WO2008053711A1 - Silice amorphe et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents
Silice amorphe et son procédé de fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008053711A1 WO2008053711A1 PCT/JP2007/070281 JP2007070281W WO2008053711A1 WO 2008053711 A1 WO2008053711 A1 WO 2008053711A1 JP 2007070281 W JP2007070281 W JP 2007070281W WO 2008053711 A1 WO2008053711 A1 WO 2008053711A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- amorphous silica
- organic waste
- carboxylic acid
- silica according
- Prior art date
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 101
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 101
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 40
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 41
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 25
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 23
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYJDIUEHHCHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-[bis(2-carboxyethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-carboxyethyl)amino]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCN(CCC(O)=O)CCN(CCC(O)=O)CCC(O)=O KWYJDIUEHHCHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000035 biogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002026 crystalline silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930189471 penicacid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001307 Myosotis scorpioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABDBNWQRPYOPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonofluoridic acid Chemical compound OC(F)=O ABDBNWQRPYOPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-BSWAIDMHSA-N chenodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-BSWAIDMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001091 chenodeoxycholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].[K+] FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JWHOQZUREKYPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubonic acid Natural products CC1(C)CCC2(CCC3(C)C(=CCC4C5(C)CCC(=O)C(C)(C)C5CC(=O)C34C)C2C1)C(=O)O JWHOQZUREKYPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 silica compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/126—Preparation of silica of undetermined type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
Definitions
- the present invention relates to high purity amorphous silica obtained from organic waste (biomass material) such as rice husk, rice straw, rice bran and wood, and a method for producing the same.
- Non-food crops such as rice husk and rice straw contain about 20% of amorphous silicon oxide (silica / SiO 2) in addition to carbohydrates such as cellulose and hemicellulose. There is.
- amorphous silicon oxide silicon / SiO 2
- carbohydrates such as cellulose and hemicellulose.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-57684 discloses “a method of producing high purity silica from rice husk”.
- rice husk is treated with a solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF) to extract a silica compound contained in rice husk to produce silica.
- HF hydrofluoric acid
- a fluorocarbonic acid (H 2 SiF 2) obtained by the treatment with hydrofluoric acid solution is used. Extracted as an extract, and ammonia added to it to give hexafone.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-187674 discloses "a method of producing a caic acid-containing powder and a caic acid-containing powder production system".
- rice husk or straw is introduced into a processing vessel, water vapor is injected into the processing vessel to raise the internal pressure and temperature, and the input is pulverized without burning.
- fertilizer can be produced directly from rice husk and straw.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-194007 discloses "a method of producing an amorphous silica fine powder and a concrete product mixed with an amorphous silica fine powder".
- amorphous husks soaked in a hydrochloric acid solution are fired and then pulverized to produce an amorphous silica fine powder.
- rice husk washing with a 5% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution the purity of SiO is as low as 96%.
- hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of about 10% to 20%
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 2004-527445 discloses "a method for producing high purity amorphous silica from a biogenic material".
- lignin, cellulose and the like are prepared by immersing biogenic substances such as rice husk in a solution having an oxidized solute (selected from the group consisting of peroxide, nitrate and permanganate).
- the long chain hydrocarbon compounds are further reduced to flammable (volatile) short chain hydrocarbon compounds, and the carbonaceous residue of silica produced by combustion in the next step is reduced.
- the combustion temperature at that time is preferably 500 to 950 ° C. At high temperature combustion, crystallization of silica proceeds.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-196312 discloses "a method for producing amorphous silica using rice husk as a raw material”. It shows.
- rice husks are subjected to a short time of 4 seconds to 10 seconds of firing at 640 ° C. to 800 ° C. using a fluidized bed as the first combustion step, followed by the second combustion.
- the firing is performed at 700 ° C. to 950 ° C. for 8 minutes to 15 minutes using an external heating rotary furnace. According to this method, it is possible to produce an amorphous silica having a low unburned carbon and high pozzolanic reactivity.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-48515 discloses "a method of producing amorphous silica using rice husk as a raw material".
- high purity amorphous is obtained by immersing rice husks in water and then firing the rice husks, or by supplying or spraying water or steam before or during firing of the rice husks.
- High quality silica is obtained by immersing rice husks in water and then firing the rice husks, or by supplying or spraying water or steam before or during firing of the rice husks.
- High quality silica The immersion effect in water or the water supply 'injection effect is to remove the impurities attached to the surface of the chaff, and thereafter the chaff is fired at 550 ° C to 600 ° C.
- Rice husks are put into this aqueous solution while using two kinds of organic acid aqueous solutions of the following and the respective aqueous solutions are brought to a concentration of about 0.5% to 30%, stirred for 90 minutes, and then the rice husks are taken out.
- the chaff is washed with water, dried at 110 ° C., and calcined for 2 hours at 700 ° C.
- amorphous silica having a purity of 93% to 96.7% is obtained. It is done.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11 323752 discloses "a method for producing a material having a high content of silica, cellulose and lignin".
- wood-based materials such as rice husk, rice straw, bagasse etc. are exploded or steamed (The wood-based material is immersed in a solution such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid to heat and pressurize it. ) After burning at 550 to 900.degree. C. (more preferably 600 to 700.degree. C.).
- the amorphous silicon oxide film has a SiO content of about 95%.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-94056 discloses a method of incinerating organic waste.
- organic wastes such as rice husk and wheat straw are dry-distilled or heat-treated at 150 ° C. to 1000 ° C., and the obtained carbide is treated with an acid solution, alkali solution or metal chelate. After desalting by washing with a washing solution containing an agent, the desalted carbide is incinerated.
- the demineralized carbide obtained here can be used as a cement admixture.
- As the acid a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid, or an organic acid such as formic acid or acetic acid is used.
- a salt having a metal complex forming ability such as ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilo triacetic acid (NTA), ethylene diamine tetrapropionic acid (EDTP) or the like is used.
- EDTA ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid
- NTA nitrilo triacetic acid
- EDTP ethylene diamine tetrapropionic acid
- An object of the present invention is to obtain high purity amorphous silica from organic wastes such as agricultural products, grass food and wood without using mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
- the method for producing amorphous silica according to the present invention comprises the steps of: preparing an organic waste containing silica as a starting material; and treating the organic waste in an aqueous solution of carboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group.
- the method includes the steps of immersing, subsequently washing the organic waste with water, and heating the organic waste in the atmosphere.
- the carboxylic acid is preferably any acid selected from the group consisting of citric acid, isocyanic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and lactic acid.
- the temperature of the aqueous carboxylic acid solution is preferably 50 ° C. or more and 80 ° C. or less.
- the concentration of the aqueous carboxylic acid solution is preferably 0.5% or more and 10% or less.
- the heating temperature in the air atmosphere is preferably 300 ° C. or more and 1100 ° C. or less.
- the step of heating the organic waste in the atmosphere includes a first heating step of heating at 300 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less followed by 600 ° C. or more and 1100 ° C. or less. And heating a second heating step.
- the organic waste as the starting material is preferably rice husk, rice straw, rice bran, straw, wood Wood, thinnings, construction scraps, sawdust, bark, nogas, corn, sugar cane, sweet potato, soybean, peanuts, cassava, eucalyptus, fern, pineapple, bamboo, rubber, used paper.
- the step of preparing the organic waste as a starting material includes grinding and refining the organic waste.
- the weight loss after burning of the soaked organic waste in the aqueous carboxylic acid solution is 87% or more.
- the volume of water used in the water washing treatment is at least 30 times the volume of the organic waste to be treated. In one embodiment, the water washing treatment is performed three or more times, and the volume of water used in each water washing treatment is at least 10 times the volume of the organic waste to be treated.
- a step of immersing organic waste in different types of acids is provided. You may do so.
- a different kind of acid for example oxalic acid can be used.
- a combination of different types of acid washing for example, a method of washing with organic acid after being washed with citric acid and then washing with acid, or vice versa, after washing organic waste with acid, for example A method of washing with citric acid can be employed.
- the organic waste may be dipped and washed in a solution in which citric acid and silicic acid are mixed.
- the amorphous silica according to the present invention is obtained by the method described in any of the above, and is characterized in that the purity of silicon dioxide (SiO 2) is 98% or more.
- the content of impurity carbon in the amorphous silica is less than 0.2% by weight, and the content of sulfur is less than 0.1% by weight. More preferably, the content of impurity carbon in the amorphous silica is 0.1% or less on a weight basis, and the content of sulfur is 0.5% or less on a weight basis.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a method for producing high purity amorphous silica according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of differential thermal analysis of rice husk samples after acid treatment.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing weight change rates of various samples in a heating process from normal temperature to 1000 ° C.
- FIG. 4 It is a figure showing the results of differential thermal analysis of raw material husks not subjected to carboxylic acid washing treatment.
- agricultural wastes such as rice husk, rice straw, rice bran, wheat straw, wood, sawdust, bark and organic wastes such as wood are treated as objects to be treated.
- An acid wash treatment such as immersion in a carboxylic acid aqueous solution and agitation is carried out, and the waste is washed with water and then calcined under an appropriate temperature condition to create an amorphous silica having a purity of 98% or more.
- metal impurities such as lithium, calcium and aluminum contained in organic waste are discharged and removed from the waste out of the waste by a chelate reaction.
- the reaction between carbohydrates such as cellulose and hemicellulose and the above-mentioned metal impurities can be suppressed in the baking process, and as a result, the amount of residual carbon can be reduced.
- High purity silica can be obtained
- the amorphous silica obtained as described above can be used as an additive for concrete, a reinforcing material for tire rubber, a soluble fertilizer, a raw material for cosmetics, a coating material, and the like.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the method for producing high purity amorphous silica according to the present invention.
- the present inventors have found that high purity amorphous silica can be obtained by applying the following treatment to input materials consisting of organic wastes such as agricultural products, wood and grass food.
- Organic wastes as input materials are preferably rice husk, rice straw, rice bran, wheat straw, wood, thinned wood, construction waste, sawdust, bark, nogas, corn, sugar cane, sweet potato, soybean, peanut , Caterpillar, eucalyptus, fern, pineapple, bamboo, rubber, or used paper.
- the reason for using a carboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group is as follows.
- any one of a citric acid, an isochenic acid, a tartaric acid, a malic acid and a lactic acid is desirable as a carboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group.
- the amount of residual carbon is increased by the eutectic reaction between the silica and the metal component because the silica component is more than that of other agricultural products or wood and the above impurity metal elements are contained in large amounts. It is easy to Therefore, in order to make the purity of amorphous silica after calcination 98% or more, it is necessary to cause the chelate reaction and dehydration reaction more efficiently. From this point of view, more desirable carboxylic acids have hydroxyl groups, and the number of carboxyl groups is 3 or more. In particular, the use of citric acid or isocyanic acid is more desirable.
- a 5% aqueous sulfuric acid solution and a 5% aqueous citric acid solution were prepared, and rice husk was acid-washed using each of them, and then subjected to water washing treatment. Differential thermal analysis of rice husk samples after treatment is shown in FIG.
- the chlorine content in the combustion ash is less than the lower limit of measurement ( ⁇ 0.01%), as compared to the acid cleaning treatment using a strong mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
- the sulfur content in the ash is less than 0.1%.
- the sulfur content can be reduced to 0.010% to 0.05% or less by optimizing the water washing treatment conditions in the next step, and combustion ash subjected to a sulfuric acid washing treatment (0.2% to 0.6%) It is significantly reduced compared to.
- the concentration of the aqueous carboxylic acid solution is preferably 0.5% or more and 10% or less.
- the concentration is 0.
- the carbon content of rice husk combustion ash obtained by subjecting the acid-treated rice husk treated with an aqueous solution of carboxylic acid having the above-mentioned preferable concentration to a water washing treatment and further calcining it is Less than 2%.
- the carbon content can be reduced to 0.1% or less by combining with multiple washing processes.
- the content of impurities such as potassium oxide, calcium oxide and phosphorus oxide in combustion ash is also reduced The amount also decreases significantly from 0.01% to less than 0.03%.
- the content of impurities in combustion ash can be reduced by the reduction of impurity metal elements by the chelate reaction and dehydration reaction.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution of carboxylic acid is preferably 50 ° C. to 80 ° C., more preferably normal temperature or higher.
- the temperature of the carboxylic acid aqueous solution is preferably 50 ° C. to 80 ° C., more preferably normal temperature or higher.
- organic wastes such as rice husk and wheat straw are dry-distilled or heat-treated at 150 ° C. to 1000 ° C., and then the carbides thereof are an acid solution, an alkali solution, or a metal chelating agent.
- the desalted carbide is incinerated after being washed and desalted with a washing solution containing That is, the organic waste is heat-treated before the washing step with the aqueous solution containing the metal chelating agent, and this procedure is in a reverse relationship to the method proposed in the present invention.
- there is no description or definition regarding the effectiveness of the carboxylic acid containing a hydroxyl group which is a feature of the present invention.
- the acetic acid and the oxalic acid used here are // and have no hydroxyl group! // carboxylic acid, not the hydroxyl group-containing carboxylic acid which is the feature of the present invention.
- impurity metal elements such as potassium and calcium by the chelate reaction and dehydration reaction, and the effect of the hydroxyl group on the purification of silica.
- the impurity metal element remains in the chaff after the organic acid cleaning treatment without being sufficiently removed. Therefore, the contents of calcium oxide (CaO) and potassium oxide (K 2 O) contained in rice husk ash obtained by firing the rice husk are each 0.4.
- magnesium oxide MgO
- sodium oxide Na 0
- iron oxide Fe 2 O 3
- the silica purity in rice husk combustion ash is 93% to 96.7%, which is lower than the purity (98% or more) of the silica obtained by the process of the present invention.
- the present inventors increase the area of the raw material in contact with the aqueous rubonic acid solution by using the crop raw material which has been ground and refined in advance, and as a result, the area where the chelate reaction occurs increases. It was confirmed that the reduction effect of the impurity metal elements was further improved, and the amount of residual carbon in the combustion ash was also reduced to achieve high purification of silica.
- the silica purity of the combustion ash obtained by applying citric acid washing treatment, water washing treatment and combustion to raw material husks not subjected to grinding treatment in advance was 99.1%
- rice husks were treated with a food mixer When pulverized under dry conditions and the average particle size of the raw material is refined to about 1/3, calcined ash obtained through quenching treatment, washing with water, and combustion under the same conditions
- the silica purity was 99.6%.
- the silica when preparing the organic waste as the starting material, if the organic waste is pulverized and refined, the silica can be highly purified.
- rice husk or rice straw is a biomass fuel
- the amount of carbohydrates such as cellulose or hemicellulose contained in rice husk or rice straw is remarkable even if acid washing treatment with any of the aqueous carboxylic acid solutions described above is performed. It is desirable not to reduce to
- FIG. 3 shows weight change rates of various samples in the heating process from normal temperature to 1000 ° C.
- samples a sample subjected to sulfuric acid washing once, a sample subjected to sulfuric acid washing twice, a sample subjected to citric acid washing, and a sample not subjected to acid washing were prepared.
- the amount of carbohydrate contained in the sample before analysis is about 10 to 20% less than when using the raw rice husk, ie, when the rice husk is washed in aqueous sulfuric acid solution, the carbohydrate is melted by the sulfuric acid It means being disassembled. Therefore, when using rice husk treated with sulfuric acid as a biomass power generation fuel, the calorific value decreases and the energy efficiency to be recovered decreases, which causes some problems.
- the weight loss rate when using a 5% aqueous solution of citric acid is about 88%, which is equivalent to that of the raw material rice husk.
- high energy efficiency can be realized even when used as a biomass fuel that does not cause the melt decomposition of carbohydrates observed in the sulfuric acid cleaning process.
- a sufficient removal effect can be obtained by using water at least 30 times, more preferably at least 50 times, the volume of the raw material.
- water at least 30 times, more preferably at least 50 times, the volume of the raw material.
- 50 cc of rice husk charged carboxylic acid washed rice husk under a predetermined condition is put into a bath of 500 cc of distilled water, stirred for 15 minutes, and then the distilled water is discarded. Then, add 500 cc of distilled water again to the bath where rice husk remains. By repeating this three times, the water washing process with distilled water 30 times the volume of the raw rice husk will be performed.
- the amount of water used in one washing process may be set to 30 times or more of the raw material volume by setting the number of washing processes once, but as described above, the washing process is performed three or more times. If the volume of water used in each water washing process is at least 10 times the volume of the raw material, a more sufficient removal effect can be obtained.
- Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, etc. contain components that harm the environment, such as sulfur and chlorine!
- carboxylic acid used in the acid washing step in the present invention Wastewater from the acid treatment after washing agricultural products etc. does not contain components that harm the environment. Therefore, when the waste water treatment becomes easy, the advantage is obtained.
- the heating temperature it is desirable to set the heating temperature to 300 ° C. or more and 1100 ° C. or less in the air atmosphere as the condition for burning the raw material subjected to the carboxylic acid washing and the water washing treatment. If the temperature is lower than 300 ° C., residual carbon components are increased due to insufficient combustion of carbohydrates, and the purity of silica is reduced. On the other hand, if the combustion temperature exceeds 1100 ° C., the cristobalite (crystallization) of the crystal structure of silica may cause a light problem.
- FIG. 4 The results of differential thermal analysis of the raw material husks not subjected to the carboxylic acid washing treatment are shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, two stages of exothermic peaks are confirmed at 300 ° C. to 400 ° C. and 400 ° C. to 480 ° C. This corresponds to the amount of heat generated when the carbohydrates contained in rice husk (two types of carbohydrates, a 5-carbon sugar component and a 6-carbon sugar component) burn.
- the present inventors have found that if pyrolysis of carbohydrates completely in the above two exothermic processes can reduce the amount of residual carbon and improve the purity of silica, the following preferable method has been found. That is, in the step of heating organic wastes such as rice husks in the atmosphere, the first heating is performed by burning the raw material in a state where oxygen is sufficiently supplied at 300 ° C. to 500 ° C. at which two exothermic peaks appear. And a second heating step of heating at a temperature of 600 ° C. to 1100 ° C. in the atmosphere. Such two-step heating enables complete combustion of carbohydrates.
- the purity of silica in the obtained combustion ash was 99.5%, and the carbon content was 0.04%.
- impurities can be reduced, and further, high purification of silica can be achieved.
- Amorphous silica produced from organic wastes such as agricultural products according to the above-mentioned production conditions of the present invention has a purity of 98% or more. Also preferably,
- the carbon content in the crystalline silica is not more than 0.2% by weight.
- the heat resistance of the produced crucible decreases when it is used as a crucible material which is one of the raw materials using high purity amorphous silica powder, Life is reduced.
- amorphous calcium oxide powder is used as a raw material for cosmetics such as foundation, there is a concern about the influence on the skin.
- amorphous carbon dioxide is used as a reinforcing material for high strength concrete, if the carbon content exceeds 0.2% by weight, it absorbs chemical admixtures such as water reducing agent and air entraining agent. If the content of silicon dioxide is less than 98% by weight, sufficient improvement in strength can not be obtained.
- the preferred carbon content in the amorphous silica is 0.2 wt% or less, and the sulfur content is 0.1 wt% or less, more preferably, the carbon content is 0.1 wt% or less And sulfur content is less than 0.05% by weight.
- amorphous silica having a purity of less than 98% Even when amorphous silica having a purity of less than 98% is used, the effect of improving the strength of concrete due to pozzolanic activity is observed as compared to crystalline silica.
- the amorphous silica having a purity of 98% or more according to the present invention further strengthening of the concrete material can be realized.
- the high purity amorphous silica powder of the present invention can also be used as a coating material.
- an acid washing method may be employed.
- the organic waste may be dipped and washed in a solution in which citric acid and silicic acid are mixed.
- potassium oxide and calcium oxide are decreased by the chelate reaction by the carboxyl group and the dehydration reaction by the hydroxyl group, and as a result, the residual carbon content is also 0.1.
- the target value was below 98%, and the target silica purity was over 98%.
- samples No. 1 and 69 which are comparative examples, were as follows.
- untreated rice husk (sample No. 1)
- metal components were not removed, and as a result, the amount of residual carbon also increased to 0.6%, and as a result, the purity of silica became a value below 95%.
- the sample ⁇ ⁇ 6 phosphoric acid the content of phosphorus oxide increased, and as a result, the silica purity decreased.
- sample ⁇ 79 although it is a carboxylic acid, it does not have hydroxyl groups, so removal of impurity metal elements such as potassium and calcium is insufficient, resulting in an increase in the amount of residual carbon in combustion ash.
- the silica purity was as low as 95 97%.
- Example 2 rice husk was prepared as an input material, and citric acid and sulfuric acid were used as an acid wash water solution. After the acid washing treatment was conducted under the concentration conditions shown in Table 2 and the water washing treatment was conducted under the appropriate conditions of the present invention, the electric furnace was used and baked at 800 ° C. for 30 minutes in the air atmosphere. . Quantitative analysis of the obtained rice husk combustion ash was performed by a fluorescent X-ray analysis (XRF) device. The results are shown in Table 2.
- XRF fluorescent X-ray analysis
- Rice straw and rice husk were prepared as input materials, and the influence of the temperature of the aqueous solution of penic acid was examined. The concentration was all 5%, and the temperature of the aqueous citric acid solution was 50 ° C and 80 ° C at ordinary temperature. After each raw material crop is soaked in each aqueous solution for 15 minutes, it is washed with water (washed with normal temperature water 30 times by volume ratio), and it is carried out at 800 ° C. in an air atmosphere in an electric furnace. I baked for a minute. Quantitative analysis of the resulting combustion ash was performed using a fluorescent X-ray analysis (XRF) apparatus. The results for rice straw are shown in Table 3, and the results for rice husk are shown in Table 4. In any case, further purification of the silica can be realized by carrying out the acid washing treatment under warm water conditions of 50 to 80 ° C.
- XRF fluorescent X-ray analysis
- rice husk was prepared as an input material, and acid treatment washing was performed at room temperature using tartaric acid as an aqueous acid washing solution (concentration 5%). After that, the volume ratio of rice husk and water was set to 5, 30, and 50 times.
- the washed rice husks were fired at 800 ° C. for 30 minutes in an air atmosphere in an electric furnace.
- Sulfuric acid (Sample No. 32), hydrochloric acid (Sample No. 33), and phosphoric acid (Sample No. 35) melt and decompose the carbonated carbohydrates in rice husk compared with other acids. Weight loss is large. In other words, when rice husk is acid-treated with the acid of the present invention (Quen's acid) (sample No. 31), acid washing-washing with water does not melt or decompose carbohydrates such as cellulose and hemicellulose. There are enough remaining carbohydrates in the rice husks that will be used efficiently as biomass fuel.
- Example 5 As in Example 5, 10 g of rice husk was immersed in 500 ml of an aqueous acid solution (all 5% concentration) shown in Table 7 The mixture is stirred at a water temperature of 60 ° C for 30 minutes, washed with water (washed with distilled water 30 times the volume ratio with rice husk), filtered, and dried at 105 ° C. for 60 minutes. Water was completely removed. The contents of calcium (Ca) and lithium (K) in the aqueous acid solution before and after acid treatment were quantitatively measured by ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) emission analyzer. From the weight change before and after acid cleaning, the removal effect of each impurity metal element was evaluated. The analysis results of the Ca content and the K content in the aqueous acid solution are shown in Table 7 and Table 8, respectively.
- ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma
- the weight change (7.2 ppm to 9.8 ppm) in the sample Nos. 37 to 41 of the present invention is the same as that of the sample Nos. 42 to 43 washed with oxalic acid as a comparative example.
- the calcium removal effect was found to be high by using a carboxylic acid containing a hydroxyl group larger than the amount of weight change (5.5 ppn! To 6.2 ppm).
- the weight change amount (35.3 ppm to 36. 1 ppm) in the sample Nos. 48 to 52 which is an example of the present invention is similar to that of the sample Nos.
- the effect of removing potassium was found to be high by using a carboxylic acid containing a hydroxyl group, which is larger than the amount of weight loss (28.4 ppm to 29.1 ppm).
- the high purity amorphous silica obtained by the method of the present invention can be advantageously used for cement additives, reinforcing materials for tire rubber, soluble fertilizers, raw materials for cosmetics, coating materials and the like.
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JP2008214158A (ja) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-18 | Maywa Co Ltd | 籾殻から非晶質シリカの製造方法 |
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JP5703428B1 (ja) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-04-22 | 勝義 近藤 | 有機系廃棄物由来の球状シリカ粒子およびその製造方法 |
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US10807910B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2020-10-20 | Katsuyoshi Kondoh | Cementitious material for radioactive waste disposal facility |
JP2021536426A (ja) * | 2018-09-05 | 2021-12-27 | キルト エルエルシー | 生物源シリカの特性を制御する方法 |
JP7407172B2 (ja) | 2018-09-05 | 2023-12-28 | キルト エルエルシー | 生物源シリカの特性を制御する方法 |
JP2020114791A (ja) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-07-30 | ジカンテクノ株式会社 | シリカ、シリカの製造方法及びシリカの製造装置 |
JP7237271B2 (ja) | 2018-09-20 | 2023-03-13 | ジカンテクノ株式会社 | シリカの製造装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101528601A (zh) | 2009-09-09 |
US20100061910A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
CN101528601B (zh) | 2012-08-22 |
JPWO2008053711A1 (ja) | 2010-02-25 |
US7998448B2 (en) | 2011-08-16 |
JP5213120B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 |
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