記スルホン酸が、ドデシルスルホン酸、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸、(ポリ)オキシエチレンラウリルエーテルスルホン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする上記(1)~(7)の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(9) 前記天然ゴムラテックス混合物から水分を除去する方法が、酸による凝固工程を含まないことを特徴とする上記(1)~(8)の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(10) 前記天然ゴムラテックス混合物を、パルス燃焼による衝撃波の雰囲気中に噴射して水分を除去することを特徴とする上記(1)~(9)の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
(11) 上記(4)~(10)の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法により得られた天然ゴムであって、マグネシウム元素の含有量が100ppm以下であることを特徴とする天然ゴム。
(12) 上記(1)~(11)の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法によって製造された天然ゴムを含有することを特徴とするゴム組成物。
本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る天然ゴムの製造方法は、天然ゴムラテックスに、下記式(1)で表されるモノアルキルスルホン酸、下記式(2)で表される(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキルエーテルスルホン酸、下記式(3)で表されるアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種のスルホン酸を添加した後、その天然ゴムラテックスとスルホン酸の混合物から水分を除去することを特徴とする天然ゴムの製造方法である。
R1OSO3H (1)
(式中、R1は炭素数1~20のアルキル基である。)
R2O(CH2CH2O)nSO3H (2)
(式中、R2は炭素数1~20のアルキル基、nは1~20の整数である。)
R3C6H4SO3H (3)
(式中、R3は炭素数1~20のアルキル基である。)
R1OSO3H (1)
式(1)中、R1は炭素数が1~20、好ましくは8~18のアルキル基であり、直鎖状、分岐状アルキル基のいずれでもよい。このようなアルキル基としては、例えばカプリル基、ラウリル基(n-ドデシル基)、ミリスチル基、パルミチル基、ステアリル基、オレイル基、リノール基、リノレン基等が好ましい。
R2O(CH2CH2O)nSO3H (2)
式(2)中、R2は炭素数が1~20、好ましくは8~18のアルキル基であり、nは1~20、好ましくは2~12の整数である。R2が表すアルキル基は直鎖状、分岐状アルキル基のいずれでもよい。このようなアルキル基としては、例えばカプリル基、ラウリル基(n-ドデシル基)、ミリスチル基、パルミチル基、ステアリル基、オレイル基、リノール基、リノレン基等が好ましい。
R3C6H4SO3H (3)
式(3)中、C6H4は2価のベンゼン環であり、R3は炭素数1~20、好ましくは8~18のアルキル基であり、直鎖状、分岐状アルキル基のいずれでもよい。R3が表すアルキル基としては、例えばカプリル基、ラウリル基(n-ドデシル基)、ミリスチル基、パルミチル基、ステアリル基、オレイル基、リノール基、リノレン基等が好ましい。
本発明による第2の実施の形態に係る天然ゴムの製造方法について説明する。
本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る天然ゴムの製造方法は、スルホン酸を添加する前に、天然ゴムラテックスに含有されるマグネシウム元素を除去する処理を施したことを特徴とする天然ゴムの製造方法である。
本実施の形態は、スルホン酸を添加する前に、天然ゴムラテックスに含有されるマグネシウム元素を除去する処理を施すこと以外、上述の第1の実施の形態に係る天然ゴムの製造方法と同様であるため、第1の実施の形態に係る天然ゴムの製造方法と同一内容については、その説明は省略する。
得られた天然ゴムを約0.1g秤量し細かく裁断してから、トルエン50mlを加え、35℃で1週間、遮蔽静置した。その後、10000rpmで40分間遠心分離処理を行い、ゲル分を回収した。回収したゲル分を30℃で12時間、減圧乾燥した後、秤量しゲル分率を算出した。得られた結果を表1,2に示した。
得られた天然ゴムのムーニー粘度をJIS K6300に準拠して、ムーニー粘度計にてS型ロータを使用し、予熱時間1分、ロータの回転時間4分、125℃、2rpmの条件で測定し、得られた結果を表1,2に示した。ムーニー粘度が小さいほど粘度が低く加工性に優れることを意味する。
NRラテックス:濃縮天然ゴムラテックス、FELTEX社製濃縮天然ゴムラテックス(固形成分量60重量部になるように遠心分離機で処理したもの)
ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸:関東化学社製
ドデシルスルホン酸
ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテルスルホン酸
硫酸ヒドロキシルアミン:東京化成工業社製
ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム:関東化学社製
天然ゴムラテックス(濃縮天然ゴムラテックス、FELTEX社製濃縮天然ゴムラテックス、固形成分量60重量部になるように遠心分離機で処理したもの)に対し、表3に示すように、リン酸水素二アンモニウム(表中、「DAHP」と記す。)の添加の有無及び添加するときの配合量を設定して、37℃、10時間ゆっくり撹拌した。DAHPの添加量は、天然ゴムラテックス中の固形成分量に対する重量割合(重量部)で設定した。また、対照参考例2-1及び2-2については、DAHPを添加しなかった。撹拌後しばらく静置して沈殿物を除いた後、さらに遠心分離機で12000rpm、30分間遠心分離処理した。なお、対照参考例2-1及び2-2は、本発明の効果を確認するための参考例である。
得られた8種類の天然ゴムのマグネシウム含有量を、天然ゴムを湿式灰化装置で分解した後、誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析(ICP分析)によって測定した。そのうちMgの含有量(ppm)の測定結果を表3に示した。
得られた8種類の天然ゴムを、五酸化リン(P2O5)を入れたデシケータ中で、温度60℃の条件で貯蔵時間を変化させた促進貯蔵硬化試験を行った。貯蔵時間は16,37,85及び133時間の条件に設定した。
上述の通り改質した8種類の天然ゴム(実施例2-1~2-3、対照参考例2-1及び2-2、比較例2-1~2-3)をそれぞれ使用して、表4に示す8種類のゴム組成物(実施例2-4~2-6、対照参考例2-3及び2-4、比較例2-4~2-6)を調製した。各ゴム組成物は、使用する天然ゴムの種類を異ならせたことを除き、下記に示す共通配合とした。各ゴム組成物の調製は、先ずそれぞれ硫黄及び加硫促進剤を除く配合成分を秤量し、1.7リットル密閉式バンバリーミキサーで5分間混練し、温度150℃でマスターバッチを放出し室温冷却した。このマスターバッチを1.7リットル密閉式バンバリーミキサーで、硫黄及び加硫促進剤を加え混合しゴム組成物を調製した。
天然ゴム(実施例2-1~2-3、対照参考例2-1及び2-2、比較例2-1~2-3): 100重量部
カーボンブラック(昭和キャボット社製ショウブラックN339):50重要部
亜鉛華(正同化学工業社製酸化亜鉛3種): 5重量部
ステアリン酸(日油社製ビーズステアリン酸YR): 2重量部
老化防止剤1(フレキシス社製サントフレックス13): 2重量部
老化防止剤2(大内新興化学工業社製ノクラック224): 2重量部
硫黄(鶴見化学工業社製金華印微粉硫黄150メッシュ): 2重量部
加硫促進剤(大内新興化学工業社製ノクセラーNS-F): 1重量部
得られた加硫シートから、JIS K6251に準拠してJIS3号ダンベル型試験片を切り出した。この試験片を使用して、JIS K6251に準拠し、引張り速度500mm/分、温度20℃で引張り試験を行い、300%モジュラス(MPa)、引張り破断強度(MPa)及び引張り破断伸び(%)を測定した。得られた結果を表4に示した。
得られた加硫シートを用いJIS K6264に準拠して、ランボーン摩耗試験機(岩本製作所社製)を使用して、温度20℃、荷重15N、スリップ率50%、時間10分の条件で摩耗量を測定した。得られた結果は、対照参考例2-1の結果の逆数を100とする指数で表わし表4に示した。この指数が大きいほど耐摩耗性に優れることを意味する。
Claims (12)
- 天然ゴムラテックスに、下記式(1)で表されるモノアルキルスルホン酸、下記式(2)で表される(ポリ)オキシエチレンアルキルエーテルスルホン酸、下記式(3)で表されるアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種のスルホン酸を添加した後、その天然ゴムラテックスとスルホン酸の混合物から水分を除去することを特徴とする天然ゴムの製造方法。
R1OSO3H (1)
(式中、R1は炭素数1~20のアルキル基である。)
R2O(CH2CH2O)nSO3H (2)
(式中、R2は炭素数1~20のアルキル基、nは1~20の整数である。)
R3C6H4SO3H (3)
(式中、R3は炭素数1~20のアルキル基である。) - 前記天然ゴムラテックスと前記スルホン酸の混合物を、温度0~100℃で1分~24時間の攪拌処理をすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 前記スルホン酸を、前記天然ゴムラテックス中の固形成分100重量部に対し0.1~5.0重量部添加することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 前記スルホン酸を添加する前に、天然ゴムラテックスに含有されるマグネシウム元素を除去する処理を施すことを特徴とする請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 前記天然ゴムラテックス中のマグネシウム元素を除去する処理が、前記天然ゴムラテックスにマグネシウム元素と水に難溶性のマグネシウム塩を生成する水溶性化合物を添加し、生成した沈殿物を除去する処理であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 前記水溶性化合物が、シュウ酸または各種シュウ酸塩、各種炭酸塩、ホウ酸または各種ホウ酸金属塩、各種金属水酸化物、リン酸、各種リン酸塩から選ばれる少なくとも1種であると共に、これら各種塩がマグネシウムを含まないものであることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 前記水溶性化合物が、リン酸アンモニウム、リン酸水素二アンモニウム、リン酸二水素アンモニウムから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項4、5又は6の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 前記スルホン酸が、ドデシルスルホン酸、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸、(ポリ)オキシエチレンラウリルエーテルスルホン酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1~7の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 前記天然ゴムラテックス混合物から水分を除去する方法が、酸による凝固工程を含まないことを特徴とする請求項1~8の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 前記天然ゴムラテックス混合物を、パルス燃焼による衝撃波の雰囲気中に噴射して水分を除去することを特徴とする請求項1~9の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法。
- 請求項4~10の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法により得られた天然ゴムであって、マグネシウム元素の含有量が100ppm以下であることを特徴とする天然ゴム。
- 請求項1~11の何れか一項に記載の天然ゴムの製造方法によって製造された天然ゴムを含有することを特徴とするゴム組成物。
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CN102264767B (zh) | 2013-11-13 |
JPWO2010074245A1 (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
US20110269881A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
US8293817B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
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