WO2009035155A1 - 水晶振動子片およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
水晶振動子片およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009035155A1 WO2009035155A1 PCT/JP2008/066923 JP2008066923W WO2009035155A1 WO 2009035155 A1 WO2009035155 A1 WO 2009035155A1 JP 2008066923 W JP2008066923 W JP 2008066923W WO 2009035155 A1 WO2009035155 A1 WO 2009035155A1
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- groove
- crystal resonator
- etching
- resonator element
- crystal
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 148
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/15—Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material
- H03H9/21—Crystal tuning forks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H3/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators
- H03H3/007—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks
- H03H3/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of piezoelectric or electrostrictive resonators or networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/02007—Details of bulk acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/02086—Means for compensation or elimination of undesirable effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H3/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators
- H03H3/007—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks
- H03H3/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of piezoelectric or electrostrictive resonators or networks
- H03H2003/026—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of piezoelectric or electrostrictive resonators or networks the resonators or networks being of the tuning fork type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/42—Piezoelectric device making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a crystal resonator piece and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a crystal resonator piece having a structure that suppresses occurrence of leakage vibration that is out-of-plane vibration and a method for manufacturing the same.
- Background art
- the tuning-fork type crystal unit used for vibrating gyros, etc. is a process of cutting out a crystal unit piece of a desired shape from a crystal wafer, a step of forming an electrode for oscillating the crystal unit piece, Manufactured by a process of mounting the formed quartz crystal piece on a container.
- the crystal oscillator piece shape determines the vibration and greatly affects the device performance, so the process of cutting the crystal oscillator piece from the crystal wafer is an important process.
- Figure 15 shows the crystal axis of the crystal oscillator.
- crystal wafer 10 0 is a Z-plate cut by a plane perpendicular to the Z-axis of crystal, or crystal wafer 1 rotated from 0 to 15 ° around the X-axis from the Z-plate. Processed from 0 0 etc.
- the crystal axes after rotating around the X axis are X, Y ', and Z.
- the main surface of the quartz wafer 100 is the XY ′ plane.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a crystal resonator 1 1 0 cut out from the crystal wafer 1 100.
- Fig. 16 (a) is a schematic front view showing the crystal resonator element 110
- Fig. 16 (b) is an example of a cross-sectional view taken along line AA 'in Fig. 16 (a).
- FIG. 16 (b) is a diagram showing another example of the AA ′ cross-sectional view in FIG. 16 (a).
- the crystal resonator element 1 1 0 includes a support part 1 1 1, a base part 1 1 2, and a vibration leg 1 1 3.
- the vibrating part is the vibrating leg 1 1 3.
- the vibrating legs 1 1 3 have the X axis in the width direction, the Y ′ axis in the longitudinal direction, and the Z ′ axis in the thickness direction.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a method for manufacturing a crystal resonator element.
- Fig. 17 shows the cross section of the vibrating leg of the quartz crystal piece.
- metal corrosion resistance that is resistant to crystal etching solution.
- the photoresists 2 0 1 a and 2 0 1 b are developed.
- the metal corrosion-resistant films 200a and 200b are patterned using the resist pattern formed by development as a mask, and an etching mask 2 for crystal etching is used. 0 7 a and 2 0 7 b are formed.
- the quartz wafer 10 0 1 on which the masks 2 0 7 a and 2 0 7 b are formed is immersed in a hydrofluoric acid-based etching solution, and as shown in FIG. 1 7 (e), the etching mask 2 0 7 a and 2 0 7 Dissolve the part of the crystal not covered by b from both the front and back sides. Thereafter, the etching masks 2 0 7 a and 2 0 7 b are removed to obtain a crystal resonator element 1 1 0 as shown in FIG. 1 6. Also, the etching mask is patterned on only one side and the other side is obtained.
- a method for manufacturing a crystal resonator piece is known in which the entire surface is covered with a metal corrosion-resistant film and etched from one side (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Further, as shown in FIG. There is known a method of manufacturing a crystal resonator piece in which the pattern 20 7 d is wider than the surface pattern 20 7 c and the surface pattern 20 7 c is used as a reference pattern for etching (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining the vibration direction of the crystal resonator element for the vibration gyro.
- FIG. 19 (a) is a perspective view of the crystal unit piece shown in Fig. 16 (a), and Fig. 19 (b) shows an example of the vibration direction in the section AA 'in Fig. 19 (a).
- FIG. 19 (c) is a diagram showing another example of the vibration direction in the A 1 A ′ cross section in FIG. 19 (a).
- Fig. 19 (a) when a sound or quartz crystal unit is used for a vibrating gyroscope, the bending vibration in the X-axis direction is driven and the bending vibration in the Z'-axis direction is detected when angular velocity is applied. It is used as vibration. Therefore, in the state where no angular velocity is applied, vibration in the Z 'axis direction should not occur as shown in Fig. 19 (b).
- Fig. 19 (c) the vibration component in the Z ′ axis direction is sometimes observed.
- the vibration component in the 'Z' axis direction from this oblique vibration is called leakage vibration, and cannot be distinguished from detection vibration, which deteriorates the gyro S / N and the temperature characteristics. There was a problem.
- the vibration of the tuning-fork type crystal unit uses bending vibration in the X-axis direction, and oblique vibration including the Z 'direction component increases the crystal impedance. There was a problem that the characteristics deteriorated.
- FIG. 16 (b) is a cross-sectional view when etching is performed for a short time
- FIG. 16 (c) is a cross-sectional view when etching is performed for a long time.
- Non-Patent Document 1 There is also a document that analyzes the relationship between the direction of the principal axis of the cross section of the quartz crystal piece and the oblique vibration (see Non-Patent Document 1). Also, grooves are formed in the vibrating arms of the tuning-fork type crystal vibrating piece, and electrodes are provided in each groove (electric field forming groove) to generate a predetermined electric field, so that bending motion is repeatedly generated in the vibrating arm. Piezoelectric devices are known (see Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 5 2-0 3 5 5 92 (Page 3, Fig. 3)
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2 0 6-2 1 7 4 9 7 (Page 5, Figure 1
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 4 — 0 0 7 4 2 8 (FIG. 2)
- Non-Patent Document 1 Motohiro Fujiyoshi et al.
- the cross section of the vibration leg here is a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vibrator (A-A cross section in Fig. 16 (a)).
- the main axis of the cross section In general, when considering bending of beams, the main axis of the cross section is often considered.
- the main axis of the cross-section consists of two orthogonal axes.
- the beam bends in the same direction as the stress.
- the beam bends in a direction different from the main axis in a direction different from the direction in which the stress is applied.
- the bending force is applied by the piezoelectric effect in the X-axis direction. Therefore, if one of the main shafts is the same as the X-axis, vibration will occur in the X-axis direction and no leakage vibration will occur. On the other hand, if the main axis is deviated from the X axis and tilted in the Z 'direction, the direction in which the bending force is applied does not match the direction of the main axis. .
- the direction of the main axis is determined by the cross-sectional shape of the beam (vibrating leg). In a simple example, for a section with a symmetry axis, the symmetry axis and the axis perpendicular to it are the principal axes of the section. For example, a rectangular cross section
- the bisector of each side is the main axis.
- one of the main axes When trying to obtain a crystal unit with no leakage vibration, one of the main axes must be parallel to the X axis. Since the main axis is two orthogonal axes, if there is a symmetric axis in the cross section parallel to the X or Z 'axis, there will be a main axis parallel to the X axis. In other words, the cross-sectional shape only needs to be vertically symmetric or symmetric.
- a resonator piece having such an axis of symmetry can be obtained when a crystal resonator piece is manufactured as in the conventional example.
- a residue always remains on the side of the vibrating leg. Therefore, the main axis of the cross section is determined by how the residue is formed. To consider the main axis of the cross-section of a quartz crystal piece, it is first necessary to consider how the residue can be formed.
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the state shown in FIG. 17 (e), and is a view showing a state of formation of residues on the vibrating legs of the quartz crystal piece.
- Fig. 20 only one vibrating leg is shown, and the side surface on the X side of the crystal axis of the crystal is the first side surface, and the side surface on the + X side is the second side surface.
- FIG. 20 (a) shows the case where etching is performed for a relatively short time.
- the second side about 2 ° relative to the Z 'axis in the shallow part from the transducer main surface (front surface 1 1 3 a and back surface 1 1 3 b), approximately twenty two .
- a residue is formed at an angle of The depth varies depending on the etching time, but both the front surface 1 1 3 a side and the back surface 1 1 3 b side follow the same tendency.
- FIG. 20 (b) shows the case where etching was performed for a relatively long time.
- the residue having an angle of about 22 ° in the deep part from the main surface of the vibrator described above disappears, and only the residue having an angle of about 2 ° in the shallow part from the main surface of the vibrator remains.
- the residue formed on the first side is very small.
- a residue having an angle of about 1 ° with respect to the Z ′ axis is formed.
- the residue shape on the first side surface does not change much depending on the etching time. Etching starts from the ends of the etching masks 20 7 a and 20 7 b, and does not affect each other on the front side and the back side until it penetrates, and proceeds independently.
- the cross section of the vibrating legs 1 1 3 of the quartz crystal piece after etching has a vertically symmetrical shape with an axis of symmetry parallel to the X axis. That is, the cross section of the vibrating leg 1 13 of the quartz crystal piece has a main axis 2 5 0 parallel to the X axis.
- the direction in which the bending force is applied and the direction of the main axis are both the X-axis, and they match, so there is no leakage vibration.
- the cross section of the vibrating leg 1 1 3 of the vibrator piece is vertically asymmetric. That is, the cross section of the vibrating leg 1 1 3 of the quartz crystal piece is It has neither a symmetry axis parallel to the X axis nor a symmetry axis parallel to the z 'axis. In this case, the main shaft 2 5 0 a is not parallel to the X axis. Therefore, the direction in which the bending force is applied differs from the direction of the main shaft, resulting in oblique vibration and leakage vibration.
- FIG. 2 1 (b) if a displacement e occurs in the etching masks 2 0 7 a and 2 0 7 b, the surface 1 appears on the cross section of the vibrating leg 1 1 3 as shown in FIG. 2 2 (a). 1 3 a and back side 1 1 3 b have front and back slippage e.
- the deviation angle of the main axis at this time is shown in Fig. 2 2 (bH. In Fig.
- Fig. 23 the positional deviation e between the front surface etching mask 20 7 e and the back surface etching mask 20 7 b is plotted on the horizontal axis, and the displacement angle a (°) of the main axis X a from the X axis is plotted on the vertical axis. did.
- the misregistration e between the etching masks 2 0 7 a and 2 0 7 b is positive when the front side etching mask is on the X side of the back side etching mask, and a is positive when the counterclockwise deviation is positive.
- the conventional method has a problem in that it is difficult to stably obtain a crystal resonator piece whose vibration leg cross-sectional shape is vertically symmetric or symmetric.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a crystal resonator piece and a method for manufacturing such a crystal resonator piece that can solve the above-described problems in the prior art.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a crystal resonator element having a main axis parallel to the X axis and suppressing the occurrence of leakage vibration, and such a crystal vibration, even though the cross-sectional shape of the vibration leg is not symmetrical. It provides a method for manufacturing the child pieces.
- the object of the present invention is to devise the etching mask and the etching method in the process of etching from both sides of the quartz wafer using the etching mask, so that the cross-sectional shape of the vibrating leg is not symmetrical. Quartz vibration that enables stable production of quartz crystal pieces that have a main axis parallel to the axis and suppress the occurrence of leakage vibration A method of manufacturing a child piece is provided.
- a crystal resonator element according to the present invention is processed by etching from a crystal wafer, and includes a surface, a back surface wider than the surface, a first side surface, and a second side surface. And the first side surface and the second side surface are formed so that the width of the vibration leg becomes wider from the front surface to the back surface, and the longitudinal direction of the vibration leg.
- the balance according to the inclination of the first side surface and the second side surface so that at least one of the two principal axes passing through the centroid that is mechanically orthogonal to the cross section orthogonal to An adjustment groove is formed.
- the balance adjusting groove is formed on the front surface or the back surface
- a surface on which the balance adjusting groove is formed is a groove surface, an angle formed by the groove surface and the first side surface is ⁇ , an angle formed by the groove surface and the second side surface is ⁇ , and the balance adjusting groove And the distance between the balance adjustment groove and the second side surface as ⁇ ,
- the outer shape can always be kept constant, and the tilted spindle can be adjusted in parallel with the X axis of the quartz crystal using the balance adjustment groove. Misalignment can occur only in the balance adjustment groove position, and the degree of influence of the groove misalignment on the inclination of the spindle is much higher than the degree of influence of the front and back deviation in the conventional example. Because it is small, the leakage vibration can be reduced to a negligible level.
- the balance adjusting groove is formed in the groove surface. According to the above configuration, even if the position for forming the balance adjustment groove is deviated from the design value, the balance adjustment groove volume is the same, so the influence on the orientation of the spindle is small and almost negligible. Yes, a quartz crystal piece with reduced leakage vibration is obtained.
- the balance adjusting groove is
- the groove is formed across the groove surface and the first side surface or the second side surface.
- the balance adjustment groove can be formed even when the vibrator is downsized and the balance adjustment groove does not fit in the vibration leg.
- the effect of the groove formation position on the tilt of the spindle is large, but still the effect of positional deviation is kept small compared to the effect of the front / back displacement in the conventional method. be able to.
- the crystal resonator element according to the present invention it is preferable that a plurality of the balance adjusting grooves are formed.
- a groove for forming an electric field is formed on at least one of the front surface and the back surface.
- the electric field forming groove also serves as the balance adjusting groove.
- a method of manufacturing a quartz crystal resonator element according to the present invention includes: a vibrating leg that includes a surface, a back surface wider than the surface, a first side surface, and a second side surface by etching a crystal wafer;
- the outer shape forming process is formed so that the width becomes wider toward the back surface, and the vibration legs are etched, and there are few two main axes that pass through the centroid that is mechanically orthogonal to the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vibration legs.
- Both have a groove forming step of forming a balance adjusting groove in accordance with the inclination of the first side surface and the second side surface so that one of them is substantially parallel to the front surface or the back surface.
- an outer surface etching mask is formed on the surface of the crystal wafer, and the outer surface etching mask is formed on the back surface of the crystal wafer.
- the length of the first projecting portion projecting from a position corresponding to the end portion on the first side surface side of the outer surface etching mask is c
- the length of the second protruding portion protruding from the position corresponding to the end portion on the second side surface side is d
- the thickness of the quartz wafer is t
- the etching angle on the first side surface side is ⁇
- the second side When the etching angle on the side is j8,
- the back surface etching mask is made longer than txtan (one 90 °) compared to the front surface etching mask. Therefore, the slope obtained by etching is only the slope etched from the surface, and a residue with a constant shape is always formed. Similarly, since only the slope etched from the surface is formed on the second side surface, it is possible to always form a residue having a certain shape. For this reason, the transducer outer shape is not affected by the deviation of the front and back alignment of the outer shape etching mask, and a constant shape is always formed.
- the mask offsets kl and k2 are set to a value larger than the mask alignment accuracy P. Therefore, the mask offsets are positioned in the front and back etching masks due to the alignment error of the apparatus. Even if a slip occurs, the first side surface is formed with one slope etched from the surface, and a constant residue is always formed. Similarly, one or two slopes etched from the surface are formed on the second side, and a constant residue is always formed. Therefore, the outer shape is always constant and is not affected by the front / back displacement.
- a groove having a groove forming opening for forming the balance adjusting groove on at least one of the front surface and the back surface is formed.
- the distance between the groove forming opening and the first side is a, and the distance between the groove forming opening and the second side is b,
- the balance Preferably, the surface on which the adjustment groove is formed is a groove surface, and the balance adjustment groove is formed in the groove surface.
- the groove volume does not change even if the position of the balance adjustment groove is deviated from the design value. Can be kept small.
- a surface on which the balance adjusting groove is formed is a groove surface, and the balance adjusting groove is the groove surface, the first side surface, or the second side surface. It is preferable to be formed over the two.
- the balance adjusting groove can be formed even when the vibrator is downsized and the balance adjusting groove does not fit in the vibrating leg.
- the groove formation position has a greater effect on the inclination of the spindle, but still the effect of the position deviation can be kept small compared to the front / back deviation error of the conventional method. it can.
- the etching mask has an outer shape that is not affected at all by the positional deviation, and the balance is adjusted by the balance adjusting groove that is very little affected by the positional deviation. It has become possible to obtain a crystal resonator element with vibrations suppressed to a negligible level.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of the crystal resonator according to the present invention
- FIG. 1 (b) is an enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG. 1 (a).
- FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (d) are cross-sectional process diagrams (1) showing the manufacturing process of the crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (e) are cross-sectional process diagrams (2) showing the manufacturing process of the crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of one vibration leg in the state of FIG. 3 (b).
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a vibration leg model for explaining the optimum position and the like of the balance adjustment groove.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing another crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing the vibrating leg shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing still another crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing the vibrating leg shown in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 is a view showing still another crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 (a) is a perspective view of still another crystal resonator according to the present invention
- FIG. 11 (b) is an enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG. 11 (a).
- FIG. 12 (a) shows a perspective view of still another crystal resonator according to the present invention
- FIG. 12 (b) is an enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG. 12 (a).
- FIG. 13 (a) is a perspective view of still another crystal resonator according to the present invention
- FIG. 13 (b) is an enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG. 13 (a).
- FIG. 14 is a view showing still another crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- Figure 15 shows a crystal wafer.
- Fig. 16 (a) is a front view of the crystal unit piece
- Fig. 16 (b) is an example of an AA 'cross-sectional view of Fig. 16 (a)
- Fig. 16 (c) is FIG. 16 is a view showing another example of the AA ′ cross-sectional view of FIG. 16 (a).
- FIGS. 17 (a) to 17 (e) are cross-sectional process diagrams showing a manufacturing process of a crystal resonator element in the prior art.
- Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a quartz crystal resonator element vibrating leg in the prior art
- Fig. 19 (a) is a perspective view of the crystal unit
- Fig. 19 (b) is a diagram showing the vibration direction in an example of the AA 'cross-sectional view of Fig. 19 (a)
- Fig. 19 ( c) is a diagram showing the vibration direction in another example of the AA ′ sectional view.
- FIG. 20 (a) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the crystal etching residue
- FIG. 20 (b) is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the crystal etching residue.
- Fig. 21 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the vibrating leg when the etching mask is not displaced
- Fig. 21 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the vibrating leg when the etching mask is displaced.
- Fig. 2 2 (a) shows the displacement of the front and back surfaces of the cross section of the vibrating leg
- Fig. 2 2 (b) shows the deviation angle of the main axis of the cross section of the vibrating leg in Fig. 2 2 (a).
- Fig. 23 is a diagram showing the relationship between the misalignment of the main axis and the misalignment of the main axis and the misalignment angle of the main axis in the manufacturing process of the crystal unit piece.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- Fig. 1 (a) shows a perspective view of the crystal unit
- Fig. 1 (b) is an enlarged view of the AA 'cross section of Fig. 1 (a).
- the crystal resonator element 3 10 according to the present invention includes a support part 3 11, a base part 3 1 2, a first vibration leg 3 1 3, and a second vibration leg 3. Consists of 1 to 4.
- a first balance adjusting groove 3 40 is formed in the first vibrating leg 3 13, and a second balance adjusting groove 3 50 is formed in the second vibrating leg.
- the first vibrating leg 3 1 3 of the quartz crystal piece 3 1 0 is composed of a front surface 3 2 1 and a back surface 3 2 3 having different widths, and one slope.
- the width of the front surface 3 2 1 is set smaller than the width of the back surface 3 2 3.
- the difference in the width direction (X-axis direction) between the front end 3 2 1 a of the first side surface 3 2 1 a and the back end 3 2 3 a of the first side surface (:, the front surface end 3 of the second side surface side 2 1 b and back side edge of second side surface 3 2 3 b width direction difference D, first side side etching angle, second side side etching angle / 3, and second side side etching angle If the thickness of the vibration leg 1 1 3 is t, then the following two relations hold.
- the tolerance adjusting groove 3 40 is provided on the surface 3 2 1 at a position closer to the first side face 3 2 0. That is, the distance between the first side-side end Q of the balance adjustment groove 34 0 and the first side-side end 3 2 1 a is A, and the second side-side end of the balance adjustment groove 3 40 If the distance between P and the second side surface end 3 2 1 b is B, then A ⁇ B.
- the first vibrating leg 3 1 3 in this way, one of the two main axes 3 60 passing through the centroid that is mechanically perpendicular to the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vibrating leg 3 1 3 is It is formed substantially parallel to the surface 3 2 1.
- substantially parallel means that only leakage vibrations that do not affect the characteristics are generated. This is the degree of parallelism.
- the quartz crystal piece 3 1 0 manufactured as shown in Fig. 1 generates almost no leakage vibration even when the position of the balance adjustment grooves 3 4 0 and 3 5 0 is shifted by 1 to 2/2 m from the design value. There wasn't. This is in contrast to the large leakage vibration that occurs when the same level of front / back displacement occurs in the conventional method.
- Fig. 2 (a) shows a metal corrosion resistant film formed by sputtering, vapor deposition or plating on both surfaces of a quartz wafer 300 with a plate thickness adjusted to t.
- Cr can be used for the underlayer
- Au can be used for the upper layer.
- Photoresist 2 0 1 a and 2 0 1 b are formed on the surfaces of 0 0 a and 2 0 0 b, respectively.
- the outer surface photomask 20 0 2 and the outer back surface photomask 20 4 are used, and the outer surface photomask 20 is used by a double-sided aligner. 2. Align the front and back positions of the photomasks 2 and 4 for the back of the outer shape, and expose the photoresistors 2 0 1 a and 2 0 1 b.
- 0 a and 2 0 0 b are patterned into a vibrator shape to form a metal corrosion resistant etching mask 2 0 7 a and 2 0 7 b.
- the fore resists 20 1 a and 2 0 1 b are peeled off to form film registers 2 0 9 on both the front and back surfaces of the crystal wafer on which the outer shape etching mask is formed.
- the groove surface photomask 2 1 3 and The photo resist 2 0 9 is exposed using the two photo masks 2 1 4 for the groove back surface.
- the exposed photoresist 20 9 is developed, and the trench resist pattern 20 0 is formed on the outer shape etching masks 20 7 a and 2 0 7 b. 3 a and 2 0 3 b are formed.
- the quartz wafer 300 on which 3b is formed is immersed in an etching solution containing hydrofluoric acid, and the portion of the quartz crystal not covered with the etching masks 2007a and 2007b of the metal corrosion resistant film is dissolved.
- the etching at this time is performed until at least a ridge line is not seen in the middle of the first side face 3 20 and the second side face 3 2 2 shown in FIG.
- the first side surface 3 20 and the second side surface 3 2 2 are each formed by one slope.
- the etching masks 2 0 7 a and 2 0 7 b are etched using the groove resist patterns 2 0 3 a and 2 0 3 b as masks, and the outer shape of the vibrating legs
- An etching mask for groove surface 20 8 a and an etching mask for groove back surface 20 8 b are formed on the quartz crystal.
- the quartz wafer is immersed in an etching solution containing hydrofluoric acid using the groove surface etching mask 20 8 a and the groove back surface etching mask 20 8 b as masks.
- the groove is etched to form balance adjusting grooves 3 4 0 and 3 50.
- the etching amount of the balance adjusting grooves 3 4 0 and 3 5 0 is set so that the main axis of the vibrating leg is parallel to the X axis of the crystal and no leakage vibration is generated.
- the etching masks 2 0 8 a and 2 0 8 b are peeled off, and the vibration legs 3 1 3 and 3 1 of the crystal resonator element 3 1 0 are removed.
- Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of one of the vibrating legs in the state of Fig. 3 (b). As shown in Fig. 4, the upper surface (surface) of the crystal piece in the figure is the groove surface 3 2 4 (Fig. 1 (b) The groove resist pattern 20 3 a is provided with a groove forming opening 2 15.
- the groove forming opening 2 15 is provided closer to the first side surface. ing. Further, the distance a between the first side surface end of the groove forming opening 2 15 and the first side surface end of the outer shape etching mask, the second side surface side of the groove forming opening 2 15 If the distance between the edge and the second side edge of the external etching mask is b, the relationship a ⁇ b is satisfied. If ⁇ > / 3, a> b is set.
- the width of the vibration leg pattern of the outer surface photomask 20 4 is set larger than that of the vibration leg pattern of the outer surface photomask 20 2. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the width of the etching mask 20 07 b on the back surface is formed larger than the width of the etching mask 20 07 a on the front surface.
- a second projecting portion (second projecting amount d) is formed at the end of the side surface of the second side.
- the first protrusion c of the first protrusion is set to be larger than txtan (90 °). That is, c> t X tan (one 90 °) is set.
- the crystal wafer 300 is etched surface 304 (which becomes the second side surface after etching) and the etching angle between the surface 6 and the second protrusion d of the second protrusion is d Set larger than txtan (? — 90 °). That is, d> t x t a n (
- the mask offset amount on the first side surface of the etching mask 20 7 b on the back surface is set to k 1
- the value of the mask offset amount k l is set to a value larger than p, that is, k l> p.
- the value of the mask offset amount k l is set as follows, for example.
- the angle ( ⁇ —90 °) is approximately 1 °
- the mask The offset amount k 2 is set to a value larger than p, that is, k 2> p.
- the value of the mask offset amount k l is set to 2 mm, for example.
- the angle ( ⁇ — 90 °) is approximately 2 °
- the etching angle ⁇ of the first side surface 3 20 is about 91 °
- the etching angle of the second side surface 3 2 2; 6 is about 9 2 °. Therefore, the width difference C between the end 3 2 1 a of the surface 3 2 1 on the first side 3 2 0 side and the back end 3 2 3 a on the first side 3 2 0 side shown in FIG. Is always t X 0. 0 1 7. Also, the width direction difference D between the second side surface 3 2 2 side surface end 3 2 1 b and the second side surface 3 2 2 side rear surface end 3 2 3 b is always t X 0. 0 3 5
- one of the principal axes of the cross section of the vibration leg 3 13 of the crystal resonator element 3 10 according to the present invention is substantially parallel to the surface, and leakage vibration is suppressed.
- the etching angle a on the first side is about 91 °
- the etching angle ⁇ on the second side is about 92 °.
- the etching angle / 3 varies depending on the cutting angle of the crystal wafer and the etching conditions, the first protrusion amount c and the second protrusion amount d are determined according to those conditions.
- the two end portions of the groove forming opening be formed on the inner side with respect to the width of the end portion of the outer shape etching mask that allows for side etching.
- the balance adjustment groove is formed in the groove surface after etching, and even if the balance adjustment groove is displaced, the volume of the balance adjustment groove does not change, and the inclination of the spindle is greatly affected. Less is.
- side etching refers to etching that proceeds in the horizontal direction with respect to the main surface of the etching mask.
- Fig. 5 shows the vibration for explaining the optimum position of the balance adjustment groove. It is the figure which showed the moving leg model.
- the direction of the main axis of the vibration leg cross section is determined by the cross-sectional shape of the vibration leg. Specifically, if the cross-sectional synergistic moment of the cross section of the vibrating leg with respect to the Cartesian coordinate system with the origin of the centroid of the cross section of the vibrating leg and the horizontal axis parallel to the X axis is approximately 0, the cross section of the vibrating leg is It has a substantially parallel main axis. Therefore, based on the cross section of the vibration leg shown in FIG. 5, a method for designing the balance adjusting groove so that the cross section of the vibration leg has a main axis substantially parallel to the X axis will be described below.
- the cross section of the balance adjustment groove does not become an exact rectangle due to the characteristics of the crystal, etc., but in this example, it is a rectangle shape to simplify the calculation.
- the left triangle portion S 4 included in the trapezoidal portion S i corresponds to the first residue portion formed on the first side face 3 20 side in FIG.
- the sum of the right triangle portion S 5 and the triangle portion S 2 included in the inclusion portion S i corresponds to the second residue portion formed on the second side surface 3 2 2 side in FIG. .
- the centroid of the entire cross section of the vibrating leg model. Sectional synergistic moment M 0, trapezoidal portion S centroid of ⁇ of t; ⁇ i sectional synergistic moment related to M i, the centroid of the triangular portion S 2 ⁇ 2; sectional synergistic about O 1 motor member Bok the M 2 the centroid of the balancing groove portion ⁇ 3; the cross-sectional surface synergistic moments about O 1 and M 3.
- the coordinate axes for calculation (horizontal axis x, vertical axis y) are set as a rectangular coordinate system with the centroid O of S i as the origin and the horizontal axis of the coordinate axis parallel to the X axis of the crystal piece. This coordinate system is called this coordinate system.
- Area A of the trapezoidal portion S is t (W x + W 2) , the trapezoidal portions
- the distance yi from the centroid O of S to the base is t / 3 ((2 W 2 + 3 W x ) / (2 W 2 + 2 W x ).
- the trapezoidal part S is a line-symmetric figure. Therefore, the cross-sectional synergistic moment M i with respect to the centroid O i is zero.
- Equation (4) the size and optimum position of the balance adjusting groove can be obtained using Equation (4).
- FIG. 5 the case where there is one balance adjusting groove on the upper surface of the vibrating leg has been described. However, as described later, when the balance adjusting groove is at another position of the vibrating leg, one is provided. However, even when there are multiple items, the optimal position and size can be obtained using the same calculation method.
- the crystal resonator element manufacturing method according to the present invention is used, even if the etching mask is misaligned, a constant residue is always formed on the first side surface and the second side surface. Therefore, if the balance adjusting groove is provided by the above-described design method, the residue and the balance adjusting groove are canceled out, and it is possible to obtain a crystal resonator element having almost no leakage vibration. In addition, There is a possibility that the position of the balance adjustment groove may not be in the design position due to the displacement of the positioning mask, but the influence of the position adjustment of the balance adjustment groove is very small.
- the position and depth of the balance adjustment groove where leakage vibration is zero will vary slightly depending on various conditions. For this reason, the effect of the present invention can be exhibited more reliably by performing a pre-experiment by changing the position and depth of the balance adjusting groove and setting an optimum value at which the leakage vibration becomes zero.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing another crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- the balance adjusting groove 3 4 0 is configured to intersect the first side surface 3 2 0 in the vibrating leg 3 1 3. Accordingly, the first end portion Q of the balance adjusting groove 3 40 is on the first side surface 3 20, and the second end portion Q is on the surface 3 21.
- the positional deviation of the balance adjustment groove 3 40 is more likely to affect the inclination of the main shaft than in the case where the balance adjustment groove 3 4 0 fits inside the surface 3 2 1.
- the quartz crystal piece shown in Fig. 6 compared to the front and back deviation of the conventional quartz piece, the effect of the positional deviation is small, and the resonator has a suppressed leakage vibration.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing the vibrating leg shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of one vibrating leg in the state of FIG. 3 (b). That is, as in the relationship with FIG. 4 corresponding to FIG. It is.
- one of the end portions of the groove forming opening is located outside the position where the end of the outer shape etching mask allows for side etching etching.
- the other is formed on the inner side of the edge of the outer shape etching mask where a side etching etching margin is expected.
- the balance adjusting groove 3 4 0 extends across the groove surface 3 2 4 and the first side surface 3 2 0. Will be formed. 6 and 7, the balance adjusting groove 3 40 is formed across the groove surface 3 2 4 and the first side surface.
- the groove surface 3 2 4 and the second side surface 3 2 It may be configured to be formed across two.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing still another crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- the balance adjustment groove is provided on the front surface 3 2 1 side, but as shown in Fig. 8, the balance adjustment groove 3 4 0 on the back surface 3 2 3 side of the vibrating leg 3 1 3 May be provided.
- the angle formed by groove surface 3 2 4 and first side surface 3 2 0 is balanced, and the angle formed by groove surface 3 2 4 and second side surface 3 2 2 is / 3, balanced with back end 3 2 3 a
- the distance between the adjustment groove end Q is A, and the distance between the back surface end 3 2 3 b and the balance adjustment groove end P is B.
- the balance adjusting groove 3 40 is provided on the back surface 3 2 3 at a position closer to the second side surface 3 2 2. That is, A> B.
- the balance adjustment groove 3 4 0 By providing the balance adjustment groove 3 4 0 on the back surface 3 2 3 side, one of the two main shafts 3 6 0 passing through the centroid, which is mechanically perpendicular to the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vibrating legs 3 1 3,
- the center of gravity of the vibrating leg is located near the center of the front surface 3 2 1 and the back surface 3 2 3, so the effect of more stable vibration is further improved.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing the vibration leg shown in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing the vibration leg shown in FIG. 8.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of one vibration leg in the state of FIG. 3 (b). That is, it corresponds to Fig. 8 as well as the relationship to Fig. 4 corresponding to Fig. 1.
- the balance adjusting groove 3 40 is formed on the back surface 3 2 3 side.
- the distance e of the groove resist pattern 20 3 b corresponds to the distance A in FIG. 8
- the distance ⁇ of the groove resist pattern 20 3 b corresponds to the distance B in FIG.
- the other configurations in FIG. 9 are all the same as those in FIG.
- the balance adjusting groove 3 40 may be formed across the groove surface 3 24 and the first side surface 3 20 or the second side surface 3 2 2.
- FIG. 10 is a view showing still another crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- the balance adjustment groove is provided on the surface 3 2 1 side.
- a groove 3 4 0 may be provided.
- a balance adjustment groove 3 4 0 may be provided on the second side surface 3 2 2 side.
- FIG. 11 (a) is a perspective view of still another crystal resonator according to the present invention
- FIG. 11 (b) is an enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG. 11 (a).
- FIG. 11 shows an example in which one balance adjusting groove is provided on the front and back surfaces of the vibrating legs 3 1 3 and 3 1 4. That is, the balance adjustment groove 3 4 1 is provided on the front surface 3 2 1 of the vibration leg 3 1 3 and the balance adjustment groove 3 4 2 is provided on the back surface 3 2 3, and the balance adjustment groove 3 5 1 is provided on the front surface of the vibration leg 3 1 4. Provided with a balance adjusting groove 3 5 2 (not shown).
- FIG. 12 (a) shows a perspective view of still another crystal resonator according to the present invention
- FIG. 12 (b) is an enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG. 12 (a).
- FIG. 12 is an example in which a balance adjusting groove is further provided when electric field forming grooves are formed on the front and back surfaces of the vibrating legs 3 1 3 and 3 1 4, respectively. That is, the balance adjusting groove 3 4 1 is provided on the surface 3 2 1 of the vibration leg 3 1 3 in which the electric field forming grooves 3 80 and 3 8 1 are formed, and the electric field forming grooves 3 8 2 and 3 8 3 The balance adjustment groove 3 4 2 was provided on the back surface 3 2 3 of the vibration leg 3 1 3 formed with the splay.
- a balance adjusting groove 3 5 1 is provided on the surface of the vibrating leg 3 1 4 in which the electric field forming grooves 3 90 and 3 9 1 are formed, and similarly, the vibrating leg 3 1 in which the electric field forming grooves are formed.
- a balance adjustment groove was provided on the back of 4.
- FIG. 13 (a) is a perspective view of still another crystal resonator according to the present invention
- FIG. 13 (b) is an enlarged view of the AA ′ cross section of FIG. 13 (a).
- Fig. 1 3 shows the balance by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the electric field forming groove when electric field forming grooves are formed on the front and back surfaces of the vibrating legs 3 1 3 and 3 1 4 respectively.
- the balance adjusting groove is formed by increasing the cross-sectional area of the electric field forming groove 3 8 0 ′ on the front surface 3 2 1 of the vibrating leg 3 1 3 and the electric field forming groove 3 8 3 ′ on the back surface 3 2 3.
- shake A function as a balance adjusting groove is provided by forming a large cross-sectional area of the electric field forming groove 390 on the front surface of the moving leg 3 14 and the electric field forming groove on the back surface.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing still another crystal resonator element according to the present invention.
- the second side surface 3 2 2 is formed by one slope.
- the plate thickness t is thick, etching takes time. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, the second side surface 3 2 2 may be formed by two inclined surfaces (3 2 2 a and 3 2 2 b).
- the second side surface 3 2 2 is formed of two slopes, the difference between the front surface end 3 2 1 b and the back surface end 3 2 3 b on the second side surface is Taking this into account, it is necessary to estimate the amount of residue formed on the second side as D '. Even if the second side 3 2 2 is formed with two slopes, the amount of the second residue formed on the second side is always constant if the etching time is constant. Therefore, as described above, leakage vibration can be prevented by the balance adjusting groove.
- the balance adjusting groove may be formed on the front surface 3 2 1 side of the vibrating leg 3 1 3 (see FIGS. 1 and 6), or may be formed on the back surface 3 2 3 (see FIG. 8) may be formed on the first side surface 3 20 or the second side surface 3 2 2 (see FIG. 10).
- the balance adjusting groove may be formed on both the front surface 3 2 1 and the back surface 3 2 3 of the vibrating legs 3 1 3 (see FIGS. 1 to 1 to 3), and the number and size of the formed grooves are arbitrary. It is possible to select.
- the balance adjustment groove is formed on both the front surface 3 2 1 and the back surface 3 2 3 of the vibrating legs 3 1 3, the balance adjustment effect of the balance adjustment groove is shared between the front surface groove and the back surface groove. Because it bears, the volume of each groove can be reduced, which is advantageous in terms of dimensions.
- the balance adjustment groove is the length of the vibrating leg. You may form in all the hand directions, and may form in a part.
- the etching for forming the outer shape of the vibrating arm and the balance adjusting groove may be performed by using an etching mask divided into an outer etching mask and a groove etching mask as shown in the embodiment, or the outer etching mask and the groove.
- An etching mask that also serves as an etching mask may be used.
- a bipedal or quartz crystal piece has been described as an example.
- a quartz piece other than the two-legged tuning fork type for example, a 1, 3, 4, or 5-leg tuning fork type.
- the present invention can also be applied.
- the crystal resonator element according to the present invention can also be used as a frequency reference crystal resonator. In this case, since the leakage vibration is suppressed, there is a further effect that the crystal impedance is kept low.
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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CN200880106799.5A CN101803188B (zh) | 2007-09-13 | 2008-09-12 | 水晶振子片及其制造方法 |
JP2009532269A JP5100753B2 (ja) | 2007-09-13 | 2008-09-12 | 水晶振動子片およびその製造方法 |
US12/677,596 US8460561B2 (en) | 2007-09-13 | 2008-09-12 | Crystal oscillator piece and method for manufacturing the same |
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JP2007-237891 | 2007-09-13 | ||
JP2007237891 | 2007-09-13 |
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JP (1) | JP5100753B2 (ja) |
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JP2011082735A (ja) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-21 | Seiko Epson Corp | 水晶振動片の製造方法および水晶デバイス |
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JP4241022B2 (ja) * | 2002-12-17 | 2009-03-18 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 水晶振動片とその製造方法及び水晶振動片を利用した水晶デバイス、ならびに水晶デバイスを利用した携帯電話装置および水晶デバイスを利用した電子機器 |
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- 2008-09-12 JP JP2009532269A patent/JP5100753B2/ja active Active
- 2008-09-12 CN CN200880106799.5A patent/CN101803188B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-12 US US12/677,596 patent/US8460561B2/en active Active
- 2008-09-12 WO PCT/JP2008/066923 patent/WO2009035155A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPS5235592A (en) * | 1975-09-12 | 1977-03-18 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | Piezo-oscillator |
JPS60214114A (ja) * | 1984-04-09 | 1985-10-26 | Toyo Commun Equip Co Ltd | 音叉型圧電振動子の音響漏洩除去方法 |
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JP2013005072A (ja) * | 2011-06-14 | 2013-01-07 | Seiko Epson Corp | 振動片、ジャイロセンサー、電子機器、振動片の製造方法 |
JP2013234873A (ja) * | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-21 | Seiko Epson Corp | 振動片およびその製造方法並びにジャイロセンサーおよび電子機器および移動体 |
JP2014232965A (ja) * | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-11 | シチズンファインテックミヨタ株式会社 | 水晶振動子及びその製造方法 |
KR20150025466A (ko) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-10 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 압전 진동자용 압전편 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101983148B1 (ko) * | 2013-08-29 | 2019-08-28 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 압전 진동자용 압전편 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP2016197026A (ja) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-11-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 振動素子、振動子、電子機器および移動体 |
Also Published As
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US20100200543A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
CN101803188A (zh) | 2010-08-11 |
JP5100753B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
JPWO2009035155A1 (ja) | 2010-12-24 |
CN101803188B (zh) | 2014-07-09 |
US8460561B2 (en) | 2013-06-11 |
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