Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
  • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
  • F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
  • F27B7/2025—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
  • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
  • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
  • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
  • C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device and a method for carrying out chemical and / or physical reactions between a solid and a gas, in particular for preheating, cooling and / or calcination of fine-grained materials and a plant for cement production.
• the helical and / or spiral line has a rectangular cross section and is connected to a side surface of a cuboid deposition chamber.
• the connection point extends over the entire side surface of the cuboid deposition chamber.
• the lower part of the separation chamber tapers in a funnel shape and serves to discharge the
• a cyclotron for the separation of particles from a gas-particle mixture which has an obliquely opening intake channel. The particles are discharged downwards, while the gas is discharged via a dip tube opening into the cyclotron.
• the invention has the object to improve the degree of separation in the deposition chamber.
• the device according to the invention for carrying out chemical and / or physical reactions between a solid and a gas in particular for preheating, cooling and / or calcining fine-grained materials, consists essentially of at least one helical and / or spiral line in which a gas is generated by centrifugal forces Solid suspension in a solid stream and a gas stream are separated, and at least one with the
• the separation region is formed by a lower part of the gas line, wherein the separation region in the region of the junction of the helical and / or spiral-like line and the above subsequent part of the gas line the have the same diameter.
• the helical and / or spiral line opens tangentially to form a swirl flow, with an angle to the horizontal of at least 30 ° in the deposition area.
• Understood line that is at least partially helical and / or spiral-shaped.
• the rotation of the helical and / or spiral-like line can in particular only extend over a smaller angular range, for example 90 °.
• the gas-solid suspension is introduced via the helical and / or spiral line into the gas line such that a swirl flow is generated in the gas line and the solid is discharged directly downwards.
• the helical and / or spiral line opens tangentially into the following gas line for generating the swirl flow. Under tangential course, such connections of the helical and / or spiral-like line are meant, which are oriented approximately tangentially.
• the gas line is designed to be round in order to support the swirl flow. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the helical and / or spiral line is connected to the gas line at an angle to the horizontal, which is between 30-60 °. In this way, the solid is led directly down to the solid line, while the gas stream can be discharged upwards.
• the width of the helical line in the region of the connection to the deposition chamber is smaller than the width of the deposition chamber and preferably less than 50% of the width of the deposition chamber, viewed in the horizontal direction.
• the lower part of the gas line is funnel-shaped tapered, wherein the solid line is connected to the funnel-shaped tapered part of the gas line.
• the gas line may have a smaller or a larger diameter in the further course in the flow direction of the gas. In this way, procedural parameters such as pressure loss or separation efficiency can be influenced and optimized.
• the device is expediently designed as a multi-stage and / or multi-strand arrangement with a plurality of helical and / or spiral-type lines and associated gas lines.
• a gas-solid suspension line can be provided, which has a riser and a Descending helical and / or spiral-like line, which are connected to each other via a deflection.
• each stage comprising the following components: a. a gas-solid suspension line for conducting a gas-solid suspension with a helical and / or spiral line, b. a separation area, c. a solid line for discharging the separated solid d. and a gas line for discharging the separated gas, wherein the gas line of a stage merges into the gas-solid suspension line of the next higher stage and the solid line of a stage opens in the gas-solid suspension line of the next lower stage.
• Fig. 1 is a front view of the device with helical and / or spiral
• FIG. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1,
• Fig. 4 is a side view of a multi-stage arrangement
• Fig. 5 is a plan view of the multi-stage arrangement of FIG. 4 and Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional view of a system for
• FIGS. 1 to 3 The device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 for carrying out chemical and / or physical reactions between a solid 4 and a gas 5, in particular for preheating, cooling and / or calcining fine-grained
• Materials consists essentially of at least one helical and / or spiral-like line 1, at least one communicating with the end of the helical and / or spiral line gas line 2 for diverting the gas stream and a connected to the gas line solid line 3 for
• the helical and / or spiral line 1 opens tangentially and at an angle ⁇ relative to the horizontal of at least 30 ° into the separation region 2a.
• the angle ⁇ is preferably in the range between 30 ° and 60 °.
• the gas line 2 or the separation region 2 a of the gas line 2 also has in its lower region a funnel-shaped tapering part 2 b, to which the solid line 3 is connected.
• the funnel-shaped tapered part 2b adjoins immediately below the junction of the helical and / or spiral line 1 at. It is within the scope of the invention, however, also conceivable that between the lower part of the junction of the helical and / or spiral line 1 and the funnel-shaped tapered portion 2b, a small distance is provided, but less than the radius preferably less than half Radius, the gas line should be 2 in the area of the junction.
• the gas-solid suspension is fed to the gas line 2 via the helical and / or spiral line 1. It comes in the helical and / or spiral-like line 1 due to the centrifugal forces to a pre-separation of the gas-solid suspension in the solids flow 4 and the
• the solid stream 4 previously separated from the gas stream is fed directly to the solid line 3 via the funnel-shaped tapering part 2b.
• Gas stream 5 is also transferred into a swirl flow and discharged upwards via the gas line 2. This prevents material from being re-absorbed and discharged by the gas stream.
• the obliquely downwardly directed material supply into the gas line also prevents the overlapping of the material flow with the swirl flow formed in the gas line occurring in the region of the mouth of the helical and / or spiral line 1.
• separation of the solids stream and the gas stream can be effected with high efficiency by generating this swirl flow.
• the cross section of the gas line 2 in the region of the junction 0.5 to 1.5 times as large as the cross section of the helical and / or spiral line 1. This cross-sectional ratio supports the formation of the swirl flow.
• a gas-solid suspension line can be provided which has a riser 6 and the descending helical and / or spiral line 1, and wherein Further, a deflection head 7 is provided which the riser. 6 with the helical and / or spiral line 1 connects. Due to the ascending and descending branch of the gas-solid suspension line, a sufficient contact time between gas and solid is ensured. On the other hand, a very compact design with comparatively low height can be achieved by this construction.
• the radius and / or the slope and / or the cross-sectional shape and / or the cross-sectional size of the helical and / or spiral line 1 changes in the flow direction of the gas-solid suspension.
• this can influence the pre-separation of the gas-solid
• the helical and / or spiral line 1 can be adapted to external conditions. This is particularly advantageous when several stages are interleaved and arranged one above the other.
• the radius, pitch, cross-sectional shape and / or cross-sectional size can change continuously in the flow direction and / or at least in one section. For example, a radius reduction causes an increase in centrifugal force, while a radius increase corresponds to a decrease in centrifugal force.
• a radius reduction causes an increase in centrifugal force
• a radius increase corresponds to a decrease in centrifugal force.
• the device described above will be formed as a multi-stage and / or multi-strand arrangement with a plurality of helical and / or spiral lines and associated gas lines.
• a three-stage arrangement is shown schematically in FIGS. 4 and 5. These are in particular a lower stage I, a middle stage II and an upper stage III, wherein in each case the gas line 2 of a further down stage in the helical or spiral line 1 passes over a step above.
• the gas line 2 "of the uppermost stage III is connected, for example, for dedusting to a filter or to a downstream high-efficiency separator Solid lines 3 behaves accordingly reversed.
• the solid line 3 "of the uppermost stage III is connected to the gas line 2 leading to the helical line 1 'of the middle stage II, while the middle stage II solid line is connected to the lower stage spiral line 1 I leading gas line communicates
• the individual stages of the multi-stage arrangement can be arranged intertwined due to the helical or spiral-like lines, so that a very compact overall arrangement results in the vertical direction.
• FIG. 6 shows a three-dimensional representation of a plant for the heat treatment of fine-grained material in cement production with a rotary kiln 10, a calciner 20 and a preheater 30.
• the calciner 20 and / or the preheater 30 can be constructed in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 5 be formed device described.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
• Cyclones (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Silicon Compounds (AREA)
• Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)

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