WO2010048788A1 - 氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2010048788A1
WO2010048788A1 PCT/CN2009/001211 CN2009001211W WO2010048788A1 WO 2010048788 A1 WO2010048788 A1 WO 2010048788A1 CN 2009001211 W CN2009001211 W CN 2009001211W WO 2010048788 A1 WO2010048788 A1 WO 2010048788A1
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Prior art keywords
situ gel
flurbiprofen
ester
ophthalmic
gel preparation
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PCT/CN2009/001211
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English (en)
French (fr)
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甘勇
甘莉
沈锦秋
朱春柳
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中国科学院上海药物研究所
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Priority to CN200980136565.XA priority Critical patent/CN102159186B/zh
Publication of WO2010048788A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010048788A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/192Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid 
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0048Eye, e.g. artificial tears
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/06Ointments; Bases therefor; Other semi-solid forms, e.g. creams, sticks, gels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P27/00Drugs for disorders of the senses
    • A61P27/02Ophthalmic agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel ophthalmic preparation of flurbiprofen ester, in particular to a flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation, more specifically a polymer containing nanoemulsion
  • the solution after administration in the form of eye drops, rapidly forms a gel on the surface of the cornea, thereby achieving the purpose of delaying the elimination of the drug, improving the retention time of the eye and the local bioavailability.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the preparation of the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel formulation. Background technique
  • Flurbiprofen is a widely used non-inflammatory anti-inflammatory drug with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects for the treatment of pain or inflammatory diseases.
  • Flurbiprofen is insoluble in water, and its eye application is a common eye drop solution using flurbiprofen sodium salt, which is mainly used for postoperative anti-inflammatory, treatment of inflammatory reaction after laser trabeculoplasty and other anterior segment inflammation.
  • Flurbiprofen is an acetoxyethyl ester of flurbiprofen which can be hydrolyzed by carbohydrase in the body to form flurbiprofen, which inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, thereby exerting analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Flurbiprofen is a colorless to yellowish transparent oil with a certain lipophilicity and is soluble in soybean oil to form a lipid microsphere emulsion preparation for intravenous injection.
  • Summary of the invention is an acetoxyethyl ester of flurbiprofen which can be hydrolyzed by carbohydrase in the body to form flurbiprofen, which inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, thereby exerting analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Flurbiprofen is a colorless to yellowish transparent oil with a certain lipophilicity and is soluble in soybean oil to form a lipid
  • one aspect of the present invention provides a flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation based on 1000 mL ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation, the preparation comprising the following group Minute:
  • the oil is preferably large One or more of soybean oil, castor oil and tricaprylic glyceride (MCT); the emulsifier is selected as a safe non-irritating surfactant suitable for application to the eye, preferably lecithin (such as soybean egg) Phospholipid, egg yolk lecithin, etc.
  • lecithin such as soybean egg
  • the bacteriostatic agent is preferably paraben One or more of methyl ester, ethyl paraben, propylparaben, chlorobutanol and sorbic acid;
  • the pH adjusting agent is preferably triethanolamine, NaOH, HCl, trishydroxymethylaminomethane One or more of boric acid, sodium borate, acetic acid and sodium acetate.
  • the thickener is a polymer material having ion-sensitive properties selected from various types of gellan gum, sodium alginate, guar gum, pectin, sodium hyaluronate, and hyprothenol.
  • the gellan gum has a molecular weight of ⁇ 10 7 105, the degree of methylation ⁇ 30%; molecular weight of sodium alginate I x l0 6 ⁇ 2.4x l0 6; guar gum child molecular weight of about 220,000; HPMC is The molecular weight is 86,000; the molecular weight of MC is 20,000 to 380,000; the molecular weight of PVP is 5,000 to 70,000; the model of carbomer is 934, 971, 974, 980 or 981.
  • the thickener is used in an amount of 2 to 50 g per 1000 mL of flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation.
  • the preparation having a thickener in this range has a low viscosity in vitro (1.0 to 50.0 cp, preferably 8.0 to 40.0 cp), has good fluidity, and can be easily dropped into the eye.
  • the thickener can be gelled by ion initiation after entering the eye, and the viscosity of the system increases to form an in situ gel.
  • the osmotic pressure adjusting agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of glycerin, glucose, mannitol, and propylene glycol.
  • the osmotic pressure adjusting agent is contained in an appropriate amount in the preparation of the present invention as long as the osmotic pressure of the preparation can be maintained within the range of 0.280 to 0.320 Osmol/kg (freezing point osmometry).
  • the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation provided by the present invention further comprises 0.1 to 1.2 g based on 1000 mL ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation.
  • the metal chelating agent is one or more of EDTA, EDTA-2Na, EDTA-Ca, and EDTA-2K.
  • Another technical solution of the present invention provides a method for preparing a flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in-situ gel preparation, the method comprising the steps of: using an oil having flurbiprofen ester as an oil phase; An emulsifier, a pH adjuster, a bacteriostatic agent and an osmotic pressure adjusting agent are added with an appropriate amount of purified water to prepare an aqueous phase; the oil phase is added to the aqueous phase, and the colostrum is obtained by shear emulsification, and is cooled to room temperature and then adjusted with a pH adjuster.
  • the pH value is about 5.5, and then the emulsion is homogenized by a high-pressure homogenizer, and the circulating water bath is cooled. After the emulsion, the viscosity is adjusted with an aqueous solution of a thickener, and the pH is adjusted to 4 to 9 with a pH adjuster, and the amount is adjusted to a sufficient amount with purified water; and the obtained emulsion is filtered with a 0.45 ⁇ microporous membrane.
  • the pressure of the high pressure homogenizer is greater than or equal to 600 bar.
  • the formulation provided by the present invention can be prepared by adding a metal chelating agent during the preparation of the aqueous phase.
  • the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in-situ gel preparation of the invention is a low-viscosity fluid in vitro, and after being dropped into the eye, it is increased under the action of Na + , K + , Ca 2+ and the like in the tear fluid.
  • the thickener gels and the viscosity of the system increases to form an in situ gel.
  • the ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation of flurbiprofen ester of the invention adopts safe, non-irritating nonionic surfactant lecithin, polysorbate, polyoxyethylene castor oil or polyoxyethylene hydrogenation Castor oil is an emulsifier; soybean oil, castor oil or tricaprylic glyceride is used as an oil; and a flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion is prepared to solve the problem of dissolution and dispersion of the fat-soluble drug, so that the oil is The drug is suitable for application to sensitive parts of the eye, and has the advantages of high comfort and no irritation.
  • the ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation of the flurbiprofen ester of the present invention has a low eye irritation. Firstly, the preparation adopts a thickening material with better biocompatibility; secondly, the technology of using nano-emulsion-loaded medicine can spread evenly on the surface of the cornea after topical application, effectively avoiding the excessive concentration of local administration. Eye irritation; Finally, administration in the form of an ester prodrug protects the carboxyl group in the active drug's original structure and is effective in reducing eye irritation.
  • the invention combines the nanoemulsion with the in situ gel technology, and can simultaneously exert the advantages of the two dosage forms: After the preparation is dropped into the eye, it spreads evenly, gels under the physiological condition of the tear, and forms a transparent gel with a large viscosity.
  • Glue adhered to the surface of the cornea, can overcome the shortcomings of the rapid loss of common eye drops, thereby prolonging the retention time of the drug eye; and the drug-containing nanoemulsion can play a role in storage (milk droplets) Due to the rate of wrapping and limiting the release of the drug, a sustained release is achieved in a form similar to a depot:), the drug is continuously released slowly, and the concentration of the aqueous humor is rapidly peaked and quickly removed after the ordinary solution is administered. , is conducive to giving full play to the anti-inflammatory effects of drugs.
  • the preparation process and prescription of the emulsion provided by the invention can effectively improve the stability of the ester type drug.
  • Esters are usually highly lipophilic and sensitive to pH and temperature.
  • the degree of hydrolysis of the drug directly affects the stability of the formulation.
  • the application of the oil in the formulation of the invention can effectively encapsulate the drug in the emulsion droplet, thereby avoiding the hydrolysis due to direct contact with the aqueous environment; the partial pH adjuster forming a buffer system can stabilize the pH of the preparation at a certain level.
  • the external factors are prevented from greatly affecting the pH value of the preparation.
  • the metal chelating agent in the formulation can combine metal ions introduced by the preparation or packaging storage to avoid degradation of the drug stability due to metal ion catalysis.
  • Figure 1 is a pathological section of Test Example 3, wherein A: PBS (phosphate buffer, no damage negative control group); B: SDS-PBS (0.1%, w/v, sodium lauryl sulfate) System, injury positive control group: C: Flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion of the invention - in situ gel; D: flurbiprofen sodium solution; 2 is a graph showing the time-dependent curve of the aqueous humor concentration of the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel and the flurbiprofen sodium solution prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. detailed description
  • the average droplet diameter of the emulsion was measured by a particle size measuring instrument (Nicomp388/ZetaPALS, PSS, USA), and the gel viscosity was measured by a rotational viscometer (Brookfield DV- ⁇ ), 1 to 100 rpm.
  • a particle size measuring instrument Nicomp388/ZetaPALS, PSS, USA
  • the gel viscosity was measured by a rotational viscometer (Brookfield DV- ⁇ ), 1 to 100 rpm.
  • flurbiprofen ester 100 mg was dissolved in 5 g of soybean oil according to the composition of Example 1 given in Table 1 below, and mixed at 70 ° C to form an oil phase; Add 1 mL of soy lecithin, 20 g of glycerol, 0.3 g of EDTA, 0.2 g of methylparaben to 800 mL of purified water, add appropriate amount of 0.1 M HCl, and dissolve at 70 ° C to prepare an aqueous phase. Add the oil phase. The aqueous phase was emulsified by T25 basic IKA high-shear milk homogenizer (12,000 rpm) to obtain colostrum.
  • nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparations of Examples 2 to 7 were prepared by the same preparation method as in Example 1 from the compositions and process parameters given in Table 1.
  • Example 2 Example 3
  • Example 4 Example 5
  • Example 6 Example 7 Average of the preparation
  • PI The particle size polydispersity coefficient was measured using a particle size analyzer (Nicomp388/ZetaPALS, PSS, USA). Test example 1
  • the preparations prepared in Examples 1 to 7 had a low viscosity before gelation, and the viscosity thereof increased remarkably after contact with artificial tears. It can be seen that the formulation provided by the present invention can achieve the effect of in situ gelation. It is a liquid with a lower viscosity in vitro, gels after eye drops, and forms a transparent gel with a higher viscosity to adhere to the surface of the cornea, thereby prolonging the corneal retention of the drug. Time to achieve a better therapeutic effect.
  • Test Example 2 Ophthalmic safety test of flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation
  • Test materials and conditions Test drug: Flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation prepared in Example 1, each dose was 100 L; Test animals: Clean grade New Zealand white rabbit 4 Only, male and female, weighing 2 ⁇ 3 kg (purchased from Shanghai Peace Special Animal and Plant Breeding Farm:); Animal feeding environment: Room temperature: 20 °C Humidity: 30% ⁇ 70 % Lighting: artificial light, 12 hours daylight, 12 Hour dark
  • Test method Gently pull open the conjunctival sac of rabbit eye, and drop 100 test drug into the conjunctival sac of right eye, and give normal saline as control on the left side. After the administration, the eyes are passively closed for 5 to 10 seconds (the action is light:), so that the liquid is in full contact with the local part. It was administered twice daily for one week. The lesions of the eyes at 6, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h after one week of administration were recorded and expressed by the Draize eye irritation test score (according to the New Drug (Western Medicine:) Clinical Research Guidelines (Pharmacology) Pharmacology Toxicology:)" Eye Stimulation Test, p. 208:). Corneal damage was examined with sodium fluorescein at the time of observation, and corneal transparency and iris texture changes were examined with a slit lamp.
  • Test results The rabbit eye stimulation scores at each test time point are shown in Table 3.
  • Table 3 rabbit eye stimulation scores at each test time Nol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 No3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No4 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0_ Total 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 Stimulus score 0 0 0.25 0 0 0.25 0.25 0 According to the Draize eye irritation evaluation standard, 0 to 3 is classified as non-irritating.
  • the eye irritation score at each test time point is 0 to 0.5, so the preparation of the present invention Rabbit eyes were not irritating at each test time. At the same time, the cornea and iris were normal after examination by slit lamp and sodium fluorescein. Since the test system is more sensitive than human eye irritation, a negative stimulus response can be determined to be non-irritating to the human eye.
  • Test Example 3 The fluorobifufen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation of the present invention for corneal injury test
  • Test materials and conditions Test drug: Flurbiprofen ester prepared in Example 1 for ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation, PBS (phosphate buffer, non-injury negative control group), SDS-PBS ( 0.1%, w/v, sodium lauryl phosphate system, damage positive control :), flurbiprofen sodium solution
  • Test animals 2 clean New Zealand white rabbits, half male and half female, weighing 2 ⁇ 3 kg (purchased from Shanghai Peace Special Animal and Plant Breeding Farm)
  • the flurbiprofen sodium solution slightly destabilizes the cell structural integrity of the cornea level, and the flurbiprofen ester prepared in the first embodiment of the present invention is used as the nanoemulsion-original In the tissue section of the gel, the corneal structure is intact, the surface is covered by the squamous epithelium and there is no necrosis, the connective tissue structure of the epithelium is clear and intact, and no inflammatory cell infiltration is observed, indicating that the preparation of the present invention is safe.
  • Test Example 4 Evaluation of eye retention of the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation of the present invention
  • Test animals 4 clean New Zealand white rabbits, half male and half female, weighing 2 ⁇ 3 kg (purchased from Shanghai Peace Special Animal and Plant Breeding Farm:); Animal feeding environment: Room temperature: 20 °C
  • Humidity 30% ⁇ 70 % Illumination: Artificial light, 12 hours daylight, 12 hours dark Test drug:
  • Example 1 ethyl rhodamine B-labeled flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation
  • 100 mg of flurbiprofen ester (purchased from Shanghai 3D Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.:) 0.1 g of ethyl rhodamine B dissolved in 5 g of soybean oil, mixed at 70 ° C to form an oil phase; add 800 to lg soy lecithin, 20 g glycerol, 0.3 g EDTA, 0.2 g methylparaben
  • the purified water was added in mL, and an appropriate amount of 0.1 M HCl was added thereto, and dissolved at 70 ° C to prepare an aqueous phase; the oil phase was added to the aqueous phase, and the colostrum was obtained by shear emulsification using a T25 basic IKA high shear emulsion homogenizer (12,000 rpm).
  • the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation of the present invention has a significantly longer residence time in the eye than ordinary flurbiprofen sodium.
  • the liquid can overcome the shortcoming of the rapid loss of flurbiprofen sodium eye drops in the eye, and can continuously release the drug, thereby improving the local drug effect.
  • Test Example 5 The pharmacokinetic investigation of the aqueous solution of the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel preparation of the present invention
  • Test materials and conditions Test animals: Clean white New Zealand white rabbits, male and female, weighing 2 ⁇ 3 kg (purchased from Shanghai Peace Special Animal and Plant Breeding Farm: Animal feeding environment: Room temperature: 20 °C
  • Humidity 30% ⁇ 70 % Lighting: artificial light, 12 hours daylight, 12 hours dark
  • Test method Gently pull open the rabbit conjunctival sac, and drop 50 test drugs into the conjunctival sac. After the administration, the eyes are passively closed for 5 ⁇ 10 seconds (light action:), so that the liquid and the part are sufficient. contact. Subsequently, rabbits were lightly anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 480, 600, 720 min, and spurted from the limbus with a lmL sterile injection.
  • Fig. 2 is a graph showing the time-dependent curve of the aqueous humor concentration of the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel and the flurbiprofen sodium solution prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.
  • the aqueous pharmacokinetic data obtained from the curve in Fig. 2 shows that the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion of the present invention is more pharmacokinetic than the rapid peak elimination after the administration of the flurbiprofen sodium solution.
  • the in situ gel has a significant sustained release effect, and the aqueous drug concentration can be maintained at 0.22 g/mL for a long time in the experimental investigation time range. The concentration is around, and the fluctuation is small, and the characteristics of stable drug release are very significant.
  • the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the logarithmic trapezoidal method, and the calculation results are shown in Table 5 below.
  • the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion-in situ gel Tmax prepared in Example 1 of the present invention was significantly prolonged compared with the flurbiprofen sodium solution, and the MRT (12.3 h) was 2.7 of the flurbiprofen sodium solution.
  • the AUC 0 ⁇ 12 h is 2.9 times that of the flurbiprofen sodium solution.
  • the test results show that the nanoemulsion-in situ gel carrier used in the present invention can significantly improve the eye bioavailability of flurbiprofen.
  • Test Example 6 Drug stability evaluation of the flurbiprofen ester ophthalmic nanoemulsion of the present invention 1. Test materials and conditions: Test drug:
  • Flurbiprofen ester micelle solution A surfactant solution (e.g., Tween 80) in which flurbiprofen is dissolved is diluted with an appropriate amount of purified water to obtain a flurbiprofen ester micelle solution.
  • a surfactant solution e.g., Tween 80
  • Flurbiprofen ester nanoemulsion 1000 mg of flurbiprofen ester (purchased from Shanghai 3D Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in 5 g of castor oil and mixed at 70 ° C to form an oil phase; added to 4 g of Tween 80, 22 g of glycerin and 0.1 g of sorbic acid 800 mL of purified water, dissolved at 70 ° C to prepare an aqueous phase; the oil phase was added to the aqueous phase, and the colostrum was obtained by shear emulsification using a T25 basic IKA high-shear milk homogenizer (12,000 rpm).
  • HC1 or NaOH of M was adjusted to a pH of about 5.5, and further homogenized by a high pressure homogenizer (Panda 2000, GEA Niro Soavi SPA, Italy) (at a pressure of 1200 bar) for 5 times to obtain a concentrated emulsion.
  • a high pressure homogenizer Panda 2000, GEA Niro Soavi SPA, Italy
  • Test method Take 1 mL of the above three preparations in a 50 mL volumetric flask, dilute with absolute ethanol, filter with 0.45 ⁇ filter, and take 20 L into liquid chromatograph (HPLC) to detect the drug and hydrolyze. The content of the product flurbiprofen.
  • the nanoemulsion prepared by the invention can block the contact with the aqueous external continuous phase by encapsulating the flurbiprofen ester into the oil phase of the emulsion droplet, thereby effectively improving the ratio of flurbiprofen ester in the preparation. stability.
  • buffer systems and metal chelators have the ability to maintain formulation pH and prevent metal ion catalysis. Therefore, it can also effectively improve the stability of the ester type drug.
  • Table 6 Hydrolysis of ester-type drugs Flurbiprofen ester concentration Flurbiprofen concentration Flurbiprofen / Flurbiprofen ester preparation

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Description

氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种氟比洛芬酯的新型眼用制剂,具体涉及一种氟比洛芬 酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 更具体地说其是一种含有纳米乳的高分子 溶液, 以滴眼剂的形式给药后迅速在角膜表面形成凝胶,从而达到延缓药 物的消除,提高眼部滞留时间和局部生物利用度的目的。本发明还涉及该 氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂的制备方法。 背景技术
氟比洛芬是临床广泛使用的非 体抗炎药,具有抗炎、止痛及解热作 用, 用于疼痛或炎症疾病的治疗。 我国已于 1998年批准上海三维制药有 限公司的氟比洛芬原料药和片剂上市,用于治疗类风湿性关节炎,后又批 准过缓释片。氟比洛芬难溶于水,其眼部应用为采用氟比洛芬钠盐的普通 滴眼溶液,主要用于术后抗炎, 治疗激光小梁成形术后的炎症反应和其它 眼前段炎症; 预防和治疗白内障人工晶状体植入术后的黄斑囊样水肿; 也 用于治疗巨乳头性结膜炎; 抑制内眼手术中的瞳孔缩小。该制剂为普通溶 液剂, 在眼表滞留时间短, 清除迅速, 临床上需反复多次给药, 往往疗效 欠佳。
氟比洛芬酯为氟比洛芬的乙酰氧基乙酯,可在体内羧基酯酶的作用下 水解生成氟比洛芬, 抑制前列腺素的合成, 从而发挥止痛和抗炎的作用。 氟比洛芬酯为无色至微黄透明油状物,具有一定的亲脂性,可溶于大豆油 中制成脂质微球乳液制剂, 用于静脉注射。然而, 目前国内外还没有其眼 用制剂上市。 发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂。 本发明的另一个目的是提供本发明的眼用制剂的制备方法。 为了实现上述目的, 本发明的一个技术方案提供了一种氟比洛芬酯眼 用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 基于 1000 mL眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 该制 剂包含以下组分:
,比洛芬酯 〜1000 100 g 乳化剂 50 g 增稠剂 50 g 渗透压调节剂 抑菌剂 0—0.5 g pH调节剂 纯化水 加至 1000 mL c 在上述处方中, 所述油优选为大豆油、 蓖麻油和三辛酸癸酸甘油酯 (MCT)中的一种或多种;所述乳化剂选择适合应用于眼部的安全无刺激性 的表面活性剂, 优选为卵磷脂 (如大豆卵磷脂、 蛋黄卵磷脂等:)、 聚山梨酯 (如 Tween60、 Tween80等)、 聚氧乙烯蓖麻油和聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油中的 一种或多种; 所述抑菌剂优选为尼泊金甲酯、 尼泊金乙酯、 尼泊金丙酯、 三氯叔丁醇和山梨酸中的一种或多种; 所述 pH调节剂优选为三乙醇胺、 NaOH、 HC1、 三羟甲基氨基甲烷、 硼酸、 硼酸钠、 醋酸和醋酸钠中的一 种或多种。
在上述处方中,所述增稠剂为具有离子敏感特性的高分子材料,其选 自各种型号的结冷胶、 海藻酸钠、 瓜儿胶、 果胶质、 玻璃酸钠、 羟丙甲纤 维素 (HPMC )、 甲基纤维素 (MC )、 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP)、 聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 和卡波姆等中的一种或多种; 并优选为结冷胶、海藻酸钠和卡波姆中的一 种或多种。
其中, 结冷胶的分子量为 105〜107, 其甲基化程度 <30 %; 海藻酸钠 的分子量为 I x l06〜2.4x l06 ; 瓜儿胶的分子量约为 220,000; HPMC的分 子量为 86,000; MC的分子量为 20,000〜380,000; PVP的分子量为 5,000〜 70,000; 卡波姆的型号为 934、 971、 974、 980或 981。 每 1000 mL氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶制剂中, 所述增稠剂的 用量为 2〜50 g。增稠剂用量在该范围内的制剂,其在体外粘度较低 (1.0〜 50.0 cp, 优选 8.0〜40.0 cp), 流动性好, 可以方便地滴入眼内。 该增稠剂 入眼后能够受离子引发发生胶凝, 体系粘度增大而形成原位凝胶。 在上述处方中, 所述渗透压调节剂为甘油、 葡萄糖、甘露糖醇和丙二 醇中的一种或多种。渗透压调节剂在本发明制剂中的含量适量,只要能够 使该制剂的渗透压保持在 0.280〜0.320 Osmol/Kg (冰点渗透压法)的范围 内即可。
在本发明的优选技术方案中, 基于 1000 mL眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶制 剂, 本发明提供的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂还进一歩包含 0.1〜1.2 g的金属螯合剂, 其可以起到稳定本发明的酯型药物的作用。 所 述金属螯合剂为 EDTA、 EDTA-2Na、 EDTA-Ca和 EDTA-2K中的一种或 多种。 本发明的另一个技术方案提供了氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶制 剂的制备方法, 该方法包括以下歩骤: 将溶有氟比洛芬酯的油作为油相; 向乳化剂、 pH调节剂、 抑菌剂和渗透压调节剂中加入适量的纯化水, 制 成水相; 将油相加入水相, 剪切乳化得到初乳, 冷却至室温后用 pH调节 剂调节 pH值至 5.5左右, 进而用高压均质机均质得到乳液, 循环水浴冷 却乳液后, 用增稠剂水溶液调节粘度, 用 pH调节剂调节 pH值至 4〜9, 用纯化水补至足量; 所得乳剂用 0.45 μιη的微孔滤膜过滤, 即得。 其中, 高压均质机的压力大于或等于 600巴。 在上述制备方法中,可以在制备水相的过程中加入金属螯合剂而制备 本发明提供的制剂。
本发明的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶制剂在体外为低粘度流 体, 滴入眼内后, 在泪液中的 Na+、 K+、 Ca2+等阳离子作用下, 增稠剂 发生胶凝, 体系粘度增大而形成原位凝胶。 有益效果
1、 本发明的氟比洛芬酯的眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶制剂采用安全、 无刺 激性的非离子表面活性剂卵磷脂、聚山梨酯、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油或聚氧乙烯 氢化蓖麻油为乳化剂; 采用大豆油、 蓖麻油或三辛酸癸酸甘油酯等为油; 制备得到氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳剂,解决了该脂溶性药物的溶解、分散问 题, 使该油状药物适合应用到眼部敏感部位, 具有舒适度高、无刺激性的 优点。
2、本发明的氟比洛芬酯的眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂的眼部刺激性较 低。 首先, 该制剂采用了生物相容性较好的增稠材料; 其次, 采用纳米乳 包载药物的技术,局部用药后能均匀铺展于角膜表面,有效地避免了因局 部给药浓度过高引起的眼部刺激性; 最后, 以酯型前体药物的形式给药, 保护了活性药物原结构中的羧基, 可有效降低眼部刺激性。
3、 本发明将纳米乳与原位凝胶技术相结合, 能够同时发挥两种剂型 的优势: 制剂滴入眼后, 均匀铺展, 在泪液生理条件下发生胶凝, 形成粘 度较大的透明凝胶,粘附于角膜表面, 能够克服普通滴眼液迅速流失的缺 点, 从而延长药物眼部滞留时间; 而含药纳米乳能够发挥贮库作用 (乳滴 因包裹并限制药物从中释放的速率,从而以类似于贮库的形式实现持续释 药:), 持续缓慢释药, 避免了普通溶液剂用药后, 房水药物浓度快速达峰、 快速清除的现象, 有利于充分发挥药物的抗炎疗效。
4、 本发明的氟比洛芬酯的眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂实现了长效释 药。 普通眼用制剂一般在给药后 30〜60 min内迅速达到峰浓度, 并在眼 部清除机制的作用下快速消除, 因而相对生物利用度通常在 2〜5%, 需 要患者频繁用药以达到治疗效果。本发明制备的原位凝胶制剂给药后,平 均驻留时间长达 12.3 h, 缓释特性显著。 另经试验发现, 本发明的制剂在 给药后 0.5〜6 h内的房水药物浓度始终维持在一定的浓度范围内,且波动 较小,平稳释药的特点十分显著。上述两大优势有效克服了普通眼用制剂 普遍存在的清除快、 生物利用度不高、 需频繁使用的缺陷, 本发明提供的 制剂有利于临床减少用药次数, 提高患者顺应性。
5、本发明提供的乳剂制备工艺及处方可有效提高酯型药物的稳定性。 酯型药物通常具有高亲脂性以及对 pH值、 温度敏感等性质, 药物水解程 度会直接影响到制剂的稳定性。本发明制剂处方中油的应用可有效地将药 物包裹在乳滴中,从而避免其因与水性外界环境直接接触而发生水解; 处 方中的部分 pH调节剂形成缓冲体系能将制剂 pH值稳定在一定的范围内, 防止外界因素对制剂 pH值造成较大影响。 另外, 处方中的金属螯合剂可 以鳌合因制备或包装储存环节引入的金属离子,避免因金属离子催化而造 成药物稳定性下降。 附图说明
图 1为试验实施例 3的病理切片图, 其中 A: PBS (磷酸盐缓冲液, 无损伤阴性对照组); B: SDS-PBS (0.1%, w/v, 十二烷基硫酸钠磷酸盐 系统, 损伤阳性对照组: C: 本发明的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶; D: 氟比洛芬钠溶液; 图 2为本发明实施例 1 中制备的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶与 氟比洛芬钠溶液的药物房水浓度经时曲线。 具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一歩阐述, 但不限制本发明。
乳 滴 平 均 粒 径 用 动 态 光 散 射 原 理 的 粒 度 测 定 仪 (Nicomp388/ZetaPALS , 美国 PSS 公司)测定, 凝胶粘度采用旋转粘度计 (Brookfield DV-ΠΙ)测定, 1〜 100 rpm。 实施例 1
按照下面表 1中给出实施例 1的组成,将 100 mg氟比洛芬酯 (购自上 海三维制药有限公司:)溶解于 5 g大豆油中, 70°C混合均匀制成油相; 向 1 g大豆卵磷脂、 20 g甘油、 0.3 g EDTA、 0.2 g尼泊金甲酯中加入 800 mL 纯化水, 并加入适量 0.1M HC1, 70°C搅拌溶解, 制成水相; 将油相加入 水相, 使用 T25 basic IKA高剪切乳匀机 (12,000 rpm)剪切乳化得到初乳, 冷却至室温后用适量 0.1M HC1-0.3M三乙醇胺适量调节 pH值至 5.5左右, 进而用高压均质机 (Panda2000, GEA Niro Soavi S.P.A.公司,意大利)(1200 bar压力下)均质 5遍, 得到浓缩乳液。
将 4 g结冷胶 (Gelrite®)溶解于 100 mL纯化水中,搅拌使其完全溶解; 将其加入循环水浴冷却后的浓缩乳液中, 搅拌均匀, 用适量 0.1M HC1-0.3M三乙醇胺调节 pH值至 7.0,用纯化水补至 1000 mL,再用 0.45 μιη 的微孔滤膜过滤, 灌装, 即得。
采用与实施例 1相同的制备方法, 由表 1中给出的组成和工艺参数, 制得实施例 2〜7的纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂。
表 实施例 1〜7的氟比洛芬酯纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂组成和工艺参 数 实施例 1 实施例 2 实施例 3 实施例 4 实施例 5 实施例 6 实施例 7 氟比洛芬酯 100 mg 300 mg 500 mg 400 mg 200 mg 400 mg 1000 mg 大豆油 30 g 蓖麻油 30 g 蓖麻油 油 大豆油 5 g 蓖麻油 60 g 大豆油 100 g MCT 50 g
MCT 15 g MCT 10 g 5 g 大豆 聚氧乙烯蓖 聚氧乙烯氢化 蛋黄 蛋黄 Tween80 乳化剂 Tween80 20 g
卵磷脂 1 g 麻油 40 g 蓖麻油 50 g 卵磷脂 15 g 卵磷脂 10 g 4 g 海藻酸钠 10 g 结冷胶 12 g 结冷胶 15 g 卡波姆 974 增稠剂 结冷胶 4 g 结冷胶 16 g 结冷胶 50 g
HPMC 2 g HPMC 1 g 玻璃酸钠 5 g 12 g 渗透压调节
甘油 20 g 甘油 22 g 甘油 21 g 甘油 14 g 丙二醇 20 g 甘油 16 g 甘油 22 g 剂 尼伯金 尼伯金 尼伯金 三氯叔 山梨酸 山梨酸 山梨酸 抑菌剂
甲酉 0.2 g 乙酯 0.4 g 丙酉 0.5 g 丁醇 0.2 g 0.1 g 0.2 g 0.1 g 三乙醇胺 三羟甲基氨
三乙醇胺 三乙醇胺 三乙醇胺 硼酸 l .Og pH调节剂 0.3M NaOH 0.5M 基甲垸
0.5M 0.5M 0.5M 醋酸钠 0.5g
HC1 0.1M 0.5M
EDTA EDTA-2Na EDTA EDTA EDTA-2Na 金属螯合剂
0.3 g 0.2 g o. i g 0.4 g 0.6 g 纯化水 至 1000 mL 至 1000 mL 至 1000 mL 至 1000 mL 至 1000 mL 至 1000 mL 至 1000 mL 制剂的 pH
7.0 7.2 7.0 7.0 6.2 6.5 5.5 实施例 1 实施例 2 实施例 3 实施例 4 实施例 5 实施例 6 实施例 7 制剂的平均
53 nm 159 nm 167 nm 209 nm 164 nm 168 nm 81.0 nm 粒径 制剂的 PI 0.208 0.186 0.165 0.148 0.188 0.207 0.243
PI: 为粒径多分散系数, 采用粒度测定仪 (Nicomp388/ZetaPALS, 美 国 PSS公司)测得。 试验实施例 1
采用旋转粘度计 Brookfield DV-III (1〜100 rpm)测定各实施例的流变 学数据 (粘度:), 其结果如下表 2所示:
表 2
实施例编号 体外粘度 和人工泪液混合后粘度
1 8.6 cp 144 cp
2 12.8 cp 159 cp
3 15.3 cp 150 cp
4 19.4 cp 1240 cp
5 38 cp 1380 cp
6 28 cp 889 cp
7 24.6 cp 52.6 cp 由上述测定结果可见,实施例 1〜7制得的制剂在胶凝前粘度均较低, 而与人工泪液接触后其粘度均发生显著增加。 由此可见,本发明提供的制 剂可实现原位胶凝的效果。其在体外为粘度较低的液体,滴眼后发生胶凝, 形成粘度较大的透明凝胶, 以粘附于角膜表面,从而延长药物的角膜滞留 时间, 实现更加良好的治疗效果。 试验实施例 2: 氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂的眼用安全性 试验
1、 试验材料与条件: 试验药物:实施例 1中制备的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 每次给药量为 100 L; 试验动物: 清洁级新西兰白兔 4只, 雌雄各半, 体重 2〜3公斤 (购自 上海和平特种动植物繁殖场:); 动物饲养环境: 室温: 20°C 湿度: 30%〜70 % 照明: 人工光线, 12小时日光, 12小时黑暗
2、 试验方法: 轻轻拉开家兔眼结膜囊, 将 100 试验药物滴入右侧眼结膜囊内, 左侧给予生理盐水作为对照。 给药后使眼睛被动闭合 5〜10秒 (动作轻:), 使药液与局部有充分接触。每日给药两次, 连续给药一周。记录给药一周 后 6、 24、 48、 72、 96、 120、 144、 168 h的眼的损伤情况, 以 Draize眼 刺激性试验评分表示 (依据《新药 (西药:)临床研究指导原则汇编 (药理 药理 学 毒理学:)》 眼刺激试验第 208 页:)。 观察时用荧光素钠检查角膜损害, 用裂隙灯检查角膜透明度和虹膜纹理改变。
3、 试验结果: 各试验时间点家兔眼刺激分值见表 3。 表 3 各试验时间点家兔眼刺激分值
Figure imgf000010_0001
Nol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 No3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No4 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0_ 总计 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 刺激分值 0 0 0.25 0 0 0.25 0.25 0 根据 Draize眼刺激性评价标准, 0〜3分为无刺激性, 从表 3可以看 出,在各试验时间点的眼刺激分值为 0〜0.5, 因此本发明的制剂对家兔眼 睛在各试验时间点均无刺激性。同时经裂隙灯和荧光素钠检查,角膜和虹 膜均正常。 由于该试验系统比人眼刺激反应敏感, 因此刺激反应阴性可确 定对人眼无刺激性。
试验实施例 3 : 本发明的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶制剂对角 膜损伤性试验
1、 试验材料与条件: 试验药物:实施例 1中制备的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, PBS (磷酸盐缓冲液, 无损伤阴性对照组), SDS-PBS (0.1%, w/v, 十二烷 基硫酸钠磷酸盐系统, 损伤阳性对照组:), 氟比洛芬钠溶液
试验动物: 清洁级新西兰白兔 2只, 雌雄各半, 体重 2〜3公斤 (购自 上海和平特种动植物繁殖场)
2、 试验方法:
耳缘静脉注射空气针处死家兔后小心摘取眼球 (4只), 去除脂肪、 肌 肉等附属物后冲洗干净, 分别于 PBS、 SDS-PBS (0.1%, w/v), 氟比洛芬 酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶和氟比洛芬钠溶液中, 37°C孵育 30 min后, 生理 盐水洗净, 福尔马林固定, 制成 HE染色病理切片, 光镜检查角膜受损情 况。 3、 试验结果: 病理切片如图 1所示,氟比洛芬钠溶液对角膜水平细胞结构完整性略 有破坏, 而本发明实施例 1 中制备的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶的 组织切片中角膜结构完整,表面由鳞状上皮覆盖并无坏死脱落,上皮结缔 组织结构清晰完好, 未见炎症细胞浸润, 说明本发明制剂的安全性良好。
试验实施例 4: 本发明的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶制剂的眼 部滞留评价
1、 试验材料与条件:
试验动物: 清洁级新西兰白兔 4只, 雌雄各半, 体重 2〜3公斤 (购自 上海和平特种动植物繁殖场:); 动物饲养环境: 室温: 20°C
湿度: 30%〜70 % 照明: 人工光线, 12小时日光, 12小时黑暗 试验药物:
①乙基罗丹明 B标记的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂 依据实施例 1中的制备方法,将 100 mg氟比洛芬酯 (购自上海三维制 药有限公司:), 0.1 g乙基罗丹明 B溶解于 5 g大豆油中, 70°C混合均匀制 成油相; 向 l g大豆卵磷脂、 20 g甘油、 0.3 g EDTA、 0.2 g尼泊金甲酯中 加入 800 mL纯化水, 并加入适量 0.1M HC1, 70°C搅拌溶解, 制成水相; 将油相加入水相, 使用 T25 basic IKA高剪切乳匀机 (12,000 rpm)剪切乳化 得到初乳, 冷却至室温后用适量 0.1M HC1-0.3M三乙醇胺适量调节 pH值 至 5.5左右, 进而用高压均质机 (Panda2000, GEA Niro Soavi S.P.A.公司, 意大利) (1200 bar压力下)均质 5遍, 得到浓缩乳液。 将 4 g结冷胶 (Gelrite®)溶解于 100 mL纯化水中,搅拌使其完全溶解; 将其加入循环水浴冷却后的浓缩乳液中, 搅拌均匀, 用适量 0.1M HC1-0.3M三乙醇胺调节 pH值至 7.0,用纯化水补至 1000 mL,再用 0.45 μιη 的微孔滤膜过滤, 灌装, 即得。
②乙基罗丹明 Β标记的市售氟比洛芬钠滴眼液 (商品名, 欧可芬) 将乙基罗丹明 Β直接溶解于氟比洛芬钠滴眼液中, 使其最终浓度为 0.01%(w/v), 即可。
2、 试验方法
轻轻拉开家兔眼结膜囊, 将 0.1 mL试验药物滴入右侧眼结膜囊内, 给药后使眼睛被动闭合 5〜10秒 (动作轻:), 使药液与局部有充分接触。 随 后, 分别于 15、 30、 60、 90、 120、 180和 240 min时, 用裂隙灯观察兔 眼部的荧光强度。 按荧光强度分为强 (2)、 弱 (1)和无 (0)三个等级, 分别评 分。 每个受试组分别用四只兔眼, 重复试验, 取平均值, 其结果如下表 4
表 4 各时间点家兔眼部荧光强度
Figure imgf000013_0001
由上述家兔在眼部滞留试验的结果可见,本发明的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳 米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 在眼部的滞留时间明显长于普通的氟比洛芬钠滴眼 液, 能够克服氟比洛芬钠滴眼液在眼部迅速流失的缺点, 能够持续释放药 物, 从而提高了局部药效。
试验实施例 5 : 本发明的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶制剂的房 水药动学考察
1、 试验材料与条件: 试验动物: 清洁级新西兰白兔若干只, 雌雄各半, 体重 2〜3公斤 (购 自上海和平特种动植物繁殖场: 动物饲养环境: 室温: 20°C
湿度: 30%〜70 % 照明: 人工光线, 12小时日光, 12小时黑暗
2、 试验方法: 轻轻拉开家兔眼结膜囊, 将 50 试验药物滴入眼结膜囊内, 给药后 使眼睛被动闭合 5〜10秒 (动作轻:), 使药液与局部有充分接触。 随后, 分 别于 30、 60、 90、 120、 180、 240、 300、 360、 480、 600、 720 min时用 戊巴比妥钠轻度麻醉家兔, 用 l mL无菌注射从角膜缘上方刺入前房, 抽 取房水适量, 立即用 HPLC ( Agilent 1100, 乙腈:冰醋酸水溶液 58:42(V/v)) 检测房水药物浓度。 每个时间点包括 3只兔眼的数据。
3、 试验结果: 图 2是为本发明实施例 1 中制备的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶 与氟比洛芬钠溶液的药物房水浓度经时曲线。由图 2中曲线所获得的房水 药动学数据显示,相比氟比洛芬钠溶液给药后快速达峰快速消除的药动学 性质, 本发明的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位凝胶具有明显的缓释效果, 且在试验考察时间范围内能长时间的将房水药物浓度维持在 0.22 g/mL 的浓度左右, 且波动小, 平稳释药的特点十分显著。
用对数梯形法计算各主要药动学参数,其计算结果如下表 5所示。本 发明实施例 1中制备的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶 Tmax (4.0 较氟 比洛芬钠溶液有显著延长, MRT (12.3 h)是氟比洛芬钠溶液的 2.7倍, AUC 0→12 h是氟比洛芬钠溶液的 2.9倍。 试验结果说明本发明所采用的纳米 乳 -原位凝胶载体可以显著提高氟比洛芬酯的眼部生物利用度。
表 5 房水药动学主要参数
Figure imgf000015_0001
Tmax/h 1.5 4.0
Cmax/ g'mL-1 0.178士 0.009 0.257±0.096
Ti/2/h 3.20士 0. 19 8.5±1.6
MRT/h 4.6士 0.3 12.3士 2.3
AUC/ g'min'mL-1 43.2士 6.9 26.8士 7.5 试验实施例 6: 本发明的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳的药物稳定性评价 1、 试验材料与条件: 试验药物:
(1)氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 实施例 7中制备的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶
(2)氟比洛芬酯胶束溶液 将溶有氟比洛芬酯的表面活性剂溶液 (如 Tween80)用适量纯化水稀 释, 即得氟比洛芬酯胶束溶液。
(3)氟比洛芬酯纳米乳 (无缓冲体系及金属螯合剂) 将 1000 mg氟比洛芬酯 (购自上海三维制药有限公司)溶解于 5 g蓖麻 油中, 70°C混合均匀制成油相; 向 4 g Tween80、 22 g甘油和 0.1 g山梨酸 中加入 800 mL纯化水, 70°C搅拌溶解, 制成水相; 将油相加入水相, 使 用 T25 basic IKA高剪切乳匀机 (12,000 rpm)剪切乳化得到初乳, 冷却至室 温后用 1.0M的 HC1或 NaOH调节 pH值至 5.5左右, 进而用高压均质机 (Panda2000, GEA Niro Soavi S.P.A.公司,意大利) (1200 bar压力下)均质 5 遍, 得到浓缩乳液。
将 12 g卡波姆 974溶解于 100 mL纯化水中, 搅拌使其完全溶解; 将 其加入循环水浴冷却后的浓缩乳液中,搅拌均匀,用 1.0M的 HC1或 NaOH 调节 pH值至 5.5,用纯化水补至 1000 mL,再用 0.45 μιη的微孔滤膜过滤, 灌装, 即得。
2、 试验方法: 取上述三种制剂 1 mL于 50 mL量瓶中, 分别用无水乙醇定容, 0.45 μιη滤膜过滤, 取 20 L注入液相色谱仪 (HPLC)中, 检测药物及水解产物 氟比洛芬的含量。
3、 试验结果: 由于酯型药物在水性环境下容易发生水解,因而适量加入油相对保护 酯型药物有很大的影响作用。表 6的数据显示,在本发明实施例 7中制备 的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳中, 水解产物氟比洛芬占氟比洛芬酯含量的 0.742%, 显著低于氟比洛芬酯胶束溶液 (氟比洛芬含量为 3.41%)和氟比洛 芬酯纳米乳 (无缓冲体系和金属螯合剂, 氟比洛芬含量为 1.24%)。 可见本 发明制备的纳米乳通过将氟比洛芬酯包载到乳滴的油相中,从而阻断其与 水性的外连续相的接触,有效的提高了氟比洛芬酯在制剂中的稳定性。另 外, 缓冲体系和金属螯合剂由于具有维持制剂 pH和防止金属离子催化的 作用, 因而也能有效提高酯型药物的稳定性。 表 6 酯型药物水解情况 氟比洛芬酯浓度 氟比洛芬浓度 氟比洛芬 /氟比洛芬酯 制剂
^g/mL) ^g/mL) % 氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 1012.16 7.51 0.742
氟比洛芬酯胶束 956.69 32.63 3.41 氟比洛芬酯纳米乳
(无缓冲体系及金属螯 963.59 11.95 1.24
合剂)

Claims

权利要求
1、一种氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂,基于 1000 mL眼用纳 米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 该制剂包含以下组分
,比洛芬酯 〜1000
100 g 乳化剂 50 g 增稠剂 50 g 渗透压调节剂
抑菌剂 0—0.5 g
pH调节剂 纯化水 加至 1000 mLc
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 其 中, 所述油为大豆油、 蓖麻油和三辛酸癸酸甘油酯中的一种或多种。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 其 中, 所述乳化剂为卵磷脂、 聚山梨酯、 聚氧乙烯蓖麻油和聚氧乙烯氢化蓖 麻油中的一种或多种。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 其 中, 所述渗透压调节剂为甘油、葡萄糖、甘露糖醇和丙二醇中的一种或多 种。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 其 中, 所述增稠剂选自结冷胶、 海藻酸钠、 瓜儿胶、 果胶质、 玻璃酸钠、 羟 丙甲纤维素、 甲基纤维素、 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 聚乙烯醇和卡波姆中的一种 或多种。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 其 中, 所述增稠剂为结冷胶、 海藻酸钠或卡波姆。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 其 中, 所述结冷胶的分子量为 105〜107, 其甲基化程度 <30 % ; 所述海藻酸钠 的分子量为 I x l 06〜2.4x l 06; 所述瓜儿胶的分子量为 220,000 ; 所述羟丙甲 纤维素的分子量为 86,000; 所述甲基纤维素的分子量为 20,000〜380,000; 所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的分子量为 5,000〜70,000;所述卡波姆的型号为 934、 971、 974、 980或 981。
8、 根据权利要求 1〜7 中任一项所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳 -原位 凝胶制剂, 其中, 基于 1000 mL眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 该制剂还进 一歩包含 0.1〜1.2 g的金属螯合剂。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂, 其 中, 所述金属螯合剂为 EDTA、 EDTA-2Na、 EDTA-Ca和 EDTA-2K中的 一种或多种。
10、 权利要求 1所述的氟比洛芬酯眼用纳米乳-原位凝胶制剂的制备 方法,该方法包括以下歩骤:将溶有氟比洛芬酯的油作为油相; 向乳化剂、 pH调节剂、 抑菌剂和渗透压调节剂中加入适量的纯化水, 制成水相; 将 油相加入水相, 剪切乳化得到初乳, 冷却至室温后用 pH调节剂调节 pH 值至 5.5左右, 进而用高压均质机均质得到乳液, 循环水浴冷却乳液后, 用增稠剂水溶液调节粘度, 用 pH调节剂调节 pH值至 4〜9, 用纯化水补 至足量; 所得乳剂用 0.45 μιη的微孔滤膜过滤。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的制备方法, 其中, 在制备水相的过程中 加入金属螯合剂。
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