WO2010064613A1 - 導電性フロックおよび導電ブラシ - Google Patents
導電性フロックおよび導電ブラシ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010064613A1 WO2010064613A1 PCT/JP2009/070140 JP2009070140W WO2010064613A1 WO 2010064613 A1 WO2010064613 A1 WO 2010064613A1 JP 2009070140 W JP2009070140 W JP 2009070140W WO 2010064613 A1 WO2010064613 A1 WO 2010064613A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- conductive
- fiber
- floc
- brush
- fibers
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/06—Eliminating residual charges from a reusable imaging member
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/0005—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium
- G03G21/0035—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium using a brush; Details of cleaning brushes, e.g. fibre density
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/09—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/90—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/02—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices
- G03G15/0208—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices by contact, friction or induction, e.g. liquid charging apparatus
- G03G15/0216—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices by contact, friction or induction, e.g. liquid charging apparatus by bringing a charging member into contact with the member to be charged, e.g. roller, brush chargers
- G03G15/0233—Structure, details of the charging member, e.g. chemical composition, surface properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/16—Flocking otherwise than by spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/12—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain a coating with specific electrical properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/16—Transferring device, details
- G03G2215/1604—Main transfer electrode
- G03G2215/1642—Brush
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to conductive flocks and conductive brushes used in electrophotographic recording type dry copying machines, facsimiles, printers, and the like. Specifically, the present invention relates to a conductive flock used for a conductive brush created by electrostatic flocking and a conductive brush using the conductive flock.
- high image quality and color applications are increasing, and toner particles are becoming smaller.
- a conductive roller made of silicone or polyurethane can cause the toner to enter the bubbles on the surface of the roller and harden the roller surface, or the toner can be fused to form a roller. There was a problem that the resistance value of the surface was increased.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have proposed conductive brushes in which conductive fibers are electrostatically implanted on the roller surface.
- the processing method of the fiber used for electrostatic flocking is proposed by the nonpatent literature.
- the fiber length of the floc is 0.5 mm or more
- the tow is crushed by the pressure of the blade, and the fiber position is moved and cut, so the fiber length variation is likely to occur.
- a conductive brush used in an electrophotographic copying machine needs to suppress unevenness on the surface as much as possible in order to supply a uniform charge to a photoreceptor and toner.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a conductive flock capable of suppressing unevenness of the brush surface without shearing.
- a conductive flock according to the present invention having the following configuration (1).
- Characteristic conductive floc. (2) The conductive floc according to (1), wherein the conductive fine particles are contained in the chemical fiber.
- the conductive floc according to (2), wherein the conductive fine particles are carbon black and contained in the chemical fiber in an amount of 5 to 40% by mass.
- thermoplastic resin is polyamide.
- thermoplastic resin is polyamide.
- the manufacturing method of the conductive floc obtained by fixing so that it may not move, and electrodepositing the cut short fiber.
- the floc as used in the present invention is a member used for electrostatic flocking and refers to a fiber obtained by subjecting short fibers to electrodeposition treatment.
- the chemical fibers referred to in the present invention are so-called regenerated fibers, semi-synthetic fibers, and synthetic fibers.
- Recycled fibers include rayon and cupra
- semi-synthetic fibers include acetate and triacetate
- synthetic fibers include acrylic, polyamide, polyester, nylon, and vinylon.
- especially synthetic fibers are preferable because the diameter can be easily changed when the fibers are produced, and the dispersion of the conductive fine particles is easy.
- thermoplastic resins such as polyamide and polyester can be produced. Easy and preferred.
- the polyamide used here is a high molecular weight product in which a so-called hydrocarbon group is connected to the main chain through an amide bond, and is a polyamide mainly composed of polycaproamide or polyhexamethylene adipamide.
- the term “mainly” used herein refers to ⁇ -caprolactam units constituting polycaproamide in polycaproamide, and 80 mol% or more as hexamethylene diammonium adipate units constituting polyhexamethylene adipamide in polyhexamethylene adipamide. More preferably, it is 90 mol% or more.
- Particularly preferred are polyamides made of polycaproamide and polyhexamethylene adipamide.
- the conductivity referred to in the present invention means a property of conducting electricity, and a specific resistance value is used as an index of conductivity. Since the conductive floc used here is required to impart or remove electric charge when it is a conductive brush, the specific resistance is preferably 10 0 to 10 10 ⁇ cm.
- the chemical fiber constituting the present invention needs to have conductivity. If the chemical fiber is not conductive, when used as a brush, no charge can be imparted to the photoreceptor or toner.
- Methods for imparting electrical conductivity to chemical fibers include a method in which conductive fine particles are dispersed in the fiber and a method in which a conductive polymer such as polypyrrole is coated on the fiber surface. Since it is required that the resistance value on the fiber surface hardly changes even when the number of sheets increases, a method of dispersing conductive fine particles in the fiber is preferable.
- the conductive fine particles used here are not particularly limited, but include conductive carbon black, conductive metal compounds, inorganic compounds in which conductive metals are plated or coated, and carbon black is particularly small in chemical fiber.
- the dispersibility in is good and preferable.
- the conductive carbon black used here is not particularly limited as long as it is carbon black having conductivity such as acetylene black, channel black, furnace black, etc., but the size of the powder particles is small and relatively uniform. Furnace black is preferred. When the particles are large, suppression of increase in filtration pressure during spinning and yarn breakage during spinning occur. Therefore, in consideration of improvement in fiber strength, it is preferable to use one having a particle size of 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the content of the conductive carbon black is preferably 5 to 40% by mass with respect to the conductive floc.
- the content of conductive carbon black is less than 5% by mass, the specific resistance value of the chemical fiber increases, and when used as a conductive brush, charge cannot be imparted to the photoreceptor or toner, and an image is not formed. There is a fear.
- the conductive carbon black content exceeds 40% by mass, the specific resistance of the chemical fiber becomes too low, so that when used as a conductive brush, charge cannot be imparted to the photoreceptor or toner, and an image is formed. There is a risk that it will not be. More preferably, it is 15 to 35% by mass.
- the conductive floc of the present invention needs to have a fiber diameter of 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of the fiber is less than 10 ⁇ m, the hair tends to fall when it is made into a brush, and a sufficient contact pressure cannot be obtained on the photoconductor and toner, so that no charge can be applied to the photoconductor and toner, and an image is not formed.
- the diameter of the fiber exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the flocking density becomes rough, so the charge density becomes rough and the image quality becomes rough.
- the conductive floc of the present invention needs to have a fiber length of 0.5 to 5 mm.
- the fiber length is less than 0.5 mm, the toner enters the brush surface when it is made into a brush, and the brush surface becomes hard, or the toner filming formed by fusing the toner increases the resistance value of the brush surface, thereby reducing the printing durability.
- the fiber length exceeds 5 mm, when flocking electrostatically, flocs are entangled, and each floc is not dispersed, and flocking is impossible.
- the conductive floc of the present invention needs to have a fiber length variation rate of 5% or less. If the variation rate of the fiber length exceeds 5%, the surface of the brush will be uneven when it is made into a brush, the charge applied to the photoreceptor and toner will be non-uniform, and the image quality will deteriorate.
- the fiber length variation rate is preferably a small value, but about 1% is the lower limit as an industrially usable value.
- tow (continuous filament converging) fibers are heat-treated with hot water at 80 to 98 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes. This is because, in the case of chemical fibers including removal of the oil agent applied to the fibers and conductive fine particles, not only shrinking the fibers and reducing the variation in specific resistance value, but also making conductive flocks and conductive brushes, This has the effect of reducing the change in resistance value over time.
- Cutting hot water-treated tows is done with a cutting machine such as a guillotine cutter.
- the cut surface is determined by the structure of the cutting machine and the relationship between the blade and the fiber, but it is preferable that the fiber and the blade are in contact with each other at a right angle and cut at a right angle with respect to the fiber axis.
- the tow is crushed by the pressure of the blade, the position of the fiber is moved and the fiber length varies, so the tow is wrapped around paper or film so that the fiber does not move, Because the tow can be cut without collapsing by cutting it while it is wound, or by filling the tow into a resin container and cutting the entire container, the fibers are difficult to move and fiber length variation is suppressed. I can do it.
- the cut paper, film, resin container, and the like may be removed by sieving. Furthermore, if the amount of fibers to be towed is decreased, the movement of the fibers during cutting is reduced if the amount of fibers to be bundled is reduced, so that the fiber length variation is reduced. However, since the work increases, the fineness to be bundled in the tow is 50 to 500. It is preferable to bundle it so that it becomes 10,000 decitex. Moreover, it is preferable that the short fiber as an electroconductive floc does not have a twist or a curve from the point of the floc flying property. When paper is used when bundling tows, the paper is difficult to tear and needs flexibility to allow bundling of tows. Therefore, kraft paper used for envelopes is preferable, and the tensile strength is 0.3 N or more. Is preferred.
- the conductive flock of the present invention is planted using static electricity by applying an adhesive to the substrate.
- Electrostatic flocking is electrically affected when a minute object is present in an electric field caused by a high voltage. This electrical influence is that the minute object is charged and attracted from one pole to the other. That is, when a DC high voltage is applied to the metal, an electric field (E) is generated between them.
- the positive electrode is called a high-voltage electrode and the negative electrode is called a ground electrode (earth electrode), and the magnitude of the electric field gives a predetermined voltage V by a high-voltage generator.
- a substrate is placed in parallel between the electrodes and between the electrodes, and the flock pierces the substrate to which the adhesive is applied during flight between the electrodes at a right angle to the substrate. Therefore, the flight property is determined by the charge (q) of the floc.
- the conductive floc of the present invention is obtained by adding an electrodeposition treatment agent to the above-mentioned fiber.
- the application amount of the electrodeposition treatment agent is preferably 1 to 7% by mass, based on the ash content of the conductive floc.
- the amount of ash is calculated by the ash method (JIS L 1015 (1999)) of the chemical fiber staple test method defined by JIS.
- An electrodeposition treatment agent is a treatment agent for imparting electric charge to perform electrostatic flocking. Specifically, a treatment in which short fibers are electrically operated to have a good flying effect in an electric field. It is an agent.
- Electrodeposition treatment agents that constitute the conductive floc include, for example, inorganic salts such as tannic acid, sodium chloride, barium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium nitrate, and zirconium carbonate, and interfaces such as anion activator and nonionic activator. Examples include activators, silicon compounds such as colloidal silica, alumina sol, and polypyrrole.
- the electrodeposition treatment of the conductive floc of the present invention is not particularly limited, but, for example, the fibers cut into short fibers are immersed in an aqueous solution of an electrodeposition treatment agent diluted with a binder and subjected to electrodeposition treatment.
- the aqueous solution of the electrodeposition treatment agent is preferably 30 to 100 g / L in view of the viscosity of the aqueous solution and the efficiency of the electrodeposition treatment.
- the electrodeposition treatment agent preferably contains a silicon compound, and colloidal silica is particularly preferable. Since colloidal silica is particularly excellent in water dispersibility, uniform electrodeposition treatment on short fibers is easy. In addition, colloidal silica specifically binds to the hydroxyl group of the polyamide, so that it is less likely to fall off due to friction.
- the electrodeposition treatment agent may be an aqueous solution containing only a silicon compound, but it is more preferable to provide a mixed aqueous solution of colloidal silica and alumina sol. This is because colloidal silica and alumina sol have good mixing properties, and when a high voltage is applied, it is easy to obtain a high charge, and it is possible to obtain a conductive floc excellent in floc separation.
- the mixing of colloidal silica and alumina sol By applying the aqueous solution, the resistance value of the floc surface becomes 10 6 to 10 8 ⁇ cm, and the flight performance is improved.
- the method of mixing the colloidal silica and the alumina sol is preferable to mix the colloidal silica and the alumina sol in an aqueous solution state, since the increase in viscosity is suppressed and uniform dispersion is obtained.
- the mixing ratio is preferably 6: 1 to 3: 1 for colloidal silica and alumina sol since uniform dispersion can be obtained and the resistance value of the floc surface can be set to the target resistance value.
- Electrodeposited conductive flocs are dehydrated using a rotary dehydrator, dried at 100 to 130 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes, and then sieved to keep the fiber length constant.
- the conductive brush of the present invention is a conductive brush prepared by electrostatic flocking of the conductive flock, and is used for removing static electricity, applying charges, removing dust, and the like.
- the conductive flock is made by electrostatic flocking, so that the resistance value of the circumference of the conductive brush becomes uniform.
- the conductive brush has good performance as a brush for an electrophotographic recording type dry copying machine. Demonstrate.
- the electrophotographic recording type dry copying machine brush is an application brush that contacts and charges the photosensitive member in place of non-contact corona discharge, a cleaning brush that removes the charge and toner remaining on the photosensitive member, and the toner on the photosensitive member.
- a toner supply brush for applying charge to the toner in the toner cartridge in order to promote adsorption, and a transfer brush for applying a reverse charge to the print paper in order to transfer the toner supplied to the photosensitive member to the print paper.
- an adhesive is applied to a core, which is a cylindrical metal rod, a voltage of 10 kV to 50 kV is applied, conductive flocks are implanted by electrostatic flocking, drying and depilation are performed to prepare a brush.
- the core material which is a metal rod, is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity, but stainless steel is preferably used.
- the adhesive is not particularly limited, for example, acrylic resin, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane, synthetic rubber, natural rubber and the like are the main components, and acrylic is preferably used.
- a conductive adhesive such as conductive carbon is preferably contained in the adhesive, and a conductive adhesive is preferable.
- C Variation rate of fiber length Fifty conductive flocs are taken out at random, magnified 50 times with an magnifying projector, the fiber diameter is measured, and calculated from the following equation (1).
- CV S / R ⁇ 100 (1)
- CV Variation rate (%) S: Standard deviation of the fiber length of the conductive floc (mm)
- R Average value of fiber length of conductive floc (mm).
- Example 1 A conductive furnace black having an average particle size of 0.035 ⁇ m is added to nylon 6 having a relative viscosity of 2.73 measured at 25 ° C. using an Ostwald viscometer in a 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution containing 1% by mass of resin. % To produce conductive nylon 6 pellets. The obtained pellets were melted at a melting temperature of 280 ° C., discharged from a round hole cap having a hole diameter of 0.3 mm, cooled, and then the spinning oil was diluted with water so that the amount of yarn attached was 0.7%. Oil supply was performed and the undrawn yarn was wound at a take-up speed of 800 m / min.
- the supply roller speed of the drawing machine is 300 m / min
- the hot plate temperature is 170 ° C.
- the drawing roller speed is 500 m / min.
- a twist of 15 t / m was applied using a down twister to obtain a conductive nylon 6 long fiber of 170 dtex 20 filaments.
- the specific resistance value of the obtained nylon 6 long fiber was 10 6 ⁇ cm.
- the resulting conductive nylon 6 long fiber is picked 10,000 times using a 3 m round casserole to make a tow of about 1.7 million dtex and then heat-treated with hot water at 98 ° C. for 30 minutes
- the tow was wound with kraft paper having a tensile strength of 0.5 N and cut into a short fiber shape having a fiber length of 1.5 mm with a guillotine cutter to obtain conductive nylon 6 short fibers.
- Colloidal silica Snowtex-O, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- 50 g / L aqueous solution and alumina sol Allumina sol-100, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the aqueous solution L was immersed in an aqueous solution at 40 ° C.
- an acrylic resin adhesive containing conductive carbon is applied to the core, which is a cylindrical stainless steel metal rod, a voltage of 20,000 V is applied, electrostatic flocking is performed by a down method, and drying, hair removal, and shearing are performed.
- the process was obtained and tailored into a brush.
- the resistance value of the obtained conductive brush was 10 8 ⁇ .
- the obtained brush was incorporated into a toner supply brush for an electrophotographic recording type dry copying machine and copied, and as a result of copying 20,000 test charts, the initial image was ⁇ and the printing durability was ⁇ .
- Example 2 Polyamide long fiber, conductive, similar to Example 1 except that conductive nylon 6 long fiber was picked 3000 times using a 3 m round casserole picker to give a tow shape of about 510,000 decitex. Created flocks and brushes. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 In the production of the conductive nylon 6 long fiber, the polyamide long fiber and the conductive material were discharged in the same manner as in Example 2 except that it was discharged from a round hole cap having a hole diameter of 0.2 mm to form a 170 dtex 40 filament and the diameter of the conductive floc was 15 ⁇ m. Made sex flocks and brushes. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 In the production of the conductive nylon 6 long fiber, the polyamide long fiber and the conductive material were discharged in the same manner as in Example 2 except that it was discharged from a round hole cap having a hole diameter of 0.4 mm to form 170 dtex 8 filament and the diameter of the conductive floc was 80 ⁇ m. Made sex flocks and brushes. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 Conductive flocks and brushes were prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the conductive nylon 6 long fibers of Example 2 were cut into 0.5 mm short fibers with a guillotine cutter. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 Conductive flocks and brushes were prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the conductive nylon 6 long fibers of Example 2 were cut into 3 mm short fibers with a guillotine cutter. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 Conductive carbon was adjusted to a viscose, which is a spinning stock solution having a cellulose concentration of 8% by mass and an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of 6% by mass, so that the addition ratio of carbon black particles to cellulose was 15% by mass and mixed with high-speed stirring.
- the material was vacuum degassed to obtain a spinning dope.
- the obtained viscose was spun at a discharge temperature of 11 cc / min from a spinning nozzle using a Nelson type continuous spinning machine, H 2 SO 4 130 g / l, ZnSO 4 16 g / l, NaSO 4 250 g / l, temperature 51 ° C. After spinning into the bath, the bath distance was 200 mm and the draw ratio was 16%.
- Example 8 Acrylonitrile-based polymer A1 was produced by polymerizing 94.2 / 5.5 / 0.3 mol% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution of acrylonitrile (AN) / methyl acrylate / sodium methallyl sulfonate.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- Example 9 A conductive polyester pellet was produced by kneading a conductive furnace black having an average particle size of 0.035 ⁇ m in an amount of 20 mass%. The obtained pellets are melted at a melting temperature of 290 ° C., discharged from a round hole cap having a hole diameter of 0.3 mm, and cooled, and then the spinning oil is diluted with water so that the amount of yarn attached becomes 0.7% by mass. The undrawn yarn was wound up at a take-up speed of 800 m / min.
- the film was stretched at a feeding roller speed of 300 m / min, a feeding roller temperature of 80 ° C., a stretching roller speed of 500 m / min, and a stretching roller temperature of 150 ° C., and subsequently twisted at 15 t / m using a down twister.
- Conductive polyester filaments of decitex 20 filaments were obtained.
- the specific resistance value of the obtained polyamide long fiber was 10 6 ⁇ cm.
- Conductive flocs and brushes were produced from the obtained conductive polyester continuous fibers in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 10 A stock solution is prepared by dissolving in hot water so that the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol having a residual acetate group content of 0.15 mol% is 17% by mass and the concentration of boric acid with respect to polyvinyl alcohol is 1.3% by mass.
- a line mixer was installed in the middle of the pipe for feeding the solution, and an aqueous dispersion having a conductive carbon black concentration of 15.1% by mass was injected and mixed with the stock solution to obtain the final spinning stock solution. Then, it spun out into the coagulation bath from the nozzle, and it wound up through each process of neutralization, wet heat, water washing, drying, and hot drawing, and obtained the conductive vinylon long fiber of the vinylon conductive yarn 170 dtex 20 filaments. Conductive flocs and brushes were produced from the obtained conductive vinylon long fibers in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 11 Nylon 6 pellets containing no conductive carbon black were spun and stretched in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a nylon long fiber of 170 dtex 20 filaments.
- the obtained nylon long fiber was cut into a short fiber shape in the same manner as in Example 1, the pyrrole monomer was immersed in a 50 g / L aqueous solution, and the downstream ammonium was stirred as a catalyst.
- sieving was performed with a 40-mesh wire mesh, and a brush was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 12 Polyamide long fiber, conductive nylon as in Example 1 except that conductive nylon 6 long fiber was picked 30,000 times using a 3 m round casserole picker to give a tow shape of about 5.1 million dtex. Made sex flocks and brushes. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 1 In the production of conductive nylon 6 long fiber, a polyamide long fiber, conductive fiber was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was discharged from a round hole cap having a hole diameter of 0.15 mm to give a 170 dtex 120 filament and the diameter of the conductive floc was 5 ⁇ m. Made sex flocks and brushes. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 2 In the production of the conductive nylon 6 long fiber, the polyamide long fiber and the conductive material were discharged in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was discharged from a round hole cap having a hole diameter of 0.5 mm to form 170 dtex 4 filament and the diameter of the conductive floc was 150 ⁇ m. Made sex flocks and brushes. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 3 Conductive flocks and brushes were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conductive nylon 6 long fibers of Example 1 were cut into 0.1 mm short fibers with a guillotine cutter. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 4 Conductive flocks and brushes were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conductive nylon 6 long fibers of Example 1 were cut into 8 mm short fibers with a guillotine cutter. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 5 A conductive flock and a brush were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the tow made of the conductive nylon 6 long fiber of Example 1 was cut with a guillotine cutter without winding paper. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the conductive flocs having a fiber diameter of 10 to 100 ⁇ m in Examples 1 to 8 have no initial image quality and no fouling when the conductive brush is made and the flocking density is high. It can be seen that the printing durability is excellent.
- the conductive flocs having a fiber length of 0.1 to 5 mm in Examples 1 to 8 have excellent printing durability when they are made into conductive brushes, since there is no curing of the brush surface and toner filming due to toner penetration. I understand.
- the conductive flocs having a fiber length variation of 5% or less in Examples 1 to 8 are excellent in initial image quality because there are no irregularities on the brush surface when the conductive brush is used.
- the conductive floc (Comparative Example 1) having a fiber diameter of 5 ⁇ m is liable to fall down when used as a brush, and a sufficient contact pressure cannot be obtained on the photoconductor and toner, and charge is applied to the photoconductor and toner. It was not possible and no image was formed. It can be seen that the conductive floc having a fiber diameter of 150 ⁇ m (Comparative Example 2) has a rough charge density and a poor initial image quality because the flocking density becomes rough when it is made into a brush.
- the conductive floc having a fiber length of 0.05 mm has a brush surface formed by toner filming in which toner enters the brush surface when the brush is made and the brush surface becomes hard or the toner is fused. It can be seen that the resistance value increases and the printing durability decreases.
- the conductive floc having a fiber length of 8 mm Comparative Example 4
- when electrostatic flocking is performed the flocks are entangled, and each floc is not dispersed, so that flocking cannot be performed.
- the conductive floc (Comparative Example 5) having a fiber length variation of 6.1% has irregularities on the brush surface when used as a brush, the charge imparted to the photoreceptor and toner becomes uneven, and the initial image quality It turns out that gets worse.
- the present invention relates to a conductive flock used for an electrophotographic recording type dry copying machine, a facsimile, a printer, and the like. Specifically, the present invention relates to a conductive flock used for a conductive brush created by electrostatic flocking.
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Abstract
Description
(1)導電性を有する化学繊維であって、該化学繊維の直径が10~100μmであり、繊維長が0.5~5mmであり、かつ繊維長のばらつき率が5%以下であることを特徴とする導電性フロック。
(2)導電性微粒子が化学繊維に含有されている(1)記載の導電性フロック。
(3)導電性微粒子がカーボンブラックであり、化学繊維中に5~40質量%含有されている(2)記載の導電性フロック。
(4)化学繊維が熱可塑性樹脂からなる繊維である(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の導電性フロック。
(5)熱可塑性樹脂がポリアミドである(4)記載の導電性フロック。
(6)(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の導電性フロックを用いて静電気植毛加工にて作成した導電ブラシ。
(7)(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の導電性フロックの製造方法であって、導電性を有する化学繊維を繊度50~500万デシテックスに束ねたトウを、繊維軸の垂直方向に動かないように固定し、カットした短繊維を電着処理して得られる導電性フロックの製造方法。
ここで用いる導電性微粒子は、特に限定されないが導電性カーボンブラックや導電性を有する金属化合物、無機化合物に導電性金属をメッキまたはコーティングしたもの等があり、特にカーボンブラックは粒径が小さく化学繊維への分散性が良好であり好ましい。ここで用いる導電性カーボンブラックは、例えばアセチレンブラック、チャンネルブラック、ファーネスブラックなど導電性を有するカーボンブラックであれば特に制限はないが、粉末粒子の大きさが小さく、比較的均一である点で、ファーネスブラックが好ましい。粒子が大きいと、紡糸時の濾過圧上昇の抑制や、紡糸時の糸切れが生じるので、繊維の強度の向上を考慮すると、2μm以下のものを用いることが好ましい。
ランダムに10本の導電性フロックを取り出し、SEMで800倍に拡大し繊維の直径を測定し、平均値を算出する。
ランダムに50本の導電性フロックを取り出し、拡大投影機で50倍に拡大し繊維の直径を測定し、平均値を算出する。
ランダムに50本の導電性フロックを取り出し、拡大投影機で50倍に拡大し繊維の直径を測定し、下記(1)式から算出する。
CV=S/R×100 (1)
CV:ばらつき率(%)
S:導電性フロックの繊維長の標準偏差(mm)
R:導電性フロックの繊維長の平均値(mm)。
Erich Schenk製のFlock Motion Tester SPG(アップメソッド方式:飛翔距離15cm)を用いて、電圧20KVを掛けた時に導電性フロック5gが全て飛翔する時間を測定し、飛翔する時間が速い程飛翔性が良く、次の基準で評価した。
◎:10~20秒未満
○:20~30秒未満
△:30~40秒未満
×:40秒以上。
超絶縁抵抗計(川口電気製 TERAOHMMETER R-503)を用いてポリアミド繊維試長10cm間に100(V)の電圧を掛け、温度20℃、湿度30%RHの条件下での電気抵抗値(Ω/cm)を測定し、下式(1)から算出した。
RS=R×D/(10×L×SG)×10-5 (2)
RS:比抵抗(Ωcm)
R:電気抵抗値(Ω)
D:10000m当たりの糸質量
L:試長(cm)
SG:糸密度(g/cm3)。
電子写真学会が発行するテストチャートを複写し、10枚印字した後の印刷状態(かすれ、スジ)を比較し、下記の、次の基準で10人が評価した。
10点:差異なし(かすれもスジもない)
5点:やや差異が見られる(目立たないが、かすれ、スジがある。)
1点:差異が見られる(かすれ、スジが明確に観察される。)
これを10人分合計した点数で次の基準で分類した。
◎:75点以上
○:50点以上75点未満
△:25点以上50点未満
×:25点未満。
電子写真学会が発行するテストチャートを複写し、20000枚印字した後の印刷状態(かすれ、スジ)を比較し、下記の、次の基準で10人が評価した。
10点:差異なし(かすれもスジもない)
5点:やや差異が見られる(目立たないが、かすれ、スジがある。)
1点:差異が見られる(かすれ、スジが明確に観察される。)
これを10人分合計した点数で次の基準で分類した。
◎:75点以上
○:50点以上75点未満
△:25点以上50点未満
×:25点未満。
樹脂1質量%の98%濃硫酸溶液中、オストワルド粘度計を用いて25℃で測定した相対粘度が2.73のナイロン6に、平均粒径0.035μmの導電性ファーネスブラックを添加量25質量%となるように練り込み導電性ナイロン6ペレットを製造した。得られたペレットを溶融温度280℃で溶融し、孔径0.3mmの丸孔口金から吐出し、冷却させた後、紡糸油剤を水で希釈し糸条付着量が0.7%となるように給油し、引取速度800m/分で未延伸糸を巻取った。つづいて温度25℃、絶対湿度16.6g/m 3 の環境下で48時間未延伸糸をエージングした後、延伸機の供給ローラー速度300m/分、熱板温度170℃、延伸ローラー速度500m/分で延伸し、続いてダウンツイスターを用いて15t/mのヨリを掛け170デシテックス20フィラメントの導電性ナイロン6長繊維を得た。得られたナイロン6長繊維の比抵抗値は106Ωcmであった。
得られた導電性ナイロン6短繊維に、電着処理剤として、コロイダルシリカ(日産化学工業株式会社製 スノーテックス-O)50g/L水溶液とアルミナゾル(日産化学工業株式会社製 アルミナゾル-100)50g/L水溶液を混合比6:1の割合で混合した40℃の水溶液に30分浸し、電着加工を施した。次に、120℃で5分間乾燥後、40メッシュの金網で篩いを実施し繊維の直径30μmの導電性フロックを得た。得られた導電性フロックの繊維長ばらつきは2.5%であった。また、飛翔性は15秒であり◎であった。
導電性ナイロン6長繊維を1周3mのカセ採り機を用いて、3000回カセ採りを行い、約51万デシテックスのトウの形状とした以外は、実施例1と同様にポリアミド長繊維、導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
導電性ナイロン6長繊維の製造において、孔径0.2mmの丸孔口金から吐出し、170デシテックス40フィラメントとし、導電性フロックの直径を15μmとした以外は実施例2と同様にポリアミド長繊維、導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例4
導電性ナイロン6長繊維の製造において、孔径0.4mmの丸孔口金から吐出し、170デシテックス8フィラメントとし、導電性フロックの直径を80μmとした以外は実施例2と同様にポリアミド長繊維、導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例2の導電性ナイロン6長繊維をギロチンカッターにて0.5mmの短繊維状にカットした以外は実施例2と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例6
実施例2の導電性ナイロン6長繊維をギロチンカッターにて3mmの短繊維状にカットした以外は実施例2と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
セルロース濃度が8質量%、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液6質量%の紡糸原液であるビスコースに導電性カーボンをセルロースに対するカーボンブラック粒子添加率が15質量%となるように調整し、高速撹拌して混合したものを真空脱泡して紡糸原液を得た。得たビスコースをネルソン型連続紡糸機を用いて紡糸ノズルから毎分11cc/分の吐出条件でH2SO4130g/l、ZnSO416g/l、NaSO4250g/l、温度51℃の紡糸浴中に紡出したのち浴中距離200mm、延伸率16%とし、引き続いて80℃の熱水処理と100℃のローラー乾燥処理をし、100m/分にて170デシテックス20フィラメントの導電性レーヨン長繊維を得た。得られた導電性レーヨン長繊維を実施例1と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例8
アクリロニトリル(AN)/アクリル酸メチル/メタリルスルホン酸ソーダが94.2/5.5/0.3モル%のジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)溶液を重合することによってアクリロニトリル系重合体A1を製造した。次にポリエチレンアジペート25質量%とポリエチレングリコール75質量%を混合したブロックポリエーテルエステルとANが70/30重量%となるように調整し、DMSO中でグラフト重合しB2を得た。次にB2に35質量%のファーネスブラック#40(三菱化成(株)製)を添加混合してB2に繊維中のファーネスブラック添加量が7.2質量%になるようにA1と混合し湿式紡糸により導電性アクリル長繊維を得た。得られた導電性アクリル長繊維を実施例1と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
ポリエステルに、平均粒径0.035μmの導電性ファーネスブラックを添加量20質量%となるように練り込み導電性ポリエステルペレットを製造した。得られたペレットを溶融温度290℃で溶融し、孔径0.3mmの丸孔口金から吐出し、冷却させた後、紡糸油剤を水で希釈し糸条付着量が0.7質量%となるように給油し、引取速度800m/分で未延伸糸を巻取った。つづいて、延伸機の供給ローラー速度300m/分、供給ローラー温度80℃、延伸ローラー速度500m/分、延伸ローラー温度150℃で延伸し、続いてダウンツイスターを用いて15t/mのヨリを掛け170デシテックス20フィラメントの導電性ポリエステル長繊維を得た。得られポリアミド長繊維の比抵抗値は106Ωcmであった。得られた導電性ポリエステル長繊維を実施例1と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
残存酢酸基量0.15モル%のポリビニルアルコールの濃度が17質量%、ポリビニルアルコールに対するホウ酸の濃度が1.3質量%となるように熱水に溶解し原液を調製し、この原液をノズルに送液する配管の途中にラインミキサーを設置し、導電性カーボンブラックの濃度が15.1質量%の水分散液を注入すると共に原液と混合し最終の紡糸原液とした。その後、ノズルから凝固浴中に紡出し、中和、湿熱、水洗、乾燥、熱延伸の各工程を経て捲き取り、ビニロン導電糸170デシテックス20フィラメントの導電性ビニロン長繊維を得た。得られた導電性ビニロン長繊維を実施例1と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
導電性カーボンブラックを含まないナイロン6ペレットを実施例1と同様に紡糸、延伸を実施し、170デシテックス20フィラメントのナイロン長繊維を得た。得られたナイロン長繊維を実施例1と同様に短繊維状にカットし、ピロールモノマーを50g/L水溶液に浸し、下流産アンモニウムを触媒として撹拌した。次に、120℃で5分間乾燥後、40メッシュの金網で篩いを実施し、実施例1と同様にブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
導電性ナイロン6長繊維を1周3mのカセ採り機を用いて、3万回カセ採りを行い、約510万デシテックスのトウの形状とした以外は、実施例1と同様にポリアミド長繊維、導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表1に示す。
導電性ナイロン6長繊維の製造において、孔径0.15mmの丸孔口金から吐出し、170デシテックス120フィラメントとし、導電性フロックの直径を5μmとした以外は実施例1と同様にポリアミド長繊維、導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表2に示す。
導電性ナイロン6長繊維の製造において、孔径0.5mmの丸孔口金から吐出し、170デシテックス4フィラメントとし、導電性フロックの直径を150μmとした以外は実施例1と同様にポリアミド長繊維、導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表2に示す。
実施例1の導電性ナイロン6長繊維をギロチンカッターにて0.1mmの短繊維状にカットした以外は実施例1と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表2に示す。
実施例1の導電性ナイロン6長繊維をギロチンカッターにて8mmの短繊維状にカットした以外は実施例1と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表2に示す。
実施例1の導電性ナイロン6長繊維からなるトウを、紙を巻かずにギロチンカッターでカットした以外は実施例1と同様に導電性フロック、ブラシを作成した。その結果を表2に示す。
Claims (7)
- 導電性を有する化学繊維であって、該化学繊維の直径が10~100μmであり、繊維長が0.5~5mmであり、かつ繊維長のばらつき率が5%以下であることを特徴とする導電性フロック。
- 導電性微粒子が化学繊維に含有されている請求項1記載の導電性フロック。
- 導電性微粒子がカーボンブラックであり、化学繊維中に5~40質量%含有されている請求項2記載の導電性フロック。
- 化学繊維が熱可塑性樹脂からなる繊維である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の導電性フロック。
- 熱可塑性樹脂がポリアミドである請求項4記載の導電性フロック。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の導電性フロックを用いて静電気植毛加工にて作成した導電ブラシ。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の導電性フロックの製造方法であって、導電性を有する化学繊維を繊度50~500万デシテックスに束ねたトウを、繊維軸の垂直方向に動かないように固定し、カットした短繊維を電着処理して得られる導電性フロックの製造方法。
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JP2004070006A (ja) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-03-04 | Inoac Corp | クリーニングローラ及びその製造方法 |
CN101278080B (zh) * | 2005-09-28 | 2012-04-04 | 东丽株式会社 | 聚酯纤维及使用了该聚酯纤维的纤维制品 |
JP2008257183A (ja) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-10-23 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 帯電ブラシ、帯電装置、プロセスユニット及び画像形成装置 |
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- 2009-12-01 KR KR1020167005756A patent/KR101700237B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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- 2009-12-01 CN CN201510082771.4A patent/CN104630926A/zh active Pending
- 2009-12-01 KR KR1020117010268A patent/KR20110100617A/ko active Application Filing
- 2009-12-01 WO PCT/JP2009/070140 patent/WO2010064613A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2003119662A (ja) * | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-23 | Chubu Pile Kogyosho:Kk | 繊維用断裁装置 |
JP2003213577A (ja) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-07-30 | Shigeki Morimoto | 電気植毛繊維材および電気植毛製品 |
JP2007077551A (ja) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-03-29 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 導電性繊維、導電性ブラシ用起毛布、及び導電性ブラシ |
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CN102323729A (zh) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-01-18 | 深圳市乐普泰科技有限公司 | 双层结构的送粉辊及制造方法 |
JP2014210994A (ja) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-11-13 | 槌屋ティスコ株式会社 | 静電植毛用フロック |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102239293A (zh) | 2011-11-09 |
CN104630926A (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
KR20110100617A (ko) | 2011-09-14 |
KR101700237B1 (ko) | 2017-01-26 |
JPWO2010064613A1 (ja) | 2012-05-10 |
JP5609638B2 (ja) | 2014-10-22 |
US20110240340A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
KR20160031558A (ko) | 2016-03-22 |
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