WO2009139336A1 - 分子量分布の狭いポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
分子量分布の狭いポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009139336A1 WO2009139336A1 PCT/JP2009/058708 JP2009058708W WO2009139336A1 WO 2009139336 A1 WO2009139336 A1 WO 2009139336A1 JP 2009058708 W JP2009058708 W JP 2009058708W WO 2009139336 A1 WO2009139336 A1 WO 2009139336A1
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- polyphenylene ether
- resin composition
- ether resin
- group
- substituted
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- 0 *c1cccc(*)c1O Chemical compound *c1cccc(*)c1O 0.000 description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1CCCCC1 Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08L71/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08L71/12—Polyphenylene oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/44—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols by oxidation of phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/485—Polyphenylene oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyphenylene ether resin composition having a narrow molecular weight distribution, excellent processing fluidity, further suppressing gel generation and excellent chemical resistance.
- Polyphenylene ether (hereinafter also referred to as “PPE”) is excellent in processability and productivity, and can efficiently produce products and parts of a desired shape by a molding method such as a melt injection molding method or a melt extrusion molding method. -Widely used as materials for products and parts in the fields of electronic materials, automobiles, other industrial materials, and food packaging. With the diversification of applications, various types of polyphenylene ethers having excellent heat resistance and mechanical properties, and having different properties such as molecular weight and glass transition temperature have been demanded. Usually, polyphenylene ether has a phenomenon in which the reduced viscosity increases during heat processing (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a PPE composition that is press-molded at 250 ° C. with monoamine contained in polyphenylene ether powder for the purpose of improving light stability.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a PPE composition obtained by press-molding polyphenylene ether modified with benzylamine at 280 ° C. in the presence of benzylamine, maintaining mechanical strength, and at the time of heating. A PPE composition in which coloring and viscosity increase are suppressed is obtained.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a resin composition using polyamine as a weld strength accelerator in a polyphenylene ether and polystyrene resin composition for the purpose of improving weld strength.
- the present situation is that it is not compatible to obtain a polyphenylene ether that does not cause gel generation, does not deteriorate the chemical resistance, and does not deteriorate the narrow molecular weight distribution of the polyphenylene ether.
- the amount of weld strength promoter and the weld strength are in a linear relationship, and in order to obtain sufficient weld strength, the polyamine content is polyphenylene as in the example. 5 mass% or more is required with respect to ether.
- chemical resistance is inferior. Therefore, it is impossible to achieve both chemical resistance and strength simply by mixing.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a polyphenylene ether resin composition having a narrow molecular weight distribution, excellent processing fluidity, further suppressing gel generation and excellent chemical resistance. It is to be.
- polyphenylene obtained by melt-mixing a polyphenylene ether (A) having a specific structural unit and a nitrogen compound (B) having a specific structure.
- An ether resin composition wherein the polyphenylene ether (A) contains at least one or more aromatic hydrocarbons having 7 to 8 carbon atoms in an amount of 0.1% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass with respect to the polyphenylene ether (A). % Or less, it was found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved with an extremely small content of nitrogen compound (B) compared with the prior art, and the present invention has been completed.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group, or a substituted group.
- An aryloxy group which may be substituted, an aralkyl group which may be substituted, and an aralkyloxy group which may be substituted And / or a structural unit represented by Following formula (2)
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group, or a substituted group.
- R 5 is a halogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted, Or an aryl group that may be substituted, an aryloxy group that may be substituted, an aralkyl group that may be substituted, or an aralkyloxy group that may be substituted)
- a polyphenylene ether (A) comprising the unit (b), A nitrogen compound (B) having at least one primary amino group, secondary amino group and / or tertiary amino group in one molecule;
- the structural unit (a) is a structural unit (a1) in which R 1 and R 2 are methyl groups
- the structural unit (b) is a structural unit in which R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are methyl groups
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ A of the polyphenylene ether (A) and the reduced viscosity ⁇ B of the polyphenylene ether resin composition satisfy the relational expression
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition according to [12] wherein the relational expression satisfies
- the polyphenylene ether (A) has the following formula (3)
- a phenol compound (d) represented by: An oxidative coupling of a mixed phenol compound comprising: a mixed solvent consisting of a good solvent of at least one polyphenylene ether and a poor solvent of at least one polyphenylene ether using an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst.
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition according to any one of the above [1] to [12], which is a polymer obtained by a precipitation method in the latter stage of polymerization.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a polyphenylene ether resin composition having a narrow molecular weight distribution, excellent processing fluidity, further suppressing the generation of gel and excellent chemical resistance. Since the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present invention is excellent in processing fluidity, it is possible to stabilize the raw material supply during melt-kneading with other resins. In addition, the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present invention does not change the polymer characteristics before and after melt kneading by heating, and maintains a narrow molecular weight distribution. It can be suitably used as a part, an automobile part, an electric / electronic part, particularly as a sheet or a film material.
- the present embodiment a mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “the present embodiment”) will be described in detail.
- this invention is not limited to the following embodiment, It can implement by changing variously within the range of the summary.
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present embodiment has the following formula (1)
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group, or a substituted group.
- An aryloxy group which may be substituted, an aralkyl group which may be substituted, and an aralkyloxy group which may be substituted And / or a structural unit represented by Following formula (2)
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group, or a substituted group.
- R 5 is a halogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted, Or an aryl group that may be substituted, an aryloxy group that may be substituted, an aralkyl group that may be substituted, or an aralkyloxy group that may be substituted)
- a polyphenylene ether (A) comprising the unit (b), A nitrogen compound (B) having at least one primary amino group, secondary amino group and / or tertiary amino group in one molecule;
- Examples of the halogen atom represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom, preferably a chlorine atom and a bromine atom.
- alkyl group of the optionally substituted alkyl group represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 is a straight chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Or a branched alkyl group, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, etc., preferably methyl, ethyl, Preferably it is methyl.
- alkoxy group of the optionally substituted alkoxy group represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 is a straight chain having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Alternatively, it represents a branched alkoxy group, and examples thereof include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, and the like, preferably methoxy and ethoxy.
- Examples of the “aryl group” of the optionally substituted aryl group represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 include phenyl, naphthyl and the like, preferably phenyl.
- Examples of the “aryloxy group” of the optionally substituted aryloxy group represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 include, for example, phenoxy, methylphenoxy, ethylphenoxy, propylphenoxy, butylphenoxy Phenylphenoxy, dimethylphenoxy, diethylphenoxy, dipropylphenoxy, dibutylphenoxy, diphenylphenoxy, trimethylphenoxy, triethylphenoxy, tripropylphenoxy, tributylphenoxy and the like.
- the alkyl part is the “alkyl group” defined above, and the aryl part Is an aralkyl group as defined above, for example, benzyl, phenethyl, phenylpropyl, 1-naphthylmethyl and the like, preferably benzyl.
- Examples of the “aralkyloxy group” of the optionally substituted aralkyloxy group represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 include phenylmethoxy, phenylethoxy, phenylpropyloxy, phenylbutyloxy Etc.
- the alkyl group, alkoxy group, aryl group, aryloxy group, aralkyl group, and aralkyloxy group represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4, and R 5 are each substituted at one or more positions. It may be substituted with a group.
- Examples of such a substituent include a halogen atom (eg, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom), an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (eg, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl), aryl groups (eg, phenyl, naphthyl), aralkyl groups (eg, benzyl, phenethyl), alkoxy groups (eg, methoxy, ethoxy) and the like.
- a halogen atom eg, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms eg, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-buty
- the polyphenylene ether (A) of the present embodiment is composed of the structural unit (a) represented by the above formula (1) and / or the structural unit (b) represented by the above formula (2).
- at least one kind of aromatic hydrocarbon having 7 to 8 carbon atoms (C) as a volatile component is 0.1% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less, preferably based on polyphenylene ether (A).
- solvent resistance chemical resistance
- molding can be achieved with the addition of a very small amount of nitrogen compound (B) compared to the prior art.
- the polyphenylene ether (A) contains at least two kinds of aromatic hydrocarbons (C)
- the effects of the present invention tend to be exhibited very well.
- the reason for this is not particularly bound by theory, but if two or more aromatic hydrocarbons with different molecular sizes are included, the movement of the polymer chain moves more complicatedly, It is presumed that the diffusion rate of the nitrogen compound (B) dispersed in the polyphenylene ether becomes higher.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon (C) in the polyphenylene ether is less than 0.1% by mass
- the aromatic hydrocarbon is added in a range not exceeding 1.5% by mass with respect to the polyphenylene ether. It is also possible to adjust the content. In this case, it is preferable that the aromatic hydrocarbon and the polyphenylene ether are uniformly mixed. Therefore, after the aromatic hydrocarbon is added, it can be mixed more uniformly using a blender such as a blender or a Henschel mixer. it can.
- each structural unit in the polyphenylene ether (A) is not particularly limited, but preferably, the structural unit (a) is 100 to 47% and the structural unit (b) is 0 to 53 based on the whole polyphenylene ether (A). %, More preferably 96 to 60% of the structural unit (a) and 4 to 40% of the structural unit (b), and still more preferably 87 to 72% of the structural unit (a). Is 13 to 28%. It is preferable for each structural unit to be in the above-mentioned range since the glass transition temperature Tg tends to be high and the heat resistance tends to be excellent with respect to polyphenylene ether when heated.
- the structural unit (a) is a structural unit (a1) in which R 1 and R 2 are methyl groups
- the structural unit (b) is a structural unit in which R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are methyl groups ( b1) is preferable because it tends to be more excellent in processing fluidity of the polyphenylene ether resin composition.
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present embodiment comprises the above-described polyphenylene ether (A) and a nitrogen compound having at least one primary amino group, secondary amino group and / or tertiary amino group in one molecule ( B) can be obtained by, for example, melt-kneading using an apparatus having a melt-kneading zone such as an extruder, a kneader, a lab plast mill, and a film molding machine.
- Nitrogen compounds (B) having at least one primary amino group, secondary amino group and / or tertiary amino group in one molecule include amines, diamines, polyamines, amides, aminosilanes, amino Examples thereof include silicic acids, aminosilicones, imines, imidazoles, imides, urethanes, enamines, dicyandiamidines, triazenes, triazoles, piperazines, ureas, uric acids and the like. Among these, those classified into amines, diamines, polyamines, aminosilicic acids, imines, and imides are preferable.
- the nitrogen compound (B) preferably has 2 or more, preferably 3 or more primary amino groups, secondary amino groups and / or tertiary amino groups in one molecule such as diamines and polyamines. More preferred are those having two or more primary and / or secondary amino groups, and particularly preferred are those having three or more primary and / or secondary amino groups. Resin compositions containing these nitrogen compounds tend to have a narrow molecular weight distribution, suppress coloring during heating, and improve chemical resistance.
- each primary amino group of primary amino group, secondary amino group, and tertiary amino group is contained in an amount of 0.1 mol% or more, more preferably 5 mol% or more, and more preferably 10 mol% or more. More preferably, 15 mol% or more is particularly preferable.
- the primary amino group, secondary amino group, and tertiary amino group are each contained in an amount of 0.1 mol% or more, the molecular weight distribution tends to be narrower.
- nitrogen compound (B) in addition to amines, diamines, polyamines, imines, aminosilanes, aminosilicones, etc., for example, those obtained by introducing an amino group into a part of cage silsesquioxane It can be used suitably.
- the amine equivalent of the nitrogen compound (B) is preferably 150 or less, more preferably 100 or less, still more preferably 80 or less, and particularly preferably 55 or less.
- the amine equivalent of the nitrogen compound (B) is 150 or less, the molecular weight distribution tends to be narrower.
- the amine equivalent is equivalent per amino group, and is a value obtained by dividing the molecular weight by the number of amino groups.
- the molecular weight of the polyamine is preferably 200 or more, more preferably 300 or more, still more preferably 500 or more, and particularly preferably 1000 or more.
- the handleability during work tends to be good.
- the upper limit of the molecular weight is not particularly limited, but if it exceeds 80000, the viscosity becomes too high and the handleability may be difficult, so it is preferable to select a polyamine having a molecular weight of 80000 or less.
- the nitrogen compound (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- content of a nitrogen compound (B) is not specifically limited, Preferably it is 0.1 to 5 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of polyphenylene ether (A).
- content of the nitrogen compound (B) is less than 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyphenylene ether (A)
- it tends to be difficult to obtain a polyphenylene ether resin composition having a narrow molecular weight distribution.
- it exceeds the mass part the solvent resistance tends to decrease.
- the content of the nitrogen compound (B) is more preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more and 3 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more and 1.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyphenylene ether (A).
- it is particularly preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more and 1.0 part by mass or less.
- the maximum value of the differential molecular weight dW / d (LogM) (P) is preferably 1.0 or more.
- the maximum value of the differential molecular weight dW / d (LogM) (Q) of the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably 1.0 or more.
- the differential molecular weight dW / d refers to a value measured by gel permeation chromatography using standard polystyrene as a calibration curve.
- the maximum value of dW / d (LogM) (P) and the maximum value of differential molecular weight dW / d (LogM) (Q) tend to be superior in terms of physical properties and processing fluidity in the range of 4 ⁇ LogM ⁇ 6. Therefore, it is preferable. More preferably, the range is 4 ⁇ LogM ⁇ 5.5, and still more preferably the range is 4.3 ⁇ LogM ⁇ 5.5.
- components other than polyphenylene ether are included in the measurement of differential molecular weight, for example, a method of dissolving a polyphenylene ether component and isolating it using a solvent that does not dissolve components other than polyphenylene ether, dissolving a polyphenylene ether component
- a method of dissolving a polyphenylene ether component and isolating it using a solvent that does not dissolve components other than polyphenylene ether dissolving a polyphenylene ether component
- those skilled in the art can easily determine that it is preferable to remove components other than polyphenylene ether as much as possible by a method of isolating an undissolved polyphenylene ether component using a solvent that dissolves components other than polyphenylene ether. can do.
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ A of the polyphenyl ether (A) of the present embodiment is preferably 0.3 (dL / g) or more, more preferably 0.35 (dL / g) or more, and further preferably 0.4 (dL). / G) or more.
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ A of the polyphenylene ether (A) is 0.3 (dL / g) or more, the mechanical properties of the molded product tend to be excellent.
- the upper limit of the reduced viscosity is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than 1.5 (dL / g), for example, because the molding fluidity in extrusion molding or the like may decrease and the processability may be decreased. Is 1.3 (dL / g) or less, more preferably 1.1 (dL / g) or less.
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ B of the polyphenyl ether resin composition of the present embodiment is preferably 0.3 (dL / g) or more, more preferably 0.35 (dL / g) or more, and further preferably 0.4. (DL / g) or more.
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ B is 0.3 (dL / g) or more, the mechanical properties of the molded product tend to be excellent.
- the upper limit of the reduced viscosity is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than 1.5 (dL / g), for example, because the molding fluidity in extrusion molding or the like may decrease and the processability may be decreased. Is 1.3 (dL / g) or less, more preferably 1.1 (dL / g) or less.
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ A means the reduced viscosity of a 0.5 g / dL chloroform solution of polyphenylene ether (A) at 30 ° C.
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ B is the reduced viscosity of a 0.5 g / dL chloroform solution of the polyphenylene ether resin composition after melt-kneading the nitrogen compound (B) and the polyphenyl ether (A). Means.
- the value measured after removing insoluble matter using a 11G Buchner funnel type glass filter etc. is shown.
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ A of the polyphenylene ether (A) and the reduced viscosity ⁇ B of the polyphenylene ether resin composition preferably satisfy the relational expression
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition maintains a narrow molecular weight distribution and is obtained by heat molding. Tend to have excellent mechanical properties.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyphenylene ether (A) is Mw (S) and the weight average molecular weight of the polyphenylene ether resin composition is Mw (R)
- This value is called the weight average molecular weight increase value.
- the weight average molecular weight increase value is 10,000 or less, the polyphenylene ether resin composition tends to have excellent moldability.
- the weight average molecular weight increase value is preferably 10,000 or less, more preferably 8000 or less, still more preferably 5000 or less, and particularly preferably 3000 or less.
- the value of SSP which is an index of molding fluidity of the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present embodiment, is preferably 1 to 10 (MPa), more preferably 1 to 8 (MPa).
- MPa weight average polystyrene
- MPa weight average polystyrene
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present embodiment can easily have an average particle diameter of 1 mm or more, and can also be a polyphenylene ether resin granulated body containing almost no particles having an average particle diameter of 1 mm or less. is there.
- fine particles having a particle size of 106 ⁇ m or less are generated in the production process of polyphenylene ether, and the obtained polyphenylene ether resin is a powder having an average particle size of about 1 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m. The majority.
- the average particle size there is a demand for polyphenylene ether particles having an average particle diameter of 1 mm or more, which hardly contain particles of 1 mm or less. Therefore, it is preferable to use the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present embodiment as a granulated body having an average particle size of 1 mm or more, more preferably a granulated body of 2 mm or more, further preferably a granulated body of 3 mm or more, particularly preferably Is used as a granulated body of 4 mm or more.
- a mixed phenol compound consisting of the phenol compound (d) represented by the formula (d) is used in the presence of a catalyst using a mixed solvent consisting of a good solvent of at least one polyphenylene ether and a poor solvent of at least one polyphenylene ether. It is preferable to use a method of oxidative coupling using the contained gas and precipitating the polymer in the late stage of polymerization, since it prevents the liquid viscosity from increasing in the late stage of polymerization and facilitates uniform stirring.
- Examples of the phenol compound (c) include o-cresol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2-ethylphenol, 2-methyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-diethylphenol, 2-n-propylphenol, and 2-ethyl.
- the above phenol compound (c) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples include a method using a combination of 2,6-dimethylphenol and 2,6-diethylphenol, a method using a combination of 2,6-dimethylphenol and 2,6-diphenylphenol, and the mixing ratio at that time. Can be chosen arbitrarily. Also, the phenolic compounds used contain a small amount of m-cresol, p-cresol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, etc., which are contained as by-products during production. It doesn't matter.
- phenol compound (d) examples include 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,3,6-trimethylphenol, 2,5-diethylphenol, 2-methyl-5-ethylphenol, 2-ethyl-5-methylphenol, 2 -Allyl-5-methylphenol, 2,5-diallylphenol, 2,3-diethyl-6-n-propylphenol, 2-methyl-5-chlorophenol, 2-methyl-5-bromophenol, 2-methyl- 5-isopropylphenol, 2-methyl-5-n-propylphenol, 2-ethyl-5-bromophenol, 2-methyl-5-n-butylphenol, 2,5-di-n-propylphenol, 2-ethyl- 5-chlorophenol, 2-methyl-5-phenylphenol, 2,5-diphenylphenol, 2,5-biphenyl -(4-fluorophenyl) phenol, 2-methyl-5-tolylphenol, 2,5-ditolylphenol, 2,6-dimethyl-3-allylphenol, 2,3,6-tri
- the above phenol compound (d) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a method of using a combination of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol and 2,5-dimethylphenol can be mentioned, and the mixing ratio can be arbitrarily selected.
- the phenol compound (d) used contains a small amount of o-cresol, p-cresol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, etc., which are contained as by-products during production. It does not matter.
- the ratio of the phenolic compound (c) to the phenolic compound (d) is not particularly limited.
- the phenolic compound (c) is 100% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the whole monomer mixture, and the phenolic compound (d). Is 0% by mass to 50% by mass, more preferably 95% by mass to 60% by mass of the phenol compound (c), 5% by mass to 40% by mass of the phenol compound (d), and still more preferably 85% by mass of the phenol compound (c). Is 70% by mass, and the phenol compound (d) is 15-30% by mass. If the ratio of each phenol compound is within the above range, the glass transition temperature Tg tends to be high, so that the heat resistance tends to be excellent, which is also preferable from the viewpoint of improving the mechanical properties.
- the good solvent is a solvent that can dissolve poly (2,6-dimethylphenylene) ether obtained by a conventional method.
- solvents include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene (including o-, m-, and p-isomers), ethylbenzene, and styrene; chloroform, methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane.
- Halogenated hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene; nitration such as nitrobenzene and BR> ⁇ i.
- those classified as other good solvents include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane and cycloheptane; esters such as ethyl acetate and ethyl formate; tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether Ethers; dimethyl sulfoxide and the like are exemplified.
- These good solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- preferred good solvents are aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and styrene, and halogenated hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene.
- the poor solvent is a solvent that does not dissolve or slightly dissolves the poly (2,6-dimethylphenylene) ether obtained by the conventional method,
- ketones and alcohols preferably alcohols having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- examples of such a poor solvent include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol, ethylene glycol, and the like, and the poor solvent may further contain water.
- These poor solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Particularly preferred poor solvents are methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol.
- solvent used examples include aromatic hydrocarbons alone such as toluene and xylene, mixed solvents containing alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, and the like.
- the reaction is performed by changing the ratio of the good solvent and the poor solvent to the polyphenylene ether (A), which is a polymer obtained by oxidative polymerization of the phenol compound, and increasing the ratio of the poor solvent.
- A polyphenylene ether
- a precipitation polymerization method in which the polymer is precipitated as particles in the reaction solvent.
- the ratio of good solvent: poor solvent is preferably 95: 5 to 35:65 by mass ratio, more preferably 90:10 to 45:65, and 85:15 to 50:50. Is more preferable.
- the ratio of each solvent is within the above range, the scale of precipitated particles to the reactor is extremely small, and stable particles are generated.
- the proportion of the good solvent is less than the above range, the polymerization time may be remarkably prolonged to obtain the desired molecular weight, or external heating may be required during the polymerization. In some cases, polyphenylene ether cannot be obtained. If the proportion of the good solvent exceeds the above range, the polymer may not be precipitated as particles in the reaction solvent.
- the polymerization degree of the polyphenylene ether increases as the polymerization proceeds, and the resulting polyphenylene ether cannot be completely dissolved in the polymerization solvent composed of the good solvent and the poor solvent.
- polyphenylene ether starts to precipitate and the polymerization solution exhibits a slurry state.
- a slurry state is exhibited with a polymerization rate of 55% or more and 99% or less with respect to the total amount of the phenolic compound. It is preferable.
- polyphenylene ether having a narrow molecular weight distribution tends to be obtained.
- the viscosity in the polymerization tank increases, making production difficult, or reducing the amount of phenolic compound used for polymerization to avoid an increase in viscosity. In some cases, it may not be an efficient production method.
- the molecular weight distribution is preferably exhibited, more preferably when the polymerization is continued for 10 minutes or more, and more preferably when the polymerization is continued for 30 minutes or more.
- the polymerization temperature in the method for producing the polyphenylene ether (A) of the present embodiment is preferably 0 ° C. to 50 ° C., more preferably 10 ° C. to 40 ° C., and still more preferably 20 ° C. as the polymerization temperature before precipitation. ⁇ 40 ° C. If the temperature before precipitation is too low, the polymerization reaction may not proceed easily.
- the polymerization temperature after precipitation is preferably 0 ° C. to 100 ° C., more preferably 10 ° C. to 80 ° C., still more preferably 15 ° C. to 70 ° C., and particularly preferably 20 ° C. to 60 ° C. If the temperature after precipitation is too high, volatilization of the solvent used for the polymerization becomes violent, which may increase the load on the cooling reflux facility.
- a generally known catalyst system is known to be composed of a transition metal ion having redox ability and an amine compound capable of complexing with this metal ion.
- a catalyst system comprising a copper compound and an amine
- a catalyst system comprising a manganese compound and an amine
- a catalyst system comprising a cobalt compound and an amine, and the like. Since the polymerization reaction proceeds efficiently under some alkaline conditions, some alkali or further amine may be added thereto.
- the catalyst suitably used for producing the polyphenylene ether (A) is a catalyst containing a copper compound, a halogen compound and a diamine compound represented by the following formula (5) as constituent components of the catalyst.
- R 6 , R 7 , R 9 and R 10 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (provided that all of them are simultaneously hydrogenated)
- R 8 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
- a cuprous compound, a cupric compound or a mixture thereof can be used as a suitable copper compound.
- the cuprous compound include cuprous chloride, cuprous bromide, cuprous sulfate, cuprous nitrate, and the like.
- cupric chloride, cupric bromide, cupric sulfate, cupric nitrate, etc. can be illustrated, for example.
- particularly preferred metal compounds are cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, cuprous bromide, and cupric bromide.
- a method often used is a method in which cuprous oxide exemplified above and hydrogen halide (or a solution of hydrogen halide) are mixed to prepare.
- halogen compound examples include hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen iodide, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium iodide, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, tetramethylammonium chloride, and tetramethylammonium bromide.
- halogen compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Preferred halogen compounds are an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride and an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide.
- the usage-amount of these compounds is not specifically limited, As a halogen atom with respect to the molar amount of a copper atom, 2 times or more and 20 times or less are preferable, As a preferable usage-amount of a copper atom with respect to 100 mol of the phenolic compound used. Is in the range of 0.02 mol to 0.6 mol.
- diamine compounds as catalyst components examples include N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, N, N, N′-trimethylethylenediamine, N, N′-dimethylethylenediamine, N, N-dimethylethylenediamine, and N-methylethylenediamine.
- preferred diamine compounds are those in which the alkylene group (R 8 ) connecting two nitrogen atoms has 2 or 3 carbon atoms.
- the usage-amount of these diamine compounds is not specifically limited, It is used in 0.01 mol or more and 10 mol or less with respect to 100 mol of phenol compounds used normally.
- the tertiary monoamine compound is an aliphatic tertiary amine including an alicyclic tertiary amine, such as trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, triisobutylamine, dimethylethylamine, dimethylpropylamine, allyldiethylamine. Dimethyl-n-butylamine, diethylisopropylamine, N-methylcyclohexylamine and the like.
- Secondary monoamine compounds include secondary aliphatic amines such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, di-i-propylamine, di-n-butylamine, di-i-butylamine, di- -T-butylamine, dipentylamines, dihexylamines, dioctylamines, didecylamines, dibenzylamines, methylethylamine, methylpropylamine, methylbutylamine, cyclohexylamine and the like.
- Examples of secondary monoamine compounds containing aromatics include N-phenylmethanolamine, N-phenylethanolamine, N-phenylpropanolamine, N- (m-methylphenyl) ethanolamine, N- (p-methylphenyl) Ethanolamine, N- (2 ′, 6′-dimethylphenyl) ethanolamine, N- (p-chlorophenyl) ethanolamine, N-ethylaniline, N-butylaniline, N-methyl-2-methylaniline, N-methyl -2,6-dimethylaniline, diphenylamine, and the like, but are not limited to these examples.
- These secondary monoamine compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Although the usage-amount is not specifically limited, The range of 15 mol or less is preferable with respect to 100 mol of phenol compounds used normally.
- pure oxygen, oxygen and an inert gas such as nitrogen are mixed at an arbitrary ratio, air, and further, air and nitrogen, noble gas What mixed the inert gas, such as these in arbitrary ratios, etc. can be used.
- the system pressure during the polymerization reaction is normal pressure, but it can be used under reduced pressure or increased pressure as necessary.
- the supply rate of the oxygen-containing gas can be arbitrarily selected in consideration of heat removal, polymerization rate, etc., but it is preferably 5 NmL / min or more, and more preferably 10 NmL / min or more, as pure oxygen per mole of phenol compound used for polymerization. .
- the polymerization method used for the polymerization is not particularly limited, but when producing various types of polyphenylene ethers, polyphenylene ethers having various glass transition temperatures are used.
- a batch system that is easy to make is preferable, and a continuous system is preferable for continuous and stable production.
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present embodiment can be melt-kneaded with conventionally known thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins.
- thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile / styrene resin, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene resin, methacrylic resin, vinyl chloride, polyamide, polyacetal, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, poly Butylene terephthalate, polymethylpentene, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretheretherketone, liquid crystal polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyetherimide, polyarylate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyamideimide, phenol, urea, melamine, Resins such as saturated polyester, alkyd, epoxy, and diallyl phthalate are listed.
- conventionally known additives and thermoplastic elastomers may be
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present embodiment includes other additives such as plasticizers, stabilizers, modifiers, ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants, colorants, mold release agents, glass fibers, and carbon fibers.
- a fibrous reinforcing agent such as glass beads, calcium carbonate, talc, and clay can be added.
- Stabilizers and modifiers include phosphites, hindered phenols, sulfur-containing antioxidants, alkanolamines, acid amides, dithiocarbamic acid metal salts, inorganic sulfides, metal oxides, carboxylic anhydrides Examples thereof include dienophile compounds such as styrene and stearyl acrylate, and epoxy group-containing compounds, but are not limited to these examples. These additives can be used alone or in combination.
- the solvent was chloroform, the solvent flow rate was 1.0 mL / min, and the column temperature was 40 ° C.
- a 1 g / L chloroform solution of polyphenylene ether was prepared and measured.
- the UV wavelength of the detector was 254 nm for standard polystyrene and 283 nm for polyphenylene ether.
- the differential molecular weight of the polyphenylene ether (A) is dW / d (LogM) (P)
- the differential molecular weight of the polyphenylene ether resin composition after melt-kneading by adding the nitrogen compound (B) is dW / d (LogM) (Q ).
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyphenylene ether (A) was Mw (S), and the weight average molecular weight of the polyphenylene ether resin composition was Mw (R).
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition was used as a 0.5 g / dL chloroform solution, and the occurrence of gel was visually confirmed.
- an insoluble component such as a gel was not observed, it was evaluated as ⁇ , when it was observed in a large amount, it was evaluated as ⁇ , and when it was observed in a small amount, it was evaluated as ⁇ .
- the glass transition temperature of polyphenylene ether (A) was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter DSC (manufactured by PerkinElmer—Pyris 1). In a nitrogen atmosphere, the sample was heated from room temperature to 280 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C. per minute and then decreased to 50 ° C. at 40 ° C. per minute. Thereafter, the glass transition temperature was measured at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C. per minute.
- SSP Molding fluidity
- SSP Short shot pressure
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition dried after the granulation treatment was applied to a micro-type electromagnetic vibration sieve (manufactured by Tsutsui Rikenkiki) at 1700 ⁇ m, 1000 ⁇ m, 710 ⁇ m, 500 ⁇ m, 355 ⁇ m, 250 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 106 ⁇ m
- a 46 ⁇ m mesh was installed and sieved for 30 minutes, and the mass that passed through the 1000 ⁇ m mesh was measured and calculated as a percentage of the total.
- Aromatic hydrocarbons (volatile components) contained in polyphenylene ether resin are quantified by gas chromatography equipped with a capillary column: product name HR-1 (manufactured by Shinwa Kako).
- Graphography product name GC-2010 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), detector: FID, and an internal standard calibration curve method using mesitylene as an internal standard substance.
- the tensile strength retention rate% when the tensile strength before immersion in the solvent was taken as 100% was determined. The higher the tensile strength retention, the better the solvent resistance.
- the liquid composition having the above liquid composition was additionally added each time.
- the polymerization solution was supplied from the first raw material tank to the vigorously stirred first polymerization tank at a flow rate of 17.34 g / min.
- oxygen was sparged into the first polymerization tank at a rate of 449.8 mL / min. More introduced.
- oxygen was introduced from the sparger at a rate of 179.9 mL / min.
- the polymerization temperature was adjusted by passing a heating medium through the jacket so as to maintain 40 ° C.
- the polymerization form of the first polymerization tank was solution polymerization, and the polymerization form of the second polymerization tank was precipitation polymerization. Thereafter, the polymerization was continued for another 50 hours and completed. A 10% aqueous solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tripotassium salt (a reagent manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories) was added to the resulting polymerization mixture, and the mixture was warmed to 50 ° C.
- hydroquinone (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added little by little, and the temperature was kept at 50 ° C. until the slurry polyphenylene ether became white.
- the slurry-like polyphenylene ether that became white was filtered, and the remaining polyphenylene ether was sprinkled with methanol, washed and dried, and about 10.0 kg of polyphenylene ether was secured as a sample.
- the reduced viscosity ⁇ A of the obtained polyphenylene ether was 0.530, and the glass transition temperature Tg was as high as 235 ° C. Insoluble matter in chloroform was not confirmed.
- the residual volatile content was 1.0% by mass, of which about 0.3% by mass was ethylbenzene, and about 0.7% by mass was a mixture of o-xylene, p-xylene and m-xylene. Moreover, the scale to a reactor etc. was not confirmed.
- This polyphenylene ether was designated as (PPE-1). The amount of residual copper was less than 2 ppm. Other results are shown in the table.
- oxygen gas was introduced into the polymerization tank from a sparger at a rate of 10 NL / min into the vigorously stirred polymerization tank, and polymerization was started. Aeration was performed for 320 minutes, and the temperature was gradually raised and controlled so that the internal temperature at the end of the polymerization was 40 ° C. The polymerization solution at the end of the polymerization was in a solution state. Aeration of the oxygen-containing gas was stopped, and 10 kg of a 2.5% aqueous solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt (a reagent manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories) was added to the polymerization mixture and stirred until it reached 70 ° C.
- ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt a reagent manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories
- Example 1 10 kg of (PPE-1) and 50.3 g of di-n-butylamine as nitrogen compound (B) were uniformly mixed with a Henschel mixer, and ZSK25 twin screw extruder (manufactured by Werner & Pfleiderer, Germany, barrel number 10, screw diameter 25 mm, kneading disc L: 1 kneading disc R: 1 kneading disc N: screw pattern having 2 kneading discs), kneading and discharging at a barrel set temperature of 310 ° C. and a screw speed of 200 rpm Strands were produced at an amount of 10 kg / hour. The melt-kneaded strand was immersed in a water bath and granulated with a strand cutter. The granulated product was transparent. The obtained results are shown in Table 1.
- Examples 2 to 38 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed using the types of polyphenylene ether and the addition amounts and types of the nitrogen compound (B) as shown in Tables 1 to 3. The results are shown in Tables 1-3.
- Example 1 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that (PPE-1) was used as polyphenylene ether and the nitrogen compound (B) was not added. Table 4 shows the obtained results.
- the polyphenylene ether resin compositions shown in Examples 1 to 38 maintain the narrow molecular weight distribution by adding a small amount of the nitrogen compound (B), and have good resistance to resistance. Both chemical properties and processing fluidity were achieved. Furthermore, the generation of gel was not confirmed. Furthermore, the granulates of these resin compositions had an average particle size of 1 mm or more, no generation of fine powder, and excellent handleability in which dust does not fly. In contrast, since the polyphenylene ether resin compositions produced in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 did not contain the nitrogen compound (B), the molecular weight distribution was wide and the generation of gel was also confirmed. Furthermore, both the processing fluidity and chemical resistance were inferior to those of the examples.
- the polyphenylene ether resin compositions produced in Reference Examples 1 to 12 were excellent in processing fluidity but inferior in chemical resistance. That is, when the nitrogen compound (B) is added more than necessary, it tends to be difficult to achieve both processing fluidity and chemical resistance.
- the polyphenylene ether resin compositions produced in Comparative Examples 5 to 7 since the polyphenylene ether (A) does not contain a sufficient amount of aromatic hydrocarbons, the diffusion of the nitrogen compound (B) into the resin is insufficient. It is estimated that As a result, the molecular weight distribution was widened, the generation of gel was confirmed, and further, sufficient improvement was not confirmed with respect to processing fluidity and chemical resistance.
- the polyphenylene ether resin composition of the present invention is excellent in molding fluidity and suppresses gel generation. Further, since it has a narrow molecular weight distribution, it has excellent physical properties, and by utilizing its characteristics, it has industrial applicability in the fields of various machine parts, automobile parts, electrical and electronic parts, particularly sheets and film materials.
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Abstract
Description
通常、ポリフェニレンエーテルは、加熱加工時に還元粘度が上昇する現象が見られる(特許文献1及び2参照)。そのため、ポリフェニレンエーテルの重合段階での分子設計目標と、加熱加工後の分子設計目標が異なるため、操作が煩雑となることが少なくない。従って、加熱前後において還元粘度が変化することなく、更に物性を維持するために、狭い分子量分布を維持したポリフェニレンエーテルが求められるようになってきている。
また、一般的に、加工流動性が求められる場合、分子量分布が広いほうが良いとされるが、物性面では分子量分布が狭いことが望ましい。従って、加工流動性と物性面を両立した、つまり分子量分布が狭く、加工流動性にも優れたポリフェニレンエーテルが要求されているものの、十分な検討には至っていないのが現状である。
また、特許文献3には、ベンジルアミンで変性されたポリフェニレンエーテルを、ベンジルアミン存在下で280℃でプレス成型したPPE組成物が開示されており、機械的強度が保持され、かつ、加熱時の着色や粘度増加が抑制されたPPE組成物が得られている。
更に、特許文献4には、ウェルド強度向上を目的に、ポリフェニレンエーテル及びポリスチレン系樹脂組成物に、ウェルド強度促進剤としてポリアミンを用いた樹脂組成物が開示されている。
また、特許文献4の実施例をみると、ウェルド強度促進剤量とウェルド強度がリニアな関係にあり、十分なウェルド強度を得るには、実施例にもあるように、ポリアミンの含有量がポリフェニレンエーテルに対し5質量%以上必要となる。この場合、後述の参考例にも記載するが、ポリアミンを多量に添加すると耐薬品性が劣るため、単に混合するのみでは耐薬品性と強度を両立することが不可能となる。
[1]
下記式(1)
で表される構造単位(a)、及び/又は、
下記式(2)
1分子中に1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基及び/又は3級アミノ基を少なくとも1個以上有する窒素化合物(B)と、
を溶融混合してなるポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物であって、
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)は、少なくとも1種以上の炭素数7~8の芳香族炭化水素(C)を0.1質量%以上1.5質量%以下含む、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[2]
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)は、前記芳香族炭化水素(C)を0.1質量%以上1.0質量%以下含む、上記[1]記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[3]
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)は、前記芳香族炭化水素(C)を少なくとも2種以上含む、上記[1]又は[2]記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[4]
前記構造単位(a)は、R1及びR2がメチル基である構造単位(a1)であり、前記構造単位(b)は、R3、R4及びR5がメチル基である構造単位(b1)である、上記[1]~[3]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[5]
前記窒素化合物(B)は、1分子中に1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基及び/又は3級アミノ基を少なくとも3個以上有する化合物である、上記[1]~[4]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[6]
前記窒素化合物(B)のアミン当量が150以下である、上記[1]~[5]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[7]
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)100質量部に対し、前記窒素化合物(B)を0.1質量部以上5質量部未満含む、上記[1]~[6]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[8]
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の微分分子量dW/d(LogM)(P)の最大値が1.0以上である、上記[1]~[7]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[9]
微分分子量dW/d(LogM)(Q)の最大値が1.0以上である、上記[1]~[8]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[10]
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の還元粘度ηAが0.3dL/g以上である、上記[1]~[9]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[11]
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の還元粘度ηAと、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物の還元粘度ηBが、関係式|(ηB-ηA)/ηA|≦0.1を満たす、上記[1]~[10]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[12]
前記関係式が|(ηB-ηA)/ηA|≦0.08を満たす、上記[11]記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[13]
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)は、下記式(3)
で表されるフェノール化合物(c)、及び/又は、下記式(4)
で表されるフェノール化合物(d)、
からなる混合フェノール化合物を、少なくとも1種以上のポリフェニレンエーテルの良溶媒及び少なくとも1種以上のポリフェニレンエーテルの貧溶媒からなる混合溶媒を用い、触媒の存在下、酸素含有ガスを用いて酸化カップリングし、重合後期において沈殿析出させる方法により得られる重合体である、上記[1]~[12]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[14]
前記触媒は、銅化合物及び/又はハロゲン化合物を含む触媒である、上記[13]記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[15]
残存する触媒量が2ppm以下である、上記[13]又は[14]記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
[16]
前記フェノール化合物(c)が2,6-ジメチルフェノールであり、前記フェノール化合物(d)が2,3,6-トリメチルフェノールである、上記[13]~[15]のいずれか記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
本発明のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物は、加工流動性に優れるため、他の樹脂との溶融混練時の原料供給を安定させることが可能である。
また、本発明のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物は、加熱による溶融混練前後で高分子特性が変化せず、狭い分子量分布を維持するため、加熱成型して得られる成型体の機械的特性に優れ、機械部品、自動車部品、電気電子部品、特にシートやフィルム材として好適に利用することが可能である。
で表される構造単位(a)、及び/又は、
下記式(2)
1分子中に1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基及び/又は3級アミノ基を少なくとも1個以上有する窒素化合物(B)と、
を溶融混合してなるポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物であって、
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)は、少なくとも1種以上の炭素数7~8の芳香族炭化水素(C)を0.1質量%以上1.5質量%以下含む、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物である。
R1、R2、R3、R4及びR5で示されるハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等が挙げられ、好ましくは、塩素原子、臭素原子である。
下記式(3)
で表されるフェノール化合物(c)、及び/又は、
下記式(4)
で表されるフェノール化合物(d)からなる混合フェノール化合物を、少なくとも1種以上のポリフェニレンエーテルの良溶媒及び少なくとも1種以上のポリフェニレンエーテルの貧溶媒からなる混合溶媒を用い、触媒の存在下、酸素含有ガスを用いて酸化カップリングし、重合後期において重合体を沈殿析出させる方法を用いるのが、重合後期において重合液の液粘度の上昇を防ぎ、均一撹拌することが容易となるため好ましい。
[測定方法及び使用原料]
本明細書中の物性、特性等の測定方法及び使用した原料は以下の通りである。
(1)微分分子量dW/d(LogM)の測定及び重量平均分子量の測定
昭和電工(株)製ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーSystem21で標準ポリスチレンを用いて検量線を作成し測定した。標準ポリスチレンの分子量は、3650000、2170000、1090000、681000、204000、52000、30200、13800、3360、1300、550のものを用いた。カラムは昭和電工(株)製K-805Lを2本直列につないで使用した。また、溶媒はクロロホルム、溶媒の流量は1.0mL/min、カラムの温度は40℃で測定した。ポリフェニレンエーテルの1g/Lクロロホルム溶液を作製して測定した。検出部のUVの波長は、標準ポリスチレンの場合は254mn、ポリフェニレンエーテルの場合は283nmとした。ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の微分分子量をdW/d(LogM)(P)とし、窒素化合物(B)を加えて溶融混練した後のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物の微分分子量をdW/d(LogM)(Q)とした。また、ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の重量平均分子量をMw(S)とし、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物の重量平均分子量をMw(R)とした。
ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)又はポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物を0.5g/dLのクロロホルム溶液として、ウベローデ粘度管を用いて30℃における還元粘度(ηsp/c)を求めた。単位はdL/gである。ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の還元粘度をηA、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物の還元粘度をηBとし、関係式|(ηB-ηA)/ηA|を算出した。
ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物を0.5g/dLのクロロホルム溶液として、ゲルの発生を目視にて確認した。ゲルのような不溶成分が観察されない場合は○、多量に観察された場合は×とし、少量観察された場合は△と評価した。
各々の例においてポリフェニレンエーテル(A)のガラス転移温度は示差走査熱量計DSC(PerkinElmer製-Pyris1)を用いて測定した。窒素雰囲気中、毎分20℃の昇温速度で室温から280℃まで加熱後50℃まで毎分40℃で降温し、その後、毎分20℃の昇温速度でガラス転移温度を測定した。
原子吸光光度計(島津製作所製AA6650)を用い、ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)中の金属濃度を測定した。
(1)の測定により得られたポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の重量平均分子量Mw(S)及びポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物の重量平均分子量Mw(R)を用い、下記式により分子量増大値を算出した。
(分子量増大値)=(Mw(R)-Mw(S))
ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物を用い、東芝機械社製の射出成型機IS―80EPN(成型温度330℃、金型温度100℃)を用いて、厚み0.32cmのダンベル成型片のショートショットプレッシャー(SSP)をゲージ圧で測定した。
造粒処理後に乾燥させたポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物を、ミクロ形電磁振動ふるい器(筒井理化学器機製)に1700μm、1000μm、710μm、500μm、355μm、250μm、150μm、106μm、46μmのメッシュを据え付けて30分間篩い分けを行い、1000μmメッシュを通過した質量を測定し、全体に対する割合として算出した。
微粉の割合が0.1質量%未満の場合、代表的な粒子50個を選択し、ノギスにて測定方向をランダムに粒子径を測定し、平均粒径とした。
ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂中に含まれる芳香族炭化水素(揮発成分)の定量は、キャピラリーカラム:製品名HR-1(信和化工社製)を取付けたガスクロマトグラフィー:製品名GC-2010(島津製作所製)、検出器:FIDを用い、メシチレンを内部標準物質とした内部標準検量線法により行った。
各実施例で得られたポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物45質量部を、独国Werner&Pfleiderer社製、バレル数10、スクリュー径25mmのZSK25二軸押出機(ニーディングディスクL:2個、ニーディングディスクR:6個、ニーディングディスクN:2個を有するスクリューパターン)の最上流部(トップフィード)から供給し、途中のバレル6からハイインパクトポリスチレン45質量部、ゼネラルパーパスポリスチレン10質量部をサイドフィードして、シリンダー温度300℃、スクリュー回転数250rpmで溶融混練して樹脂組成物を得た。その後、東芝機械社製の射出成型機IS-80C(成型温度290℃、金型温度80℃)を用いて成型した、厚み0.32cmのダンベル成型片6本を、各々、シクロヘキサン/イソプロピルアルコール=35/65質量%混合溶剤中に、ベンディングフォームで1%歪をかけた状態で30分間浸漬した後、更に23℃で24時間放置して、その後引張試験を行なって6本の平均値を求めて、溶剤浸漬前の引張強度を100%とした場合の引張強度保持率%を求めた。引張強度保持率が高い程、耐溶剤性に優れると判断した。
重合槽底部に酸素含有ガス導入の為のスパージャー、撹拌タービン翼及びバッフル、重合槽上部のベントガスラインに還流冷却器、重合槽側面に第二重合槽へのオーバーフローラインを備えた1.6Lのジャケット付き第一重合槽に500mL/分の流量で窒素ガスを吹き込みながら、0.295gの塩化第二銅2水和物、1.298gの35%塩酸、3.266gのジ-n-ブチルアミン、11.257gのN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルプロパンジアミン、715.2gのキシレン、110.0gのn-ブタノール、275.1gのメタノールを入れた。同様に、反応器底部に酸素含有ガス導入の為のスパージャー、撹拌タービン翼及びバッフル、反応器上部のベントガスラインに還流冷却器、重合槽側面に第三重合槽へのオーバーフローラインを備えた4.0Lのジャケット付き第二重合槽に1000mL/分の流量で窒素ガスを吹き込みながら、1635.4gのキシレン、251.6gのn-ブタノール、629.0gのメタノールを入れた。更に、反応器底部に酸素含有ガス導入の為のスパージャー、撹拌タービン翼及びバッフル、重合槽上部のベントガスラインに還流冷却器、重合槽側面にオーバーフローラインを備えた1.5mLのジャケット付き重合槽に500mL/分の流量で窒素ガスを吹き込みながら、390gのキシレン、60gのn-ブタノール、150gのメタノールを入れた。また、プランジャーポンプにより第一重合槽に送液できるライン、撹拌タービン翼及び槽上部のベントガスラインに還流冷却器を備えた6.0Lの原料タンクに500mL/分の流量で窒素ガスを吹き込みながら、0.813gの塩化第二銅2水和物、3.581gの35%塩酸、9.009のジ-n-ブチルアミン、31.054gのN,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルプロパンジアミン、1973.1gのキシレン、303.6gのn-ブタノール、758.9gのメタノール、690.0gの2,6-ジメチルフェノール、230.0gの2,3,6-トリメチルフェノールを入れ、撹拌により液を混合させた。原料タンクへの仕込み液は重合に供することで減量するため、その都度、上記液組成のものを追加添加した。
次いで、激しく撹拌した第一重合槽へ、第一原料タンクより17.34g/分の流量で重合溶液を供給するのと同時に、第一重合槽へ449.8mL/分の速度で酸素をスパージャーより導入した。更に、第一重合槽より第二重合槽へのオーバーフローが開始されると同時に、179.9mL/分の速度で酸素をスパージャーより導入した。
重合温度は第一重合槽、第二重合槽及び第三重合槽ともに40℃を保つようにジャケットに熱媒を通して調節した。その後、40時間重合を継続することで、第一重合槽及び第二重合槽における重合は安定状態となりポリフェニレンエーテルが連続的に得た。第一重合槽の重合形態は溶液重合であり、第二重合槽の重合形態は沈殿析出重合であった。その後、更に50時間重合を継続し完了した。
得られた重合混合物にエチレンジアミン四酢酸3カリウム塩(同仁化学研究所製試薬)の10%水溶液を添加し、50℃に温めた。次いでハイドロキノン(和光純薬社製試薬)を少量ずつ添加し、スラリー状のポリフェニレンエーテルが白色となるまで、50℃での保温を続けた。白色となったスラリー状のポリフェニレンエーテルをろ過し、ろ残のポリフェニレンエーテルにメタノールをふりかけ洗浄後乾燥させ、ポリフェニレンエーテルをサンプルとして約10.0Kg確保した。
得られたポリフェニレンエーテルの還元粘度ηAは0.530であり、ガラス転移温度Tgは235℃と高かった。なお、クロロホルム中での不溶物は確認されなかった。残存揮発分は1.0質量%であり、うち約0.3質量%がエチルベンゼンであり、約0.7質量%がo-キシレン、p-キシレン、m-キシレンの混合物であった。また、反応器等へのスケールは確認されなかった。このポリフェニレンエーテルを(PPE-1)とした。残存銅の量は2ppm未満であった。その他の結果は表中に示す。
原料タンクに入れる2,6―ジメチルフェノールを920.0gとし、2,3,6-トリメチルフェノールを入れなかったこと以外は、製造1と同様に実施した。得られたポリフェニレンエーテルの還元粘度ηAは0.530であり、ガラス転移温度Tgは221℃であった。なお、クロロホルム中での不溶物は確認されなかった。残存揮発分は0.9質量%であり、うち約0.2質量%がエチルベンゼンであり、約0.7質量%がo-キシレン、p-キシレン、m-キシレンの混合物であった。また、反応器等へのスケールは確認されなかった。このポリフェニレンエーテルを(PPE-2)とした。残存銅の量は2ppm未満であった。その他の結果は表中に示す。
重合槽底部に酸素含有ガス導入の為のスパージャー、撹拌タービン翼及びバッフル、重合槽上部のベントガスラインに還流冷却器を備えた500Lのジャケット付き重合槽に2.5L/分の流量で窒素ガスを吹き込みながら、20.6gの酸化第二銅、155.0gの47%臭化水素水溶液、49.7gのジーt-ブチルエチレンジアミン、240.4gのジ-n-ブチルアミン、731.7gのブチルジメチルアミン、300kgのトルエン、16.0kgの2,6-ジメチルフェノールを入れ、均一溶液となり、かつ反応器の内温が25℃になるまで撹拌した。
次いで、激しく撹拌した重合槽へ、重合槽へ10NL/分の速度で酸素ガスをスパージャーより導入を始め重合を開始した。320分通気し、重合終結時の内温が40℃になるよう徐々に昇温しコントロールした。重合終結時の重合液は溶液状態であった。
酸素含有ガスの通気を止め、重合混合物にエチレンジアミン四酢酸4ナトリウム塩(同仁化学研究所製試薬)の2.5%水溶液を10kg添加し70℃になるまで撹拌した。その後100分間撹拌を継続した後静置し、液-液分離により有機相と水相を分離した。得られた有機相にメタノールを過剰に加えて、析出したポリフェニレンエーテルをろ別し、メタノール洗浄を繰り返し、乾燥させポリフェニレンエーテルを得た。得られたポリフェニレンエーテルの還元粘度ηAは0.510であり、ガラス転移温度Tgは220℃であった。なお、クロロホルム中での不溶物は確認されなかった。残存揮発分は0.5質量%であり、ほぼ全ての成分がトルエンであった。このポリフェニレンエーテルを(PPE-3)とした。残存銅の量は2ppm未満であった。その他の結果は表中に示す。
PPE-1を180℃、1mmHgにて、延べ48時間乾燥させ、絶乾させポリフェニレンエーテルを得た。得られたポリフェニレンエーテルの還元粘度ηAは0.530であり、ガラス転移温度Tgは235℃であった。なお、クロロホルム中での不溶物は確認されなかった。残存揮発分は0.04質量%であり、エチルベンゼンとキシレンの定量はできなかった。このポリフェニレンエーテルを(PPE-4)とした。残存銅の量は2ppm未満であった。その他の結果は表中に示す。
PPE-1~PPE-4
ジブチルアミン(DBAと表記)
N,N’-1,2-エチレンジアミン(1,2-EDAと表記)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)
N,N’-1,3-プロパンジアミン(1,3-PDAと表記)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)
N,N’-1,4-ブチルジアミン(1,4-BDAと表記)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)
N,N’-1,5-ペンタンジアミン(1,5-PDAと表記)(東京化成工業株式会社製)
N,N’-1,6-ヘキサンジアミン(1,6-HDAと表記)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)
N,N’-1,7-へプタンジアミン(1,7-HDAと表記)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)
N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチル-1,3-プロパンジアミン(TMDPAと表記)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)
N,N’-ジーt-ブチルエチレンジアミン(DtBEDAと表記)(東京化成工業株式会社製)
ポリエチレンイミン(商標名エポミンRSP-003:日本触媒製)(SP-003と表記)
ポリエチレンイミン(商標名エポミンRSP-018:日本触媒製)(SP-018と表記)
ポリエチレンイミン(商標名エポミンRSP-200:日本触媒製)(SP-200と表記)
ハイインパクトポリスチレン(商品名:PS6200、米国ノバケミカル社製)
ゼネラルパーパスポリスチレン(商品名:スタイロン660、米国ダウケミカル社製)
(PPE-1)を10kg及び窒素化合物(B)としてジ-n-ブチルアミンを50.3gをヘンシェルミキサで均一に混合し、ZSK25二軸押出機(独国Werner&Pfleiderer社製、バレル数10、スクリュー径25mm、ニーディングディスクL:1個、ニーディングディスクR:1個、ニーディングディスクN:2個を有するスクリューパターン)を用いて、バレル設定温度310℃、スクリュー回転数200rpmで溶融混練し、吐出量10kg/時にてストランドを作製した。溶融混練したストランドを水浴に浸しストランドカッターで造粒した。造粒品は透明であった。得られた結果を表1に示す。
ポリフェニレンエーテルの種類及び窒素化合物(B)の添加量及び種類を、表1~3に示した通り用いて、実施例1と同様に実施した。結果を表1~3に示す。
ポリフェニレンエーテルとして(PPE-1)を用いて、窒素化合物(B)を添加しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様に実施した。得られた結果を表4に示す。
ポリフェニレンエーテルとして表4に示したものを用いたこと以外は比較例1と同様に実施した。得られた結果を表4に示す。
ポリフェニレンエーテルの種類及び窒素化合物(B)の添加量及び種類を、表4及び5に示した通り用いて、実施例1と同様に実施した。結果を表4及び5に示す。
更に、これらの樹脂組成物の造粒体は平均粒径が1mm以上であり、微粉の発生がなく、粉塵が舞わない取扱性に優れるものであった。
これに対して、比較例1~4で製造したポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物は、窒素化合物(B)を含んでいないため分子量分布が広くなっており、ゲルの発生も確認された。更に、加工流動性と耐薬品性は共に実施例と比べて劣っていた。
参考例1~12で製造したポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物は、加工流動性には優れるが、耐薬品性に劣っていた。つまり、窒素化合物(B)を必要以上に添加すると加工流動性と耐薬品の両立が困難となる傾向にあることを示している。
比較例5~7で製造したポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物は、ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)に芳香族炭化水素が十分な量含まれていないため、樹脂中への窒素化合物(B)の拡散が不十分となっているものと推定される。それにより分子量分布が広くなっており、ゲルの発生が確認され、更に、加工流動性と耐薬品性に関しても、共に十分な改良が確認されなかった。
Claims (16)
- 下記式(1)
で表される構造単位(a)、及び/又は、
下記式(2)
で表される構造単位(b)、からなるポリフェニレンエーテル(A)と、
1分子中に1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基及び/又は3級アミノ基を少なくとも1個以上有する窒素化合物(B)と、
を溶融混合してなるポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物であって、
前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)は、少なくとも1種以上の炭素数7~8の芳香族炭化水素(C)を0.1質量%以上1.5質量%以下含む、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。 - 前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)は、前記芳香族炭化水素(C)を0.1質量%以上1.0質量%以下含む、請求項1記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)は、前記芳香族炭化水素(C)を少なくとも2種以上含む、請求項1又は2記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記構造単位(a)は、R1及びR2がメチル基である構造単位(a1)であり、前記構造単位(b)は、R3、R4及びR5がメチル基である構造単位(b1)である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記窒素化合物(B)は、1分子中に1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基及び/又は3級アミノ基を少なくとも3個以上有する化合物である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記窒素化合物(B)のアミン当量が150以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)100質量部に対し、前記窒素化合物(B)を0.1質量部以上5質量部未満含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の微分分子量dW/d(LogM)(P)の最大値が1.0以上である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 微分分子量dW/d(LogM)(Q)の最大値が1.0以上である、請求項1~8のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の還元粘度ηAが0.3dL/g以上である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)の還元粘度ηAと、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物の還元粘度ηBが、関係式|(ηB-ηA)/ηA|≦0.1を満たす、請求項1~10のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記関係式が|(ηB-ηA)/ηA|≦0.08を満たす、請求項11記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記触媒は、銅化合物及び/又はハロゲン化合物を含む触媒である、請求項13記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 残存する触媒量が2ppm以下である、請求項13又は14記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
- 前記フェノール化合物(c)が2,6-ジメチルフェノールであり、前記フェノール化合物(d)が2,3,6-トリメチルフェノールである、請求項13~15のいずれか1項記載のポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物。
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JP2010511961A JP5588862B2 (ja) | 2008-05-12 | 2009-05-08 | 分子量分布の狭いポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂組成物 |
EP09746543.9A EP2277951B1 (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2009-05-08 | Polyphenylene ether resin composition having narrow molecular weight distribution |
US12/990,811 US8445573B2 (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2009-05-08 | Polyphenylene ether resin composition having narrow molecular weight distribution |
CN2009801169777A CN102027066B (zh) | 2008-05-12 | 2009-05-08 | 分子量分布窄的聚苯醚树脂组合物 |
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EP (1) | EP2277951B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5588862B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (3)
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JP2014189637A (ja) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-06 | Dic Corp | 変性ポリアリーレンエーテル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物、その硬化物、プリプレグ、回路基板、及びビルドアップフィルム |
JP2019210386A (ja) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-12 | 東ソー株式会社 | 共重合体の製造方法 |
WO2022244817A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-24 | 旭化成株式会社 | ポリフェニレンエーテル、その製造方法、熱硬化組成物、プリプレグ、及び積層体 |
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US8895655B2 (en) | 2010-11-24 | 2014-11-25 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | Automotive lamp extension molding |
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JP2021014556A (ja) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-02-12 | 旭化成株式会社 | ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂の製造方法 |
CN113603883B (zh) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-01-10 | 珠海宏昌电子材料有限公司 | 一种改性聚苯醚及制备方法和在高频电路板中的应用 |
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Cited By (4)
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---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014189637A (ja) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-06 | Dic Corp | 変性ポリアリーレンエーテル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂組成物、その硬化物、プリプレグ、回路基板、及びビルドアップフィルム |
JP2019210386A (ja) * | 2018-06-05 | 2019-12-12 | 東ソー株式会社 | 共重合体の製造方法 |
JP7167493B2 (ja) | 2018-06-05 | 2022-11-09 | 東ソー株式会社 | 共重合体の製造方法 |
WO2022244817A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-11-24 | 旭化成株式会社 | ポリフェニレンエーテル、その製造方法、熱硬化組成物、プリプレグ、及び積層体 |
Also Published As
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US20110166269A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
EP2277951A4 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
EP2277951A1 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
JP5588862B2 (ja) | 2014-09-10 |
CN102027066B (zh) | 2013-10-30 |
CN102027066A (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
US8445573B2 (en) | 2013-05-21 |
EP2277951B1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
JPWO2009139336A1 (ja) | 2011-09-22 |
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